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Ochiai T, Nacher JC. Determining cellular lineage directed networks in hematopoiesis using single-cell transcriptomic data and volatility-constrained correlation. Biosystems 2024:105248. [PMID: 38871242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular processes by enabling the analysis of expression profiles at an individual cell level. This technology has shown promise in uncovering new cell types, gene functions, cell differentiation, and trajectory inference through the study of various biological processes, such as hematopoiesis. Recent scRNA-seq analysis of mouse bone marrow cells has provided a network model of hematopoietic lineage. However, all data analyses have predicted undirected network maps for the associated cell trajectories. Moreover, the debate regarding the origin of basophil cells still persists. In this work, we apply the Volatility Constrained (VC) correlation method to predict not only the network structure but also the causality or directionality between the cell types present in the hematopoietic process. Our findings suggest a dual origin of basophils, from both granulocyte/macrophage and erythrocyte progenitors, the latter being a trajectory less explored in previous research. The proposed approach and predictions may assist in developing a complete hematopoietic process map, impacting our understanding of hematopoiesis and providing a robust directional network framework for further biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoshiro Ochiai
- Faculty of Social Information Studies, Otsuma Women's University, 12 Sanban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8357, Japan.
| | - Jose C Nacher
- Department of Information Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
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2
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Heuer A, Löwhagen S, Uhlig S, Hetjens S, Büttner S, Pflästerer B, Diehlmann A, Klein S, Klüter H, Bieback K, Wuchter P. Flow Cytometric Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Subpopulations in Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Preparations after Cryopreservation. Transfus Med Hemother 2023; 50:417-427. [PMID: 37899990 PMCID: PMC10601604 DOI: 10.1159/000533624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autologous stem cell transplantation is a successful routine procedure with only a small number of non-engraftment cases, although the time to hematopoietic recovery may vary considerably across patients. While CD34 has been the decisive marker for enumerating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for more than 30 years, the impact of CD34-positive cellular subpopulations in autologous HSPC grafts on hematopoietic reconstitution remains unclear. Methods The two-color ISHAGE protocol represents the current gold standard for CD34+ cell enumeration but includes only the number of viable CD45+/CD34+ cells relative to the body weight of the recipient. We adapted a multicolor flow cytometry marker panel for advanced characterization of CD34 subpopulations in retained samples of autologous peripheral blood stem cell products (n = 49), which had been cryostored for a wide range from 4 to 15 years. The flow cytometric analysis included CD10, CD34, CD38, CD45, CD45RA, CD133, and viability staining with 7AAD. The findings were correlated with clinical engraftment data, including reconstitution of leukocytes, neutrophils, and platelets after transplantation (TPL). Results We demonstrated that the identification of autologous HSPC subpopulations by flow cytometry after cryopreservation is feasible. Regarding the distribution of HSPC subpopulations, a markedly different pattern was observed in comparison to previously published data obtained using fresh autologous material. Our data revealed the largest ratio of lympho-myeloid progenitors (LMPPs) after freezing and thawing, followed by multipotent progenitors and erythroid-myeloid progenitors. A high ratio of LMPPs, representing an immature stage of differentiation, correlated significantly with early neutrophilic granulocyte and leukocyte engraftment (p = 0.025 and p = 0.003). Conversely, a large ratio of differentiated cells correlated with late engraftment of neutrophilic granulocytes (p = 0.024). Overall, successful engraftment was documented for all patients. Conclusion We established an advanced flow cytometry panel to assess the differentiation ability of cryostored autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts and correlated it with timely hematopoietic reconstitution. This approach represents a novel and comprehensive way to identify hematopoietic stem and progenitor subpopulations. It is a feasible way to indicate the engraftment capacity of stem cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Heuer
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svea Löwhagen
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- FlowCore, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Medical Statistics, Biomathematics and Information Processing, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sylvia Büttner
- Medical Statistics, Biomathematics and Information Processing, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Britta Pflästerer
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anke Diehlmann
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Klein
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- FlowCore, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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3
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Lewis JE, Hergott CB. The Immunophenotypic Profile of Healthy Human Bone Marrow. Clin Lab Med 2023; 43:323-332. [PMID: 37481314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry enables multiparametric characterization of hematopoietic cell immunophenotype. Deviations from normal immunophenotypic patterns comprise a cardinal feature of many hematopoietic neoplasms, underscoring the ongoing essentiality of flow cytometry as a diagnostic tool. However, understanding of aberrant hematopoiesis requires an equal understanding of normal hematopoiesis as a comparator. In this review, we outline key features of healthy adult hematopoiesis and lineage specification as illuminated by flow cytometry and provide diagrams illustrating what a diagnostician may observe in flow cytometric plots. These features provide a profile of baseline hematopoiesis, to which clinical samples with suspected neoplasia may be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Lewis
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher B Hergott
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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4
