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Rivera P, Torres A, Romero J, Alarcón Á, Martínez S, Arrieta MP, Rodríguez-Mercado F, Galotto MJ. Effect of Operational Variables on Supercritical Foaming of Caffeic Acid-Loaded Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blends for the Development of Sustainable Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:948. [PMID: 38611209 PMCID: PMC11013249 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Expanded polystyrene will account for 5.3% of total global plastic production in 2021 and is widely used for food packaging due to its excellent moisture resistance and thermal insulation. However, some of these packages are often used only once before being discarded, generating large amounts of environmentally harmful plastic waste. A very attractive alternative to the conventional methods used for polymer processing is the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) since it has mass-transfer properties adapted to the foam morphology, generating different path lengths for the diffusion of active compounds within its structure and can dissolve a wide range of organic molecules under supercritical conditions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of operational variables on the process of caffeic acid (CA) impregnation and subsequent foaming of polylactic acid (PLA) as well as two PLA/poly(butylene-co-terephthalate-adipate) (PBAT) blends using scCO2. The results showed an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the CA-impregnated samples due to the nucleation effect of the active compound. On the other hand, SEM micrographs of both films and foams showed significant differences due to the presence of PBAT and its low miscibility with PLA. Finally, the results obtained in this work contribute to the knowledge of the important parameters to consider for the implementation of the impregnation and foaming process of PLA and PLA/PBAT blends with potential use in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rivera
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
- Laboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170201, Chile;
| | - Alejandra Torres
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
| | - Julio Romero
- Laboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170201, Chile;
| | - Álvaro Alarcón
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
- Laboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170201, Chile;
| | - Sara Martínez
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
| | - Marina P. Arrieta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación, Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Mercado
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
| | - María José Galotto
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Technology Faculty, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile; (P.R.); (Á.A.); (S.M.); (F.R.-M.); (M.J.G.)
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Faba S, Arrieta MP, Romero J, Agüero Á, Torres A, Martínez S, Rayón E, Galotto MJ. Biodegradable nanocomposite poly(lactic acid) foams containing carvacrol-based cocrystal prepared by supercritical CO 2 processing for controlled release in active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127793. [PMID: 37926308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Compounds derived from essential oils have been used in active packaging, but their volatility and degradability negatively affect stability and leads to high release rates. The present study aimed to develop PLA bionanocomposite foams loaded with carvacrol cocrystal by supercritical CO2 and its release into a food simulant for control release in food packaging. For this purpose, 4,4'-bipyridine was used as coformer and carvacrol as active agent. Cocrystallized closed cell foams were obtained using supercritical CO2 and were characterized in terms of their physicochemical and mechanical properties, and release kinetics to a D1 simulant were evaluated as well as the antioxidant ability. A better overall mechanical behavior due to the nanoclay promoting a higher interfacial adhesion with the polymeric matrix was revealed. A higher incorporation of carvacrol was observed in samples with higher C30B content. The incorporated cocrystals showed a decrease of one order of magnitude in the estimated effective diffusion coefficient of carvacrol and showed antioxidant activity. These results suggest that the nanocomposite foam containing carvacrol-based cocrystals could be used in active packaging systems with controlled release characteristics, especially with highly volatile compounds, and can be proposed for other fields such as biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Faba
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile.
| | - Marina P Arrieta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Investigación: Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Romero
- Laboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioprocesses, Engineering Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170201 Santiago, Chile
| | - Ángel Agüero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Institut de Tecnologia de Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Alejandra Torres
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Sara Martínez
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Emilio Rayón
- Institut de Tecnologia de Materials, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera, s/n, Código Postal 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María José Galotto
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile.
