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Gaspari L, Soyer-Gobillard MO, Paris F, Kalfa N, Hamamah S, Sultan C. Multigenerational endometriosis : consequence of fetal exposure to diethylstilbestrol ? Environ Health 2021; 20:96. [PMID: 34452632 PMCID: PMC8401160 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis, which affects 10-15 % of women of reproductive age, is an estrogen-driven condition influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Exposition to estrogen-like endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been reported to contribute to the fetal origin of this disease. CASE PRESENTATION We report here an informative family in which all prenatally DES-exposed daughters and subsequent granddaughters presented endometriosis, whereas the unexposed first daughter and her progeny presented no gynecological disorders. Moreover, the only post-pubertal great-granddaughter, who presents chronic dysmenorrhea that remains resistant to conventional therapy, is at risk of developing endometriosis. The mother (I-2) was prescribed DES (30 mg/day for 3 months) to inhibit lactation after each delivery. CONCLUSIONS Although a direct causal link between the grandmother's treatment with DES and the development of endometriosis in possibly three exposed generations remains speculative, this report strengthens the suspicion that fetal exposition to DES contributes to the pathogenesis of adult diseases, such as endometriosis. It also highlights a multigenerational and likely transgenerational effect of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gaspari
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares du Développement Génital, Constitutif Sud, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Françoise Paris
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares du Développement Génital, Constitutif Sud, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Kalfa
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares du Développement Génital, Constitutif Sud, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Département de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - Samir Hamamah
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Département de Biologie de la Reproduction, Biologie de la Reproduction/DPI et CECOS, Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Sultan
- CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Montpellier, France
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Sex-Specific Alterations in Cardiac DNA Methylation in Adult Mice by Perinatal Lead Exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020577. [PMID: 33445541 PMCID: PMC7826866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors play an important role in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases exhibit marked sexual dimorphism; however, the sex-specific effects of environmental exposures on cardiac health are incompletely understood. Perinatal and adult exposures to the metal lead (Pb) are linked to several adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the sex-specific effects of this toxicant on the heart have received little attention. Perinatal environmental exposures can lead to disease through disruption of the normal epigenetic programming that occurs during early development. Using a mouse model of human-relevant perinatal environmental exposure, we investigated the effects of exposure to Pb during gestation and lactation on DNA methylation in the hearts of adult offspring mice (n = 6 per sex). Two weeks prior to mating, dams were assigned to control or Pb acetate (32 ppm) water, and exposure continued until offspring were weaned at three weeks of age. Enhanced reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing was used to measure DNA methylation in the hearts of offspring at five months of age. Although Pb exposure stopped at three weeks of age, we discovered hundreds of differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) and regions (DMRs) in males and females at five months of age. DMCs/DMRs and their associated genes were sex-specific, with a small, but statistically significant subset overlapping between sexes. Pathway analysis revealed altered methylation of genes important for cardiac and other tissue development in males, and histone demethylation in females. Together, these data demonstrate that perinatal exposure to Pb induces sex-specific changes in cardiac DNA methylation that are present long after cessation of exposure, and highlight the importance of considering sex in environmental epigenetics and mechanistic toxicology studies.
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Krishna S, Berridge B, Kleinstreuer N. High-Throughput Screening to Identify Chemical Cardiotoxic Potential. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:566-583. [PMID: 33346635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is one of the most prevalent public health concerns, and mounting evidence supports the contribution of environmental chemicals to CV disease burden. In this study, we performed cardiotoxicity profiling for the Tox21 chemical library by focusing on high-throughput screening (HTS) assays whose targets are associated with adverse events related to CV failure modes. Our objective was to develop new hypotheses around environmental chemicals of potential interest for adverse CV outcomes using Tox21/ToxCast HTS data. Molecular and cellular events linked to six failure modes of CV toxicity were cross-referenced with 1399 Tox21/ToxCast assays to identify cardio-relevant bioactivity signatures. The resulting 40 targets, measured in 314 assays, were integrated via a ToxPi visualization tool and ranking system to prioritize 1138 chemicals based upon formal integration across multiple domains of information. Filtering was performed based on cytotoxicity and generalized cell stress endpoints to try and isolate chemicals with effects specific to CV biology, and bioactivity- and structure-based clustering identified subgroups of chemicals preferentially affecting targets such as ion channels and vascular tissue biology. Our approach identified drugs with known cardiotoxic effects, such as estrogenic modulators like clomiphene and raloxifene, anti-arrhythmic drugs like amiodarone and haloperidol, and antipsychotic drugs like chlorpromazine. Several classes of environmental chemicals such as organotins, bisphenol-like chemicals, pesticides, and quaternary ammonium compounds demonstrated strong bioactivity against CV targets; these were compared to existing data in the literature (e.g., from cardiomyocytes, animal data, or human epidemiological studies) and prioritized for further testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Krishna