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Uslu Bıçak İ, Tokcan B, Yavuz AS, Sözer Tokdemir S. Circulating CD133+/–CD34– Have Increased c- MYC Expression in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Turk J Haematol 2023; 40:28-36. [PMID: 36458557 PMCID: PMC9979741 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2022.2022.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-originated diseases with clonal myeloproliferation. The constitutive activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is frequently detected in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph–) MPNs with an acquired JAK2V617F mutation. The c-MYC proto-oncogene is associated with malignant growth and cellular transformation, and JAK2V617F was previously shown to induce constitutive expression of c-MYC. This study examines the expressional profile of c-MYC in Ph– MPNs with JAK2V617F and highlights its hierarchical level of activation in circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) subgroups. Materials and Methods Mononuclear cells (MNCs) of Ph– MPNs were fluorochrome-labeled in situ with wild-type (wt) JAK2 or JAK2V617F mRNA gold nanoparticle technology and sorted simultaneously. Isolated populations of JAK2wt or JAK2V617F were evaluated for their c-MYC expressions. The MNCs of 14 Ph– MPNs were further isolated for the study of HSPC subgroups regarding their CD34 and CD133 expressions, evaluated for the presence of JAK2V617F, and compared to cord blood (CB) counterparts for the expression of c-MYC. Results The mRNA-labeled gold nanoparticle-treated MNCs were determined to have the highest ratio of c-MYC relative fold-change expression in the biallelic JAK2V617F compartment compared to JAK2wt. The relative c-MYC expression in MNCs of MPNs was significantly increased compared to CB (p=0.01). The circulating HSPCs of CD133+/–CD34− MPNs had statistically significantly elevated c-MYC expression compared to CB. Conclusion This is the first study of circulating CD133+/–CD34− cells in Ph– MPNs and it has revealed elevated c-MYC expression levels in HSCs/endothelial progenitor cells (HSCs/EPCs) and EPCs. Furthermore, the steady increase in the expression of c-MYC within MNCs carrying no mutations and monoallelic or biallelic JAK2V617F transcripts was notable. The presence of JAK2V617F with respect to c-MYC expression in the circulating HSCs/EPCs and EPCs of MPNs might provide some evidence for the initiation of JAK2V617F and propagation of disease. Further studies are needed to clarify the implications of increased c-MYC expression in such populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- İldeniz Uslu Bıçak
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,İstanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Berkay Tokcan
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,İstanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Akif Selim Yavuz
- İstanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selçuk Sözer Tokdemir
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye E-mail:
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5
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Lang JB, Buck MC, Rivière J, Stambouli O, Sachenbacher K, Choudhary P, Dietz H, Giebel B, Bassermann F, Oostendorp RAJ, Götze KS, Hecker JS. Comparative analysis of extracellular vesicle isolation methods from human AML bone marrow cells and AML cell lines. Front Oncol 2022; 12:949261. [PMID: 36263223 PMCID: PMC9574064 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.949261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular crosstalk between hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and the bone marrow (BM) niche is vital for the development and maintenance of myeloid malignancies. These compartments can communicate via bidirectional transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EV trafficking in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) plays a crucial role in shaping the BM microenvironment into a leukemia-permissive niche. Although several EV isolation methods have been developed, it remains a major challenge to define the most accurate and reliable procedure. Here, we tested the efficacy and functional assay compatibility of four different EV isolation methods in leukemia-derived EVs: (1) membrane affinity-based: exoEasy Kit alone and (2) in combination with Amicon filtration; (3) precipitation: ExoQuick-TC; and (4) ultracentrifugation (UC). Western blot analysis of EV fractions showed the highest enrichment of EV marker expression (e.g., CD63, HSP70, and TSG101) by precipitation with removal of overabundant soluble proteins [e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA)], which were not discarded using UC. Besides the presence of damaged EVs after UC, intact EVs were successfully isolated with all methods as evidenced by highly maintained spherical- and cup-shaped vesicles in transmission electron microscopy. Nanoparticle tracking analysis of EV particle size and concentration revealed significant differences in EV isolation efficacy, with exoEasy Kit providing the highest EV yield recovery. Of note, functional assays with exoEasy Kit-isolated EVs showed significant toxicity towards treated target cells [e.g., mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)], which was abrogated when combining exoEasy Kit with Amicon filtration. Additionally, MSC treated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged exoEasy Kit-isolated EVs did not show any EV uptake, while EV isolation by precipitation demonstrated efficient EV internalization. Taken together, the choice of EV isolation procedure significantly impacts the yield and potential functionality of leukemia-derived EVs. The cheapest method (UC) resulted in contaminated and destructed EV fractions, while the isolation method with the highest EV yield (exoEasy Kit) appeared to be incompatible with functional assays. We identified two methods (precipitation-based ExoQuick-TC and membrane affinity-based exoEasy Kit combined with Amicon filtration) yielding pure and intact EVs, also suitable for application in functional assays. This study highlights the importance of selecting the right EV isolation method depending on the desired experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas B. Lang
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Michèle C. Buck
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Rivière
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Oumaima Stambouli
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Sachenbacher
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Purva Choudhary
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Dietz
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Robert A. J. Oostendorp
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina S. Götze
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith S. Hecker
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Judith S. Hecker,
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6
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Asymmetric organelle inheritance predicts human blood stem cell fate. Blood 2021; 139:2011-2023. [PMID: 34314497 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding human hematopoietic stem cell fate control is important for their improved therapeutic manipulation. Asymmetric cell division, the asymmetric inheritance of factors during division instructing future daughter cell fates, was recently described in mouse blood stem cells. In human blood stem cells, the possible existence of asymmetric cell division remained unclear due to technical challenges in its direct observation. Here, we use long-term quantitative single-cell imaging to show that lysosomes and active mitochondria are asymmetrically inherited in human blood stem cells and that their inheritance is a coordinated, non-random process. Furthermore, multiple additional organelles, including autophagosomes, mitophagosomes, autolysosomes and recycling endosomes show preferential asymmetric co-segregation with lysosomes. Importantly, asymmetric lysosomal inheritance predicts future asymmetric daughter cell cycle length, differentiation and stem cell marker expression, while asymmetric inheritance of active mitochondria correlates with daughter metabolic activity. Hence, human hematopoietic stem cell fates are regulated by asymmetric cell division, with both mechanistic evolutionary conservation and differences to the mouse system.
