1
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Li L, Geng X, Dou D, Yu L, Jing H, Fan Y. Graphdiyne oxide elicits a minor foreign-body response and generates quantum dots due to fast degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130512. [PMID: 36463743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY) is a novel two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotrope that has attracted much attention in materials, physics, chemistry, and microelectronics for its excellent properties. Much effort has been devoted to exploring the biomedical applications of GDY in 2D carbon nanomaterials, especially for smart drugs and gene delivery. However, few studies have focused on the biocompatibility and potential environmental hazards of GDY and its derivatives. In this study, graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) and graphene oxide (GO) were obtained using different oxidation methods. Their cytotoxicity and hemolysis in vitro and biocompatibility in subcutaneous and peritoneal locations in vivo were compared. GDYO had very low biotoxicity in vitro and was moderately biocompatible in the muscle and abdominal cavity in vivo. Highly oxidized products and graphdiyne quantum dots (GDQDs) were observed in peritoneal cells. GDYO had better biocompatibility and its sheet size was easily diminished through oxidative degradation. Therefore, GDYO is a good candidate for use in 2D carbon nanomaterials in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuezheng Geng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dandan Dou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haoyu Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Svadlakova T, Holmannova D, Kolackova M, Malkova A, Krejsek J, Fiala Z. Immunotoxicity of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Starring Phagocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168889. [PMID: 36012161 PMCID: PMC9408998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of science, technology and medicine, carbon-based nanomaterials and nanoparticles (CNMs) are becoming attractive nanomaterials that are increasingly used. However, it is important to acknowledge the risk of nanotoxicity that comes with the widespread use of CNMs. CNMs can enter the body via inhalation, ingestion, intravenously or by any other route, spread through the bloodstream and penetrate tissues where (in both compartments) they interact with components of the immune system. Like invading pathogens, CNMs can be recognized by large numbers of receptors that are present on the surface of innate immune cells, notably monocytes and macrophages. Depending on the physicochemical properties of CNMs, i.e., shape, size, or adsorbed contamination, phagocytes try to engulf and process CNMs, which might induce pro/anti-inflammatory response or lead to modulation and disruption of basic immune activity. This review focuses on existing data on the immunotoxic potential of CNMs, particularly in professional phagocytes, as they play a central role in processing and eliminating foreign particles. The results of immunotoxic studies are also described in the context of the entry routes, impacts of contamination and means of possible elimination. Mechanisms of proinflammatory effect depending on endocytosis and intracellular distribution of CNMs are highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Svadlakova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Drahomira Holmannova
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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3
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Yakimov BP, Vlasova II, Efremov YM, Maksimov EG, Shirshin EA, Kagan VE, Timashev PS. Detection of HOCl-driven degradation of the pericardium scaffolds by label-free multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10329. [PMID: 35725581 PMCID: PMC9209456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial biomaterials can significantly increase the rate of tissue regeneration. However, implantation of scaffolds leads not only to accelerated tissue healing but also to an immune response of the organism, which results in the degradation of the biomaterial. The synergy of the immune response and scaffold degradation processes largely determines the efficiency of tissue regeneration. Still, methods suitable for fast, accurate and non-invasive characterization of the degradation degree of biomaterial are highly demandable. Here we show the possibility of monitoring the degradation of decellularized bovine pericardium scaffolds under conditions mimicking the immune response and oxidation processes using multiphoton tomography combined with fluorescence lifetime imaging (MPT-FLIM). We found that the fluorescence lifetimes of genipin-induced cross-links in collagen and oxidation products of collagen are prominent markers of oxidative degradation of scaffolds. This was verified in model experiments, where the oxidation was induced with hypochlorous acid or by exposure to activated neutrophils. The fluorescence decay parameters also correlated with the changes of micromechanical properties of the scaffolds as assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results suggest that FLIM can be used for quantitative assessments of the properties and degradation of the scaffolds essential for the wound healing processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Yakimov
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048.,Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - I I Vlasova
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048.,Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048
| | - Y M Efremov
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048.,Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048
| | - E G Maksimov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - E A Shirshin
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048. .,Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - V E Kagan
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048.,Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - P S Timashev
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048. .,Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Moscow, Russia, 119048. .,Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
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4
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de Carvalho Lima EN, Octaviano ALM, Piqueira JRC, Diaz RS, Justo JF. Coronavirus and Carbon Nanotubes: Seeking Immunological Relationships to Discover Immunotherapeutic Possibilities. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:751-781. [PMID: 35241912 PMCID: PMC8887185 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s341890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, the world has faced an unprecedented pandemic crisis due to a new coronavirus disease, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which has instigated intensive studies on prevention and treatment possibilities. Here, we investigate the relationships between the immune activation induced by three coronaviruses associated with recent outbreaks, with special attention to SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, and the immune activation induced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to understand the points of convergence in immune induction and modulation. Evidence suggests that CNTs are among the most promising materials for use as immunotherapeutic agents. Therefore, this investigation explores new possibilities of effective immunotherapies for COVID-19. This study aimed to raise interest and knowledge about the use of CNTs as immunotherapeutic agents in coronavirus treatment. Thus, we summarize the most important immunological aspects of various coronavirus infections and describe key advances and challenges in using CNTs as immunotherapeutic agents against viral infections and the activation of the immune response induced by CNTs, which can shed light on the immunotherapeutic possibilities of CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elidamar Nunes de Carvalho Lima
