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Wang Q, Wang D, Qin T, Zhang X, Lin X, Chen J, Chen W, Zhao L, Huang W, Lin Z, Li J, Dongye M, Wu X, Wang X, Li X, Lin Y, Tan H, Liu Y, Lin H, Chen W. Early Diagnosis of Syndromic Congenital Cataracts in a Large Cohort of Congenital Cataracts. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 263:206-213. [PMID: 38184101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the factors related to the diagnosis yield of syndromic congenital cataracts and describe the phenotype-genotype correlation in congenital cataract patients. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Setting: the participants from underwent clinical examinations between 2021 and 2022. Facial and anterior eye segment photographs, pre- and postoperative ocular parameters, and medical and family histories were recorded. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using whole-exome sequencing data. Statistical and correlation analyses were performed using the basic characteristics, deep phenotype, and genotype data. PARTICIPANTS 115 patients with unrelated congenital cataract. INTERVENTIONS performing clinical examinations, whole-exome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis for all participants. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES factors related to the genetic diagnosis yield of syndromic congenital cataracts. RESULTS Bilaterally asymmetrical cataracts were identified to be associated with syndromic congenital cataracts. The overall genetic diagnostic yield in the cohort was 72.2%. In total, 34.8% of the probands were early diagnosed with various syndromes with the help of genetic information. A phenotype-genotype correlation was detected for some genes and deep phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the importance of screening syndromic diseases in the patients with asymmetrical congenital cataracts. Application of whole-exome sequencing helps provide early diagnosis and treatment for the patients with syndromic congenital cataracts. This study also achieved a high genetic diagnostic yield, expanded the genotypic spectrum, and found phenotype-genotype correlations. A comprehensive analysis of cataract symmetricity, family history, and deep phenotypes makes the genotype prediction of some congenital cataract patients possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dongni Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tingfeng Qin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xulin Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wan Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lanqin Zhao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weiming Huang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhuoling Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meimei Dongye
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaohang Wu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xun Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongbin Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haowen Tan
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haotian Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Weirong Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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2
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Shiels A. Through the Cat-Map Gateway: A Brief History of Cataract Genetics. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:785. [PMID: 38927721 PMCID: PMC11202810 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Clouding of the transparent eye lens, or cataract(s), is a leading cause of visual impairment that requires surgical replacement with a synthetic intraocular lens to effectively restore clear vision. Most frequently, cataract is acquired with aging as a multifactorial or complex trait. Cataract may also be inherited as a classic Mendelian trait-often with an early or pediatric onset-with or without other ocular and/or systemic features. Since the early 1990s, over 85 genes and loci have been genetically associated with inherited and/or age-related forms of cataract. While many of these underlying genes-including those for lens crystallins, connexins, and transcription factors-recapitulate signature features of lens development and differentiation, an increasing cohort of unpredicted genes, including those involved in cell-signaling, membrane remodeling, and autophagy, has emerged-providing new insights regarding lens homeostasis and aging. This review provides a brief history of gene discovery for inherited and age-related forms of cataract compiled in the Cat-Map database and highlights potential gene-based therapeutic approaches to delay, reverse, or even prevent cataract formation that may help to reduce the increasing demand for cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Shiels
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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3
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Wen H, Li Q, Mei S, Cai J, Huang X, Zhao J. A novel frameshift mutation in the NHS gene causes Nance-Horan syndrome in a Chinese family. Gene 2024; 907:148268. [PMID: 38350513 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang'an Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 538240, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianwen Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital, The Affiliated Shenzhen stomatology Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoyi Mei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamin Cai
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaosheng Huang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzen 518020, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Boateng AK, Joseph R, Srivastava OP. Dysregulation of Autophagy Occurs During Congenital Cataract Development in βA3ΔG91 Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:4. [PMID: 38558092 PMCID: PMC10996937 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine lens phenotypic characteristics in βA3ΔG91 mice and determine if βA3ΔG91 affects autophagy in the lens. Methods We generated a βA3ΔG91 mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9 methodology. Comparative phenotypic and biochemical characterizations of lenses from postnatal day 0 (P0), P15, and 1-month-old βA3ΔG91 and wild-type (WT) mice were performed. The methodologies used included non-invasive slit-lamp examination, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses to determine the levels of autophagy-related genes and proteins. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of lenses was performed to assess organelle degradation and the presence of autophagic vesicles. TUNEL staining was used to determine apoptosis in the lens. Results Relative to WT lenses, 1-month-old βA3ΔG91 mice developed congenital nuclear cataract and microphthalmia and showed an early loss of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the cortex and attenuation of nuclei degradation. This observation was confirmed by TEM analysis, as was the presence of autophagic vesicles in βA3ΔG91 lenses. Comparative IHC and RT-qPCR analyses showed relatively higher levels of autophagy markers (ubiquitinated proteins and p62, LC3, and LAMP2 proteins) in βA3ΔG91 lenses compared to WT lenses. Additionally, βA3ΔG91 lenses showed relatively greater numbers of apoptotic cells and higher levels of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9. Conclusions The deletion of G91 in βA3ΔG91 mice leads to higher levels of expression of autophagy-related proteins and their transcripts relative to WT lenses. Taken together, G91 deletion in βA3/A1-crystallin is associated with autophagy disruption, attenuation of nuclei degradation, and cellular apoptosis in the lens, which might be congenital cataract causative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akosua K. Boateng
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Roy Joseph
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Om P. Srivastava
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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Delas F, Koller S, Feil S, Dacheva I, Gerth-Kahlert C, Berger W. Novel CRYGC Mutation in Conserved Ultraviolet-Protective Tryptophan (p.Trp131Arg) Is Linked to Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16594. [PMID: 38068917 PMCID: PMC10706789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital cataract (CC), the most prevalent cause of childhood blindness and amblyopia, necessitates prompt and precise genetic diagnosis. The objective of this study is to identify the underlying genetic cause in a Swiss patient with isolated CC. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variation (CNV) analysis were conducted for variant identification in a patient born with a total binocular CC without a family history of CC. Sanger Sequencing was used to confirm the variant and segregation analysis was used to screen the non-affected parents. The first de novo missense mutation at c.391T>C was identified in exon 3 of CRYGC on chromosome 2 causing the substitution of a highly conserved Tryptophan to an Arginine located at p.Trp131Arg. Previous studies exhibit significant changes in the tertiary structure of the crystallin family in the following variant locus, making CRYGC prone to aggregation aggravated by photodamage resulting in cataract. The variant can be classified as pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria (PP3 + PM1 + PM2 + PS2; scoring 10 points). The identification of this novel variant expands the existing knowledge on the range of variants found in the CRYGC gene and contributes to a better comprehension of cataract heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Delas
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (F.D.); (S.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Samuel Koller
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (F.D.); (S.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Silke Feil
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (F.D.); (S.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Ivanka Dacheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland;
| | | | - Wolfgang Berger
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (F.D.); (S.K.); (S.F.)
