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Izzo F, Myers RM, Ganesan S, Mekerishvili L, Kottapalli S, Prieto T, Eton EO, Botella T, Dunbar AJ, Bowman RL, Sotelo J, Potenski C, Mimitou EP, Stahl M, El Ghaity-Beckley S, Arandela J, Raviram R, Choi DC, Hoffman R, Chaligné R, Abdel-Wahab O, Smibert P, Ghobrial IM, Scandura JM, Marcellino B, Levine RL, Landau DA. Mapping genotypes to chromatin accessibility profiles in single cells. Nature 2024; 629:1149-1157. [PMID: 38720070 PMCID: PMC11139586 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
In somatic tissue differentiation, chromatin accessibility changes govern priming and precursor commitment towards cellular fates1-3. Therefore, somatic mutations are likely to alter chromatin accessibility patterns, as they disrupt differentiation topologies leading to abnormal clonal outgrowth. However, defining the impact of somatic mutations on the epigenome in human samples is challenging due to admixed mutated and wild-type cells. Here, to chart how somatic mutations disrupt epigenetic landscapes in human clonal outgrowths, we developed genotyping of targeted loci with single-cell chromatin accessibility (GoT-ChA). This high-throughput platform links genotypes to chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution across thousands of cells within a single assay. We applied GoT-ChA to CD34+ cells from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms with JAK2V617F-mutated haematopoiesis. Differential accessibility analysis between wild-type and JAK2V617F-mutant progenitors revealed both cell-intrinsic and cell-state-specific shifts within mutant haematopoietic precursors, including cell-intrinsic pro-inflammatory signatures in haematopoietic stem cells, and a distinct profibrotic inflammatory chromatin landscape in megakaryocytic progenitors. Integration of mitochondrial genome profiling and cell-surface protein expression measurement allowed expansion of genotyping onto DOGMA-seq through imputation, enabling single-cell capture of genotypes, chromatin accessibility, RNA expression and cell-surface protein expression. Collectively, we show that the JAK2V617F mutation leads to epigenetic rewiring in a cell-intrinsic and cell type-specific manner, influencing inflammation states and differentiation trajectories. We envision that GoT-ChA will empower broad future investigations of the critical link between somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations across clonal populations in malignant and non-malignant contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Izzo
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Robert M Myers
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saravanan Ganesan
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Levan Mekerishvili
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay Kottapalli
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tamara Prieto
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elliot O Eton
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theo Botella
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew J Dunbar
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert L Bowman
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jesus Sotelo
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Potenski
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eleni P Mimitou
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maximilian Stahl
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Leukemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sebastian El Ghaity-Beckley
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - JoAnn Arandela
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramya Raviram
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel C Choi
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematopoiesis, Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Richard T. Silver MD Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronan Chaligné
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- SAIL: Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Smibert
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M Scandura
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematopoiesis, Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Richard T. Silver MD Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bridget Marcellino
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross L Levine
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan A Landau
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Bergamasco MI, Ranathunga N, Abeysekera W, Li-Wai-Suen CSN, Garnham AL, Willis SN, McRae HM, Yang Y, D'Amico A, Di Rago L, Wilcox S, Nutt SL, Alexander WS, Smyth GK, Voss AK, Thomas T. The histone acetyltransferase KAT6B is required for hematopoietic stem cell development and function. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:469-485. [PMID: 38518784 PMCID: PMC11096436 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The histone lysine acetyltransferase KAT6B (MYST4, MORF, QKF) is the target of recurrent chromosomal translocations causing hematological malignancies with poor prognosis. Using Kat6b germline deletion and overexpression in mice, we determined the role of KAT6B in the hematopoietic system. We found that KAT6B sustained the fetal hematopoietic stem cell pool but did not affect viability or differentiation. KAT6B was essential for normal levels of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation but not for a previously proposed target, H3K23. Compound heterozygosity of Kat6b and the closely related gene, Kat6a, abolished hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation. KAT6B and KAT6A cooperatively promoted transcription of genes regulating hematopoiesis, including the Hoxa cluster, Pbx1, Meis1, Gata family, Erg, and Flt3. In conclusion, we identified the hematopoietic processes requiring Kat6b and showed that KAT6B and KAT6A synergistically promoted HSC development, function, and transcription. Our findings are pertinent to current clinical trials testing KAT6A/B inhibitors as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Bergamasco
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nishika Ranathunga
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Connie S N Li-Wai-Suen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Simon N Willis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Helen M McRae
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Yuqing Yang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Angela D'Amico
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ladina Di Rago
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen Wilcox
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Warren S Alexander
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Tim Thomas
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
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3
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Choi SC, Park YP, Roach T, Jimenez D, Fisher A, Zadeh M, Ma L, Sobel ES, Ge Y, Mohamadzadeh M, Morel L. Lupus susceptibility gene Pbx1 controls the development, stability, and function of regulatory T cells via Rtkn2 expression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi4310. [PMID: 38536923 PMCID: PMC10971436 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of regulatory T (Treg) cells critically prevents autoimmunity. Pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (Pbx1) variants are associated with lupus susceptibility, particularly through the expression of a dominant negative isoform Pbx1-d in CD4+ T cells. Pbx1-d overexpression impaired Treg cell homeostasis and promoted inflammatory CD4+ T cells. Here, we showed a high expression of Pbx1 in human and murine Treg cells, which is decreased in lupus patients and mice. Pbx1 deficiency or Pbx1-d overexpression reduced the number, stability, and suppressive activity of Treg cells, which increased murine responses to immunization and autoimmune induction. Mechanistically, Pbx1 deficiency altered the expression of genes implicated in cell cycle and apoptosis in Treg cells. Intriguingly, Rtkn2, a Rho-GTPase previously associated with Treg homeostasis, was directly transactivated by Pbx1. Our results suggest that the maintenance of Treg cell homeostasis and stability by Pbx1 through cell cycle progression prevent the expansion of inflammatory T cells that otherwise exacerbates lupus progression in the hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Yuk Pheel Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Damian Jimenez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Amanda Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Longhuan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Eric S. Sobel
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yong Ge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
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4
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Crisafulli L, Brindisi M, Liturri MG, Sobacchi C, Ficara F. PBX1: a TALE of two seasons-key roles during development and in cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372873. [PMID: 38404687 PMCID: PMC10884236 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-B cell leukemia factor 1 (PBX1) is a Three Aminoacid Loop Extension (TALE) homeodomain-containing transcription factor playing crucial roles in organ pattering during embryogenesis, through the formation of nuclear complexes with other TALE class and/or homeobox proteins to regulate target genes. Its contribution to the development of several organs has been elucidated mainly through the study of murine knockout models. A crucial role for human development has been recently highlighted through the discovery of different de novo pathogenic PBX1 variants in children affected by developmental defects. In the adult, PBX1 is expressed in selected tissues such as in the brain, in the gastro-intestinal and urinary systems, or in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, while in other organs is barely detectable. When involved in the t(1;19) chromosomal translocation it acts as an oncogene, since the resulting fusion protein drives pre-B cell leukemia, due to the induction of target genes not normally targeted by the native protein. Its aberrant expression has been associated to tumor development, progression, or therapy-resistance as in breast cancer, ovarian cancer or myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). On the other hand, in colorectal cancer PBX1 functions as a tumor suppressor, highlighting its context-dependent role. We here discuss differences and analogies of PBX1 roles during embryonic development and in cancer, focusing mainly on the most recent discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Crisafulli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Brindisi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Sobacchi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ficara
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council, Milan, Italy
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5
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Jia D, Han J, Cai J, Huan Z, Wang Y, Ge X. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing PBX1 alleviates haemorrhagic shock-induced kidney damage by inhibiting NF-κB activation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119571. [PMID: 37673222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have favourable outcomes in the treatment of kidney diseases. Pre-B-cell leukaemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1) has been reported to be a regulator of self-renewal of stem cells. Whether PBX1 is beneficial to MSCs in the treatment of haemorrhagic shock (HS)-induced kidney damage is unknown. We overexpressed PBX1 in rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to treat rats with HS and hypoxia-treated human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2), respectively. The results indicated that PBX1 enhanced the homing capacity of rBMSCs to kidney tissues and that treatment with rBMSCs overexpressing PBX1 improved the indicators of kidney function, alleviated structural damage to kidney tissues. Furthermore, administration with rBMSCs overexpressing PBX1 inhibited HS-induced NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and the release of proinflammatory cytokines, and further attenuated apoptosis. We then determined whether NF-κB, an important factor in NLRP3 activation and the regulation of inflammation, participates in HS-induced kidney damage, and we found that rBMSCs overexpressing PBX1 inhibited NF-κB activation by decreasing the p-IκBα/IκBα and p-p65/p65 ratios and inhibiting the nuclear translocation and decreasing the DNA-binding capacity of NF-κB. hBMSCs overexpressing PBX1 also exhibited protective effects on HK-2 cells exposed to hypoxia, as shown by the increase in cell viability, the mitigation of apoptosis, the decrease in inflammation, and the inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our study demonstrates that MSCs overexpressing PBX1 ameliorates HS-induced kidney damage by inhibiting NF-κB pathway-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Huan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China; Orthopedic Institution of Wuxi City, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Roach T, Park YP, Choi SC, Morel L. Regulation of the STAT3 pathway by lupus susceptibility gene Pbx1 in T cells. Mol Immunol 2024; 165:1-10. [PMID: 38056350 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which poorly characterized genetic factors lead to the production of proinflammatory or autoreactive T cells. Pre-B cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) is a transcription factor whose dominant negative isoform (PBX1-D) is overexpressed in the CD4+ T cells of SLE patients and lupus-prone mice. Pbx1-D overexpression favors the expansion of proinflammatory T cells and impairs regulatory T (Treg) cell development. Here we show that Pbx1 deficiency and Pbx1-D overexpression decreased STAT3 expression and activation in T cells. Accordingly, Pbx1 deficiency in T cells and Pbx1-D overexpression reduced STAT3-dependent TH17 cell polarization in vitro, but it had no effect in vivo at steady state. STAT3-dependent follicular helper T (TFH) cell polarization in vitro and splenic TFH cell frequency were not affected by either Pbx1 deficiency or Pbx1-D overexpression. Pbx1 deficiency also increased the expression of cell cycle arrest and pro-apoptotic genes, with an increased apoptosis in T cells. Our results suggest a complex interplay between PBX1 and STAT3, which may contribute to lupus pathogenesis through dysregulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0275, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Yuk Pheel Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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7
