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Yin L, Xu Y, Mu J, Leng Y, Ma L, Zheng Y, Li R, Wang Y, Li P, Zhu H, Wang D, Li J. CNKSR2 interactome analysis indicates its association with the centrosome/microtubule system. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:2420-2432. [PMID: 39359098 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202508000-00031/figure1/v/2024-09-30T120553Z/r/image-tiff The protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2 (CNKSR2), present in both the postsynaptic density and cytoplasm of neurons, is a scaffolding protein with several protein-binding domains. Variants of the CNKSR2 gene have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly intellectual disability, although the precise mechanism involved has not yet been fully understood. Research has demonstrated that CNKSR2 plays a role in facilitating the localization of postsynaptic density protein complexes to the membrane, thereby influencing synaptic signaling and the morphogenesis of dendritic spines. However, the function of CNKSR2 in the cytoplasm remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used immunoprecipitation and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the interactors of CNKSR2. Through a combination of bioinformatic analysis and cytological experiments, we found that the CNKSR2 interactors were significantly enriched in the proteome of the centrosome. We also showed that CNKSR2 interacted with the microtubule protein DYNC1H1 and with the centrosome marker CEP290. Subsequent colocalization analysis confirmed the centrosomal localization of CNKSR2. When we downregulated CNKSR2 expression in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro 2A), we observed significant changes in the expression of numerous centrosomal genes. This manipulation also affected centrosome-related functions, including cell size and shape, cell proliferation, and motility. Furthermore, we found that CNKSR2 interactors were highly enriched in de novo variants associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Our findings establish a connection between CNKSR2 and the centrosome, and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yalan Xu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Mu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- College of Life Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Leng
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruizhi Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Zheng N, Luo S, Zhang X, Hu L, Huang M, Li M, McCaig C, Ding YQ, Lang B. Haploinsufficiency of intraflagellar transport protein 172 causes autism-like behavioral phenotypes in mice through BDNF. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00382-5. [PMID: 39265888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary cilia are hair-like solitary organelles growing on most mammalian cells that play fundamental roles in embryonic patterning and organogenesis. Defective cilia often cause a suite of inherited diseases called ciliopathies with multifaceted manifestations. Intraflagellar transport (IFT), a bidirectional protein trafficking along the cilium, actively facilitates the formation and absorption of primary cilia. IFT172 is the largest component of the IFT-B complex, and its roles in Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) have been appreciated with unclear mechanisms. OBJECTIVES We performed a battery of behavioral tests with Ift172 haploinsufficiency (Ift172+/-) and WT littermates. We use RNA sequencing to identify the genes and signaling pathways that are differentially expressed and enriched in the hippocampus of Ift172+/- mice. Using AAV-mediated sparse labeling, electron microscopic examination, patch clamp and local field potential recording, western blot, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and neuropharmacological approach, we investigated the underlying mechanisms for the aberrant phenotypes presented by Ift172+/- mice. RESULTS Ift172+/- mice displayed excessive self-grooming, elevated anxiety, and impaired cognition. RNA sequencing revealed enrichment of differentially expressed genes in pathways relevant to axonogenesis and synaptic plasticity, which were further confirmed by less spine density and synaptic number. Ift172+/- mice demonstrated fewer parvalbumin-expressing neurons, decreased inhibitory synaptic transmission, augmented theta oscillation, and sharp-wave ripples in the CA1 region. Moreover, Ift172 haploinsufficiency caused less BDNF production and less activated BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway through transcription factor Gli3. Application of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone, a potent small molecular TrkB agonist, fully restored BDNF-TrkB signaling activity and abnormal behavioral phenotypes presented by Ift172+/- mice. With luciferase and chip assays, we provided further evidence that Gli3 may physically interact with BDNF promoter I and regulate BDNF expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Ift172 per se drives neurotrophic effects and, when defective, could cause neurodevelopmental disorders reminiscent of autism-like disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxi Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; Department of Psychiatry, Fujian Medical University Affiliated Fuzhou Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Shilin Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorder, Central South University, Changsha, China; Engineering Research Center of Human Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Muzhi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Colin McCaig