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Bartoletti A, Soares I, Ramos AM, Shashoua Y, Quye A, Casimiro T, Ferreira JL. Assessing the Impact and Suitability of Dense Carbon Dioxide as a Green Solvent for the Treatment of PMMA of Historical Value. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030566. [PMID: 36771867 PMCID: PMC9919672 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface cleaning of plastic materials of historical value can be challenging due to the high risk of inducing detrimental effects and visual alterations. As a result, recent studies have focused on researching new approaches that might reduce the associated hazards and, at the same time, minimize the environmental impact by employing biodegradable and green materials. In this context, the present work investigates the effects and potential suitability of dense carbon dioxide (CO2) as an alternative and green solvent for cleaning plastic materials of historical value. The results of extensive trials with CO2 in different phases (supercritical, liquid, and vapor) and under various conditions (pressure, temperature, exposure, and depressurization time) are reported for new, transparent, thick poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) samples. The impact of CO2 on the weight, the appearance of the samples (dimensions, color, gloss, and surface texture), and modifications to their physicochemical and mechanical properties were monitored via a multi-analytical approach that included optical microscopy, Raman and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies, and micro-indentation (Vickers hardness). Results showed that CO2 induced undesirable and irreversible changes in PMMA samples (i.e., formation of fractures and stress-induced cracking, drastic decrease in the surface hardness of the samples), independent of the conditions used (i.e., temperature, pressure, CO2 phase, and exposure time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Bartoletti
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.F.)
| | - Inês Soares
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Ramos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Yvonne Shashoua
- Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, National Museum of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anita Quye
- Kelvin Centre for Conservation and Cultural Heritage Research, School of Culture and Creative Arts, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QH, UK
| | - Teresa Casimiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana Lia Ferreira
- Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia, Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.F.)
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Preparation and Performance of Water-Active Polyurethane Grouting Material in Engineering: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235099. [PMID: 36501494 PMCID: PMC9737875 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane foam materials have broad application prospects in practical engineering as flame retardants, waterproof coatings, and grout repair materials due to advantages such as light weight, quick forming, and good durability. Due to water's low cost and convenience, water-reactive Polyurethane foam materials are widely used in engineering. The content of the water has a significant effect on the performance of polyurethane foams after molding. Polyurethane foams with anti-seepage and reinforcement effects are used in complex water environments for long durations. This study analyzed the effects of water content on properties and the diffusion mechanism of polyurethane foam materials in water. Additionally, the effect of the water environment on the polyurethane grouting material's properties was summarized. Finally, this study discussed the future research directions of polyurethane foam materials in a water environment.
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Faba S, Arrieta MP, Agüero Á, Torres A, Romero J, Rojas A, Galotto MJ. Processing Compostable PLA/Organoclay Bionanocomposite Foams by Supercritical CO 2 Foaming for Sustainable Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4394. [PMID: 36297972 PMCID: PMC9612032 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This article proposes a foaming method using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) to obtain compostable bionanocomposite foams based on PLA and organoclay (C30B) where this bionanocomposite was fabricated by a previous hot melt extrusion step. Neat PLA films and PLA/C30B films (1, 2, and 3 wt.%) were obtained by using a melt extrusion process followed by a film forming process obtaining films with thicknesses between 500 and 600 μm. Films were further processed into foams in a high-pressure cell with scCO2 under constant conditions of pressure (25 MPa) and temperature (130 °C) for 30 min. Bionanocomposite PLA foams evidenced a closed cell and uniform cell structure; however, neat PLA presented a poor cell structure and thick cell walls. The thermal stability was significantly enhanced in the bionanocomposite foam samples by the good dispersion of nanoclays due to scCO2, as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The bionanocomposite foams showed improved overall mechanical performance due to well-dispersed nanoclays promoting increased interfacial adhesion with the polymeric matrix. The water uptake behavior of bionanocomposite foams showed that they practically did not absorb water during the first week of immersion in water. Finally, PLA foams were disintegrated under standard composting conditions at higher rates than PLA films, showing their sustainable character. Thus, PLA bionanocomposite foams obtained by batch supercritical foaming seem to be a sustainable option to replace non-biodegradable expanded polystyrene, and they represent a promising alternative to be considered in applications such as food packaging and other products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Faba