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Edwards CL, Engel JA, de Labastida Rivera F, Ng SS, Corvino D, Montes de Oca M, Frame TC, Chauhan SB, Singh SS, Kumar A, Wang Y, Na J, Mukhopadhyay P, Lee JS, Nylen S, Sundar S, Kumar R, Engwerda CR. A molecular signature for IL-10-producing Th1 cells in protozoan parasitic diseases. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169362. [PMID: 37917177 PMCID: PMC10807716 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) depends on proinflammatory Th1 cells that activate infected tissue macrophages to kill resident intracellular parasites. However, proinflammatory cytokines produced by Th1 cells can damage tissues and require tight regulation. Th1 cell IL-10 production is an important cell-autologous mechanism to prevent such damage. However, IL-10-producing Th1 (type 1 regulatory; Tr1) cells can also delay control of parasites and the generation of immunity following drug treatment or vaccination. To identify molecules to target in order to alter the balance between Th1 and Tr1 cells for improved antiparasitic immunity, we compared the molecular and phenotypic profiles of Th1 and Tr1 cells in experimental VL caused by Leishmania donovani infection of C57BL/6J mice. We also identified a shared Tr1 cell protozoan signature by comparing the transcriptional profiles of Tr1 cells from mice with experimental VL and malaria. We identified LAG3 as an important coinhibitory receptor in patients with VL and experimental VL, and we reveal tissue-specific heterogeneity of coinhibitory receptor expression by Tr1 cells. We also discovered a role for the transcription factor Pbx1 in suppressing CD4+ T cell cytokine production. This work provides insights into the development and function of CD4+ T cells during protozoan parasitic infections and identifies key immunoregulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Teija C.M. Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Awnish Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jason S. Lee
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanne Nylen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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8
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Xu H, Tan S, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Cao W, Li X, Tian J, Wang X, Li X, Wang F, Cao J, Zhao T. Lin - PU.1 dim GATA-1 - defines haematopoietic stem cells with long-term multilineage reconstitution activity. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13490. [PMID: 37147872 PMCID: PMC10623959 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive characterization of the state and function of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the use of transcription factors to define the HSC population is still limited. We show here that the HSC population in mouse bone marrow can be defined by the distinct expression levels of Spi1 and Gata1. By using a double fluorescence knock-in mouse model, PGdKI, in which the expression levels of PU.1 and GATA-1 are indicated by the expression of GFP and mCherry, respectively, we uncover that the HSCs with lymphoid and myeloid repopulating activity are specifically enriched in a Lin- PU.1dim GATA-1- (LPG) cell subset. In vivo competitive repopulation assays demonstrate that bone marrow cells gated by LPG exhibit haematopoietic reconstitution activity which is comparable to that of classical Lin- Sca1+ c-kit+ (LSK). The integrated analysis of single-cell RNA sequence data from LPG and LSK-gated cells reveals that a transcriptional network governed by core TFs contributes to regulation of HSC multipotency. These discoveries provide new clues for HSC characterization and functional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shaojing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Weiyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jiayi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS)BeijingChina
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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9
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Ng A, Lovat F, Shih AJ, Ma Y, Pekarsky Y, DiCaro F, Crichton L, Sharma E, Yan XJ, Sun D, Song T, Zou YR, Will B, Croce CM, Chiorazzi N. Complete miRNA-15/16 loss in mice promotes hematopoietic progenitor expansion and a myeloid-biased hyperproliferative state. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308658120. [PMID: 37844234 PMCID: PMC10614620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308658120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated apoptosis and proliferation are fundamental properties of cancer, and microRNAs (miRNA) are critical regulators of these processes. Loss of miR-15a/16-1 at chromosome 13q14 is the most common genomic aberration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Correspondingly, the deletion of either murine miR-15a/16-1 or miR-15b/16-2 locus in mice is linked to B cell lymphoproliferative malignancies. However, unexpectedly, when both miR-15/16 clusters are eliminated, most double knockout (DKO) mice develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, in patients with CLL, significantly reduced expression of miR-15a, miR-15b, and miR-16 associates with progression of myelodysplastic syndrome to AML, as well as blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia. Thus, the miR-15/16 clusters have a biological relevance for myeloid neoplasms. Here, we demonstrate that the myeloproliferative phenotype in DKO mice correlates with an increase of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) early in life. Using single-cell transcriptomic analyses, we presented the molecular underpinning of increased myeloid output in the HSPC of DKO mice with gene signatures suggestive of dysregulated hematopoiesis, metabolic activities, and cell cycle stages. Functionally, we found that multipotent progenitors (MPP) of DKO mice have increased self-renewing capacities and give rise to significantly more progeny in the granulocytic compartment. Moreover, a unique transcriptomic signature of DKO MPP correlates with poor outcome in patients with AML. Together, these data point to a unique regulatory role for miR-15/16 during the early stages of hematopoiesis and to a potentially useful biomarker for the pathogenesis of myeloid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ng
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Francesca Lovat
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Andrew J. Shih
- Boas Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Yuri Pekarsky
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Frank DiCaro
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Lita Crichton
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Esha Sharma
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Xiao Jie Yan
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Daqian Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Tengfei Song
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yong-Rui Zou
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
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10
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Park YP, Roach T, Soh S, Zeumer-Spataro L, Choi SC, Ostrov DA, Yang Y, Morel L. Molecular Mechanisms of Lupus Susceptibility Allele PBX1D. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:727-734. [PMID: 37486226 PMCID: PMC10530199 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Pre-B cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) controls chromatin accessibility to a large number of genes in various cell types. Its dominant negative splice isoform, PBX1D, which lacks the DNA and Hox-binding domains, is expressed more frequently in the CD4+ T cells from lupus-prone mice and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than healthy control subjects. PBX1D overexpression in CD4+ T cells impaired regulatory T cell homeostasis and expanded inflammatory CD4+ T cells. In this study, we showed that PBX1 message expression is downregulated by activation in CD4+ T cells as well as in B cells. PBX1D protein was less stable than the normal isoform, PBX1B, and it is degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent pathway. The DNA binding domain lacking in PBX1D has two putative ubiquitin binding sites, K292 and K293, that are predicted to be in direct contact with DNA. Mutation of K292-293 reduced PBX1B stability to a level similar to PBX1D and abrogated DNA binding. In addition, contrary to PBX1B, PBX1D is retained in the cytoplasm without the help of the cofactors MEIS or PREP1, indicating a different requirement for nuclear translocation. Overall, these findings suggest that multiple post-transcriptional mechanisms are responsible for PBX1D loss of function and induction of CD4+ T cell inflammatory phenotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Pheel Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - Sujung Soh
- Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, 100 Cheongparo 47-gil, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 04310, South Korea, USA
| | - Leilani Zeumer-Spataro
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - David A. Ostrov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - Young Yang
- Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, 100 Cheongparo 47-gil, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 04310, South Korea, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
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11
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Favaro P, Glass DR, Borges L, Baskar R, Reynolds W, Ho D, Bruce T, Tebaykin D, Scanlon VM, Shestopalov I, Bendall SC. Unravelling human hematopoietic progenitor cell diversity through association with intrinsic regulatory factors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.30.555623. [PMID: 37693547 PMCID: PMC10491219 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.555623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation is an essential therapy for hematological conditions, but finer definitions of human HSPC subsets with associated function could enable better tuning of grafts and more routine, lower-risk application. To deeply phenotype HSPCs, following a screen of 328 antigens, we quantified 41 surface proteins and functional regulators on millions of CD34+ and CD34- cells, spanning four primary human hematopoietic tissues: bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, cord blood, and fetal liver. We propose more granular definitions of HSPC subsets and provide new, detailed differentiation trajectories of erythroid and myeloid lineages. These aspects of our revised human hematopoietic model were validated with corresponding epigenetic analysis and in vitro clonal differentiation assays. Overall, we demonstrate the utility of using molecular regulators as surrogates for cellular identity and functional potential, providing a framework for description, prospective isolation, and cross-tissue comparison of HSPCs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Favaro
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
- These authors contributed equally
| | - David R. Glass
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
- Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University
- Present address: Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Luciene Borges
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
- Present address: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Reema Baskar
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
- Present address: Genome Institute of Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Ho
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
| | | | | | - Vanessa M. Scanlon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine
- Present address: Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, University of Connecticut Health
| | | | - Sean C. Bendall
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University
- Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University
- Lead author
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12