- Neuroscience Center Zürich (ZNZ), University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Liu H, Zhang D, Hu F, Xu P, Zhang S, Wu J. Mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2196. [PMID: 37337769 PMCID: PMC10496047 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify the mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts. METHODS Probands (n = 164) with congenital cataracts and their affected or unaffected available family members were recruited for clinical examinations and panel-based next-generation sequencing, then classified into a cohort for further mutational analysis. RESULTS After recruitment (n = 442; 228 males and 214 females), 49.32% (218/442) of subjects received a clinical diagnosis of congenital cataracts, and 56.88% (124/218) of patients received a molecular diagnosis. Eighty-four distinct variants distributed among 43 different genes, including 42 previously reported variants and 42 novel variants, were detected, and 49 gene variants were causally associated with patient phenotypes; 27.37% of variants (23/84) were commonly detected in PAX6, GJA8 and CRYGD, and the three genes covered 33.06% of cases (41/124) with molecular diagnosis. The majority of genes were classified as genes involved in nonsyndromic congenital cataracts (19/43, 44.19%) and were responsible for 56.45% of cases (70/124). The majority of functional and nucleotide changes were missense variants (53/84, 63.10%) and substitution variants (74/84, 88.10%), respectively. Nine de novo variants were identified. CONCLUSION This study provides a reference for individualized genetic counseling and further extends the mutational spectrum of congenital cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Li Liu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
| | - Dao‐Wei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
| | - Fang‐Yuan Hu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Xu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
| | - Sheng‐Hai Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
| | - Ji‐Hong Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health CommissionShanghaiChina
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7
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Khidiyatova I, Khidiyatova I, Zinchenko R, Marakhonov A, Karunas A, Avkhadeeva S, Aznzbaev M, Khusnutdinova E. Study of The Molecular Nature of Congenital Cataracts in Patients from The Volga-Ural Region. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5145-5163. [PMID: 37367076 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary cataracts are characterized by significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, which can pose challenges for early DNA diagnosis. To comprehensively address this problem, it is essential to investigate the epidemiology of the disease, perform population studies to determine the spectrum and frequencies of mutations in the responsible genes, and examine clinical and genetic correlations. Based on modern concepts, non-syndromic hereditary cataracts are predominantly caused by genetic disease forms associated with mutations in crystallin and connexin genes. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to studying hereditary cataracts is necessary for early diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes. The crystallin (CRYAA, CRYAB, CRYGC, CRYGD, and CRYBA1) and connexin (GJA8, GJA3) genes were analyzed in 45 unrelated families from the Volga-Ural Region (VUR) with hereditary congenital cataracts. Pathogenic and probably pathogenic nucleotide variants were identified in ten unrelated families, nine of which had cataracts in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Two previously undescribed likely pathogenic missense variants were identified in the CRYAA gene: c.253C > T (p.L85F) in one family and c.291C > G (p.H97Q) in two families. The known mutation c.272_274delGAG (p.G91del) was found in the CRYBA1 gene in one family, while no pathogenic variants were found in the CRYAB, CRYGC, or CRYGD genes in the examined patients. In the GJA8 gene, the known mutation c.68G > C (p.R23T) was found in two families, and previously undescribed variants were identified in two other families: a c.133_142del deletion (p.W45Sfs*72) and a missense variant, c.179G > A (p.G60D). In one patient with a recessive form of cataract, two compound-heterozygous variants were identified-a previously undescribed likely pathogenic missense variant, c.143A > G (p.E48G), and a known variant with uncertain pathogenetic significance, c.741T > G (p.I24M). Additionally, a previously undescribed deletion, c.del1126_1139 (p.D376Qfs*69), was identified in the GJA3 gene in one family. In all families where mutations were identified, cataracts were diagnosed either immediately after birth or during the first year of life. The clinical presentation of the cataracts varied depending on the type of lens opacity, resulting in various clinical forms. This information emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and genetic testing for hereditary congenital cataracts to guide appropriate management and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Khidiyatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Department of Biology, Bashkir State University, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Indira Khidiyatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Rena Zinchenko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexandra Karunas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Medical Faculty, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Marat Aznzbaev
- Medical Faculty, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Department of Biology, Bashkir State University, 450076 Ufa, Russia
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8
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Qin Y, Zhong X, Wen H, Zeng Q, Liao Y, Luo D, Liang M, Tang Y, Guo J, Cao H, Yang S, Tian X, Luo G, Li S. Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Cataract: Sonographic Features and Perinatal Outcome in 41 Cases. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2022; 43:e125-e134. [PMID: 33728625 DOI: 10.1055/a-1320-0799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prenatal ultrasonographic characteristics and perinatal outcomes of congenital cataract. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed congenital cataract diagnosed prenatally at four referral centers between August 2004 and February 2019. The diagnosis was confirmed by postnatal ophthalmologic evaluation of liveborn infants or autopsy for terminated cases. Maternal demographics, genetic testing results, prenatal ultrasound images, and perinatal outcomes were abstracted. RESULTS Total of 41 cases of congenital cataract diagnosed prenatally among 788 751 women undergoing anatomic survey. Based on the sonographic characteristics, 16/41 (39.0 %) had a dense echogenic structure, 15/41 (36.6 %) had a hyperechogenic spot and 10/41 (24.4 %) had the "double ring" sign. 17/41 (41.5 %) were isolated, and 24/41 (58.5 %) had associated intraocular and extraocular findings. Microphthalmia, cardiac abnormalities, and central nervous system abnormalities were the most common associated abnormalities. Regarding potential etiology, 6 cases had a known family history of congenital cataract, 4 cases had confirmed congenital rubella infection, and 2 cases had aneuploidy. 31/41 (75.6 %) elected termination and 10/41 (24.4 %) elected to continue their pregnancy. Among the 10 cases, one case died, one case was lost to follow-up, and the remaining 8 cases were referred for ophthalmologist follow-up and postnatal surgery. CONCLUSION Once fetal cataracts are detected, a detailed fetal anatomy survey to rule out associated abnormalities and a workup to identify the potential etiology are recommended. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital cataracts provides vital information for counseling and subsequent management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xiamen Maternal&Child HealthCare Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Huaxuan Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yimei Liao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dandan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaju Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Renai Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongrui Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, Cangxian Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shuihua Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoxian Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Guoyang Luo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, United States
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Liu J, Xu W, Wang K, Chen F, Ren L, Xu J, Yao K, Chen X. Congenital cataract-causing mutation βB1-L116P is prone to amyloid fibrils aggregation and protease degradation with low structural stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:475-482. [PMID: 34896472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Congenital cataract, a common disease with lens opacification, causes blindness in the newborn worldwide and is mainly caused by abnormal aggregation of crystallin. As the main structural protein in the mammalian lens, βB1-crystallin has an important role in the maintenance of lens transparency. Recently, the L116P mutation in βB1-CRY was found in a Chinese family with congenital nuclear cataracts, while its underlying pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. In the current study, the βB1 wild-type protein was purified, and the mutated form, βB1-L116P, was examined for examining the effect on structural stability and susceptibility against environmental stresses. Our results reveal low solubility and structural stability of βB1-L116P at physiological temperature, which markedly impaired the protein structure and the oligomerization of βB1-crystallin. Under guanidine hydrochloride-induced denaturing conditions, βB1-L116P mutation perturbed the protein unfolding process, making it prone to amyloid fibrils aggregation. More importantly, the L116P mutation increased susceptibility of βB1-crystallin against UV radiation. βB1-L116P overexpression led to the formation of more serious intracellular aggresomes under UV radiation or oxidative stress. Furthermore, the βB1-L116P mutation increased the sensitivity to the proteolysis process. These results indicate that the low structural stability, susceptibility to amyloid fibrils aggregation, and protease degradation of βB1-L116P may contribute to cataract development and associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Eye Center of Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 12 Lingyin Road, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Wanyue Xu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology &Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing 100062, China
| | - Fanrui Chen
- College of International Education, Xinyang Normal University, No.237 Nanhu Road, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jingjie Xu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310020, China.
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10
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Rechsteiner D, Issler L, Koller S, Lang E, Bähr L, Feil S, Rüegger CM, Kottke R, Toelle SP, Zweifel N, Steindl K, Joset P, Zweier M, Suter AA, Gogoll L, Haas C, Berger W, Gerth-Kahlert C. Genetic Analysis in a Swiss Cohort of Bilateral Congenital Cataract. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 139:691-700. [PMID: 34014271 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Importance Identification of geographic population-based differences in genotype and phenotype heterogeneity are important for targeted and patient-specific diagnosis and treatment, counseling, and screening strategies. Objective To report disease-causing variants and their detailed phenotype in patients with bilateral congenital cataract from a single center in Switzerland and thereby draw a genetic map and perform a genotype-phenotype comparison of this cohort. Design, Setting, and Participants This clinical and molecular-genetic cohort study took place through the collaboration of the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital Zurich and the Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland. Thirty-seven patients from 25 families with different types of bilateral congenital cataract were included. All participating family members received a comprehensive eye examination. Whole exome sequencing was performed in the index patients, followed by a filtering process to detect possible disease-associated variants in genes previously described in association with congenital cataract. Probable disease-causing variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing in available family members. All data were collected from January 2018 to June 2020, and the molecular-genetic analyses were performed from January 2019 to July 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures Identification of the underlying genetic causes of bilateral congenital cataract, including novel disease-causing variants and phenotype correlation. Results Among the 37 patients (18 [49%] male and 19 [51%] female; mean [SD] age, 17.3 [15.9] years) from 25 families, pathogenic variants were detected in 20 families (80% detection rate), which included 13 novel variants in the following genes: BCOR, COL4A1, CRYBA2, CRYBB2, CRYGC, CRYGS, GJA3, MAF, NHS, and WFS1. Putative disease-causing variants were identified in 14 of 20 families (70%) as isolated cases and in 6 of 20 families (30%) with syndromic cases. A recessive variant in the CRYBB2 gene in a consanguineous family with 2 affected siblings showing a nuclear and sutural cataract was reported in contrast to previously published reports. In addition, the effect on splicing in a minigene assay of a novel splice site variant in the NHS gene (c.[719-2A>G]) supported the pathogenicity of this variant. Conclusions and Relevance This study emphasizes the importance of genetic testing of congenital cataracts. Known dominant genes need to be considered for recessive inheritance patterns. Syndromic types of cataract may be underdiagnosed in patients with mild systemic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Rechsteiner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lydia Issler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Koller
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Elena Lang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Luzy Bähr
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Silke Feil
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Rüegger
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra P Toelle
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noëmi Zweifel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Joset
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aude-Annick Suter
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Gogoll
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Haas
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Berger
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Gerth-Kahlert
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Tătaru CI, Tătaru CP, Costache A, Boruga O, Zemba M, Ciuluvică RC, Sima G. Congenital cataract - clinical and morphological aspects. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2021; 61:105-112. [PMID: 32747900 PMCID: PMC7728133 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital cataract is one of the main causes of blindness in newborns and children. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are about 14 million children suffering from congenital cataract. Our study is based on 82 children, males – 46 (56.1%) and females – 36 (43.9%), with congenital cataract operated in the same ophthalmological centre in Bucharest, Romania. Of the 82 patients, 49 (59.76%) had bilateral cataract and 33 (40.24%) unilateral cataract. Clinically, the most frequent was the total cataract, followed by lamellar, nuclear and cerulean. We employed nine surgical approaches in our patients, depending on the type of intraocular lens (IOL). Morphologically, obvious changes were rendered evident at the level of anterior and posterior capsules, as well as subcapsular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Ioana Tătaru
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Anatomy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; ,
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12
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Clinical characteristics of congenital lamellar cataract and myopia in a Chinese family. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222026. [PMID: 32010934 PMCID: PMC7024846 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the clinical characteristics and the genetic defect in a Chinese family with congenital lamellar cataract with myopia. Three generations of a single family were recruited in the present study. A detailed family history and clinical data were recorded. A total of 100 unrelated ethnically matched controls without family history of congenital cataracts and myopia were also recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. The sequencing of candidate genes was performed to screen out the disease-causing mutation. The effects of amino acid changes on the structure of proteins were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Affected individuals presented lamellar lens opacities and myopia. Direct sequencing revealed a heterozygous c. 34 C>T variation in the αA-crystallin protein (CRYAA) gene, which resulted in the replacement of a highly conserved arginine by cystine at codon 12 (p.R12C). This mutation co-segregated with all affected individuals and was not observed in unaffected members or the 100 normal controls. Bioinformatic analysis showed that a highly conserved region was located around Arg12, an increase in local hydrophobicity was shown around the substitution site and the secondary structure of the mutant CRYAA protein has been changed. This is the case of a congenital lamellar cataract phenotype with myopia associated with the mutation of Arg12Cys (p.R12C) in CRYAA. Our finding confirms the high rate of mutations at this dinucleotide. In addition, these results demonstrate a myopia susceptibility locus in this region, which might also be associated with the mutation in CRYAA.