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 530 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Brian Berridge
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 530 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 530 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27560, United States
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Wu HC, Cohn BA, Cirillo PM, Santella RM, Terry MB. DDT exposure during pregnancy and DNA methylation alterations in female offspring in the Child Health and Development Study. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 92:138-147. [PMID: 30822522 PMCID: PMC6710160 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies measuring dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure during key windows of susceptibility including the intrauterine period suggest that DDT exposure is associated with breast cancer risk. We hypothesized that prenatal DDT exposure is associated with DNA methylation. Using prospective data from 316 daughters in the Child Health and Development Study, we examined the association between prenatal exposure to DDTs and DNA methylation in blood collected in midlife (mean age: 49 years). To identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with markers of DDTs (p,p'-DDT and the primary metabolite of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'-DDT, the primary constituents of technical DDT), we measured methylation in 30 genes important to breast cancer. We observed DDT DMRs in three genes, CCDC85A, CYP1A1 and ZFPM2, each of which has been previously implicated in pubertal development and breast cancer susceptibility. These findings suggest prenatal DDT exposure may have life-long consequence through alteration in genes relevant to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Barbara A. Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, California
| | - Piera M. Cirillo
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, California
| | - Regina M. Santella
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY
- Imprints Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY
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Zhang T, Guan Y, Wang S, Wang L, Cheng M, Yuan C, Liu Y, Wang Z. Bisphenol A induced abnormal DNA methylation of ovarian steroidogenic genes in rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 269:156-165. [PMID: 30244057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptor chemical, disturbs the mRNA expressions of steroidogenic genes and subsequently steroid hormone synthesis in mammals and aquatic species. However, the underlying regulation mechanisms are barely understood, especially in fish. To explore the regulation mechanism, we exposed female rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus (G. rarus) to BPA at a nominal concentration of 15 μg/L for 7 and 14 days in the present study. Results showed significant increase of gonad somatic index (GSI) and serum estradiol (E2) levels in response to BPA at day 14. The 7-day BPA exposure notably repressed the expression of two ovarian steroidogenic genes (star and hsd11b2) and suppressed their capacity of estrogen response elements (ERE) to recruit estrogen receptor (ER), while the 14-day BPA treatment remarkably induced transcript of hsd3b and enhanced the capacity of ERE to recruitment ER in ovaries. Furthermore, the 7-day BPA exposure caused DNA hypermethylation of star (CpGs: -742 bp and -719 bp) and hsd11b2 (CpG: -1788 bp). However, 14-day BPA exposure resulted in DNA hypomethylation of hsd3b (CpG: -181 bp). Correlation analysis revealed that the DNA methylation levels at specific CpGs in star, hsd3b and hsd11b2 were significantly correlated to their mRNA levels and ER-EREs interactions. These findings suggest that the disturbed steroidogenesis and the transcripts of ovarian steroidogenic genes might attribute to the altered DNA methylation status of these ovarian steroidogenic genes in response to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yongjing Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mengqian Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Rivollier F, Chaumette B, Bendjemaa N, Chayet M, Millet B, Jaafari N, Barhdadi A, Lemieux Perreault LP, Provost S, Dubé MP, Gaillard R, Krebs MO, Kebir O. Methylomic changes in individuals with psychosis, prenatally exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds: Lessons from diethylstilbestrol. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174783. [PMID: 28406917 PMCID: PMC5390994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Western world, between 1940 and 1970, more than 2 million people were exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES). In exposed individuals, and in their descendants, adverse outcomes have been linked to such exposure, including cancers, genital malformations, and less consistently, psychiatric disorders. We aimed to explore whether prenatal DES exposure would be associated with DNA methylation changes, and whether these epigenetic modifications would be associated with increased risk of psychosis. METHODS From 247 individuals born from mothers exposed to DES, we selected 69 siblings from 30 families. In each family, at least one sibling was exposed in utero to DES. We performed a methylome-wide association study using HumanMethylation450 DNA Analysis BeadChip® in peripheral blood. We analyzed