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Lal P, Misra L, Sangwan NS, Sangwan RS. New withanolides from leaves along with alkyl glucoside from roots and stem as well as variations in withanolide contents in leaves of accessions of Withania somnifera, Ashwagandha- the Indian ginseng $. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:1009-1023. [PMID: 38311941 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2308184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Based on the major components in the leaves, the ashwagandha has been found to exist in several chemotypic forms in India. From the leaves of various accessions of Withania somnifera, which were maintained in our institute, three new steroids namely, 4-acetoxy-20β-hydroxy-1-oxo-witha-2,5,24-trienolide (7), 24,25-dihydro-14α-hydroxy withanolide D (9), 5α,6β,17α,27-tetrahydroxy-1-oxo-witha-2,24-dienolide (12) together with thirteen known withanolides were identified by spectroscopic methods. From the roots and stem of one accession and leaves of another, a new alkyl ester glucoside (4) has also been isolated. The new withanolides 7, 9 and 12 have been tentatively named as withanolide 135 A, withanolide 135B and withanolide 108, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payare Lal
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Laxminarain Misra
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Neelam S Sangwan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Rajender S Sangwan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur 122502, India
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Adarsh Krishna TP, Ajeesh Krishna TP, Edachery B, Antony Ceasar S. Guggulsterone - a potent bioactive phytosteroid: synthesis, structural modification, and its improved bioactivities. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:55-69. [PMID: 38283224 PMCID: PMC10809385 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00432e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Guggulsterone is a phytosteroid derived from the oleo-gum resin of the critically endangered plant Commiphora wightii. This molecule has attracted increasing attention due to its excellent biochemistry potential and the compound has consequently been evaluated in clinical trials. With a low concentration in natural resources but wide medicinal and therapeutic value, chemists have developed several synthetic routes for guggulsterone starting from various steroid precursors. Moreover, numerous studies have attempted to modify its structure to improve the biological properties. Nowadays, green and sustainable chemistry has also attracted more attention for advanced chemical processes and reactions in steroid chemistry. The present review aimed to summarize the literature and provide an update about the improvements in the chemical synthesis and structural modification of guggulsterone from the view of green chemistry. Moreover, this review encompasses the improved activities of structurally modified guggulsterone derivatives. We expect that the information provided here will be useful to researchers working in this field and on this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Adarsh Krishna
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Kerala 686 662 India
| | - T P Ajeesh Krishna
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug-Design, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
| | - Baldev Edachery
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Kerala 686 662 India
| | - S Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug-Design, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
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Lobatto VL, García ME, Nicotra VE, Orozco CI, Casero CN. Antibacterial activity of withanolides and their structure-activity relationship. Steroids 2023; 199:109297. [PMID: 37598738 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Two new withanolides, (17R,20S,22R)-4β-acetoxy-5β,6β-epoxy-19,27-dihydroxy-1-oxo-witha-2,24-dienolide (withalongolide A 4-acetate (5) and (17R,20S,22R)-5β,6β-epoxy-27-hydroxy-1,4-dioxo-witha-24-enolide (9), and seven known withanolides with normal structure (1-4, 6-8) were isolated from aerial parts of Cuatresia colombiana. Several semisynthetic derivatives were prepared from the natural metabolites withaferin A and jaborosalactone 38. The compounds were fully characterized by a combination of spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR and MS). The compounds isolated from C. colombiana, sixteen withanolides previously isolated from different Solanaceae species with different skeletons and semisynthetic derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a selected panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. According to the bioactivity against S. aureus and E. faecalis, the compounds evaluated were divided into three groups: compounds with high activity (MIC 0.063 mM), compounds with moderate activity (0.5 mM > MIC > 0.125 mM) and non-active compounds (MIC ≥1 mM); in addition, some structure-activity relationship keys could be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L Lobatto
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Depto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Edificio de Ciencias Químicas II, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Manuela E García
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Depto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Edificio de Ciencias Químicas II, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Viviana E Nicotra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Depto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Edificio de Ciencias Químicas II, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Clara I Orozco
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 45-03, edificio 425, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carina N Casero
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Depto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Edificio de Ciencias Químicas II, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
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Ahmad Mir S, Shahid Maqbool M, Bharitkar YP, Malik FA, Khalid Yousuf S. Suzuki coupling-based synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic evaluation of C-2 aryl derivatives of withaferin A. Steroids 2023; 195:109246. [PMID: 37141979 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mir Shahid Maqbool
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Yogesh P Bharitkar
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Fayaz A Malik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Syed Khalid Yousuf
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Quality Management & Instrumentation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu180001, India.
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Mir SA, Wani RA, Maqbool MS, Singh D, Bharitkar YP, Malik FA, Yousuf SK. TFA-mediated stereoselective aza-Michael addition for the synthesis of 3β-arylamine derivatives of withaferin A and evaluation of their anticancer potential. Steroids 2023; 191:109172. [PMID: 36574871 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the aza-Michael addition of various aromatic anilines to ring A of withaferin A has been developed. Stereoselectivity, functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, short reaction time and moderate to high yield are the merits of the protocol. One of the synthesized compounds 11 shows an IC 50 value of 3.8 μM against aggressive, highly metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Rafiq Ahmad Wani
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Mir Shahid Maqbool
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Quality Management & Instrumentation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yogesh P Bharitkar
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Fayaz A Malik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Syed Khalid Yousuf
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India.
