1
|
Abankwah JK, Wang Y, Wang J, Ogbe SE, Pozzo LD, Chu X, Bian Y. Gut aging: A wane from the normal to repercussion and gerotherapeutic strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37883. [PMID: 39381110 PMCID: PMC11456882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, age-related diseases represent a significant public health concern among the elderly population. In aging, healthy organs and tissues undergo structural and functional changes that put the aged adults at risk of diseases. Some of the age-related diseases include cancer, atherosclerosis, brain disorders, muscle atrophy (sarcopenia), gastrointestinal (GIT) disorders, etc. In organs, a decline in stem cell function is the starting point of many conditions and is extremely important in GIT disorder development. Many studies have established that aging affects stem cells and their surrounding supportive niche components. Although there is a significant advancement in treating intestinal aging, the rising elderly population coupled with a higher occurrence of chronic gut ailments necessitates more effective therapeutic approaches to preserve gut health. Notable therapeutic strategies such as Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and other health-promotion interventions have been reported in several studies to hold promise in mitigating age-related gut disorders. This review highlights findings across various facets of gut aging with a focus on aging-associated changes of intestinal stem cells and their niche components, thus a deviation from the normal to repercussion, as well as essential therapeutic strategies to mitigate intestinal aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K. Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Susan Enechojo Ogbe
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - XiaoQian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - YuHong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Poling HM, Sundaram N, Fisher GW, Singh A, Shiley JR, Nattamai K, Govindarajah V, Cortez AR, Krutko MO, Ménoret S, Anegon I, Kasendra M, Wells JM, Mayhew CN, Takebe T, Mahe MM, Helmrath MA. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids repair damaged bowel in vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1513-1523.e7. [PMID: 39270642 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The fundamental goal of tissue engineering is to functionally restore or improve damaged tissues or organs. Here we address this in the small bowel using an in vivo xenograft preclinical acute damage model. We investigated the therapeutic capacity of human intestinal organoids (HIOs), which are generated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), to repair damaged small bowel. We hypothesized that the HIO's cellular complexity would allow it to sustain transmural engraftment. To test this, we developed a rodent injury model where, through luminal delivery, we demonstrated that fragmented HIOs engraft, proliferate, and persist throughout the bowel following repair. Not only was restitution of the mucosal layer observed, but significant incorporation was also observed in the muscularis and vascular endothelium. Further analysis characterized sustained cell type presence within the regenerated regions, retention of proximal regionalization, and the neo-epithelia's function. These findings demonstrate the therapeutic importance of mesenchyme for intestinal injury repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Poling
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Nambirajan Sundaram
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Garrett W Fisher
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Akaljot Singh
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Joseph R Shiley
- Pluripotent Stem Cell Core, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Kalpana Nattamai
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Vinothini Govindarajah
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Alexander R Cortez
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Maksym O Krutko
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016 CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes 44035, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, Nantes Université, Nantes 44035, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016 CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes 44035, France
| | - Magdalena Kasendra
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - James M Wells
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Christopher N Mayhew
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Pluripotent Stem Cell Core, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Maxime M Mahe
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Nantes Université, Inserm, TENS UMR1235, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases, IMAD, Nantes 44035, France
| | - Michael A Helmrath
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Wang D, Luan Y, Tao B, Li Q, Feng Q, Zhou H, Mu J, Yu J. The application of organoids in colorectal diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1412489. [PMID: 38983913 PMCID: PMC11231380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1412489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoids are a three-dimensional cell culture model derived from colon or pluripotent stem cells. Intestinal organoids constructed in vitro strongly mimic the colon epithelium in cell composition, tissue architecture, and specific functions, replicating the colon epithelium in an in vitro culture environment. As an emerging biomedical technology, organoid technology has unique advantages over traditional two-dimensional culture in preserving parental gene expression and mutation, cell function, and biological characteristics. It has shown great potential in the research and treatment of colorectal diseases. Organoid technology has been widely applied in research on colorectal topics, including intestinal tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, infectious diarrhea, and intestinal injury regeneration. This review focuses on the application of organoid technology in colorectal diseases, including the basic principles and preparation methods of organoids, and explores the pathogenesis of and personalized treatment plans for various colorectal diseases to provide a valuable reference for organoid technology development and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Liu
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhong Luan
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Boqiang Tao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qirong Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Mu
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinhai Yu
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hammerhøj A, Chakravarti D, Sato T, Jensen KB, Nielsen OH. Organoids as regenerative medicine for inflammatory bowel disease. iScience 2024; 27:110118. [PMID: 38947526 PMCID: PMC11214415 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder with an increasing global prevalence. Managing disease activity relies on various pharmacological options. However, the effectiveness of current therapeutics is limited and not universally applicable to all patients and circumstances. Consequently, developing new management strategies is necessary. Recent advances in endoscopically obtained intestinal biopsy specimens have highlighted the potential of intestinal epithelial organoid transplantation as a novel therapeutic approach. Experimental studies using murine and human organoid transplantations have shown promising outcomes, including tissue regeneration and functional recovery. Human trials with organoid therapy have commenced; thus, this article provides readers with insights into the necessity and potential of intestinal organoid transplantation as a new regenerative therapeutic option in clinical settings and explores its associated challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hammerhøj
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Deepavali Chakravarti
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kim Bak Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Haagen Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Larue AEM, Atlasi Y. The epigenetic landscape in intestinal stem cells and its deregulation in colorectal cancer. Stem Cells 2024; 42:509-525. [PMID: 38597726 PMCID: PMC11177158 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in controlling gene expression and cellular plasticity in both normal physiology and pathophysiological conditions. These mechanisms are particularly important in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, both in embryonic development and within adult tissues. A prime example of this finely tuned epigenetic control is observed in the gastrointestinal lining, where the small intestine undergoes renewal approximately every 3-5 days. How various epigenetic mechanisms modulate chromatin functions in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is currently an active area of research. In this review, we discuss the main epigenetic mechanisms that control ISC differentiation under normal homeostasis. Furthermore, we explore the dysregulation of these mechanisms in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. By outlining the main epigenetic mechanisms contributing to CRC, we highlight the recent therapeutics development and future directions for colorectal cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axelle E M Larue
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Yaser Atlasi
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiang T, Wang J, Li H. Current applications of intestinal organoids: a review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:155. [PMID: 38816841 PMCID: PMC11140936 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, intestinal organoid technology has paved the way for reproducing tissue or organ morphogenesis during intestinal physiological processes in vitro and studying the pathogenesis of various intestinal diseases. Intestinal organoids are favored in drug screening due to their ability for high-throughput in vitro cultivation and their closer resemblance to patient genetic characteristics. Furthermore, as disease models, intestinal organoids find wide applications in screening diagnostic markers, identifying therapeutic targets, and exploring epigenetic mechanisms of diseases. Additionally, as a transplantable cellular system, organoids have played a significant role in the reconstruction of damaged epithelium in conditions such as ulcerative colitis and short bowel syndrome, as well as in intestinal material exchange and metabolic function restoration. The rise of interdisciplinary approaches, including organoid-on-chip technology, genome editing techniques, and microfluidics, has greatly accelerated the development of organoids. In this review, VOSviewer software is used to visualize hot co-cited journal and keywords trends of intestinal organoid firstly. Subsequently, we have summarized the current applications of intestinal organoid technology in disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. This will deepen our understanding of intestinal organoids and further explore the physiological mechanisms of the intestine and drug development for intestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Llorente C. The Imperative for Innovative Enteric Nervous System-Intestinal Organoid Co-Culture Models: Transforming GI Disease Modeling and Treatment. Cells 2024; 13:820. [PMID: 38786042 PMCID: PMC11119846 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the need for innovative co-culture systems integrating the enteric nervous system (ENS) with intestinal organoids. The breakthroughs achieved through these techniques will pave the way for a transformative era in gastrointestinal (GI) disease modeling and treatment strategies. This review serves as an introduction to the companion protocol paper featured in this journal. The protocol outlines the isolation and co-culture of myenteric and submucosal neurons with small intestinal organoids. This review provides an overview of the intestinal organoid culture field to establish a solid foundation for effective protocol application. Remarkably, the ENS surpasses the number of neurons in the spinal cord. Referred to as the "second brain", the ENS orchestrates pivotal roles in GI functions, including motility, blood flow, and secretion. The ENS is organized into myenteric and submucosal plexuses. These plexuses house diverse subtypes of neurons. Due to its proximity to the gut musculature and its cell type complexity, there are methodological intricacies in studying the ENS. Diverse approaches such as primary cell cultures, three-dimensional (3D) neurospheres, and induced ENS cells offer diverse insights into the multifaceted functionality of the ENS. The ENS exhibits dynamic interactions with the intestinal epithelium, the muscle layer, and the immune system, influencing epithelial physiology, motility, immune responses, and the microbiome. Neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine (ACh), serotonin (5-HT), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), play pivotal roles in these intricate interactions. Understanding these dynamics is imperative, as the ENS is implicated in various diseases, ranging from neuropathies to GI disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The emergence of organoid technology presents an unprecedented opportunity to study ENS interactions within the complex milieu of the small and large intestines. This manuscript underscores the urgent need for standardized protocols and advanced techniques to unravel the complexities of the ENS and its dynamic relationship with the gut ecosystem. The insights gleaned from such endeavors hold the potential to revolutionize GI disease modeling and treatment paradigms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Llorente
