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Meng X, Xia C, Wu H, Gu Q, Li P. Metabolism of quercitrin in the colon and its beneficial regulatory effects on gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39043159 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercitrin is a dietary flavonoid widely found in plants with various physiological activities. However, whether quercitrin alters gut microbiota in vivo is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolism of quercitrin in the colon and its regulation on gut microbiota in mice. RESULTS Herein, 22 flavonoids related to quercitrin metabolism were identified based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Gas chromatography and 16S rDNA gene sequencing were used to investigate short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content and diversity of composition of gut microbiota, respectively. The results showed that quercitrin significantly alters the beta-diversity of the gut microbiota, probiotics such as Akkermansia and Lactococcus were significantly increased, and the production of propanoate, isovalerate and hexanoate of the quercitrin group were enhanced significantly. The Spearman's association analysis provided evidence that Gardnerella and Akkermansia have obvious correlations with most of quercitrin metabolites and SCFAs. CONCLUSION Quercitrin and its metabolites in the colon altered the structure of the mice gut microbiota and increased the content of SCFAs. Our experiments provide valuable insights into quercitrin research and application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Meng
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenlan Xia
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongchen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Regolo L, Giampieri F, Battino M, Armas Diaz Y, Mezzetti B, Elexpuru-Zabaleta M, Mazas C, Tutusaus K, Mazzoni L. From by-products to new application opportunities: the enhancement of the leaves deriving from the fruit plants for new potential healthy products. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1083759. [PMID: 38895662 PMCID: PMC11184148 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1083759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the world population and demand for any kind of product have grown exponentially. The rhythm of production to satisfy the request of the population has become unsustainable and the concept of the linear economy, introduced after the Industrial Revolution, has been replaced by a new economic approach, the circular economy. In this new economic model, the concept of "the end of life" is substituted by the concept of restoration, providing a new life to many industrial wastes. Leaves are a by-product of several agricultural cultivations. In recent years, the scientific interest regarding leaf biochemical composition grew, recording that plant leaves may be considered an alternative source of bioactive substances. Plant leaves' main bioactive compounds are similar to those in fruits, i.e., phenolic acids and esters, flavonols, anthocyanins, and procyanidins. Bioactive compounds can positively influence human health; in fact, it is no coincidence that the leaves were used by our ancestors as a natural remedy for various pathological conditions. Therefore, leaves can be exploited to manufacture many products in food (e.g., being incorporated in food formulations as natural antioxidants, or used to create edible coatings or films for food packaging), cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries (e.g., promising ingredients in anti-aging cosmetics such as oils, serums, dermatological creams, bath gels, and other products). This review focuses on the leaves' main bioactive compounds and their beneficial health effects, indicating their applications until today to enhance them as a harvesting by-product and highlight their possible reuse for new potential healthy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Regolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Product Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yasmany Armas Diaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Maria Elexpuru-Zabaleta
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Cristina Mazas
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Kilian Tutusaus
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Research Center for Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Angola
| | - Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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3
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Sousa LRD, Santos MLDC, Sampaio LS, Faustino CG, Guigueno MLL, Freitas KM, Lopes MTP, Mota GCF, dos Santos VMR, Seibert JB, Amparo TR, Vieira PMDA, dos Santos ODH, de Souza GHB. Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:721. [PMID: 38931388 PMCID: PMC11206566 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, primarily caused by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can be prevented by the use of sunscreens. However, the use of synthetic sunscreens raises environmental concerns. Natural compounds with antioxidant photoprotective properties and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells can be promising for the prevention and treatment of melanoma with less environmental effect. This study focuses on Melaleuca leucadendron essential oil (EO) for photoprotection and antitumor applications. EO was hydrodistilled from M. leucadendron leaves with a 0.59% yield. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Nanoemulsions were prepared with (NE-EO) and without EO (NE-B) using the phase inversion method, showing good stability, spherical or oval morphology, and a pseudoplastic profile. Photoprotective activity assessed spectrophotometrically showed that the NE-EO was more effective than NE-B and free EO. Antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods indicated that pure and nanoemulsified EO mainly inhibited the ABTS radical, showing IC50 40.72 and 5.30 µg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity tests on L-929 mouse fibroblasts, NGM human melanocyte, B16-F10 melanoma, and MeWo human melanoma revealed that EO and NE-EO were more cytotoxic to melanoma cells than to non-tumor cells. The stable NE-EO demonstrates potential for melanoma prevention and treatment. Further research is required to gain a better understanding of these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Resende Dutra Sousa
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Maria Luiza da Costa Santos
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
| | - Larissa Silva Sampaio
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Clarisse Gaëlle Faustino
- École de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95800 Cergy, France; (C.G.F.); (M.L.L.G.)
| | | | - Kátia Michelle Freitas
- Departamentos de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (M.T.P.L.)
| | - Miriam Teresa Paz Lopes
- Departamentos de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (M.T.P.L.)
| | - Gabriela Cristina Ferreira Mota
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e de Síntese Orgânica, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (G.C.F.M.); (V.M.R.d.S.)
| | - Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e de Síntese Orgânica, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (G.C.F.M.); (V.M.R.d.S.)
| | - Janaína Brandão Seibert
- Laboratório de Patologia e Controle Microbiano, Universidade de São Paulo (USP-ESALQ), Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Bioensaios, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Orlando David Henrique dos Santos
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
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Liu C, Huang J, Qiu J, Jiang H, Liang S, Su Y, Lin J, Zheng J. Quercitrin improves cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction by regulating macrophage polarization and metabolic reprogramming. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155467. [PMID: 38447360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The death and disability caused by myocardial infarction is a health problem that needs to be addressed worldwide, and poor cardiac repair and fibrosis after myocardial infarction seriously affect patient recovery. Postmyocardial infarction repair by M2 macrophages is of great significance for ventricular remodeling. Quercitrin (Que) is a common flavonoid in fruits and vegetables that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and other effects, but whether it has a role in the treatment of myocardial infarction is unclear. In this study, we constructed a mouse myocardial infarction model and administered Que. We found through cardiac ultrasound that Que administration improved cardiac ejection fraction and reduced ventricular remodeling. Staining of heart sections and detection of fibrosis marker protein levels revealed that Que administration slowed fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of M2 macrophages in the mouse heart was increased and that the expression levels of M2 macrophage markers were increased in the Que-treated group. Finally, we identified by metabolomics that Que reduces glycolysis, increases aerobic phosphorylation, and alters arginine metabolic pathways, polarizing macrophages toward the M2 phenotype. Our research lays the foundation for the future application of Que in myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jungang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huiqi Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shi Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yangfan Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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5
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Gherboudj O, Boutaghane N, Kabouche Z, Djeblia L, Zerrougui L, Bekrar M. Phytochemical profiles and evaluation of the biological potential of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of the aerial parts of Cistus albidus L. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38440804 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2324116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The phytochemical profiles of the ethyl acetate (EAFCA) and n-butanol (BFCA) fractions of the aerial parts of Cistus albidus L., were characterised by a developed LC-ESI-MS/MS method, using 53 fingerprint phytochemicals, revealing the presence of 26 and 22 compounds, respectively with quinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, gentisic acid, tannic acid, ellagic acid, quercitrin, astragalin as the major compounds of the EAFCA, in very higher amounts than in the BFCA. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using six methods (DPPH•, ABTS•+, GOR•, CUPRAC, FRAP and Phenanthroline). In agreement with its highest polyphenolic content (430.12 ± 1.02 µg GAE/mg of extract) and largest amounts of identified polyphenolics, the EAFCA exhibited a higher antioxidant activity than the BFCA. Additionally, the EAFCA showed the highest acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (IC50 of 25.1 ± 2.58 µg/mL). Moreover, both EAFCA and BFCA demonstrated high photoprotective activity, with sun protection factor (SPF) values of 36.49 and 36.52, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouissem Gherboudj
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Synthèse de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Naima Boutaghane
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Lamia Djeblia
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Leila Zerrougui
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Manel Bekrar
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Constantine, Algeria
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Qi J, Pan Z, Wang X, Zhang N, He G, Jiang X. Research advances of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. polyphenols in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1305886. [PMID: 38343532 PMCID: PMC10853423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1305886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim., commonly known as Chinese prickly ash, is a well-known spice and traditional Chinese medicine ingredient with a rich history of use in treating inflammatory conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the botanical classification, traditional applications, and anti-inflammatory effects of Z. bungeanum, with a specific focus on its polyphenolic components. These polyphenols have exhibited considerable promise, as evidenced by preclinical studies in animal models, suggesting their therapeutic potential in human inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis, arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative conditions. This positions them as a promising class of natural compounds with the potential to enhance human well-being. However, further research is necessary to fully elucidate their mechanisms of action and develop safe and effective therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Qi
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoping Pan
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Qiao S, Zhao R, He S, Fu X, An J, Xia T. Quercitrin attenuates the progression of osteoarthritis via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathways and enhance glucose transport capacity. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113854. [PMID: 37952573 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that impairs function and reduces the quality of life. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and inflammatory mechanisms are crucial to the progression of OA. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity, anti-ECM degradation property, and glucose transport capacity of quercitrin (QCT) on IL-1β-treated rat primary chondrocytes. Rat primary chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β to simulate inflammatory environmental conditions and OA in vitro. We examined the effects of QCT at concentrations ranging from 0 to 200 μM on the viability of rat chondrocytes and selected 5 μM for further study. Using qRT-PCR, immunofluorescent, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting techniques, we identified the potential molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are responsible for these effects. We established an OA rat model through anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). The animals were then periodically injected with QCT into the knee articular cavity. Our in vivo and in vitro study showed that QCT could inhibit IL-1β-activated inflammation and ECM degradation in chondrocyte. Furthermore, QCT could inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway and enhance glucose transport capacity in the IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. In vivo study proved that QCT attenuates OA progression in rats. Overall, QCT inhibited the activation of NF-κB and enhanced glucose transport capacity to alleviate the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigang Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Runze Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Institure, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuangjian He
- Department of orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Fu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong An
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China.