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Atteeq M. Evaluating anticancer properties of Withaferin A—a potent phytochemical. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:975320. [PMID: 36339589 PMCID: PMC9629854 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.975320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A is a C28 steroidal lactone derived from the plant Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha. Withaferin A has received great attention for its anticancer properties noted in cancer cells of various origins. Extracts of Withania somnifera have been used in traditional Ayurvedic and Unani Indian medicine for their various pharmacological benefits. In recent years, Withania somnifera or Ashwagandha extract has become popularized as a health supplement marketed for its stress and anxiety reducing effects. Withaferin A is one of the most studied withanolides extracted from Withania somnifera that has gained great attention for its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, metabolic, and pro-apoptotic effects. Extensive in vivo and in vitro studies have depicted Withaferin A’s interactions with key role players in cancerous activity of the cell to exert its pro-apoptotic effects. Withaferin A interactions with NF-κB, STAT, Hsp90, ER-α, p53, and TGF-β have noted inhibition in cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in G2/M stage, ultimately leading to apoptosis or cell death. This review highlights pro-apoptotic properties of Withaferin A including generation of reactive oxidative species, Par-4 activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) induction, and p53 activation. Analysis of Withaferin A’s involvement in various oncogenic pathways leading to malignant neoplasm and its pharmacologic activity in conjunction with various cancer drugs provides promising evidence in therapeutic potential of Withaferin A as a cancer treatment.
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Tewari D, Chander V, Dhyani A, Sahu S, Gupta P, Patni P, Kalick LS, Bishayee A. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Phytochemistry, structure-activity relationship, and anticancer potential. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153949. [PMID: 35151215 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ayurveda is a highly recognized, well-documented, and well-accepted traditional medicine system. This system utilizes many natural products in various forms for therapeutic purposes. Thousands of plants mentioned in the Ayurvedic system are useful in disease mitigation and health preservation. One potential plant of the Ayurvedic system is "Ashwagandha" [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal], commonly regarded as Indian Ginseng. It possesses various therapeutic activities, such as neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antiarthritic, and anticancer effects. PURPOSE Here we present a comprehensive insight on the anticancer effects of W. somnifera and mechanistic attributes of its bioactive phytocompounds. This review also provides updated information on the clinical studies pertaining to cancer, safety evaluation and opportunities for chemical modifications of withanolides, a group of specialized phytochemicals of W. somnifera. METHODS The present study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Various scientific databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, were explored for related studies published up to May 2021. RESULTS An updated review on the anticancer potential and mechanisms of action of the major bioactive components of W. somnifera, including withanolides, withaferin A and withanone, is presented. Comprehensive information on clinical attributes of W. somnifera and its active components are presented with the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and toxicity evaluation. CONCLUSION The outcome of the work clearly indicates that W. somnifera has a significant potential for cancer therapy. The SAR revealed that various withanolides in general and withaferin A in particular have binding energies against various proteins and tremendous potential to serve as the lead for new chemical entities. Nevertheless, additional studies, particularly well-designed clinical trials are required before therapeutic application of withanolides for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Vikas Chander
- Department of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Archana Dhyani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjeev Sahu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Shree SK Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, Gujarat, India
| | - Pooja Patni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Lindsay S Kalick
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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In Silico and In Vitro Screening of Natural Compounds as Broad-Spectrum β-Lactamase Inhibitors against Acinetobacter baumannii New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4230788. [PMID: 35372567 PMCID: PMC8966755 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4230788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the significant problems globally; there is an increase in resistance with introducing every new class of antibiotics. Further, this has become one of the reasons for arising of new resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter baumannii. In this study, we have screened natural compounds as a possible inhibitor against the NDM-1 β-lactamase enzyme from A. baumannii using a combination of in silico methods and in vitro evaluation. The database of natural compounds was screened against NDM-1 protein, using Glide docking, followed by QM-polarised ligand docking (QPLD). When the screened hits were validated in vitro, withaferin A and mangiferin had good IC50 values in reducing the activity of NDM-1 enzymes, and their fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was ascertained in combination with imipenem. The withaferin A and mangiferin-NDM-1 docking complexes were analyzed for structural stability by molecular dynamic simulation analysis using GROMACS for 100 ns. The molecular properties of the natural compounds were then calculated using density functional theory (DFT). Withaferin A and mangiferin showed promising inhibitory activity and can be a natural compound candidate inhibitor synergistically used along with carbapenems against NDM-1 producing A. baumannii.
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Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Therapeutic Evaluation of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Withanolides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030886. [PMID: 35164150 PMCID: PMC8840339 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are a major source of biologically active compounds that make promising lead molecules for developing efficacious drug-like molecules. Natural withanolides are found in many flora and fauna, including plants, algae, and corals, that traditionally have shown multiple health benefits and are known for their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-leishmaniasis, and many other medicinal properties. Structures of these withanolides possess a few reactive sites that can be exploited to design and synthesize more potent and safe analogs. In this review, we discuss the literature evidence related to the medicinal implications, particularly anticancer properties of natural withanolides and their synthetic analogs, and provide perspectives on the translational potential of these promising compounds.