methylation changes at individual CpGs or regions in exposed (n = 37) versus unexposed individuals (n = 32). We also compared exposed individuals with (n = 7) and without psychosis (n = 30). RESULTS There were more individuals with schizophrenia in the DES-exposed group. We found no significant differences between exposed and unexposed individuals with respect to differentially methylated CpGs or regions. The largest difference was in a region near the promoter of an ADAMTS proteoglycanase gene (ADAMTS9). Compared to exposed individuals without psychosis, exposed individuals with psychosis had differential methylation in the region encompassing the gene encoding the zinc finger protein 57 (ZFP57). CONCLUSIONS In utero exposure to DES was not associated with methylation changes at specific CpG or regions. In exposed individuals, however, psychosis was associated with specific methylomic modifications that could impact neurodevelopment and neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Rivollier
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Boris Chaumette
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Narjes Bendjemaa
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Chayet
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Millet
- Department of Adults Psychiatry, ICM-A-IHU, UPMC UMR S 975, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Nematollah Jaafari
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Psychiatrie Pierre Deniker, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, INSERM CIC-P 1402, INSERM U 1084 Laboratoire Expérimental et Clinique en Neurosciences, Univ Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, Groupement De Recherche CNRS 3557, Poitiers, France
| | - Amina Barhdadi
- Université de Montréal, Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sylvie Provost
- Université de Montréal, Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Université de Montréal, Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Raphaël Gaillard
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Oussama Kebir
- Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- INSERM, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR S 894, Paris, France
- CNRS, GDR3557-Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
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Peng C, Luo X, Xing Q, Sun H, Huang X. Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Restores Estrogen Reduced-cTnI Expression in Neonatal Hearts of Mice. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2377-84. [PMID: 27379430 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Diastolic cardiac dysfunction can be caused by abnormality in cTnI expression during cardiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of estrogen on the abnormal expression of cTnI in the hearts of neonatal mice and its potential epigenetic mechanisms. We then evaluated suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a HDAC inhibitor, as a new target treatment of diastolic cardiac dysfunction. Postnatal day 0.5 C57BL/6 mice were injected with estrogen for 1 week, then the hearts of 7-day-old neonatal mice were retrieved for examination. The activities of HDAC and HAT were assayed by colorimetry, and the interaction of cTnI with HDAC5 in mice hearts were examined using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The expression of cTnI was tested by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Estrogen treated groups displayed a significantly increased HDAC activity in the hearts of neonatal mice while HAT activity remained unchanged. Additionally, HDAC5 was higher at the cTnI promoter, as compared to the saline treated control groups. The acetylation of histone H3K9ac on cTnI promoter significantly decreased in the hearts of neonatal mice treated with estrogen, and the expression of cTnI at transcriptional and protein levels also decreased. SAHA was shown to increase the acetylation of histone H3K9ac and upregulate the expression of cTnI. The data demonstrated that SAHA can correct cTnI expression abnormality caused by estrogen through inhibiting the binding of HDAC5 to the promoter of cTnI. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2377-2384, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Qianlu Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Huichao Sun
- Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xupei Huang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charlie E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
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Yin L, Zheng LJ, Jiang X, Liu WB, Han F, Cao J, Liu JY. Effects of Low-Dose Diethylstilbestrol Exposure on DNA Methylation in Mouse Spermatocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143143. [PMID: 26588706 PMCID: PMC4654501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from previous studies suggests that the male reproductive system can be disrupted by fetal or neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). However, the molecular basis for this effect remains unclear. To evaluate the effects of DES on mouse spermatocytes and to explore its potential mechanism of action, the levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and DNA methylation induced by DES were detected. The results showed that low doses of DES inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in GC-2 cells, an immortalized mouse pachytene spermatocyte-derived cell line, which reproduces primary cells responses to E2. Furthermore, global DNA methylation levels were increased and the expression levels of DNMTs were altered in DES-treated GC-2 cells. A total of 141 differentially methylated DNA sites were detected by microarray analysis. Rxra, an important component of the retinoic acid signaling pathway, and mybph, a RhoA pathway-related protein, were found to be hypermethylated, and Prkcd, an apoptosis-related protein, was hypomethylated. These results showed that low-dose DES was toxic to spermatocytes and that DNMT expression and DNA methylation were altered in DES-exposed cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that DNA methylation likely plays an important role in mediating DES-induced spermatocyte toxicity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-juan Zheng