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García-Villegas A, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Rojas-García A, Alañón ME, Arráez-Román D, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Segura-Carretero A. The Potential of Mangifera indica L. Peel Extract to Be Revalued in Cosmetic Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1892. [PMID: 37891971 PMCID: PMC10603900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The constant growth of the cosmetic industry, together with the scientific evidence of the beneficial properties of phytochemicals, has generated great interest in the incorporation of bioactive extracts in cosmetic formulations. This study aims to evaluate the bioactive potential of a mango peel extract for its incorporation into cosmetic formulations. For this purpose, several assays were conducted: phytochemical characterization; total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant potential; free-radical scavenging capacity; and skin aging-related enzyme inhibition. In addition, the extract was incorporated into a gel formulation, and a preliminary stability study was conducted where the accelerated (temperature ramp, centrifugation, and heating/cooling cycles) and long-term (storage in light and dark for three months) stability of the mango peel formulations were evaluated. The characterization results showed the annotation of 71 compounds, gallotannins being the most representative group. In addition, the mango peel extract was shown to be effective against the •NO radical with an IC50 of 7.5 mg/L and against the hyaluronidase and xanthine oxidase enzymes with IC50 of 27 mg/L and 2 mg/L, respectively. The formulations incorporating the extract were stable during the stability study. The results demonstrate that mango peel extract can be a by-product to be revalorized as a promising cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail García-Villegas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Alejandro Rojas-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María Elena Alañón
- Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (Á.F.-O.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
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9
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Cheng Y, Xia Q, Lu Z, Luan X, Fan L, Wang Z, Luo D. Maslinic acid attenuates UVB-induced oxidative damage in HFF-1 cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36943873 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative damage is one of the major mechanisms of ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damage to the skin. Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound of pentacyclic triterpene acids. It has been proved to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effects of MA on oxidative damage in human foreskin fibroblast cells (HFF-1) and the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS A specific dose of UVB radiation was used to induce oxidative damage in HFF-1. Based on this, we performed measurements of cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, inflammation-related mediators, and NF-κB nuclear localization with or without the addition of MA. RESULTS MA significantly promoted cell proliferation viability at 10 and 20 μM. The addition of MA 24 h before UVB irradiation was more effective at enhancing cell proliferation and also produced lower ROS levels compared to co-cultured fibroblasts and MA for 24 h after irradiation. However, there was no statistically significant difference between groups at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM. The pretreatment group with MA had elevated superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, decreased IL-6 generation, and lowered mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α and MMP3 in comparison with the UVB-irradiated group without additional MA. Meanwhile, the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the degradation of IκB were inhibited by MA pretreatment. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that MA may alleviate UVB-induced oxidative damage in HFF-1 by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qingyue Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiyu Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xingbao Luan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lipan Fan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhaopeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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10
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Kumar A, Kaur S, Sangwan PL, Tasduq SA. Therapeutic and cosmeceutical role of glycosylated natural products in dermatology. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1574-1589. [PMID: 36809543 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) remain the primary source of pharmacologically active candidates for drug discovery. Since time immemorial, NPs have attracted considerable attention because of their beneficial skin effects. Moreover, there has been a great interest in using such products for the cosmetics industry in the past few decades, bridging the gap between modern and traditional medicine. Terpenoids, Steroids, and Flavonoids having glycosidic attachment have proven biological effects with a positive impact on human health. NPs derived glycosides are mainly found in fruits, vegetables, and plants, and most of them have a special reverence in traditional and modern medicine for disease prevention and treatment. A literature review was performed using scientific journals, Google scholar, Scifinder, PubMED, and Google patents. These scientific articles, documents, and patents establish the significance of glycosidic NPs in the areas of dermatology. Considering the human inclination to the usage of NPs rather than synthetic or inorganic drugs (especially in the area of skin care), in the present review we have discussed the worth of NP glycosides in beauty care and skin-related therapeutics and the mechanistic pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.,PK/PD divisions, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sarabjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pyare L Sangwan
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sheikh A Tasduq
- PK/PD divisions, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,PK-PD and Toxicology Divisions, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Wang H, Li J, Zhang C, Sun B, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Zhao H. Metabolomics approach, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity assay provide insights into impact of multiple variations on the vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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12
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Audah KA, Ettin J, Darmadi J, Azizah NN, Anisa AS, Hermawan TDF, Tjampakasari CR, Heryanto R, Ismail IS, Batubara I. Indonesian Mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris Leaves Ethanol Extract Is a Potential Super Antioxidant and Anti Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Drug. Molecules 2022; 27:8369. [PMID: 36500458 PMCID: PMC9735687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an S. aureus strain that has developed resistance against ß-lactam antibiotics, resulting in a scarcity of a potent cure for treating Staphylococcus infections. In this study, the anti-MRSA and antioxidant activity of the Indonesian mangrove species Sonneratia caseolaris, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora apiculata were studied. Disk diffusion, DPPH, a brine shrimp lethality test, and total phenolic and flavonoid assays were conducted. Results showed that among the tested mangroves, ethanol solvent-based S. caseolaris leaves extract had the highest antioxidant and anti-MRSA activities. An antioxidant activity assay showed comparable activity when compared to ascorbic acid, with an IC50 value of 4.2499 ± 3.0506 ppm and 5.2456 ± 0.5937 ppm, respectively, classifying the extract as a super-antioxidant. Moreover, S. caseolaris leaves extract showed the highest content of strongly associated antioxidative and antibacterial polyphenols, with 12.4% consisting of nontoxic flavonoids with the minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol-based S. caseolaris leaves extract being approximately 5000 ppm. LC-MS/MS results showed that phenolic compounds such as azelaic acid and aspirin were found, as well as flavonoid glucosides such as isovitexin and quercitrin. This strongly suggested that these compounds greatly contributed to antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Further research is needed to elucidate the interaction of the main compounds in S. caseolaris leaves extract in order to confirm their potential either as single or two or more compounds that synergistically function as a nontoxic antioxidant and antibacterial against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholis Abdurachim Audah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, Tangerang 15143, Indonesia
- Directorate of Academic Research and Community Service, Swiss German University, Tangerang 15143, Indonesia
| | - Jufendi Ettin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, Tangerang 15143, Indonesia
| | - Jason Darmadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, Tangerang 15143, Indonesia
| | - Norma Nur Azizah
- Drug Development Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Amalda Siti Anisa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, Tangerang 15143, Indonesia
| | | | - Conny Riana Tjampakasari
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Rudi Heryanto
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | | | - Irmanida Batubara
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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13
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Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217582. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In this study, we employed nano-DESI MS to perform a metabolite fingerprinting analysis directly from a Hypericum leaf surface. Moreover, we investigated whether changes in metabolite fingerprints with time can be related to metabolite distribution according to depth. From a raw Hypericum leaf, the mass spectral fingerprints of key metabolites, including flavonoids and prenylated phloroglucinols, were successfully obtained using ethanol as a nano-DESI solvent, and the changes in their intensities were observed with time via full mass scan experiments. In addition, the differential extraction patterns of the obtained mass spectral fingerprints were clearly visualized over time through selected ion monitoring and pseudo-selected reaction monitoring experiments. To examine the correlation between the time-dependent changes in the metabolite fingerprints and depth-wise metabolite distribution, we performed a nano-DESI MS analysis against leaves whose surface layers were removed multiple times by forming polymeric gum Arabic films on their surfaces, followed by detaching. The preliminary results showed that the changes in the metabolite fingerprints according to the number of peelings showed a similar pattern with those obtained from the raw leaves over time.