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Ennis S, Conforte A, O’Reilly E, Takanlu JS, Cichocka T, Dhami SP, Nicholson P, Krebs P, Ó Broin P, Szegezdi E. Cell-cell interactome of the hematopoietic niche and its changes in acute myeloid leukemia. iScience 2023; 26:106943. [PMID: 37332612 PMCID: PMC10275994 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is a complex microenvironment, coordinating the production of billions of blood cells every day. Despite its essential role and its relevance to hematopoietic diseases, this environment remains poorly characterized. Here we present a high-resolution characterization of the niche in health and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by establishing a single-cell gene expression database of 339,381 BM cells. We found significant changes in cell type proportions and gene expression in AML, indicating that the entire niche is disrupted. We then predicted interactions between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and other BM cell types, revealing a remarkable expansion of predicted interactions in AML that promote HSPC-cell adhesion, immunosuppression, and cytokine signaling. In particular, predicted interactions involving transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) become widespread, and we show that this can drive AML cell quiescence in vitro. Our results highlight potential mechanisms of enhanced AML-HSPC competitiveness and a skewed microenvironment, fostering AML growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ennis
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Galway, Ireland
- Discipline of Bioinformatics, School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Alessandra Conforte
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Eimear O’Reilly
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Javid Sabour Takanlu
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Tatiana Cichocka
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Sukhraj Pal Dhami
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Pamela Nicholson
- Next Generation Sequencing Platform, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pilib Ó Broin
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Galway, Ireland
- Discipline of Bioinformatics, School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Eva Szegezdi
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Galway, Ireland
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
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13
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Zhao HG, Deininger M. Always stressed but never exhausted: how stem cells in myeloid neoplasms avoid extinction in inflammatory conditions. Blood 2023; 141:2797-2812. [PMID: 36947811 PMCID: PMC10315634 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic or recurrent episodes of acute inflammation cause attrition of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that can lead to hematopoietic failure but they drive progression in myeloid malignancies and their precursor clonal hematopoiesis. Mechanistic parallels exist between hematopoiesis in chronic inflammation and the continuously increased proliferation of myeloid malignancies, particularly myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The ability to enter dormancy, a state of deep quiescence characterized by low oxidative phosphorylation, low glycolysis, reduced protein synthesis, and increased autophagy is central to the preservation of long-term HSCs and likely MPN SCs. The metabolic features of dormancy resemble those of diapause, a state of arrested embryonic development triggered by adverse environmental conditions. To outcompete their normal counterparts in the inflammatory MPN environment, MPN SCs co-opt mechanisms used by HSCs to avoid exhaustion, including signal attenuation by negative regulators, insulation from activating cytokine signals, anti-inflammatory signaling, and epigenetic reprogramming. We propose that new therapeutic strategies may be derived from conceptualizing myeloid malignancies as an ecosystem out of balance, in which residual normal and malignant hematopoietic cells interact in multiple ways, only few of which have been characterized in detail. Disrupting MPN SC insulation to overcome dormancy, interfering with aberrant cytokine circuits that favor MPN cells, and directly boosting residual normal HSCs are potential strategies to tip the balance in favor of normal hematopoiesis. Although eradicating the malignant cell clones remains the goal of therapy, rebalancing the ecosystem may be a more attainable objective in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Gary Zhao
- Versiti Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael Deininger
- Versiti Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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14
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Turkalj S, Jakobsen NA, Groom A, Metzner M, Riva SG, Gür ER, Usukhbayar B, Salazar MA, Hentges LD, Mickute G, Clark K, Sopp P, Davies JOJ, Hughes JR, Vyas P. GTAC enables parallel genotyping of multiple genomic loci with chromatin accessibility profiling in single cells. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:722-740.e11. [PMID: 37146586 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding clonal evolution and cancer development requires experimental approaches for characterizing the consequences of somatic mutations on gene regulation. However, no methods currently exist that efficiently link high-content chromatin accessibility with high-confidence genotyping in single cells. To address this, we developed Genotyping with the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin (GTAC), enabling accurate mutation detection at multiple amplified loci, coupled with robust chromatin accessibility readout. We applied GTAC to primary acute myeloid leukemia, obtaining high-quality chromatin accessibility profiles and clonal identities for multiple mutations in 88% of cells. We traced chromatin variation throughout clonal evolution, showing the restriction of different clones to distinct differentiation stages. Furthermore, we identified switches in transcription factor motif accessibility associated with a specific combination of driver mutations, which biased transformed progenitors toward a leukemia stem cell-like chromatin state. GTAC is a powerful tool to study clonal heterogeneity across a wide spectrum of pre-malignant and neoplastic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Turkalj
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Niels Asger Jakobsen
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Angus Groom
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Marlen Metzner
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Simone G Riva
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Ravza Gür
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Batchimeg Usukhbayar
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Mirian Angulo Salazar
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Lance D Hentges
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gerda Mickute
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Clark
- Flow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Sopp
- Flow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James O J Davies
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jim R Hughes
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
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15
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Hu M, Chen N, Chen M, Chen F, Lu Y, Xu Y, Yang L, Zeng H, Shen M, Chen X, Chen S, Wang F, Wang S, Wang J. Transcription factor Nkx2-3 maintains the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells by regulating mitophagy. Leukemia 2023:10.1038/s41375-023-01907-y. [PMID: 37095209 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01907-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside at the top of the hematopoietic hierarchy, exhibiting a unique capacity to self-renew and differentiate into all blood cells throughout the lifetime. However, how to prevent HSC exhaustion during long-term hematopoietic output is not fully understood. Here, we show that the homeobox transcription factor Nkx2-3 is required for HSC self-renewal by preserving metabolic fitness. We found that Nkx2-3 is preferentially expressed in HSCs with excessive regenerative potential. Mice with conditional deletion of Nkx2-3 displayed a reduced HSC pool and long-term repopulating capacity as well as increased sensitivity to irradiation and 5-flurouracil treatment due to impaired HSC quiescence. In contrast, overexpression of Nkx2-3 improved HSC function both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that Nkx2-3 can directly control the transcription of the critical mitophagy regulator ULK1, which is essential for sustaining metabolic homeostasis in HSCs by clearing activated mitochondria. More importantly, a similar regulatory role of NKX2-3 was observed in human cord blood-derived HSCs. In conclusion, our data demonstrate an important role of the Nkx2-3/ULK1/mitophagy axis in regulating the self-renewal of HSCs, therefore providing a promising strategy to improve the function of HSCs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yukai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liangping District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Chongqing, 405200, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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16
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Zou F, Liu M, Sui Y, Liu J. Comprehensive overview of the role of PBX1 in mammalian kidneys. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1106370. [PMID: 37006624 PMCID: PMC10063971 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1106370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox transcription factor 1 (PBX1) is a member of the TALE (three-amino acid loop extension) family and functions as a homeodomain transcription factor (TF). When dimerized with other TALE proteins, it can act as a pioneer factor and provide regulatory sequences via interaction with partners. In vertebrates, PBX1 is expressed during the blastula stage, and its germline variations in humans are interrelated with syndromic anomalies of the kidney, which plays an important role in hematopoiesis and immunity among vertebrates. Herein, we summarize the existing data on PBX1 functions and the impact of PBX1 on renal tumors, PBX1-deficient animal models, and blood vessels in mammalian kidneys. The data indicated that the interaction of PBX1 with different partners such as the HOX genes is responsible for abnormal proliferation and variation of the embryonic mesenchyme, while truncating variants were shown to cause milder phenotypes (mostly cryptorchidism and deafness). Although such interactions have been identified to be the cause of many defects in mammals, some phenotypic variations are yet to be understood. Thus, further research on the TALE family is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutong Sui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jinyu Liu,
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17
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Kobayashi M, Wei H, Yamanashi T, Azevedo Portilho N, Cornelius S, Valiente N, Nishida C, Cheng H, Latorre A, Zheng WJ, Kang J, Seita J, Shih DJ, Wu JQ, Yoshimoto M. HSC-independent definitive hematopoiesis persists into adult life. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112239. [PMID: 36906851 PMCID: PMC10122268 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that hematopoiesis after birth is established by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow and that HSC-independent hematopoiesis is limited only to primitive erythro-myeloid cells and tissue-resident innate immune cells arising in the embryo. Here, surprisingly, we find that significant percentages of lymphocytes are not derived from HSCs, even in 1-year-old mice. Instead, multiple waves of hematopoiesis occur from embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) to E11.5 endothelial cells, which simultaneously produce HSCs and lymphoid progenitors that constitute many layers of adaptive T and B lymphocytes in adult mice. Additionally, HSC lineage tracing reveals that the contribution of fetal liver HSCs to peritoneal B-1a cells is minimal and that the majority of B-1a cells are HSC independent. Our discovery of extensive HSC-independent lymphocytes in adult mice attests to the complex blood developmental dynamics spanning the embryo-to-adult transition and challenges the paradigm of HSCs exclusively underpinning the postnatal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Kobayashi
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haichao Wei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Takashi Yamanashi
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nathalia Azevedo Portilho
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samuel Cornelius
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Noemi Valiente
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chika Nishida
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haizi Cheng
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Augusto Latorre
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - W Jim Zheng
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joonsoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jun Seita
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - David J Shih