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Moraes Octaviano
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castilho Piqueira
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Justo
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-010, Brazil
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5
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de Carvalho Lima EN, Diaz RS, Justo JF, Castilho Piqueira JR. Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Carbon Nanotubes in Vaccine Development. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5411-5435. [PMID: 34408416 PMCID: PMC8367085 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanobiotechnology have allowed the utilization of nanotechnology through nanovaccines. Nanovaccines are powerful tools for enhancing the immunogenicity of a specific antigen and exhibit advantages over other adjuvant approaches, with features such as expanded stability, prolonged release, decreased immunotoxicity, and immunogenic selectivity. We introduce recent advances in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to induce either a carrier effect as a nanoplatform or an immunostimulatory effect. Several studies of CNT-based nanovaccines revealed that due to the ability of CNTs to carry immunogenic molecules, they can act as nonclassical vaccines, a quality not possessed by vaccines with traditional formulations. Therefore, adapting and modifying the physicochemical properties of CNTs for use in vaccines may additionally enhance their efficacy in inducing a T cell-based immune response. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to renew and awaken interest in and knowledge of the safe use of CNTs as adjuvants and carriers in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elidamar Nunes de Carvalho Lima
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Justo
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castilho Piqueira
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Ma B, Martín C, Kurapati R, Bianco A. Degradation-by-design: how chemical functionalization enhances the biodegradability and safety of 2D materials. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6224-6247. [PMID: 32724940 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00822e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A large number of graphene and other 2D materials are currently used for the development of new technologies, increasingly entering different industrial sectors. Interrogating the impact of such 2D materials on health and environment is crucial for both modulating their potential toxicity in living organisms and eliminating them from the environment. In this context, understanding if 2D materials are bio-persistent is mandatory. In this review we describe the importance of biodegradability and decomposition of 2D materials. We initially cover the biodegradation of graphene family materials, followed by other emerging classes of 2D materials including transition metal dichalcogenides and oxides, Xenes, Mxenes and other non-metallic 2D materials. We explain the role of defects and functional groups, introduced onto the surface of the materials during their preparation, and the consequences of chemical functionalization on biodegradability. In strong relation to the chemistry on 2D materials, we describe the concept of "degradation-by-design" that we contributed to develop, and which concerns the covalent modification with appropriate molecules to enhance the biodegradability of 2D materials. Finally, we cover the importance of designing new biodegradable 2D conjugates and devices for biomedical applications as drug delivery carriers, in bioelectronics, and tissue engineering. We would like to highlight that the biodegradation of 2D materials mainly depends on the type of material, the chemical functionalization, the aqueous dispersibility and the redox potentials of the different oxidative environments. Biodegradation is one of the necessary conditions for the safe application of 2D materials. Therefore, we hope that this review will help to better understand their biodegradation processes, and will stimulate the chemists to explore new chemical strategies to design safer products, composites and devices containing 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Ma
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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7
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Dong PX, Song X, Wu J, Cui S, Wang G, Zhang L, Sun H. The Fate of SWCNTs in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages: Exocytosis, Biodegradation, and Sustainable Retention. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:211. [PMID: 32266238 PMCID: PMC7100583 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of toxicological and pharmacological profiles of nanomaterials is an important step for the development and clinical application of nanomedicines. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively explored as a nanomedicine agent in pharmaceutical/biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, bioimaging, and tissue engineering. The biological durability of CNTs could affect the function of CNTs-based nanomedicines as well as their toxicity in cells and tissues. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the fate of nanomedicine in phagocytes. Herein, we investigated the candidate fate of acid-oxidized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNCTs) in non-activated primary mouse peritoneal macrophages (PMQ). The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results showed that the intracellular SWCNTs continued growing from 4 to 36 h in PMQ. After replacing the exposure medium, we found the exosome induced by SWCNTs on the surface of macrophages according to scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. The near-infrared (NIR) absorption increase of the supernatant samples after post-exposure indicates that SWCNTs exocytosis occurred in PMQ. The decreasing intracellular SWCNTs amount suggested the incomplete biodegradation in PMQ, which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The combined data reveal that SWCNTs could be retained for more than 60 h in macrophages. Then sustainable retention of SWCNTs in primary macrophages was coexist with exocytosis and biodegradation. The findings of this work will shed light on the bioimaging, diagnosis and other biomedical applications of CNTs-based nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Xuan Dong
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Song
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Jiwei Wu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Shuqin Cui
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Guizhi Wang
- College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Lianying Zhang
- College of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Hanwen Sun
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
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8
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Zhang M, Deng Y, Yang M, Nakajima H, Yudasaka M, Iijima S, Okazaki T. A Simple Method for Removal of Carbon Nanotubes from Wastewater Using Hypochlorite. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1284. [PMID: 30718788 PMCID: PMC6362128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been applied in a wide range of fields, such as materials, electronics, energy storages, and biomedicine. With the rapid increase in CNTs industrialization, more and more CNT-containing wastewater is being produced. Since concerns about the toxic effects of CNTs on human health persist, CNT-containing wastewater should not be released into the environment without purification, but no effective methods have been reported. In the present study, we report a simple method to eliminate CNTs from industrial or laboratorial wastewater using sodium hypochlorite. Direct treatment of aqueous dispersions with sodium hypochlorite solution completely degraded CNTs into carbon oxides or carbonates ions. Since hypochlorite is environmentally friendly and frequently used as a disinfectant or bleaching agent in domestic cleaning, this method is practical for purification of CNT-contaminated industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfang Zhang
