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Cakir C, Kuspinar G, Aslan K, Bozyigit C, Kasapoglu I, Dirican M, Uncu G, Avci B. Dehydroepiandrosterone modulates the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to alleviate 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in rats. Exp Anim 2024; 73:319-335. [PMID: 38494723 PMCID: PMC11254495 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is frequently integrated as an adjuvant in over a quarter of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) protocols, despite the ongoing debate regarding its impact. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of DHEA on ovarian follicular development and ovarian response in rats with varying ovarian reserves. The study involved 75 rats categorized into 15 distinct groups. The ovarian tissues of rats in both the normal ovarian reserve group and the premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) group, induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) injection, were subjected to histomorphological and biochemical analyses following the administration of DHEA, either alone or in combination with COH. Follicle counting was performed on histological sections obtained from various tissues. Serum concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and the quantification of specific proteins in ovarian tissue, including phosphatase and tensin homolog of chromosome 10 (PTEN), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), caspase-3, as well as assessments of total antioxidant status and total oxidant status, were conducted employing the ELISA method. The impact of DHEA exhibited variability based on ovarian reserve. In the POI model, DHEA augmented follicular development and ovarian response to the COH protocol by upregulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, mitigating apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, contrary to its effects in the normal ovarian reserve group. In conclusion, it has been determined that DHEA may exert beneficial effects on ovarian stimulation response by enhancing the initiation of primordial follicles and supporting antral follicle populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Cakir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Goktan Kuspinar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Kiper Aslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Cengiz Bozyigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bursa City Hospital, Doğanköy District, Nilüfer Bursa, 16110, Türkiye
| | - Isil Kasapoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Melahat Dirican
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Gurkan Uncu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
| | - Berrin Avci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Nilüfer, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
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Rabadia JP, Desai TR, Thite VS. Plumeria acuminata: A Systematic in vivo Evaluation for Its Anti-ovulatory and Anti-Implantation Features. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220426101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Fertility control becomes necessary for under-developed and developing nations for the betterment of the economy, environment, and society. Plant Plumeria acuminata, “Temple tree or Frangipani”, of the Apocynaceae family has exhibited several activities similar to contraceptive medicine and is widely distributed in India.
Objective:
Present investigation aimed to study the anti-ovulatory and anti-implantation activities of ethanolic extract from P. acuminata leaves and roots in Wistar rats.
Methods:
Ethanolic extracts of P. acuminata leaves and roots were subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity test. Immature female rats were used to explore anti-ovulatory characteristics administering HCG as a standard ovulation-inducing drug. Mated females were used for exploring anti-implantation characteristics. Levonorgestrel and Ethinylestradiol were administered as standard anti-implantation drugs. Morphological, hematological, hormonal, and histological examinations were performed.
Results:
LD50 value i.e., 2000 mg/kg from acute toxicity test resulted in the selection of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg dose values for both leaf and root extracts. Treatment with these brought ~2-54%, ~5-48%, and ~1-68% changes respectively in the hormonal, growth factors’ and cytokines’ profile. Ovarian histology revealed restricted follicle maturation and ovulation whereas uterine histology unveiled a ~5-28% decrease in the endometrium thickness making it unreceptive for implantation after treatment with PAL and PAR extracts.