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, MC0063, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park S, Cho SW. Bioengineering toolkits for potentiating organoid therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115238. [PMID: 38447933 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional, multicellular constructs that recapitulate the structural and functional features of specific organs. Because of these characteristics, organoids have been widely applied in biomedical research in recent decades. Remarkable advancements in organoid technology have positioned them as promising candidates for regenerative medicine. However, current organoids still have limitations, such as the absence of internal vasculature, limited functionality, and a small size that is not commensurate with that of actual organs. These limitations hinder their survival and regenerative effects after transplantation. Another significant concern is the reliance on mouse tumor-derived matrix in organoid culture, which is unsuitable for clinical translation due to its tumor origin and safety issues. Therefore, our aim is to describe engineering strategies and alternative biocompatible materials that can facilitate the practical applications of organoids in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, we highlight meaningful progress in organoid transplantation, with a particular emphasis on the functional restoration of various organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sewon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin H, Xue Z, Liu J, Ma B, Yang J, Lei L. Advancing Organoid Engineering for Tissue Regeneration and Biofunctional Reconstruction. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0016. [PMID: 38628309 PMCID: PMC11018530 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage and functional abnormalities in organs have become a considerable clinical challenge. Organoids are often applied as disease models and in drug discovery and screening. Indeed, several studies have shown that organoids are an important strategy for achieving tissue repair and biofunction reconstruction. In contrast to established stem cell therapies, organoids have high clinical relevance. However, conventional approaches have limited the application of organoids in clinical regenerative medicine. Engineered organoids might have the capacity to overcome these challenges. Bioengineering-a multidisciplinary field that applies engineering principles to biomedicine-has bridged the gap between engineering and medicine to promote human health. More specifically, bioengineering principles have been applied to organoids to accelerate their clinical translation. In this review, beginning with the basic concepts of organoids, we describe strategies for cultivating engineered organoids and discuss the multiple engineering modes to create conditions for breakthroughs in organoid research. Subsequently, studies on the application of engineered organoids in biofunction reconstruction and tissue repair are presented. Finally, we highlight the limitations and challenges hindering the utilization of engineered organoids in clinical applications. Future research will focus on cultivating engineered organoids using advanced bioengineering tools for personalized tissue repair and biofunction reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Jin
- Institute of Translational Medicine,
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Zengqi Xue
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Jinnv Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Binbin Ma
- Department of Biology,
The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine,
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine,
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
DeFrates KG, Tong E, Cheng J, Heber‐Katz E, Messersmith PB. A Pro-Regenerative Supramolecular Prodrug Protects Against and Repairs Colon Damage in Experimental Colitis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304716. [PMID: 38247203 PMCID: PMC10987129 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Structural repair of the intestinal epithelium is strongly correlated with disease remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, ulcer healing is not addressed by existing therapies. To address this need, this study reports the use of a small molecule prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor (DPCA) to upregulate hypoxia-inducible factor one-alpha (HIF-1α) and induce mammalian regeneration. Sustained delivery of DPCA is achieved through subcutaneous injections of a supramolecular hydrogel, formed through the self-assembly of PEG-DPCA conjugates. Pre-treatment of mice with PEG-DPCA is shown to protect mice from epithelial erosion and symptoms of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Surprisingly, a single subcutaneous dose of PEG-DPCA, administered after disease onset, leads to accelerated weight gain and complete restoration of healthy tissue architecture in colitic mice. Rapid DPCA-induced restoration of the intestinal barrier is likely orchestrated by increased expression of HIF-1α and associated targets leading to an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Further investigation of DPCA as a potential adjunctive or stand-alone restorative treatment to combat active IBD is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey G. DeFrates
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Elaine Tong
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | | | - Phillip B. Messersmith
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
- Materials Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mulero-Russe A, García AJ. Engineered Synthetic Matrices for Human Intestinal Organoid Culture and Therapeutic Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307678. [PMID: 37987171 PMCID: PMC10922691 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) derived from pluripotent stem cells or adult stem cell biopsies represent a powerful platform to study human development, drug testing, and disease modeling in vitro, and serve as a cell source for tissue regeneration and therapeutic advances in vivo. Synthetic hydrogels can be engineered to serve as analogs of the extracellular matrix to support HIO growth and differentiation. These hydrogels allow for tuning the mechanical and biochemical properties of the matrix, offering an advantage over biologically derived hydrogels such as Matrigel. Human intestinal organoids have been used for repopulating transplantable intestinal grafts and for in vivo delivery to an injured intestinal site. The use of synthetic hydrogels for in vitro culture and for in vivo delivery is expected to significantly increase the relevance of human intestinal organoids for drug screening, disease modeling, and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Mulero-Russe
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kwon O, Lee H, Jung J, Son YS, Jeon S, Yoo WD, Son N, Jung KB, Choi E, Lee IC, Kwon HJ, Kim C, Lee MO, Cho HS, Kim DS, Son MY. Chemically-defined and scalable culture system for intestinal stem cells derived from human intestinal organoids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:799. [PMID: 38280855 PMCID: PMC10821882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional human intestinal organoids (hIO) are widely used as a platform for biological and biomedical research. However, reproducibility and challenges for large-scale expansion limit their applicability. Here, we establish a human intestinal stem cell (ISC) culture method expanded under feeder-free and fully defined conditions through selective enrichment of ISC populations (ISC3D-hIO) within hIO derived from human pluripotent stem cells. The intrinsic self-organisation property of ISC3D-hIO, combined with air-liquid interface culture in a minimally defined medium, forces ISC3D-hIO to differentiate into the intestinal epithelium with cellular diversity, villus-like structure, and barrier integrity. Notably, ISC3D-hIO is an ideal cell source for gene editing to study ISC biology and transplantation for intestinal diseases. We demonstrate the intestinal epithelium differentiated from ISC3D-hIO as a model system to study severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral infection. ISC3D-hIO culture technology provides a biological tool for use in regenerative medicine and disease modelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ohman Kwon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeeun Jung
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Son
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Jeon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Dong Yoo
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeun Son
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Bo Jung
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunho Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB, Korea Preclinical Evaluation Center, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB, Korea Preclinical Evaluation Center, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuna Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB, Aging Convergence Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ok Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Soo Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Montazid S, Bandyopadhyay S, Hart DW, Gao N, Johnson B, Thrumurthy SG, Penn DJ, Wernisch B, Bansal M, Altrock PM, Rost F, Gazinska P, Ziolkowski P, Hayee B, Liu Y, Han J, Tessitore A, Koth J, Bodmer WF, East JE, Bennett NC, Tomlinson I, Irshad S. Adult stem cell activity in naked mole rats for long-term tissue maintenance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8484. [PMID: 38123565 PMCID: PMC10733326 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole rat (NMR), Heterocephalus glaber, the longest-living rodent, provides a unique opportunity to explore how evolution has shaped adult stem cell (ASC) activity and tissue function with increasing lifespan. Using cumulative BrdU labelling and a quantitative imaging approach to track intestinal ASCs (Lgr5+) in their native in vivo state, we find an expanded pool of Lgr5+ cells in NMRs, and these cells specifically at the crypt base (Lgr5+CBC) exhibit slower division rates compared to those in short-lived mice but have a similar turnover as human LGR5+CBC cells. Instead of entering quiescence (G0), NMR Lgr5+CBC cells reduce their division rates by prolonging arrest in the G1 and/or G2 phases of the cell cycle. Moreover, we also observe a higher proportion of differentiated cells in NMRs that confer enhanced protection and function to the intestinal mucosa which is able to detect any chemical imbalance in the luminal environment efficiently, triggering a robust pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative response within the stem/progenitor cell zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamir Montazid
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Daniel W Hart
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, Republic of South Africa
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, 07102, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Johnson
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Sri G Thrumurthy
- Endoscopy, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Dustin J Penn