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yinmei Deng
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Mei Yang
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.,Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Sumio Iijima
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiya Okazaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
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9
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Vlasova II. Peroxidase Activity of Human Hemoproteins: Keeping the Fire under Control. Molecules 2018; 23:E2561. [PMID: 30297621 PMCID: PMC6222727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme in the active center of peroxidases reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form highly reactive intermediates, which then oxidize simple substances called peroxidase substrates. Human peroxidases can be divided into two groups: (1) True peroxidases are enzymes whose main function is to generate free radicals in the peroxidase cycle and (pseudo)hypohalous acids in the halogenation cycle. The major true peroxidases are myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase and lactoperoxidase. (2) Pseudo-peroxidases perform various important functions in the body, but under the influence of external conditions they can display peroxidase-like activity. As oxidative intermediates, these peroxidases produce not only active heme compounds, but also protein-based tyrosyl radicals. Hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochrome c/cardiolipin complexes and cytoglobin are considered as pseudo-peroxidases. Рeroxidases play an important role in innate immunity and in a number of physiologically important processes like apoptosis and cell signaling. Unfavorable excessive peroxidase activity is implicated in oxidative damage of cells and tissues, thereby initiating the variety of human diseases. Hence, regulation of peroxidase activity is of considerable importance. Since peroxidases differ in structure, properties and location, the mechanisms controlling peroxidase activity and the biological effects of peroxidase products are specific for each hemoprotein. This review summarizes the knowledge about the properties, activities, regulations and biological effects of true and pseudo-peroxidases in order to better understand the mechanisms underlying beneficial and adverse effects of this class of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Vlasova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Sechenov University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
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10
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Lu N, Sui Y, Tian R, Peng YY. Adsorption of Plasma Proteins on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reduced Cytotoxicity and Modulated Neutrophil Activation. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:1061-1068. [PMID: 30207453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteins in the bloodstream bind to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through noncovalent interactions to form a protein corona, thereby effectively influencing the biological properties and blood biocompatibility of the CNTs. Here, we investigated the binding of common plasma proteins (i.e., human immunoglobulin G (IgG), human serum albumin (HSA), and fibrinogen (FG)) to carboxylated single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs), and evaluated the effects of these different protein coronas on cytotoxicity to endothelial cells and immune response to neutrophils in the bloodstream. Measurements of adsorption parameters revealed tight binding of proteins to SWCNTs, and the SWCNTs adsorption capacities followed the order FG > HSA > IgG. In addition, the basic residues (Arg, Lys, His) were found to play an important role in the formation of protein-SWCNTs corona complexes and determine their adsorption capacity. Consistent with the higher protein adsorption capacity, FG more significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of CNTs to human umbilical vein endothelial cells than the other two proteins. However, only treatment of SWCNTs with IgG resulted in the enhancement of CNT-induced myeloperoxidase (MPO) release (i.e., neutrophil activation) in neutrophils, while MPO-dependent degradation of CNTs induced less cytotoxicity than initial nanomaterials. Consistent with these effects of protein coronas, the presence of serum attenuated the cytotoxicity of CNTs and CNTs could induce neutrophil activation in human blood plasma. Our study demonstrates the ability of adsorbed plasma proteins to influence cytotoxicity and neutrophil response caused by CNTs in the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , 330022 , China
| | - Yinhua Sui
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , 330022 , China
| | - Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , 330022 , China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , 330022 , China
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11
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Masyutin AG, Bagrov DV, Vlasova II, Nikishin II, Klinov DV, Sychevskaya KA, Onishchenko GE, Erokhina MV. Wall Thickness of Industrial Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Is Not a Crucial Factor for Their Degradation by Sodium Hypochlorite. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8090715. [PMID: 30213043 PMCID: PMC6164318 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The propensity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for biodegradation is important for their safe use in medical and technological applications. Here, we compared the oxidative degradation of two samples of industrial-grade MWCNTs—we called them MWCNT-d and MWCNT-t—upon their treatment with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The MWCNTs had a similar inner diameter but they differed about 2-fold in the outer diameter. Electron microscopy combined with morphometric analysis revealed the different degradation of the two types of MWCNTs after their incubation with NaOCl—the thicker MWCNT-d were damaged more significantly than the thinner MWCNT-t. The both types of MWCNTs degraded at the inner side, but only MWCNT-d lost a significant number of the outer graphitic layers. Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that both MWCNTs had a similar high defectiveness. Using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, we have shown that the more degradable MWCNT-d contained the same level of oxygen as MWCNT-t, but more metal impurities. The obtained results suggest that the biodegradability of MWCNTs depends not only on the wall thickness but also on the defects and impurities. Thus, the biodegradability can be regulated by the synthesis conditions or the post-synthesis modifications. Such degradation flexibility may be important for both medical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Masyutin
- Faculty of Biology, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Dmitry V Bagrov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.
| | - Irina I Vlasova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.
| | - Igor I Nikishin
- Faculty of Biology, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Dmitry V Klinov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.
| | - Ksenia A Sychevskaya
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, 31-5 Lomonosovsky Prospekt, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 117192, Russia.