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Qian Wu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Chen H, Yu Z, Niu Y, Wang L, Xu K, Liu J. Research progress of PBX1 in developmental and regenerative medicine. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:225-231. [PMID: 36794159 PMCID: PMC9925990 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1) proteins are a subfamily of evolutionarily conserved atypical homeodomain transcription factors belonging to the superfamily of triple amino acid loop extension homeodomain proteins. PBX family members play crucial roles in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes. This article reviews the research progress on PBX1 in terms of structure, developmental function, and regenerative medicine. The potential mechanisms of development and research targets in regenerative medicine are also summarized. It also suggests a possible link between PBX1 in the two domains, which is expected to open up a new field for future exploration of cell homeostasis, as well as the regulation of endogenous danger signals. This would provide a new target for the study of diseases in various systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Avenue Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhuyuan Yu
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Avenue Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ye Niu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Litian Wang
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Avenue Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Avenue Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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López DA, Apostol AC, Lebish EJ, Valencia CH, Romero-Mulero MC, Pavlovich PV, Hernandez GE, Forsberg EC, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Beaudin AE. Prenatal inflammation perturbs murine fetal hematopoietic development and causes persistent changes to postnatal immunity. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111677. [PMID: 36417858 PMCID: PMC10184520 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond directly to inflammation and infection, causing both acute and persistent changes to quiescence, mobilization, and differentiation. Here we show that murine fetal HSPCs respond to prenatal inflammation in utero and that the fetal response shapes postnatal hematopoiesis and immune cell function. Heterogeneous fetal HSPCs show divergent responses to maternal immune activation (MIA), including changes in quiescence, expansion, and lineage-biased output. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of fetal HSPCs in response to MIA reveals specific upregulation of inflammatory gene profiles in discrete, transient hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) populations that propagate expansion of lymphoid-biased progenitors. Beyond fetal development, MIA causes the inappropriate expansion and persistence of fetal lymphoid-biased progenitors postnatally, concomitant with increased cellularity and hyperresponsiveness of fetal-derived innate-like lymphocytes. Our investigation demonstrates how inflammation in utero can direct the output and function of fetal-derived immune cells by reshaping fetal HSC establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A López
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - April C Apostol
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Lebish
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Clint H Valencia
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Polina V Pavlovich
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gloria E Hernandez
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Camilla Forsberg
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Anna E Beaudin
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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20
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Cell-intrinsic factors governing quiescence vis-à-vis activation of adult hematopoietic stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:1361-1382. [PMID: 36309884 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a highly complex process, regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Often, these two regulatory arms work in tandem to maintain the steady-state condition of hematopoiesis. However, at times, certain intrinsic attributes of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) override the external stimuli and dominate the outcome. These could be genetic events like mutations or environmentally induced epigenetic or transcriptomic changes. Since leukemic stem cells (LSCs) share molecular pathways that also regulate normal HSCs, identifying specific, dominantly acting intrinsic factors could help in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Here we have reviewed such dominantly acting intrinsic factors governing quiescence vis-à-vis activation of the HSCs in the face of external forces acting on them. For brevity, we have restricted our review to the articles dealing with adult HSCs of human and mouse origin that have been published in the last 10 years. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are closely associated with various stromal cells in their microenvironment and, thus, constantly receive signaling cues from them. The illustration depicts some dominantly acting intrinsic or cell-autonomous factors operative in the HSCs. These fall into various categories, such as epigenetic regulators, transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, tumor suppressor genes, signaling pathways, and metabolic regulators, which counteract the outcome of extrinsic signaling exerted by the HSC niche.
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21
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Babina M, Franke K, Bal G. How "Neuronal" Are Human Skin Mast Cells? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810871. [PMID: 36142795 PMCID: PMC9505265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are evolutionarily old cells and the principal effectors in allergic responses and inflammation. They are seeded from the yolk sac during embryogenesis or are derived from hematopoietic progenitors and are therefore related to other leukocyte subsets, even though they form a separate clade in the hematopoietic system. Herein, we systematically bundle information from several recent high-throughput endeavors, especially those comparing MCs with other cell types, and combine such information with knowledge on the genes’ functions to reveal groups of neuronal markers specifically expressed by MCs. We focus on recent advances made regarding human tissue MCs, but also refer to studies in mice. In broad terms, genes hyper-expressed in MCs, but largely inactive in other myelocytes, can be classified into subcategories such as traffic/lysosomes (MLPH and RAB27B), the dopamine system (MAOB, DRD2, SLC6A3, and SLC18A2), Ca2+-related entities (CALB2), adhesion molecules (L1CAM and NTM) and, as an overall principle, the transcription factors and modulators of transcriptional activity (LMO4, PBX1, MEIS2, and EHMT2). Their function in MCs is generally unknown but may tentatively be deduced by comparison with other systems. MCs share functions with the nervous system, as they express typical neurotransmitters (histamine and serotonin) and a degranulation machinery that shares features with the neuronal apparatus at the synapse. Therefore, selective overlaps are plausible, and they further highlight the uniqueness of MCs within the myeloid system, as well as when compared with basophils. Apart from investigating their functional implications in MCs, a key question is whether their expression in the lineage is due to the specific reactivation of genes normally silenced in leukocytes or whether the genes are not switched off during mastocytic development from early progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Babina
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Kristin Franke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gürkan Bal
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Ruscitti F, Cerminara M, Iascone M, Pezzoli L, Rosti G, Romano F, Ronchetto P, Martucciello G, Buratti S, Buffelli F, Bocciardi R, Puliti A, Divizia MT. An example of parenchymal renal sparing in the context of complex malformations due to a novel mutation in the PBX1 gene. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:674-681. [PMID: 35751431 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PBX1 encodes the pre-B cell leukemia factor 1, a Three Amino acid Loop Extension (TALE) transcription factor crucial to regulate basic developmental processes. PBX1 loss-of-function variants have been initially described in association with renal malformations in both isolated and syndromic forms. CASE REPORT Herein, we report a male infant presenting multiple organ malformations (cleidosternal dysostosis, micrognathia, left lung hypoplasia, wide interatrial defect, pulmonary hypertension, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, intestinal malrotation) and carrying the heterozygous de novo c.868C > T (p.Arg290Trp) variant in PBX1. This novel variant affects the highly conserved homeodomain of the protein, leading to a non-conservative substitution and consequently altering its tridimensional structure and DNA-binding capacity. CONCLUSION So far, PBX1 has been reported in association with a broad spectrum of renal anomalies. However, given the role of this gene in many different developing processes, whole-exome sequencing can detect mutations in PBX1 even in patients with different phenotypes, not necessarily involving the renal primordium. This report presents a novel PBX1 variant with a predicted strong deleterious effect. The mutation leads to a non-conservative substitution in a very highly conserved domain of the protein, thus altering its tertiary structure and DNA-binding capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Cerminara
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Iascone
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Pezzoli
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Rosti
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Ronchetto
- UOC Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martucciello
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Buratti
- UOC Terapia Intensiva Neonatale e Pediatrica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Buffelli
- Fetal-Perinatal Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Epigenetic modifier SMCHD1 maintains a normal pool of long-term hematopoietic stem cells. iScience 2022; 25:104684. [PMID: 35856023 PMCID: PMC9287190 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SMCHD1 (structural maintenance of chromosomes hinge domain containing 1) is a noncanonical SMC protein that mediates long-range repressive chromatin structures. SMCHD1 is required for X chromosome inactivation in female cells and repression of imprinted and clustered autosomal genes, with SMCHD1 mutations linked to human diseases facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and bosma arhinia and micropthalmia syndrome (BAMS). We used a conditional mouse model to investigate SMCHD1 in hematopoiesis. Smchd1-deleted mice maintained steady-state hematopoiesis despite showing an impaired reconstitution capacity in competitive bone marrow transplantations and age-related hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) loss. This phenotype was more pronounced in Smchd1-deleted females, which showed a loss of quiescent HSCs and fewer B cells. Gene expression profiling of Smchd1-deficient HSCs and B cells revealed known and cell-type-specific SMCHD1-sensitive genes and significant disruption to X-linked gene expression in female cells. These data show SMCHD1 is a regulator of HSCs whose effects are more profound in females. SMCHD1 is not required to maintain steady-state hematopoiesis Smchd1-deletion leads to loss of adult hematopoietic stem cells Smchd1-deleted female mice are more severely affected than males SMCHD1 maintains cellular quiescence in female hematopoietic stem cells
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24
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ADIMY MOSTAFA, CHEKROUN ABDENNASSER, EL ABDLLAOUI ABDERRAHIM, MARZORATI ARSÈNE. DISCRETE MATURITY AND DELAY DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE MODEL OF HEMATOPOIETIC CELL DYNAMICS WITH APPLICATIONS TO ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA. J BIOL SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218339022500176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, many efforts were oriented towards describing the hematopoiesis phenomenon in normal and pathological situations. This complex biological process is organized as a hierarchical system that begins with primitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and ends with mature blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Regarding acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a cancer of the bone marrow and blood, characterized by a rapid proliferation of immature cells, which eventually invade the bloodstream, there is a consensus about the target cells during the HSCs development which are susceptible to leukemic transformation. We propose and analyze a mathematical model of HSC dynamics taking into account two phases in the cell cycle, a resting and a proliferating one, by allowing just after division a part of HSCs to enter the resting phase and the other part to come back to the proliferating phase to divide again. The resulting mathematical model is a system of nonlinear differential-difference equations. Due to the hierarchical organization of the hematopoiesis, we consider [Formula: see text] stages of HSCs characterized by their maturity levels. We obtain a system of [Formula: see text] nonlinear differential-difference equations. We study the existence, uniqueness, positivity, boundedness and unboundedness of the solutions. We then investigate the existence of positive and axial steady states for the system, and obtain conditions for their stability. Sufficient conditions for the global asymptotic stability of the trivial steady state as well as conditions for its instability are obtained. Using neutral differential equation associated to the differential-difference system, we also obtain results on the local asymptotic stability of the positive steady state. Numerical simulations are carried out to show the influence of variations of the differentiation rates and self-renewal coefficients of the HSCs on the behavior of the system. In particular, we show that a blocking of differentiation at an early stage of HSC development can lead in an overexpression of very immature cells. Such situation corresponds to the observation in the case of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- MOSTAFA ADIMY