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Marina P. Arrieta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación: Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Agüero
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Alejandra Torres
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Julio Romero
- Laboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioprocesses, Engineering Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Adrián Rojas
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - María José Galotto
- Packaging Innovation Center (LABEN), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
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Morita H, Yoda S, Ono T, Tazumi K, Furuya T. Analysis of nanocellular foaming with nucleating agents based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Supercritical Foaming and Impregnation of Polycaprolactone and Polycaprolactone-Hydroxyapatite Composites with Carvacrol. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HA) scaffolds were produced by foaming in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) at 20 MPa, as well as in one-step foaming and impregnation process using carvacrol as an antibacterial agent with proven activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The experimental design was developed to study the influence of temperature (40 °C and 50 °C), HA content (10 and 20 wt.%), and depressurization rate (one and two-step decompression) on the foams’ morphology, porosity, pore size distribution, and carvacrol impregnation yield. The characterization of the foams was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, SEM-FIB), Gay-Lussac density bottle measurements, and Fourier–transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. The obtained results demonstrate that processing PCL and PCL-HA scaffolds by means of scCO2 foaming enables preparing foams with porosity in the range of 65.55–74.39% and 61.98–67.13%, at 40 °C and 50 °C, respectively. The presence of carvacrol led to a lower porosity. At 40 °C and one-step decompression at a slow rate, the porosity of impregnated scaffolds was higher than at 50 °C and two- step fast decompression. However, a narrower pore size distribution was obtained at the last processing conditions. PCL scaffolds with HA resulted in higher carvacrol impregnation yields than neat PCL foams. The highest carvacrol loading (10.57%) was observed in the scaffold with 10 wt.% HA obtained at 50 °C.
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Kiran E, Sarver JA, Hassler JC. Solubility and Diffusivity of CO2 and N2 in Polymers and Polymer Swelling, Glass Transition, Melting, and Crystallization at High Pressure. A Critical Review and Perspectives on Experimental Methods, Data, and Modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zimnyakov D, Alonova M, Ushakova E. Depressurization-Induced Nucleation in the "Polylactide-Carbon Dioxide" System: Self-Similarity of the Bubble Embryos Expansion. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071115. [PMID: 33915873 PMCID: PMC8036606 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-similar expansion of bubble embryos in a plasticized polymer under quasi-isothermal depressurization is examined using the experimental data on expansion rates of embryos in the CO2-plasticized d,l-polylactide and modeling the results. The CO2 initial pressure varied from 5 to 14 MPa, and the depressurization rate was 5 × 10−3 MPa/s. The constant temperature in experiments was in a range from 310 to 338 K. The initial rate of embryos expansion varied from ≈0.1 to ≈10 µm/s, with a decrease in the current external pressure. While modeling, a non-linear behavior of CO2 isotherms near the critical point was taken into account. The modeled data agree satisfactorily with the experimental results. The effect of a remarkable increase in the expansion rate at a decreasing external pressure is interpreted in terms of competing effects, including a decrease in the internal pressure, an increase in the polymer viscosity, and an increase in the embryo radius at the time of embryo formation. The vanishing probability of finding the steadily expanding embryos for external pressures around the CO2 critical pressure is interpreted in terms of a joint influence of the quasi-adiabatic cooling and high compressibility of CO2 in the embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Zimnyakov
- Physics Department, Yury Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia; (M.A.); (E.U.)
- Precision Mechanics and Control Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 24 Rabochaya st., 410024 Saratov, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-845-299-8624
| | - Marina Alonova
- Physics Department, Yury Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia; (M.A.); (E.U.)
| | - Ekaterina Ushakova
- Physics Department, Yury Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia; (M.A.); (E.U.)