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13
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Tang S, Di G, Hu S, Liu Y, Dai Y, Chen P. AQP5 regulates vimentin expression via miR-124-3p.1 to protect lens transparency. Exp Eye Res 2021; 205:108485. [PMID: 33582182 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of congenital cataract (CC), a major disease associated with blindness in infants, is complex and diverse. Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) represents an essential membrane water channel. In the present study, whole exome sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous missense mutation of AQP5 (c.152 T > C, p. L51P) in the four generations of the autosomal dominant CC (adCC) family. By constructing a mouse model of AQP5 knockout (KO) using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we observed that the lens of AQP5-KO mice showed mild opacity at approximately six months of age. miR-124-3p.1 expression was identified to be downregulated in the lens of AQP5-KO mice as evidenced by qRT-PCR analysis. A dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that vimentin was a target gene of miR-124-3p.1. Organ-cultured AQP5-KO mouse lenses were showed increased opacity compared to those of WT mice, and vimentin expression was upregulated as determined by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. After miR-124-3p.1 agomir was added, the lens opacity in WT mice and AQP5-KO mice decreased, accompanied by the downregulation of vimentin. AQP5-L51P increased vimentin expression of in human lens epithelial cells. Therefore, a missense mutation in AQP5 (c.152 T > C, p. L51P) was associated with adCC, and AQP5 could participate in the maintenance of lens transparency by regulating vimentin expression via miR-124-3p.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guohu Di
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Institute of Stem Cell Regeneration Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yaning Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunhai Dai
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Institute of Stem Cell Regeneration Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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14
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Ben-Zion I, Prat D. The impact of late-treated pediatric cataract on intraocular pressure. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:1531-1539. [PMID: 33471248 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the intraocular pressure and visual acuity before and after pediatric congenital cataract surgery performed at a relatively older age. METHODS A retrospective analysis of all consecutive pediatric patients diagnosed and operated for bilateral congenital cataracts during a seven-year period (2012-2018) in rural southern Ethiopia. Non-ambulatory vision was defined as hand motion or worse. The main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual acuity. RESULTS Thirty-two children were included, 17 females (53.1%), with a mean age of 11 years (± 2.83) [range, 7-18]. A total of 59 eyes were operated on. The mean follow-up was 4.8 ± 1.8 years (range, 2-8). VA improved from 20/1400 preoperatively to 20/440 postoperatively OD and 20/540 OS (p < 0.001). More eyes had ambulatory vision after cataract surgery than pre-surgery (56 eyes [95%] vs. 29 eyes [49%], p < 0.001). The IOP decreased from a mean preoperative value of 18.4 ± 7.1 mmHg to 14.5 ± 2.9 postoperatively OD (p < 0.001) and 16.3 ± 5.9 mmHg to 13.9 ± 3.5 OS (p < 0.001). Fifteen eyes (24%) had increased IOP (> 21 mmHg) preoperatively, of which three remained high after surgery. Positive correlations were found between IOP, axial length and cup-to-disc ratio. None of the patients required pressure-lowering procedures. CONCLUSION Bilateral congenital cataracts may be associated with ocular hypertension, with possible progression to glaucoma if left untreated. Surgery at a relatively older age often was associated with a significant improvement in intraocular pressure and ambulatory vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Ben-Zion
- Ophthalmology Department, Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel, affiliated With Bar-Ilan Faculty of Medicine, Safed, Israel.
| | - Daphna Prat
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, affiliated With Sackler, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Han X, Fan Q, Hua Z, Qiu X, Qian D, Yang J. Analysis of corneal astigmatism and aberration in chinese congenital cataract and developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:34. [PMID: 33435913 PMCID: PMC7805192 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, aberration, and biometric parameters in Chinese congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery. METHODS We evaluated eyes of CC /developmental cataract patients scheduled for cataract surgery from January 2016 to September 2019. Astigmatism, aberrations, and biometric parameters were measured with the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging device (Pentacam HR, Oculus). Cataract was diagnosed and classified by slit-lamp examination after full mydriasis. RESULTS We evaluated 538 eyes in 356 patients. The mean values of anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) were determined as 1.98 ± 1.06 D (range 0.0‒4.8 D), 0.49 ± 0.26 D (range 0.0‒1.9 D), and 2.09 ± 1.19 D (range 0.2‒8.8 D), respectively. ACA and TCA ≥ 1.25 D was present in 379 eyes (70.3%) and 392 eyes (72.8%), respectively. PCA between 0.25 D and 0.75 D was found in 380 eyes (70.6%). There was a statistically significant positive linear correlation between lower-order aberrations root mean square values (LOA RMS) and corneal astigmatism (CA). Furthermore, in terms of distribution of central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, ACA, PCA, and TCA in different types of cataracts, ACA was highest in patients with zonular cataracts. Finally, we found anterior corneal measurements may overestimate WTR astigmatism, underestimate ATR astigmatism, and underestimate oblique astigmatism, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Most CC /developmental cataract patients had moderate to high astigmatism and ACA accounted for the largest proportion in the zonular group. This can provide a basis for planning of CC/developmental cataract surgery by ophthalmologists in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Han
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Fan
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiang Hua
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodi Qiu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjin Qian
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 200031, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China. .,Visual Rehabilitation Professional Committee, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, 200031, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Rd, 200031, Shanghai, China.