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14
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Protective Effects of Orange Sweet Pepper Juices Prepared by High-Speed Blender and Low-Speed Masticating Juicer against UVB-induced Skin Damage in SKH-1 Hairless Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196394. [PMID: 36234931 PMCID: PMC9572457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L.) contain various nutrients and phytochemicals that enhance human health and prevent the pathogenesis of certain diseases. Here, we report that oral administration of orange sweet pepper juices prepared by a high-speed blender and low-speed masticating juicer reduces UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 hairless mice. Sweet pepper juices reduced UVB-induced skin photoaging by the regulation of genes involved in dermal matrix production and maintenance such as collagen type I α 1 and matrix metalloproteinase-2, 3, 9. Administration of sweet pepper juices also restored total collagen levels in UVB-exposed mice. In addition, sweet pepper juices downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins such as cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, and IL-23, which was likely via inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Moreover, primary antioxidant enzymes in the skin were enhanced by oral supplementation of sweet pepper juices, as evidenced by increased expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase-2. Immunohistochemical staining showed that sweet pepper juices reduced UVB-induced DNA damage by preventing 8-OHdG formation. These results suggest that sweet pepper juices may offer a protective effect against photoaging by inhibiting the breakdown of dermal matrix, inflammatory response, and DNA damage as well as enhancing antioxidant defense, which leads to an overall reduction in skin damage.
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15
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Chen B, Chen H, Qu H, Qiao K, Xu M, Wu J, Su Y, Shi Y, Liu Z, Wang Q. Photoprotective effects of Sargassum thunbergii on ultraviolet B-induced mouse L929 fibroblasts and zebrafish. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:144. [PMID: 35597942 PMCID: PMC9123674 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) causes a series of adverse skin reactions, such as erythema, sunburn, photoaging, and cancer, by altering signaling pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Marine algae have abundant amounts and varieties of bioactive compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the photoprotective effects of an ethanol extract of Sargassum thunbergii. METHODS Sargassum thunbergii phenolic-rich extract (STPE) was prepared, and its activity against UVB damage was evaluated using L929 fibroblast cells and zebrafish. STPE was extracted and purified by 40% ethanol and macroporous resin XDA-7. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were analyzed. The effect of STPE on UVB-induced inflammation was determined by inflammatory cytokine gene and protein expression. The expression of signaling molecules in the Nuclear Factor KappaB (NF-κB) pathway was determined by western blotting. DNA condensation was analyzed and visualized by Hoechst 33342 staining. In vivo evaluation was performed by tail fin area and ROS measurement using the zebrafish model. RESULTS The total polyphenol content of STPE was 72%. STPE reduced ROS content in L929 cells, improved SOD and CAT activities, and significantly reduced MDA content, thereby effectively alleviating UVB radiation-induced oxidative damage. STPE inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1α. STPE reversed DNA condensation at concentrations of 20 and 40 μg/mL compared with the UVB control. Moreover, STPE inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway activation and alleviated DNA agglutination in L929 cells after UVB irradiation. Additionally, 1.67 μg/mL STPE significantly increased the tail fin area in zebrafish, and 0.8-1.6 μg/mL STPE effectively eliminated excessive ROS after UVB radiation. CONCLUSIONS STPE inhibited UVB-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine expression, and DNA condensation via the downregulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that it prevents UVB-induced photodamage, and has potential for clinical development for skin disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chen
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Honghong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Haidong Qu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Min Xu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Jingna Wu
- Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023 Fujian China
| | - Yongchang Su
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
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16
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Roquete Amparo T, Cherem Peixoto Silva A, Brandão Seibert J, dos Santos da Silva D, Martins Rebello dos Santos V, Melo de Abreu Vieira P, Célio Brandão G, Henrique Bianco de Souza G, Aloise Maneira Corrêa Santos B. In vitro and in silico investigation of the photoprotective and antioxidant potential of Protium spruceanum leaves and its main flavonoids. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Adeniyi O, Baptista R, Bhowmick S, Cookson A, Nash RJ, Winters A, Shen J, Mur LAJ. Isolation and Characterisation of Quercitrin as a Potent Anti-Sickle Cell Anaemia Agent from Alchornea cordifolia. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082177. [PMID: 35456270 PMCID: PMC9024604 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alchornea cordifolia Müll. Arg. (commonly known as Christmas Bush) has been used traditionally in Africa to treat sickle cell anaemia (a recessive disease, arising from the S haemoglobin (Hb) allele), but the active compounds are yet to be identified. Herein, we describe the use of sequential fractionation coupled with in vitro anti-sickling assays to purify the active component. Sickling was induced in HbSS genotype blood samples using sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) or through incubation in 100% N2. Methanol extracts of A. cordifolia leaves and its sub-fractions showed >70% suppression of HbSS erythrocyte sickling. The purified compound demonstrated a 87.2 ± 2.39% significant anti-sickling activity and 93.1 ± 2.69% erythrocyte sickling-inhibition at 0.4 mg/mL. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and high-resolution mass spectroscopy identified it as quercitrin (quercetin 3-rhamnoside). Purified quercitrin also inhibited the polymerisation of isolated HbS and stabilized sickle erythrocytes membranes. Metabolomic comparisons of blood samples using flow-infusion electrospray-high resolution mass spectrometry indicated that quercitrin could convert HbSS erythrocyte metabolomes to be like HbAA. Sickling was associated with changes in antioxidants, anaerobic bioenergy, and arachidonic acid metabolism, all of which were reversed by quercitrin. The findings described could inform efforts directed to the development of an anti-sickling drug or quality control assessments of A. cordifolia preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayemi Adeniyi
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti 360231, Nigeria
| | - Rafael Baptista
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Sumana Bhowmick
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Alan Cookson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Robert J. Nash
- PhytoQuest Ltd., Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK;
| | - Ana Winters
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Jianying Shen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (L.A.J.M.)
| | - Luis A. J. Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (O.A.); (R.B.); (S.B.); (A.C.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (L.A.J.M.)
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18
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Four-Octyl Itaconate Attenuates UVB-Induced Melanocytes and Keratinocytes Apoptosis by Nrf2 Activation-Dependent ROS Inhibition. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9897442. [PMID: 35308171 PMCID: PMC8933077 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9897442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired skin depigmentation disease in which excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical pathogenic role in melanocyte destruction. The complex crosstalk between melanocytes and keratinocytes in vitiligo suggests that treatments aimed at protecting both the cells might be meaningful. In this study, we investigated the effect of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), an itaconate derivative, on ultraviolet B- (UVB-) induced apoptosis in HaCaT and PIG1 cells and the underlying mechanisms. HaCaT and PIG1 cells were pretreated with 4-OI (50 or 100 μM) for 24 h and then exposed to 300 mJ/cm2 UVB (emission range 290–320 nm, emission peak 310 nm). ROS levels and cell apoptosis were investigated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry 24 h after irradiation. In addition, nuclear translocation and the expression of pathway-related proteins and mRNAs were detected using confocal microscopy, western blotting, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Our results demonstrated that UVB induced apoptosis in HaCaT and PIG1 cells, whereas inhibition of ROS production could reverse this effect. Furthermore, 4-OI attenuated UVB-induced apoptosis in HaCaT and PIG1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner by reducing the ROS levels. Moreover, 4-OI induced nuclear translocation and activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and Nrf2 silencing reversed the inhibitory effect of 4-OI on the UVB-induced increase in ROS production and apoptosis in HaCaT and PIG1 cells. In addition, in vivo experiments using the Institute of Cancer Research mouse model showed that 4-OI via tail vein injection (10 mg/kg/day for six consecutive days) could reduce skin damage induced by UVB (400 mJ/cm2/day for five consecutive days). In conclusion, 4-OI can protect melanocytes and keratinocytes from UVB-induced apoptosis by Nrf2 activation-dependent ROS inhibition and can potentially treat skin disorders associated with oxidative stress, such as vitiligo.