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Bei P, Liu H, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cai Z, Chen Y. Preparation and characterization of polyimide membranes modified by a task-specific ionic liquid based on Schiff base for CO 2/N 2 separation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:738-753. [PMID: 32827118 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase CO2/N2 selectivity of polyimide (PI) dense membranes, task-specific ionic liquid (TSIL), 1-aminoethyl-3-buthylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([NH2ebim][PF6]), has been grafted to polymer chains as large side groups by forming the structure of Schiff base for the first time. The modified membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), and stress-strain testing. The results showed that TSIL had been successfully linked to PI chains by forming "C=N." The modified membranes had more free volume, which was favorable to the improvement of CO2 permeability. The reduction of spin degree of freedom means the rigidity increment of polymer chains, which indicated that the selectivity of CO2/N2 can be enhanced. As a result, CO2 permeability of the modified membrane (TSIL-0.8 wt%) was increased from 5.28 to 10.2 Barrer, and CO2/N2 selectivity was increased from 21.9 to 92.8 at 30 °C and 0.1 MPa. Meanwhile, the effects of different feed pressures (0.1-0.6 MPa) and different operating temperatures (30-60 °C) on CO2/N2 transport properties were also investigated, and it was found that the separation performances of the modified membranes had already exceeded Robeson's upper bound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhi Bei
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjing Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjia Gao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Cai
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People's Republic of China.
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Evaluating melt foamability of LLDPE/LDPE blends with high LLDPE content by bubble coalescence mechanism. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Alekseev ES, Alentiev AY, Belova AS, Bogdan VI, Bogdan TV, Bystrova AV, Gafarova ER, Golubeva EN, Grebenik EA, Gromov OI, Davankov VA, Zlotin SG, Kiselev MG, Koklin AE, Kononevich YN, Lazhko AE, Lunin VV, Lyubimov SE, Martyanov ON, Mishanin II, Muzafarov AM, Nesterov NS, Nikolaev AY, Oparin RD, Parenago OO, Parenago OP, Pokusaeva YA, Ronova IA, Solovieva AB, Temnikov MN, Timashev PS, Turova OV, Filatova EV, Philippov AA, Chibiryaev AM, Shalygin AS. Supercritical fluids in chemistry. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Sarver JA, Hassler JC, Kiran E. Linking thermophysical and rheological properties to the selection of CO2 foaming conditions of rubbery elastomers using the relative rigidity reduction path. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Suethao S, Shah DU, Smitthipong W. Recent Progress in Processing Functionally Graded Polymer Foams. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4060. [PMID: 32933128 PMCID: PMC7560401 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer foams are an important class of engineering material that are finding diverse applications, including as structural parts in automotive industry, insulation in construction, core materials for sandwich composites, and cushioning in mattresses. The vast majority of these manufactured foams are homogeneous with respect to porosity and structural properties. In contrast, while cellular materials are also ubiquitous in nature, nature mostly fabricates heterogeneous foams, e.g., cellulosic plant stems like bamboo, or a human femur bone. Foams with such engineered porosity distribution (graded density structure) have useful property gradients and are referred to as functionally graded foams. Functionally graded polymer foams are one of the key emerging innovations in polymer foam technology. They allow enhancement in properties such as energy absorption, more efficient use of material, and better design for specific applications, such as helmets and tissue restorative scaffolds. Here, following an overview of key processing parameters for polymer foams, we explore recent developments in processing functionally graded polymer foams and their emerging structures and properties. Processes can be as simple as utilizing different surface materials from which the foam forms, to as complex as using microfluidics. We also highlight principal challenges that need addressing in future research, the key one being development of viable generic processes that allow (complete) control and tailoring of porosity distribution on an application-by-application basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supitta Suethao
- Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Darshil U. Shah
- Centre for Natural Material Innovation, Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, UK;
| | - Wirasak Smitthipong
- Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Office of Natural Rubber Research Program, Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Office of Research Integration on Target–Based Natural Rubber, National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT), Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Kim JH, So JH, Kim SK, Yoon H, Choi J, Koo HJ. Facile fabrication of polyaniline films with hierarchical porous networks for enhanced electrochemical activity. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Extreme Foaming Modes for SCF-Plasticized Polylactides: Quasi-Adiabatic and Quasi-Isothermal Foam Expansion. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051055. [PMID: 32375370 PMCID: PMC7284874 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental evidence on depressurization foaming of the amorphous D,L-polylactide, which is plasticized by subcritical (initial pressures below the critical value) or supercritical (initial pressures above the critical value) carbon dioxide at a temperature above the critical value, relates to two extreme cases: a slow quasi-isothermal foam expansion, and a rapid quasi-adiabatic expansion. Under certain conditions, the quasi-isothermal mode is characterized by the non-monotonic dependencies of the foam volume on the external pressure that are associated with the expansion-to-shrinkage transition. The quasi-adiabatic and quasi-isothermal expansions are characterized by a significant increase in the degree of foam expansion under conditions where the CO2 initial pressure approaches the critical value. The observed features are interpreted in terms of the energy balance in the foam volume and the phenomenological model based on the equation of the foam state. The expansion-to-shrinkage condition is based on the relationship between the average bubble radius and the pressure derivative of the surface tension for the plasticized polylactide. The maximum expansion ratio of the rapidly foamed polylactide in the vicinity of the critical point is interpreted in terms of the maximum decrement of the specific internal energy of the foaming agent (carbon dioxide) in the course of depressurization.
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17
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Han Y, Xu X, Liu F, Wei W, Liu Z. Study of the theory of microbubble bursting to obtain bio-inspired alginate nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Golubeva EN, Chumakova NA. Spin Probe Method for Diagnostics of Polyester Porous Matrixes Formed in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Review). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793119070078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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Dugad R, Radhakrishna G, Gandhi A. Morphological evaluation of ultralow density microcellular foamed composites developed through CO2-induced solid-state batch foaming technique utilizing water as co-blowing agent. CELLULAR POLYMERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0262489319897633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, microcellular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene foams were developed with utilization of water as a co-blowing agent and CO2 as the primary blowing agent through the solid-state batch foaming process. The effect of saturation parameters with the content of the co-blowing agent has been studied extensively for various foaming attributes. The co-blowing agent enhanced the average cell size and the expansion ratio which are useful for better thermal insulation. The maximum expansion ratio of 29.9 obtained from the effect of saturation temperature and co-blowing agent, 23.6 from the effect of saturation pressure and co-blowing agent, and 22.4 from the effect of saturation time and co-blowing agent. The co-blowing agent significantly affects the cell morphology of polymeric foam with saturation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Dugad
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – APDDRL, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – LARPM, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - G Radhakrishna
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – APDDRL, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – LARPM, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abhishek Gandhi
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – APDDRL, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- CIPET: School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP) – LARPM, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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20
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Wu R, Wang S, Leng Y, Li Q. Preparation, structure, and properties of poly(ethyleneoxide)/lignin composites used for UV absorption. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruguang Wu
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro‐Nano Molding Technology, School of Mechanics & Engineering ScienceZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro‐Nano Molding Technology, School of Mechanics & Engineering ScienceZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yuting Leng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan ProvinceZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Qian Li
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro‐Nano Molding Technology, School of Mechanics & Engineering ScienceZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
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21