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, 1160, Austria
| | - Bettina Wernisch
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, 1160, Austria
| | | | - Philipp M Altrock
- Department for Theoretical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Ploen, Germany
| | - Fabian Rost
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- Biobank Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network, PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziolkowski
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bu'Hussain Hayee
- Endoscopy, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, 07102, NJ, USA
| | - Jiangmeng Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, 07102, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jana Koth
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Walter F Bodmer
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - James E East
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, Republic of South Africa
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Shazia Irshad
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang M, Shi J, Yu C, Zhang X, Xu G, Xu Z, Ma Y. Emerging strategy towards mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: what the future holds? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1298186. [PMID: 38155971 PMCID: PMC10752988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, the therapeutic goal of conventional treatment among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients is alleviating exacerbations in acute phase, maintaining remission, reducing recurrence, preventing complications, and increasing quality of life. However, the persistent mucosal/submucosal inflammation tends to cause irreversible changes in the intestinal structure, which can barely be redressed by conventional treatment. In the late 1990s, monoclonal biologics, mainly anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor) drugs, were proven significantly helpful in inhibiting mucosal inflammation and improving prognosis in clinical trials. Meanwhile, mucosal healing (MH), as a key endoscopic and histological measurement closely associated with the severity of symptoms, has been proposed as primary outcome measures. With deeper comprehension of the mucosal microenvironment, stem cell niche, and underlying mucosal repair mechanisms, diverse potential strategies apart from monoclonal antibodies have been arising or undergoing clinical trials. Herein, we elucidate key steps or targets during the course of MH and review some promising treatment strategies capable of promoting MH in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyan Shi
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoxin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Endo R, Sugimoto S, Shirosaki K, Kato H, Wada M, Kanai T, Sato T. Clinical challenges of short bowel syndrome and the path forward for organoid-based regenerative medicine. Regen Ther 2023; 24:64-73. [PMID: 37868721 PMCID: PMC10584670 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare condition, the main symptom of which is malabsorption following extensive resection of the small intestine. Treatment for SBS is mainly supportive, consisting of supplementation, prevention and treatment of complications, and promotion of intestinal adaptation. While development of parenteral nutrition and drugs promoting intestinal adaptation has improved clinical outcomes, the prognosis of patients with SBS remains poor. Intestinal transplantation is the only curative therapy but its outcome is unsatisfactory. In the absence of definitive therapy, novel treatment is urgently needed. With the advent of intestinal organoids, research on the intestine has developed remarkably in recent years. Concepts such as the "tissue-engineered small intestine" and "small intestinalized colon," which create a functional small intestine by combining organoids with other technologies, are potentially novel regenerative therapeutic approaches for SBS. Although they are still under development and there are substantial issues to be resolved, the problems that have prevented establishment of the complex function and structure of the small intestine are gradually being overcome. This review discusses the current treatments for SBS, the fundamentals of the intestine and organoids, the current status of these new technologies, and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Endo
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Koji Shirosaki
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirochika Kato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Motoshi Wada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zeng D, Chen Y, Liao Z, Wei G, Huang X, Liang R, Lu WW, Yi D, Chen Y. Cartilage organoids and osteoarthritis research: a narrative review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1278692. [PMID: 38026876 PMCID: PMC10666186 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1278692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases, significantly impacting individuals and society. With the acceleration of global aging, the incidence of OA is increasing. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is not fully understood, and there is no effective way to alleviate the progression of osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new disease models and seek new treatments for OA. Cartilage organoids are three-dimensional tissue masses that can simulate organ structure and physiological function and play an important role in disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. This review will briefly analyze the research progress of OA, focusing on the construction and current development of cartilage organoids, and then describe the application of cartilage organoids in OA modeling, drug screening, and regeneration and repair of cartilage and bone defects. Finally, some challenges and prospects in the development of cartilaginous organoids are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daofu Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yeping Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhidong Liao
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guizheng Wei
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiajie Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongyuan Liang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - William W. Lu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang FL, Hu Z, Wang YF, Zhang WJ, Zhou BW, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Liu KX. Organoids transplantation attenuates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice through L-Malic acid-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6779. [PMID: 37880227 PMCID: PMC10600233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoid transplantation is a promising therapy for the treatment of mucosal injury. However, how the transplanted organoids regulate the immune microenvironment of recipient mice and their role in treating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Here, we establish a method for transplanting intestinal organoids into intestinal I/R mice. We find that transplantation improve mouse survival, promote self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and regulate the immune microenvironment after intestinal I/R, depending on the enhanced ability of macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Specifically, we report that L-Malic acid (MA) is highly expressed and enriched in the organoids-derived conditioned medium and cecal contents of transplanted mice, demonstrating that organoids secrete MA during engraftment. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that MA induces M2 macrophage polarization and restores interleukin-10 levels in a SOCS2-dependent manner. This study provides a therapeutic strategy for intestinal I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gottwald E, Grün C, Nies C, Liebsch G. Physiological oxygen measurements in vitro-Schrödinger's cat in 3D cell biology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1218957. [PMID: 37885450 PMCID: PMC10598749 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1218957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
After the development of 3D cell culture methods in the middle of the last century and the plethora of data generated with this culture configuration up to date, it could be shown that a three-dimensional arrangement of cells in most of the cases leads to a more physiological behavior of the generated tissue. However, a major determinant for an organotypic function, namely, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the used in vitro-system, has been neglected in most of the studies. This is due to the fact that the oxygen measurement in the beginning was simply not feasible and, if so, disturbed the measurement and/or the in vitro-system itself. This is especially true for the meanwhile more widespread use of 3D culture systems. Therefore, the tissues analyzed by these techniques can be considered as the Schrödinger's cat in 3D cell biology. In this perspective paper we will outline how the measurement and, moreover, the regulation of the dissolved oxygen concentration in vitro-3D culture systems could be established at all and how it may be possible to determine the oxygen concentration in organoid cultures and the respiratory capacity via mito stress tests, especially in spheroids in the size range of a few hundred micrometers, under physiological culture conditions, without disturbances or stress induction in the system and in a high-throughput fashion. By this, such systems will help to more efficiently translate tissue engineering approaches into new in vitro-platforms for fundamental and applied research as well as preclinical safety testing and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Gottwald
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Grün
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cordula Nies
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rutherford D, Ho GT. Therapeutic Potential of Human Intestinal Organoids in Tissue Repair Approaches in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1488-1498. [PMID: 37094358 PMCID: PMC10472753 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic immune-mediated conditions characterized by significant gut tissue damage due to uncontrolled inflammation. Anti-inflammatory treatments have improved, but there are no current prorepair approaches. Organoids have developed into a powerful experimental platform to study mechanisms of human diseases. Here, we specifically focus on its role as a direct tissue repair modality in IBD. We discuss the scientific rationale for this, recent parallel advances in scientific technologies (CRISPR [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats]/Cas9 and metabolic programming), and in addition, the clinical IBD context in which this therapeutic approach is tractable. Finally, we review the translational roadmap for the application of organoids and the need for this as a novel direction in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Rutherford
- Gut Research Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gwo-Tzer Ho
- Gut Research Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zheng R, Zhang L, Parvin R, Su L, Chi J, Shi K, Ye F, Huang X. Progress and Perspective of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology in Translational Medicine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300195. [PMID: 37356052 PMCID: PMC10477906 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Translational medicine aims to improve human health by exploring potential treatment methods developed during basic scientific research and applying them to the treatment of patients in clinical settings. The advanced perceptions of gene functions have remarkably revolutionized clinical treatment strategies for target agents. However, the progress in gene editing therapy has been hindered due to the severe off-target effects and limited editing sites. Fortunately, the development in the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system has renewed hope for gene therapy field. The CRISPR-Cas9 system can fulfill various simple or complex purposes, including gene knockout, knock-in, activation, interference, base editing, and sequence detection. Accordingly, the CRISPR-Cas9 system is adaptable to translational medicine, which calls for the alteration of genomic sequences. This review aims to present the latest CRISPR-Cas9 technology achievements and prospect to translational medicine advances. The principle and characterization of the CRISPR-Cas9 system are firstly introduced. The authors then focus on recent pre-clinical and clinical research directions, including the construction of disease models, disease-related gene screening and regulation, and disease treatment and diagnosis for multiple refractory diseases. Finally, some clinical challenges including off-target effects, in vivo vectors, and ethical problems, and future perspective are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Zheng