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, AB25 2ZD Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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3
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Astorkia M, Liu Y, Pedrosa EM, Lachman HM, Zheng D. Molecular and network disruptions in neurodevelopment uncovered by single cell transcriptomics analysis of CHD8 heterozygous cerebral organoids. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34862. [PMID: 39149047 PMCID: PMC11325375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 100 genes have been associated with significantly increased risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an estimate of ∼1000 genes that may contribute. The new challenge is to investigate the molecular and cellular functions of these genes during neural and brain development, and then even more challenging, to link the altered molecular and cellular phenotypes to the ASD clinical manifestations. In this study, we used single-cell RNA-seq analysis to study one of the top risk genes, CHD8, in cerebral organoids, which models early neural development. We identified 21 cell clusters in the organoid samples, representing non-neuronal cells, neural progenitors, and early differentiating neurons at the start of neural cell fate commitment. Comparisons of the cells with one copy of a CHD8 knockout allele, generated by CRISPR/Cas9 editing, and their isogenic controls uncovered thousands of differentially expressed genes, which were enriched with functions related to neural and brain development, cilium organization, and extracellular matrix organization. The affected genes were also enriched with genes and pathways previously implicated in ASD, but surprisingly not for schizophrenia and intellectual disability risk genes. The comparisons also uncovered cell composition changes, indicating potentially altered neural differential trajectories upon CHD8 reduction. Moreover, we found that cell-cell communications were affected in the CHD8 knockout organoids, including the interactions between neural and glial cells. Taken together, our results provide new data and information for understanding CHD8 functions in the early stages of neural lineage development and interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Astorkia
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Erika M. Pedrosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Herbert M. Lachman
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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D'Antoni S, Spatuzza M, Bonaccorso CM, Catania MV. Role of fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 in the pathophysiology of brain disorders: a glia perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105731. [PMID: 38763180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMRP) is a widely expressed RNA binding protein involved in several steps of mRNA metabolism. Mutations in the FMR1 gene encoding FMRP are responsible for fragile X syndrome (FXS), a leading genetic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, and fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative disorder in aging men. Although FMRP is mainly expressed in neurons, it is also present in glial cells and its deficiency or altered expression can affect functions of glial cells with implications for the pathophysiology of brain disorders. The present review focuses on recent advances on the role of glial subtypes, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia, in the pathophysiology of FXS and FXTAS, and describes how the absence or reduced expression of FMRP in these cells can impact on glial and neuronal functions. We will also briefly address the role of FMRP in radial glial cells and its effects on neural development, and gliomas and will speculate on the role of glial FMRP in other brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D'Antoni
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - M Spatuzza
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - C M Bonaccorso
- Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, via Conte Ruggero 73, Troina 94018, Italy
| | - M V Catania
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, Catania 95126, Italy.