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Abstract
Covering: March 2010 to December 2020. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2011, 28, 705This review summarizes the latest progress and perspectives on the structural classification, biological activities and mechanisms, metabolism and pharmacokinetic investigations, biosynthesis, chemical synthesis and structural modifications, as well as future research directions of the promising natural withanolides. The literature from March 2010 to December 2020 is reviewed, and 287 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yang Xia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China. .,Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Shi-Jie Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Li-Xia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Ur Rasool J, Sawhney G, Shaikh M, Nalli Y, Madishetti S, Ahmed Z, Ali A. Site selective synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of Spiro-isoxazoline stitched adducts of arteannuin B. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105408. [PMID: 34655840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A library of new spiroisoxazoline analogues of arteannuin B was synthesized through 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition in stereoselective fashion and consequently screened for anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Three potent analogues (8i, 8 m, and 8n) were found to attenuate the LPS induced release of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α more potently than the parent molecule. Also, the inhibition of LPS induced nitric oxide production in these cells show moderate to high efficacy. None of the three potent molecules have altered the viability of RAW 264.7 cells following 48 h incubation suggesting that the inhibition of cytokines and nitric oxide production exhibited in the cells was not due to toxicity. In addition, these compounds exhibit an IC50 range of 0.17 µM-1.57 µM and 0.09 µM-0.35 µM for the inhibition of IL-6 release and nitric oxide production respectively. The results disclose potent inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators which are encouraging and warrant further investigations to develop new therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Ur Rasool
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Majeed Shaikh
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
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Freitas Misakyan MF, Wijeratne EMK, Issa ME, Xu YM, Monteillier A, Gunatilaka AAL, Cuendet M. Structure-Activity Relationships of Withanolides as Antiproliferative Agents for Multiple Myeloma: Comparison of Activity in 2D Models and a 3D Coculture Model. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2321-2335. [PMID: 34445874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological cancer in which relapse and resistance are highly frequent. Therefore, alternatives to conventional treatments are necessary. Withaferin A, a withanolide isolated from Withania somnifera, has previously shown promising activity against various MM models. In the present study, structure-activity relationships (SARs) were evaluated using 56 withanolides. The antiproliferative activity was assessed in three MM cell lines and in a 3D MM coculture model to understand the in vitro activity of compounds in models of various complexity. While the results obtained in 2D allowed a quick and simple evaluation of cytotoxicity used for a first selection, the use of the 3D MM coculture model allowed filtering compounds that perform better in a more complex setup. This study shows the importance of the last model as a bridge between 2D and in vivo studies to select the most active compounds and ultimately lead to a reduction of animal use for more sustained in vivo studies. NF-κB inhibition was determined to evaluate if this could be one of the targeted pathways. The most active compounds, withanolide D (2) and 38, should be further evaluated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela F Freitas Misakyan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Mark E Issa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Aymeric Monteillier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel withangulatin A derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104690. [PMID: 33592485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Novel withangulatin A (WA) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity against four human cancer cell lines (U2OS, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, and A549). Among these derivatives, 10 exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity, with an IC50 value of 74.0 nM against the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and potency that was 70-fold that of WA (IC50 = 5.22 µM). Moreover, 10 caused G2-phase cell cycle arrest in a concentration-dependent manner and induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compound 10 showed a high selectivity index (SI = 267.03) for breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. These results suggest that 10 is a promising anticancer agent.
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15
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Behl T, Sharma A, Sharma L, Sehgal A, Zengin G, Brata R, Fratila O, Bungau S. Exploring the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E571. [PMID: 33291236 PMCID: PMC7762146 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA), a manifold studied, C28-steroidal lactone withanolide found in Withania somnifera. Given its unique beneficial effects, it has gathered attention in the era of modern science. Cancer, being considered a "hopeless case and the leading cause of death worldwide, and the available conventional therapies have many lacunae in the form of side effects. The poly pharmaceutical natural compound, WA treatment, displayed attenuation of various cancer hallmarks by altering oxidative stress, promoting apoptosis, and autophagy, inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing angiogenesis, and metastasis progression. The cellular proteins associated with antitumor pathways were also discussed. WA structural modifications attack multiple signal transduction pathways and enhance the therapeutic outcomes in various diseases. Moreover, it has shown validated pharmacological effects against multiple neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting acetylcholesterinases and butyrylcholinesterases enzyme activity, antidiabetic activity by upregulating adiponectin and preventing the phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ), cardioprotective activity by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and suppressing mitochondrial apoptosis. The current review is an extensive survey of various WA associated disease targets, its pharmacokinetics, synergistic combination, modifications, and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India; (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India; (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42250, Turkey;
| | - Roxana Brata
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (R.B.); (O.F.)
| | - Ovidiu Fratila
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (R.B.); (O.F.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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Singh M, Ravichandiran V, Bharitkar YP, Hazra A. Natural Products Containing Olefinic Bond: Important Substrates for Semi-synthetic Modification Towards Value Addition. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824666200312125734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
:
Semi-synthesis, the way of preparing novel bioactive molecules via modification
of compounds isolated from natural sources is very much useful nowadays in the drug discovery
process. The modification is based on the reaction of functional group(s) present in a
natural compound. Among the examples of functional group transformation, double bond
modification is also common in the literature. Several reactions like hydrogenation, cyclopropanation,
epoxidation, addition reaction (halogenations, hydroxylation), Michael addition,
Heck reaction, cycloaddition, dipolar cycloaddition, etc. are employed for this purpose.