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Chen J, Li G, Sun C, Peng F, Yu L, Chen Y, Tan Y, Cao X, Tang Y, Xie X, Peng C. Chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of Quercitrin. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1545-1575. [PMID: 35253930 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quercitrin is a naturally available type of flavonoid that commonly functions as the dietary ingredient and supplement. So far, a wide spectrum of bioactivities of quercitrin have been revealed, including antioxidative stress, antiinflammation, anti-microorganisms, immunomodulation, analgesia, wound healing, and vasodilation. Based on these various pharmacological activities, increasing studies have focused on the potency of quercitrin in diverse diseases in recent years, such as bone metabolic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and others. In this paper, by collecting and summarizing publications from the recent years, the natural sources, pharmacological activities and roles in various diseases, pharmacokinetics, structure-activity relationship, as well as the toxicity of quercitrin were systematically reviewed. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanisms of quercitrin in treating related diseases, the dose-effect relationships, and the novel preparations were discussed on the purpose of broadening the application prospect of quercitrin as functional food and providing reference for its clinical application. Notably, clinical studies of quercitrin are insufficient at present, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of quercitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junren Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gangmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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20
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Hyperoside and Quercitrin in Houttuynia cordata Extract Attenuate UVB-Induced Human Keratinocyte Cell Damage and Oxidative Stress via Modulation of MAPKs and Akt Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020221. [PMID: 35204104 PMCID: PMC8868276 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation is a major environmental harmful factor on human skin. In this paper, we investigate the potential mechanism of Houttuynia cordata extract on UVB-induced HaCaT keratinocyte cell death and inflammation. We found that Houttuynia cordata ethyl acetate extract fraction (HC-EA) protected against UVB-induced cell damage. The HPLC results indicate that quercitrin and hyperoside are the major polyphenolics in HC-EA and are responsible for providing protection against UVB-induced cell death. These responses were associated with the regulation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, which rescued HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis. In addition, HC-EA, quercitrin, and hyperoside attenuated UVB-induced inflammatory mediators, including IL-6, IL-8, COX-2, and iNOS. Furthermore, the treatment of cells with HC-EA and its active compounds abolished intracellular ROS and increased levels of heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase. UVB-induced ROS production mediated Akt and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways, including p38, ERK, and JNK. Our results show HC-EA, quercitrin, and hyperoside decreased UVB-induced p38 and JNK phosphorylation, while increasing ERK and Akt phosphorylation. MAPKs and Akt mediated cell survival and death were confirmed by specific inhibitors to Akt and MAPKs. Thus, HC-EA, which contains quercitrin and hyperoside, protected keratinocyte from UVB-induced oxidative damage and inflammation through the modulation of MAPKs and Akt signaling.
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Zhang C, Zhang H, Ge J, Mi T, Cui X, Tu F, Gu X, Zeng T, Chen L. Landscape dynamic network biomarker analysis reveals the tipping point of transcriptome reprogramming to prevent skin photodamage. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 13:822-833. [PMID: 34609489 PMCID: PMC8782598 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin, as the outmost layer of human body, is frequently exposed to environmental stressors including pollutants and ultraviolet (UV), which could lead to skin disorders. Generally, skin response process to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is a nonlinear dynamic process, with unknown underlying molecular mechanism of critical transition. Here, the landscape dynamic network biomarker (l-DNB) analysis of time series transcriptome data on 3D skin model was conducted to reveal the complicated process of skin response to UV irradiation at both molecular and network levels. The advanced l-DNB analysis approach showed that: (i) there was a tipping point before critical transition state during pigmentation process, validated by 3D skin model; (ii) 13 core DNB genes were identified to detect the tipping point as a network biomarker, supported by computational assessment; (iii) core DNB genes such as COL7A1 and CTNNB1 can effectively predict skin lightening, validated by independent human skin data. Overall, this study provides new insights for skin response to repetitive UVB irradiation, including dynamic pathway pattern, biphasic response, and DNBs for skin lightening change, and enables us to further understand the skin resilience process after external stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Unilever Research & Development Centre Shanghai, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Jing Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tingyan Mi
- Unilever Research & Development Centre Shanghai, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Unilever Research & Development Centre Shanghai, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Fengjuan Tu
- Unilever Research & Development Centre Shanghai, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Xuelan Gu
- Unilever Research & Development Centre Shanghai, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519031, China
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22
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Fitriansyah SN, Hartati R, Fidrianny I. Effect of Different Solvent on Phytochemical Content, Tyrosinase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Campolay (Pouteria campechiana kunth. [Baehni.]). Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pouteria campechiana leaves are reported to have phenol and flavonoid compounds. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds can act as tyrosinase inhibitor and antioxidant.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare phytochemical content, tyrosinase inhibition, antioxidant activities, and determine of marker compound from P. campechiana leaves extract with different polarities solvent.
METHODS: In addition, the content of marker compound from P. campechaina leaves extract was determined by HPLC.
RESULTS: The highest total phenolic content (TPC) 7.83 GAE/100 g extract, IC50 of tyrosinase 171.512 ± 1.352 and IC50 of DPPH 0.968 ± 0.008 was given by ethanolic extract (DE). Meanwhile ethyl acetate extract (DEA) had the highest of total flavonoid content 2.544 ± 0.554 QEA/100 g extract. The TPC correlated with tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity.
CONCLUSION: Quercitrin was as marker compound from P. campechiana leaves extract, and quercitrin content in the DEA of P. campechiana leaves was 3.539%, while in the DE was 0.153%.
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23
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Rivera-Yañez CR, Ruiz-Hurtado PA, Mendoza-Ramos MI, Reyes-Reali J, García-Romo GS, Pozo-Molina G, Reséndiz-Albor AA, Nieto-Yañez O, Méndez-Cruz AR, Méndez-Catalá CF, Rivera-Yañez N. Flavonoids Present in Propolis in the Battle against Photoaging and Psoriasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122014. [PMID: 34943117 PMCID: PMC8698766 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the main external organ. It protects against different types of potentially harmful agents, such as pathogens, or physical factors, such as radiation. Skin disorders are very diverse, and some of them lack adequate and accessible treatment. The photoaging of the skin is a problem of great relevance since it is related to the development of cancer, while psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes scaly skin lesions and deterioration of the lifestyle of people affected. These diseases affect the patient's health and quality of life, so alternatives have been sought that improve the treatment for these diseases. This review focuses on describing the properties and benefits of flavonoids from propolis against these diseases. The information collected shows that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids play a crucial role in the control and regulation of the cellular and biochemical alterations caused by these diseases; moreover, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and isoflavones contained in different worldwide propolis samples are the types of flavonoids usually evaluated in both diseases. Therefore, the research carried out in the area of dermatology with bioactive compounds of different origins is of great relevance to developing preventive and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rebeca Rivera-Yañez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
| | - Porfirio Alonso Ruiz-Hurtado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Farmacia, IPN, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Wilfrido Massieu, Gustavo A. Madero 07738, Mexico;
| | - María Isabel Mendoza-Ramos
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Julia Reyes-Reali
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Gina Stella García-Romo
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Glustein Pozo-Molina
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Aldo Arturo Reséndiz-Albor
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón y Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Nieto-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
| | - Adolfo René Méndez-Cruz
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Claudia Fabiola Méndez-Catalá
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.F.M.-C.); (N.R.-Y.); Tel.: +52-5522-476-721 (N.R.-Y.)
| | - Nelly Rivera-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.I.M.-R.); (J.R.-R.); (G.S.G.-R.); (G.P.-M.); (O.N.-Y.); (A.R.M.-C.)
- División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.F.M.-C.); (N.R.-Y.); Tel.: +52-5522-476-721 (N.R.-Y.)