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Hauw JJ, Hausser-Hauw C, Barthélémy C. Synapse and primary cilia dysfunctions in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Avenues to normalize these functions. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024:S0035-3787(24)00555-1. [PMID: 38925998 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM An update on the plasticity of the brain networks involved in autism (autism spectrum disorders [ASD]), and the increasing role of their synapses and primary non-motile cilia. METHODS Data from PubMed and Google on this subject, published until February 2024, were analyzed. RESULTS Structural and functional brain characteristics and genetic particularities involving synapses and cilia that modify neuronal circuits are observed in ASD, such as reduced pruning of dendrites, minicolumnar pathology, or persistence of connections usually doomed to disappear. Proteins involved in synapse functions (such as neuroligins and neurexins), in the postsynaptic architectural scaffolding (such as Shank proteins) or in cilia functions (such as IFT-independent kinesins) are often abnormal. There is an increase in glutaminergic transmission and a decrease in GABA inhibition. ASD may occur in genetic ciliopathies. The means of modulating these specificities, when deemed useful, are described. INTERPRETATION The wide range of clinical manifestations of ASD is strongly associated with abnormalities in the morphology, functions, and plasticity of brain networks, involving their synapses and non-motile cilia. Their modulation offers important research perspectives on treatments when needed, especially since brain plasticity persists much later than previously thought. Improved early detection of ASD and additional studies on synapses and primary cilia are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Hauw
- Académie nationale de médecine, 16, rue Bonaparte, 75272 Paris cedex 06, France; Laboratoire de neuropathologie Raymond-Escourolle, hôpital universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | | | - C Barthélémy
- Académie nationale de médecine, 16, rue Bonaparte, 75272 Paris cedex 06, France; Faculté de médecine, université de Tours, Tours, France; GIS Autisme et troubles du neurodéveloppement, Paris, France
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6
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Strobel M, Qiu L, Hofer A, Chen X. Temporal Ablation of Primary Cilia Impairs Brainwave Patterns Implicated in Memory Formation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.03.587983. [PMID: 38617207 PMCID: PMC11014598 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.587983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium is a hair-like organelle that hosts molecular machinery for various developmental and homeostatic signaling pathways. Its alteration can cause severe ciliopathies such as the Bardet-Biedl and Joubert syndromes, but is also linked to Alzheimer's disease, clinical depression, and autism spectrum disorder. These afflictions are caused by disturbances in a variety of genes but a common phenotype amongst them is cognitive impairment. Cilia-mediated neural function has generally been examined in relation to these diseases or other developmental defects, but the role of cilia in brain function and memory consolidation is unknown. To elucidate the role of cilia in neural activity and cognitive function, we temporally ablated primary cilia in adult mice before performing electroencephalogram/electromyogram (EEG/EMG) recordings. We found that cilia deficient mice had altered sleep architecture, reduced EEG power, and attenuated phase-amplitude coupling, a process that underlies memory consolidation. These results highlight the growing significance of cilia, demonstrating that they are not only necessary in early neurodevelopment, but also regulate advanced neural functions in the adult brain.
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7
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Deng PY, Kumar A, Cavalli V, Klyachko VA. Circuit-based intervention corrects excessive dentate gyrus output in the fragile X mouse model. eLife 2024; 12:RP92563. [PMID: 38345852 PMCID: PMC10942577 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cellular and circuit excitability is believed to drive many core phenotypes in fragile X syndrome (FXS). The dentate gyrus is a brain area performing critical computations essential for learning and memory. However, little is known about dentate circuit defects and their mechanisms in FXS. Understanding dentate circuit dysfunction in FXS has been complicated by the presence of two types of excitatory neurons, the granule cells and mossy cells. Here we report that loss of FMRP markedly decreased excitability of dentate mossy cells, a change opposite to all other known excitability defects in excitatory neurons in FXS. This mossy cell hypo-excitability is caused by increased Kv7 function in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice. By reducing the excitatory drive onto local hilar interneurons, hypo-excitability of mossy cells results in increased excitation/inhibition ratio in granule cells and thus paradoxically leads to excessive dentate output. Circuit-wide inhibition of Kv7 channels in Fmr1 KO mice increases inhibitory drive onto granule cells and normalizes the dentate output in response to physiologically relevant theta-gamma coupling stimulation. Our study suggests that circuit-based interventions may provide a promising strategy in this disorder to bypass irreconcilable excitability defects in different cell types and restore their pathophysiological consequences at the circuit level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Yue Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Ajeet Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Valeria Cavalli
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Vitaly A Klyachko
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
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8