In this review, we have tried to gather the reactions performed with several double bond
containing classes of natural products like diterpenes, xanthones, sesquiterpene exomethylene lactones, diaryl
heptanoids, steroidal lactones, triterpenoids, limonoids, and alkamides. Where available, the effects of transformations
on the biological activities of the molecules are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata - 700 054, India
| | - V. Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata - 700 054, India
| | - Yogesh P. Bharitkar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata - 700 054, India
| | - Abhijit Hazra
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata - 700 054, India
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Rabhi C, Arcile G, Le Goff G, Da Costa Noble C, Ouazzani J. Neuroprotective Effect of CR-777, a Glutathione Derivative of Withaferin A, Obtained through the Bioconversion of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal Extract by the Fungus Beauveria bassiana. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244599. [PMID: 31888204 PMCID: PMC6943490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioconversion of Withania somnifera extract by the fungus Beauveria bassiana leads to cysteine and glutathione derivatives of withaferin A at the C-6 position. The compounds were purified and fully characterized by 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and HRMS analysis. The glutathione derivative CR-777 was evaluated as a neuroprotective agent from damage caused by different neurotoxins mimicking molecular symptoms in Parkinson´s disease (PD), including 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and α-synuclein (α-Syn). CR-777, at nanomolar concentrations, protected dopaminergic and cortical neurons. In 6-OHDA-treated neurons, CR-777 increased cell survival and neurite network and decreased the expression of α-Syn. Using specific inhibitors of cell toxicity signaling pathways and specific staining experiments, the observed role of CR-777 seemed to involve the PI3K/mTOR pathway. CR-777 could be considered as a protective agent against a large panel of neuronal stressors and was engaged in further therapeutic development steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chérif Rabhi
- Laboratoire Ethnodyne, 151 Boulevard Haussmann, 75008 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Arcile
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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18
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Wang F, Zhao J, Bai J, Gao K, Cui D, Chen Y, Song Y, Jia Y, Wen A. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to assess the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of withaferin A in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1122-1123:90-95. [PMID: 31173997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA) is a bioactive ingredient in the medicinal Indian herb Withania somnifera (WS). In this study, we developed a rapid and accurate Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to determine the concentration of WA in rat plasma and tissue following intravenous (i.v., 4.5 mg/kg) and oral (i.g, 0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg) administration. WA was isolated on a Hypurity C18 (50 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column by isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min using acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase (35:65, v/v). The retention time was 4 min. Ethyl acetate containing 5% ascorbic acid was used as the extraction solvent through simple liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Withanolide A (WLD) was used as the internal standard (IS). Quantification was performed through multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes of m/z 471.1 → 281 for WA and m/z 488.1 → 263 for IS in the positive-ion mode. This revealed no significant effects of the WA concentration or administration route on the T1/2. The distribution of WA in the various tissues was in the order: stomach > heart > lung > kidney > small intestinal > spleen > following i.g administration (4.5 mg/kg). These data provide valuable insight into the clinical parameters of WA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, China
| | - Jinyi Zhao
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dongxiao Cui
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Shaanxi Administration for Market Regulation, Fuping, Shaanxi 711700, China
| | - Ying Song
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Aidong Wen
- Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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19
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Van Herck S, Hassannia B, Louage B, Pita Compostizo R, De Coen R, Vanden Berghe W, Vanden Berghe T, De Geest BG. Water-soluble withaferin A polymer prodrugs via a drug-functionalized RAFT CTA approach. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Pal M, Nandi U, Mukherjee D. Detailed account on activation mechanisms of ruthenium coordination complexes and their role as antineoplastic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:419-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Casero CN, Novillo JNG, García ME, Oberti JC, Nicotra VE, Peñéñory AB, Bisogno FR. Mild Thio-Diversification of Bioactive Natural Products. Withaferin A: A Case study. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. N. Casero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - J. N. Garay Novillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - M. E. García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - J. C. Oberti
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - V. E. Nicotra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - A. B. Peñéñory
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química Córdoba (INFIQC-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - F. R. Bisogno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química Córdoba (INFIQC-CONICET); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Edificio de Ciencias 2, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
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22
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Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of withaferin A-analogues as potent apoptotic inducers. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:52-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Regiospecific Synthesis of Ring A Fused Withaferin A Isoxazoline Analogues: Induction of Premature Senescence by W-2b in Proliferating Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13749. [PMID: 29062040 PMCID: PMC5653814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of premature senescence represents a novel functional strategy to curb the uncontrolled proliferation of malignant cancer cells. This study unveils the regiospecific synthesis of novel isoxazoline derivatives condensed to ring A of medicinal plant product Withaferin-A. Intriguingly, the cis fused products with β-oriented hydrogen exhibited excellent cytotoxic activities against proliferating human breast cancer MCF7 and colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells. The most potent derivative W-2b triggered premature senescence along with increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and induction of senescence-specific marker p21Waf1/Cip1 at its sub-toxic concentration. W-2b conferred a robust increase in phosphorylation of mammalian checkpoint kinase-2 (Chk2) in cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Silencing of endogenous Chk2 by siRNA divulged that the amplification of p21 expression and senescence by W-2b was Chk2-dependent. Chk2 activation (either by ectopic overexpression or through treatment with W-2b) suppressed NM23-H1 signaling axis involved in cancer cell proliferation. Finally, W-2b showed excellent in vivo efficacy with 83.8% inhibition of tumor growth at a dose of 25 mg/kg, b.w. in mouse mammary carcinoma model. Our study claims that W-2b could be a potential candidate to limit aberrant cellular proliferation rendering promising improvement in the treatment regime in cancer patients.