Conclusion:
Anti-ovulatory and anti-implantation results obtained here can be attributed to the presence of plumericin, sterol as well as triterpene groups of phytochemicals from ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots, making them potent contestants for studies on future contraceptive medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Rabadia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, R K University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. 360020
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. 390020
| | - Tushar R Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, R K University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. 360020
| | - Vihang S Thite
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. 390020
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di Clemente N, Racine C, Pierre A, Taieb J. Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Female Reproduction. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:753-782. [PMID: 33851994 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also called Müllerian inhibiting substance, was shown to be synthesized by the ovary in the 1980s. This article reviews the main findings of the past 20 years on the regulation of the expression of AMH and its specific receptor AMHR2 by granulosa cells, the mechanism of action of AMH, the different roles it plays in the reproductive organs, its clinical utility, and its involvement in the principal pathological conditions affecting women. The findings in respect of regulation tell us that AMH and AMHR2 expression is mainly regulated by bone morphogenetic proteins, gonadotropins, and estrogens. It has now been established that AMH regulates the different steps of folliculogenesis and that it has neuroendocrine effects. On the other hand, the importance of serum AMH as a reliable marker of ovarian reserve and as a useful tool in the prediction of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and primary ovarian failure has also been acknowledged. Last but not least, a large body of evidence points to the involvement of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie di Clemente
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Chrystèle Racine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris-Diderot Université, Paris, France
| | - Alice Pierre
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INSERM, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope U1133, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Taieb
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INSERM, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope U1133, Paris, France
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Gündoğdu B, Tapisiz ÖL, Dilbaz B, Mülazimoğlu SB, Müftüoğlu KH, Dündar B, Göktolga Ü. What is the impact of PPAR-γ agonist-rosiglitazone on ovarian reserve after hysterectomy? An experimental study. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:1399-1408. [PMID: 32394682 PMCID: PMC7491268 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2002-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim To evaluate the effects of hysterectomy on rat ovaries and the possible protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist-rosiglitazone against ovarian reserve decrement. Materials and methods Forty-five adult Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. Hysterectomy was performed (n = 15) in group 1 [H]; 1 mg/kg/day PPAR-γ agonist/rosiglitazone was used for 50 days after hysterectomy (n = 15) in group 2 [H + R]; a sham operation was performed (n = 15) in group 3 [control, C]. Blood samples were collected for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) evaluation in all groups and simultaneous ovarian Doppler examination was performed in [H] and [H + R] groups before and after (50 days) hysterectomy. All animals were sacrificed to obtain ovaries for histological examination. Results AMH levels were found to be significantly decreased at postoperative day 50 in all groups (P < 0.05). Histopathologic analysis showed that primary, preantral, and antral follicle counts were significantly higher in the [H] group as compared to the [C] and [H + R] groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the [C] and [H + R] groups in terms of follicle numbers (P > 0.05). In the ovarian Doppler blood flow analysis, all parameters were significantly decreased in group [H] (P < 0.05), but not in the [H + R] group (P > 0.05) on postoperative day 50. Conclusion Hysterectomy affects the histopathological structure of rat ovaries and PPAR-γ agonist-rosiglitazone improves the ovarian Doppler blood flow parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Gündoğdu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ömer Lütfi Tapisiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berna Dilbaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Bariş Mülazimoğlu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kamil Hakan Müftüoğlu
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Dündar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümit Göktolga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Ozatik FY, Ozatik O, Yigitaslan S, Kaygısız B, Erol K. Do Resveratrol and Dehydroepiandrosterone Increase Diminished Ovarian Reserve? Eurasian J Med 2020; 52:6-11. [PMID: 32158305 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2019.19044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, the aim is to observe changes induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and resveratrol (RES) in diminished ovarian follicles that was induced by 4-vinylcyclohexenediepoxide (VCD). Materials and Methods Twenty four Wistar albino female rats were divided into 3 groups: control, DHEA and RES. Unilateral oophorectomy was performed in control group to remove the right ovary of 4 rats and the left ovary of 4 rats. After administration of 160 mg/kg VCD, remaining ovaries were removed. Following the same VCD treatment, in DHEA and RES groups, 60 mg/kg DHEA and 20 mg/kg RES were given for 45 days respectively and residual ovaries were removed. Hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining were performed. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured. Results In control group, VCD-induced apoptosis in follicles increased the TUNEL-positive cell counts (p<0.001) with decreased number of follicles. On the other hand, DHEA significantly increased all three follicle types in the ovaries and decreased apoptosis (p<0.001). The decreased follicle number in all three follicle types after VCD treatment were found to be significantly increased after RES treatment (p<0.001). Apoptosis in the follicles was significantly decreased by RES administration (p<0.001). FSH values were found to be increased with VCD and to reach control values with DHEA and RES. E2 values significantly decreased with VCD, but significantly increased with RES and DHEA. Conclusion Both DHEA and RES may improve VCD-induced diminished ovarian reserve. DHEA and RES increased the number of primary, primordial and growing follicles, with no significant difference between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikriye Yasemin Ozatik
