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Chen X, Tu Q, Zhao W, Lin X, Chen Z, Li B, Zhang Y. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural mediated developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114738. [PMID: 38754806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylfurfural is a common byproduct in food. However, its effect on growth and development remains incompletely understood. This study investigated the developmental toxicity of 5-HMF to Drosophila larvae. The growth and development of Drosophila melanogaster fed with 5-50 mM 5-HMF was monitored, and its possible mechanism was explored. It was found that 5-HMF prolonged the developmental cycle of Drosophila melanogaster (25 mM and 50 mM). After 5-HMF intake, the level of reactive oxygen species in the third instar larvae increased by 1.23-1.40 fold, which increased the level of malondialdehyde and caused changes in antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 antioxidant signaling pathway and the expression of heat shock protein genes were affected. At the same time, 5-HMF disrupted the glucose and lipid metabolism in the third instar larvae, influencing the expression level of key genes in the insulin signal pathway. Furthermore, 5-HMF led to intestinal oxidative stress, and up-regulated the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, consequently impacting intestinal health. In short, 5-HMF causes oxidative stress, disturbs glucose and lipid metabolism and induces intestinal damage, damaging related signaling pathways, and ultimately affecting the development of Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunlin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qinghui Tu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenzheng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Han Y, Cheng S, Guo F, Xiong J, Ji L. Mechanistic and predictive studies on the oxidation of furans by cytochrome P450: A DFT study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116460. [PMID: 38781888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Furan-containing compounds distribute widely in food, herbal medicines, industrial synthetic products, and environmental media. These compounds can undergo oxidative metabolism catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) within organisms, which may produce reactive products, possibly reacting with biomolecules to induce toxic effects. In this work, we performed DFT calculations to investigate the CYP450-mediated metabolic mechanism of furan-ring oxidation using 2-methylfuran as a model substrate, meanwhile, we studied the regioselective competition of another hydroxylation reaction involving methyl group of 2-methylfuran. As a result, we found the toxicological-relevant cis-enedione product can be produced from O-addition directly via a concerted manner without formation of an epoxide intermediate as traditionally believed. Moreover, our calculations demonstrate the kinetic and thermodynamic feasibility of both furan-ring oxidation and methyl hydroxylation pathways, although the former pathway is a bit more favorable. We then constructed a linear model to predict the rate-limiting activation energies (ΔE*) of O-addition with 11 diverse furan substates based on their adiabatic ionization potentials (AIPs) and condensation Fukui functions (CFFs). The results show a good predictive ability (R2=0.94, Q2CV=0.87). Therefore, AIP and CFF with clear physichem meanings relevant to the mechanism, emerge as pivotal molecular descriptors to enable the fast prediction of furan-ring oxidation reactivities for quick insight into the toxicological risk of furans, using just ground-state calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Han
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shiyang Cheng
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Fangjie Guo
- School of Management Engineering and Electronic Commerce, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jibing Xiong
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Li Ji
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural induces mice frailty through cell senescence-associated sarcopenia caused by chronic inflammation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13217. [PMID: 36793951 PMCID: PMC9922977 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is an important component of air pollution, confirmed to be a risk factor for pulmonary inflammation. However, its association with general health is unknown. This article aimed to clarify the effect and mechanism of 5-HMF in the occurrence and aggravation of frailty in mice by investigating whether exposure to 5-HMF was linked to the occurrence and aggravation of mice frailty. Methods Twelve male C57BL/6 mice (12-month-old, 38 ± 1 g) were randomly divided into the control group and the 5-HMF group. The 5-HMF group was treated with 5-HMF (1 mg/kg/day, respiratory exposure) for 12 months, whereas the control group was treated with equal amounts of sterile water. After the intervention, the ELISA method was used to detect the serum inflammation level of the mice, and the physical performance and frail status were evaluated using a Fried physical phenotype-based assessment tool. The differences in the body compositions were calculated from their MRI images, and the pathological changes in their gastrocnemius muscle were revealed using the H&E staining. Furthermore, the senescence of skeletal muscle cells was evaluated by measuring the expression levels of senescence-related proteins by the western blotting. Results In the 5-HMF group, serum inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP levels were significantly raised (p < 0.01). Mice in this group had higher frailty scores and significantly reduced grip strength (p < 0.001), slower weight gains, less WVgastrocnemius muscle masses, and lower sarcopenia indices (SI). In addition, the cross-sectional areas of their skeletal muscles were reduced, and the levels of their cell senescence-related proteins (p53, p21, p16, SOD1, SOD2, SIRT1, SIRT3) were considerably altered (p < 0.01). Conclusion 5-HMF may induce chronic and systemic inflammation, which in turn accelerates the progression of the frailty of mice through cell senescence.