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7
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Ianni A, Hofmann M, Kumari P, Tarighi S, Al-Tamari HM, Görgens A, Giebel B, Nolte H, Krüger M, Salwig I, Pullamsetti SS, Günther A, Schneider A, Braun T. Depletion of Numb and Numblike in Murine Lung Epithelial Cells Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis by Inhibiting the β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639162. [PMID: 34124033 PMCID: PMC8187792 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents the most aggressive form of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and is a highly debilitating disorder with a poorly understood etiology. The lung epithelium seems to play a critical role in the initiation and progression of the disease. A repeated injury of lung epithelial cells prompts type II alveolar cells to secrete pro-fibrotic cytokines, which induces differentiation of resident mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblasts, thus promoting aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and formation of fibrotic lesions. Reactivation of developmental pathways such as the Wnt-β-catenin signaling cascade in lung epithelial cells plays a critical role in this process, but the underlying mechanisms are still enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the membrane-associated protein NUMB is required for pathological activation of β-catenin signaling in lung epithelial cells following bleomycin-induced injury. Importantly, depletion of Numb and Numblike reduces accumulation of fibrotic lesions, preserves lung functions, and increases survival rates after bleomycin treatment of mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that NUMB interacts with casein kinase 2 (CK2) and relies on CK2 to activate β-catenin signaling. We propose that pharmacological inhibition of NUMB signaling may represent an effective strategy for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ianni
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Michael Hofmann
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shahriar Tarighi
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hamza M Al-Tamari
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD)-Cluster of Excellence, Köln, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD)-Cluster of Excellence, Köln, Germany
| | - Isabelle Salwig
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - André Schneider
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are in an inactive quiescent state for most of their life. To replenish the blood system in homeostasis and after injury, they activate and divide. HSC daughter cells must then decide whether to return to quiescence and metabolic inactivity or to activate further to proliferate and differentiate and replenish lost blood cells. Although the regulation of HSC activation is not well understood, recent discoveries shed new light on involved mechanisms including asymmetric cell division (ACD). RECENT FINDINGS HSC metabolism has emerged as a regulator of cell fates. Recent evidence suggests that cellular organelles mediating anabolic and catabolic processes can be asymmetrically inherited during HSC divisions. These include autophagosomes, mitophagosomes, and lysosomes, which regulate HSC quiescence. Their asymmetric inheritance has been linked to future metabolic and translational activity in HSC daughters, showing that ACD can regulate the balance between HSC (in)activity. SUMMARY We discuss recent insights and remaining questions in how HSCs balance activation and quiescence, with a focus on ACD.
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9
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Single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of the hematopoietic system enable the purification and massive profiling of precisely defined cell states. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1577-1589. [PMID: 34811546 PMCID: PMC8642243 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell genomics technology has transformed our understanding of complex cellular systems. However, excessive cost and a lack of strategies for the purification of newly identified cell types impede their functional characterization and large-scale profiling. Here, we have generated high-content single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of human blood and bone marrow that quantitatively link the expression of up to 197 surface markers to cellular identities and biological processes across all main hematopoietic cell types in healthy aging and leukemia. These reference maps enable the automatic design of cost-effective high-throughput cytometry schemes that outperform state-of-the-art approaches, accurately reflect complex topologies of cellular systems and permit the purification of precisely defined cell states. The systematic integration of cytometry and proteo-genomic data enables the functional capacities of precisely mapped cell states to be measured at the single-cell level. Our study serves as an accessible resource and paves the way for a data-driven era in cytometry.
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10
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In Vivo Pre-Instructed HSCs Robustly Execute Asymmetric Cell Divisions In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218225. [PMID: 33153113 PMCID: PMC7663432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for life-long production of all mature blood cells. Under homeostasis, HSCs in their native bone marrow niches are believed to undergo asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs), with one daughter cell maintaining HSC identity and the other committing to differentiate into various mature blood cell types. Due to the lack of key niche signals, in vitro HSCs differentiate rapidly, making it challenging to capture and study ACD. To overcome this bottleneck, in this study, we used interferon alpha (IFNα) treatment to "pre-instruct" HSC fate directly in their native niche, and then systematically studied the fate of dividing HSCs in vitro at the single cell level via time-lapse analysis, as well as multigene and protein expression analysis. Triggering HSCs' exit from dormancy via IFNα was found to significantly increase the frequency of asynchronous divisions in paired daughter cells (PDCs). Using single-cell gene expression analyses, we identified 12 asymmetrically expressed genes in PDCs. Subsequent immunocytochemistry analysis showed that at least three of the candidates, i.e., Glut1, JAM3 and HK2, were asymmetrically distributed in PDCs. Functional validation of these observations by colony formation assays highlighted the implication of asymmetric distribution of these markers as hallmarks of HSCs, for example, to reliably discriminate committed and self-renewing daughter cells in dividing HSCs. Our data provided evidence for the importance of in vivo instructions in guiding HSC fate, especially ACD, and shed light on putative molecular players involved in this process. Understanding the mechanisms of cell fate decision making should enable the development of improved HSC expansion protocols for therapeutic applications.
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11
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Radtke S, Pande D, Cui M, Perez AM, Chan YY, Enstrom M, Schmuck S, Berger A, Eunson T, Adair JE, Kiem HP. Purification of Human CD34 +CD90 + HSCs Reduces Target Cell Population and Improves Lentiviral Transduction for Gene Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:679-691. [PMID: 32802914 PMCID: PMC7424231 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy has the potential to cure many genetic, malignant, and infectious diseases. We have shown in a nonhuman primate gene therapy and transplantation model that the CD34+CD90+ cell fraction was exclusively responsible for multilineage engraftment and hematopoietic reconstitution. In this study, we show the translational potential of this HSC-enriched CD34 subset for lentivirus-mediated gene therapy. Alternative HSC enrichment strategies include the purification of CD133+ cells or CD38low/– subsets of CD34+ cells from human blood products. We directly compared these strategies to the isolation of CD90+ cells using a good manufacturing practice (GMP) grade flow-sorting protocol with clinical applicability. We show that CD90+ cell selection results in about 30-fold fewer target cells in comparison to CD133+ or CD38low/– CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) subsets without compromising the engraftment potential in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed nearly complete depletion of lineage-committed progenitor cells in CD90+ fractions compared to alternative selections. Importantly, lentiviral transduction efficiency in purified CD90+ cells resulted in up to 3-fold higher levels of engrafted gene-modified blood cells. These studies should have important implications for the manufacturing of patient-specific HSC gene therapy and gene-engineered cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dnyanada Pande
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Margaret Cui
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anai M Perez
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yan-Yi Chan
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mark Enstrom
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stefanie Schmuck
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Berger
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tom Eunson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer E Adair
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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12
