1
|
Iummato MM, Sabatini SE, Rocchetta I, Yusseppone MS, Del Carmen Ríos de Molina M, Juárez ÁB. Oxidative stress in the bivalve Diplodon chilensis under direct and dietary glyphosate-based formulation exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:23610-23622. [PMID: 38418793 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects on biochemical parameters and organosomatic indices in the freshwater bivalve Diplodon chilensis exposed to a glyphosate-based formulation under direct and dietary exposures (4 mg a.p./L). After 1, 7, and 14 days of exposure, reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels and the activities of glutathione-S- transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated in the gills and digestive gland. The hepatosomatic (HSI) and branchiosomatic (BSI) indices were also analyzed. Direct and dietary glyphosate-based formulation exposure altered the redox homeostasis in the gills and digestive gland throughout the experimental time, inducing the detoxification response (GST), the antioxidant defenses (SOD, CAT, GSH), and causing lipid peroxidation. After 14 days of exposure, the HSI and BSI increased significantly (43% and 157%, respectively) only in the bivalves under direct exposure. Greater changes in the biochemical parameters were induced by the dietary exposure than by the direct exposure. Furthermore, the gills presented an earlier response compared to the digestive gland. These results suggested that direct and dietary exposure to a glyphosate-based formulation induced oxidative stress in the gills and digestive glands of D. chilensis. Thus, the presence of glyphosate-based formulations in aquatic ecosystems could represent a risk for filter-feeding organisms like bivalves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Iummato
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Research Institute in the Environment and Biodiversity (INIBIOMA), CONICET-National University of Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Eduardo Sabatini
- Institute of Biological Chemistry of the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Iara Rocchetta
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Research Institute in the Environment and Biodiversity (INIBIOMA), CONICET-National University of Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Yusseppone
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Marine and Coastal Research (IIMYC), CONICET-National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Institute of Biological Chemistry of the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela Beatriz Juárez
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Institute of Biodiversity and Applied and Experimental Biology (IBBEA UBA), CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Effects of Temperature and Glyphosate on Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Peroxidation in the Gastropod Lymneae sp. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential effects of glyphosate on freshwater gastropods and possible interactions between glyphosate and other stressors. A two-way factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature (20 °C/25 °C) and glyphosate (0 µg/L/200 µg/L) on Lymnaea sp. After 21 days, antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), malondialdehyde content (MDA), and fatty acid (FA) composition of Lymnaea sp. tissue were measured. Temperature had an effect on SOD activity and GPx activity. In contrast, an increase in GST activity was observed in glyphosate-exposed snails, highlighting the role of GST in the glyphosate detoxification process. Differences in temperature and glyphosate did not affect lipid peroxidation (MDA); however, we observed a trend suggesting the presence of higher MDA content in glyphosate-exposed snails at 20 °C. The FA groups were generally not strongly affected by the treatments, except for omega−9 (n-9) that was markedly lower at the higher temperature. Changes were also observed in individual FA as a response to glyphosate and/or temperature. For example, a significant decrease in 18:1n9 was observed at 25 °C. Our results showed that antioxidant capacity and FA profiles were mainly affected by temperature, while glyphosate seemed to have a lesser impact.