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Banerjee D, Dutta A, Vimal KK, Kapur GS, Ghosh AK. Correlation of Micro- and Macrostructural Attributes with the Foamability of Modified Polypropylene Using Supercritical CO 2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anindya Dutta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | | | - Gurpreet Singh Kapur
- Petrochemical and Polymer Department, R&D Division, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Anup K. Ghosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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22
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Berberine-loaded solid proliposomes prepared using solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO2: Sustained release and bioavailability enhancement. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Qiang W, Hu DD, Liu T, Zhao L. Strategy to control CO2 diffusion in polystyrene microcellular foaming via CO2-philic additives. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Sumey JL, Sarver JA, Kiran E. Foaming of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) multilayered thin films with supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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Kuska R, Milovanovic S, Frerich S, Ivanovic J. Thermal analysis of polylactic acid under high CO2 pressure applied in supercritical impregnation and foaming process design. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Zhang HC, Yu CN, Liang Y, Lin GX, Meng C. Foaming Behavior and Microcellular Morphologies of Incompatible SAN/CPE Blends with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as a Physical Blowing Agent. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E89. [PMID: 30960075 PMCID: PMC6402305 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The foaming process and cellular morphologies of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) blends with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) as a blowing agent were investigated in this study. As compared to pure SAN foam in the same batch, the foamed blends with various CPE elastomer content had smaller average pore size and larger cell density. This is probably related to the inhibition of bubble growth by elastomer, resulting in poor melt flowability and strong viscoelasticity, and the efficient bubble heterogeneous nucleation caused by numerous phase interfaces inside the incompletely compatible blend system. In addition, many tiny interconnected holes through the pore walls were formed to connect adjacent micropores in foamed blend samples. The formation mechanism of such interconnected pores is probably due to the fracture of stretched melt around the bubble from phase interfaces with weak interactions. These facts suggest an effective path to control pore size, cell density and even interconnected pores of blend foams depends on the compatibility of the blend system and difference in foamability of individual components in supercritical CO₂.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chen Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Chun-Na Yu
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 511447, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- School of Materials Science & Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, China.
| | - Gui-Xiang Lin
- School of Materials Science & Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Cong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Kiran E, Hassler JC. High-Pressure Torsional Braid Analysis (HP-TBA): A new technique for assessment of thermal transitions and changes in moduli of polymers exposed to supercritical or compressed fluids. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Davoodi P, Lee LY, Xu Q, Sunil V, Sun Y, Soh S, Wang CH. Drug delivery systems for programmed and on-demand release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:104-138. [PMID: 30415656 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement in medical science and understanding the importance of biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agents, modern drug delivery research strives to utilize novel materials and fabrication technologies for the preparation of robust drug delivery systems to combat acute and chronic diseases. Compared to traditional drug carriers, which could only control the release of the agents in a monotonic manner, the new drug carriers are able to provide a precise control over the release time and the quantity of drug introduced into the patient's body. To achieve this goal, scientists have introduced "programmed" and "on-demand" approaches. The former provides delivery systems with a sophisticated architecture to precisely tune the release rate for a definite time period, while the latter includes systems directly controlled by an operator/practitioner, perhaps with a remote device triggering/affecting the implanted or injected drug carrier. Ideally, such devices can determine flexible release pattern and intensify the efficacy of a therapy via controlling time, duration, dosage, and location of drug release in a predictable, repeatable, and reliable manner. This review sheds light on the past and current techniques available for fabricating and remotely controlling drug delivery systems and addresses the application of new technologies (e.g. 3D printing) in this field.