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Shah D, Ramteke P, Jain H, Vaishnav G, Singh R, Neema A, Vasure R. Visual rehabilitation in pediatric cataract with primary intraocular lens implantation. KERALA JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/kjo.kjo_134_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Wang J, Zhu X, Ying P, Zhu Y. PIF1 Affects the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells by Influencing TERT. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7827-7835. [PMID: 32943924 PMCID: PMC7468502 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s265336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cervical cancer is a common malignancy in female and it is a serious disease threatening women’s lives. We aimed to explore whether PIF1 helicase expression could affect cell proliferation and apoptosis, and whether its mechanisms were related to the expression and activity of TERT. Methods Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of PIF1 and TERT in End1/E6E7, Hela, SiHa, Ca-Ski and C-33A cells and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3). RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis determined the expressions of PIF1 and TERT after transfection. After transfection or cycloastragenol (CAG) treatment, the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and telomerase TERT activity were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry analysis and ELISA assay. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify the interactions between PIF1 and TERT. Results The expressions of PIF1 and TERT in End1/E6E7, Hela, SiHa, Ca-Ski and C-33A cells were increased. As PIF1 and TERT expressions in C-33A cells showed the minimum increase, C-33A cells were chosen for the next study. PIF1 interference inhibited the proliferation, decreased the ratio of G2/M phase and promoted apoptosis of transfected cells, and PIF1 interference promoted the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 and suppressed the Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, PIF1 interference down-regulated the telomerase activity. The effect of PIF1 overexpression was opposite to that of PIF1 interference. Co-immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that PIF1 could combine with TERT. CAG treatment effectively reversed the effect of PIF1 interference on proliferation, cycle and apoptosis of C-33A cells transfected with shRNA-PIF1. Moreover, CAG treatment increased the expressions of PIF1 and TERT. Discussion PIF1 helicase could promote the proliferation and suppress the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by down-regulating the activity of telomerase TERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jianhu Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jianhu Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224700, People's Republic of China
| | - Pian Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
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18
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Xu LJ, Lv ZG, Liu Y, Zhang XX, Cui YX, Li XC, Zhu YJ, He J. A novel CRYBB2 mutation causes autosomal dominant cataract: A report from a Chinese family. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:NP57-NP64. [PMID: 32498547 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120926450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine pathogenic mutation within one Chinese family of five-generations suffering from autosomal dominant cataract. METHODS Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to find the pathogenic variants. RESULTS A rare mutation, c.563G > A, in CRYBB2 gene was found in the proband that showed symptom of non-syndromic congenital autosomal dominant cataract. This mutation had been found in all affected individuals and in one healthy infant, but it did not exist between two individuals who did not develop such disease in that family, as well as in 100 healthy subjects who showed no relation with that family. Cataracts in this family varied with different severity of lens opacities and elongation of axial length. CONCLUSION One missense mutation c.563G > A is reported in the CRYBB2 gene among one Chinese family suffering from early-onset cataract, and associated novel phenotypes are the elongation of axial length and the types of cataract. Our results expand the spectrum of associated phenotypes of CRYBB2 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Juan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Gang Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiang Xiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yu Xin Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiao Chun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yi Jun Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
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19
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Li Z, Chang P, Wang D, Zhao Y, Hu M, Ding X, Yu L, Zhao Y. Morphological and biometric features of preexisting posterior capsule defect in congenital cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg 2019; 44:871-877. [PMID: 30055693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the diagnostic signs and biometric characteristics of preexisting posterior capsule defects in congenital cataract. SETTING Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Eyes with congenital cataract were reviewed and divided into a preexisting posterior capsule defect group (study group) and a control group with intact posterior capsules. Diagnostic signs were summarized on agreement of 3 ophthalmologists after they reviewed surgical videos. The biometric parameters, including central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth, axial length, mean keratometry, corneal astigmatism, corneal diameter, and intraocular pressure, were compared between groups. The predictors of preexisting posterior capsule defect were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The study comprised 81 eyes (53 patients). The diagnostic signs of preexisting posterior capsule defect included posterior capsule plaque with a well-demarcated margin, gray granules and vacuoles, and heterogeneous nuclear opacity (more dense in the posterior). The lens was significantly thinner in the study group than in the control group (P < .001). The corneal diameter was significantly smaller in the study group (P = .015 horizontal and P = .005 vertical). Multivariate analysis identified lens thickness as an independent predictor (odds ratio, 0.731; 95% confidence interval, 0.621-0.860; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS For preexisting posterior capsule defect, lens thickness was a valuable predictor and the presence of characteristic morphology was an important indicator. The cornea configuration suggests the need for further study of the role of genetic mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangliang Li
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pingjun Chang
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinying Zhao
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Man Hu
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xixia Ding
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuqing Yu
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yune Zhao
- From the School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health P.R. China, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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20
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Li D, Jing Q, Jiang Y. The identification and characterization of the p.G91 deletion in CRYBA1 in a Chinese family with congenital cataracts. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:153. [PMID: 31488069 PMCID: PMC6727356 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in more than 52 genes have been identified in isolated congenital cataracts, the majority of which are located in crystalline and connexin (gap junction) genes. An in-frame one amino acid deletion in the beta-crystalline gene CRYBA1 has been reported in several different Chinese, Caucasian and Iranian families of congenital cataracts. Further functional studies are needed to confirm the variant pathogenicity. METHODS The purpose of this study is to identify the genetic causes that contribute to congenital cataracts with esotropia and nystagmus in a Chinese family. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on samples from all five family members. The two brothers of the father and their daughters were then enrolled in the study, and 40 suspected variants were sequenced among the 9 subjects using Sanger sequencing. The mRNA and protein levels of CRYBA1 in the lens epithelium from cataract patients and normal controls were compared using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses. The wild-type and mutated forms (p.G91del) of CRYBA1 cDNA were transfected into two types of cell lines, and the expression level of exogenous CRYBA1 was measured by Western blot analysis. The exogenous CRYBA1 proteins were visualized by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS In this two-generation family, all three descendants inherited congenital cataracts with esotropia and nystagmus from the father, while the mother's lens was normal. After two rounds of sequencing, CRYBA1 (c. 269-271 del, p.G91del) was identified as the mutation responsible for the autosomal dominant congenital cataract in the Chinese family. CRYBA1 showed lower expression in cataract lenses than in control lenses. The deleted form (p.G91del) of CRYBA1 showed lower expression and was more aggregate to the cell membrane than the wild-type CRYBA1. CONCLUSIONS We performed molecular experiments to confirm that the p.G91del mutation in CRYBA1 results in abnormal expression and distribution of CRYBA1 protein, and this study could serve as an example of the pathogenicity of an in-frame small deletion in an inherited eye disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qinghe Jing
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yongxiang Jiang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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21
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Yuan C, Han T, Su P, Liu M, Zhou X, Zhang D, Jia W, Wang A, Yue M, Xiang Z, Chen L, Zhang X. A novel MIP mutation in a Chinese family with congenital cataract. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 39:473-476. [PMID: 29947569 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2018.1484930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the disease-causing gene of a four-generation Chinese family with congenital cataract. METHODS To screen the disease-causing gene of the family, six disease genes of congenital cataract are screened by direct DNA sequencing, the cDNA of wild-type (WT) MIP gene, and P191R mutant MIP gene (MT) were constructed into pEGFP-C1 vector and pGH19 vector. The recombinant plasmids of pEGFP-C1, WT, and mutant MIP were transfected into Hela cell to check the localization and HEK293T cells to detect expression level of protein. The cRNA of WT and MT MIP gene were injected into Xenopus oocytes to measure the swelling rate. RESULTS A novel missense mutation c.572C>G(p.P191R)at exon 3 of the MIP gene was identified and co-segregated with disease in the Chinese family. The same amount of pEGFP-WT MIP and pEGFP- P191R MIP plasmids were transfected in Hela cells. Confocal microscopy imaging showed that WT MIP protein predominantly localized on the plasma membrane, the mutant protein was rich in the cytoplasm in Hela cells. Western blot results show that the expression level of P191R mutant MIP was significantly lower than WT MIPincell membrane enriched lysates in HEK293T cells. Xenopus oocytes swelling assay showed that the P191R mutation reduces the swelling rate of Xenopus oocytes. CONCLUSIONS The novel missense mutation c.572C>G(p.P191R)at exon 3 of the MIP gene was identified in a Chinese family of congenital cataract. The mutation affects the traffic of MIP protein in the cells and reduces the expression level of MIP protein in the cell membrane. The mutation of MIP gene reduces the swelling ratio of Xenopus oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China.,b Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi Cental Hospital of Edong Healthcare Group , Hubei Polytechnic University School of Medicine , Huangshi , Hubei , China
| | - Tiantian Han
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Pan Su
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Min Liu
- c Department of Ophthalmology , NO 457 Hospital of Chinese PLA , Wuhan , China
| | - Xiaopei Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Dazhi Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Weimin Jia
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Ali Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Min Yue
- c Department of Ophthalmology , NO 457 Hospital of Chinese PLA , Wuhan , China
| | - Zibing Xiang
- c Department of Ophthalmology , NO 457 Hospital of Chinese PLA , Wuhan , China
| | - Liming Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xianqin Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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22
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Conformational dynamics study on human γS-crystallin as an efficient route to childhood blindness. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:679-684. [PMID: 30827504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Single point mutants of human γS-crystallin cause dominant congenital cataracts, a recent one of which involves the substitution of highly conserved glycine at 57th position with a bulkier tryptophan. Our high-resolution 3D structure of this G57W mutant (abbreviated hereafter as γS-G57W), reported recently revealed site-specific structural perturbations with higher aggregation and lower stability compared to its wild-type; a structural feature associated with important functional and therapeutic consequences. In this communication, we report for the first time, residue resolved conformational dynamics in both γS-WT and γS-G57W using solution NMR spectroscopy, and suggest how these differences could crucially affect the biochemistry of the mutant. Guided by our critical structural investigations, extensive conformational dynamics and biophysical studies presented here show that loss of structural stability arises from enhanced dynamics in Greek key motif 2 inducing flexibility in the N-terminal domain as opposed to its structurally unperturbed C-terminal counterpart. NMR spectral density correlations and internal dynamics comparisons with the wild-type suggest that the overall thermodynamic instability propagates from the mutated N-terminal β4-β5 loop providing a residue level understanding of the structural changes associated with this early onset of lens opacification. Our results highlight the vital role of conserved Greek key motifs in conferring structural stability to crystallins and provide crucial molecular insights into crystallin aggregation in the eye lens, which triggers cataract formation in children. Overall, this critical study provides a residue level understanding of how conformational changes affect the structure and function of crystallins in particular and proteins in general, during health and disease.