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24
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Yin Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang X. Roles of extracellular vesicles in the aging microenvironment and age-related diseases. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12154. [PMID: 34609061 PMCID: PMC8491204 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a persistently hypoproliferative state with diverse stressors in a specific aging microenvironment. Senescent cells have a double-edged sword effect: they can be physiologically beneficial for tissue repair, organ growth, and body homeostasis, and they can be pathologically harmful in age-related diseases. Among the hallmarks of senescence, the SASP, especially SASP-related extracellular vesicle (EV) signalling, plays the leading role in aging transmission via paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. EVs are successful in intercellular and interorgan communication in the aging microenvironment and age-related diseases. They have detrimental effects on downstream targets at the levels of immunity, inflammation, gene expression, and metabolism. Furthermore, EVs obtained from different donors are also promising materials and tools for antiaging treatments and are used for regeneration and rejuvenation in cell-free systems. Here, we describe the characteristics of cellular senescence and the aging microenvironment, concentrating on the production and function of EVs in age-related diseases, and provide new ideas for antiaging therapy with EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Huihui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yizhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ludi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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25
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Antioxidant Activity of Spiranthes sinensis and Its Protective Effect against UVB-Induced Skin Fibroblast Damage. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiranthes sinensis (S. sinensis), a species of orchid, is a well-known herb medicine used to treat disorders such as stomachache, diabetes, shingles, and certain inflammatory diseases. Presently, the antioxidant activity of S. sinensis as well as its protective effect on UVB-induced skin injury are unclear. In this study, S. sinensis was extracted with boiling water or 75% (v/v) ethanol, and then its antioxidant composition and antioxidant activity were determined. The protective effects of S. sinensis against UVB-induced damage in human skin fibroblasts (CCD-966SK) were also investigated. Our data showed that the extraction yield of boiling water was higher than that of 75% ethanol. However, compared to the aqueous extracts, the ethanol extracts not only had higher phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents, but also exhibited higher free radical scavenging activity, higher reducing power, and higher ferrous ion-chelating capacity. When fibroblasts were pre-cultured with the water or ethanol extracts of S. sinensis (1500 μg/mL) for 24 h before applying UVB irradiation, the S. sinensis extracts restored 17% to 27% of cell viability compared to a control only irradiated with UVB. Overall, our study suggests that S. sinensis extracts can be used as effective antioxidants and have the potential to protect skin fibroblasts from UVB irradiation.
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26
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Xian D, Guo M, Xu J, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhong J. Current evidence to support the therapeutic potential of flavonoids in oxidative stress-related dermatoses. Redox Rep 2021; 26:134-146. [PMID: 34355664 PMCID: PMC8354022 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1962094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin, as a crucial external defense organ, is more vulnerable to oxidative stress (OS) insult, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated OS in particular. OS results from a redox imbalance caused by various extrinsic stimuli and occurs once the oxidants production overwhelming the antioxidants capacity, through mediating in DNA damage, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein oxidation and a serial of signaling pathways activation/inactivation, thereby offering favorable conditions for the occurrence and development of numerous diseases especially some dermatoses, e.g. psoriasis, vitiligo, skin photodamage, skin cancer, systemic sclerosis (SSc), chloasma, atopic dermatitis (AD), pemphigus, etc. Targeting OS molecular mechanism, a variety of anti-OS agents emerge, in which flavonoids, natural plant extracts, stand out. OBJECTIVES To discuss the possible mechanisms of OS mediating in dermatoses and summarize the properties of flavonoids as well as their applications in OS-related skin disorders. METHODS Published papers on flavonoids and OS-related skin diseases were collected and reviewed via database searching on PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase, etc. RESULTS It has been confirmed that flavonoids, belonging to polyphenols, are a class of plant secondary metabolites widely distributed in various plants and possess diverse bioactivities especially their potent antioxidant capacity. Moreover, flavonoids benefit to suppress OS via eliminating free radicals and mediating the corresponding signals, further excellently working in the prevention and management of OS-related skin diseases. CONCLUSION Flavonoids have the potential therapeutic effects on oxidative stress-related dermatoses. However, more studies on specific mechanism as well as the dosage of flavonoids are needed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehai Xian
- Department of Anatomy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglu Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangmeng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiao Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
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27
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Kunchana K, Jarisarapurin W, Chularojmontri L, Wattanapitayakul SK. Potential Use of Amla ( Phyllanthus emblica L.) Fruit Extract to Protect Skin Keratinocytes from Inflammation and Apoptosis after UVB Irradiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050703. [PMID: 33946757 PMCID: PMC8146754 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure is the primary risk factor for the deadliest type of skin cancer—melanoma. Incorporating natural antioxidants in skin protection products is currently a favored research theme. For this study, we selected Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit extract (PE) to assess its potential use in dermal protection against UVB-induced keratinocyte inflammation and apoptosis. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to investigate PE’s phytochemical constituents (ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin), while ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), total ROS, OH•, O2•−, and H2O2-scavenging activities were used to determine the antioxidant properties. PE significantly increased the cell viability (MTT assay) and reduced apoptosis (Hoechst staining) in HaCaT cells exposed to UVB (40 mJ/cm2). PE abolished oxidative stress by reducing the production of intracellular ROS, O2•− and H2O2 production. Catalase activity (but not superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase activity) was enhanced in keratinocytes incubated with PE prior to UVB exposure. Western blot analysis suggested that PE inhibited cytochrome c release and inhibited the dysregulation of PI3K/Akt without any impact on p38 activation. PE attenuated the inflammatory response to UVB irradiation by inhibiting AP-1, NF-κB, and the mediator PGE2. Thus, PE is a candidate with great potential for use as an active ingredient in skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khwandow Kunchana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand; (K.K.); (W.J.)
| | - Wattanased Jarisarapurin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand; (K.K.); (W.J.)
| | - Linda Chularojmontri
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Suvara K. Wattanapitayakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand; (K.K.); (W.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2649-5385
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28
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A New Insight into the Potential Role of Tryptophan-Derived AhR Ligands in Skin Physiological and Pathological Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031104. [PMID: 33499346 PMCID: PMC7865493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a crucial role in environmental responses and xenobiotic metabolism, as it controls the transcription profiles of several genes in a ligand-specific and cell-type-specific manner. Various barrier tissues, including skin, display the expression of AhR. Recent studies revealed multiple roles of AhR in skin physiology and disease, including melanogenesis, inflammation and cancer. Tryptophan metabolites are distinguished among the groups of natural and synthetic AhR ligands, and these include kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ). Tryptophan derivatives can affect and regulate a variety of signaling pathways. Thus, the interest in how these substances influence physiological and pathological processes in the skin is expanding rapidly. The widespread presence of these substances and potential continuous exposure of the skin to their biological effects indicate the important role of AhR and its ligands in the prevention, pathogenesis and progression of skin diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of AhR in skin physiology. Moreover, we discuss the role of AhR in skin pathological processes, including inflammatory skin diseases, pigmentation disorders and cancer. Finally, the impact of FICZ, kynurenic acid, and kynurenine on physiological and pathological processes in the skin is considered. However, the mechanisms of how AhR regulates skin function require further investigation.
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29
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Pudlarz AM, Czechowska E, S Karbownik M, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Tomaszewska E, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Chabielska E, Gromotowicz-Popławska A, Szemraj J. The effect of immobilized antioxidant enzymes on the oxidative stress in UV-irradiated rat skin. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:23-39. [PMID: 31868116 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) nanoparticles were used to reduce UV radiation-induced oxidative stress in rat skin. Materials & methods: The antioxidant influence of the enzymes was investigated on level of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroksy-2'deoksyguanozine, myeloperoxidase, total antioxidant capacity, SOD2 and CAT activity and expression, and glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity. Results: The application of immobilized SOD and CAT on UV-irradiated skin reduced malondialdehyde and 8-hydroksy-2'deoksyguanozine levels also SOD and CAT activity and expression increased. The tested enzymes influence glutathione peroxidase activity and level of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione. Conclusion: Immobilized enzymes increased the antioxidative potential of skin following UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Czechowska
- Department of Materials Technology & Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, st. Pomorska 163, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał S Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, st. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ranoszek-Soliwoda
- Department of Materials Technology & Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, st. Pomorska 163, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology & Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, st. Pomorska 163, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology & Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, st. Pomorska 163, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology & Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, st. Pomorska 163, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, st. Mickiewicza 2c, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Gromotowicz-Popławska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, st. Mickiewicza 2c, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
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30
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Her Y, Lee TK, Kim JD, Kim B, Sim H, Lee JC, Ahn JH, Park JH, Lee JW, Hong J, Kim SS, Won MH. Topical Application of Aronia melanocarpa Extract Rich in Chlorogenic Acid and Rutin Reduces UVB-Induced Skin Damage via Attenuating Collagen Disruption in Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:E4577. [PMID: 33036412 PMCID: PMC7582310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aronia melanocarpa, a black chokeberry, contains high levels of phenolic acids and polyphenolic flavonoids and displays antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Through high-performance liquid chromatography for extracts from Aronia melanocarpa, we discovered that the extract contained chlorogenic acid and rutin as major ingredients. In this study, we examined the protective effects of the extract against ultraviolet B- (UVB)-induced photodamage in the dorsal skin of institute of cancer research (ICR) mice. Their dorsal skin was exposed to UVB, thereafter; the extract was topically applied once a day for seven days. Photoprotective properties of the extract in the dorsal skin were investigated by clinical skin severity score for skin injury, hematoxylin and eosin staining for histopathology, Masson's trichrome staining for collagens. In addition, we examined change in collagen type I and III, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 by immunohistochemistry. In the UVB-exposed mice treated with the extract, UVB-induced epidermal damage was significantly ameliorated, showing that epidermal thickness was moderated. In these mice, immunoreactivities of collagen type I and III were significantly increased, whereas immunoreactivities of MMP-1 and 3 were significantly decreased compared with those in the UVB-exposed mice. These results indicate that treatment with Aronia melanocarpa extract attenuates UV-induced photodamage by attenuating UVB-induced collagen disruption: these findings might be a result of the chlorogenic acid and rutin contained in the extract. Based on the current results, we suggest that Aronia melanocarpa can be a useful material for developing photoprotective adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Her
- Department of Dermatology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Korea;
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Korea;
| | - Jong Dai Kim
- Division of Food Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea;
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (B.K.); (H.S.); (J.-C.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Hyejin Sim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (B.K.); (H.S.); (J.-C.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (B.K.); (H.S.); (J.-C.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (B.K.); (H.S.); (J.-C.L.); (J.H.A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50510, Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Korea;
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Junkee Hong
- Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Sung-Su Kim
- Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (B.K.); (H.S.); (J.-C.L.); (J.H.A.)