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24
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Soto-Castro D, Lara Contreras RC, Pina-Canseco MDS, Santillán R, Hernández-Huerta MT, Negrón Silva GE, Pérez-Campos E, Rincón S. Solvent-free synthesis of 6β-phenylamino-cholestan-3β,5α-diol and (25R)-6β-phenylaminospirostan-3β,5α-diol as potential antiproliferative agents. Steroids 2017; 126:92-100. [PMID: 28827069 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper is described a synthetic route to 6β-phenylamino-cholestan-3β,5α-diol and (25R)-6β-phenylaminospirostan-3β,5α-diol, starting from cholesterol and diosgenin, respectively. The products were obtained in two steps by epoxidation followed by aminolysis, through an environmentally friendly and solvent-free method mediated by SZ (sulfated zirconia) as catalyst. The use of SZ allows chemo- and regioselective ring opening of the 5,6α-epoxide during the aminolysis reaction eliminating the required separation of the epoxide mixture. The products obtained were spectroscopically characterized by 1H, PENDANT 13C NMR and HETCOR experiments, and complemented with FTIR-ATR and HRMS. The antiproliferative effect of the β-aminoalcohols was evaluated on MCF-7 cells after 48h of incubation, by MTT and CVS assays. These methodologies showed that both compounds have antiproliferative activity, being more active the cholesterol analogue. Additionally, the cell images obtained by Harris' Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining protocol, evidenced formation of apoptotic bodies due to the presence of the obtained β-aminoalcohols in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Soto-Castro
- CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca C.P. 771230, Mexico
| | - Roberto Carlos Lara Contreras
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química-Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Av. Tecnológico S/N, 97118 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Maria Del Socorro Pina-Canseco
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Carretera a San Felipe del Agua, C.P. 68020 Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillán
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, D.F, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Huerta
- Unidad de Bioquímica e Inmunología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca, Av. Ing. Víctor Bravo Ahuja #125 esq, Clz. Tecnológico, C.P. 68030 Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Guillermo E Negrón Silva
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Departamento de Química, UAM, Av. San Pablo No 180, C.P. 02200 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S/N, Carretera a San Felipe del Agua, C.P. 68020 Oaxaca, Mexico; Unidad de Bioquímica e Inmunología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca, Av. Ing. Víctor Bravo Ahuja #125 esq, Clz. Tecnológico, C.P. 68030 Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Susana Rincón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química-Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Av. Tecnológico S/N, 97118 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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25
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Rasool RU, Nayak D, Chakraborty S, Faheem MM, Rah B, Mahajan P, Gopinath V, Katoch A, Iqra Z, Yousuf SK, Mukherjee D, Kumar LD, Nargotra A, Goswami A. AKT is indispensable for coordinating Par-4/JNK cross talk in p21 downmodulation during ER stress. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e341. [PMID: 28530706 PMCID: PMC5523074 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The double-edged role of p21 to command survival and apoptosis is emerging. The current investigation highlights ER stress-mediated JNK activation that plausibly triggers cell death by attenuating endogenous p21 level. Here, we demonstrated that ER stress activator 3-AWA diminishes the p21 levels in cancer cells by averting the senescent phenotype to commence G2/M arrest. In essence, the deceleration in p21 level occurs through ER stress/JNK/Caspase-3 axis via activation/induction of proapoptotic Par-4 and inhibition of AKT. The molecular dynamics studies identified important interactions, which may be responsible for the AKT inhibition and efficacy of 3-AWA towards AKT binding pocket. Interestingly, the p21 deceleration was rescued by incubating the cells with 3-AWA in the presence of an ER stress inhibitor, Salubrinal. Furthermore, we demonstrated that p21 expression decreases solitarily in Par-4+/+ MEFs; albeit, ER stress-induced JNK activation was observed in both Par-4+/+ and Par-4−/− MEFs. Par-4 knockdown or overexpression studies established that ectopic Par-4 along with ER stress are not sufficient to downregulate p21 in PC-3 cells but are adequate for DU-145 cells and that the ER stress inflicted activation of JNK, inhibition of AKT and Par-4 induction are all crucial to p21 downmodulation by 3-AWA. By using isogenic cell lines, such as HCT-116 p53+/+ and HCT-116 p53−/−, we found that deceleration in p21 expression due to ER stress is p53 independent. Moreover, in orthotopic carcinogen-induced rat colorectal carcinoma model, we found that 3-AWA inhibits colorectal tumor growth and formation of colorectal polyps at a tolerable dose, similar to the first-line drug for colorectal cancer-5-fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- R U Rasool
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - D Nayak
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - S Chakraborty
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - M M Faheem
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - B Rah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - P Mahajan
- Discovery Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - V Gopinath
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Katoch
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Z Iqra
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - S K Yousuf
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - D Mukherjee
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - L D Kumar
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Nargotra
- Discovery Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - A Goswami
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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26
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Xu YM, Brooks AD, Wijeratne EMK, Henrich CJ, Tewary P, Sayers TJ, Gunatilaka AAL. 17β-Hydroxywithanolides as Sensitizers of Renal Carcinoma Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Mediated Apoptosis: Structure-Activity Relationships. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3039-3051. [PMID: 28257574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a cancer with poor prognosis, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastatic RCC is 5-10%. Consequently, treatment of metastatic RCC represents an unmet clinical need. Screening of a 50 000-member library of natural and synthetic compounds for sensitizers of RCC cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis led to identification of the 17β-hydroxywithanolide (17-BHW), withanolide E (1), as a promising lead. To explore structure-activity relationships, we obtained natural and semisynthetic withanolides 1, 2a, 2c, and 3-36 and compared their ability to sensitize TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in a panel of renal carcinoma cells. Our findings revealed that 17-BHWs with a α-oriented side chain are superior to known TRAIL-sensitizing withanolides belonging to withaferin A class with a β-oriented side chain and demonstrated that the 17-BHW scaffold can be modified to enhance sensitization of RCCs to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, thereby assisting development of natural-product-inspired drugs to treat metastatic RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ming Xu
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Alan D Brooks