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Division of Pulmonary MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Lexiang Zhang
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative MedicineVision and Brain Health); Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Rokshana Parvin
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative MedicineVision and Brain Health); Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Lihuang Su
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Division of Pulmonary MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Junjie Chi
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative MedicineVision and Brain Health); Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Division of Pulmonary MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tian CM, Yang MF, Xu HM, Zhu MZ, Yue NN, Zhang Y, Shi RY, Yao J, Wang LS, Liang YJ, Li DF. Stem cell-derived intestinal organoids: a novel modality for IBD. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:255. [PMID: 37479716 PMCID: PMC10362068 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The organoids represent one of the greatest revolutions in the biomedical field in the past decade. This three-dimensional (3D) micro-organ cultured in vitro has a structure highly similar to that of the tissue and organ. Using the regeneration ability of stem cells, a 3D organ-like structure called intestinal organoids is established, which can mimic the characteristics of real intestinal organs, including morphology, function, and personalized response to specific stimuli. Here, we discuss current stem cell-based organ-like 3D intestinal models, including understanding the molecular pathophysiology, high-throughput screening drugs, drug efficacy testing, toxicological evaluation, and organ-based regeneration of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We summarize the advances and limitations of the state-of-the-art reconstruction platforms for intestinal organoids. The challenges, advantages, and prospects of intestinal organs as an in vitro model system for precision medicine are also discussed. Key applications of stem cell-derived intestinal organoids. Intestinal organoids can be used to model infectious diseases, develop new treatments, drug screens, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Mei Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Feng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Min-Zheng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Ning-Ning Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, Huizhou Institute of Occupational Diseases Control and Prevention, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-Yue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yan HHN, Chan AS, Lai FPL, Leung SY. Organoid cultures for cancer modeling. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:917-937. [PMID: 37315564 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organoids derived from adult stem cells (ASCs) and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are important preclinical models for studying cancer and developing therapies. Here, we review primary tissue-derived and PSC-derived cancer organoid models and detail how they have the potential to inform personalized medical approaches in different organ contexts and contribute to the understanding of early carcinogenic steps, cancer genomes, and biology. We also compare the differences between ASC- and PSC-based cancer organoid systems, discuss their limitations, and highlight recent improvements to organoid culture approaches that have helped to make them an even better representation of human tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen H N Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - April S Chan
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frank Pui-Ling Lai
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suet Yi Leung
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China; Jockey Club Centre for Clinical Innovation and Discovery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mesfin FM, Manohar K, Shelley WC, Brokaw JP, Liu J, Ma M, Markel TA. Stem cells as a therapeutic avenue for active and long-term complications of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Semin Pediatr Surg 2023; 32:151311. [PMID: 37276782 PMCID: PMC10330659 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating neonatal intestinal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although decades of research have been dedicated to understanding the pathogenesis of NEC and developing therapies, it remains the leading cause of death among neonatal gastrointestinal diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest recently as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of NEC. They have been shown to rescue intestinal injury and reduce the incidence and severity of NEC in various preclinical animal studies. MSCs and MSC-derived organoids and tissue engineered small intestine (TESI) have shown potential for the treatment of long-term sequela of NEC such as short bowel syndrome, neurodevelopmental delay, and chronic lung disease. Although the advances made in the use of MSCs are promising, further research is needed prior to the widespread use of these cells for the treatment of NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghorbaninejad M, Asadzadeh-Aghdaei H, Baharvand H, Meyfour A. Intestinal organoids: A versatile platform for modeling gastrointestinal diseases and monitoring epigenetic alterations. Life Sci 2023; 319:121506. [PMID: 36858311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Considering the significant limitations of conventional 2D cell cultures and tissue in vitro models, creating intestinal organoids has burgeoned as an ideal option to recapitulate the heterogeneity of the native intestinal epithelium. Intestinal organoids can be developed from either tissue-resident adult stem cells (ADSs) or pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in both forms induced PSCs and embryonic stem cells. Here, we review current advances in the development of intestinal organoids that have led to a better recapitulation of the complexity, physiology, morphology, function, and microenvironment of the intestine. We discuss current applications of intestinal organoids with an emphasis on disease modeling. In particular, we point out recent studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection in human intestinal organoids. We also discuss the less explored application of intestinal organoids in epigenetics by highlighting the role of epigenetic modifications in intestinal development, homeostasis, and diseases, and subsequently the power of organoids in mirroring the regulatory role of epigenetic mechanisms in these conditions and introducing novel predictive/diagnostic biomarkers. Finally, we propose 3D organoid models to evaluate the effects of novel epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) on the treatment of GI diseases where epigenetic mechanisms play a key role in disease development and progression, particularly in colorectal cancer treatment and epigenetically acquired drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ghorbaninejad
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh-Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Calà G, Sina B, De Coppi P, Giobbe GG, Gerli MFM. Primary human organoids models: Current progress and key milestones. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1058970. [PMID: 36959902 PMCID: PMC10029057 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1058970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past 10 years the world has experienced enormous progress in the organoids field. Human organoids have shown huge potential to study organ development, homeostasis and to model diseases in vitro. The organoid technology has been widely and increasingly applied to generate patient-specific in vitro 3D cultures, starting from both primary and reprogrammed stem/progenitor cells. This has consequently fostered the development of innovative disease models and new regenerative therapies. Human primary, or adult stem/progenitor cell-derived, organoids can be derived from both healthy and pathological primary tissue samples spanning from fetal to adult age. The resulting 3D culture can be maintained for several months and even years, while retaining and resembling its original tissue's properties. As the potential of this technology expands, new approaches are emerging to further improve organoid applications in biology and medicine. This review discusses the main organs and tissues which, as of today, have been modelled in vitro using primary organoid culture systems. Moreover, we also discuss the advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of primary human organoids in the fields of developmental biology, disease modelling, drug testing and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calà
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Sina
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mattia Francesco Maria Gerli
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Organoids are a new type of 3D model for tumor research, which makes up for the shortcomings of cell lines and xenograft models, and promotes the development of personalized precision medicine. Long-term culture, expansion and storage of organoids provide the necessary conditions for the establishment of biobanks. Biobanks standardize the collection and preservation of normal or pathological specimens, as well as related clinical information. The tumor organoid biobank has a good quality control system, which is conducive to the clinical transformation and large-scale application of tumor organoids, such as disease modeling, new drug development and high-throughput drug screening. This article summarized the common tumor types of patient-derived organoid (PDO) biobanks and the necessary information for biobank construction, such as the number of organoids, morphology, success rate of culture and resuscitation, pathological types. In our results, we found that patient-derived tumor organoid (PDTO) biobanks were being established more and more, with the Netherlands, the United States, and China establishing the most. Biobanks of colorectal, pancreas, breast, glioma, and bladder cancers were established more, which reflected the relative maturity of culture techniques for these tumors. In addition, we provided insights on the precautions and future development direction of PDTO biobank building.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Our understanding of the biology of the intestinal epithelium has advanced since the establishment of an organoid culture system. Although organoids have enabled investigation of the mechanism of self-renewal of human intestinal stem cells in vitro, it remains difficult to clarify the behavior of human normal and diseased intestinal epithelium in vivo. Recently, we developed a xenotransplantation system in which human intestinal organoids are engrafted onto epithelium-depleted mouse colons. This xenograft recapitulated the original tissue structures. Upon xenotransplantation, normal colon organoids developed normal colon crypt structures without tumorigenesis, whereas tumor-derived organoids formed colonic tumors resembling the original tumors. The non-tumorigenicity of human intestinal organoids highlights the safety of organoid-based regenerative medicine. As an example of regenerative medicine for short bowel syndrome, we devised a unique organ-repurposing approach to convert colons into small intestines by organoid transplantation. In this approach, the transplanted rat small intestinal organoids not only engrafted onto the rat colons but also remodeled the colon subepithelial structures into a small intestine-like conformation. Luminal flow accelerated the maturation of villi in the small intestine, which promoted the formation of a lymphovascular network mimicking lacteals. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in gastrointestinal organoid transplantation and share our understanding of human disease biology and regenerative medicine derived from these studies.