Collapse
|
3
|
Gerdol M, Visintin A, Kaleb S, Spazzali F, Pallavicini A, Falace A. Gene expression response of the alga Fucus virsoides (Fucales, Ochrophyta) to glyphosate solution exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115483. [PMID: 32889518 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fucus virsoides is an ecologically important canopy-forming brown algae endemic to the Adriatic Sea. Once widespread in marine coastal areas, this species underwent a rapid population decline and is now confined to small residual areas. Although the reasons behind this progressive disappearance are still a matter of debate, F. virsoides may suffer, like other macroalgae, from the potential toxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicides. Here, through a transcriptomic approach, we investigate the molecular basis of the high susceptibility of this species to glyphosate solution, previously observed at the morphological and eco-physiological levels. By simulating runoff event in a factorial experiment, we exposed F. virsoides to glyphosate (Roundup® 2.0), either alone or in association with nutrient enrichment, highlighting significant alterations of gene expression profiles that were already visible after three days of exposure. In particular, glyphosate exposure determined the near-complete expression shutdown of several genes involved in photosynthesis, protein synthesis and stress response molecular pathways. Curiously, these detrimental effects were partially mitigated by nutrient supplementation, which may explain the survival of relict population in confined areas with high nutrient inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Visintin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Spazzali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS, Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prud’homme SM, Hani YMI, Cox N, Lippens G, Nuzillard JM, Geffard A. The Zebra Mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha) as a Model Organism for Ecotoxicological Studies: A Prior 1H NMR Spectrum Interpretation of a Whole Body Extract for Metabolism Monitoring. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060256. [PMID: 32570933 PMCID: PMC7345047 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) represents a useful reference organism for the ecotoxicological study of inland waters, especially for the characterization of the disturbances induced by human activities. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic approach was developed on this species. The investigation of its informative potential required the prior interpretation of a reference 1H NMR spectrum of a lipid-free zebra mussel extract. After the extraction of polar metabolites from a pool of whole-body D. polymorpha powder, the resulting highly complex 1D 1H NMR spectrum was interpreted and annotated through the analysis of the corresponding 2D homonuclear and heteronuclear NMR spectra. The spectrum interpretation was completed and validated by means of sample spiking with 24 commercial compounds. Among the 238 detected 1H signals, 53% were assigned, resulting in the identification of 37 metabolites with certainty or high confidence, while 5 metabolites were only putatively identified. The description of such a reference spectrum and its annotation are expected to speed up future analyses and interpretations of NMR-based metabolomic studies on D. polymorpha and to facilitate further explorations of the impact of environmental changes on its physiological state, more particularly in the context of large-scale ecological and ecotoxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Martine Prud’homme
- Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques, Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51687 Reims, France;
- LIEC Lab, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, F-57000 Metz, France
- Correspondence: (S.M.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Younes Mohamed Ismail Hani
- Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques, Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51687 Reims, France;
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC 5805, équipe Ecotoxicologie aquatique, Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Neil Cox
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institue (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 04, France; (N.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Guy Lippens
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institue (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 04, France; (N.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Jean-Marc Nuzillard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7312 ICMR, 51097 Reims, France;
| | - Alain Geffard
- Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques, Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51687 Reims, France;
- Correspondence: (S.M.P.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Effects of Glyphosate and Its Commercial Formulations to Marine Invertebrates: A Review. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient of numerous commercial formulations of herbicides applied in different sectors, from agriculture to aquaculture. Due to its widespread use around the world, relatively high concentrations of glyphosate have been detected in soil and aquatic environments. The presence of glyphosate in aquatic ecosystems has aroused the attention of researchers because of its potential negative effects on living organisms, both animals and plants. In this context, this review intends to summarize results of studies aimed at evaluating the effects of glyphosate (both as active ingredient and component of commercial formulations) on marine invertebrates. Generally, data obtained in acute toxicity tests indicate that glyphosate and its commercial formulations are lethal at high concentrations (not environmentally realistic), whereas results of long-lasting experiments indicate that glyphosate can markedly affect biological responses of marine invertebrates. Consequently, more efforts should be addressed at evaluating chronic or sub-chronic effects of such substances to marine invertebrate species.
Collapse
|
6
|
