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Lansford JE, Pettit GS, Rauer A, Vandenberg CE, Schulenberg JE, Staff J, Jager J, Dodge KA, Bates JE. Intergenerational continuity and stability in early family formation. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2019; 33:370-379. [PMID: 30628807 PMCID: PMC6449194 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examines intergenerational continuity (mean level similarity) and stability (maintenance of rank ordering of individuals) in age and marital status at the time of becoming a young parent using prospective data from 3 generations of 585 families. G2 participants were recruited at the age of 5 years and followed until the age of 28, by which time 227 had become parents themselves. The findings suggest that despite dramatic intergenerational discontinuities with young adults, on average, now being more likely to be unmarried and older at the time of becoming parents than in previous generations, intergenerational stability in age and marital status at the time of becoming a young parent is still substantial. This intergenerational stability was, for the most part, not moderated by demographic, familial, or behavioral factors, suggesting that a developmental, multigenerational perspective is necessary to understand what has previously been considered a largely demographic issue. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory S Pettit
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University
| | - Amy Rauer
- Department of Child and Family Studies, University of Tennessee
| | | | - John E Schulenberg
- Institute for Social Research and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan
| | - Jeremy Staff
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Justin Jager
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University
| | | | - John E Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University
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Abstract
Abstract
Using data from administrative registers for the period 1970–2007 in Norway and Sweden, we investigate the intergenerational transmission of multipartner fertility. We find that men and women with half-siblings are more likely to have children with more than one partner. The differences are greater for those with younger versus older half-siblings, consistent with the additional influence of parental separation that may not arise when one has only older half-siblings. The additional risk for those with both older and younger half-siblings suggests that complexity in childhood family relationships also contributes to multipartner fertility. Only a small part of the intergenerational association is accounted for by education in the first and second generations. The association is to some extent gendered. Half-siblings are associated with a greater risk of women having children with a new partner in comparison with men. In particular, maternal half-siblings are more strongly associated with multipartner fertility than paternal half-siblings only for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trude Lappegård
- Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Postboks 1096 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- Research Department, Statistics Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Demography Unit, Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Thomson
- Demography Unit, Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Demography and Ecology, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393, USA
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Miller MC. Destroyed by Slavery? Slavery and African American Family Formation Following Emancipation. Demography 2018; 55:1587-1609. [PMID: 30218275 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-018-0711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study introduces a new sample that links people and families across 1860, 1880, and 1900 census data to explore the intergenerational impact of slavery on black families in the United States. Slaveholding-the number of slaves owned by a single farmer or planter-is used as a proxy for experiences during slavery. Slave family structures varied systematically with slaveholding sizes. Enslaved children on smaller holdings were more likely to be members of single-parent or divided families. On larger holdings, however, children tended to reside in nuclear families. In 1880, a child whose mother had been on a farm with five slaves was 49 % more likely to live in a single-parent household than a child whose mother had been on a farm with 15 slaves. By 1900, slaveholding no longer had an impact. However, children whose parents lived in single-parent households were themselves more likely to live in single-parent households and to have been born outside marriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda C Miller
- Department of Economics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Pradhan MR, Gouda J. Is fertility associated with the number of siblings of the couple? Evidence from India. HUM FERTIL 2017; 22:26-32. [PMID: 28743202 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2017.1356475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The influence of family on an individual's fertility has long been an important topic of interest in fertility research. Although studies conducted mostly in developed countries found a significant bearing of fertility of the parents on the fertility of the children, there is a lack of formal research around this topic in India. The present study analyses the effect of sibling size of husband and wife on the completed family size of women using information of 5506 ever-married women aged 45-49 years incorporated in the India Human Development Survey-II (2011-2012). Inferential statistics, bivariate, Chi-square and Poisson regression were used as the methods of analysis. The unadjusted estimates of Poisson regression reveal sibling size of women (IRR: 1.02; p < 0.001) and husband (IRR: 1.01; p < 0.001) have a positive correlation with the completed family size of women. However, in the adjusted model, the effect of sibling size especially of husband diminishes gradually in the presence of socio-economic covariates of the women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ranjan Pradhan
- a Department of Fertility Studies , International Institute for Population Sciences , Mumbai , India
| | - Jitendra Gouda
- b International Institute for Population Sciences , Mumbai , India
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Koops JC, Liefbroer AC, Gauthier AH. The Influence of Parental Educational Attainment on the Partnership Context at First Birth in 16 Western Societies. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION = REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE 2017; 33:533-557. [PMID: 29081562 PMCID: PMC5646102 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-017-9421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the US, growing up with parents with a low socio-economic status (SES) has been shown to increase the chance of having a birth outside marriage. However, less is known about the influence of parental SES in other Western countries. The current paper examines the association between parental educational attainment with the partnership context at first birth in 16 European and North American countries, by differentiating births within marriage, within cohabitation, or while being single. Moreover, we test whether the association between parental education and partnership context at childbirth changes over cohorts and whether its influence changes when controlling for own educational attainment. Data from the Generations and Gender Programme were used, as well as data from the American National Survey of Family Growth, the Canadian General Social Survey, and the Dutch Survey on Family Formation. The results show that in North American and East European countries, but not in West European countries, lower parental education increases the risk of having a birth within cohabitation. Moreover, in North American countries and half of the West and East European countries, lower parental education increases the risk of having a birth while being single. The association of parental education with the partnership context at birth tends to change furthermore over cohorts, although no clear pattern could be observed between countries. The study suggests that the intergenerational transmission of education is an important mechanism in explaining the influence of parental education, although other mechanisms also appear to be at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C. Koops
