1
|
Marguš M, Ahel M, Čanković M, Ljubešić Z, Terzić S, Hodak Kobasić V, Ciglenečki I. Phytoplankton pigment dynamics in marine lake fluctuating between stratified and holomictic euxinic conditions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114931. [PMID: 37075558 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomass dynamics in the marine lake are strongly dependent on seasonal variability in vertical stratification, indicating rapid adaptation of phytoplankton to short-term changes in the water column. A small marine lake (Rogoznica Lake, Croatia), which fluctuates between stably stratified and holomictic euxinic conditions, was used as a model to study the phytoplankton responses to environmental perturbations, in particular the anoxic stress, caused by periodic holomixia. The epilimnion showed significant temporal and vertical variability with a chlorophyll a subsurface maximum with the highest biomass near the chemocline. Fucoxanthin-containing biomass (diatoms) dominated in the epilimnion in colder seasons and was first to recover after holomictic euxinic events. The shift towards the smaller groups prevailed during highly stratified water column conditions in warmer seasons. Results for the hypolimnion were more enigmatic, with high concentrations of alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, and violaxanthin indicating the presence of a viable small-size mixotrophic community under extreme conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Marguš
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijan Ahel
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Milan Čanković
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Ljubešić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Senka Terzić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedranka Hodak Kobasić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Ciglenečki
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Simonović N, Dominović I, Marguš M, Matek A, Ljubešić Z, Ciglenečki I. Dynamics of organic matter in the changing environment of a stratified marine lake over two decades. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161076. [PMID: 36565878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The marine lake (Rogoznica Lake), which fluctuates between stratified and holomictic conditions, is a unique environment on the eastern Adriatic coast affected by environmental changes. These changes are reflected in the warming of the water column, the apparent deoxygenation of the epilimnion, and the accumulation of organic matter (OM), toxic sulfide, and ammonium in the anoxic hypolimnion. Since the early 1990s, the volume of anoxic water has increased as the chemocline has moved to the surface water layer. A trend toward enrichment of refractory dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was observed in the anoxic hypolimnion, while a decreasing trend was observed in the oxic epilimnion in the spring DOC. At the same time, the most reactive surface-active fraction of DOC showed the opposite trend. In addition, there is evidence of accumulation of particulate organic carbon (POC) in the water column, followed by an increase in the fraction of POC in total organic carbon (TOC). On a multi-year scale (1996-2020), this work presents a unique time series of the dynamics of OM in the stratified marine system, showing a significant change in its quantity and quality due to climate and environmental variability. DOC-normalized surfactant activity is shown to be a good indicator of environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niki Simonović
- Laboratory for Physical Oceanography and Chemistry of Aquatic Systems, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Dominović
- Laboratory for Physical Oceanography and Chemistry of Aquatic Systems, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Marguš
- Laboratory for Physical Oceanography and Chemistry of Aquatic Systems, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonija Matek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Ljubešić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Ciglenečki
- Laboratory for Physical Oceanography and Chemistry of Aquatic Systems, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Čanković M, Dutour-Sikirić M, Radić ID, Ciglenečki I. Bacterioneuston and Bacterioplankton Structure and Abundance in Two Trophically Distinct Marine Environments - a Marine Lake and the Adjacent Coastal Site on the Adriatic Sea. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:996-1010. [PMID: 34817641 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Marine surface microlayer (SML) is a large and extreme marine environment with an important role in biogeochemical cycling and climate regulation. We explored the seasonal structure and abundance of bacterial assemblages in SML (bacterioneuston) and underlying water layer (ULW) (bacterioplankton) in eutrophic marine Rogoznica Lake and more oligotrophic coastal area of the adjacent Adriatic Sea. SML and ULW in each site were similar in pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, and temperature. Rogoznica Lake was colder in winter and warmer in summer compared to the Adriatic Sea. Regarding nutrients, SML and ULW were notably different environments. SML was consistently enriched in nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and total organic carbon than ULW in both investigated environments. Except in spring in Rogoznica Lake, bacterial abundance in SML was also significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in ULW. Both layers and sites show prominent seasonal variability. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing of DNA and cDNA revealed a considerable difference in bacterial assemblage structure, although study sites were < 200 m apart. Heterotrophs were predominant in both layers with pronounced spatial and temporal structural differences, except in autumn in Rogoznica Lake when, autotrophs became the dominant fraction under oxygen-deprived conditions. All these variations were driven by in situ conditions, the most important ones being total organic carbon and temperature (and additionally dissolved oxygen in Rogoznica Lake). This is especially important in terms of ongoing eutrophication, warming and deoxygenation, noticed not only in the Adriatic Sea and Rogoznica Lake but globally as well. Therefore, further structural and physiological changes in bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton assemblages can be expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Čanković
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Mathieu Dutour-Sikirić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iris Dupčić Radić
- Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, Ul. kneza Damjana Jude 12, 20 000, Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | - Irena Ciglenečki
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Members of candidate Asgardarchaeota superphylum appear to share numerous eukaryotic-like attributes thus being broadly explored for their relevance to eukaryogenesis. On the contrast, the ecological roles of Asgard archaea remains understudied. Asgard archaea have been frequently associated to low-oxygen aquatic sedimentary environments worldwide spanning a broad but not extreme salinity range. To date, the available information on diversity and potential biogeochemical roles of Asgardarchaeota mostly sourced from marine habitats and to a much lesser extend from true saline environments (i.e., > 3% w/v total salinity). Here, we provide an overview on diversity and ecological implications of Asgard archaea distributed across saline environments and briefly explore their metagenome-resolved potential for osmoadaptation. Loki-, Thor- and Heimdallarchaeota are the dominant Asgard clades in saline habitats where they might employ anaerobic/microaerophilic organic matter degradation and autotrophic carbon fixation. Homologs of primary solute uptake ABC transporters seemingly prevail in Thorarchaeota, whereas those putatively involved in trehalose and ectoine biosynthesis were mostly inferred in Lokiarchaeota. We speculate that Asgardarchaeota might adopt compatible solute-accumulating ('salt-out') strategy as response to salt stress. Our current understanding on the distribution, ecology and salt-adaptive strategies of Asgardarchaeota in saline environments are, however, limited by insufficient sampling and incompleteness of the available metagenome-assembled genomes. Extensive sampling combined with 'omics'- and cultivation-based approaches seem, therefore, crucial to gain deeper knowledge on this particularly intriguing archaeal lineage.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Xu H, Wang L, Liu R, Fu L, Lin K. Unique bacterial communities and potential function along the vertical gradient in the deepest marine blue hole. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:911-927. [PMID: 34490729 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Sansha Yongle Blue Hole is the deepest blue hole in the world discovered so far, while its great potential and values have not been fully exploited regarding microbial communities. A large-scale sampling was performed at different depths (0-270 m) inside the blue hole. Based on high-throughput sequencing, the diversity and richness of bacterial communities were relatively higher in oxic and euphotic layer, and at depths of 180-230 m in anoxic layer. Proteobacteria was dominant with mean relative abundance of 64.7%. As the representative genera, Thiomicrospira and Arcobacter were detected with higher abundances up to 96.1% and 31.5% in the anaerobic environment. Principal co-ordinates analysis, one-way ANOVA and network analysis highlighted the distinctive species at different depths. Correlation analysis illustrated the significant correlations between the bacteria and environmental elements of dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, pH, sulphur and nutrient. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the microbial ecosystem was characterized with infrequent and unidentified microorganisms in the deep layer. This research revealed the unique microbial ecosystem and potential functions in regulating ecosystem productivity and cycling of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen. Comprehensive and long-term investigations in the Sansha Blue Hole should be taken to conserve the peculiar ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Huitao Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Sansha Trackline Institute of Coral Reef Environment Protection, Sansha, 571400, China
| | - Kuixuan Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang T, Wang X, Tian W, Yao L, Li Y, Chen Z, Han H. Screening of Heavy Metal-Immobilizing Bacteria and Its Effect on Reducing Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ Concentrations in Water Spinach ( Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093122. [PMID: 32365834 PMCID: PMC7246948 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial immobilization is considered as a novel and environmentally friendly technology that uses microbes to reduce heavy metals accumulation in plants. To explore microbial resources which are useful in these applications, three water spinach rhizosphere soils polluted by different levels of heavy metals (heavy pollution (CQ), medium pollution (JZ), and relative clean (NF)) were collected. The community composition of heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soils and its effects on reducing the Cd2+ and Pb2+ concentrations in water spinach were evaluated. Four hundred strains were isolated from the CQ (belonging to 3 phyla and 14 genera), JZ (belonging to 4 phyla and 25 genera) and NF (belonged to 6 phyla and 34 genera) samples, respectively. In the CQ sample, 137 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+, giving Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal rates of greater than 80% in solution; Brevundimonas, Serratia, and Pseudoarthrobacter were the main genera. In total, 62 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the JZ sample and Bacillus and Serratia were the main genera. A total of 22 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the NF sample, and Bacillus was the main genus. Compared to the control, Enterobacter bugandensis CQ-7, Bacillus thuringensis CQ-33, and Klebsiella michiganensis CQ-169 significantly increased the dry weight (17.16-148%) of water spinach and reduced the contents of Cd2+ (59.78-72.41%) and Pb2+ (43.36-74.21%) in water spinach. Moreover, the soluble protein and Vc contents in the shoots of water spinach were also significantly increased (72.1-193%) in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169 compared to the control. In addition, the contents of Cd and Pb in the shoots of water spinach meet the standard for limit of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in vegetables in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169. Thus, the results provide strains as resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmlands for the safe production of vegetables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
| | - Wei Tian
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
| | - Yadong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Zhaojin Chen
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-377-63525027 (Z.C. & H.H.)
| | - Hui Han
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-377-63525027 (Z.C. & H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|