| | - Galina E Onishchenko
- Faculty of Biology, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maria V Erokhina
- Faculty of Biology, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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12
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González-Lavado E, Iturrioz-Rodríguez N, Padín-González E, González J, García-Hevia L, Heuts J, Pesquera C, González F, Villegas JC, Valiente R, Fanarraga ML. Biodegradable multi-walled carbon nanotubes trigger anti-tumoral effects. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11013-11020. [PMID: 29868677 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are of huge biotechnological interest because they can penetrate most biological barriers and, inside cells, can biomimetically interact with the cytoskeletal filaments, triggering anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects in highly dividing cells. Unfortunately, their intrinsic properties and bio-persistence represent a putative hazard that relapses their application as therapies against cancer. Here we investigate mild oxidation treatments to improve the intracellular enzymatic digestion of MWCNTs, but preserving their morphology, responsible for their intrinsic cytotoxic properties. Cell imaging techniques and confocal Raman spectroscopic signature analysis revealed that cultured macrophages can degrade bundles of oxidized MWCNTs (o-MWCNTs) in a few days. The isolation of nanotubes from these phagocytes 96 hours after exposure confirmed a significant reduction of approximately 30% in the total length of these filaments compared to the control o-MWCNTs extracted from the cell culture medium, or the intracellular pristine MWCNTs. More interestingly, in vivo single intratumoral injections of o-MWCNTs triggered ca. 30% solid melanoma tumour growth-inhibitory effects while displaying significant signs of biodegradation at the tumoral/peri-tumoral tissues a week after the therapy has had the effect. These results support the potential use of o-MWCNTs as antitumoral agents and reveal interesting clues of how to enhance the efficient clearance of in vivo carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E González-Lavado
- Grupo de Nanomedicina Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
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13
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Vlasova II, Mikhalchik EV, Gusev AA, Balabushevich NG, Gusev SA, Kazarinov KD. Extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances neutrophil response to particulate agonists. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 39:144-155. [PMID: 29194676 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The growing use of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) in information and communication technology and in biomedical applications has raised concerns regarding the potential biological impact of millimeter waves (MMWs). Here, we elucidated the effects of MMW radiation on neutrophil activation induced by opsonized zymosan or E. coli in whole blood ex vivo. After agonist addition to blood, two samples were prepared. A control sample was incubated at ambient conditions without any treatment, and a test sample was exposed to EHF EMR (32.9-39.6 GHz, 100 W/m2 ). We used methods that allowed us to assess the functional status of neutrophils immediately after exposure: oxidant production levels were measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, and morphofunctional changes to neutrophils were observed in blood smears. Results revealed that the response of neutrophils to both agonists was intensified if blood was exposed to MMW radiation for 15 min. Neutrophils were intact in both the control and irradiated samples if no agonist was added to blood before incubation. Similarly, exposing suspensions of isolated neutrophils in plasma to MMW radiation enhanced cell response to both zymosan and E. coli. Heating blood samples was shown to be the primary mechanism underlying enhanced EHF EMR-induced oxidant production by neutrophils in response to particulate agonists. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:144-155, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Vlasova
- Research and Clinical Center for Physico-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (Fryasino branch), Fryasino, Russia
| | - Elena V Mikhalchik
- Research and Clinical Center for Physico-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr A Gusev
- Research and Clinical Center for Physico-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergey A Gusev
- Research and Clinical Center for Physico-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin D Kazarinov
- Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (Fryasino branch), Fryasino, Russia
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14
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Chiu CF, Dar HH, Kapralov AA, Robinson RAS, Kagan VE, Star A. Nanoemitters and innate immunity: the role of surfactants and bio-coronas in myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation of pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5948-5956. [PMID: 28440832 PMCID: PMC6584033 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are experimentally utilized in in vivo imaging and photothermal cancer therapy owing to their unique physicochemical and electronic properties. For these applications, pristine carbon nanotubes are often modified by polymer surfactant coatings to improve their biocompatibility, adding more complexity to their recognition and biodegradation by immuno-competent cells. Here, we investigate the oxidative degradation of SWCNTs catalyzed by neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) using bandgap near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy. Our results show diameter-dependence at the initial stages of the oxidative degradation of sodium cholate-, DNA-, and albumin-coated SWCNTs, but not phosphatidylserine-coated SWCNTs. Moreover, sodium deoxycholate- and phospholipid-polyethylene glycol coated SWCNTs were not oxidized under the same reaction conditions, indicating that a surfactant can greatly impact the biodegradability of a nanomaterial. Our data also revealed that possible binding between MPO and surfactant coated-SWCNTs was unfavorable, suggesting that oxidation is likely caused by a hypochlorite generated through halogenation cycles of free MPO, and not MPO bound to the surface of SWCNTs. The identification of SWCNT diameters and coatings that retain NIR fluorescence during the interactions with the components of an innate immune system is important for their applications in in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Fai Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
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15
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Ding Y, Tian R, Yang Z, Chen J, Lu N. Effects of serum albumin on the degradation and cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Biophys Chem 2017; 222:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Ding Y, Tian R, Yang Z, Chen J, Lu N. NADPH oxidase-dependent degradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes in macrophages. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:7. [PMID: 27885574 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5817-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) could be oxidatively biodegraded by neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). However, the biodegradation mechanism of nanotubes in macrophages has not been explored enough. Here, we showed that both MPO and ONOO- could effectively oxidize SWCNTs to generate shorter and oxidative nanotubes in vitro. SWCNTs were significantly degraded in zymosan-stimulated macrophages, and the degradation mechanism was dependent on MPO and ONOO--driven oxidative pathways of activated macrophages, where NADPH oxidase was found to be a major determinant of the biodegradation process. Moreover, the functionalization of IgG to SWCNTs could stimulate MPO release and ONOO- formation in macrophages, thereby creating the conditions favorable for degradation of nanotubes and subsequently contributing to the higher degradation degree of IgG-coated SWCNTs. Therefore, our discovery of NADPH oxidase-dependent SWCNTs degradation in activated macrophages will open new opportunities for the regulation of SWCNTs fate in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianfa Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