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23
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Unique presentation of congenital cataract concurrent with microcornea, microphthalmia plus posterior capsule defect in monozygotic twins caused by a novel GJA8 mutation. Eye (Lond) 2018; 33:686-689. [PMID: 30498267 PMCID: PMC6461845 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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24
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Hadrami M, Bonnet C, Veten F, Zeitz C, Condroyer C, Wang P, Biya M, Sidi Ahmed MA, Zhang Q, Cheikh S, Audo I, Petit C, Houmeida A. A novel missense mutation of GJA8 causes congenital cataract in a large Mauritanian family. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 29:621-628. [PMID: 30373400 DOI: 10.1177/1120672118804757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY Inborn lens opacity is the most frequent cause of childhood blindness. In this study, we aimed to define the presumed genetic cause of a congenital cataract present in a Mauritanian family over the last nine generations. METHODS A family history of the disease and eye examination were carried out for the family members. Next-generation sequencing using a panel of 116 cataract underlying genes was selectively conducted on the proband's DNA. Nucleotide and amino acid changes and their impact on the phenotype were evaluated using various data analyzing software. RESULTS Congenital nuclear cataract, with autosomal dominant mode, was observed in the family. All patients had consequences on their vision in the first 2 years of life. Genetic screening revealed a new mutation c.166A>C (p.Thr56Pro) in GJA8, encoding the Cx50 α-connexin protein. This mutation co-segregated in all patients and was not observed in the unaffected family members and controls. The predicted secondary structure impacted by p.Thr56Pro revealed a localized disruption, in the first extra membrane loop of the wild-type sheet, which is replaced in the mutant protein by a turn then a coil. This conformational change was functionally predicted as probably damaging. CONCLUSION A new mutation (c.166A>C) in GJA8 underlying a nuclear congenital cataract was identified in this study. Its segregation with the phenotype might be useful as a predicting marker of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Hadrami
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Complexité du Vivant, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Fatimetou Veten
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Christina Zeitz
- Institut de la Vision, CNRS-INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Panfeng Wang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohamed Biya
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | | | - Qingjiong Zhang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sidi Cheikh
- Service Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier National, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Isabelle Audo
- Institut de la Vision, CNRS-INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, DHU Sight Restore, INSERM-DHOS CIC 1423, Paris, France.,Institute of Ophthalmology, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Christine Petit
- Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Complexité du Vivant, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Houmeida
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
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25
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Lin D, Chen J, Liu Z, Lin Z, Li X, Wu X, Cao Q, Lin H, Chen W, Liu Y. Impairments of Visual Function and Ocular Structure in Patients With Unilateral Posterior Lens Opacity. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2018; 7:9. [PMID: 30050726 PMCID: PMC6058911 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.7.4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigate visual function impairment and ocular structure in patients with unilateral posterior lens opacity, a type of congenital cataract (CC) in our novel CC category system. METHODS We studied patients aged 3 to 15 years who were diagnosed with unilateral posterior CC. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) were examined. Corneal astigmatism (CA), mean keratometry, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and axial length were measured by Pentacam and IOL-Master. Variations between two eyes were compared by paired t-tests. RESULTS Among the 25 patients involved, BCVAs (logMAR) of cataractous and contralateral healthy eyes were 0.8 ± 0.4 (range, 0.1-1.7) and 0.1 ± 0.1 (range, -0.1 to 0.4). Compared to contralateral healthy eyes, larger CA (1.8 ± 1.2 vs. 0.9 ± 0.4 diopters [D], P = 0.002) and deeper ACD (3.7 ± 0.3 vs. 3.5 ± 0.4 mm, P = 0.009) were found in cataractous eyes. No significant positive or negative linear relationship was found between BCVA and parameters of VEP. Peak time of P100 of pattern VEP-60' in cataractous eyes was longer than that in contralateral healthy eyes (114.9 ± 18.8 vs. 105.0 ± 12.4 ms, P = 0.013). Amplitudes of P100 of patterns VEP-60' and -15' in cataractous eyes were smaller than those in contralateral healthy eyes (PVEP-60', 15.2 ± 5.3 vs. 19.9 ± 10.4 μV, P = 0.023; PVEP-15', 10.4 ± 7.0 vs. 22.1 ± 11.9 μV, P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Impaired visual function and ocular structure were detected in patients with posterior lens opacities. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE This study provides evidence-based clinical recommendations for unilateral posterior CC patients with controversial treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoru Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianzhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Weirong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
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26
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Jara O, Minogue PJ, Berthoud VM, Beyer EC. Chemical chaperone treatment improves levels and distributions of connexins in Cx50D47A mouse lenses. Exp Eye Res 2018; 175:192-198. [PMID: 29913165 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mouse Cx50D47A and human Cx50D47N are non-functional connexin mutants that cause dominantly-inherited cataracts. In tissue culture expression experiments, they both exhibit impaired cellular trafficking and gap junction plaque formation. Lenses of mice expressing Cx50D47A have cataracts, reduced size, drastically decreased levels of connexin50, and less severely reduced levels of connexin46. The PERK-dependent pathway of the ER response to misfolded proteins is activated, and they have impaired differentiation with retained cellular organelles. Since treatments that enhance protein folding improve trafficking and plaque formation by Cx50D47N and other mutant connexins in vitro, and they are successful therapeutics for some other diseases caused by misfolded proteins, we tested the efficacy of the chemical chaperone, 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) in cultured cells and mice expressing Cx50D47A. 4-PBA treatment increased the formation of Cx50D47A-containing plaques at appositional membranes of transiently transfected HeLa cells. Heterozygous Cx50D47A mice were treated with 4-PBA by addition to the drinking water and parenteral injection of pregnant mice (starting 10 days after pairing of males and females) and their pups. Lenses from 1-month-old mice were examined by darkfield illumination and immunofluorescence microscopy. Protein levels were determined by immunoblotting. Cataract size and density were not detectably different between the control and the 4-PBA-treated groups. Lens size was not increased following treatment. Levels of connexin46 and connexin50 were significantly increased in lenses of 4-PBA-treated mice compared with saline-treated animals. Immunofluorescence showed an increased abundance of connexin46 immunoreactivity and puncta. The ratio of phosphorylated to total EIF2α was not altered, and levels of organellar proteins were not significantly reduced, suggesting that the ER response to misfolded proteins and differentiation were not changed. Thus, treatment with 4-PBA improved critical pathological issues in these mice (low connexin and gap junction abundance), but the magnitude of this recovery (especially for Cx50) was inadequate to impact the reduced size or the opacification of Cx50D47A lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Jara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peter J Minogue
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Viviana M Berthoud
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Eric C Beyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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HPV16-E6 Oncoprotein Activates TGF- β and Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathways in the Epithelium-Mesenchymal Transition of Cataracts in a Transgenic Mouse Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2847873. [PMID: 29888254 PMCID: PMC5977056 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2847873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective This work aimed to determine if cataractous changes associated with EMT occurring in the K14E6 mice lenses are associated with TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. Materials and Methods Cataracts of K14E6 mice were analysed histologically; and components of TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were evaluated by Western blot, RT-qPCR, in situ RT-PCR, IHC, or IF technics. Metalloproteinases involved in EMT were also assayed using zymography. The endogenous stabilisation of Smad7 protein was also assessed using an HDAC inhibitor. Results The K14E6 mice, which displayed binocular cataracts in 100% of the animals, exhibited loss of tissue organisation, cortical liquefaction, and an increase in the number of hyperproliferative-nucleated cells with mesenchymal-like characteristics in the lenses. Changes in lenses' cell morphology were due to actin filaments reorganisation, activation of TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, and the accumulation of MTA1 protein. Finally, the stabilisation of Smad7 protein diminishes cell proliferation, as well as MTA1 protein levels. Conclusion The HPV16-E6 oncoprotein induces EMT in transgenic mice cataracts. The molecular mechanism may involve TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, suggesting that the K14E6 transgenic mouse could be a useful model for the study or treatment of EMT-induced cataracts.