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States.,Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Curtis J Henrich
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States.,Molecular Targets Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Poonam Tewary
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States.,Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Thomas J Sayers
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States.,Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
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Vyas VK, Bhanage BM. Kinetic Resolution Driven Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of cis-β-Heteroaryl Amino Cycloalkanols by Ruthenium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2016; 18:6436-6439. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijyesh K. Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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Xu YM, Bunting DP, Liu MX, Bandaranayake HA, Gunatilaka AAL. 17β-Hydroxy-18-acetoxywithanolides from Aeroponically Grown Physalis crassifolia and Their Potent and Selective Cytotoxicity for Prostate Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:821-830. [PMID: 27071003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
When cultivated under aeroponic growth conditions, Physalis crassifolia produced 11 new withanolides (1-11) and seven known withanolides (12-18) including those obtained from the wild-crafted plant. The structures of the new withanolides were elucidated by the application of spectroscopic techniques, and the known withanolides were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported. Withanolides 1-11 and 16 were evaluated for their potential anticancer activity using five tumor cell lines. Of these, the 17β-hydroxy-18-acetoxywithanolides 1, 2, 6, 7, and 16 showed potent antiproliferative activity, with some having selectivity for prostate adenocarcinoma (LNCaP and PC-3M) compared to the breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), non-small-cell lung cancer (NCI-H460), and CNS glioma (SF-268) cell lines used. The cytotoxicity data obtained for 12-15, 17, and 19 have provided additional structure-activity relationship information for the 17β-hydroxy-18-acetoxywithanolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ming Xu
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Daniel P Bunting
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Manping X Liu
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Hema A Bandaranayake
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
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Abstract
The 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone responsible for the stability and function of a wide variety of client proteins that are critical for cell growth and survival. Many of these client proteins are frequently mutated and/or overexpressed in cancer cells and are therefore being actively pursued as individual therapeutic targets. Consequently, Hsp90 inhibition offers a promising strategy for simultaneous degradation of several anticancer targets. Currently, most Hsp90 inhibitors under clinical evaluation act by blocking the binding of ATP to the Hsp90 N-terminal domain and thereby, induce the degradation of many Hsp90-dependent oncoproteins. Although, they have shown some promising initial results, clinical challenges such as induction of the heat-shock response, retinopathy, and gastrointestinal tract toxicity are emerging from human trials, which constantly raise concerns about the future development of these inhibitors. Novobiocin derivatives, which do not bind the chaperone's N-terminal ATPase pocket, have emerged over the past decade as an alternative strategy to inhibit Hsp90, but to date, no derivative has been investigated in the clinical setting. In recent years, a number of natural or synthetic compounds have been identified that modulate Hsp90 function via various mechanisms. These compounds not only offer new chemotypes for the development of future Hsp90 inhibitors but can also serve as chemical probes to unravel the biology of Hsp90. This chapter presents a synopsis of inhibitors that directly, allosterically, or even indirectly alters Hsp90 function, and highlights their proposed mechanisms of action.
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Xu YM, Liu MX, Grunow N, Wijeratne EMK, Paine-Murrieta G, Felder S, Kris RM, Gunatilaka AAL. Discovery of Potent 17β-Hydroxywithanolides for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by High-Throughput Screening of a Natural Products Library for Androgen-Induced Gene Expression Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6984-93. [PMID: 26305181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most prevalent cancer among men in Western societies, and those who develop metastatic castration-resistant PC (CRPC) invariably succumb to the disease. The need for effective treatments for CRPC is a pressing concern, especially due to limited durable responses with currently employed therapies. Here, we demonstrate the successful application of a high-throughput gene-expression profiling assay directly targeting genes of the androgen receptor pathway to screen a natural products library leading to the identification of 17β-hydroxywithanolides 1-5, of which physachenolide D (5) exhibited potent and selective in vitro activity against two PC cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3. Epoxidation of 5 afforded physachenolide C (6) with higher potency and stability. Structure-activity relationships for withanolides as potential anti-PC agents are presented together with in vivo efficacy studies on compound 6, suggesting that 17β-hydroxywithanolides are promising candidates for further development as CRPC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ming Xu
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Manping X Liu
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Nathan Grunow
- NuvoGen Research LLC , P.O. Box 64326, Tucson, Arizona 85728, United States
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Gillian Paine-Murrieta
- University of Arizona Cancer Center , 1515 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Stephen Felder
- NuvoGen Research LLC , P.O. Box 64326, Tucson, Arizona 85728, United States
| | - Richard M Kris
- NuvoGen Research LLC , P.O. Box 64326, Tucson, Arizona 85728, United States
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
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Amin H, Nayak D, ur Rasool R, Chakraborty S, Kumar A, Yousuf K, Sharma PR, Ahmed Z, Sharma N, Magotra A, Mukherjee D, Kumar LD, Goswami A. Par-4 dependent modulation of cellular β-catenin by medicinal plant natural product derivative 3-azido Withaferin A. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:864-81. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hina Amin
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology; Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University; Rajouri Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Reyaz ur Rasool
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Souneek Chakraborty
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Anmol Kumar
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology; Uppal Road; Hyderabad Andra Pradesh India
| | - Khalid Yousuf
- Natural Product Chemistry; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Parduman Raj Sharma
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Asmita Magotra
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Natural Product Chemistry; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Lekha Dinesh Kumar
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology; Uppal Road; Hyderabad Andra Pradesh India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road; Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India