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17
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Binding of human IgG to single-walled carbon nanotubes accelerated myeloperoxidase-mediated degradation in activated neutrophils. Biophys Chem 2016; 218:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Braun EI, Draper R, Pantano P. Enriched surface acidity for surfactant-free suspensions of carboxylated carbon nanotubes purified by centrifugation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8:26-33. [PMID: 27695672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancr.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that surfactant-suspended carbon nanotube (CNT) samples can be purified by centrifugation to decrease agglomerates and increase individually-dispersed CNTs. However, centrifugation is not always part of protocols to prepare CNT samples used in biomedical applications. Herein, using carboxylated multi-walled CNTs (cMWCNTs) suspended in water without a surfactant, we developed a Boehm titrimetric method for the analysis of centrifuged cMWCNT suspensions and used it to show that the surface acidity of oxidized carbon materials in aqueous cMWCNT suspensions was enriched by ~40% by a single low-speed centrifugation step. This significant difference in surface acidity between un-centrifuged and centrifuged cMWCNT suspensions has not been previously appreciated and is important because the degree of surface acidity is known to affect the interactions of cMWCNTs with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth I Braun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Rockford Draper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Paul Pantano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
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19
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Adsorbed plasma proteins modulate the effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes on neutrophils in blood. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1615-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Dobrovolskaia MA, Shurin M, Shvedova AA. Current understanding of interactions between nanoparticles and the immune system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 299:78-89. [PMID: 26739622 PMCID: PMC4811709 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of drugs, antigens, and imaging agents benefits from using nanotechnology-based carriers. The successful translation of nanoformulations to the clinic involves thorough assessment of their safety profiles, which, among other end-points, includes evaluation of immunotoxicity. The past decade of research focusing on nanoparticle interaction with the immune system has been fruitful in terms of understanding the basics of nanoparticle immunocompatibility, developing a bioanalytical infrastructure to screen for nanoparticle-mediated immune reactions, beginning to uncover the mechanisms of nanoparticle immunotoxicity, and utilizing current knowledge about the structure-activity relationship between nanoparticles' physicochemical properties and their effects on the immune system to guide safe drug delivery. In the present review, we focus on the most prominent pieces of the nanoparticle-immune system puzzle and discuss the achievements, disappointments, and lessons learned over the past 15years of research on the immunotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Michael Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anna A Shvedova
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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21
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Vlasova II, Kapralov AA, Michael ZP, Burkert SC, Shurin MR, Star A, Shvedova AA, Kagan VE. Enzymatic oxidative biodegradation of nanoparticles: Mechanisms, significance and applications. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 299:58-69. [PMID: 26768553 PMCID: PMC4811710 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biopersistence of carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide (GO) and several other types of carbonaceous nanomaterials is an essential determinant of their health effects. Successful biodegradation is one of the major factors defining the life span and biological responses to nanoparticles. Here, we review the role and contribution of different oxidative enzymes of inflammatory cells - myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, lactoperoxidase, hemoglobin, and xanthine oxidase - to the reactions of nanoparticle biodegradation. We further focus on interactions of nanomaterials with hemoproteins dependent on the specific features of their physico-chemical and structural characteristics. Mechanistically, we highlight the significance of immobilized peroxidase reactive intermediates vs diffusible small molecule oxidants (hypochlorous and hypobromous acids) for the overall oxidative biodegradation process in neutrophils and eosinophils. We also accentuate the importance of peroxynitrite-driven pathways realized in macrophages via the engagement of NADPH oxidase- and NO synthase-triggered oxidative mechanisms. We consider possible involvement of oxidative machinery of other professional phagocytes such as microglial cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in the context of biodegradation relevant to targeted drug delivery. We evaluate the importance of genetic factors and their manipulations for the enzymatic biodegradation in vivo. Finally, we emphasize a novel type of biodegradation realized via the activation of the "dormant" peroxidase activity of hemoproteins by the nano-surface. This is exemplified by the binding of GO to cyt c causing the unfolding and 'unmasking' of the peroxidase activity of the latter. We conclude with the strategies leading to safe by design carbonaceous nanoparticles with optimized characteristics for mechanism-based targeted delivery and regulatable life-span of drugs in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Vlasova
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medico-Biological Agency, Moscow 119453, Russia
| | - Alexandr A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - Zachary P Michael
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Seth C Burkert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Anna A Shvedova
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States.
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
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22
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Ren X, Ding Y, Lu N. Nitrite attenuated peroxynitrite and hypochlorite generation in activated neutrophils. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 775:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Bussy C, Hadad C, Prato M, Bianco A, Kostarelos K. Intracellular degradation of chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes using a long-term primary microglial culture model. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:590-601. [PMID: 26647092 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06625e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) have been used in proof-of-concept studies to alleviate debilitating neurological conditions. Previous in vivo observations in brain tissue have suggested that microglia - acting as resident macrophages of the brain - play a critical role in the internalization of f-CNTs and their partial in situ biodegradation following a stereotactic administration in the cortex. At the same time, several reports have indicated that immune cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils and even macrophages could participate in the processing of carbon nanomaterials via oxidation processes leading to degradation, with surface properties acting as modulators of CNT biodegradability. In this study we questioned whether degradability of f-CNTs within microglia could be modulated depending on the type of surface functionalization used. We investigated the kinetics of degradation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) functionalized via different chemical strategies that were internalized within isolated primary microglia over three months. A cellular model of rat primary microglia that can be maintained in cell culture for a long period of time was first developed. The Raman structural signature of the internalized f-CNTs was then studied directly in cells over a period of up to three months, following a single exposure to a non-cytotoxic concentration of three different f-CNTs (carboxylated, aminated and both carboxylated and aminated). Structural modifications suggesting partial but continuous degradation were observed for all nanotubes irrespective of their surface functionalization. Carboxylation was shown to promote more pronounced structural changes inside microglia over the first two weeks of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Medicine & National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. and Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Caroline Hadad
- Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy and Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy and Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 3572, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Medicine & National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. and Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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24
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Bazaka K, Jacob MV, Ostrikov KK. Sustainable Life Cycles of Natural-Precursor-Derived Nanocarbons. Chem Rev 2015; 116:163-214. [PMID: 26717047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable societal and economic development relies on novel nanotechnologies that offer maximum efficiency at minimal environmental cost. Yet, it is very challenging to apply green chemistry approaches across the entire life cycle of nanotech products, from design and nanomaterial synthesis to utilization and disposal. Recently, novel, efficient methods based on nonequilibrium reactive plasma chemistries that minimize the process steps and dramatically reduce the use of expensive and hazardous reagents have been applied to low-cost natural and waste sources to produce value-added nanomaterials with a wide range of applications. This review discusses the distinctive effects of nonequilibrium reactive chemistries and how these effects can aid and advance the integration of sustainable chemistry into each stage of nanotech product life. Examples of the use of enabling plasma-based technologies in sustainable production and degradation of nanotech products are discussed-from selection of precursors derived from natural resources and their conversion into functional building units, to methods for green synthesis of useful naturally degradable carbon-based nanomaterials, to device operation and eventual disintegration into naturally degradable yet potentially reusable byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Bazaka
- Institute for Future Environments, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Electronics Materials Lab, College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.,CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Materials and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
| | - Mohan V Jacob
- Electronics Materials Lab, College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- Institute for Future Environments, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Materials and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.,School of Physics, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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25
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Kurapati R, Russier J, Squillaci MA, Treossi E, Ménard-Moyon C, Del Rio-Castillo AE, Vazquez E, Samorì P, Palermo V, Bianco A. Dispersibility-Dependent Biodegradation of Graphene Oxide by Myeloperoxidase. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3985-94. [PMID: 25959808 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding human health risk associated with the rapidly emerging graphene-based nanomaterials represents a great challenge because of the diversity of applications and the wide range of possible ways of exposure to this type of materials. Herein, the biodegradation of graphene oxide (GO) sheets is reported by using myeloperoxidase (hMPO) derived from human neutrophils in the presence of a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The degradation capability of the enzyme on three different GO samples containing different degree of oxidation on their graphenic lattice, leading to a variable dispersibility in aqueous media is compared. hMPO fails in degrading the most aggregated GO, but succeeds to completely metabolize highly dispersed GO samples. The spectroscopy and microscopy analyses provide unambiguous evidence for the key roles played by hydrophilicity, negative surface charge, and colloidal stability of the aqueous GO in their biodegradation by hMPO catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Kurapati
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Russier
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marco A Squillaci
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antonio Esaú Del Rio-Castillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vazquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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26
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Biopersistence of PEGylated Carbon Nanotubes Promotes a Delayed Antioxidant Response after Infusion into the Rat Hippocampus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129156. [PMID: 26075787 PMCID: PMC4468090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are promising nanomaterials for the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders. However, the ability of these nanomaterials to cross cell membranes and interact with neural cells brings the need for the assessment of their potential adverse effects on the nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the biopersistence of single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with polyethylene glycol (SWCNT-PEG) directly infused into the rat hippocampus. Contextual fear conditioning, Y-maze and open field tasks were performed to evaluate the effects of SWCNT-PEG on memory and locomotor activity. The effects of SWCNT-PEG on oxidative stress and morphology of the hippocampus were assessed 1 and 7 days after infusion of the dispersions at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.1 mg/mL. Raman analysis of the hippocampal homogenates indicates the biopersistence of SWCNT-PEG in the hippocampus 7 days post-injection. The infusion of the dispersions had no effect on the acquisition or persistence of the contextual fear memory; likewise, the spatial recognition memory and locomotor activity were not affected by SWCNT-PEG. Histological examination revealed no remarkable morphological alterations after nanomaterial exposure. One day after the infusion, SWCNT-PEG dispersions at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL were able to decrease total antioxidant capacity without modifying the levels of reactive oxygen species or lipid hydroperoxides in the hippocampus. Moreover, SWCNT-PEG dispersions at all concentrations induced antioxidant defenses and reduced reactive oxygen species production in the hippocampus at 7 days post-injection. In this work, we found a time-dependent change in antioxidant defenses after the exposure to SWCNT-PEG. We hypothesized that the persistence of the nanomaterial in the tissue can induce an antioxidant response that might have provided resistance to an initial insult. Such antioxidant delayed response may constitute an adaptive response to the biopersistence of SWCNT-PEG in the hippocampus.