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Phenolic content, chemical composition and anti-/pro-oxidant activity of Gold Milenium and Papierowka apple peel extracts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14951. [PMID: 32917912 PMCID: PMC7486935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study the peels of ecologically grown apple (Malus domestica) cultivars: Gold Milenium (a new scab‐resistant variety) and Papierowka (Papirovka; an old, sensitive to apple scab variety) were examined for their composition (phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, simple organic acids, macro-, microelements, reducing sugars, l-ascorbic acid), pro- and antioxidant properties as well as their application in reduction of the oxidative stress in cultured human skin fibroblast. The higher content of phenolic compounds correlated with the greater pro- and antioxidant activity of the peels of Papierowka compared to Gold Milenium in DPPH·, ABTS+, FRAP and CUPRAC assays as well as an ability to inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The quantity of the compounds strongly depended on the type of extraction. The extract of Papierowka peels possessed much higher amount of phenolic compounds compared to Gold Milenium (Papierowka: 3.68 ± 0.20 mg/g peel ultrasound assisted extraction (u.a.e); 2.02 ± 0.13 mg/g peel conventional extraction (c.e.); Gold Milenium: 1.46 ± 0.19 mg/g peel u.a.e; 1.15 ± 0.04 mg/g peel c.e. according the HPLC measurement). The pro-oxidant activity of the extract from Papierowka peels can be correlated with the content of phenolic compounds and metal ions as well. The apple peel extract is promising agent reducing the oxidative stress in skin fibroblast.
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Kim J, Kim SR, Choi YH, Shin JY, Kim CD, Kang NG, Park BC, Lee S. Quercitrin Stimulates Hair Growth with Enhanced Expression of Growth Factors via Activation of MAPK/CREB Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174004. [PMID: 32887384 PMCID: PMC7504764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of quercitrin, a major constituent of Hottuynia cordata extract, for its hair growth stimulating activities in cultured human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Quercitrin enhanced the cell viability and cellular energy metabolism in cultured hDPCs by stimulating the production of NAD(P)H and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). The expression of Bcl2, an essential marker for anagen hair follicle and cell survival, was increased by quercitrin treatment. Quercitrin also increased the cell proliferation marker Ki67. The expression of growth factors—such as bFGF, KGF, PDGF-AA, and VEGF—were increased by quercitrin both in mRNA and protein levels. In addition, quercitrin was found to increase the phosphorylation of Akt, Erk, and CREB in cultured hDPCs, while inhibitors of MAPKs reversed the effects of quercitrin. Finally, quercitrin stimulated hair shaft growth in cultured human hair follicles. Our data obtained from present study are in line with those previously reported and demonstrate that quercitrin is (one of) the active compound(s) of Hottuynia cordata extract which showed hair growth promoting effects. It is strongly suggested that the hair growth stimulating activity of quercitrin was exerted by enhancing the cellular energy metabolism, increasing the production of growth factors via activation of MAPK/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoon Kim
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.y.S.); (N.-G.K.)
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Deajeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Soon Re Kim
- Basic and clinical Hair institute, Dankook University, 201, Manghyang-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Korea; (S.R.K.); (B.C.P.)
| | - Yun-Ho Choi
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.y.S.); (N.-G.K.)
| | - Jae young Shin
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.y.S.); (N.-G.K.)
| | - Chang Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Deajeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Nae-Gyu Kang
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.y.S.); (N.-G.K.)
| | - Byung Cheol Park
- Basic and clinical Hair institute, Dankook University, 201, Manghyang-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Korea; (S.R.K.); (B.C.P.)
- Department of Dermatology, Dankook University Hospital, 201, Manghyang-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.y.S.); (N.-G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-6980-1210
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Garg C, Sharma H, Garg M. Skin photo-protection with phytochemicals against photo-oxidative stress, photo-carcinogenesis, signal transduction pathways and extracellular matrix remodeling-An overview. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101127. [PMID: 32721499 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Excessive exposure of skin to UV radiation triggers the generation of oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression, apoptosis, matrix-metalloproteases production, and DNA mutations leading to the onset of photo ageing and photo-carcinogenesis. At the molecular level, these changes occur via activation of several protein kinases as well as transcription pathways, formation of reactive oxygen species, and release of cytokines, interleukins and prostaglandins together. Current therapies available on the market only provide limited solutions and exhibit several side effects. The present paper provides insight into scientific studies that have elucidated the positive role of phytochemicals in counteracting the UV-induced depletion of antioxidant enzymes, increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation, DNA mutations, increased senescence, dysfunctional apoptosis and immune suppression. The contribution of phytochemicals to the downregulation of expression of oxidative-stress sensitive transcription factors (Nrf2, NF-Kb, AP-1 and p53) and protein kinases (MSK, ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, p90RSK2 and CaMKs) involved in inflammation, apoptosis, immune suppression, extracellular matrix remodelling, senescence, photo ageing and photo-carcinogenesis, is also discussed. Conclusively, several phytochemicals hold potential for the development of a viable solution against UV irradiation-mediated photo ageing, photo-carcinogenesis and related manifestations.