Collapse
|
28
|
Elia E, Brownell D, Chabaud S, Bolduc S. Tissue Engineering for Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tracts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010009. [PMID: 36613452 PMCID: PMC9820091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts share several similarities. Primarily, these tissues are composed of hollow structures lined by an epithelium through which materials need to flow with the help of peristalsis brought by muscle contraction. In the case of the gastrointestinal tract, solid or liquid food must circulate to be digested and absorbed and the waste products eliminated. In the case of the urinary tract, the urine produced by the kidneys must flow to the bladder, where it is stored until its elimination from the body. Finally, in the case of the vagina, it must allow the evacuation of blood during menstruation, accommodate the male sexual organ during coitus, and is the natural way to birth a child. The present review describes the anatomy, pathologies, and treatments of such organs, emphasizing tissue engineering strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Elia
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - David Brownell
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 42282)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakanishi A, Toyama S, Onozato D, Watanabe C, Hashita T, Iwao T, Matsunaga T. Effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal organoids on colitis-model mice. Regen Ther 2022; 21:351-361. [PMID: 36161099 PMCID: PMC9471335 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by repeated remissions and relapses. Immunosuppressive drugs have facilitated the induction and maintenance of remission in many patients with UC. However, immunosuppressive drugs cannot directly repair impaired intestinal mucosa and are insufficient for preventing relapse. Therefore, new treatment approaches to repair the damaged epithelium in UC have been attempted through the transplantation of intestinal organoids, which can be differentiated into mucosa by embedding in Matrigel, generated from patient-derived intestinal stem cells. The method, however, poses the challenge of yielding sufficient cells for UC therapy, and patient-derived cells might already have acquired pathological changes. In contrast, human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generated from healthy individuals are infinitely proliferated and can be differentiated into target cells. Recently developed human iPS cell-derived intestinal organoids (HIOs) aim to generate organoids that closely resemble the adult intestine. However, no study till date has reported HIOs injected into in vivo inflammatory models, and it remains unclear whether HIOs with cells that closely resemble the adult intestine or with intestinal stem cells retain the better ability to repair tissue in colitis. Methods We generated two types of HIOs via suspension culture with and without small-molecule compounds: HIOs that include predominantly more intestinal stem cells [HIO (A)] and those that include predominantly more intestinal epithelial and secretory cells [HIO (B)]. We examined whether the generated HIOs engrafted in vivo and compared their ability to accelerate recovery of the damaged tissue. Results Findings showed that the HIOs expressed intestinal-specific markers such as caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and villin, and HIOs engrafted under the kidney capsules of mice. We then injected HIOs into colitis-model mice and found that the weight and clinical score of the mice injected with HIO (A) recovered earlier than that of the mice in the sham group. Further, the production of mucus and the expression of cell proliferation markers and tight junction proteins in the colon tissues of the HIO (A) group were restored to levels similar to those observed in healthy mice. However, neither HIO (A) nor HIO (B) could be engrafted into the colon. Conclusions Effective cell therapy should directly repair tissue by engraftment at the site of injury. However, the difference in organoid property impacting the rate of tissue repair in transplantation without engraftment observed in the current study should be considered a critical consideration in the development of regenerative medicine using iPS-derived organoids. Human iPS cell-derived intestinal organoids were generated via suspension culture. The effects of two types of intestinal organoids in vivo were compared. Intestinal organoids were engrafted under mouse kidney capsules. Intestinal organoids promoted mucosal healing in acute colitis-model mice. Organoids with a higher gene expression of intestinal stem cell had higher effects.
Collapse
Key Words
- 5-aza, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
- A-83-01, 3-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-N-phenyl-4-(4-quinolinyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide
- CDX2, caudal-type homeobox 2
- CHGA, chromogranin A
- Cell therapy
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DAPT, N-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)acetyl]-L-alanyl-2-phenyl-1,1-dime-thylethyl ester-glycine
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HIO, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal organoid
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HPRT, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Human induced pluripotent stem cell
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Intestinal organoid
- LGR5, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5
- MUC2, mucin 2
- NSG, NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ
- OLFM4, olfactomedin 4
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PD98059, 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)4-H-1-benzopyran-4-one
- SCID-Beige, CB17.Cg-PrkdcscidLystbg-J/CrlCrlj
- Suspension culture
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- Ulcerative colitis
- VIL1, villin 1
- Y-27632, (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-amino-ethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride
- iPS, induced pluripotent stem
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nakanishi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Satoshi Toyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daichi Onozato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Chihiro Watanabe
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Hashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bao L, Cui X, Bai R, Chen C. Advancing intestinal organoid technology to decipher nano-intestine interactions and treat intestinal disease. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:3976-3990. [PMID: 36465523 PMCID: PMC9685037 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With research burgeoning in nanoscience and nanotechnology, there is an urgent need to develop new biological models that can simulate native structure, function, and genetic properties of tissues to evaluate the adverse or beneficial effects of nanomaterials on a host. Among the current biological models, three-dimensional (3D) organoids have developed as powerful tools in the study of nanomaterial-biology (nano-bio) interactions, since these models can overcome many of the limitations of cell and animal models. A deep understanding of organoid techniques will facilitate the development of more efficient nanomedicines and further the fields of tissue engineering and personalized medicine. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in intestinal organoids culture systems with a focus on our understanding of the nature and influencing factors of intestinal organoid growth. We also discuss biomimetic extracellular matrices (ECMs) coupled with nanotechnology. In particular, we analyze the application prospects for intestinal organoids in investigating nano-intestine interactions. By integrating nanotechnology and organoid technology, this recently developed model will fill the gaps left due to the deficiencies of traditional cell and animal models, thus accelerating both our understanding of intestine-related nanotoxicity and the development of nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou, 510700 China
| | - Ru Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou, 510700 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Takahashi J, Mizutani T, Sugihara HY, Nagata S, Kato S, Hiraguri Y, Takeoka S, Tsuchiya M, Kuno R, Kakinuma S, Watanabe M, Okamoto R. Suspension culture in a rotating bioreactor for efficient generation of human intestinal organoids. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100337. [PMID: 36452871 PMCID: PMC9701612 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold great promise for translational medical applications. A common method to obtain HIOs has been to harvest floating hindgut spheroids arising from hPSCs. As this technique is elegant but burdensome due to the complex protocol and line-to-line variability, a more feasible method is desired. Here, we establish a robust differentiation method into suspension-cultured HIOs (s-HIOs) by seeding dissociated cells on a spheroid-forming plate. This protocol realizes the reliable generation of size-controllable spheroids. Under optimized conditions in a rotating bioreactor, the generated spheroids quickly grow and mature into large s-HIOs with supporting mesenchyme. Upon mesenteric transplantation, s-HIOs further mature and develop complex tissue architecture in vivo. This method demonstrates that intestinal tissue can be generated from iPSC-derived HIOs via suspension induction and bioreactor maturation, establishing a reliable culture platform with wide applications in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Mizutani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hady Yuki Sugihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nagata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yui Hiraguri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sayaka Takeoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mao Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Reiko Kuno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sei Kakinuma
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mamoru Watanabe