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Seo W, Kapralov AA, Shurin GV, Shurin MR, Kagan VE, Star A. Payload drug vs. nanocarrier biodegradation by myeloperoxidase- and peroxynitrite-mediated oxidations: pharmacokinetic implications. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:8689-94. [PMID: 25902750 PMCID: PMC4582775 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00251f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement of nanocarriers for drug delivery into biomedical practice, assessments of drug susceptibility to oxidative degradation by enzymatic mechanisms of inflammatory cells become important. Here, we investigate oxidative degradation of a carbon nanotube-based drug carrier loaded with Doxorubicin. We employed myeloperoxidase-catalysed and peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative conditions to mimic the respiratory burst of neutrophils and macrophages, respectively. In addition, we revealed that the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of free Doxorubicin, but not nanotube-carried drug, on melanoma and lung carcinoma cell lines were abolished in the presence of tumor-activated myeloid regulatory cells that create unique myeloperoxidase- and peroxynitrite-induced oxidative conditions. Both ex vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that the nanocarrier protects the drug against oxidative biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanji Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Parks AN, Chandler GT, Ho KT, Burgess RM, Ferguson PL. Environmental biodegradability of [¹⁴C] single-walled carbon nanotubes by Trametes versicolor and natural microbial cultures found in New Bedford Harbor sediment and aerated wastewater treatment plant sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:247-251. [PMID: 25352477 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about environmental biodegradability or biotransformations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). Because of their strong association with aquatic organic matter, detailed knowledge of the ultimate fate and persistence of SWNT requires investigation of possible biotransformations (i.e., biodegradation) in environmental media. In the present study, [(14)C]SWNT were utilized to track biodegradation over 6 mo by pure liquid culture of the fungus Trametes versicolor and mixed bacterial isolates from field-collected sediment or aerated wastewater treatment plant sludge. The mixed cultures were chosen as more environmentally relevant media where SWNT will likely be deposited under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Activity of [(14)C] was assessed in solid, aqueous, and (14)CO2 gaseous phases to determine amounts of intact SWNT, partially soluble SWNT degradation products, and mineralized SWNT, respectively, during the 6 mo of the experiment. Mass balances based on radiocarbon activity were approximately 100% over 6 mo, and no significant degradation of SWNT was observed. Approximately 99% of the [(14)C] activity remained in the solid phase, 0.8% in the aqueous phase, and less than 0.1% was mineralized to (14)CO2, regardless of culture type. These results suggest that SWNT are not readily biodegraded by pure fungal cultures or environmental microbial communities, and are likely persistent in environmental media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Parks
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory-Atlantic Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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Sacchetti C, Liu-Bryan R, Magrini A, Rosato N, Bottini N, Bottini M. Polyethylene-glycol-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes for intra-articular delivery to chondrocytes. ACS NANO 2014; 8:12280-91. [PMID: 25415768 PMCID: PMC4373402 DOI: 10.1021/nn504537b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating degenerative disease of articular joints for which no disease-modifying medical therapy is currently available. Inefficient delivery of pharmacologic agents into cartilage-resident chondrocytes after systemic administration has been a limitation to the development of anti-OA medications. Direct intra-articular injection enables delivery of high concentrations of agents in close proximity to chondrocytes; however, the efficacy of this approach is limited by the fast clearance of small molecules and biomacromolecules after injection into the synovial cavity. Coupling of pharmacologic agents with drug delivery systems able to enhance their residence time and cartilage penetration can enhance the effectiveness of intra-articularly injected anti-OA medications. Herein we describe an efficient intra-articular delivery nanosystem based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains (PEG-SWCNTs). We show that PEG-SWCNTs are capable to persist in the joint cavity for a prolonged time, enter the cartilage matrix, and deliver gene inhibitors into chondrocytes of both healthy and OA mice. PEG-SWCNT nanoparticles did not elicit systemic or local side effects. Our data suggest that PEG-SWCNTs represent a biocompatible and effective nanocarrier for intra-articular delivery of agents to chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Sacchetti
- Inflammatory and Infectious Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ru Liu-Bryan
- Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States, an
| | - Andrea Magrini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy
| | - Nicola Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Address correspondence to ,
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Inflammatory and Infectious Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy
- Address correspondence to ,
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Bhattacharya K, Sacchetti C, El-Sayed R, Fornara A, Kotchey GP, Gaugler JA, Star A, Bottini M, Fadeel B. Enzymatic 'stripping' and degradation of PEGylated carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:14686-14690. [PMID: 25377797 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03604b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) coated or functionalized with PEG chains of different molecular weight were assessed for their propensity to undergo biodegradation under in vitro conditions using recombinant myeloperoxidase (MPO) or ex vivo using freshly isolated primary human neutrophils. Our findings suggest that under natural conditions, a combined process of 'stripping' (i.e., defunctionalization) and biodegradation of PEG-SWCNTs might occur and that PEG-SWCNTs are a promising--and degradable--nanomedicine vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Bhattacharya
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
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Oxidative biodegradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes by partially purified lignin peroxidase from Sparassis latifolia mushroom. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lu N, Li J, Tian R, Peng YY. Binding of Human Serum Albumin to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Activated Neutrophils to Increase Production of Hypochlorous Acid, the Oxidant Capable of Degrading Nanotubes. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:1070-7. [DOI: 10.1021/tx5001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule,
Ministry of
Education and College of Life Science, and ‡Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry,
Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule,
Ministry of
Education and College of Life Science, and ‡Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry,
Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule,
Ministry of
Education and College of Life Science, and ‡Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry,
Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule,
Ministry of
Education and College of Life Science, and ‡Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry,
Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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The Significance and Insignificance of Carbon Nanotube-Induced Inflammation. FIBERS 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/fib2010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kotchey GP, Zhao Y, Kagan VE, Star A. Peroxidase-mediated biodegradation of carbon nanotubes in vitro and in vivo. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1921-32. [PMID: 23856412 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As a result of their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been implemented in therapeutic and imaging applications. In an idealized situation, CNTs would be disposed of after they transport their theranostic payloads. Biodegradation represents an attractive pathway for the elimination of CNT carriers post-delivery and may be integral in catalyzing the release of the cargo from the delivery vehicle. Accordingly, recent research efforts have focused on peroxidase-driven biodegradation of CNTs. In this review, we not only summarize recent efforts to biodegrade CNTs in the test tube, in vitro, and in vivo, but also attempt to explore the fundamental parameters underlying degradation. Encouraged by the in vivo results obtained to date, we envision a future, where carbon-based nano-containers, which are specifically designed to target organs/cells, deliver their cargo, and biodegrade via peroxidase-driven mechanism, will represent an attractive therapeutic delivery option in nanomedicine.
