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Sulthana SF, Iqbal UM, Suseela SB, Anbazhagan R, Chinthaginjala R, Chitathuru D, Ahmad I, Kim TH. Electrochemical Sensors for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Aqueous Medium: A Systematic Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25493-25512. [PMID: 38911761 PMCID: PMC11190924 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) are very harmful to the ecosystem when they are present in excess of the recommended limits. They are carcinogenic in nature and can cause serious health issues. So, it is important to detect the metal ions quickly and accurately. The metal ions arsenic (As3+), cadmium (Cd2+), chromium (Cr3+), lead (Pb2+), and mercury (Hg2+) are considered to be very toxic among other metal ions. Standard analytical methods like atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy are used to detect HMIs. But these methods necessitate highly technical equipment and lengthy procedures with skilled personnel. So, electrochemical sensing methods are considered to be more advantageous because of their quick analysis with precision and simplicity to operate. They can detect a wide range of heavy metals providing real-time monitoring and are cost-effective and enable multiparametric detection. Various sensing applications necessitate severe regulation regarding the modification of electrode surfaces. Numerous nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal nanoparticles have been extensively explored as interface materials in electrode modifiers. These nanoparticles offer excellent electrical conductivity, distinctive catalytic properties, and high surface area resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance. This review examines different HMI detection methods in an aqueous medium by an electrochemical sensing approach and studies the recent developments in interface materials for altering the electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Fouziya Sulthana
- Department
of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - U. Mohammed Iqbal
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sreeja Balakrishnapillai Suseela
- Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centre for Medical Electronics,
College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India
| | - Rajesh Anbazhagan
- School
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Ravikumar Chinthaginjala
- School
of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanamjayulu Chitathuru
- School of
Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tai-hoon Kim
- School
of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yeosu Campus, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do 59626, Republic of Korea
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A review on various electrochemical techniques for heavy metal ions detection with different sensing platforms. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:443-455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 534] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zazoua A, Khedimallah N, Jaffrezic-Renault N. Electrochemical Determination of Cadmium, Lead, and Nickel Using a Polyphenol–Polyvinyl Chloride—Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1310879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zazoua
- Université de Jijel, Ouled Aissa, Algérie
| | | | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- Université de Lyon-ISA-UMR 5180 CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Superville PJ, de Winter N, Phung AT, Proix N, Baeyens W, Gao Y. Radial metal concentration profiles in trees growing on highly contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 172:80-88. [PMID: 28063318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The soil around Metaleurop, a big smelter, is heavily contaminated by Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu. In order to compare the impact of different soil amendments on the metal availability to trees, the polluted soil section was divided in a reference parcel and two others with either sulfo-calcic or silico-aluminous ash amendments. Five different tree species were planted on the parcels and the uptake of heavy metals in these trees was studied. Total and labile metal fractions were assessed in each of the 3 parcels. The mobility and assimilation of the metals was highest in the non-amended, reference soil parcel which had the lowest pH, organic matter and carbonate content. In all soils, pH decreased while organic matter content and mobility of the metals increased over time. Highest bulk concentrations of trace metals were found in white willow trees (Salix alba L.). Laser ablation-ICPMS was used to study changes in metal accumulation over a period of 10 years after planting the trees. The radial metal profiles in the trunk core samples varied between elements and tree species, however, in all willow trees the radial Cd and Zn profiles were significantly correlated. Radial pollutant concentration patterns are discussed in terms of seasonal effects, health status, tree species and metal mobility in the soil. For Cd and Zn, the profiles were influenced by their mobility in the soils. In general, periodical patterns were observed for Pb. Cu concentration profiles were decreasing over time, with the strongest decrease in the initial growth period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Superville
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Niels de Winter
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anh Tuan Phung
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Proix
- INRA, Laboratoire d'analyses des sols d'Arras, 62000 Arras, France
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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Leitão A, Santos AM, Boaventura RAR. Complexation of lead by organic matter in Luanda Bay, Angola. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 188:563. [PMID: 27624745 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Speciation is defined as the distribution of an element among different chemical species. Although the relation between speciation and bioavailability is complex, the metal present as free hydrated ion, or as weak complexes able to dissociate, is usually more bioavailable than the metal incorporated in strong complexes or adsorbed on colloidal or particulate matter. Among the analytical techniques currently available, anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has been one of the most used in the identification and quantification of several heavy metal species in aquatic systems. This work concerns the speciation study of lead, in original (natural, non-filtered) and filtered water samples and in suspensions of particulate matter and sediments from Luanda Bay (Angola). Complexes of lead with organics were identified and quantified by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry technique. Each sample was progressively titrated with a Pb(II) standard solution until complete saturation of the organic ligands. After each addition of Pb(II), the intensity, potential and peak width of the voltammetric signal were measured. The results obtained in this work show that more than 95 % of the lead in the aquatic environment is bound in inert organic complexes, considering all samples from different sampling sites. In sediment samples, the lead is totally (100 %) complexed with ligands adsorbed on the particles surface. Two kinds of dominant lead complexes, very strong (logK >11) and strong to moderately strong (8< logK <11), were found, revealing the lead affinity for the stronger ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Leitão
- LESRA-Laboratório de Engenharia da Separação, Reacção e Ambiente, Universidade Agostinho Neto, Avenida Ho Chi Min n° 201, Luanda, Angola.