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29
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Gallyamov MO, Nikolaev AY, Nikitin LN. Polystyrene Foamed with Supercritical CO2 as Possible Model System of the Membrane Materials for Flow Batteries. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x18040028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Supercritical carbon dioxide-based technologies for the production of drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals - A comprehensive review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 131:22-78. [PMID: 30026127 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Low drug bioavailability, which is mostly a result of poor aqueous drug solubilities and of inadequate drug dissolution rates, is one of the most significant challenges that pharmaceutical companies are currently facing, since this may limit the therapeutic efficacy of marketed drugs, or even result in the discard of potential highly effective drug candidates during developmental stages. Two of the main approaches that have been implemented in recent years to overcome poor drug solubility/dissolution issues have frequently involved drug particle size reduction (i.e., micronization/nanonization) and/or the modification of some of the physicochemical and structural properties of poorly water soluble drugs. A large number of particle engineering methodologies have been developed, tested, and applied in the synthesis and control of particle size/particle-size distributions, crystallinities, and polymorphic purities of drug micro- and nano-particles/crystals. In recent years pharmaceutical processing using supercritical fluids (SCF), in general, and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), in particular, have attracted a great attention from the pharmaceutical industry. This is mostly due to the several well-known advantageous technical features of these processes, as well as to other increasingly important subjects for the pharmaceutical industry, namely their "green", sustainable, safe and "environmentally-friendly" intrinsic characteristics. In this work, it is presented a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on scCO2-based processes focused on the formation and on the control of the physicochemical, structural and morphological properties of amorphous/crystalline pure drug nanoparticles. It is presented and discussed the most relevant scCO2, scCO2-based fluids and drug physicochemical properties that are pertinent for the development of successful pharmaceutical products, namely those that are critical in the selection of an adequate scCO2-based method to produce pure drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals. scCO2-based nanoparticle formation methodologies are classified in three main families, and in terms of the most important role played by scCO2 in particle formation processes: as a solvent; as an antisolvent or a co-antisolvent; and as a "high mobility" additive (a solute, a co-solute, or a co-solvent). Specific particle formation methods belonging to each one of these families are presented, discussed and compared. Some selected amorphous/crystalline drug nanoparticles that were prepared by these methods are compiled and presented, namely those studied in the last 10-15 years. A special emphasis is given to the formation of drug cocrystals. It is also discussed the fundamental knowledge and the main mechanisms in which the scCO2-based particle formation methods rely on, as well as the current status and urgent needs in terms of reliable experimental data and of robust modeling approaches. Other addressed and discussed topics include the currently available and the most adequate physicochemical, morphological and biological characterization methods required for pure drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals, some of the current nanometrology and regulatory issues associated to the use of these methods, as well as some scale-up, post-processing and pharmaceutical regulatory subjects related to the industrial implementation of these scCO2-based processes. Finally, it is also discussed the current status of these techniques, as well as their future major perspectives and opportunities for industrial implementation in the upcoming years.
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Zimmermann MVG, Boakoski DG, Lavoratti A, Zattera AJ. Influence of cellulose nanofiber content on the expansion of polystyrene nanocomposites expanded by supercritical CO2. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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Badens E, Masmoudi Y, Mouahid A, Crampon C. Current situation and perspectives in drug formulation by using supercritical fluid technology. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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34
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Foaming of polymers with supercritical fluids and perspectives on the current knowledge gaps and challenges. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Zhao D, Wang G, Wang M. Investigation of the effect of foaming process parameters on expanded thermoplastic polyurethane bead foams properties using response surface methodology. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Guojian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials; Ministry of Education; Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Mouhua Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
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36
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Salgado M, Rodríguez-Rojo S, Reis RL, Cocero MJ, Duarte ARC. Preparation of barley and yeast β-glucan scaffolds by hydrogel foaming: Evaluation of dexamethasone release. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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37
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Baklavaridis A, Tsivintzelis I, Zuburtikudis I, Panayiotou C. Preparation of porous poly(L-lactic acid)- co
-(trimethylene-carbonate) structures using supercritical CO 2
as antisolvent and as foaming agent. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Baklavaridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Design Engineering; TEI of Western Macedonia; Kozani Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsivintzelis
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Ioannis Zuburtikudis
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Design Engineering; TEI of Western Macedonia; Kozani Greece
| | - Costas Panayiotou
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
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38
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Sovova H, Nistor A, Topiar M, Kosek J. Vitrification conditions and porosity prediction of CO 2 blown polystyrene foams. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Moghadam MZ, Hassanajili S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Ayatollahi M, Ahmadi M. Formation of porous HPCL/LPCL/HA scaffolds with supercritical CO 2 gas foaming method. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 69:115-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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