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Loukil A, Ebright E, Uezu A, Gao Y, Soderling SH, Goetz SC. Identification of new ciliary signaling pathways in the brain and insights into neurological disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.20.572700. [PMID: 38187761 PMCID: PMC10769350 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are conserved sensory hubs essential for signaling transduction and embryonic development. Ciliary dysfunction causes a variety of developmental syndromes with neurological features and cognitive impairment, whose basis mostly remains unknown. Despite connections to neural function, the primary cilium remains an overlooked organelle in the brain. Most neurons have a primary cilium; however, it is still unclear how this organelle modulates brain architecture and function, given the lack of any systemic dissection of neuronal ciliary signaling. Here, we present the first in vivo glance at the molecular composition of cilia in the mouse brain. We have adapted in vivo BioID (iBioID), targeting the biotin ligase BioID2 to primary cilia in neurons. We identified tissue-specific signaling networks enriched in neuronal cilia, including Eph/Ephrin and GABA receptor signaling pathways. Our iBioID ciliary network presents a wealth of neural ciliary hits that provides new insights into neurological disorders. Our findings are a promising first step in defining the fundamentals of ciliary signaling and their roles in shaping neural circuits and behavior. This work can be extended to pathological conditions of the brain, aiming to identify the molecular pathways disrupted in the brain cilium. Hence, finding novel therapeutic strategies will help uncover and leverage the therapeutic potential of the neuronal cilium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhalim Loukil
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Emma Ebright
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Akiyoshi Uezu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yudong Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Scott H Soderling
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sarah C. Goetz
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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9
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Deng PY, Kumar A, Cavalli V, Klyachko VA. Circuit-based intervention corrects excessive dentate gyrus output in the Fragile X mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559792. [PMID: 37808793 PMCID: PMC10557679 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cellular and circuit excitability is believed to drive many core phenotypes in fragile X syndrome (FXS). The dentate gyrus is a brain area performing critical computations essential for learning and memory. However, little is known about dentate circuit defects and their mechanisms in FXS. Understanding dentate circuit dysfunction in FXS has been complicated by the presence of two types of excitatory neurons, the granule cells and mossy cells. Here we report that loss of FMRP markedly decreased excitability of dentate mossy cells, a change opposite to all other known excitability defects in excitatory neurons in FXS. This mossy cell hypo-excitability is caused by increased Kv7 function in Fmr1 KO mice. By reducing the excitatory drive onto local hilar interneurons, hypo-excitability of mossy cells results in increased excitation/inhibition ratio in granule cells and thus paradoxically leads to excessive dentate output. Circuit-wide inhibition of Kv7 channels in Fmr1 KO mice increases inhibitory drive onto granule cells and normalizes the dentate output in response to physiologically relevant theta-gamma coupling stimulation. Our study suggests that circuit-based interventions may provide a promising strategy in this disorder to bypass irreconcilable excitability defects in different cell types and restore their pathophysiological consequences at the circuit level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Yue Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Ajeet Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Valeria Cavalli
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Vitaly A. Klyachko
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
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10
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Astorkia M, Liu Y, Pedrosa EM, Lachman HM, Zheng D. Molecular and network disruptions in neurodevelopment uncovered by single cell transcriptomics analysis of CHD8 heterozygous cerebral organoids. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559752. [PMID: 37808768 PMCID: PMC10557718 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
About 100 genes have been associated with significantly increased risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an estimate of ~1000 genes that may be involved. The new challenge now is to investigate the molecular and cellular functions of these genes during neural and brain development, and then even more challenging, to link the altered molecular and cellular phenotypes to the ASD clinical manifestations. In this study, we use single cell RNA-seq analysis to study one of the top risk gene, CHD8, in cerebral organoids, which models early neural development. We identify 21 cell clusters in the organoid samples, representing non-neuronal cells, neural progenitors, and early differentiating neurons at the start of neural cell fate commitment. Comparisons of the cells with one copy of the CHD8 knockout and their isogenic controls uncover thousands of differentially expressed genes, which are enriched with function related to neural and brain development, with genes and pathways previously implicated in ASD, but surprisingly not for Schizophrenia and intellectual disability risk genes. The comparisons also find cell composition changes, indicating potential altered neural differential trajectories upon CHD8 reduction. Moreover, we find that cell-cell communications are affected in the CHD8 knockout organoids, including the interactions between neural and glial cells. Taken together, our results provide new data for understanding CHD8 functions in the early stages of neural lineage development and interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Astorkia
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Erika M. Pedrosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Herbert M. Lachman