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Salem MA, Radwan RA, Mostafa ES, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Ezzat SM. Using an UPLC/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach for assessing the antioxidant capacity and anti-aging potential of selected herbs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31511-31524. [PMID: 35520633 PMCID: PMC9056420 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06047j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an unavoidable fate that afflicts all life, during this process in mammals reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated which stimulate tyrosinase, elastase and collagenase activities that actively participate in skin aging. Therefore, the maintenance of antioxidant homeostasis is an important anti-aging strategy for skin. Nature has excellent anti-aging remedies that act externally as well as internally to delay the visual signs of aging. In view of this fact, the present study investigates the in vitro anti-aging activity of five medicinal plants belonging to phenolic rich families namely Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Camellia sinensis and Pelargonium graveolens. The selected plants are those most frequently used in the preparation of ethnomedicinal recipes for the prevention or treatment of aging. The inhibitory effects of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the five selected plants on the activity of tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase enzymes were investigated. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the plants and the antioxidant capacity of their extracts were assessed. The results showed that R. officinalis had the highest total phenolics content which was correlated with its potent antioxidant and anti-aging activities. To pinpoint the active metabolites in the tested extracts, we evaluated the metabolite variations using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-ESI-MS/MS). Multivariate data analysis (MVDA) revealed that R. officinalis significantly accumulated metabolites from the aromatic diterpenoid, flavonoid and phenolic acid classes. These results indicate that rosemary can be used for further development of topical preparations with anti-aging properties. Aging is an unavoidable fate that afflicts all life, during this process in mammals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated which stimulate tyrosinase, elastase and collagenase activities that actively participate in skin aging.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University Gamal Abd El Nasr St. Shibin Elkom 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Rasha Ali Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University East Kantara Branch New City El Ismailia 41611 Egypt
| | - Eman Sherien Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) Giza 12451 Egypt +20-120-000-4301
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany .,Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany .,Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) Giza 12451 Egypt +20-120-000-4301.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
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Kwak CS, Yang J, Shin CY, Chung JH. Rosa multiflora Thunb Flower Extract Attenuates Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Skin Cells and Hairless Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:988-997. [PMID: 32721259 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol extract (RET) of Rosa multiflora Thunb flowers and its subfractions in ethylacetate (REA) or n-butanol subfractions (RBT) were reported to have potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated if those Rosa multiflora flower (RMF) extracts prevent ultraviolet (UV)-induced biochemical damages leading to photoaging. In keratinocyte or dermal fibroblasts, RET, REA, and RBT treatments with UV irradiation significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 levels through suppression of nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases. In the animal experiment, mice were orally supplemented with RET (RET group) or REA and RBT mixture (RM group) for 10 weeks, concomitantly with UV exposure. Tumor necrosis factor alpha production and MMP-13 expression were reduced in the mouse skin of RET and RM groups compared with those in the UV control (UVC) group. UV-induced IL-6 production and epidermal thickening were reduced in RM group compared with those in UVC group. Eight phenolic compounds, including quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside), were identified in RMF extracts. Quercitrin treatment to dermal fibroblasts significantly attenuated an increase of MMP-1 expression and a decrease of type I procollagen expression caused by UV. Collectively, RMF extracts showed protective effects from UV-induced photoaging in the skin through suppression of ROS generation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and MMP expression. Quercitrin is suggested to be one of the effective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Shil Kwak
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Yang
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Yup Shin
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Czaja A, Czubaszek A, Wyspiańska D, Sokół‐Łętowska A, Kucharska AZ. Quality of wheat bread enriched with onion extract and polyphenols content and antioxidant activity changes during bread storage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czaja
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences J. Chełmoński St. 37 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Anna Czubaszek
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences J. Chełmoński St. 37 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Dorota Wyspiańska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences J. Chełmoński St. 37 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Anna Sokół‐Łętowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences J. Chełmoński St. 37 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences J. Chełmoński St. 37 51‐630 Wrocław Poland
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The β-Blocker Carvedilol Prevented Ultraviolet-Mediated Damage of Murine Epidermal Cells and 3D Human Reconstructed Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030798. [PMID: 31991834 PMCID: PMC7037760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-blocker carvedilol prevents ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer, but the mechanism is unknown. Since carvedilol possesses antioxidant activity, this study investigated whether carvedilol prevents oxidative photodamage of skin, a precursor event in skin carcinogenesis. The effects of carvedilol, metoprolol (a β-blocker without antioxidant property), and 4-hydroxycarbazole (4-OHC, a carvedilol synthesis intermediate and a free radical scavenger) were compared on UV- or H2O2-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in murine epidermal JB6 P+ cells. Although carvedilol attenuated cell death, metoprolol and 4-OHC failed to show protective effects. As expected, increased cellular ROS induced by H2O2 or UV was abolished by carvedilol and 4-OHC, but not by metoprolol. Consistently, carvedilol attenuated the formation of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and release of prostaglandin E2 in JB6 P+ cells. Carvedilol's activity was further confirmed in full thickness 3D human reconstituted skin, where carvedilol attenuated UV-mediated epidermal thickening, the number of Ki-67 and p53 positive cells as well as CPD formation. Based on pathway-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Array analysis, carvedilol treatment in many cases normalized UV-induced expression changes in DNA repair genes. Thus, carvedilol's photoprotective activity is not attributed to β-blockade or direct ROS-scavenging capacity, but likely via DNA repair regulation.
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Kim E, Han SY, Hwang K, Kim D, Kim EM, Hossain MA, Kim JH, Cho JY. Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-(3″- O-methyl) Gallate. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163993. [PMID: 31426336 PMCID: PMC6719974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from diverse cellular processes or external sources such as chemicals, pollutants, or ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Accumulation of radicals causes cell damage that can result in degenerative diseases. Antioxidants remove radicals by eliminating unpaired electrons from other molecules. In skin health, antioxidants are essential to protect cells from the environment and prevent skin aging. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-(3″-O-methyl) gallate (3″Me-EGCG) has been found in limited oolong teas or green teas with distinctive methylated form, but its precise activities have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the antioxidant roles of 3″Me-EGCG in keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). 3″Me-EGCG showed scavenging effects in cell and cell-free systems. Under H2O2 exposure, 3″Me-EGCG recovered cell viability and increased the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Under ultraviolet B (UVB) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) exposure, 3″Me-EGCG protected keratinocytes and regulated the survival protein AKT1. By regulating the AKT1/NF-κB pathway, 3″Me-EGCG augmented cell survival and proliferation in HaCaT cells. These results indicate that 3″Me-EGCG exhibits antioxidant properties, resulting in cytoprotection against various external stimuli. In conclusion, our findings suggest that 3″Me-EGCG can be used as an ingredient of cosmetic products or health supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin 17028, Korea
| | - Kyeonghwan Hwang
- Basic Research & Innovation vision, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation vision, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation vision, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | | | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Nagapan TS, Lim WN, Basri DF, Ghazali AR. Oral supplementation of L-glutathione prevents ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice. Exp Anim 2019; 68:541-548. [PMID: 31243189 PMCID: PMC6842793 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary antioxidant supplements such as L-glutathione have gained considerable attention
in dermatology and cosmeceutical fields. L-glutathione possesses antiaging,
antimelanogenic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate
the inhibitory effects of L-glutathione on melanogenesis activity and oxidative stress in
ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated BALB/c mice. Eighteen female BALB/c mice were randomly
divided into 3 groups: a control group (n=6), a group without UVB irradiation and
L-glutathione administration; a UVB irradiated group (n=6), a group irradiated with a UVB
dose of 250 mJ/cm2 for 3 min; and a treatment group (n=6), a group irradiated
with UVB and treated with 100 mg/kg of L-glutathione by oral gavage. Treatment was given
for 14 days, and UVB irradiation was given on days 9, 11, and 13. Oral L-glutathione
significantly (P<0.05) reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated
superoxide dismutase activity the and glutathione level. L-glutathione also inhibited
melanin content and tyrosinase activity significantly (P<0.05) as
compared with the UVB-irradiated group. Histopathological examination also showed that
L-glutathione reduced the deposition of melanin pigment in the basal layer of the
epidermis as compared with that in UVB-irradiated mice. All in all, the present study
demonstrated that L-glutathione has the potential to be developed as a photoprotection
agent against UVB-induced oxidative stress and melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tava Shelan Nagapan
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wenna Nallance Lim
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Fredalina Basri
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rohi Ghazali
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Unraveling the molecular mechanisms and the potential chemopreventive/therapeutic properties of natural compounds in melanoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:266-282. [PMID: 31233829 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most fatal form of skin cancer. Current therapeutic approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. However, these treatment strategies are associated with development of drug resistance and severe side effects. In recent years, natural compounds have also been extensively studied for their anti-melanoma effects, including tumor growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, angiogenesis and metastasis suppression and cancer stem cell elimination. Moreover, a considerable number of studies reported the synergistic activity of phytochemicals and standard anti-melanoma agents, as well as the enhanced effectiveness of their synthetic derivatives and novel formulations. However, clinical data confirming these promising effects in patients are still scanty. This review emphasizes the anti-tumor mechanisms and potential application of the most studied natural products for melanoma prevention and treatment.