- Inria, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5208, Institut Camille Jordan, 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69200 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - ABDENNASSER CHEKROUN
- Laboratoire d’Analyse Nonlinéaire et Mathématiques Appliquées, University of Tlemcen Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - ABDERRAHIM EL ABDLLAOUI
- Laboratory of Mathematics, Computer Science and Applications, Security of Information Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - ARSÈNE MARZORATI
- Inria, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5208, Institut Camille Jordan, 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69200 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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25
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Roach T, Morel L. Genetic Variations Controlling Regulatory T Cell Development and Activity in Mouse Models of Lupus-Like Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:887489. [PMID: 35693798 PMCID: PMC9178176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.887489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is a constant balancing act between effector T cells and regulatory T cells defined by Foxp3 expression, the transcription factor that drives their differentiation and immunosuppressive activity. Immune homeostasis is altered when Treg cells are not generated or maintained in sufficient numbers. Treg cells rendered unstable by loss of Foxp3 expression, known as ex-Treg cells, gain pro-inflammatory functions. Treg cells may also become dysfunctional and lose their suppressive capabilities. These alterations can cause an imbalance between effector and regulatory subsets, which may ultimately lead to autoimmunity. This review discusses recent studies that identified genetic factors that maintain Treg cell stability as well as preserve their suppressive function. We focus on studies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and highlight their findings in the context of potential therapeutic gene targeting in Treg cells to reverse the phenotypic changes and functional dysregulation inducing autoimmunity.
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26
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Chen Z, Guo Q, Song G, Hou Y. Molecular regulation of hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:218. [PMID: 35357574 PMCID: PMC11072845 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are primarily dormant in a cell-cycle quiescence state to preserve their self-renewal capacity and long-term maintenance, which is essential for the homeostasis of hematopoietic system. Dysregulation of quiescence causes HSC dysfunction and may result in aberrant hematopoiesis (e.g., myelodysplastic syndrome and bone marrow failure syndromes) and leukemia transformation. Accumulating evidence indicates that both intrinsic molecular networks and extrinsic signals regulate HSC quiescence, including cell-cycle regulators, transcription factors, epigenetic factors, and niche factors. Further, the transition between quiescence and activation of HSCs is a continuous developmental path driven by cell metabolism (e.g., protein synthesis, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and autophagy). Elucidating the complex regulatory networks of HSC quiescence will expand the knowledge of HSC hemostasis and benefit for clinical HSC use. Here, we review the current understanding and progression on the molecular and metabolic regulation of HSC quiescence, providing a more complete picture regarding the mechanisms of HSC quiescence maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yu Hou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Mayer IM, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Sexl V, Doma E. Isolation, Maintenance and Expansion of Adult Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells and Leukemic Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071723. [PMID: 35406494 PMCID: PMC8996967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transplantation of adult hematopoietic stem cells is an important therapeutic tool to help patients suffering from diverse hematological disorders. All types of blood cells can develop from a single hematopoietic stem cell underlining their enormous potential. Intense efforts are ongoing to generate “engraftable” human hematopoietic stem cells to treat hematopoietic diseases and to understand the molecular machinery driving them. Leukemic stem cells represent a low frequency subpopulation of leukemia cells that possess stem cell properties. They can instigate, maintain, and serially propagate leukemia in vivo, while they retain the capacity to differentiate into committed progenitors. Leukemic stem cells are unaffected by many therapeutic strategies and represent the major cause of relapse. We here describe all methods to maintain and expand murine and human hematopoietic cells in culture and describe their specific advantages. These methods are also employed to understand the biology of leukemic stem cells and to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are rare, self-renewing cells that perch on top of the hematopoietic tree. The HSCs ensure the constant supply of mature blood cells in a tightly regulated process producing peripheral blood cells. Intense efforts are ongoing to optimize HSC engraftment as therapeutic strategy to treat patients suffering from hematopoietic diseases. Preclinical research paves the way by developing methods to maintain, manipulate and expand HSCs ex vivo to understand their regulation and molecular make-up. The generation of a sufficient number of transplantable HSCs is the Holy Grail for clinical therapy. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are characterized by their acquired stem cell characteristics and are responsible for disease initiation, progression, and relapse. We summarize efforts, that have been undertaken to increase the number of long-term (LT)-HSCs and to prevent differentiation towards committed progenitors in ex vivo culture. We provide an overview and compare methods currently available to isolate, maintain and enrich HSC subsets, progenitors and LSCs and discuss their individual advantages and drawbacks.
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28
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Mann Z, Sengar M, Verma YK, Rajalingam R, Raghav PK. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Factors: Their Functional Role in Self-Renewal and Clinical Aspects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:664261. [PMID: 35399522 PMCID: PMC8987924 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.664261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess two important properties such as self-renewal and differentiation. These properties of HSCs are maintained through hematopoiesis. This process gives rise to two subpopulations, long-term and short-term HSCs, which have become a popular convention for treating various hematological disorders. The clinical application of HSCs is bone marrow transplant in patients with aplastic anemia, congenital neutropenia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, or replacement of damaged bone marrow in case of chemotherapy. The self-renewal attribute of HSCs ensures long-term hematopoiesis post-transplantation. However, HSCs need to be infused in large numbers to reach their target site and meet the demands since they lose their self-renewal capacity after a few passages. Therefore, a more in-depth understanding of ex vivo HSCs expansion needs to be developed to delineate ways to enhance the self-renewability of isolated HSCs. The multifaceted self-renewal process is regulated by factors, including transcription factors, miRNAs, and the bone marrow niche. A developed classical hierarchical model that outlines the hematopoiesis in a lineage-specific manner through in vivo fate mapping, barcoding, and determination of self-renewal regulatory factors are still to be explored in more detail. Thus, an in-depth study of the self-renewal property of HSCs is essentially required to be utilized for ex vivo expansion. This review primarily focuses on the Hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal pathway and evaluates the regulatory molecular factors involved in considering a targeted clinical approach in numerous malignancies and outlining gaps in the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Mann
- Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Sengar
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Verma
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Delhi, India
| | - Raja Rajalingam
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pawan Kumar Raghav
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Pawan Kumar Raghav, ,
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29
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Hadland B, Varnum-Finney B, Dozono S, Dignum T, Nourigat-McKay C, Heck AM, Ishida T, Jackson DL, Itkin T, Butler JM, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID. Engineering a niche supporting hematopoietic stem cell development using integrated single-cell transcriptomics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1584. [PMID: 35332125 PMCID: PMC8948249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelium within embryonic arterial vessels such as the aorta of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (AGM). To identify the signals responsible for HSC formation, here we use single cell RNA-sequencing to simultaneously analyze the transcriptional profiles of AGM-derived cells transitioning from hemogenic endothelium to HSCs, and AGM-derived endothelial cells which provide signals sufficient to support HSC maturation and self-renewal. Pseudotemporal ordering reveals dynamics of gene expression during the hemogenic endothelium to HSC transition, identifying surface receptors specifically expressed on developing HSCs. Transcriptional profiling of niche endothelial cells identifies corresponding ligands, including those signaling to Notch receptors, VLA-4 integrin, and CXCR4, which, when integrated in an engineered platform, are sufficient to support the generation of engrafting HSCs. These studies provide a transcriptional map of the signaling interactions necessary for the development of HSCs and advance the goal of engineering HSCs for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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30
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Yang Y, Kueh AJ, Grant ZL, Abeysekera W, Garnham AL, Wilcox S, Hyland CD, Di Rago L, Metcalf D, Alexander WS, Coultas L, Smyth GK, Voss AK, Thomas T. The histone lysine acetyltransferase HBO1 (KAT7) regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and self-renewal. Blood 2022; 139:845-858. [PMID: 34724565 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone acetyltransferase HBO1 (MYST2, KAT7) is indispensable for postgastrulation development, histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14Ac), and the expression of embryonic patterning genes. In this study, we report the role of HBO1 in regulating hematopoietic stem cell function in adult hematopoiesis. We used 2 complementary cre-recombinase transgenes to conditionally delete Hbo1 (Mx1-Cre and Rosa26-CreERT2). Hbo1-null mice became moribund due to hematopoietic failure with pancytopenia in the blood and bone marrow 2 to 6 weeks after Hbo1 deletion. Hbo1-deleted bone marrow cells failed to repopulate hemoablated recipients in competitive transplantation experiments. Hbo1 deletion caused a rapid loss of hematopoietic progenitors. The numbers of lineage-restricted progenitors for the erythroid, myeloid, B-, and T-cell lineages were reduced. Loss of HBO1 resulted in an abnormally high rate of recruitment of quiescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the cell cycle. Cycling HSCs produced progenitors at the expense of self-renewal, which led to the exhaustion of the HSC pool. Mechanistically, genes important for HSC functions were downregulated in HSC-enriched cell populations after Hbo1 deletion, including genes essential for HSC quiescence and self-renewal, such as Mpl, Tek(Tie-2), Gfi1b, Egr1, Tal1(Scl), Gata2, Erg, Pbx1, Meis1, and Hox9, as well as genes important for multipotent progenitor cells and lineage-specific progenitor cells, such as Gata1. HBO1 was required for H3K14Ac through the genome and particularly at gene loci required for HSC quiescence and self-renewal. Our data indicate that HBO1 promotes the expression of a transcription factor network essential for HSC maintenance and self-renewal in adult hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Zoe L Grant