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Tertel T, Görgens A, Giebel B. Analysis of individual extracellular vesicles by imaging flow cytometry. Methods Enzymol 2020; 645:55-78. [PMID: 33565978 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Virtually all cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) into their environment, such as exosomes and microvesicles. EVs can mediate intercellular communication processes in a targeted manner. Representing their cell of origin, EVs contain cell type specific signatures, qualifying them as a novel class of biomarkers. Furthermore, according to their tropism to certain target cells, EVs provide promising aspects to be used as drug delivery vehicles. Depending on their origin, certain EVs contain the potential to modulate physiological and pathophysiological processes. Although the EV field provides many interesting aspects, the methodology in EV research is limited. For now, EVs are mainly analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and bulk molecular analysis, regularly Western Blot. These technologies cannot dissect the heterogeneity of EVs observed by electron microscopy (EM). Although EM technologies help to demonstrate the heterogeneity within EV samples, EM technologies are not appropriate to perform more complex and quantitative EV analyses. Flow cytometry (FCM) is a traditional method for dissecting the heterogeneity of given cell populations in a quantitative and complex manner. However, classical FCM regularly fails to detect objects in the size range of small EVs (sEVs) that typically is in the range between 70 and 150nm. Recently, we and others demonstrated the potential of imaging FCM for the analyses of small EVs at the single vesicle level. Here, at the example of sEVs harvested from supernatants of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), we share a protocol for studying the expression of the tetraspanins CD9, CD63 and CD81 on single EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Loeffler D, Schneiter F, Schroeder T. Pitfalls and requirements in quantifying asymmetric mitotic segregation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1466:73-82. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Loeffler
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringEidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich Basel Switzerland
| | - Florin Schneiter
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringEidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich Basel Switzerland
| | - Timm Schroeder
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringEidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich Basel Switzerland
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14
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Human multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell expansion is neither supported in endothelial and endothelial/mesenchymal co-cultures nor in NSG mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12914. [PMID: 31501490 PMCID: PMC6733927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial and mesenchymal stromal cells (ECs/MSCs) are crucial components of hematopoietic bone marrow stem cell niches. Both cell types appear to be required to support the maintenance and expansion of multipotent hematopoietic cells, i.e. hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors (MPPs). With the aim to exploit niche cell properties for experimental and potential clinical applications, we analyzed the potential of primary ECs alone and in combination with MSCs to support the ex vivo expansion/maintenance of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Even though a massive expansion of total CD34+ HSPCs was observed, none of the tested culture conditions supported the expansion or maintenance of multipotent HSPCs. Instead, mainly lympho-myeloid primed progenitors (LMPPs) were expanded. Similarly, following transplantation into immunocompromised mice the percentage of multipotent HSPCs within the engrafted HSPC population was significantly decreased compared to the original graft. Consistent with the in vitro findings, a bias towards lympho-myeloid lineage potentials was observed. In our conditions, neither classical co-cultures of HSPCs with primary ECs or MSCs, even in combination, nor the xenograft environment in immunocompromised mice efficiently support the expansion of multipotent HSPCs. Instead, enhanced expansion and a consistent bias towards lympho-myeloid committed LMPPs were observed.
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15
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Görgens A, Bremer M, Ferrer-Tur R, Murke F, Tertel T, Horn PA, Thalmann S, Welsh JA, Probst C, Guerin C, Boulanger CM, Jones JC, Hanenberg H, Erdbrügger U, Lannigan J, Ricklefs FL, El-Andaloussi S, Giebel B. Optimisation of imaging flow cytometry for the analysis of single extracellular vesicles by using fluorescence-tagged vesicles as biological reference material. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1587567. [PMID: 30949308 PMCID: PMC6442110 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1587567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate targeted cellular interactions in normal and pathophysiological conditions and are increasingly recognised as potential biomarkers, therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles. Based on their size and biogenesis, EVs are classified as exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Due to overlapping size ranges and the lack of specific markers, these classes cannot yet be distinguished experimentally. Currently, it is a major challenge in the field to define robust and sensitive technological platforms being suitable to resolve EV heterogeneity, especially for small EVs (sEVs) with diameters below 200 nm, i.e. smaller microvesicles and exosomes. Most conventional flow cytometers are not suitable for the detection of particles being smaller than 300 nm, and the poor availability of defined reference materials hampers the validation of sEV analysis protocols. Following initial reports that imaging flow cytometry (IFCM) can be used for the characterisation of larger EVs, we aimed to investigate its usability for the characterisation of sEVs. This study set out to identify optimal sample preparation and instrument settings that would demonstrate the utility of this technology for the detection of single sEVs. By using CD63eGFP-labelled sEVs as a biological reference material, we were able to define and optimise IFCM acquisition and analysis parameters on an Amnis ImageStreamX MkII instrument for the detection of single sEVs. In addition, using antibody-labelling approaches, we show that IFCM facilitates robust detection of different EV and sEV subpopulations in isolated EVs, as well as unprocessed EV-containing samples. Our results indicate that fluorescently labelled sEVs as biological reference material are highly useful for the optimisation of fluorescence-based methods for sEV analysis. Finally, we propose that IFCM will help to significantly increase our ability to assess EV heterogeneity in a rigorous and reproducible manner, and facilitate the identification of specific subsets of sEVs as useful biomarkers in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rita Ferrer-Tur
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Coralié Guerin
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, cytometry core, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Chantal M. Boulanger
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center—PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Franz L. Ricklefs
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samir El-Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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16
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Wolf FA, Hamey FK, Plass M, Solana J, Dahlin JS, Göttgens B, Rajewsky N, Simon L, Theis FJ. PAGA: graph abstraction reconciles clustering with trajectory inference through a topology preserving map of single cells. Genome Biol 2019; 20:59. [PMID: 30890159 PMCID: PMC6425583 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 685] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-seq quantifies biological heterogeneity across both discrete cell types and continuous cell transitions. Partition-based graph abstraction (PAGA) provides an interpretable graph-like map of the arising data manifold, based on estimating connectivity of manifold partitions ( https://github.com/theislab/paga ). PAGA maps preserve the global topology of data, allow analyzing data at different resolutions, and result in much higher computational efficiency of the typical exploratory data analysis workflow. We demonstrate the method by inferring structure-rich cell maps with consistent topology across four hematopoietic datasets, adult planaria and the zebrafish embryo and benchmark computational performance on one million neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Alexander Wolf
- Helmholtz Center Munich – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Fiona K. Hamey
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome and Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mireya Plass
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jordi Solana
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joakim S. Dahlin
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome and Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome and Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Simon
- Helmholtz Center Munich – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian J. Theis
- Helmholtz Center Munich – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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17
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Understanding cell fate control by continuous single-cell quantification. Blood 2019; 133:1406-1414. [PMID: 30728141 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-835397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells and the molecular processes underlying their behavior are highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamic biological processes requires noninvasive continuous quantitative single-cell observations, instead of population-based average or single-cell snapshot analysis. Ideally, single-cell dynamics are measured long-term in vivo; however, despite progress in recent years, technical limitations still prevent such studies. On the other hand, in vitro studies have proven to be useful for answering long-standing questions. Although technically still demanding, long-term single-cell imaging and tracking in vitro have become valuable tools to elucidate dynamic molecular processes and mechanisms, especially in rare and heterogeneous populations. Here, we review how continuous quantitative single-cell imaging of hematopoietic cells has been used to solve decades-long controversies. Because aberrant cell fate decisions are at the heart of tissue degeneration and disease, we argue that studying their molecular dynamics using quantitative single-cell imaging will also improve our understanding of these processes and lead to new strategies for therapies.