- Department of Pharmacology, Kutahya Health Sciences University School of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Orhan Ozatik
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Kutahya Health Sciences University School of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Semra Yigitaslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Bilgin Kaygısız
- Department of Pharmacology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Kevser Erol
- Department of Pharmacology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Uliani RC, Conley AJ, Corbin CJ, Friso AM, Maciel LFS, Alvarenga MA. Anti-Müllerian hormone and ovarian aging in mares. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:147-156. [PMID: 30400031 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is used as a marker of follicle population numbers and potential fertility in several species including horses but limited data exist across the lifespan. No one has decreased ovarian reserve experimentally to investigate whether a corresponding, quantitative decrease in AMH results. Concentrations of AMH across the lifespan were compiled from 1101 equine females sampled from birth to >33 years of age. Young and old mares (averaging 6 and 19 years) were hemi-ovariectomized and circulating AMH was assessed before and daily thereafter for 15 days. The remaining ovary was removed later and blood was drawn again before and after this second surgery for AMH determination. Polynomial regression analysis and analysis of mares grouped by 5-year intervals of age demonstrated AMH concentrations to be higher in mares aged 5-10 and 10-15 years than 0-5 years of age and lower in mares after 20 years of age. There was high variability in AMH concentrations among neonatal fillies, some of which had concentrations typical of males. Hemi-ovariectomy was followed by a decrease of AMH, almost exactly halving concentrations in intact mares. Concentrations of AMH had returned to intact levels in old mares before complete ovariectomy, as if exhibiting ovarian compensatory hypertrophy, but recovery of AMH was not evident in young mares. AMH may reflect ovarian senescence in mares after 20 years of age but is too variable to do so in the first two decades of life. The ovarian endocrine response to hemi-ovariectomy in mares appears to change with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata C Uliani
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan J Conley
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - C Jo Corbin
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Aimê M Friso
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana F S Maciel
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A Alvarenga
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Tran DN, Jung EM, Yoo YM, Ahn C, Kang HY, Choi KC, Hyun SH, Dang VH, Pham TN, Jeung EB. Depletion of follicles accelerated by combined exposure to phthalates and 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, leading to premature ovarian failure in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 80:60-67. [PMID: 29969652 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Humans are at daily risk by simultaneous exposures to a broad spectrum of man-made chemicals in the commercial products. Several classes of chemicals have been shown to alter follicle development and reduce fertility, leading to premature ovarian failure (POF) in mammals. We investigate the synergistic effects of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) and phthalate, including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on POF. Combination exposure with VCD and phthalate significantly reduced the numbers of primary follicles. The expressions of Amh and Sohlh2 were significantly decreased in the combination groups. Serum Amh levels were significantly lower in the combination groups. Additionally, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone were significantly increased in combination groups. Taken together, exposure to phthalates promotes the depletion of follicular follicles and consequently increases the risk of premature menopause, and combined exposure of phthalates and VCD to early menopausal women is likely to aggravate the POF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Nam Tran
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, South Korea
| | - Vu Hoang Dang
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ngoc Pham
- General laboratory and gene conservation office, National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Parabens Accelerate Ovarian Dysfunction in a 4-Vinylcyclohexene Diepoxide-Induced Ovarian Failure Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020161. [PMID: 28208728 PMCID: PMC5334715 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are widely used preservatives in basic necessities such as cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. In previous studies, xenoestrogenic actions of parabens were reported in an immature rat model and a rat pituitary cell line (GH3 cells). The relationship between parabens and ovarian failure has not been described. In the present study, the influence of parabens on ovarian folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis was investigated. A disruptor of ovarian small pre-antral follicles, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD, 40 mg/kg), was used to induce premature ovarian failure (POF). Methylparaben (MP, 100 mg/kg), propylparaben (PP, 100 mg/kg), and butylparaben (BP, 100 mg/kg) dissolved in corn oil were treated in female 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat for 5 weeks. Estrus cycle status was checked daily by vaginal smear test. Ovarian follicle development and steroid synthesis were investigated through real-time PCR and histological analyses. Diestrus phases in the VCD, PP, and BP groups were longer than that in the vehicle group. VCD significantly decreased mRNA level of folliculogenesis-related genes (Foxl2, Kitl and Amh). All parabens significantly increased the Amh mRNA level but unchanged Foxl2 and Kitlg acting in primordial follicles. VCD and MP slightly increased Star and Cyp11a1 levels, which are related to an initial step in steroidogenesis. VCD and parabens induced an increase in FSH levels in serum and significantly decreased the total number of follicles. Increased FSH implies impairment in ovarian function due to VCD or parabens. These results suggest that VCD may suppress both formation and development of follicles. In particular, combined administration of VCD and parabens accelerated inhibition of the follicle-developmental process through elevated AMH level in small antral follicles.