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Vrzal R. Genetic and Enzymatic Characteristics of CYP2A13 in Relation to Lung Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12306. [PMID: 34830188 PMCID: PMC8625632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2A13 is an omitted brother of CYP2A6 that has an important role in the drug metabolism of liver. Due to extrahepatic expression, it has gained less attention than CYP2A6, despite the fact that it plays a significant role in toxicant-induced pulmonary lesions and, therefore, lung cancer. The purpose of this mini-review is to summarize the basic knowledge about this enzyme in relation to the substrates, inhibitors, genetic polymorphisms, and transcriptional regulation that are known so far (September 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Qiu Z, Li G, An T. In vitro toxic synergistic effects of exogenous pollutants-trimethylamine and its metabolites on human respiratory tract cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146915. [PMID: 33872904 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The wide presence of volatile organic amines in atmosphere has been clarified to relate to adverse effects on human respiratory health. However, toxic effects of them on human respiratory tract and their metabiotic mechanism of in vivo transformation have not been elucidated yet. Herein, cell viability and production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) were first investigated during acute exposure of trimethylamine (TMA) to bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE), along with identification of toxic metabolites and metabolic mechanisms of TMA from headspace atmosphere and cell culture. Results showed that cell activity decreased and ROS production increased with raising exposure TMA concentration. Toxic effects may be induced not only by TMA itself, but also more likely by its cellular metabolites. Increased dimethylamine identified in headspace atmosphere and cell solution was the main metabolite of TMA, and methylamine was also confirmed to be a further metabolite. In addition, TMA can also be oxygenated to generate N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N'-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediaminium by N-formylation or hydroxylation, which was considered to be the participation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Overall, we can conclude that respiratory tract cells may produce more toxic metabolites during exposure of toxic organic amines, which together further induce cellular oxidative stress and necrosis. Hence, the environment and health impact of metabolites as well as original parent atmospheric organic amines should be paid more attention in further researches and disease risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Qiu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development (Department of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development (Department of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Juvonen RO, Jokinen EM, Huuskonen J, Kärkkäinen O, Raunio H, Pentikäinen OT. Molecular docking and oxidation kinetics of 3-phenyl coumarin derivatives by human CYP2A13. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1207-1216. [PMID: 33703988 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1898700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CYP2A13 enzyme is expressed in human extrahepatic tissues, while CYP2A6 is a hepatic enzyme. Reactions catalyzed by CYP2A13 activate tobacco-specific nitrosamines and some other toxic xenobiotics in lungs.To compare oxidation characteristics and substrate-enzyme active site interactions in CYP2A13 vs CYP2A6, we evaluated CYP2A13 mediated oxidation characteristics of 23 coumarin derivatives and modelled their interactions at the enzyme active site.CYP2A13 did not oxidize six coumarin derivatives to corresponding fluorescent 7-hydroxycoumarins. The Km-values of the other coumarins varied 0.85-97 µM, Vmax-values of the oxidation reaction varied 0.25-60 min-1, and intrinsic clearance varied 26-6190 kL/min*mol CYP2A13). Km of 6-chloro-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-coumarin was 0.85 (0.55-1.15 95% confidence limit) µM and Vmax 0.25 (0.23-0.26) min-1, whereas Km of 6-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-coumarin was 10.9 (9.9-11.8) µM and Vmax 60 (58-63) min-1. Docking analyses demonstrated that 6-chloro or 6-methoxy and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) or 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl) substituents of coumarin increased affinity to CYP2A13, whereas 3-triazole or 3-(3-acetate phenyl) or 3-(4-acetate phenyl) substituents decreased it.The active site of CYP2A13 accepts more diversified types of coumarin substrates than the hepatic CYP2A6 enzyme. New sensitive and convenient profluorescent CYP2A13 substrates were identified, such as 6-chloro-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-coumarin having high affinity and 6-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-coumarin with high intrinsic clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto O Juvonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elmeri M Jokinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Huuskonen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Raunio
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli T Pentikäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.,University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland
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Hou YN, Wang YR, Zheng CH, Feng K. Biotransformation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran by Ganoderma sessile and toxicological assessment of both compounds. AMB Express 2020; 10:88. [PMID: 32394214 PMCID: PMC7214591 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation has the advantages of low cost and environmental protection and is a preferred method for production of compounds. At present, most 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF) is synthesized by chemical methods. In this study, 12.008 μg/mL DHMF was produced from 9.045 μg/mL 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) with a yield of 1.33 g/g using the crude enzymes from fungus Ganoderma sessile. To elucidate the toxic potential for both compounds, cytotoxicity tests and acute toxicity were evaluated respectively. 5-HMF induced weak cytotoxicity in HCT-8, A549 and SGC-7901 cells and DHMF exerted no cytotoxicity on HCT-8 while induced inhibition proliferation of A549 and SGC-7901 cells. The acute toxicity study showed no mortality happened in any group even at the single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. These results suggest it is feasible to convert 5-HMF to DHMF via crude enzymes from fungus G. sessile under mild condition, and that DHMF displays a potential effect of antitumor in vitro with little acute toxicity.