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Chemistry of withaferin-A: chemo, regio, and stereoselective synthesis of novel spiro-pyrrolizidino-oxindole adducts of withaferin-A via one-pot three-component [3+2] azomethine ylide cycloaddition and their cytotoxicity evaluation. Mol Divers 2015; 19:251-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-015-9574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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García ME, Nicotra VE, Oberti JC, Ríos-Luci C, León LG, Marler L, Li G, Pezzuto JM, van Breemen RB, Padrón JM, Hueso-Falcón I, Estévez-Braun A. Antiproliferative and quinone reductase-inducing activities of withanolides derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:68-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Saikia P, Kaishap PP, Goswami J, Singh AK, Deka Boruah HP, Gogoi S, Boruah RC. Synthesis of steroidal and nonsteroidal vicinal heterocyclic alcohols, N-(1-cycloalkenyl)heterocycles and their antibacterial studies. Steroids 2014; 84:36-45. [PMID: 24686205 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A solvent free steroidal and nonsteroidal epoxide ring opening reaction by nitrogen containing heterocycles under microwave irradiation is described. Some of the epoxide ring opening compounds were converted to their corresponding N-(1-cycloalkenyl)heterocycles via an acid catalyzed dehydration reaction. The antimicrobial activities of the epoxide ring opening compounds and N-(1-cycloalkenyl)heterocyclic compounds were tested by agar diffusion assay. Compounds 6, 9-12, 24 and 27 showed moderate inhibition against the growth of pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas syringae, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Saikia
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India
| | - Partha Pratim Kaishap
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India
| | - Jonalee Goswami
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India
| | | | - Sanjib Gogoi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.
| | - Romesh C Boruah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.
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Wijeratne EMK, Xu YM, Scherz-Shouval R, Marron MT, Rocha DD, Liu MX, Costa-Lotufo LV, Santagata S, Lindquist S, Whitesell L, Gunatilaka AAL. Structure–Activity Relationships for Withanolides as Inducers of the Cellular Heat-Shock Response. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2851-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401279n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Kithsiri Wijeratne
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Ruth Scherz-Shouval
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Marilyn T. Marron
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Danilo D. Rocha
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
- Laboratório
de Oncologia Experimental, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, P.O. Box 3157, Fortaleza, Ceará 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Manping X. Liu
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Leticia V. Costa-Lotufo
- Laboratório
de Oncologia Experimental, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, P.O. Box 3157, Fortaleza, Ceará 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Susan Lindquist
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- SW
Center for Natural Products Research and Commercialization, School
of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and
Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
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Gu M, Yu Y, Gunaherath GMKB, Leslie Gunatilaka AA, Li D, Sun D. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of withanolides to inhibit Hsp90 for its activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 2014; 32:68-74. [PMID: 23887853 PMCID: PMC3865103 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-013-9987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA), a naturally occurring steroidal lactone, directly binds to Hsp90 and leads to the degradation of Hsp90 client protein. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure activity relationship (SAR) of withanolides for their inhibition of Hsp90 and anti-proliferative activities in pancreatic cancer cells. In pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells, withaferin A (WA) and its four analogues withanolide E (WE), 4-hydroxywithanolide E (HWE), 3-aziridinylwithaferin A (AzWA) inhibited cell proliferation with IC50 ranged from 1.0 to 2.8 μM. WA, WE, HWE, and AzWA also induced caspase-3 activity by 21-, 6-, 11- and 15-fold, respectively, in Panc-1 cells, while withaperuvin (WP) did not show any activity. Our data showed that WA, WE, HWE, and AzWA, but not WP, all directly bound to Hsp90 and induced Hsp90 aggregation,hence inhibited Hsp90 chaperone activity to induce degradation of Hsp90 client proteins Akt and Cdk4 through proteasome-dependent pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. However, only WA, HWE and AzWA disrupted Hsp90-Cdc37 complexes but not WE and WP. SAR study suggested that the C-5(6)-epoxy functional group contributes considerably for withanolide to bind to Hsp90, inhibit Hsp90 chaperone activity, and result in Hsp90 client protein depletion. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl group at C-4 of ring A may enhance withanolide to inhibit Hsp90 activity and disrupt Hsp90-Cdc37 interaction. These SAR data provide possible mechanisms of anti-proliferative action of withanolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mancang Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, ZJ 310013. P.R.China
| | - Yanke Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - G. M. Kamal B Gunaherath
- SW Center for Natural Products Research & Commercialization, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, 250 E Valencia Road, Tucson, AZ 85706-6800
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- SW Center for Natural Products Research & Commercialization, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, 250 E Valencia Road, Tucson, AZ 85706-6800
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, ZJ 310013. P.R.China
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Kotovshchikov YN, Latyshev GV, Lukashev NV, Beletskaya IP. Synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazolyl derivatives of pregnane, androstane andd-homoandrostane. Tandem “click” reaction/Cu-catalyzedd-homo rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3707-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00404c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pharmacological and analytical aspects of withaferin A: A concise report of current scientific literature. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(13)60154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Gupta A, Kumar BS, Negi AS. Current status on development of steroids as anticancer agents. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 137:242-70. [PMID: 23727548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Steroids are important biodynamic agents. Their affinities for various nuclear receptors have been an interesting feature to utilize them for drug development particularly for receptor mediated diseases. Steroid biochemistry and its crucial role in human physiology, has attained importance among the researchers. Recent years have seen an extensive focus on modification of steroids. The rational modifications of perhydrocyclopentanophenanthrene nucleus of steroids have yielded several important anticancer lead molecules. Exemestane, SR16157, fulvestrant and 2-methoxyestradiol are some of the successful leads emerged on steroidal pharmacophores. The present review is an update on some of the steroidal leads obtained during past 25 years. Various steroid based enzyme inhibitors, antiestrogens, cytotoxic conjugates and steroidal cytotoxic molecules of natural as well as synthetic origin have been highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Synthesis and biological testing of steroid derivatives as inhibitors".