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The comparison of animal models for premature ovarian failure established by several different source of inducers. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:223-232. [PMID: 27612992 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare premature ovarian failure animal models established by several different source of inducers. Female ICR mice, KM mice, and SD rats were treated by cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg, busulfan at 12 mg/kg, cisplatin at 3 or 4 mg/kg, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide at 160 mg/kg, 35% galactose food pellet, and tripterygium glycosides at 50 mg/kg, respectively. Parameters were analyzed by body weight, serum concentration level of related hormones, ovarian and uterine pathological examination. The results indicated the body weight of mice increased very slowly following single dose of cyclophosphamide (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary; repeated doses of cisplatin could induce body weight significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with a rising trend of serum LH concentration, declining tendency of serum E2 concentration and injured ovary and uterus; 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide also hindered the mice growing (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary and uterus; the body weight of mice feed by 35% galactose food pellet increased slowly (p < 0.05) with dramatically higher serum concentration level of galactose, albumin, and total protein (p < 0.001) and injured ovary. Busulfan and tripterygium glycosides did not present obvious evidences. In conclusion, the inducers presented their respective features in such animal models and should be appropriately applied in preventive methods.
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Holm JB, Mazaud-Guittot S, Danneskiold-Samsøe NB, Chalmey C, Jensen B, Nørregård MM, Hansen CH, Styrishave B, Svingen T, Vinggaard AM, Koch HM, Bowles J, Koopman P, Jégou B, Kristiansen K, Kristensen DM. Intrauterine Exposure to Paracetamol and Aniline Impairs Female Reproductive Development by Reducing Follicle Reserves and Fertility. Toxicol Sci 2016; 150:178-89. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ozgocer T, Yildiz S, Elbe H, Vardi N. Endotoxin exposure and puberty in female rats: the role of nitric oxide and caspase-1 inhibition in neonates. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:603-14. [PMID: 26061900 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial toxins are widespread in the environment as well as in the digestive system of humans and animals. Toxin from Gram-negative bacteria (endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide; LPS) has a life-long programming effect on reproduction in rats, but the mediators have not been well-documented, so we investigated the effects of LPS on the timing of puberty in female rats. Because the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) increase following injection of LPS, we injected neonates (post-natal day (pnd) 7) with LPS, with or without NO or IL-1β inhibitors. Half of the prepubescent (pnd 30) animals received an additional LPS injection. Vaginal opening, number of ovarian follicles, and serum anti-LPS antibodies were determined. A single LPS injection was sufficient to reduce the primordial follicle pool, but puberty was delayed when rats received 2 LPS injections (at pnd 7 and 30). NO or IL-1β inhibitors improved both of these parameters, suggesting that the early detrimental effects of LPS on puberty and primordial follicle pool are mediated by NO and IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Ozgocer
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Inonu, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Yildiz
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Inonu, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hulya Elbe
- c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Nigar Vardi
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Inonu, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
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Abolaji AO, Kamdem JP, Lugokenski TH, Farombi EO, Souza DO, da Silva Loreto ÉL, Rocha JBT. Ovotoxicants 4-vinylcyclohexene 1,2-monoepoxide and 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide disrupt redox status and modify different electrophile sensitive target enzymes and genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Redox Biol 2015; 5:328-339. [PMID: 26117601 PMCID: PMC4491645 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The compounds 4-vinylcyclohexene 1,2-monoepoxide (VCM) and 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) are the two downstream metabolites of 4-vinylcyclohexene (VCH), an ovotoxic agent in mammals. In addition, VCM and VCD may be found as by-products of VCH oxidation in the environment. Recently, we reported the involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity of VCH in Drosophila melanogaster. However, it was not possible to determine the individual contributions of VCM and VCD in VCH toxicity. Hence, we investigated the toxicity of VCM and VCD (10–1000 µM) in flies after 5 days of exposure via the diet. Our results indicated impairments in climbing behaviour and disruptions in antioxidant balance and redox status evidenced by an increase in DCFH oxidation, decreases in total thiol content and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the flies exposed to VCM and VCD (p<0.05). These effects were accompanied by disruptions in the transcription of the genes encoding the proteins superoxide dismutase (SOD1), kelch-like erythroid-derived cap-n-collar (CNC) homology (ECH)-associated protein 1 (Keap-1), mitogen activated protein kinase 2 (MAPK-2), catalase, Cyp18a1, JAFRAC 1 (thioredoxin peroxidase 1) and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR-1) (p<0.05). VCM and VCD inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA D) activities in the flies (p<0.05). Indeed, here, we demonstrated that different target enzymes and genes were modified by the electrophiles VCM and VCD in the flies. Thus, D. melanogaster has provided further lessons on the toxicity of VCM and VCD which suggest that the reported toxicity of VCH may be mediated by its transformation to VCM and VCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos O Abolaji
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean P Kamdem