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18
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Wiklander OPB, Bostancioglu RB, Welsh JA, Zickler AM, Murke F, Corso G, Felldin U, Hagey DW, Evertsson B, Liang XM, Gustafsson MO, Mohammad DK, Wiek C, Hanenberg H, Bremer M, Gupta D, Björnstedt M, Giebel B, Nordin JZ, Jones JC, El Andaloussi S, Görgens A. Systematic Methodological Evaluation of a Multiplex Bead-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Detection of Extracellular Vesicle Surface Signatures. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1326. [PMID: 29951064 PMCID: PMC6008374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be harvested from cell culture supernatants and from all body fluids. EVs can be conceptually classified based on their size and biogenesis as exosomes and microvesicles. Nowadays, it is however commonly accepted in the field that there is a much higher degree of heterogeneity within these two subgroups than previously thought. For instance, the surface marker profile of EVs is likely dependent on the cell source, the cell’s activation status, and multiple other parameters. Within recent years, several new methods and assays to study EV heterogeneity in terms of surface markers have been described; most of them are being based on flow cytometry. Unfortunately, such methods generally require dedicated instrumentation, are time-consuming and demand extensive operator expertise for sample preparation, acquisition, and data analysis. In this study, we have systematically evaluated and explored the use of a multiplex bead-based flow cytometric assay which is compatible with most standard flow cytometers and facilitates a robust semi-quantitative detection of 37 different potential EV surface markers in one sample simultaneously. First, assay variability, sample stability over time, and dynamic range were assessed together with the limitations of this assay in terms of EV input quantity required for detection of differently abundant surface markers. Next, the potential effects of EV origin, sample preparation, and quality of the EV sample on the assay were evaluated. The findings indicate that this multiplex bead-based assay is generally suitable to detect, quantify, and compare EV surface signatures in various sample types, including unprocessed cell culture supernatants, cell culture-derived EVs isolated by different methods, and biological fluids. Furthermore, the use and limitations of this assay to assess heterogeneities in EV surface signatures was explored by combining different sets of detection antibodies in EV samples derived from different cell lines and subsets of rare cells. Taken together, this validated multiplex bead-based flow cytometric assay allows robust, sensitive, and reproducible detection of EV surface marker expression in various sample types in a semi-quantitative way and will be highly valuable for many researchers in the EV field in different experimental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar P B Wiklander
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Beklem Bostancioglu
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Antje M Zickler
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Pathology F56, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Giulia Corso
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Felldin
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel W Hagey
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Evertsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiu-Ming Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuela O Gustafsson
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dara K Mohammad
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Björnstedt
- Division of Pathology F56, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joel Z Nordin
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - André Görgens
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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19
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Hönes JM, Thivakaran A, Botezatu L, Patnana P, Castro SVDC, Al-Matary YS, Schütte J, Fischer KBI, Vassen L, Görgens A, Dührsen U, Giebel B, Khandanpour C. Enforced GFI1 expression impedes human and murine leukemic cell growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15720. [PMID: 29147018 PMCID: PMC5691148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of haematopoietic cells is regulated by a plethora of so-called transcription factors (TFs). Mutations in genes encoding TFs or graded reduction in their expression levels can induce the development of various malignant diseases such as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Growth Factor Independence 1 (GFI1) is a transcriptional repressor with key roles in haematopoiesis, including regulating self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. Analysis of AML patients and different AML mouse models with reduced GFI1 gene expression levels revealed a direct link between low GFI1 protein level and accelerated AML development and inferior prognosis. Here, we report that upregulated expression of GFI1 in several widely used leukemic cell lines inhibits their growth and decreases the ability to generate colonies in vitro. Similarly, elevated expression of GFI1 impedes the in vitro expansion of murine pre-leukemic cells. Using a humanized AML model, we demonstrate that upregulation of GFI1 expression leads to myeloid differentiation morphologically and immunophenotypically, increased level of apoptosis and reduction in number of cKit+ cells. These results suggest that increasing GFI1 level in leukemic cells with low GFI1 expression level could be a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Hönes
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Aniththa Thivakaran
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pradeep Patnana
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Symone Vitoriano da Conceição Castro
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Yahya S Al-Matary
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karen B I Fischer
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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20
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Moussy A, Cosette J, Parmentier R, da Silva C, Corre G, Richard A, Gandrillon O, Stockholm D, Páldi A. Integrated time-lapse and single-cell transcription studies highlight the variable and dynamic nature of human hematopoietic cell fate commitment. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2001867. [PMID: 28749943 PMCID: PMC5531424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual cells take lineage commitment decisions in a way that is not necessarily uniform. We address this issue by characterising transcriptional changes in cord blood-derived CD34+ cells at the single-cell level and integrating data with cell division history and morphological changes determined by time-lapse microscopy. We show that major transcriptional changes leading to a multilineage-primed gene expression state occur very rapidly during the first cell cycle. One of the 2 stable lineage-primed patterns emerges gradually in each cell with variable timing. Some cells reach a stable morphology and molecular phenotype by the end of the first cell cycle and transmit it clonally. Others fluctuate between the 2 phenotypes over several cell cycles. Our analysis highlights the dynamic nature and variable timing of cell fate commitment in hematopoietic cells, links the gene expression pattern to cell morphology, and identifies a new category of cells with fluctuating phenotypic characteristics, demonstrating the complexity of the fate decision process (which is different from a simple binary switch between 2 options, as it is usually envisioned). Hematopoietic stem cells are classically defined as a specific category of cells at the top of the hierarchy that can differentiate all blood cell types following step-by-step the instructions of a deterministic program. We have analysed this process, and our findings support a much more dynamic view than previously described. We apply time-lapse microscopy coupled to single-cell molecular analyses in human hematopoietic stem cells and find that fate decision is not a unique, programmed event but a process of spontaneous variation and selective stabilisation reminiscent of trial–error processes. We show that each cell explores (at its own pace and independently of cell division) many different possibilities before reaching a stable combination of genes to be expressed. Our results suggest, therefore, that multipotency seems to be more like a transitory state than a feature of a specific cell category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Moussy
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS 951, INSERM, Univ-Evry, Evry, France
- Genethon, Evry, France
| | | | | | - Cindy da Silva
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS 951, INSERM, Univ-Evry, Evry, France
| | | | - Angélique Richard
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Modélisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Gandrillon