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Xu T, Li X, Leng T, Zhuang T, Sun Y, Tang Y, Wang L, Yang M, Ji M. CYP2A13 Acts as the Main Metabolic CYP450s Enzyme for Activating Leonurine in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922149. [PMID: 32284524 PMCID: PMC7174896 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leonurine is an active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Leonurus japonicus. This study aimed to investigate the effects of overexpressed CYP450s on the metabolic activity of leonurine. Material/Methods BEAS-2B cells stably expressing CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A13, 2B6, and 3A4 were constructed. CYP450s expression was identified using reverse-transcription PCR and Western blot assay. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the effect of leonurine on cell activity. Leonurine was incubated in vitro with CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A13, 2B6, and 3A4 metabolic enzymes to evaluate the clearance rate of CYP450 enzymes for leonurine. UPLC-MS was used to detect changes of drug concentration and discover the main metabolic enzymes affecting leonurine. Results BEAS-2B cells stably expressing CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A13, 2B6, and 3A4 were successfully constructed. According to primary mass spectra and secondary mass spectra of leonurine, the main metabolic enzymes were 312.1550 [H+] and 181.0484. Compared to the control group, residue of leonurine in CYP2A13 group was significantly reduced (F=5.307, p=0.024). Compared to the 0-min group, the clearance rate of leonurine in the CYP2A13-treated group was significantly decreased at 120 min after treatment (F=7.273, p=0.007). CCK-8 results also showed that activity of BEAS-2B cells that overexpress CYP2A13 gradually decreased with increased concentration of leonurine. Although CYP2A13 demonstrated good metabolic activity for leonurine, we found that CYP1A1, 1A2, 2B6, and 3A4 had no metabolic effects on leonurine. Conclusions Leonurine can be effectively activated through CYP2A13 enzyme metabolism, and further inhibits activity of human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Therefore, CYP2A13 is a main metabolic enzyme for leonurine in BEAS-2B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xuxu Li
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Tian Leng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Tianchi Zhuang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yajun Tang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Li Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Muyi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Elmaoğulları S, Kadan E, Anadol E, Gökçeoğlu A, Çetinkaya S, Yarım GF, Uçaktürk SA, Aycan Z. Effects of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural on Pubertal Development of Female Wistar Rats. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020; 12:79-85. [PMID: 31475510 PMCID: PMC7127893 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is formed when sugars are heated in the presence of amino acids. HMF is naturally present in many foods. To investigate the toxic effects of HMF on the reproductive system of peripubertal rats. METHODS In the study, 24 immature female Wistar rat were divided into three groups: control (CT) fed with no HMF; low dose fed with 750 mg/kg/day of HMF and high dose (HD) groups fed with 1500 mg/kg/day of HMF. All groups received these diets for three weeks from postnatal day (PND) 21. The vaginal opening (VO) was monitored daily and euthanasia occurred on PND 44. Gonadotropin, estradiol (E2), progesterone and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations were measured. Reproductive organ weights and ovarian follicle counts were compared. RESULTS The HD HMF group had earlier VO. Higher mean luteinising hormone (2.9±1.2 vs 1.3±0.3 mIU/mL) and mean E2 (34.7±8.8 vs 21.2±3.9 pg/mL) and lower mean AMH (2.7±0.5 vs 4.7±0.7 ng/mL) concentrations were found in the HD compared to the CT group. The HD group also had increased number of secondary atrophic follicles. CONCLUSION These results indicate that peripubertal exposure to HMF at HD result in precocious puberty and decreased AMH levels in female Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Elmaoğulları
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Dr. Sami Ulus Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: University of Health Sciences Turkey, Dr. Sami Ulus Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey Phone: +90 532 580 88 62 E-mail:
| | - Elçin Kadan
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elvan Anadol
- Gazi University, Laboratory Animal Breeding and Experimental Researches Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayris Gökçeoğlu
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Semra Çetinkaya
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Dr. Sami Ulus Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gül Fatma Yarım
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara Children Diseases Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Aycan
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Dr. Sami Ulus Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
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Wang H, Li X, Zhao G, Xu L, Wang S, Nie M, Hua C, Shang P, Pan L, Zhao J, Qiao L, Liu K, Hu K, Su J, Cai J, Xie F. Analysis of methyl DNA adducts and metabolites in BEAS-2B cells induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:499-510. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1611982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangtao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingxuan Nie
- Zhengzhou Foreign Language School, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenfeng Hua
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingping Shang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lining Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangjun Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kejian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiakun Su
- China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial LLC, Nanchang, China
| | - Jibao Cai
- China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial LLC, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
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