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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11
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Martins M, Oliveira AR, Martins S, Vieira JP, Perdigão P, Fernandes AR, de Almeida LP, Palma PJ, Sequeira DB, Santos JMM, Duque F, Oliveira G, Cardoso AL, Peça J, Seabra CM. A Novel Genetic Variant in MBD5 Associated with Severe Epilepsy and Intellectual Disability: Potential Implications on Neural Primary Cilia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12603. [PMID: 37628781 PMCID: PMC10454663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in the MBD5 gene have been linked with an array of clinical features such as global developmental delay, intellectual disability, autistic-like symptoms, and seizures, through unclear mechanisms. MBD5 haploinsufficiency has been associated with the disruption of primary cilium-related processes during early cortical development, and this has been reported in many neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we describe the clinical history of a 12-year-old child harboring a novel MBD5 rare variant and presenting psychomotor delay and seizures. To investigate the impact of MBD5 haploinsufficiency on neural primary cilia, we established a novel patient-derived cell line and used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to create an isogenic control. The patient-derived neural progenitor cells revealed a decrease in the length of primary cilia and in the total number of ciliated cells. This study paves the way to understanding the impact of MBD5 haploinsufficiency in brain development through its potential impact on neural primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rafaela Oliveira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Solange Martins
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Vieira
- Neuropediatrics Unit, Central Lisbon Hospital Center, 1169-045 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Perdigão
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Fernandes
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Jorge Palma
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Bela Sequeira
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Marques Santos
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Frederico Duque
- University Clinic of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal
- Child Developmental Center and Research and Clinical Training Center, Pediatric Hospital, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guiomar Oliveira
- University Clinic of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal
- Child Developmental Center and Research and Clinical Training Center, Pediatric Hospital, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Cardoso
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Peça
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Morais Seabra
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Karalis V, Donovan KE, Sahin M. Primary Cilia Dysfunction in Neurodevelopmental Disorders beyond Ciliopathies. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:54. [PMID: 36547476 PMCID: PMC9782889 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are specialized, microtubule-based structures projecting from the surface of most mammalian cells. These organelles are thought to primarily act as signaling hubs and sensors, receiving and integrating extracellular cues. Several important signaling pathways are regulated through the primary cilium including Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Wnt signaling. Therefore, it is no surprise that mutated genes encoding defective proteins that affect primary cilia function or structure are responsible for a group of disorders collectively termed ciliopathies. The severe neurologic abnormalities observed in several ciliopathies have prompted examination of primary cilia structure and function in other brain disorders. Recently, neuronal primary cilia defects were observed in monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders that were not traditionally considered ciliopathies. The molecular mechanisms of how these genetic mutations cause primary cilia defects and how these defects contribute to the neurologic manifestations of these disorders remain poorly understood. In this review we will discuss monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders that exhibit cilia deficits and summarize findings from studies exploring the role of primary cilia in the brain to shed light into how these deficits could contribute to neurologic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Karalis
- The Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Donovan
- The Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- The Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Mispatterning and interneuron deficit in Tourette Syndrome basal ganglia organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:5007-5019. [PMID: 36447010 PMCID: PMC9949887 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder thought to involve a reduction of basal ganglia (BG) interneurons and malfunctioning of the BG circuitry. However, whether interneurons fail to develop or are lost postnatally remains unknown. To investigate the pathophysiology of early development in TS, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BG organoids from TS patients and healthy controls were compared on multiple levels of measurement and analysis. BG organoids from TS individuals manifested an impaired medial ganglionic eminence fate and a decreased differentiation of cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons. Transcriptome analyses revealed organoid mispatterning in TS, with a preference for dorsolateral at the expense of ventromedial fates. Our results point to altered expression of GLI transcription factors downstream of the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway with cilia disruption at the earliest stages of BG organoid differentiation as a potential mechanism for the BG mispatterning in TS. This study uncovers early neurodevelopmental underpinnings of TS neuropathological deficits using organoids as a model system.