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Dumortier H. When carbon nanotubes encounter the immune system: desirable and undesirable effects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:2120-6. [PMID: 24056183 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of our immune system is to bring efficient protection against invasion by foreign elements, not only pathogens but also any material it may be in contact with. Nanoparticles may enter the body and encounter the immune system either intentionally (e.g. administration for biomedical application) or not (e.g. respiratory occupational exposure). Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to get a thorough knowledge of the way they interact with immune cells and all related consequences. Among nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of special interest because of their tremendous field of applications. Consequently, their increasing production, processing and eventual incorporation into new types of composites and/or into biological systems have raised fundamental issues regarding their potential impact on health. This review aims at giving an overview of the known desirable and undesirable effects of CNTs on the immune system, i.e. beneficial modulation of immune cells by CNTs engineered for biomedical applications versus toxicity, inflammation and unwanted immune reactions triggered by CNTs themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumortier
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France.
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Bhattacharya K, Andón FT, El-Sayed R, Fadeel B. Mechanisms of carbon nanotube-induced toxicity: focus on pulmonary inflammation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:2087-97. [PMID: 23751779 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have gained tremendous interest in a wide range of applications due to their unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties. Needless to say, close attention to the potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes is of paramount importance. Numerous studies have linked exposure of carbon nanotubes to the induction of inflammation, a complex protective response to harmful stimuli including pathogens, damaged or dying cells, and other irritants. However, inflammation is a double-edged sword as chronic inflammation can lead to destruction of tissues thus compromising the homeostasis of the organism. Here, we provide an overview of the process of inflammation, the key cells and the soluble mediators involved, and discuss research on carbon nanotubes and inflammation, including recent studies on the activation of the so-called inflammasome complex in macrophages resulting in secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, recent work has shown that inflammatory cells i.e. neutrophils and eosinophils are capable of enzymatic degradation of carbon nanotubes, with mitigation of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects of nanotubes thus underscoring that inflammation is both good and bad.
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Vakhrusheva TV, Gusev AA, Gusev SA, Vlasova II. Albumin reduces thrombogenic potential of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicol Lett 2013; 221:137-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.05.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Treumann S, Ma-Hock L, Gröters S, Landsiedel R, van Ravenzwaay B. Additional histopathologic examination of the lungs from a 3-month inhalation toxicity study with multiwall carbon nanotubes in rats. Toxicol Sci 2013; 134:103-10. [PMID: 23570993 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For hazard assessment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), a 90-day inhalation toxicity study has been performed with Nanocyl NC 7000 in accordance with OECD 413 test guideline. MWCNTs produced no systemic toxicity. However, increased lung weights, multifocal granulomatous inflammation, diffuse histiocytic and neutrophilic infiltrates, and intra-alveolar lipoproteinosis were observed in lung and lung-associated lymph nodes at 0.5 and 2.5mg/m(3). Additional investigations of the lungs were performed, including special stains for examination of connective tissue, and electron microscopy was performed to determine the location of the MWCNTs. The alveolar walls revealed no increase of collagen fibers, whereas within the microgranulomas a slight increase of collagen fibers was observed. The pleura did not reveal any increase in collagen fibers. Only a slight increase in reticulin fibers in the alveolar walls in animals of the 0.5 and 2.5mg/m(3) concentration group was noted. In the 0.1mg/m(3) group, the only animal revealing minimal granulomas exhibited a minimal increase in collagen within the granuloma. No increase in reticulin was observed. Electron microscopy demonstrated entangled MWCNTs within alveolar macrophages. Occasionally electron dense particles/detritus were observed within membrane-bound vesicles (interpreted as phagosomes), which could represent degraded MWCNTs. If so, MWCNTs were degradable by alveolar macrophages and not persistent within the lung. Inhalation of MWCNTs caused granulomatous inflammation within the lung parenchyma but not the pleura in any of the concentration groups. Thus, there are some similarities to effects caused by inhaled asbestos, but the hallmark effects, namely pleural inflammation and/or fibrosis leading to mesotheliomas, are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Treumann
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Role of oxidative stress in infectious diseases. A review. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 58:503-13. [PMID: 23504625 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-013-0239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a dual role in infections. Free radicals protect against invading microorganisms, and they can also cause tissue damage during the resulting inflammation. In the process of infection, there is generation of reactive species by myeloperoxidase, NADPH oxidase, and nitric oxide synthase. On the other hand, reactive species can be generated among others, by cytochrome P450, some metals, and xanthine oxidase. Some pathologies arising during infection can be attributed to oxidative stress and generation of reactive species in infection can even have fatal consequences. This article reviews the basic pathways in which reactive species can accumulate during infectious diseases and discusses the related health consequences.
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Kotchey GP, Gaugler JA, Kapralov AA, Kagan VE, Star A. Effect of antioxidants on enzyme-catalysed biodegradation of carbon nanotubes. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:302-309. [PMID: 23626907 DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00047d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The growing applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) inevitably increase the risk of exposure to this potentially toxic nanomaterial. In an attempt to address this issue, research has been implemented to study the biodegradation of CNTs. In particular, myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme expressed by inflammatory cells of animals including humans, catalyse the degradation of oxidized carbon nanomaterials. While reactive intermediates generated by MPO efficiently degrade oxidized single-walled carbon nanotubes (o-SWCNTs); the exact mechanism of enzyme-catalysed biodegradation remains ambiguous. In this work, we tried to explain enzymatic oxidation in terms of redox potentials by employing competitive substrates for MPO such as chloride, which is oxidized by MPO to form a strong oxidant (hypochlorite), and antioxidants that have lower redox potentials than CNTs. Employing transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the addition of antioxidants, L-ascorbic acid and L-glutathione, with or without chloride significantly mitigates MPO-catalysed biodegradation of o-SWCNTs. This study focuses on a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of enzymatic biodegradation of CNTs and the impact of antioxidants on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg P Kotchey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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