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ishikawa K, Sugimoto S, Oda M, Fujii M, Takahashi S, Ohta Y, Takano A, Ishimaru K, Matano M, Yoshida K, Hanyu H, Toshimitsu K, Sawada K, Shimokawa M, Saito M, Kawasaki K, Ishii R, Taniguchi K, Imamura T, Kanai T, Sato T. Identification of Quiescent LGR5 + Stem Cells in the Human Colon. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1391-1406.e24. [PMID: 35963362 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In the mouse intestinal epithelium, Lgr5+ stem cells are vulnerable to injury, owing to their predominantly cycling nature, and their progenies de-differentiate to replenish the stem cell pool. However, how human colonic stem cells behave in homeostasis and during regeneration remains unknown. METHODS Transcriptional heterogeneity among colonic epithelial cells was analyzed by means of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human and mouse colonic epithelial cells. To trace the fate of human colonic stem or differentiated cells, we generated LGR5-tdTomato, LGR5-iCasase9-tdTomato, LGR5-split-Cre, and KRT20-ERCreER knock-in human colon organoids via genome engineering. p27+ dormant cells were further visualized with the p27-mVenus reporter. To analyze the dynamics of human colonic stem cells in vivo, we orthotopically xenotransplanted fluorescence-labeled human colon organoids into immune-deficient mice. The cell cycle dynamics in xenograft cells were evaluated using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine pulse-chase analysis. The clonogenic capacity of slow-cycling human stem cells or differentiated cells was analyzed in the context of homeostasis, LGR5 ablation, and 5-fluorouracil-induced mucosal injury. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis illuminated the presence of nondividing LGR5+ stem cells in the human colon. Visualization and lineage tracing of slow-cycling LGR5+p27+ cells and orthotopic xenotransplantation validated their homeostatic lineage-forming capability in vivo, which was augmented by 5-FU-induced mucosal damage. Transforming growth factor-β signaling regulated the quiescent state of LGR5+ cells. Despite the plasticity of differentiated KRT20+ cells, they did not display clonal growth after 5-FU-induced injury, suggesting that occupation of the niche environment by LGR5+p27+ cells prevented neighboring differentiated cells from de-differentiating. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the quiescent nature of human LGR5+ colonic stem cells and their contribution to post-injury regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ishikawa
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Oda
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujii
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirirat Takahashi
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohta
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Takano
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Matano
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hanyu
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohta Toshimitsu
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Sawada
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Shimokawa
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumu Saito
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company, Limited, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Ishii
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koji Taniguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Imamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nicolas AM, Pesic M, Rödel F, Fokas E, Greten FR. Image-guided radiotherapy in an orthotopic mouse model of rectal cancer. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101749. [PMID: 36206161 PMCID: PMC9547293 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiobiology research in rectal cancer has been limited to cell lines, patient-derived organoids (PDOs), or xenografts. Here, we describe a protocol which recapitulates more efficiently the complex contributions of the tumor microenvironment. This approach establishes a preclinical mouse model of rectal cancer by intrarectal transplantation of genetically modified organoids into immunocompetent mice followed by precise image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) of organoid-induced tumors. This model represents a useful platform to study the cellular and molecular determinants of therapy resistance in rectal cancer. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Nicolas et al. (2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adele M. Nicolas
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marina Pesic
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Franz Rödel
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,Department Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,Department Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian R. Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Q, Guo F, Jin Y, Ma Y. Applications of human organoids in the personalized treatment for digestive diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:336. [PMID: 36167824 PMCID: PMC9513303 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system diseases arise primarily through the interplay of genetic and environmental influences; there is an urgent need in elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases and deploy personalized treatments. Traditional and long-established model systems rarely reproduce either tissue complexity or human physiology faithfully; these shortcomings underscore the need for better models. Organoids represent a promising research model, helping us gain a more profound understanding of the digestive organs; this model can also be used to provide patients with precise and individualized treatment and to build rapid in vitro test models for drug screening or gene/cell therapy, linking basic research with clinical treatment. Over the past few decades, the use of organoids has led to an advanced understanding of the composition of each digestive organ and has facilitated disease modeling, chemotherapy dose prediction, CRISPR-Cas9 genetic intervention, high-throughput drug screening, and identification of SARS-CoV-2 targets, pathogenic infection. However, the existing organoids of the digestive system mainly include the epithelial system. In order to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of digestive diseases, it is necessary to establish a completer and more physiological organoid model. Combining organoids and advanced techniques to test individualized treatments of different formulations is a promising approach that requires further exploration. This review highlights the advancements in the field of organoid technology from the perspectives of disease modeling and personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanying Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pond KW, Morris JM, Alkhimenok O, Varghese RP, Cabel CR, Ellis NA, Chakrabarti J, Zavros Y, Merchant JL, Thorne CA, Paek AL. Live-cell imaging in human colonic monolayers reveals ERK waves limit the stem cell compartment to maintain epithelial homeostasis. eLife 2022; 11:e78837. [PMID: 36094159 PMCID: PMC9499537 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment and maintenance of different cellular compartments in tissues is a universal requirement across all metazoans. Maintaining the correct ratio of cell types in time and space allows tissues to form patterned compartments and perform complex functions. Patterning is especially evident in the human colon, where tissue homeostasis is maintained by stem cells in crypt structures that balance proliferation and differentiation. Here, we developed a human 2D patient derived organoid screening platform to study tissue patterning and kinase pathway dynamics in single cells. Using this system, we discovered that waves of ERK signaling induced by apoptotic cells play a critical role in maintaining tissue patterning and homeostasis. If ERK is activated acutely across all cells instead of in wave-like patterns, then tissue patterning and stem cells are lost. Conversely, if ERK activity is inhibited, then stem cells become unrestricted and expand dramatically. This work demonstrates that the colonic epithelium requires coordinated ERK signaling dynamics to maintain patterning and tissue homeostasis. Our work reveals how ERK can antagonize stem cells while supporting cell replacement and the function of the gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin W Pond
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonUnited States
| | - Julia M Morris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Olga Alkhimenok
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Reeba P Varghese
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Carly R Cabel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Nathan A Ellis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonUnited States
| | - Jayati Chakrabarti
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Yana Zavros
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonUnited States
| | | | - Curtis A Thorne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonUnited States
| | - Andrew L Paek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Identification of trypsin-degrading commensals in the large intestine. Nature 2022; 609:582-589. [PMID: 36071157 PMCID: PMC9477747 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of proteases, such as trypsin, in the distal intestine have been implicated in intestinal pathological conditions1–3. However, the players and mechanisms that underlie protease regulation in the intestinal lumen have remained unclear. Here we show that Paraprevotella strains isolated from the faecal microbiome of healthy human donors are potent trypsin-degrading commensals. Mechanistically, Paraprevotella recruit trypsin to the bacterial surface through type IX secretion system-dependent polysaccharide-anchoring proteins to promote trypsin autolysis. Paraprevotella colonization protects IgA from trypsin degradation and enhances the effectiveness of oral vaccines against Citrobacter rodentium. Moreover, Paraprevotella colonization inhibits lethal infection with murine hepatitis virus-2, a mouse coronavirus that is dependent on trypsin and trypsin-like proteases for entry into host cells4,5. Consistently, carriage of putative genes involved in trypsin degradation in the gut microbiome was associated with reduced severity of diarrhoea in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, trypsin-degrading commensal colonization may contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and protection from pathogen infection. Colonization of trypsin-degrading commensal bacteria may contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and protection against pathogen infection in humans and mice.