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Gupta
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, U.P., India
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Determination of withaferin A and withanolide A in mice plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetics after oral administration of Withania somnifera aqueous extract. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 80:203-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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Salvador JAR, Carvalho JFS, Neves MAC, Silvestre SM, Leitão AJ, Silva MMC, Sá e Melo ML. Anticancer steroids: linking natural and semi-synthetic compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:324-74. [PMID: 23151898 DOI: 10.1039/c2np20082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Steroids, a widespread class of natural organic compounds occurring in animals, plants and fungi, have shown great therapeutic value for a broad array of pathologies. The present overview is focused on the anticancer activity of steroids, which is very representative of a rich structural molecular diversity and ability to interact with various biological targets and pathways. This review encompasses the most relevant discoveries on steroid anticancer drugs and leads through the last decade and comprises 668 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A R Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-508, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Rah B, Amin H, Yousuf K, Khan S, Jamwal G, Mukherjee D, Goswami A. A novel MMP-2 inhibitor 3-azidowithaferin A (3-azidoWA) abrogates cancer cell invasion and angiogenesis by modulating extracellular Par-4. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44039. [PMID: 22962598 PMCID: PMC3433490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Withaferin A, which is a naturally derived steroidal lactone, has been found to prevent angiogenesis and metastasis in diverse tumor models. It has also been recognized by different groups for prominent anti-carcinogenic roles. However, in spite of these studies on withanolides, their detailed anti-metastatic mechanism of action remained unknown. The current study has poised to address the machinery involved in invasion regulation by stable derivative of Withaferin A, 3-azido Withaferin A (3-azidoWA) in human cervical HeLa and prostate PC-3 cells. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Sub-toxic concentration of 3-azidowithaferin A (3-azido WA) inhibited cancer cell motility and invasion in wound healing and Boyden chamber invasion by suppressing MMP-2 activity in gelatin zymography and its expression has proved to be a major obstacle in chemo-sensitivity. We have uncovered a novel mechanism of 3-azidoWA induced extracellular pro-apoptotic candidate tumor suppressor Par-4 protein stimulation in conditioned media and also noticed a concomitant marked reduction in pAkt and pERK signaling by immunoblot analysis. Furthermore, our zymography results suggest 3-azidoWA induced MMP-2 inhibition was mediated through secretory Par-4. The inhibition of apoptosis by 3-azidoWA could not restore MMP-2 gelatinase activity. In addition to this, our in vivo animal experiments data showed 3-azidoWA abrogated neovascularisation in dose dependent manner in mouse Matrigel plug assay. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE For this report, we found that 3-azidoWA suppressed motility and invasion of HeLa and PC-3 cells in MMP-2 dependent manner. Our in vitro result strongly suggests that sub-toxic doses of 3-azidoWA enhanced the secretion of extracellular Par-4 that abolished secretory MMP-2 expression and activity. Depletion of secretory Par-4 restored MMP-2 expression and invasion capability of HeLa and PC-3 cells. Further, our findings implied that 3-azidoWA attenuated internal phospho-ERK and phospho-Akt expression in a dose dependent manner might play a key role in inhibition of mouse angiogenesis by 3-azidoWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Rah
- Molecular Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Hina Amin
- Molecular Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Khalid Yousuf
- Nautral Product Chemistry, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sheema Khan
- Molecular Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Gayatri Jamwal
- Molecular Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Nautral Product Chemistry, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Molecular Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, India
- * E-mail:
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García ME, Barboza GE, Oberti JC, Ríos-Luci C, Padrón JM, Nicotra VE, Estévez-Braun A, Ravelo AG. Antiproliferative activity of withanolide derivatives from Jaborosa cabrerae and Jaborosa reflexa. Chemotaxonomic considerations. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 76:150-157. [PMID: 22325549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Three withanolides were isolated from the aerial parts of Jaborosa reflexa Phil. Jaborosa cabrerae Barboza yielded five sativolide withanolides (including jaborosalactones R, S, 38, and 39) and two trechonolide withanolides epimeric at C-23 (trechonolide A and jaborosalactone 32). In addition, five derivatives were obtained by chemical derivatization of jaborosalactone 38, and all compounds were fully characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of the major natural withanolides and the semisynthetic derivatives were examined against HBL-100, HeLa, SW1573, T-47D, and WiDr human solid tumor cancer cell lines. Some chemotaxonomic considerations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela E García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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