Matozzo V, Munari M, Masiero L, Finos L, Marin MG. Ecotoxicological hazard of a mixture of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid to the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck 1819). Sci Rep 2019; 9:14302. [PMID: 31586082 PMCID: PMC6778070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the effects of chemical mixtures is a very important objective of the ecotoxicological risk assessment. This study was aimed at evaluating for the first time the effects of a mixture of glyphosate and its main breakdown product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) on various biomarkers in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed for 7, 14 and 21 days to either 100 µg/L of glyphosate, 100 µg/L of AMPA or a mixture of both (100 + 100 µg/L). Various haemocyte parameters, such as total haemocyte counts, haemocyte diameter and volume, haemocyte proliferation, haemolymph lactate dehydrogenase activity and haemocyte lysate acid phosphatase activities were measured. In addition, the effects of exposure on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase were evaluated in gills and digestive gland from mussels. On the whole, this study demonstrated that the variables considered in the experimental plan, namely treatment, exposure time and their interaction, affect significantly biomarker responses in M. galloprovincialis. The effects of the mixture were comparable to those of the individual compounds, whereas their synergistic effects were occasionally observed, under the experimental conditions tested at least.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center Ischia, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matozzo V, Zampieri C, Munari M, Marin MG. Glyphosate affects haemocyte parameters in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 146:66-70. [PMID: 30922606 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of glyphosate on haemocyte parameters of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Clams were exposed for 7 days to differing glyphosate concentrations (10, 100 and 1000 μg/L) and various haemocyte parameters were measured, such as total haemocyte count (THC), haemocyte diameter and volume, haemocyte proliferation, haemolymph lactate dehydrogenase activity, haemocyte lysate lysozyme and acid phosphatase activities. Glyphosate reduced significantly THC values, while increased both diameter and volume of haemocytes. Exposure to the highest herbicide concentration increased significantly haemocyte proliferation. No significant effects on haemolymph lactate dehydrogenase and haemocyte lysate lysozyme activities were observed, whereas haemocyte lysate acid phosphatase activity resulted significantly increased in clams exposed at 100 and 1000 μg/L. On the whole, this study demonstrated that glyphosate influenced significantly haemocyte parameters in R. philippinarum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Carlo Zampieri
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center Ischia, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Falace A, Tamburello L, Guarnieri G, Kaleb S, Papa L, Fraschetti S. Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on Fucus virsoides (Fucales, Ochrophyta) photosynthetic efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:912-918. [PMID: 30245453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are increasingly recognised as sources of water pollution. Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are widely used because of their low cost and high effectiveness. By measuring the photosynthetic efficiency of Fucus virsoides fronds exposed to a GBH (Roundup® Power 2.0), we investigated the effect of a continuous exposure (6 days) and the potential of recovery after a short exposure (24 h). Both experiments were carried out combining GBH with and without nutrient enrichment, simulating a runoff event. A factorial experimental design allowed us to assess the potential of interactions between GBH and nutrients, which are likely to co-occur in coastal areas. Our results show deleterious effects of GBH at low concentration on F. virsoides, independently from the duration of exposure and the presence of nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Tamburello
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Guarnieri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Loredana Papa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matozzo V, Fabrello J, Masiero L, Ferraccioli F, Finos L, Pastore P, Di Gangi IM, Bogialli S. Ecotoxicological risk assessment for the herbicide glyphosate to non-target aquatic species: A case study with the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:623-632. [PMID: 29107902 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is one of the most used herbicide worldwide. Considering that information concerning the impact of GLY on bivalves is scarce, in this study we evaluated for the first time the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of GLY (10, 100 and 1000 μg/L) to the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed for 7, 14 and 21 days and several biomarkers were measured in haemocytes/haemolymph (total haemocyte counts, haemocyte diameter and volume, haemolymph pH, haemolymph lactate dehydrogenase activity, haemocyte lysate lysozyme and acid phosphatase activities), as well as in gills and digestive gland (antioxidant enzyme and acetylcholinesterase activities). The concentrations of GLY and its main metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid in the experimental tanks were also measured. The MANOVA analysis demonstrated that the experimental variables considered (exposure concentration, exposure duration, and their interaction) affected significantly biomarker responses. In addition, the two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that GLY was able to affect most of the cellular parameters measured, whereas antioxidant enzyme activities resulted to be influenced moderately. Interestingly, exposure to GLY reduced significantly acetylcholinesterase activity in gills. Although preliminary, the results of this study demonstrated that GLY can affect both cellular and biochemical parameters in mussels, highlighting a potential risk for aquatic invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Ferraccioli
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Cesare Battisti 241, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Iole Maria Di Gangi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bogialli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Campillo JA, Sevilla A, Albentosa M, Bernal C, Lozano AB, Cánovas M, León VM. Metabolomic responses in caged clams, Ruditapes decussatus, exposed to agricultural and urban inputs in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, SE Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 524-525:136-147. [PMID: 25897722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Mar Menor is a coastal lagoon affected by the growth of intensive agriculture and urban development in the surrounding area. Large amounts of chemical pollutants from these areas are discharged into El Albujón, a permanent water-course flowing into the lagoon. Biomarkers such as the activity of acetylcholinesterase or antioxidant enzymes have been previously tested in this lagoon demonstrating the presence of neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in clams transplanted in sites affected by the dispersion of the effluent from El Albujón. To complete this traditional toxicology work, a metabolomic profiling of these