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14
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Lee B, Beuhler L, Lee HY. The Primary Ciliary Deficits in Cerebellar Bergmann Glia of the Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 21:801-813. [PMID: 35438410 PMCID: PMC10857775 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are non-motile cilia that function as antennae for cells to sense signals. Deficits of primary cilia cause ciliopathies, leading to the pathogenesis of various developmental disorders; however, the contribution of primary cilia to neurodevelopmental disorders is largely unknown. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetically inherited disorder and is the most common known cause of autism spectrum disorders. FXS is caused by the silencing of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, which encodes for the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Here, we discovered a reduction in the number of primary cilia and the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in cerebellar Bergmann glia of Fmr1 KO mice. We further found reduced granule neuron precursor (GNP) proliferation and thickness of the external germinal layer (EGL) in Fmr1 KO mice, implicating that primary ciliary deficits in Bergmann glia may contribute to cerebellar developmental phenotypes in FXS, as Shh signaling through primary cilia in Bergmann glia is known to mediate proper GNP proliferation in the EGL. Taken together, our study demonstrates that FMRP loss leads to primary ciliary deficits in cerebellar Bergmann glia which may contribute to cerebellar deficits in FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bumwhee Lee
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Laura Beuhler
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Hye Young Lee
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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15
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Gibitova EA, Dobrynin PV, Pomerantseva EA, Musatova EV, Kostareva A, Evsyukov I, Rychkov SY, Zhukova OV, Naumova OY, Grigorenko EL. A Study of the Genomic Variations Associated with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in a Russian Cohort of Patients Using Whole-Exome Sequencing. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050920. [PMID: 35627305 PMCID: PMC9141003 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides new data on the whole-exome sequencing of a cohort of children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) from an underexplored Russian population. Using both a cross-sectional approach involving a control cohort of the same ancestry and an annotation-based approach involving relevant public databases, we explored exonic single nucleotide variants and copy-number variation potentially involved in the manifestation of ASD. The study results reveal new potential ASD candidate-variants found in the studied Russian cohort and show a high prevalence of common ASD-associated genomic variants, especially those in the genes known to be associated with the manifestation of intellectual disabilities. Our screening of an ASD cohort from a previously understudied population allowed us to flag at least a few novel genes (IGLJ2, FAM21A, OR11H12, HIP1, PRAMEF10, and ZNF717) regarding their potential involvement in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Gibitova
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia; (E.A.G.); (P.V.D.); (I.E.)
| | - Pavel V. Dobrynin
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia; (E.A.G.); (P.V.D.); (I.E.)
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.Y.R.); (O.V.Z.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Pomerantseva
- The ‘Genetico’ Center for Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Moscow 119333, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.V.M.)
| | - Elizaveta V. Musatova
- The ‘Genetico’ Center for Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Moscow 119333, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.V.M.)
| | - Anna Kostareva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia;
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Igor Evsyukov
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia; (E.A.G.); (P.V.D.); (I.E.)
| | - Sergey Y. Rychkov
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.Y.R.); (O.V.Z.)
| | - Olga V. Zhukova
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.Y.R.); (O.V.Z.)
| | - Oxana Y. Naumova
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.Y.R.); (O.V.Z.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.Y.N.); (E.L.G.)
| | - Elena L. Grigorenko
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Center of Cognitive Research, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.Y.N.); (E.L.G.)