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Modélisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Stockholm
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS 951, INSERM, Univ-Evry, Evry, France
| | - András Páldi
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS 951, INSERM, Univ-Evry, Evry, France
- * E-mail:
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21
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Worel N, Frank N, Frech C, Fritsch G. Influence of plerixafor on the mobilization of CD34+ cell subpopulations and lymphocyte subtypes. Transfusion 2017; 57:2206-2215. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Worel
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine; Medical University Vienna
| | - Nelli Frank
- Children's Cancer Research Institute; Vienna Austria
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22
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Cosette J, Moussy A, Paldi A, Stockholm D. Combination of imaging flow cytometry and time-lapse microscopy for the study of label-free morphology dynamics of hematopoietic cells. Cytometry A 2017; 91:254-260. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Moussy
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS_951, Genethon; Evry 91002 France
| | - Andras Paldi
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS_951, Genethon; Evry 91002 France
| | - Daniel Stockholm
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, UMRS_951, Genethon; Evry 91002 France
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Radtke S, Görgens A, Liu B, Horn PA, Giebel B. Human mesenchymal and murine stromal cells support human lympho-myeloid progenitor expansion but not maintenance of multipotent haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:540-5. [PMID: 26818432 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1128591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) research is to define conditions for the expansion of HSCs or multipotent progenitor cells (MPPs). Since human HSCs/MPPs cannot be isolated, NOD/SCID repopulating cell (SRC) assays emerged as the standard for the quantification of very primitive haematopoietic cell. However, in addition to HSCs/MPPs, lympho-myeloid primed progenitors (LMPPs) were recently found to contain SRC activities, challenging this assay as clear HSC/MPP readout. Because our revised model of human haematopoiesis predicts that HSCs/MPPs can be identified as CD133(+)CD34(+) cells containing erythroid potentials, we investigated the potential of human mesenchymal and conventional murine stromal cells to support expansion of HSCs/MPPs. Even though all stromal cells supported expansion of CD133(+)CD34(+) progenitors with long-term myeloid and long-term lymphoid potentials, erythroid potentials were exclusively found within erythro-myeloid CD133(low)CD34(+) cell fractions. Thus, our data demonstrate that against the prevailing assumption co-cultures on human mesenchymal and murine stromal cells neither promote expansion nor maintenance of HSCs and MPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- a Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany.,b Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - André Görgens
- a Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Bing Liu
- c 307-Ivy Translational Medicine Center, Laboratory of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Peter A Horn
- a Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- a Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
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24
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Worel N, Fritsch G, Agis H, Böhm A, Engelich G, Leitner GC, Geissler K, Gleixner K, Kalhs P, Buxhofer-Ausch V, Keil F, Kopetzky G, Mayr V, Rabitsch W, Reisner R, Rosskopf K, Ruckser R, Zoghlami C, Zojer N, Greinix HT. Plerixafor as preemptive strategy results in high success rates in autologous stem cell mobilization failure. J Clin Apher 2016; 32:224-234. [PMID: 27578390 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plerixafor in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is approved for autologous stem cell mobilization in poor mobilizing patients with multiple myeloma or malignant lymphoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of plerixafor in an immediate rescue approach, administrated subsequently to G-CSF alone or chemotherapy and G-CSF in patients at risk for mobilization failure. Eighty-five patients mobilized with G-CSF alone or chemotherapy were included. Primary endpoint was the efficacy of the immediate rescue approach of plerixafor to achieve ≥2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg for a single or ≥5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg for a double transplantation and potential differences between G-CSF and chemotherapy-based mobilization. Secondary objectives included comparison of stem cell graft composition including CD34+ cell and lymphocyte subsets with regard to the mobilization regimen applied. No significant adverse events were recorded. A median 3.9-fold increase in CD34+ cells following plerixafor was observed, resulting in 97% patients achieving at least ≥2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. Significantly more differentiated granulocyte and monocyte forming myeloid progenitors were collected after chemomobilization whereas more CD19+ and natural killer cells were collected after G-CSF. Fifty-two patients underwent transplantation showing rapid and durable engraftment, irrespectively of the stem cell mobilization regimen used. The addition of plerixafor in an immediate rescue model is efficient and safe after both, G-CSF and chemomobilization and results in extremely high success rates. Whether the differences in graft composition have a clinical impact on engraftment kinetics, immunologic recovery, and graft durability have to be analysed in larger prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Worel
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Fritsch
- Children?s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermine Agis
- Medical Department I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Böhm
- First Medical Department, Elisabethinen Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Georg Engelich
- First Medical Department, Hospital Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Gerda C Leitner
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Geissler
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline Gleixner
- Medical Department I, Division of Haematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Kalhs
- Medical Department I, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Felix Keil
- Third Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Viktor Mayr
- Medical Department II, Hospital Krems, Austria
| | - Werner Rabitsch
- Medical Department I, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Reisner
- Third Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Rosskopf
- Department of Blood Group Serology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhard Ruckser
- Medical Department II, Division of Oncology, Donauhospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Zoghlami
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niklas Zojer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Lost in Transplantation? Unexpected shift from multipotent to late lymphomyeloid hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in patients 1 year after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:1073-5. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Superior Therapeutic Index in Lymphoma Therapy: CD30(+) CD34(+) Hematopoietic Stem Cells Resist a Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Attack. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1423-34. [PMID: 27112062 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) redirected T cells targeting CD19 revealed particular efficacy in the treatment of leukemia/lymphoma, however, were accompanied by a lasting depletion of healthy B cells. We here explored CD30 as an alternative target, which is validated in lymphoma therapy and expressed by a broad variety of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. As a safty concern, however, CD30 is also expressed by lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) during activation. We revealed that HRS3scFv-derived CAR T cells are superior since they were not blocked by soluble CD30 and did not attack CD30(+) HSPCs while eliminating CD30(+) lymphoma cells. Consequently, normal hemato- and lymphopoiesis was not affected in the long-term in the humanized mouse; the number of blood B and T cells remained unchanged. We provide evidence that the CD30(+) HSPCs are protected against a CAR T-cell attack by substantially lower CD30 levels than lymphoma cells and higher levels of the granzyme B inactivating SP6/PI9 serine protease, which furthermore increased upon activation. Taken together, adoptive cell therapy with anti-CD30 CAR T cells displays a superior therapeutic index in the treatment of CD30(+) malignancies leaving healthy activated lymphocytes and HSPCs unaffected.