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28
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Berry V, Ionides ACW, Pontikos N, Moghul I, Moore AT, Cheetham ME, Michaelides M. Whole-genome sequencing reveals a recurrent missense mutation in the Connexin 46 (GJA3) gene causing autosomal-dominant lamellar cataract. Eye (Lond) 2018; 32:1661-1668. [PMID: 29934635 PMCID: PMC6189195 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital cataract, opacification of the ocular lens, is clinically and genetically a heterogeneous childhood disease. In this study we aimed to identify the underlying genetic cause of isolated autosomal-dominant lamellar cataract in a multi-generation English family. METHODS Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was undertaken in two affected subjects and one unaffected individual. Segregation analysis was performed and a known cataract-causing mutation was identified. Segregation was further validated by sanger sequencing in the entire pedigree. RESULTS A heterozygous mutation c.7 G > T; p.D3Y was identified in an NH2-terminal region of the gap junction protein GJA3 and found to co-segregate with disease. CONCLUSION We have identified a recurrent mutation in GJA3 in a large British pedigree causing the novel phenotype of autosomal-dominant congenital lamellar cataract. Previously, p.D3Y was found in a Hispanic family causing pulverulent cataract. WGS proved an efficient method to find the underlying molecular cause in this large family, which could not be mapped due to uninformative markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanita Berry
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | | | - Nikolas Pontikos
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ismail Moghul
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Anthony T Moore
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
- Ophthalmology Department, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
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Jia Y, Xiong K, Ren HX, Li WJ. Identification of long non-coding RNA and mRNA expression in βΒ2-crystallin knockout mice. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4277-4283. [PMID: 29725372 PMCID: PMC5920316 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
βΒ2-crystallin (CRYBB2) is expressed at an increased level in the postnatal lens cortex and is associated with cataracts. Improved understanding of the underlying biology of cataracts is likely to be critical for the development of early detection strategies and new therapeutics. The present study aimed to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs associated with CRYBB2 knockdown (KO)-induced cataracts. RNAs from 3 non-treated mice and 3 CRYBB2 KO mice were analyzed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 2.0 ST array. A total of 149 lncRNAs and 803 mRNAs were identified to have upregulated expression, including Snora73b, Klk1b22 and Rnu3a, while the expression levels of 180 lncRNAs and 732 mRNAs were downregulated in CRYBB2 KO mice, including Snord82, Snhg9 and Foxn3. This lncRNA and mRNA expression profile of mice with CRYBB2 KO provides a basis for studying the genetic mechanisms of cataract progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Jia
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Kang Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Han-Xiao Ren
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Wang KJ, Zha X, Chen DD, Zhu SQ. Mutation Analysis of Families with Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataract: A Recurrent Mutation in the CRYBA1/A3 Gene Causing Congenital Nuclear Cataract. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:304-307. [PMID: 29364738 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1406527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the CRYBA1/A3 mutation spectrum and analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations in Chinese families with congenital cataract. METHODS Family history and clinical data of 47 unrelated families with autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC) were recorded. CRYBA1/A3 gene sequencing was applied to identify the causative mutation. Haplotypes were constructed using closely linked microsatellite markers and intragenic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to compare the affected haplotype in three families. RESULTS Nuclear cataract was the most common type of ADCC in Chinese families, accounting for 42.6% (20/47). A recurrent CRYBA1/A3 deletion mutation (ΔG91) was identified in three families (6.4%) with nonprogressive nuclear congenital cataract. Different haplotypes segregated with the mutation in each family. CONCLUSIONS A recurrent ΔG91CRYBA1/A3 mutation occurs independently in 6.4% of the Chinese families with autosomal dominant nuclear cataracts and most likely represents a mutational hot spot, which underscores the relations between nonprogressive nuclear cataract and CRYBA1/A3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jie Wang
- a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University,Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab , Beijing , China
| | - Xu Zha
- b Department of Ophthalmology , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Dou Dou Chen
- a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University,Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab , Beijing , China
| | - Si Quan Zhu
- a Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital , Capital Medical University,Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab , Beijing , China
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Abstract
Pediatric cataract is a leading cause of childhood blindness. Untreated cataracts in children lead to tremendous social, economical, and emotional burden to the child, family, and society. Blindness related to pediatric cataract can be treated with early identification and appropriate management. Most cases are diagnosed on routine screening whereas some may be diagnosed after the parents have noticed leukocoria or strabismus. Etiology of pediatric cataract is varied and diagnosis of specific etiology aids in prognostication and effective management. Pediatric cataract surgery has evolved over years, and with improving knowledge of myopic shift and axial length growth, outcomes of these patients have become more predictable. Favorable outcomes depend not only on effective surgery, but also on meticulous postoperative care and visual rehabilitation. Hence, it is the combined effort of parents, surgeons, anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and optometrists that can make all the difference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ganesh Pillay
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Chirakshi Dhull
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Esha Agarwal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Mahabir
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Pulak Aggarwal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Datiles MB, Hejtmancik JF. Congenital Cataracts: Classification and Association With Anterior Segment Abnormalities. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 57:6396. [PMID: 27898986 PMCID: PMC6018371 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-21074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel B Datiles
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States;
| | - J Fielding Hejtmancik
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States;
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A novel missense mutation in HSF4 causes autosomal-dominant congenital lamellar cataract in a British family. Eye (Lond) 2017; 32:806-812. [PMID: 29243736 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeInherited cataract, opacification of the lens, is the most common worldwide cause of blindness in children. We aimed to identify the genetic cause of isolated autosomal-dominant lamellar cataract in a five-generation British family.MethodsWhole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on two affected individuals of the family and further validated by direct sequencing in family members.ResultsA novel missense mutation NM_001040667.2:c.190A>G;p.K64E was identified in the DNA-binding-domain of heat-shock transcription factor 4 (HSF4) and found to co-segregate with disease.ConclusionWe have identified a novel mutation in HSF4 in a large British pedigree causing dominant congenital lamellar cataract. This is the second mutation in this gene found in the British population. This mutation is likely to be dominant negative and affect the DNA-binding affinity of HSF4.
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Berry V, Pontikos N, Albarca-Aguilera M, Plagnol V, Massouras A, Prescott D, Moore AT, Arno G, Cheetham ME, Michaelides M. A recurrent splice-site mutation in EPHA2 causing congenital posterior nuclear cataract. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:236-241. [PMID: 29039721 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1381977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Intoduction: Inherited cataract, opacification of the lens, is the most common worldwide cause of blindness in children. We aimed to identify the genetic cause of autosomal dominant (AD) posterior nuclear cataract in a four generation British family. METHODS Whole genome sequence (WGS) was performed on two affected and one unaffected individual of the family and further validated by direct sequencing. Haplotype analysis was performed via genotying. RESULTS A splice-site mutation c.2826-9G>A in the gene EPHA2, encoding EPH receptor A2 was identified and found to co-segregate with disease. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a recurrent splice-site mutation c.2826-9G>A in EPHA2 causing isolated posterior nuclear cataract, providing evidence of further phenotypic heterogeneity associated with this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanita Berry
- a Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , London , UK
| | - Nikolas Pontikos
- a Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , London , UK.,c Genetics, UCL Genetics Institute , London , UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gavin Arno
- a Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , London , UK
| | | | - Michel Michaelides
- a Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , London , UK.,b Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK
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Segregation of a novel p.(Ser270Tyr) MAF mutation and p.(Tyr56∗) CRYGD variant in a family with dominantly inherited congenital cataracts. Mol Biol Rep 2017; 44:435-440. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-017-4121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liu S, Zhu P, Ni M, Zhang M, Jiang W, Yu M, Zhang J, Wu Q, Li W, Xue C, Xia X. A novel mutation of MIP in a Chinese family with congenital nuclear cataract identified by whole-exome sequencing. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:139-140. [PMID: 28836894 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1342133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaimei Liu
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Peiran Zhu
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Mengxia Ni
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Weijun Jiang
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Maomao Yu
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Jing Zhang
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Qiuyue Wu
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Weiwei Li
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Chunyan Xue
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- a Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China
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Shen C, Wang J, Wu X, Wang F, Liu Y, Guo X, Zhang L, Cao Y, Cao X, Ma H. Next-generation sequencing for D47N mutation in Cx50 analysis associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataract in a six-generation Chinese family. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:73. [PMID: 28526010 PMCID: PMC5437554 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital cataract is the most frequent cause of blindness during infancy or early childhood. To date, more than 40 loci associated with congenital cataract have been identified, including at least 26 genes on different chromosomes associated with inherited cataract. This present study aimed to identify the genetic mutation in a six-generation Chinese family affected with congenital cataract. Methods A detailed six-generation Chinese cataract family history and clinical data of the family members were recorded. A total of 27 family members, including 14 affected and 13 unaffected individuals were recruited. Whole exome sequencing was performed to determine the disease-causing mutation. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the results. Results A known missense mutation, c. 139G > A (p. D47N), in Cx50 was identified. This mutation co-segregated with all affected individuals and was not observed in the unaffected family members or in 100 unrelated controls. The homology modeling showed that the structure of the mutant protein was different with that wild-type Cx50. Conclusions The missense mutation c.139G > A in GJA8 gene is associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataract in a six-generation Chinese family. The result of this present study provides further evidence that the p. D47N mutation in CX50 is a hot-spot mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbing Wang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotang Wu