Collapse
|
37
|
Günther C, Winner B, Neurath MF, Stappenbeck TS. Organoids in gastrointestinal diseases: from experimental models to clinical translation. Gut 2022; 71:1892-1908. [PMID: 35636923 PMCID: PMC9380493 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We are entering an era of medicine where increasingly sophisticated data will be obtained from patients to determine proper diagnosis, predict outcomes and direct therapies. We predict that the most valuable data will be produced by systems that are highly dynamic in both time and space. Three-dimensional (3D) organoids are poised to be such a highly valuable system for a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. In the lab, organoids have emerged as powerful systems to model molecular and cellular processes orchestrating natural and pathophysiological human tissue formation in remarkable detail. Preclinical studies have impressively demonstrated that these organs-in-a-dish can be used to model immunological, neoplastic, metabolic or infectious GI disorders by taking advantage of patient-derived material. Technological breakthroughs now allow to study cellular communication and molecular mechanisms of interorgan cross-talk in health and disease including communication along for example, the gut-brain axis or gut-liver axis. Despite considerable success in culturing classical 3D organoids from various parts of the GI tract, some challenges remain to develop these systems to best help patients. Novel platforms such as organ-on-a-chip, engineered biomimetic systems including engineered organoids, micromanufacturing, bioprinting and enhanced rigour and reproducibility will open improved avenues for tissue engineering, as well as regenerative and personalised medicine. This review will highlight some of the established methods and also some exciting novel perspectives on organoids in the fields of gastroenterology. At present, this field is poised to move forward and impact many currently intractable GI diseases in the form of novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thaddeus S Stappenbeck
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Modeling Colorectal Cancer Progression Reveals Niche-Dependent Clonal Selection. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174260. [PMID: 36077793 PMCID: PMC9454531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the deadliest cancers worldwide, with metastasis being the main cause of patient mortality. During CRC progression the complex tumor ecosystem changes in its composition at virtually every stage. However, clonal dynamics and associated niche-dependencies at these stages are unknown. Hence, it is of importance to utilize models that faithfully recapitulate human CRC to define its clonal dynamics. We used an optical barcoding approach in mouse-derived organoids (MDOs) that revealed niche-dependent clonal selection. Our findings highlight that clonal selection is controlled by a site-specific niche, which critically contributes to cancer heterogeneity and has implications for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ohta Y, Fujii M, Takahashi S, Takano A, Nanki K, Matano M, Hanyu H, Saito M, Shimokawa M, Nishikori S, Hatano Y, Ishii R, Sawada K, Machinaga A, Ikeda W, Imamura T, Sato T. Cell-matrix interface regulates dormancy in human colon cancer stem cells. Nature 2022; 608:784-794. [PMID: 35798028 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer relapse after chemotherapy remains a main cause of cancer-related death. Although the relapse is thought to result from the propagation of resident cancer stem cells1, a lack of experimental platforms that enable the prospective analysis of cancer stem cell dynamics with sufficient spatiotemporal resolution has hindered the testing of this hypothesis. Here we develop a live genetic lineage-tracing system that allows the longitudinal tracking of individual cells in xenotransplanted human colorectal cancer organoids, and identify LGR5+ cancer stem cells that exhibit a dormant behaviour in a chemo-naive state. Dormant LGR5+ cells are marked by the expression of p27, and intravital imaging provides direct evidence of the persistence of LGR5+p27+ cells during chemotherapy, followed by clonal expansion. Transcriptome analysis reveals that COL17A1-a cell-adhesion molecule that strengthens hemidesmosomes-is upregulated in dormant LGR5+p27+ cells. Organoids in which COL17A1 is knocked out lose the dormant LGR5+p27+ subpopulation and become sensitive to chemotherapy, which suggests that the cell-matrix interface has a role in the maintenance of dormancy. Chemotherapy disrupts COL17A1 and breaks the dormancy in LGR5+p27+ cells through FAK-YAP activation. Abrogation of YAP signalling prevents chemoresistant cells from exiting dormancy and delays the regrowth of tumours, highlighting the therapeutic potential of YAP inhibition in preventing cancer relapse. These results offer a viable therapeutic approach to overcome the refractoriness of human colorectal cancer to conventional chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohta
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujii
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirirat Takahashi
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Takano
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosaku Nanki
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Matano
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hanyu
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumu Saito
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company, Otsu, Japan
| | - Mariko Shimokawa
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Nishikori
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hatano
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Ishii
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Sawada
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takeshi Imamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fowler JC, Jones PH. Somatic Mutation: What Shapes the Mutational Landscape of Normal Epithelia? Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1642-1655. [PMID: 35397477 PMCID: PMC7613026 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial stem cells accumulate mutations throughout life. Some of these mutants increase competitive fitness and may form clones that colonize the stem cell niche and persist to acquire further genome alterations. After a transient expansion, mutant stem cells must revert to homeostatic behavior so normal tissue architecture is maintained. Some positively selected mutants may promote cancer development, whereas others inhibit carcinogenesis. Factors that shape the mutational landscape include wild-type and mutant stem cell dynamics, competition for the niche, and environmental exposures. Understanding these processes may give new insight into the basis of cancer risk and opportunities for cancer prevention. SIGNIFICANCE Recent advances in sequencing have found somatic mutations in all epithelial tissues studied to date. Here we review how the mutational landscape of normal epithelia is shaped by clonal competition within the stem cell niche combined with environmental exposures. Some of the selected mutant genes are oncogenic, whereas others may be inhibitory of transformation. Discoveries in this area leave many open questions, such as the definition of cancer driver genes, the mechanisms by which tissues constrain a high proportion of oncogenic mutant cells, and whether clonal fitness can be modulated to decrease cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip H Jones
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tullie L, Jones BC, De Coppi P, Li VSW. Building gut from scratch - progress and update of intestinal tissue engineering. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:417-431. [PMID: 35241800 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS), a condition defined by insufficient absorptive intestinal epithelium, is a rare disease, with an estimated prevalence up to 0.4 in 10,000 people. However, it has substantial morbidity and mortality for affected patients. The mainstay of treatment in SBS is supportive, in the form of intravenous parenteral nutrition, with the aim of achieving intestinal autonomy. The lack of a definitive curative therapy has led to attempts to harness innate developmental and regenerative mechanisms to engineer neo-intestine as an alternative approach to addressing this unmet clinical need. Exciting advances have been made in the field of intestinal tissue engineering (ITE) over the past decade, making a review in this field timely. In this Review, we discuss the latest advances in the components required to engineer intestinal grafts and summarize the progress of ITE. We also explore some key factors to consider and challenges to overcome when transitioning tissue-engineered intestine towards clinical translation, and provide the future outlook of ITE in therapeutic applications and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Tullie
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brendan C Jones
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. .,Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Vivian S W Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yamaguchi S, Kanetaka K, Maruya Y, Higashi M, Kobayashi S, Hashiguchi K, Oohashi F, Sakai Y, Nakao K, Eguchi S. Highly feasible procedure for laparoscopic transplantation of cell sheets under pneumoperitoneum in porcine model. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:3911-3919. [PMID: 34494154 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell sheet technology is one of the most successful methodologies in regenerative medicine. Various applications of cell sheets have been introduced in first-in-human studies in several clinical fields. When transplanting a cell sheet into internal organs, a relatively large incision is required for delivery due to difficulty handling the sheet. We developed a laparoscopic delivery procedure for safe and easy transplantation of cell sheets in a porcine model. METHODS Pneumoperitoneum was established by inflation with CO2. First, to increase the strength during handling, fibrin was sprayed onto the surface of the cell sheet, and then a myoblast sheet was placed onto the newly developed carrier. The sheets were pinched with laparoscopic forceps to insert into the abdominal cavity through the laparoscopic port. Myoblast sheets were then applied to the surface of the liver, colon, small intestine, and stomach, and procedure times were measured. At three days post transplantation, a histopathological examination was performed to confirm engraftment of the sheet. The function and engraftment were also analyzed in a duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) model. RESULTS The fibrin-processed myoblast sheet was able to be managed with conventional laparoscopic forceps without breaking. Despite the drastic change in air pressure by passing through the laparoscopic port, the sheets suffered no apparent damage. The transplantation procedure times did not markedly differ among transplant sites. A histopathological examination revealed thin-layered, desmin-positive cells at each transplant site. With transplantation following ESD, the engrafted myoblast sheets effectively prevented delayed perforation. CONCLUSIONS Our procedure is simple, and the system involves a carrier made of medically fit silicon, commercially available fibrin glue and conventional laparoscopic forceps. Our procedure is a powerful tool for laparoscopical cell sheet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Kengo Kanetaka
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Therapeutics in Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Maruya
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Therapeutics in Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Miki Higashi
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Therapeutics in Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hashiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Fumiya Oohashi
- Terumo Corporation, 2-44-1 Hatagaya Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 1510072, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| | - Susumu Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yang D, Luo F, Wang B, Jin B, Liu J. Effects of Immune Cells on Intestinal Stem Cells: Prospects for Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2296-2314. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Organoid screening reveals epigenetic vulnerabilities in human colorectal cancer. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:605-614. [PMID: 35273398 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Precision oncology presumes an accurate prediction of drug response on the basis of the molecular profile of tumors. However, the extent to which patient-derived tumor organoids recapitulate the response of in vivo tumors to a given drug remains obscure. To gain insights into the pharmacobiology of human colorectal cancer (CRC), we here created a robust drug screening platform for patient-derived colorectal organoids. Application of suspension culture increased organoid scalability, and a refinement of the culture condition enabled incorporation of normal and precursor organoids to high-throughput drug screening. Drug screening identified bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) bromodomain protein inhibitor as a cancer-selective growth suppressor that targets genes aberrantly activated in CRC. A multi-omics analysis identified an association between checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domaines (CHFR) silencing and paclitaxel sensitivity, which was further validated by gene engineering of organoids and in xenografts. Our findings highlight the utility of multiparametric validation in enhancing the biological and clinical fidelity of a drug screening system.