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI/KNAW), Lange Houtstraat 19, 2511 CV The Hague, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aart C. Liefbroer
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI/KNAW), Lange Houtstraat 19, 2511 CV The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne H. Gauthier
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI/KNAW), Lange Houtstraat 19, 2511 CV The Hague, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Gottlieb A. Household Incarceration in Early Adolescence and Risk of Premarital First Birth. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2016; 61:126-134. [PMID: 26806994 PMCID: PMC4721267 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the second half of the 20th century, the United States experienced a massive increase in incarceration. In response to this growth, a burgeoning scholarship has sought to explore the collateral consequences of incarceration for young children. However, this scholarship has less frequently explored the impact of incarceration on long-term outcomes, how incarceration experienced in periods other than early childhood impacts children, and whether the incarceration of family members other than parents has negative implications for children. Using data from the children of the mothers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, I explore whether household incarceration experienced in early adolescence is associated with a child's risk of growing up to have a premarital first birth. The results suggest that, even after including a rich set of covariates, children who experience household incarceration in early adolescence are at greater risk of having a premarital first birth, particularly when the father or an external household member is incarcerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Gottlieb
- Princeton University 229 Wallace Hall, Princeton NJ, 08544,
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Högnäs RS, Thomas JR. Birds of a Feather Have Babies Together?: Family Structure Homogamy and Union Stability among Cohabiting Parents. JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES 2016; 37:29-52. [PMID: 26640313 PMCID: PMC4666318 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x13518211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The association between childhood family structure and offspring wellbeing is well-documented. Recent research shows that adult children of divorced parents will likely marry someone whose parents' divorced (i.e., family structure homogamy) and are subsequently likely to divorce themselves. This literature has focused primarily on marital unions, despite the rise in cohabitation and nonmarital childbearing. Research suggests that marriage and cohabitation are different types of unions and have different implications for the wellbeing of children. Therefore, we extend the literature by examining the role of family structure homogamy in matching patterns and union stability among unmarried, cohabiting couples. Data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study suggest that unmarried, cohabiting mothers and fathers are both more likely to be from nonintact childhood family structures and are significantly more likely to dissolve their unions compared to married parents who both tend to be from intact childhood family structures.
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Diaz CJ. Social mobility in the context of fathering: the intergenerational link in parenting among co-resident fathers. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2014; 47:1-15. [PMID: 24913941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intergenerational transmissions extend across a number of family-related behaviors, including marriage timing, fertility, and divorce. Surprisingly, few studies investigate the link between the fathering men experience and the fathering they ultimately engage in. I use data on the grandfathers and fathers of the 2001 U.S. birth cohort - measured in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (N=4050) - to test whether men's perception of the parenting they received influences their subsequent paternal self-assessments and behaviors. I find a nonlinear association between experiencing warm fathering and men's self-assessed parenting quality and stress. Men with particularly warm fathers are more likely to report being good fathers themselves. Those who report having the harshest fathers also exhibit better paternal self-perceptions and lower stress. Perceptions of paternal warmth show similar associations with men's fathering engagement. This research sheds light on the significance of family dynamics and how a legacy of fathering may contribute to inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Diaz
- Department of Sociology, The Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4412 William Sewell Social Sciences, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Thompson R, Neilson EC. Early parenting: the roles of maltreatment, trauma symptoms, and future expectations. J Adolesc 2014; 37:1099-108. [PMID: 25150891 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The psychosocial determinants of early parenting are still not well understood. The current study used data on 115 girls in the Capella Project, who were followed longitudinally for the first 18 years of life. Potential predictors of early parenting assessed were child maltreatment, trauma symptoms, and girls' expectations for their socioeconomic outcomes. Cox regression survival analyses were conducted to predict time to the birth of first child. Significant unique predictors of early parenting included neglect, anxiety, low depression, and low expectations of going to college. Practice and research implications of these findings include the importance of neglect for risk of early parenting, the importance of ongoing trauma symptoms in youth, and the potentially protective influence of expectations of going to college.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Thompson
- Richard H. Calica Center for Innovation in Children and Family Services, Juvenile Protective Association, 1707 N Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Elizabeth C Neilson
- Richard H. Calica Center for Innovation in Children and Family Services, Juvenile Protective Association, 1707 N Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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10
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Intergenerational Transmission of Age at First Birth in the United States: Evidence from Multiple Surveys. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-014-9328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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