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27
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Nel I, Gauler TC, Bublitz K, Lazaridis L, Goergens A, Giebel B, Schuler M, Hoffmann AC. Circulating Tumor Cell Composition in Renal Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153018. [PMID: 27101285 PMCID: PMC4839694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Due to their minimal-invasive yet potentially current character circulating tumor cells (CTC) might be useful as a “liquid biopsy” in solid tumors. However, successful application in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has been very limited so far. High plasticity and heterogeneity of CTC morphology challenges currently available enrichment and detection techniques with EpCAM as the usual surface marker being underrepresented in mRCC. We recently described a method that enables us to identify and characterize non-hematopoietic cells in the peripheral blood stream with varying characteristics and define CTC subgroups that distinctly associate to clinical parameters. With this pilot study we wanted to scrutinize feasibility of this approach and its potential usage in clinical studies. Experimental Design Peripheral blood was drawn from 14 consecutive mRCC patients at the West German Cancer Center and CTC profiles were analyzed by Multi-Parameter Immunofluorescence Microscopy (MPIM). Additionally angiogenesis-related genes were measured by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results We detected CTC with epithelial, mesenchymal, stem cell-like or mixed-cell characteristics at different time-points during anti-angiogenic therapy. The presence and quantity of N-cadherin-positive or CD133-positive CTC was associated with inferior PFS. There was an inverse correlation between high expression of HIF1A, VEGFA, VEGFR and FGFR and the presence of N-cadherin-positive and CD133-positive CTC. Conclusions Patients with mRCC exhibit distinct CTC profiles that may implicate differences in therapeutic outcome. Prospective evaluation of phenotypic and genetic CTC profiling as prognostic and predictive biomarker in mRCC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Nel
- Molecular Oncology Risk-Profile Evaluation, Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- ABA GmbH & Co. KG, BMZ2, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas C. Gauler
- Molecular Oncology Risk-Profile Evaluation, Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kira Bublitz
- Molecular Oncology Risk-Profile Evaluation, Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lazaros Lazaridis
- Molecular Oncology Risk-Profile Evaluation, Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Goergens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- Department of Radiotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas-Claudius Hoffmann
- Molecular Oncology Risk-Profile Evaluation, Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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28
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Multi-color immune-phenotyping of CD34 subsets reveals unexpected differences between various stem cell sources. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:1093-100. [PMID: 27042837 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Flow cytometric routine CD34 analysis enumerates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells irrespective of their subpopulations although this might predict engraftment dynamics and immune reconstitution. We established a multi-color CD34 assay containing CD133, CD45RA, CD10, CD38 and CD33. We examined PBSC, donor bone marrow (BMd) and BM of patients 1 year after allografting (BM1y) regarding their CD34 subset composition, which differed significantly amongst those materials: the early CD45RA(-)CD133(+)CD38(low) subpopulations were significantly more frequent in PBSC than in BMd, and very low in BM1y. Vice versa, clearly more committed CD34 stages prevailed in BM, particularly in BM1y where the proportion of multi-lymphoid and CD38(++) B-lymphoid precursors was highest (mean 59%). CD33 was expressed at different intensity on CD45RA(±)CD133(±) subsets allowing discrimination of earlier from more committed myeloid precursors. Compared with conventional CD34(+) cell enumeration, the presented multi-color phenotyping is a qualitative approach defining different CD34 subtypes in any CD34 source. Its potential impact to predict engraftment kinetics and immune reconstitution has to be evaluated in future studies.