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Gansu People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-bin Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Han
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Patel BB, Raad M, Sebag IA, Chalifour LE. Sex-specific cardiovascular responses to control or high fat diet feeding in C57bl/6 mice chronically exposed to bisphenol A. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:1310-1318. [PMID: 28962473 PMCID: PMC5598525 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased pericardial fat which often accompanies overall obesity is thought to alter cardiac structure/function and increase the risk for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesized that chronic exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) would induce pericardial fat, cardiac hypertrophy or arrhythmia. C57bl/6n dams were exposed to BPA (25 ng/ml drinking water) beginning on gestation day 11 and progeny continued on 2.5 ng BPA/ml drinking water. The progeny of control dams (VEH) and dams treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES, 1 μg/kg/day, gestation days 1114) had tap water. After weaning progeny were fed either a control (CD) or high fat diet (HFD) for 3 months. Pericardial fat was present in CD-BPA and CD-DES and not CD-VEH mice, and was increased in all HFD mice. Catecholamine challenge revealed no differences in males, but BPA-exposed females had longer P-wave and QRS complex duration. Only CD-BPA and CD-DES females developed cardiac hypertrophy which was independent of increased blood pressure. Calcium homeostasis protein expression changes in HFD-BPA and HFD-DES mice predict reduced SERCA2 activity in males and increased SERCA2 activity in females. Thus, chronic BPA exposure induced pericardial fat in the absence of HFD, and female-specific changes in cardiac hypertrophy development and cardiac electrical conduction after a catecholamine challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavini B Patel
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Mohamad Raad
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Igal A Sebag
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Lorraine E Chalifour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, 850 Sherbrooke Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A2, Canada
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Jiménez-Chillarón JC, Nijland MJ, Ascensão AA, Sardão VA, Magalhães J, Hitchler MJ, Domann FE, Oliveira PJ. Back to the future: transgenerational transmission of xenobiotic-induced epigenetic remodeling. Epigenetics 2015; 10:259-73. [PMID: 25774863 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics, or regulation of gene expression independent of DNA sequence, is the missing link between genotype and phenotype. Epigenetic memory, mediated by histone and DNA modifications, is controlled by a set of specialized enzymes, metabolite availability, and signaling pathways. A mostly unstudied subject is how sub-toxic exposure to several xenobiotics during specific developmental stages can alter the epigenome and contribute to the development of disease phenotypes later in life. Furthermore, it has been shown that exposure to low-dose xenobiotics can also result in further epigenetic remodeling in the germ line and contribute to increase disease risk in the next generation (multigenerational and transgenerational effects). We here offer a perspective on current but still incomplete knowledge of xenobiotic-induced epigenetic alterations, and their possible transgenerational transmission. We also propose several molecular mechanisms by which the epigenetic landscape may be altered by environmental xenobiotics and hypothesize how diet and physical activity may counteract epigenetic alterations.
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Xing H, Wang C, Wu H, Chen D, Li S, Xu S. Effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on DNA methylation in the brain and gonad of the common carp. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 168:11-9. [PMID: 25460047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is known to play an important role in the regulation of gene expression in animal. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of atrazine (ATR), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and combined ATR/CPF exposure on DNA methylation in the brain and gonad of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The carp were sampled after a 40-d exposure to CPF and ATR, individually or in combination, followed by a 40-d recovery to measure the levels of global DNA methylation and the expression of methylation enzymes (DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and methylcytosine binding domain 2 (MBD2)) in the brain and gonad tissues. The results revealed that a significant global DNA hypomethylation in the common carp exposed to ATR, CPF and their mixture was observed compared to the control fish. The MBD2 mRNA expression was up-regulated in the brain and gonad of the common carp exposed to ATR, CPF and their mixture, in contrast, the DNMTs mRNA expression was down-regulated. The information regarding the effects of ATR and CPF on DNA methylation status generated in this study is important for pesticides toxicology evaluation. However, the effect of ATR and CPF on the methylation status of specific genes, as well as its detailed mechanism requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China; Animal Health Supervision Institute of Heilongjiang Province, 243 Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongda Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Heilongjiang Province, 368 Xuefu Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150086, PR China
| | - Dechun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, China.