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchao Wang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Cao
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Cao
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxing Ma
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wu MH, Yu YH, Hao QL, Gong XH, Yao K. A novel splice site mutation of CRYBA3/A1 gene associated with congenital cataract in a Chinese family. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:1-5. [PMID: 28149769 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the disease-causing mutation responsible for the presence of congenital cataract in a Chinese family. METHODS The study recruited a four-generation Chinese pedigree affected by autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC). Family history and the history of cataract extraction were recorded. Blood samples were collected from individuals for DNA extraction. Direct sequencing of congenital cataract-associated genes was performed. Single-strand conformational polymorphism and bioinformatic analysis were conducted to further study the mutation. RESULTS Direct sequencing revealed a novel splice site mutation of c.30-2 A>G in the CRYBA3/A1 gene. The mutation co-segregated within all affected individuals in the family and was not found in unaffected members or 100 unrelated normal controls. These results were further confirmed by single-strand conformational polymorphism and bioinformatic analysis using the Human Splicing Finder and MaxEnt online software and Annovar computer software. CONCLUSION c.30-2 A>G mutation of CRYBA3/A1 gene is a novel mutation and broadens the genetic spectrum of ADCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Wu
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yin-Hui Yu
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qin-Long Hao
- Institute of Translational, Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Gong
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley 94710, California, USA
| | - Ke Yao
- Department of Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
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Min HY, Qiao PP, Yan ZH, Jiang HF, Zhu YP, Du HQ, Li Q, Wang JW, Zhang J, Sun J, Yi X, Yang L. Targeted Genes Sequencing Identified a Novel 15 bp Deletion on GJA8 in a Chinese Family with Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataracts. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:860-7. [PMID: 26996484 PMCID: PMC4819309 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.178966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Congenital cataract (CC) is the leading cause of visual impairment or blindness in children worldwide. Because of highly genetic and clinical heterogeneity, a molecular diagnosis of the lens disease remains a challenge. Methods: In this study, we tested a three-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant CCs by targeted sequencing of 45 CC genes on next generation sequencing and evaluated the pathogenicity of the detected mutation by protein structure, pedigree validation, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Results: A novel 15 bp deletion on GJA8 (c.426_440delGCTGGAGGGGACCCT or p. 143_147delLEGTL) was detected in the family. The deletion, concerned with an in-frame deletion of 5 amino acid residues in a highly evolutionarily conserved region within the cytoplasmic loop domain of the gap junction channel protein connexin 50 (Cx50), was in full cosegregation with the cataract phenotypes in the family but not found in 1100 control exomes. MD simulation revealed that the introduction of the deletion destabilized the Cx50 gap junction channel, indicating the deletion as a dominant-negative mutation. Conclusions: The above results support the pathogenic role of the 15 bp deletion on GJA8 in the Chinese family and demonstrate targeted genes sequencing as a resolution to molecular diagnosis of CCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yi Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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Kristiansen E, Revold T, Lingaas F, Narfström K, Pedersen PB, Kielland C, Dahl S, Ropstad EO. Cataracts in the Norwegian Buhund-current prevalence and characteristics. Vet Ophthalmol 2017; 20:460-467. [PMID: 28044393 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate prevalence and characteristics of cataracts in the Norwegian Buhund breed 20 years after high reported prevalence of especially pulverulent nuclear cataracts (PNCs). ANIMALS STUDIED Two hundred and fifty Norwegian Buhund dogs in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark (117 males and 133 females) with previously unknown eye health status were included. Forty-five dogs had multiple examinations (two to six times over a 6-year period). Median age was 4.4 years [0.2-15.2] at first examination and 5.3 years [0.2-15.2] at last examination. PROCEDURES All dogs underwent regular screening for inherited eye diseases. RESULTS At the last observation of each dog, 52.4% were affected by PNC, categorized as minimal (33 of 250 dogs; 13.2%), mild (31 dogs; 12.4%), moderate (38 dogs; 15.2%), or pronounced (29 dogs; 11.6%). Moderate or pronounced changes were only seen in older dogs, and progressive changes were identified in some of the re-examined dogs. Some dogs, free of lenticular changes at early examinations, were affected by PNC at re-examinations. The odds for finding PNC increased with dog's age up to approximately 8 years. Presumably inherited cataracts other than PNC were found in 53 dogs (21.2%) with cortical (17.6%) and posterior polar (6.4%) locations as the most common ones. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of PNC in the breed reported 20 years ago persists. PNCs are not always visible in young dogs, and the rate of progression varies. The prevalence of other types of cataract is also high, but cataracts rarely cause loss of vision in this breed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Revold
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Lingaas
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina Narfström
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Colombia, MO, USA.,RetVet KB, Vaxholm, Sweden
| | | | - Camilla Kielland
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ernst-Otto Ropstad
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Zhu P, Li W, Ni M, Zhang C, Liu S, Wu Q, Jiang W, Zhang J, Zhang M, Li X, Cui Y, Xue C, Xia X. The P20R mutation of αB-crystallin diminishes its anti-apoptotic activity in human lens epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:463-467. [PMID: 28007594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
αB-crystallin acts as an anti-apoptosis protein in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells. We recently identified a missense mutation in αB-crystallin that changes proline 20 to an arginine (P20R) in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital posterior polar cataract. The impact of the P20R mutation on the anti-apoptosis function remains unclear. To explore the anti-apoptotic activity of αB-crystallin wild type (αB-wt) and its P20R mutant under oxidative stress, HLE cells were transfected with αB-wt and αB-P20R constructs and expression was measured by western blotting. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL) staining were performed to investigate apoptosis. We found that αB-wt performed a dominant role in inhibiting stress-induced apoptosis, but this function was impeded in cells expressing αB-P20R. The P20R mutant of αB-crystallin exhibits diminished anti-apoptotic activity compared with the native protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Zhu
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Mengxia Ni
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Shuaimei Liu
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Wu
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Weijun Jiang
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Yingxia Cui
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Chunyan Xue
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, PR China.
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Dang FT, Yang FY, Yang YQ, Ge XL, Chen D, Zhang L, Yu XP, Gu F, Zhu YH. A novel mutation of p.F32I in GJA8 in human dominant congenital cataracts. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1561-1567. [PMID: 27990357 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.11.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify a causative mutation in a three-generation family with autosomal dominant congenital total cataract and dissect the molecular consequence of the identified mutation. METHODS Clinical and ophthalmological examinations were performed on the affected and unaffected family members. Mutation were screened in recruited family members by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the two reported genes (CRYAA and GJA8) which were linked to human total cataracts and direct sequencing of the PCR product. The molecular consequences of the identified mutation was dissected. The plasmids carrying wild-type and mutant mouse ORF of Gja8, coding for connexin 50 (Cx50), were generated and ectopic expressed in 293 cells. Recombinant protein expression and cellular localization of recombinated Cx50 were assessed by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Clinical and ophthalmological examinations were performed on the affected and unaffected family members. Mutation were screened in recruited family members by PCR of the two reported genes (CRYAA and GJA8) which were linked to human total cataracts and direct sequencing of the PCR product. The molecular consequences of the identified mutation was dissected. The plasmids carrying wild-type and mutant mouse ORF of Gja8, coding for Cx50, were generated and ectopic expressed in 293 cells. Recombinant protein expression and cellular localization of recombinated Cx50 were assessed by confocal microscopy. CONCLUSION This study has identified a novel cataract mutation in GJA8, which adds a novel mutation to the existing spectrum of Cx50 mutations with cataract. The molecular consequences of p.F32I mutation in GJA8 exclude instability and the mislocalization of mutant Cx50 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Tao Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fa-Yu Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Qin Yang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Lian Ge
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ding Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin-Ping Yu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Gu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
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Yuan L, Yi J, Lin Q, Xu H, Deng X, Xiong W, Xiao J, Jiang C, Yuan X, Chen Y, Deng H. Identification of a PRX variant in a Chinese family with congenital cataract by exome sequencing. QJM 2016; 109:731-735. [PMID: 27081207 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital cataract is a common cause of childhood vision impairment or blindness with genetic and clinical heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to identify the disease-associated gene in a Chinese family with congenital cataract. METHODS A four-generation Chinese family with three enrolled patients suffering from congenital cataract was studied. Detailed family history and clinical data of all the members were collected and recorded. Exome sequencing was applied in the proband to screen potential genetic variants, and then Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variant within the family. RESULTS A heterozygous variant, c.3673G > A (p.V1225M), in the periaxin gene (PRX) was identified in three patients and two asymptomatic individuals of the family. The variant was absent in the other three unaffected family members and in 3290 ethnically matched in-house controls from BGI-Shenzhen. CONCLUSIONS By utilizing both exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing, we identified a missense variant in the PRX gene that is possibly associated with disease in this family. Our finding may broaden the spectrum of genes associated with congenital cataract, and may provide insights into lens development, pathogenic mechanism, future clinical genetic diagnosis and therapy of congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yuan
- From the Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology
| | - J Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Q Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - H Xu
- From the Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology
| | - X Deng
- From the Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology
| | - W Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - C Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - X Yuan
- From the Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology
| | - Y Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410126, China
| | - H Deng
- From the Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology
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Cheng MH, Tam CN, Choy KW, Tsang WH, Tsang SL, Pang CP, Song YQ, Sham MH. A γA-Crystallin Mouse Mutant Secc with Small Eye, Cataract and Closed Eyelid. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160691. [PMID: 27513760 PMCID: PMC4981419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is the most common cause of visual loss in humans. A spontaneously occurred, autosomal dominant mouse mutant Secc, which displayed combined features of small eye, cataract and closed eyelid was discovered in our laboratory. In this study, we identified the mutation and characterized the cataract phenotype of this novel Secc mutant. The Secc mutant mice have eyelids that remain half-closed throughout their life. The mutant lens has a significant reduction in size and with opaque spots clustered in the centre. Histological analysis showed that in the core region of the mutant lens, the fiber cells were disorganized and clefts and vacuoles were observed. The cataract phenotype was evident from new born stage. We identified the Secc mutation by linkage analysis using whole genome microsatellite markers and SNP markers. The Secc locus was mapped at chromosome 1 flanked by SNPs rs3158129 and rs13475900. Based on the chromosomal position, the candidate cataract locus γ-crystallin gene cluster (Cryg) was investigated by sequencing. A single base deletion (299delG) in exon 3 of Cryga which led to a frame-shift of amino acid sequence from position 91 was identified. As a result of this mutation, the sequences of the 3rd and 4th Greek-key motifs of the γA-crystallin are replaced with an unrelated C-terminal peptide of 75 residues long. Coincidentally, the point mutation generated a HindIII restriction site, allowing the identification of the CrygaSecc mutant allele by RFLP. Western blot analysis of 3-week old lenses showed that the expression of γ-crystallins was reduced in the CrygaSecc mutant. Furthermore, in cell transfection assays using CrygaSecc mutant cDNA expression constructs in 293T, COS-7 and human lens epithelial B3 cell lines, the mutant γA-crystallins were enriched in the insoluble fractions and appeared as insoluble aggregates in the transfected cells. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the Secc mutation leads to the generation of CrygaSecc proteins with reduced solubility and prone to form aggregates within lens cells. Accumulation of mutant proteins in the lens fibers would lead to cataract formation in the Secc mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hei Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chung Nga Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Hung Tsang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sze Lan Tsang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - You Qiang Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Reproduction Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mai Har Sham
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Reproduction Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ma MF, Li LB, Pei YQ, Cheng Z. Use of high-throughput targeted exome sequencing in genetic diagnosis of Chinese family with congenital cataract. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:650-4. [PMID: 27275416 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify disease-causing mutation in a congenital cataract family using enrichment of targeted genes combined with next-generation sequencing. METHODS A total of 371 known genes related to inherited eye diseases of the proband was selected and captured, followed by high-throughput sequencing. The sequencing data were analyzed by established bioinformatics pipeline. Validation was performed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS A recurrent heterozygous non-synonymous mutation c.130G>A (p.V44M) in the GJA3 gene was identified in the proband. The result was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The mutation showed co-segregation with the disease phenotype in the family but was not detected in unaffected controls. CONCLUSION Targeted exome sequencing is a rapid, high-throughput and cost-efficient method for screening known genes and could be applied to the routine gene diagnosis of congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health of the National Health and Family Planning Commission (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Lian-Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health of the National Health and Family Planning Commission (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Yun-Qi Pei
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhi Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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46
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Li B, Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo H, Hu Z, Xia K, Jin X. Identification of a GJA3 Mutation in a Large Family with Bilateral Congenital Cataract. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:135-9. [PMID: 26683566 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The congenital cataract has been a clinically important cause of impaired vision development, making up about 10% of the cases of childhood blindness. Mutations of more than 40 genes have been identified causing congenital cataract with Mendelian inheritance, which indicated that it has an extremely high genetic heterogeneity. In this study, we recruited a large congenital cataract family and identified a missense mutation (c.143A>G: p.E48G) within gap junction protein alpha-3 (GJA3) gene in the proband using whole exome sequencing. Subsequent Sanger sequencing of this mutation in all family members revealed that this mutation cosegregated with the phenotype in the family with full penetrance. Our study identified a mutation in GJA3 that correlated with congenital cataract phenotype, which was not reported previously, and would be of benefit to the diagnosis of this genetic disorder. This finding expands the mutation spectrum of GJA3 and provides useful information for further study of the molecular pathogenesis of congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- 2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaning Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Hui Guo
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 3 College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University , Urumqi, China
- 4 Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xuemin Jin
- 2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
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Yuan L, Sui T, Chen M, Deng J, Huang Y, Zeng J, Lv Q, Song Y, Li Z, Lai L. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GJA8 knockout in rabbits recapitulates human congenital cataracts. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22024. [PMID: 26912477 PMCID: PMC4766569 DOI: 10.1038/srep22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are the leading cause of vision loss in the world, although surgical treatment can restore vision in cataract patients. Until now, there have been no adequate animal models for in vivo studies of artificial lens safety and drug interactions. Genetic studies have demonstrated that GJA8 is involved in maintaining lens opacity and proper lens development. In this study, a cataract model with GJA8 gene knockout was developed via co-injection of Cas9/sgRNA mRNA into rabbit zygotes. Our results showed that gene mutation efficiency in the GJA8 locus reached 98.7% in embryos and 100% in pups, demonstrating that the Cas9/sgRNA system is a highly efficient tool for gene editing in rabbits. In agreement with other studies, our genetic and histology results showed that impaired GJA8 function caused microphthalmia, small lens size and cataracts. In summary, our novel rabbit model of cataracts will be an important drug-screening tool for cataract prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Tingting Sui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jichao Deng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.,College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qingyan Lv
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yuning Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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48
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Bayoumi NHL. Surgical Management of Glaucoma After Congenital Cataract Surgery. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2015; 52:213-20. [PMID: 25915009 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20150414-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cataract surgery in children is a difficult entity with possible complications, glaucoma being particularly common. The purpose of this study was to explore the results of surgical intervention for glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery in Alexandria University, Egypt. METHODS The study was a retrospective chart review of 32 children with glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery between 2005 and 2012. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative data were collected. Complications were noted. Success was studied at the end of follow-up. RESULTS The study included 41 (36 aphakic, 5 pseudophakic) eyes of 32 children undergoing 57 glaucoma surgical procedures. The mean ± standard deviation age at the time of surgery was 17.2 ± 21.6 months (range: 3.0 to 103.5 months) and the mean follow-up period was 39.1 ± 25.2 months (range: 1 to 75 months). The most common (78%) primary glaucoma surgical procedure was combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. The mean preoperative intraocular pressure, corneal diameter and thickness, cup-disc ratio, and axial length of the study eyes was 22.3 ± 6.1 mm Hg (range: 10 to 34 mm Hg), 11.4 ± 0.9 mm (range: 10 to 13 mm) and 617.6 ± 66.8 µm (range: 538 to 758 µm), 0.5 ± 0.3 mm (range: 0 to 1 mm), and 22.85 ± 2.75 mm (range: 18.55 to 29.17 mm), respectively, and postoperatively at last follow-up was 11.0 ± 7.3 mm Hg (range: 1 to 36 mm Hg), 11.5 ± 0.9 mm (range: 10 to 13 mm) and 576.8 ± 83.3 µm (range: 461 to 736 µm), 0.4 ± 0.3 mm (range: 0 to 1 mm), and 24.62 ± 2.81 mm (range: 19.70 to 32.81 mm), respectively. Success was reported in 34 (82.9%) eyes. Complications included endophthalmitis, hypotony disc edema, and retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS Glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery is a difficult entity, often requiring more than one surgical procedure to control it. Long-term follow-up is mandatory to detect any failure of treatment at any time point and manage accordingly.
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Liang C, Liang H, Yang Y, Ping L, Jie Q. Mutation analysis of two families with inherited congenital cataracts. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3469-3475. [PMID: 26004348 PMCID: PMC4526073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the genetic mutations in two families affected with congenital cataracts. Detailed family histories and clinical data of the family members were recorded. The family members with affected phenotypes were recruited, and candidate gene sequencing was performed to determine the disease‑causing mutation. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the function of the mutant gene. Green fluorescent protein‑tagged human wild‑type CRYAA and GJA8 were sub‑cloned, and the mutants were generated by site‑directed mutagenesis. A novel mutation, c.416T>C (p.L139P), in CRYAA and a known mutation, c.139G>A (p.D47N), in GJA8 were identified. These mutations co‑segregated with all affected individuals in each family and were not observed in the unaffected family members or in unrelated controls. The results of the bioinformatics analysis indicated that the amino acid at position 139 was highly conserved and that the p.L139P mutation was predicted to be damaging, as with p.D47N. Finally, overexpression of the two mutants revealed marked alterations, compared with the wild‑type proteins. These results extend the mutation spectrum of CRYAA and provides further evidence that the p.D47N mutation in GJA8 is a hot-spot mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Liu Ping
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Jie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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50
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Shao DW, Yang CY, Liu B, Chen W, Wang H, Ru HX, Zhang M, Wang Y. Bioinformatics Analysis of Potential Candidates for Therapy of TDRD7 Deficiency-Induced Congenital Cataract. Ophthalmic Res 2015; 54:10-7. [PMID: 25997407 DOI: 10.1159/000381478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to identify potential candidates and explore the possible mechanism in congenital cataract induced by tudor domain-containing 7 (TDRD7) deficiency. METHODS The gene expression profile GSE25812 generated from 18 samples was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between disease and normal groups were identified. Then, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and transcription factor (TF) regulatory network were constructed. The modules in the PPI network were identified. Significant target genes were selected from the TF regulatory network. RESULTS A total of 329 DEGs were obtained, and downregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes including defense response and immune response. In the PPI network, high-degree genes of complement component 1, q subcomponent, A/B/C chain (C1QA/C1QB/C1QC), lymphocyte antigen 86 (LY86) and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) were identified. From the TF regulatory network, the heat shock 27 kDa protein 1 (HSPB1) was the target of the estrogen receptor 1, and LY86 was the target of the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog. CONCLUSION HSPB1, NRAS, immune response, defense response and the related genes LY86, C1QA/C1QB/C1QC may play an important role in the development of congenital cataract induced by TDRD7 deficiency. However, further experiments are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wang Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
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