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | | | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Élgion L da Silva Loreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular-LabDros, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - João B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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Devine PJ, Perreault SD, Luderer U. Roles of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in ovarian toxicity. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:27. [PMID: 22034525 PMCID: PMC3290661 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.095224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper functioning of the ovary is critical to maintain fertility and overall health, and ovarian function depends on the maintenance and normal development of ovarian follicles. This review presents evidence about the potential impact of oxidative stress on the well-being of primordial, growing and preovulatory follicles, as well as oocytes and early embryos, examining cell types and molecular targets. Limited data from genetically modified mouse models suggest that several antioxidant enzymes that protect cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play important roles in follicular development and/or survival. Exposures to agents known to cause oxidative stress, such as gamma irradiation, chemotherapeutic drugs, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, induce rapid primordial follicle loss; however, the mechanistic role of ROS has received limited attention. In contrast, ROS may play an important role in the initiation of apoptosis in antral follicles. Depletion of glutathione leads to atresia of antral follicles in vivo and apoptosis of granulosa cells in cultured antral follicles. Chemicals, such as cyclophosphamide, dimethylbenzanthracene, and methoxychlor, increase proapoptotic signals, preceded by increased ROS and signs of oxidative stress, and cotreatment with antioxidants is protective. In oocytes, glutathione levels change rapidly during progression of meiosis and early embryonic development, and high oocyte glutathione at the time of fertilization is required for male pronucleus formation and for embryonic development to the blastocyst stage. Because current evidence suggests that oxidative stress can have significant negative impacts on female fertility and gamete health, dietary or pharmacological intervention may prove to be effective strategies to protect female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Devine
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sally D. Perreault
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ulrike Luderer
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
- Program in Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
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Nilsson EE, Schindler R, Savenkova MI, Skinner MK. Inhibitory actions of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) on ovarian primordial follicle assembly. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20087. [PMID: 21637711 PMCID: PMC3103528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the actions of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) on primordial follicle assembly. Ovarian primordial follicles develop from the breakdown of oocyte nests during fetal development for the human and immediately after birth in rodents. AMH was found to inhibit primordial follicle assembly and decrease the initial primordial follicle pool size in a rat ovarian organ culture. The AMH expression was found to be primarily in the stromal tissue of the ovaries at this period of development, suggesting a stromal-epithelial cell interaction for primordial follicle assembly. AMH was found to promote alterations in the ovarian transcriptome during primordial follicle assembly with over 200 genes with altered expression. A gene network was identified suggesting a potential central role for the Fgf2/Nudt6 antisense transcript in the follicle assembly process. A number of signal transduction pathways are regulated by AMH actions on the ovarian transcriptome, in particular the transforming growth factor – beta (TGFß) signaling process. AMH is the first hormone/protein shown to have an inhibitory action on primordial follicle assembly. Due to the critical role of the primordial follicle pool size for female reproduction, elucidation of factors, such as AMH, that regulate the assembly process will provide insights into potential therapeutics to manipulate the pool size and female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E. Nilsson
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ryan Schindler
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Marina I. Savenkova
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Skinner
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Van Kempen TA, Milner TA, Waters EM. Accelerated ovarian failure: a novel, chemically induced animal model of menopause. Brain Res 2011; 1379:176-87. [PMID: 21211517 PMCID: PMC3078694 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Current rodent models of menopause fail to adequately recapitulate the menopause transition. The intact aging model fails to achieve very low estrogen levels, and the ovariectomy model lacks a perimenopause phase. A new rodent model of accelerated ovarian failure (AOF) successfully replicates human perimenopause and postmenopause, including estrous acyclicity and fluctuating, followed by undetectable, estrogen levels, and allows for the dissociation of the effects of hormone levels from the effects of aging. In this model, an ovotoxic chemical, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), selective for primary and primordial follicles, is injected intraperitonelly in animals for 15 days. As the mature follicle population is depleted through natural cycling, ovarian failure follows increasing periods of acyclity. Administered at low doses, VCD specifically causes apoptotic cell death of primordial follicles but does not affect other peripheral tissues, including the liver and spleen, nor does it affect brain inflammation markers. In addition to reducing confounds associated with genetic and surgical manipulations, the AOF model maintains the presence of ovarian tissue which importantly parallels to the menopause transition in humans. The VCD injection procedure can be applied to studies using transgenic or knockout mice strains, or in other disease-state models (e.g., ischemia, atherosclerosis, or diabetes). This AOF model of menopause will generate new insights into women's health particularly in determining the critical periods (i.e., a window of opportunity) during perimenopause for restoring ovarian hormones for the most efficacious effect on memory and mood disorders as well as other menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A Van Kempen
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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