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Zhao F, Zhou J, El Zowalaty AE, Li R, Dudley EA, Ye X. Timing and recovery of postweaning exposure to diethylstilbestrol on early pregnancy in CD-1 mice. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 49:48-54. [PMID: 25062584 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure timing could play an important role in the effects of estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs) on early pregnancy. This study examined the sensitivity of different exposure periods from weaning to gestation day 4.5 (D4.5) to 50ppb diethylstilbestrol (DES, a test EEDC) diet on embryo implantation and potential recovery upon temporary cessation of DES exposure in CD-1 mice. Peripubertal (3-5 weeks old) DES exposure reduced the numbers of corpora lutea and implantation sites. Postpubertal (5-7 weeks old) DES exposure did not have significant effects on early pregnancy. Postmating (D0.5-D4.5) DES exposure affected postovulation events leading to impaired embryo implantation. A 5-day premating rest from 5-week DES exposure (3-8 weeks old) resulted in recovery of early pregnancy rate. These data demonstrate that peripubertal and postmating periods are sensitive windows to endocrine disruption of early pregnancy and temporary cessation of exposure could partially alleviate adverse effects of DES on early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Ahmed E El Zowalaty
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Dudley
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Xiaoqin Ye
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Haddad R, Kasneci A, Sebag IA, Chalifour LE. Cardiac structure/function, protein expression, and DNA methylation are changed in adult female mice exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:741-9. [PMID: 23984849 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of in utero exposure to the non-steroidal estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) are particularly marked in women. Fetal hearts express estrogen receptors, making them potentially responsive to DES. To examine whether gestational exposure to DES would impact the heart, we exposed pregnant C57bl/6n dams to DES (0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 μg·(kg body mass)(-1)·day(-1)) on gestation days 11.5-14.5, and examined the measured cardiac structure/function and calcium homeostasis protein expression in adult females. At baseline, echocardiography revealed eccentric hypertrophy in mice treated with 10.0 μg·(kg body mass)(-1)·day(-1) DES, and immunoblots showed increased SERCA2a in all DES-treated mice. Mice were swim-trained to assess cardiac remodeling. Swim-trained vehicle-treated mice developed eccentric hypertrophy without changing SERCA2 or calsequestrin 2 expression. In contrast, no DES-treated mice hypertrophied, and all increased in SERCA2a and calsequestrin 2 expression after training. To determine whether DES-induced changes in DNA methylation is part of the mechanism for its long-term effects, we measured DNA methyltransferase expression and DNA methylation. Global DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferase 3a expression were unchanged. However, DES-treated mice had increased DNA methylation in the calsequestrin 2 promoter. Thus, gestational exposure to DES altered female ventricular DNA, cardiac structure/function, and calcium homeostasis protein expression. We conclude that gestational exposure to estrogenizing compounds may impact cardiac structure/function in adult females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Haddad
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin de la Côte Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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Rosa-Garrido M, Karbassi E, Monte E, Vondriska TM. Regulation of chromatin structure in the cardiovascular system. Circ J 2013; 77:1389-98. [PMID: 23575346 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
It has been appreciated for some time that cardiovascular disease involves large-scale transcriptional changes in various cell types. What has become increasingly clear only in the past few years, however, is the role of chromatin remodeling in cardiovascular phenotypes in normal physiology, as well as in development and disease. This review summarizes the state of the chromatin field in terms of distinct mechanisms to regulate chromatin structure in vivo, identifying when these modes of regulation have been demonstrated in cardiovascular tissues. We describe areas in which a better understanding of chromatin structure is leading to new insights into the fundamental biology of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Patel BB, Raad M, Sebag IA, Chalifour LE. Lifelong exposure to bisphenol a alters cardiac structure/function, protein expression, and DNA methylation in adult mice. Toxicol Sci 2013; 133:174-85. [PMID: 23418087 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenizing endocrine disruptor compound of concern. Our objective was to test whether lifelong BPA would impact cardiac structure/function, calcium homeostasis protein expression, and the DNA methylation of cardiac genes. We delivered 0.5 and 5.0 µg/kg/day BPA lifelong from gestation day 11 or 200 µg/kg/day from gestation day 11 to postnatal day 21 via the drinking water to C57bl/6n mice. BPA 5.0 males and females had increased body weight, body mass index, body surface area, and adiposity. Echocardiography identified concentric remodeling in all BPA-treated males. Systolic and diastolic cardiac functions were essentially similar, but lifelong BPA enhanced male and reduced female sex-specific differences in velocity of circumferential shortening and ascending aorta velocity time integral. Diastolic blood pressure was increased in all BPA females. The calcium homeostasis proteins sarcoendoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), sodium calcium exchanger-1, phospholamban (PLB), phospho-PLB, and calsequestrin 2 are important for contraction and relaxation. Changes in their expression suggest increased calcium mobility in males and reduced calcium mobility in females supporting the cardiac function changes. DNA methyltransferase 3a expression was increased in all BPA males and BPA 0.5 females and reduced in BPA 200 females. Global DNA methylation was increased in BPA 0.5 males and reduced in BPA 0.5 females. BPA induced sex-specific altered DNA methylation in specific CpG pairs in the calsequestrin 2 CpG island. These results suggest that continual exposure to BPA impacts cardiac structure/function, protein expression, and epigenetic DNA methylation marks in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavini B Patel
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada
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