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16
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Yang D, Wu X, Wang W, Zhou Y, Wang Z. Ciliary Type III Adenylyl Cyclase in the VMH Is Crucial for High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Mediated by Autophagy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102568. [PMID: 34783461 PMCID: PMC8787410 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal primary cilia are crucial for body weight maintenance. Type III adenylyl cyclase (AC3) is abundantly enriched in neuronal cilia, and mice with global AC3 ablation are obese. However, whether AC3 regulates body weight through its ciliary expression and the mechanism underlying this potential regulation are not clear. In this study, humanized AC3 knock-in mice that are resistant to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity are generated, and increases in the number and length of cilia in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are shown. It is demonstrated that mice with specifically knocked down ciliary AC3 expression in the VMH show pronounced HFD-induced obesity. In addition, in vitro and in vivo analyses of the VMH show that ciliary AC3 regulates autophagy by binding an autophagy-related gene, gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP). Mice with GABARAP knockdown in the VMH exhibit exacerbated HFD-induced obesity. Overall, the findings may reveal a potential mechanism by which ciliary AC3 expression regulates body weight in the mouse VMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- College of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei071002China
| | - Xiangbo Wu
- College of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei071002China
| | - Weina Wang
- College of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei071002China
| | - Yanfen Zhou
- College of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei071002China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- College of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei071002China
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17
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Hao K, Chen Y, Yan X, Zhu X. Cilia locally synthesize proteins to sustain their ultrastructure and functions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6971. [PMID: 34848703 PMCID: PMC8632896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles propelling locomotion and extracellular liquid flow or sensing environmental stimuli. As cilia are diffusion barrier-gated subcellular compartments, their protein components are thought to come from the cell body through intraflagellar transport or diffusion. Here we show that cilia locally synthesize proteins to maintain their structure and functions. Multicilia of mouse ependymal cells are abundant in ribosomal proteins, translation initiation factors, and RNA, including 18 S rRNA and tubulin mRNA. The cilia actively generate nascent peptides, including those of tubulin. mRNA-binding protein Fmrp localizes in ciliary central lumen and appears to function in mRNA delivery into the cilia. Its depletion by RNAi impairs ciliary local translation and induces multicilia degeneration. Expression of exogenous Fmrp, but not an isoform tethered to mitochondria, rescues the degeneration defects. Therefore, local translation defects in cilia might contribute to the pathology of ciliopathies and other diseases such as Fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hao
- grid.507739.f0000 0001 0061 254XState Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, 200031 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- grid.507739.f0000 0001 0061 254XState Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, 200031 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xiumin Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xueliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, 200031, Shanghai, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China. .,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024, Hangzhou, China.
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18
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Pak TK, Carter CS, Zhang Q, Huang SC, Searby C, Hsu Y, Taugher RJ, Vogel T, Cychosz CC, Genova R, Moreira NN, Stevens H, Wemmie JA, Pieper AA, Wang K, Sheffield VC. A mouse model of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome has impaired fear memory, which is rescued by lithium treatment. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009484. [PMID: 33886537 PMCID: PMC8061871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles present on most cells that regulate many physiological processes, ranging from maintaining energy homeostasis to renal function. However, the role of these structures in the regulation of behavior remains unknown. To study the role of cilia in behavior, we employ mouse models of the human ciliopathy, Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS). Here, we demonstrate that BBS mice have significant impairments in context fear conditioning, a form of associative learning. Moreover, we show that postnatal deletion of BBS gene function, as well as congenital deletion, specifically in the forebrain, impairs context fear conditioning. Analyses indicated that these behavioral impairments are not the result of impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation. However, our results indicate that these behavioral impairments are the result of impaired hippocampal neurogenesis. Two-week treatment with lithium chloride partially restores the proliferation of hippocampal neurons which leads to a rescue of context fear conditioning. Overall, our results identify a novel role of cilia genes in hippocampal neurogenesis and long-term context fear conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Pak
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Neuroscience Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Calvin S. Carter
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Qihong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Sunny C. Huang
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Charles Searby
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ying Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Rebecca J. Taugher
- Department of Psychiatry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Tim Vogel
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Christopher C. Cychosz
- Department of Orthopedics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Rachel Genova
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Nina N. Moreira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Hanna Stevens
- Neuroscience Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - John A. Wemmie
- Neuroscience Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Pieper
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Val C. Sheffield
- Neuroscience Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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