| | - Ana Maria Santos
- LESRA-Laboratório de Engenharia da Separação, Reacção e Ambiente, Universidade Agostinho Neto, Avenida Ho Chi Min n° 201, Luanda, Angola
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Wei Z, Sandron S, Townsend AT, Nesterenko PN, Paull B. Determination of trace labile copper in environmental waters by magnetic nanoparticle solid phase extraction and high-performance chelation ion chromatography. Talanta 2015; 135:155-62. [PMID: 25640140 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt magnetic nanoparticles surface functionalised with iminodiacetic acid were evaluated as a nano-particulate solid phase extraction absorbent for copper ions (Cu(2+)) from environmental water samples. Using an external magnetic field, the collector nanoparticles could be separated from the aqueous phase, and adsorbed ions simply decomplexed using dilute HNO3. Effects of pH, buffer concentration, sample and sorbent volume, extraction equilibrium time, and interfering ion concentration on extraction efficiency were investigated. Optimal conditions were then applied to the extraction of Cu(2+) ions from natural water samples, prior to their quantitation using high-performance chelation ion chromatography. The limits of detection (LOD) of the combined extraction and chromatographic method were ~0.1 ng ml(-1), based upon a 100-fold preconcentration factor (chromatographic performance; LOD=9.2 ng ml(-1) Cu(2+)), analytical linear range from 20 to 5000 ng mL(-1), and relative standard deviations=4.9% (c=1000 ng ml(-1), n=7). Accuracy and precision of the combined approach was verified using a certified reference standard estuarine water sample (SLEW-2) and comparison of sample determinations with sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Recoveries from the addition of Cu(2+) to impacted estuarine and rain water samples were 103.5% and 108.5%, respectively. Coastal seawater samples, both with and without prior UV irradiation and dissolved organic matter removal were also investigated using the new methodology. The effect of DOM concentration on copper availability was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - S Sandron
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - A T Townsend
- Central Science laboratory, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - P N Nesterenko
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - B Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia.
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Pujol L, Evrard D, Groenen-Serrano K, Freyssinier M, Ruffien-Cizsak A, Gros P. Electrochemical sensors and devices for heavy metals assay in water: the French groups' contribution. Front Chem 2014; 2:19. [PMID: 24818124 PMCID: PMC4012207 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A great challenge in the area of heavy metal trace detection is the development of electrochemical techniques and devices which are user-friendly, robust, selective, with low detection limits and allowing fast analyses. This review presents the major contribution of the French scientific academic community in the field of electrochemical sensors and electroanalytical methods within the last 20 years. From the well-known polarography to the up-to-date generation of functionalized interfaces, the different strategies dedicated to analytical performances improvement are exposed: stripping voltammetry, solid mercury-free electrode, ion selective sensor, carbon based materials, chemically modified electrodes, nano-structured surfaces. The paper particularly emphasizes their advantages and limits face to the last Water Frame Directive devoted to the Environmental Quality Standards for heavy metals. Recent trends on trace metal speciation as well as on automatic "on line" monitoring devices are also evoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pujol
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
- EltaBlagnac, France
| | - David Evrard
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
| | - Karine Groenen-Serrano
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Gros
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie ChimiqueToulouse, France
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Superville PJ, Prygiel E, Magnier A, Lesven L, Gao Y, Baeyens W, Ouddane B, Dumoulin D, Billon G. Daily variations of Zn and Pb concentrations in the Deûle River in relation to the resuspension of heavily polluted sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 470-471:600-607. [PMID: 24176708 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sediments in the Deûle River (northern France) are severely polluted by metals in the vicinity of several metallurgical plants. The aim of this paper is to identify the role played by the recurrent resuspension of these polluted sediments by boat traffic on the dissolved Pb and Zn concentrations in the river. For that purpose, several high-frequency on-line monitoring campaigns were performed. Our results clearly suggest that the resuspension of sedimentary particles into the overlying water significantly increased the dissolved electrolabile Pb and Zn contents. This increase does not persist for a long time because at night and during weekends and holidays, when the boat traffic strongly slows down, Pb and Zn concentrations drop again quickly. Our data also indicate that the biological processes (such as photosynthetic and respiration activities), diffusive and benthic fluxes, as well as dilution of pore water into the overlying water during sediment remobilization do not contribute significantly to the sharp increase of dissolved Pb and Zn concentrations in the river during the day. The good correlation between turbidity and electrolabile metal concentration allows us to discard slow AVS (Acid Volatile Sulfides) oxidation as well. Desorption of metals from sediment particles was clearly the most relevant process, responsible for the increase of dissolved Pb and Zn concentrations in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Superville
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Emilie Prygiel
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Aurélie Magnier
- Vrije Universiteit, Brussel (VUB), Laboratory of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium; IRSTEA, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, CS 70077, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Ludovic Lesven
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Yue Gao
- Vrije Universiteit, Brussel (VUB), Laboratory of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Vrije Universiteit, Brussel (VUB), Laboratory of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - David Dumoulin
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Gabriel Billon
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes, UMR CNRS 8217, CNRS - Université Lille 1, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) share a common uptake transporter in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biometals 2014; 27:173-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-013-9699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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