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Santhakumaran I, Shanuja SK, Narayanaswamy R, Gnanamani A. Asperyellone prevents HDF cells from UVB irradiation damages: An elaborated study. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7560-7572. [PMID: 30548661 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The current study explores the photo-protective effect of asperyellone (AY) (a fungal secondary metabolite), assessed under in vitro condition using human dermal fibroblast cell line. AY was isolated from Aspergillus sp. during the resting phase and purified. The initial cytocompatibility assessment on concentrations of AY and the duration of exposure of UVB irradiations were studied respectively. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) was used as positive control. Cells were then pretreated with optimized concentration of AY (2.0 μM) and NAC (1 mM) for 1 hour and then UVB irradiated (30 mJ/cm 2 ) for the period of 10 minutes. Results revealed that reactive oxygen species generated upon UVB irradiation found scavenged by the AY pretreatment at a significant level. Furthermore, an appreciable reduction in apoptotic cell count and DNA damages support the scavenging effect of AY. Assessments on the expression of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants evidently prove the protective role of AY. The reduced expression levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α and COX-2), collagen degraders (MMP 2 and MMP 9), apoptotic protein expressions (Bax and Bcl-2), and cell-cycle arrest analyses substantiate the photo-protective effect of AY similar to NAC (positive control). Thus, the observations made in the current study indicate the possible role of AY as a photo-protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Radhakrishnan Narayanaswamy
- Bio Waste Management Laboratory, Vel Tech Technology Incubator, Veltech Dr. RR & Dr. SR University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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43
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Antioxidant Peptide AOP-P1 Derived from Odorous Frog Showed Protective Effects Against UVB-Induced Skin Damages. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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44
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Eftekhari-Kenzerki Z, Fardid R, Behzad-Behbahani A. Impact of Silver Nanoparticles on the Ultraviolet Radiation Direct and Bystander Effects on TK6 Cell Line. J Med Phys 2019; 44:118-125. [PMID: 31359930 PMCID: PMC6580818 DOI: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_111_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM Ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation is harmful to cells and living organisms that cause direct and indirect DNA damage. UVC can also increase the inflammatory genes expression such as COX-2 that results in elevated oxidative stress that plays a role in radiation-induced bystander effect (BSE). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have used widely in commercial and medical products and the toxicological risks of AgNPs must be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and BSEs of UVC radiation and AgNPs on TK6 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS TK6 cells were exposed to AgNPs (10 μg/ml, 1 h). Then, they were exposed to UVC and to determine the BSEs of radiation, the irradiated cells media were transferred to nonirradiated cells. Expression level of H2AX and COX-2 mRNAs were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and 8-OHdG formation was examined by ELISA. The cell viability examined by MTT assay. RESULTS P < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance. The results showed that the mean expression level of H2AX mRNA in the AgNPs + UVC group increased significantly in comparison with UVC group. 8-OHdG increased significantly in the BSE of UV group in comparison with sham control of BSE. COX-2 mRNA increased significantly in the BSE of AgNPs + UVC with sham control in BSE. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed the induced DNA damage in TK6 cell by AgNPs and UVC radiation and also were seen BSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Eftekhari-Kenzerki
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fardid
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and NonIonizing Radiation Protection Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Behzad-Behbahani
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Bentley J, Moore JP, Farrant JM. Metabolomics as a complement to phylogenetics for assessing intraspecific boundaries in the desiccation-tolerant medicinal shrub Myrothamnus flabellifolia (Myrothamnaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:127-136. [PMID: 30611872 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The desiccation-tolerant shrub Myrothamnus flabellifolia has colonised a unique and harsh niche that provides little protection from the elements. It has a wide distribution range in southern Africa, occurring across an environmental gradient that is exceptionally arid in the southwest and highly mesic in the northeast. It is also harvested for use in medicinal preparations, both traditionally and commercially. However, the phytochemical variability of plants from different rainfall regions has not been assessed, nor have the intraspecific relationships been evaluated by means of a rigorously tested phylogeny. The aims of the present study were thus (1) to test a phylogenetic hypothesis for intraspecific relationships in M. flabellifolia; (2) to assess, based on the global metabolomic profiles, whether accessions collected from the three different geographic locations in southern Africa across a rainfall gradient can be differentiated, and if this corroborates the phylogenetic signature; and (3) with the aid of multivariate statistical analysis, identify and evaluate the most significant discriminatory metabolites between the three sampled regions that could act as potential barcodes. The results show that the phylogenetic and metabolomic signatures were congruent, and the metabolomic data were better able to discriminate the different populations collected from the three regions. Several potential barcodes for discriminating the material from the three regions are proposed. Quercetin-rhamnoside and 3-O-methylquercetin, both significant antioxidants, were present at significantly higher quantities in the material from the driest region in the west than from the more mesic regions in the south and east, whereas quercetin-3-O-glucuronide was significantly higher in the latter. A naringenin-like compound or arbutin derivative could discriminate the southern samples from the eastern samples, whereas digalloylglucose differentiated the eastern samples from the southern samples. In summary, the findings of this study imply that the origin of the material should be considered when used in medicinal and cosmetic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bentley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - John P Moore
- Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Jill M Farrant
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Takshak S, Agrawal SB. Defense potential of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants under UV-B stress. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 193:51-88. [PMID: 30818154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has, for many decades now, been widely studied with respect to its consequences on plant and animal health. Though according to NASA, the ozone hole is on its way to recovery, it will still be a considerable time before UV-B levels reach pre-industrial limits. Thus, for the present, excessive UV-B reaching the Earth is a cause for concern, and UV-B related human ailments are on the rise. Plants produce various secondary metabolites as one of the defense strategies under UV-B. They provide photoprotection via their UV-B screening effects and by quenching the reactive oxygen- and nitrogen species produced under UV-B influence. These properties of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are being increasingly recognized and made use of in sunscreens and cosmetics, and pharma- and nutraceuticals are gradually becoming a part of the regular diet. Secondary metabolites derived from medicinal plants (alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolics) are a source of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, as well as more rigorously tested and regulated drugs. These metabolites have been implicated in providing protection not only to plants under the influence of UV-B, but also to animals/animal cell lines, when the innate defenses in the latter are not adequate under UV-B-induced damage. The present review focuses on the defense potential of secondary metabolites derived from medicinal plants in both plants and animals. In plants, the concentrations of the alkaloids, terpenes/terpenoids, and phenolics have been discussed under UV-B irradiation as well as the fate of the genes and enzymes involved in their biosynthetic pathways. Their role in providing protection to animal models subjected to UV-B has been subsequently elucidated. Finally, we discuss the possible futuristic scenarios and implications for plant, animal, and human health pertaining to the defense potential of these secondary metabolites under UV-B radiation-mediated damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swabha Takshak
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - S B Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
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Estrella-Parra EA, Espinosa-González AM, García-Bores AM, Zamora-Salas SX, Benítez-Flores JC, González-Valle MR, Hernández-Delgado CT, Peñalosa-Castro I, Avila-Acevedo JG. Flavonol glycosides in Dyssodia tagetiflora and its temporal variation, chemoprotective and ameliorating activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:411-422. [PMID: 30576709 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dyssodia tagetiflora is known as 'Tzaracata' and 'flor de muerto'. Recently, D. tagetiflora has been reported to have antioxidant activities in its polar extracts as well as insecticidal activities. Hyperoside (1), avicularin (2) and avicularin acetate (3) have been isolated previously. However, the temporary variation in glycoside flavonoids biosynthesis, as well as antibacterial and chemoprotective activities, have not been reported. The amount of 1, 2 and 3 in the different collections was characterized by HPLC-MS. Two new C-glycosides were characterized, quercetin-4'-methyl ether 6-C glucoside (A1) and quercetin-4'-methyl ether 8-C glucoside (A2), as well as [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2,6-dicarboxylate (A3). This is the first report of the presence of C-C flavonoid glycosides compounds in the genus Dyssodia. Hyperoside was the majority compound at all collections. The methanolic extracts of August 2016 and October 2017 were active against Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtillis. The methanolic extract has chemoprotective effects because, when applied topically in SKH-1 mice, it decreases the severity of epidermal damage induced by acute exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In addition, cutaneous photocarcinogenesis was decreased in mice treated with the extract. The methanolic extract of D. tagetiflora has chemoprotective properties by decreasing the damage caused by acute and chronic exposure to UV in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Estrella-Parra
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - A M Espinosa-González
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - A M García-Bores
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - S X Zamora-Salas
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - J C Benítez-Flores
- Laboratorio de Histología, UMF, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Edo. de México, México
| | - M R González-Valle
- Laboratorio de Histología, UMF, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Edo. de México, México
| | - C T Hernández-Delgado
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia, UBIPRO, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - I Peñalosa-Castro
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - J G Avila-Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Unidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
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Kim JH, Quilantang NG, Kim HY, Lee S, Cho EJ. Attenuation of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by three flavonoids from Acer okamotoanum. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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49
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Yin Y, Meng F, Sui C, Jiang Y, Zhang L. Arsenic enhances cell death and
DNA
damage induced by ultraviolet B exposure in mouse epidermal cells through the production of reactive oxygen species. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 44:512-519. [PMID: 30456849 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Yin
- Cancer Institute The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - F. Meng
- Cancer Institute The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - C. Sui
- Cancer Institute The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Y. Jiang
- Cancer Institute The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - L. Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
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50
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Kumar JP, Alam S, Jain AK, Ansari KM, Mandal BB. Protective Activity of Silk Sericin against UV Radiation-Induced Skin Damage by Downregulating Oxidative Stress. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:2120-2132. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jadi Praveen Kumar
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati781039, Assam, India
| | | | | | | | - Biman B. Mandal
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati781039, Assam, India
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