Supercritical CO2 extraction of total flavonoids from Iberis amara assisted by ultrasound

Combination of supercritical CO2 and ultrasound for flavonoids extraction from Cosmos sulphureus: Optimization, kinetics, characterization and antioxidant capacity

A hyphenated technique using ultrasound-assisted supercritical CO2 extraction (UASCE) was developed to obtain flavonoids from Cosmos sulphureus. The highest total flavonoids content (TFC) achieved at 25 MPa pressure, 55 °C temperature, 10% cosolvent concentration, and 0.21 W/mL ultrasound energy density. UASCE improved TFC and antioxidant capacity of the extract, reduced extraction duration and extraction pressure, saved electric energy consumption and usages of CO2 and organic solvent, when compared with conventional extraction techniques. Furthermore, a high correlation between TFC and antioxidant capacity of the extract was found. HPLC analysis indicated that ultrasound effectively improved the individual concentrations of these flavonoids in extracts. Moreover, the kinetics study implied that the employed Sovová models were in good agreement with the experimental kinetic profiles. In conclusion, UASCE is a sustainable and efficient production technology in food and dietary supplement industries. Furthermore, Cosmos sulphureus can be considered as an attractive feedstock for natural flavonoids production.

A comprehensive review of ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) for bioactive components: Principles, advantages, equipment, and combined technologies

The increasing focus on health and well-being has sparked a rising interest in bioactive components in the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. These components are gaining popularity due to their potential benefits for overall health. The growing interest has resulted in a continuous rise in demand for bioactive components, leading to the exploration of both edible and non-edible sources to obtain these valuable substances. Traditional extraction methods like solvent extraction, distillation, and pressing have certain drawbacks, including lower extraction efficiency, reduced yield, and the use of significant amounts of solvents or resources. Furthermore, certain extraction methods necessitate high temperatures, which can adversely affect certain bioactive components. Consequently, researchers are exploring non-thermal technologies to develop environmentally friendly and efficient extraction methods. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is recognized as an environmentally friendly and highly efficient extraction technology. The UAE has the potential to minimize or eliminate the need for organic solvents, thereby reducing its impact on the environment. Additionally, UAE has been found to significantly enhance the production of target bioactive components, making it an attractive method in the industry. The emergence of ultrasonic assisted extraction equipment (UAEE) has presented novel opportunities for research in chemistry, biology, pharmaceuticals, food, and other related fields. However, there is still a need for further investigation into the main components and working modes of UAEE, as current understanding in this area remains limited. Therefore, additional research and exploration are necessary to enhance our knowledge and optimize the application of UAEE. The core aim of this review is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the principles, benefits and impact on bioactive components of UAE, explore the different types of equipment used in this technique, examine the various working modes and control parameters employed in UAE, and provide a detailed overview of the blending of UAE with other emerging extraction technologies. In conclusion, the future development of UAEE is envisioned to focus on achieving increased efficiency, reduced costs, enhanced safety, and improved reliability. These key areas of advancement aim to optimize the performance and practicality of UAEE, making it a more efficient, cost-effective, and reliable extraction technology.