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29
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Radtke S, Haworth KG, Kiem HP. The frequency of multipotent CD133(+)CD45RA(-)CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells is not increased in fetal liver compared with adult stem cell sources. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:502-7. [PMID: 27016273 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface marker CD133 has been used to describe a revised model of adult human hematopoiesis, with hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors (HSCs/MPPs: CD133(+)CD45RA(-)CD34(+)) giving rise to lymphomyeloid-primed progenitors (LMPPs: CD133(+)CD45RA(+)CD34(+)) and erythromyeloid progenitors (EMPs: CD133(low)CD45RA(-)CD34(+)). Because adult and fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) differ in their gene expression profile, differentiation capabilities, and cell surface marker expression, we were interested in whether the reported segregation of lineage potentials in adult human hematopoiesis would also apply to human fetal liver. CD133 expression was easily detected in human fetal liver cells, and the defined hematopoietic subpopulations were similar to those found for adult HSPCs. Fetal HSPCs were enriched for EMPs and HSCs/MPPs, which were primed toward erythromyeloid differentiation. However, the frequency of multipotent CD133(+)CD45RA(-)CD34(+) HSPCs was much lower than previously reported and comparable to that of umbilical cord blood. We noted that engraftment in NSG (NOD scid gamma [NOD.Cg-Prkdc(scid) Il2rg(tm1Wjl)/SzJ]) mice was driven mostly by LMPPs, confirming recent findings that repopulation in mice is not a unique feature of multipotent HSCs/MPPs. Thus, our data challenge the general assumption that human fetal liver contains a greater percentage of multipotent HSCs/MPPs than any adult HSC source, and the mouse model may have to be re-evaluated with respect to the type of readout it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Kevin G Haworth
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
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30
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31
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Löffek S, Ullrich N, Görgens A, Murke F, Eilebrecht M, Menne C, Giebel B, Schadendorf D, Singer BB, Helfrich I. CEACAM1-4L Promotes Anchorage-Independent Growth in Melanoma. Front Oncol 2015; 5:234. [PMID: 26539411 PMCID: PMC4609850 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread metastasis is the leading course of death in many types of cancer, including malignant melanoma. The process of metastasis can be divided into a number of complex cell biological events, collectively termed the “invasion-metastasis cascade.” Previous reports have characterized the capability of anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells in vitro as a key characteristic of highly aggressive tumor cells, particularly with respect to metastatic potential. Biological heterogeneity as well as drastic alterations in cell adhesion of disseminated cancer cells support escape mechanisms for metastases to overcome conventional therapies. Here, we show that exclusively the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) splice variant CEACAM1-4L supports an anchorage-independent signature in malignant melanoma. These results highlight important variant-specific modulatory functions of CEACAM1 for metastatic spread in patients suffering malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Löffek
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Nico Ullrich
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Mara Eilebrecht
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Christopher Menne
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Iris Helfrich
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany ; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
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32
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Graffmann N, Brands J, Görgens A, Vitoriano da Conceição Castro S, Santourlidis S, Reckert A, Michele I, Ritz-Timme S, Fischer JC, Adjaye J, Kögler G, Giebel B, Uhrberg M. Age-Related Increase of EED Expression in Early Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells is Associated with Global Increase of the Histone Modification H3K27me3. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2018-31. [PMID: 25961873 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from umbilical cord blood exhibit higher differentiation potential and repopulation capacity compared to adult HSPCs. The molecular basis for these functional differences is currently unknown. Upon screening for epigenetic effector genes being differentially expressed in neonatal and adult HSPC subpopulations, the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) member EED was identified. Even though EED is expressed at comparable amounts in neonatal and adult multipotent HSPCs, early adult lineage committed progenitors of the lymphomyeloid (LM) and erythromyeloid lineages expressed higher EED amounts than neonatal HPCs. We demonstrate that EED overexpression directly leads to higher H3K27me3 levels, a repressive histone modification that is mediated by the PRC2 complex. Quantitative analysis of H3K27me3 levels by FPLC-based ELISA revealed elevated levels in primary blood cells from adults. Besides quantitative changes, gene ontology analysis of the genome-wide H3K27me3 distribution revealed qualitative changes in adult HSPCs with elevated levels in genes associated with nonhematopoietic development pathways. In contrast, H3K4me3 which labels active chromatin was enriched on hematopoietic genes. In vitro differentiation of EED-transfected neonatal HSPCs revealed aberrant expression of the myelopoietic marker CD14, suggesting that EED affects the lymphoid versus myeloid decision processes within the lymphomyeloid lineage. This is in line with LM progenitors having the most pronounced differences in EED expression. Highlighting the dynamic roles of epigenetic modifications in human hematopoiesis, the present data demonstrate shifts in the PRC2-associated histone modification H3K27me3 from birth to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Graffmann
- 1 Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany .,2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Brands
- 2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- 3 Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Symone Vitoriano da Conceição Castro
- 3 Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany .,4 CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- 2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Reckert
- 5 Institute of Forensic Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Inga Michele
- 5 Institute of Forensic Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ritz-Timme
- 5 Institute of Forensic Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes C Fischer
- 2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- 1 Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gesine Kögler
- 2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- 3 Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Uhrberg
- 2 Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
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33
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Radtke S, Görgens A, Kordelas L, Schmidt M, Kimmig KR, Köninger A, Horn PA, Giebel B. CD133 allows elaborated discrimination and quantification of haematopoietic progenitor subsets in human haematopoietic stem cell transplants. Br J Haematol 2015; 169:868-78. [PMID: 25819405 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The success of haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation largely depends on numbers of transplanted HSCs, which reside in the CD34(+) populations of bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) and umbilical cord blood (UCB). More specifically HSCs reside in the CD38(low/-) subpopulation, which cannot be objectively discriminated from mature CD34(+) CD38(+) progenitors. Thus, better marker combinations for the quantification of more primitive haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in transplants are required. Recently, by combining CD34 and CD133 we could clearly distinguish CD133(+) CD34(+) multipotent and lympho-myeloid from CD133(low) CD34(+) erythro-myeloid progenitors in UCB samples. To qualify the assessment of CD133 for routine quality control of adult HSC sources, we analysed the developmental potentials of CD133(+) and CD133(low) subpopulations in BM and PBSC. Similar to UCB, CD133 expression objectively discriminated functionally distinct subpopulations in adult HSC sources. By implementing anti-CD45RA staining, which separates multipotent (CD133(+) CD34(+) CD45RA(-) ) from lympho-myeloid (CD133(+) CD34(+) CD45RA(+) ) progenitor fractions, UCB was found to contain 2-3 times higher multipotent progenitor frequencies than BM and PBSC. To test for the consistency of CD133 expression, we compared CD133(+) CD34(+) contents of 128 UCB samples with maternal and obstetrical factors and obtained similar correlations to related studies focusing on CD34(+) cell contents. In conclusion, implementation of anti-CD133 staining into existing routine panels will improve the quality control analyses for HSC transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lambros Kordelas
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Schmidt
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Klaus R Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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