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Stephen Wilcox
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
| | - Craig D Hyland
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
| | - Ladina Di Rago
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
| | - Don Metcalf
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Warren S Alexander
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Leigh Coultas
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
| | - Tim Thomas
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; and
- Department of Medical Biology and
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31
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Wang D, Zhao H, Shen Y, Chen Q. A Variety of Nucleic Acid Species Are Sensed by cGAS, Implications for Its Diverse Functions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826880. [PMID: 35185917 PMCID: PMC8854490 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) derived from invading pathogens and induces an interferon response via activation of the key downstream adaptor protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING). This is the most classic biological function of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and is critical for preventing pathogenic microorganism invasion. In addition, cGAS can interact with various types of nucleic acids, including cDNA, DNA : RNA hybrids, and circular RNA, to contribute to a diverse set of biological functions. An increasing number of studies have revealed an important relationship between the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and autophagy, cellular senescence, antitumor immunity, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. This review details the mechanism of action of cGAS as it interacts with different types of nucleic acids, its rich biological functions, and the potential for targeting this pathway to treat various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qi Chen
- *Correspondence: Yangkun Shen, ; Qi Chen,
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32
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Wang Y, Sui Y, Lian A, Han X, Liu F, Zuo K, Liu M, Sun W, Wang Z, Liu Z, Zou F, Lu R, Jin M, Du H, Xu K, Liu X, Liu J. PBX1 Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Apoptosis by Alleviating Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage Instead of Enhancing DNA Damage Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739868. [PMID: 34869323 PMCID: PMC8634257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues and organs undergo structural deterioration and functional decline during aging. DNA damage is considered a major cause of stem cell senescence. Although stem cells develop sophisticated DNA repair systems, when the intrinsic and extrinsic insults exceed the DNA repair capacity, cellular senescence, and age-related diseases inevitably occur. Therefore, the prevention and alleviation of DNA damage is an alternative to DNA repair in attenuating stem cell senescence and preventing age-related diseases. Pre-B-cell leukaemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) participates in maintaining the pluripotency of human embryonic and haematopoietic stem cells. Our recent studies showed that PBX1 promotes hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell (HF-MSC) proliferation, decreases cellular senescence and apoptosis, and enhances induced pluripotent stem cell generation. Whether PBX1 attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage or by enhancing DNA repair remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of PBX1 on the intrinsic ROS or extrinsic H2O2-induced cellular senescence of HF-MSCs. To this end, we generated HF-MSCs overexpressing either PBX1, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, or both. Our results showed that PBX1 overexpression attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage instead of enhancing DNA repair. This is the first study to report that PBX1 attenuates stem cell senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage. It provides new insight into the mechanism of stem cell senescence and lays the foundation for the development of strategies for age-related disease prevention and treatment, and in particular, hair follicle repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutong Sui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Lian
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feilin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Kuiyang Zuo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zinan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rifeng Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minghua Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Du
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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33
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Shen YA, Jung J, Shimberg GD, Hsu FC, Rahmanto YS, Gaillard SL, Hong J, Bosch J, Shih IM, Chuang CM, Wang TL. Development of small molecule inhibitors targeting PBX1 transcription signaling as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy. iScience 2021; 24:103297. [PMID: 34816098 PMCID: PMC8591422 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PBX1 is a transcription factor involved in diverse cellular functions including organ development, stem cell renewal, and tumorigenesis. PBX1 is localized at chr1q23.3, a frequently amplified chromosomal region, and it is overexpressed in many human malignancies. Cancer cells with elevated PBX1 signaling are particularly vulnerable to PBX1 withdrawal. We designed a series of small molecule compounds capable of docking to the interface between PBX1 and its cognate DNA target sequence. Among them, T417 is found to be a lead compound. In cell-based assays, T417 significantly suppressed self-renewal and proliferation of cancer cells expressing high levels of PBX1. T417 also re-sensitized platinum-resistant ovarian tumors to carboplatin. T417 did not affect healthy tissues likely due to their lower PBX1 expression levels. Therefore, targeting PBX-DNA interface can be a promising strategy for treating human tumors reliant on PBX1 for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-An Shen
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin Jung
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey D. Shimberg
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yohan Suryo Rahmanto
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Gaillard
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiaxin Hong
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jürgen Bosch
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy/Immunology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- InterRayBio, LLC, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chi-Mu Chuang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Midwifery and Women Health Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Muggeo S, Crisafulli L, Uva P, Fontana E, Ubezio M, Morenghi E, Colombo FS, Rigoni R, Peano C, Vezzoni P, Della Porta MG, Villa A, Ficara F. PBX1-directed stem cell transcriptional program drives tumor progression in myeloproliferative neoplasm. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2607-2616. [PMID: 34678207 PMCID: PMC8581051 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PBX1 regulates the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and maintains proto-oncogenic transcriptional pathways in early progenitors. Its increased expression was found in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients bearing the JAK2V617F mutation. To investigate if PBX1 contributes to MPN, and to explore its potential as therapeutic target, we generated the JP mouse strain, in which the human JAK2 mutation is induced in the absence of PBX1. Typical MPN features, such as thrombocythemia and granulocytosis, did not develop without PBX1, while erythrocytosis, initially displayed by JP mice, gradually resolved over time; splenic myeloid metaplasia and in vitro cytokine independent growth were absent upon PBX1 inactivation. The aberrant transcriptome in stem/progenitor cells from the MPN model was reverted by the absence of PBX1, demonstrating that PBX1 controls part of the molecular pathways deregulated by the JAK2V617F mutation. Modulation of the PBX1-driven transcriptional program might represent a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Muggeo
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Laura Crisafulli
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Paolo Uva
- CRS4, Science and Technology Park Polaris, Pula (CA), Italy
| | - Elena Fontana
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Marta Ubezio
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morenghi
- Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Simone Colombo
- Flow Cytometry Core, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosita Rigoni
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Genomic Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Vezzoni
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Villa
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ficara
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy; Human Genome and Biomedical Technologies Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
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35
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Biermann M, Reya T. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Regeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 14:cshperspect.a040774. [PMID: 34750175 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration is the remarkable process by which extremely rare, normally inactive cells of the bone marrow can replace an entire organ if called to do so by injury or harnessed by transplantation. HSC research is arguably the first quantitative single-cell science and the foundation of adult stem cell biology. Bone marrow transplant is the oldest and most refined technique of regenerative medicine. Here we review the intertwined history of the discovery of HSCs and bone marrow transplant, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HSC self-renewal, and the use of HSCs and their derivatives for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Biermann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Tannishtha Reya
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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36
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Song J, Zhang Q, Lu B, Gou Z, Wang T, Tang H, Xiang J, Jiang W, Deng X. Case Report: Candidate Genes Associated With Prenatal Ultrasound Anomalies in a Fetus With Prenatally Detected 1q23.3q31.2 Deletion. Front Genet 2021; 12:696624. [PMID: 34630509 PMCID: PMC8496901 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.696624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with deletions involving the long arm of chromosome 1 are rare, and the main aim of this study was to refine the genotype-phenotype correlation. Case Report: In this report, a 28-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 2 para 1, at 25+4 weeks of gestation underwent ultrasound examination in our institute. The ultrasonographic findings of the fetus were as follows: (1) fetal growth restriction; (2) cleft lip and palate; (3) bilateral renal hypoplasia; (4) lateral ventriculomegaly; (5) single umbilical artery; (6) absent stomach; (7) coronary sinus dilatation with persistent left superior vena cava, ventricular septal defect and unroofed coronary sinus syndrome. Chromosomal microarray analysis of amniotic fluid from the fetus revealed a 28.025 Mb deletion in 1q23.3q31.2, spanning from position 164,559,675 to 192,584,768 (hg19). Conclusion: Genotype-phenotype correlation might improve prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with chromosome 1q deletion. PBX1 could be a candidate gene for fetal growth restriction, renal hypoplasia and congenital heart disease. Fetal growth restriction was accompanied by decreased renal volume in the fetus. Combined with ultrasonic examination, the application of chromosomal microarray analysis will provide accurate prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongshan Gou
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuedong Deng
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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37