Collapse
|
45
|
Boye TL, Steenholdt C, Jensen KB, Nielsen OH. Molecular manipulations and intestinal stem cell-derived organoids in inflammatory bowel disease. Stem Cells 2022; 40:447-457. [DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and a broadly dysregulated intestinal immune response to the commensal intestinal microflora. The interface between genetic predisposition and environmental factors is reflected in the epigenetic regulation at the transcriptional level. Treatment targets now involve mucosal and histological healing, but the future might additionally include normalization of intestinal cellular functions also at the molecular level, for example comprising complete restoration of phenotypic, genotypic, and epigenetic states. Recent developments in patient-derived epithelial intestinal stem cell (ISC) organoid technologies have opened exciting new therapeutic opportunities to potentially attain molecular healing by combining stem cell therapy with molecular manipulations using (epi)drugs and/or CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Here, we are the first to discuss the possibility for phenotypic, genotypic, and epigenetic restoration via molecular manipulations and stem cell therapy in IBD from a clinical perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Louise Boye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Casper Steenholdt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kim Bak Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Ole Haagen Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jang H, Kim SH, Koh Y, Yoon KJ. Engineering Brain Organoids: Toward Mature Neural Circuitry with an Intact Cytoarchitecture. Int J Stem Cells 2022; 15:41-59. [PMID: 35220291 PMCID: PMC8889333 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of brain organoids as a model system has been a tremendously exciting development in the field of neuroscience. Brain organoids are a gateway to exploring the intricacies of human-specific neurogenesis that have so far eluded the neuroscience community. Regardless, current culture methods have a long way to go in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. To perfectly mimic the human brain, we need to recapitulate the complex in vivo context of the human fetal brain and achieve mature neural circuitry with an intact cytoarchitecture. In this review, we explore the major challenges facing the current brain organoid systems, potential technical breakthroughs to advance brain organoid techniques up to levels similar to an in vivo human developing brain, and the future prospects of this technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsoo Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youmin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Jun Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
- KAIST-Wonjin Cell Therapy Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nicolas AM, Pesic M, Engel E, Ziegler PK, Diefenhardt M, Kennel KB, Buettner F, Conche C, Petrocelli V, Elwakeel E, Weigert A, Zinoveva A, Fleischmann M, Häupl B, Karakütük C, Bohnenberger H, Mosa MH, Kaderali L, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi M, Rödel F, Arkan MC, Oellerich T, Rödel C, Fokas E, Greten FR. Inflammatory fibroblasts mediate resistance to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:168-184.e13. [PMID: 35120600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Standard cancer therapy targets tumor cells without considering possible damage on the tumor microenvironment that could impair therapy response. In rectal cancer patients we find that inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) are associated with poor chemoradiotherapy response. Employing a murine rectal cancer model or patient-derived tumor organoids and primary stroma cells, we show that, upon irradiation, interleukin-1α (IL-1α) not only polarizes cancer-associated fibroblasts toward the inflammatory phenotype but also triggers oxidative DNA damage, thereby predisposing iCAFs to p53-mediated therapy-induced senescence, which in turn results in chemoradiotherapy resistance and disease progression. Consistently, IL-1 inhibition, prevention of iCAFs senescence, or senolytic therapy sensitizes mice to irradiation, while lower IL-1 receptor antagonist serum levels in rectal patients correlate with poor prognosis. Collectively, we unravel a critical role for iCAFs in rectal cancer therapy resistance and identify IL-1 signaling as an attractive target for stroma-repolarization and prevention of cancer-associated fibroblasts senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adele M Nicolas
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marina Pesic
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Esther Engel
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Paul K Ziegler
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Markus Diefenhardt
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; University Cancer Center Frankfurt Marburg (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Kilian B Kennel
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Florian Buettner
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Claire Conche
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Valentina Petrocelli
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Eiman Elwakeel
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Anna Zinoveva
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fleischmann
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; University Cancer Center Frankfurt Marburg (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Björn Häupl
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Cem Karakütük
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Mohammed H Mosa
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Lars Kaderali
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franz Rödel
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; University Cancer Center Frankfurt Marburg (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Melek C Arkan
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Claus Rödel
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; University Cancer Center Frankfurt Marburg (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; University Cancer Center Frankfurt Marburg (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian R Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Watanabe S, Kobayashi S, Ogasawara N, Okamoto R, Nakamura T, Watanabe M, Jensen KB, Yui S. Transplantation of intestinal organoids into a mouse model of colitis. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:649-671. [PMID: 35110738 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal organoids are fundamental in vitro tools that have enabled new research opportunities in intestinal stem cell research. Organoids can also be transplanted in vivo, which enables them to probe stem cell potential and be used for disease modeling and as a preclinical tool in regenerative medicine. Here we describe in detail how to orthotopically transplant epithelial organoids into the colon of recipient mice. In this assay, epithelial injury is initiated at the distal part of colon by the administration of dextran sulfate sodium, and organoids are infused into the luminal space via the anus. The infused organoids subsequently attach to the injured region and rebuild a donor-derived epithelium. The steps for cell infusion can be completed in 10 min. The assay has been applied successfully to organoids derived from both wild-type and genetically altered epithelial cells from adult colonic and small intestinal epithelium, as well as fetal small intestine. This is a versatile protocol, providing the technical basis for transplantation following alternative colonic injury models. It has been used previously for functional assays to probe cellular potential, and formed the basis for the first in-human clinical trial using colonic organoid transplantation therapy for intractable cases of ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakurako Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ogasawara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakamura
- Department of Research and Development for Organoids, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Watanabe
- Advanced Research Institute (IBD Lab), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kim B Jensen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Shiro Yui
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gu W, Wang H, Huang X, Kraiczy J, Singh PNP, Ng C, Dagdeviren S, Houghton S, Pellon-Cardenas O, Lan Y, Nie Y, Zhang J, Banerjee KK, Onufer EJ, Warner BW, Spence J, Scherl E, Rafii S, Lee RT, Verzi MP, Redmond D, Longman R, Helin K, Shivdasani RA, Zhou Q. SATB2 preserves colon stem cell identity and mediates ileum-colon conversion via enhancer remodeling. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:101-115.e10. [PMID: 34582804 PMCID: PMC8741647 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells maintain regenerative tissue structure and function by producing tissue-specific progeny, but the factors that preserve their tissue identities are not well understood. The small and large intestines differ markedly in cell composition and function, reflecting their distinct stem cell populations. Here we show that SATB2, a colon-restricted chromatin factor, singularly preserves LGR5+ adult colonic stem cell and epithelial identity in mice and humans. Satb2 loss in adult mice leads to stable conversion of colonic stem cells into small intestine ileal-like stem cells and replacement of the colonic mucosa with one that resembles the ileum. Conversely, SATB2 confers colonic properties on the mouse ileum. Human colonic organoids also adopt ileal characteristics upon SATB2 loss. SATB2 regulates colonic identity in part by modulating enhancer binding of the intestinal transcription factors CDX2 and HNF4A. Our study uncovers a conserved core regulator of colonic stem cells able to mediate cross-tissue plasticity in mature intestines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Cell Biology Program and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 430 E 67th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Judith Kraiczy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pratik N. P. Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Charles Ng
- Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1283 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sezin Dagdeviren
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Sean Houghton
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Oscar Pellon-Cardenas
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ying Lan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yaohui Nie
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jiaoyue Zhang
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kushal K Banerjee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Emily J. Onufer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Brad W. Warner
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jason Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ellen Scherl
- Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1283 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Michael P. Verzi
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Randy Longman
- Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1283 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kristian Helin
- Cell Biology Program and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 430 E 67th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA,Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200 Denmark,The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Biology (Danstem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Ramesh A. Shivdasani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Division of Regenerative Medicine & Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA,Lead Contact ()
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sugimoto S, Iwao Y, Shimoda M, Takabayashi K, Sato T, Kanai T. Epithelium Replacement Contributes to Field Expansion of Squamous Epithelium and Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Neoplasia. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:334-337.e5. [PMID: 34597671 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Iwao
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimoda
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takabayashi
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|