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Crisafulli L, Ficara F. Micro-RNAs: A safety net to protect hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1693. [PMID: 34532984 PMCID: PMC9285953 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system is sustained over time by a small pool of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). They reside at the apex of a complex hierarchy composed of cells with progressively more restricted lineage potential, regenerative capacity, and with different proliferation characteristics. Like other somatic stem cells, HSCs are endowed with long-term self-renewal and multipotent differentiation ability, to sustain the high turnover of mature cells such as erythrocytes or granulocytes, and to rapidly respond to acute peripheral stresses including bleeding, infections, or inflammation. Maintenance of both attributes over time, and of the proper balance between these opposite features, is crucial to ensure the homeostasis of the hematopoietic system. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally upon binding to specific mRNA targets. In the past 10 years they have emerged as important players for preserving the HSC pool by acting on several biological mechanisms, such as maintenance of the quiescent state while preserving proliferation ability, prevention of apoptosis, premature differentiation, lineage skewing, excessive expansion, or retention within the BM niche. miRNA-mediated posttranscriptional fine-tuning of all these processes constitutes a safety mechanism to protect HSCs, by complementing the action of transcription factors and of other regulators and avoiding unwanted expansion or aplasia. The current knowledge of miRNAs function in different aspects of HSC biology, including consequences of aberrant miRNA expression, will be reviewed; yet unsolved issues will be discussed. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Crisafulli
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ficara
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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38
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Dignum T, Varnum-Finney B, Srivatsan SR, Dozono S, Waltner O, Heck AM, Ishida T, Nourigat-McKay C, Jackson DL, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID, Hadland B. Multipotent progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells arise independently from hemogenic endothelium in the mouse embryo. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109675. [PMID: 34525376 PMCID: PMC8478150 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryogenesis, waves of hematopoietic progenitors develop from hemogenic endothelium (HE) prior to the emergence of self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although previous studies have shown that yolk-sac-derived erythromyeloid progenitors and HSCs emerge from distinct populations of HE, it remains unknown whether the earliest lymphoid-competent progenitors, multipotent progenitors, and HSCs originate from common HE. In this study, we demonstrate by clonal assays and single-cell transcriptomics that rare HE with functional HSC potential in the early murine embryo are distinct from more abundant HE with multilineage hematopoietic potential that fail to generate HSCs. Specifically, HSC-competent HE are characterized by expression of CXCR4 surface marker and by higher expression of genes tied to arterial programs regulating HSC dormancy and self-renewal. Taken together, these findings suggest a revised model of developmental hematopoiesis in which the initial populations of multipotent progenitors and HSCs arise independently from HE with distinct phenotypic and transcriptional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sanjay R Srivatsan
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Olivia Waltner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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39
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Dysregulated hematopoiesis in bone marrow marks severe COVID-19. Cell Discov 2021; 7:60. [PMID: 34349096 PMCID: PMC8335717 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is often indicated by lymphopenia and increased myelopoiesis; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear, especially the alteration of hematopoiesis. It is important to explore to what extent and how hematopoietic stem cells contribute to the impairment of peripheral lymphoid and myeloid compartments in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to assess bone marrow mononuclear cells from COVID-19 patients with peripheral blood mononuclear cells as control. The results showed that the hematopoietic stem cells in these patients were mainly in the G1 phase and prone to apoptosis, with immune activation and anti-viral responses. Importantly, a significant accumulation of immature myeloid progenitors and a dramatic reduction of lymphoid progenitors in severe cases were identified, along with the up-regulation of transcription factors (such as SPI1, LMO4, ETS2, FLI1, and GATA2) that are important for the hematopoietic stem cell or multipotent progenitor to differentiate into downstream progenitors. Our results indicate a dysregulated hematopoiesis in patients with severe COVID-19.
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40
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U2af1 is required for survival and function of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Leukemia 2021; 35:2382-2398. [PMID: 33414485 PMCID: PMC8283943 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
U2AF1 is involved in the recognition of the 3' splice site during pre-mRNA splicing. Mutations in U2AF1 are frequently observed in myelodysplastic syndromes. However, the role of wild-type U2AF1 in normal hematopoiesis has remained elusive. Using a novel conditional U2af1 knockout allele, we have found that deletion of U2af1 results in profound defects in hematopoiesis characterized by pancytopenia, ablation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) leading to bone marrow failure and early lethality in mice. U2af1 deletion impairs HSPC function and repopulation capacity. U2af1 deletion also causes increased DNA damage and reduced survival in hematopoietic progenitors. RNA sequencing analysis reveals significant alterations in the expression of genes related to HSC maintenance, cell proliferation, and DNA damage response-related pathways in U2af1-deficient HSPC. U2af1 deficiency also induces splicing alterations in genes important for HSPC function. This includes altered splicing and perturbed expression of Nfya and Pbx1 transcription factors in U2af1-deficient HSPC. Collectively, these results suggest an important role for U2af1 in the maintenance and function of HSPC in normal hematopoiesis. A better understanding of the normal function of U2AF1 in hematopoiesis is important for development of appropriate therapeutic approaches for U2AF1 mutant induced hematologic malignancies.
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41
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Zhou Y, Fu B, Xu X, Zhang J, Tong X, Wang Y, Dong Z, Zhang X, Shen N, Zhai Y, Kong X, Sun R, Tian Z, Wei H. PBX1 expression in uterine natural killer cells drives fetal growth. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/537/eaax1798. [PMID: 32238574 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abundant decidual natural killer (dNK) cells at the maternal-fetal interface are important during early pregnancy. However, functional subsets of dNK cells remain poorly understood. We describe a CD49a+PBX homeobox 1 (PBX1)+ dNK cell subset that promotes fetal development in humans and mice. The expression of PBX1 in dNK cells is up-regulated via the activated AKT1 pathway through the interaction of major histocompatibility complex G with the immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 receptor. PBX1 drives pleiotrophin and osteoglycin transcription in dNK cells, further promoting fetal development. Decreased PBX1 expression or the PBX1G21S mutant correlated with fetal growth restriction and pregnancy failure in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Inactivation of Pbx1 in mouse dNK cells impairs fetal development by decreasing growth-promoting factors from CD49a+PBX1+ dNK cells. Impairment of PBX1 in dNK cells has positive correlation with URSA pathogenesis and may provide a potential marker for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhou
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Binqing Fu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China. .,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiuxiu Xu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jinghe Zhang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xianhong Tong
- First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yanshi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Xiaoren Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yiwen Zhai
- Center for Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Center for Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China. .,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China. .,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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42
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Nagel S, Pommerenke C, Meyer C, MacLeod RAF, Drexler HG. Establishment of the TALE-code reveals aberrantly activated homeobox gene PBX1 in Hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246603. [PMID: 33539429 PMCID: PMC7861379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes encode transcription factors which regulate basic processes in development and cell differentiation and are grouped into classes and subclasses according to sequence similarities. Here, we analyzed the activities of the 20 members strong TALE homeobox gene class in early hematopoiesis and in lymphopoiesis including developing and mature B-cells, T-cells, natural killer (NK)-cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC). The resultant expression pattern comprised eleven genes and which we termed TALE-code enables discrimination of normal and aberrant activities of TALE homeobox genes in lymphoid malignancies. Subsequent expression analysis of TALE homeobox genes in public datasets of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients revealed overexpression of IRX3, IRX4, MEIS1, MEIS3, PBX1, PBX4 and TGIF1. As paradigm we focused on PBX1 which was deregulated in about 17% HL patients. Normal PBX1 expression was restricted to hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors of T-cells and ILCs but absent in B-cells, reflecting its roles in stemness and early differentiation. HL cell line SUP-HD1 expressed enhanced PBX1 levels and served as an in vitro model to identify upstream regulators and downstream targets in this malignancy. Genomic studies of this cell line therein showed a gain of the PBX1 locus at 1q23 which may underlie its aberrant expression. Comparative expression profiling analyses of HL patients and cell lines followed by knockdown experiments revealed NFIB and TLX2 as target genes activated by PBX1. HOX proteins operate as cofactors of PBX1. Accordingly, our data showed that HOXB9 overexpressed in HL coactivated TLX2 but not NFIB while activating TNFRSF9 without PBX1. Further downstream analyses showed that TLX2 activated TBX15 which operated anti-apoptotically. Taken together, we discovered a lymphoid TALE-code and identified an aberrant network around deregulated TALE homeobox gene PBX1 which may disturb B-cell differentiation in HL by reactivation of progenitor-specific genes. These findings may provide the framework for future studies to exploit possible vulnerabilities of malignant cells in therapeutic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nagel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Meyer
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderick A. F. MacLeod
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans G. Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
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43
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Wang T, Xia C, Weng Q, Wang K, Dong Y, Hao S, Dong F, Liu X, Liu L, Geng Y, Guan Y, Du J, Cheng T, Cheng H, Wang J. Loss of <i>Nupr1</i> promotes engraftment by tuning the quiescence threshold of hematopoietic stem cell repository via regulating p53-checkpoint pathway. Haematologica 2020; 107:154-166. [PMID: 33299232 PMCID: PMC8719103 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.239186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are dominantly quiescent under homeostasis, which is a key mechanism of maintaining the HSC pool for life-long hematopoiesis. Dormant HSC are poised to be immediately activated in certain conditions and can return to quiescence after homeostasis has been regained. At present, the molecular networks of regulating the threshold of HSC dormancy, if existing, remain largely unknown. Here, we show that deletion of Nupr1, a gene preferentially expressed in HSC, activated quiescent HSC under homeostasis, which conferred a competitive engraftment advantage for these HSC without compromising their stemness or multi-lineage differentiation capacity in serial transplantation settings. Following an expansion protocol, the Nupr1-/- HSC proliferated more robustly than their wild-type counterparts in vitro. Nupr1 inhibits the expression of p53 and rescue of this inhibition offsets the engraftment advantage. Our data reveal a new role for Nupr1 as a regulator of HSC quiescence, which provides insights for accelerating the engraftment efficacy of HSC transplantation by targeting the HSC quiescence-controlling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Chengxiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Qitong Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Kaitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Yong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Sha Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Yang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Yuxian Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.
| | - Jinyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou.
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44
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Henry E, Arcangeli ML. How Hematopoietic Stem Cells Respond to Irradiation: Similarities and Differences between Low and High Doses of Ionizing Radiations. Exp Hematol 2020; 94:11-19. [PMID: 33290858 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we will specifically address the newest insights on the effect of low doses of ionizing radiations on the hematopoietic stem cells, which are prone to long-term deleterious effects. Impact of high doses of irradiation on hematopoietic cells has been widely studied over the years, in line with the risk of accidental or terrorist exposure to irradiation and with a particular attention to the sensitivity of the hematopoietic system. Recently, more studies have focused on lower doses of irradiation on different tissues, due to the increasing exposure caused by medical imaging, radiotherapy or plane travelling for instance. Hence, we will delineate similarities and discrepancies in HSC response to high and low doses of irradiation from these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Henry
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie-Laure Arcangeli
- Team Niche and Cancer in Hematopoiesis, U1274, INSERM, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemia/Service Stem Cells and Radiation/iRCM/JACOB/DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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45
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Prdm16 is a critical regulator of adult long-term hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31945-31953. [PMID: 33268499 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017626117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of quiescence is critical for the maintenance of adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Disruption of transcription factor gene Prdm16 during mouse embryonic development has been shown to cause a severe loss of fetal liver HSCs; however, the underlying mechanisms and the function of Prdm16 in adult HSCs remain unclear. To investigate the role of Prdm16 in adult HSCs, we generated a novel conditional knockout mouse model and deleted Prdm16 in adult mouse hematopoietic system using the IFN-inducible Mx1-Cre Our results show that Prdm16 deletion in the adult mouse hematopoietic system has a less severe effect on HSCs, causing a gradual decline of adult HSC numbers and a concomitant increase in the multipotent progenitor (MPP) compartment. Prdm16 deletion in the hematopoietic system following transplantation produced the same phenotype, indicating that the defect is intrinsic to adult HSCs. This HSC loss was also exacerbated by stress induced by 5-fluorouracil injections. Annexin V staining showed no difference in apoptosis between wild-type and knockout adult HSCs. In contrast, Bromodeoxyuridine analysis revealed that loss of Prdm16 significantly increased cycling of long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) with the majority of the cells found in the S to G2/M phase. Consistently, RNA sequencing analysis of mouse LT-HSCs with and without Prdm16 deletion showed that Prdm16 loss induced a significant decrease in the expression of several known cell cycle regulators of HSCs, among which Cdkn1a and Egr1 were identified as direct targets of Prdm16 Our results suggest that Prdm16 preserves the function of adult LT-HSCs by promoting their quiescence.
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46
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Ghorbani M, Pourjafar F, Saffari M, Asgari Y. Paclitaxel resistance resulted in a stem-like state in triple-negative breast cancer: A systems biology approach. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Heck AM, Ishida T, Hadland B. Location, Location, Location: How Vascular Specialization Influences Hematopoietic Fates During Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602617. [PMID: 33282876 PMCID: PMC7691428 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, sequential waves of hematopoiesis give rise to blood-forming cells with diverse lineage potentials and self-renewal properties. This process must accomplish two important yet divergent goals: the rapid generation of differentiated blood cells to meet the needs of the developing embryo and the production of a reservoir of hematopoietic stem cells to provide for life-long hematopoiesis in the adult. Vascular beds in distinct anatomical sites of extraembryonic tissues and the embryo proper provide the necessary conditions to support these divergent objectives, suggesting a critical role for specialized vascular niche cells in regulating disparate blood cell fates during development. In this review, we will examine the current understanding of how organ- and stage-specific vascular niche specialization contributes to the development of the hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell signaling in the niche. Leukemia 2020; 34:3136-3148. [PMID: 33077865 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are responsible for lifelong maintenance of hematopoiesis through self-renewal and differentiation into mature blood cell lineages. Traditional models hold that HSPCs guard homeostatic function and adapt to regenerative demand by integrating cell-autonomous, intrinsic programs with extrinsic cues from the niche. Despite the biologic significance, little is known about the active roles HSPCs partake in reciprocally shaping the function of their microenvironment. Here, we review evidence of signals emerging from HSPCs through secreted autocrine or paracrine factors, including extracellular vesicles, and via direct contact within the niche. We also discuss the functional impact of direct cellular interactions between hematopoietic elements on niche occupancy in the context of leukemic infiltration. The aggregate data support a model whereby HSPCs are active participants in the dynamic adaptation of the stem cell niche unit during development and homeostasis, and under inflammatory stress, malignancy, or transplantation.
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Yu D, Ma Y, Feng C, Ma Z, Guo J, Chen H, He T, Guo J, Sun X, Qin Q, Sun X, Ma J. PBX1 Increases the Radiosensitivity of Oesophageal Squamous Cancer by Targeting of STAT3. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2161-2168. [PMID: 32170580 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The radioresistance of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a critical factor leading to a poor prognosis among patients. The expression of PBX1 is abnormally high in a broad range of human tissues, and this gene plays a key role in tumour proliferation. This research intended to explore the radiosensitization of OSCC by silencing PBX1. The OSCC cell lines KYSE450 and KYSE150 were subjected to PBX1 silencing and/or irradiation (IR). Cell proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis were tested to evaluate the radiosensitization ability of PBX1 silencing. The levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in the OSCC cells were tested by Western blotting. Furthermore, KYSE150 cells with or without PBX1 silencing were xenografted into nude mice with or without radiation exposure. Concomitant PBX1 silencing and IR can obviously suppress growth and enhance radiosensitivity in OSCC cells and xenografts. Moreover, the downregulation of PBX1 inhibits the expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3. The downregulation of PBX1 may increase radiosensitivity in OSCC cells and xenografts via the PBX1/STAT3 pathway. Our findings demonstrate that PBX1 may be a potential target for promoting the effect of radiation therapy in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyue Yu
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Oncology Department, First Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, AnHui, China
| | - Zhiyu Ma
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayou Guo
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianli He
- Department of Respiratory, Changxing People's Hospital, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayi Guo
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingbang Sun
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Ma
- Department of radiotherapy, The Lianyungang municipal oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, 57 Zhonghua West Road, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Li S, Chen X, Wang J, Meydan C, Glass JL, Shih AH, Delwel R, Levine RL, Mason CE, Melnick AM. Somatic Mutations Drive Specific, but Reversible, Epigenetic Heterogeneity States in AML. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:1934-1949. [PMID: 32938585 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic allele diversity is linked to inferior prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the source of epiallele heterogeneity in AML is unknown. Herein we analyzed epiallele diversity in a genetically and clinically annotated AML cohort. Notably, AML driver mutations linked to transcription factors and favorable outcome are associated with epigenetic destabilization in a defined set of susceptible loci. In contrast, AML subtypes linked to inferior prognosis manifest greater abundance and highly stochastic epiallele patterning. We report an epiallele outcome classifier supporting the link between epigenetic diversity and treatment failure. Mouse models with TET2 or IDH2 mutations show that epiallele diversity is especially strongly induced by IDH mutations, precedes transformation to AML, and is enhanced by cooperation between somatic mutations. Furthermore, epiallele complexity was partially reversed by epigenetic therapies in AML driven by TET2/IDH2, suggesting that epigenetic therapy might function in part by reducing population complexity and fitness of AMLs. SIGNIFICANCE: We show for the first time that epigenetic clonality is directly linked to specific mutations and that epigenetic allele diversity precedes and potentially contributes to malignant transformation. Furthermore, epigenetic clonality is reversible with epigenetic therapy agents.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
- The Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, Bar Harbor, Maine
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Jiahui Wang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jacob L Glass
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alan H Shih
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ruud Delwel
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center and Oncode Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
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