transplanted organisms has been carried out for the detection of metabolic biomarkers induced by agricultural/urban pollutants. More than 70 metabolites have been quantified using a targeting metabolomics platform based on HPLC-MS. The intracellular metabolic pattern was analyzed by PCA from the digestive gland of clams after 7 and 22 days of transplantation. Results showed a different profile of metabolite between organisms collected from control and exposed sites. At the shorter exposure time, there was an increase in several metabolites in the latter when compared with those from control sites, whereas metabolic profiling at 22 days showed that those metabolites were drastically diminished, with even lower levels than at control sites. These metabolites included: (i) 12 amino acids from the 21 proteogenic and HomoSer, (ii) osmotic protectants such as γ-butyrobetaine and taurine and (iii) nucleotides such as ITP. Regarding sulfur-containing molecules, taurine could be highlighted as a potential biomarker since its concentration was reduced by more than 30 times after 22 days of exposure, whereas the antioxidant glutathione remained constant in the organisms from both control and exposed sites. Although targeted metabolomics has been shown as an early technique of pollutant effect detection, the two-phase pattern could highlight a more complicated metabolite response to pollutants than classical biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Angel Sevilla
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan, 67, Delft 2628 BC, The Netherlands; Inbionova Biotech S.L., Edif. CEEIM, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Albentosa
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Bernal
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana B Lozano
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Cánovas
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Víctor M León
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hanana H, Simon G, Kervarec N, Cérantola S. Evaluation of toxicological effects induced by tributyltin in clam Ruditapes decussatus using high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Study of metabolic responses in heart tissue and detection of a novel metabolite. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:777-786. [PMID: 28962290 PMCID: PMC5598516 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a highly toxic pollutant present in many aquatic ecosystems. Its toxicity in mollusks strongly affects their performance and survival. The main purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of TBT toxicity in clam Ruditapes decussatus by evaluating the metabolic responses of heart tissues, using high-resolution magic angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HRMAS NMR), after exposure to TBT (10-9, 10-6 and 10-4 M) during 24 h and 72 h. Results show that responses of clam heart tissue to TBT exposure are not dose dependent. Metabolic profile analyses indicated that TBT 10-6 M, contrary to the two other doses tested, led to a significant depletion of taurine and betaine. Glycine levels decreased in all clam groups treated with the organotin. It is suggested that TBT abolished the cytoprotective effect of taurine, betaine and glycine thereby inducing cardiomyopathie. Moreover, results also showed that TBT induced increase in the level of alanine and succinate suggesting the occurrence of anaerobiosis particularly in clam group exposed to the highest dose of TBT. Taken together, these results demonstrate that TBT is a potential toxin with a variety of deleterious effects on clam and this organotin may affect different pathways depending to the used dose. The main finding of this study was the appearance of an original metabolite after TBT treatment likely N-glycine-N'-alanine. It is the first time that this molecule has been identified as a natural compound. Its exact role is unknown and remains to be elucidated. We suppose that its formation could play an important role in clam defense response by attenuating Ca2+ dependent cell death induced by TBT. Therefore this compound could be a promising biomarker for TBT exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Hanana
- Laboratoire de RMN, RPE, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne Occidentale UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue le gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cédex3, France
| | - G Simon
- Laboratoire de RMN, RPE, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne Occidentale UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue le gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cédex3, France
| | - N Kervarec
- Laboratoire de RMN, RPE, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne Occidentale UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue le gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cédex3, France
| | - S Cérantola
- Laboratoire de RMN, RPE, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne Occidentale UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue le gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cédex3, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chronic Electromagnetic Exposure at Occupational Safety Level Does Not Affect the Metabolic Profile nor Cornea Healing after LASIK Surgery. J Ophthalmol 2014; 2014:762364. [PMID: 24757560 PMCID: PMC3976941 DOI: 10.1155/2014/762364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
LASIK eye surgery has become a very common practice for myopic people, especially those in the military. Sometimes undertaken by people who need to keep a specific medical aptitude, this surgery could be performed in secret from the hierarchy and from the institute medical staff. However, even though the eyes have been previously described as one of the most sensitive organs to electromagnetic fields in the human body, no data exist on the potential deleterious effects of electromagnetic fields on the healing eye. The consequences of chronic long-lasting radar exposures at power density, in accordance with the occupational safety standards (9.71 GHz, 50 W/m2), were investigated on cornea healing. The metabolic and clinical statuses after experimental LASIK keratotomy were assessed on the different eye segments in a New Zealand rabbit model. The analysis methods were performed after 5 months of exposure (1 hour/day, 3 times/week). Neither clinical or histological examinations, nor experimental data, such as light scattering, 1H-NMR HRMAS metabolomics, 13C-NMR spectra of lipidic extracts, and antioxidant status, evidenced significant modifications. It was concluded that withdrawing the medical aptitude of people working in electromagnetic field environments (i.e., radar operators in the navy) after eye surgery was not justified.
Collapse
|
13
|
Janssens L, Stoks R. Synergistic effects between pesticide stress and predator cues: conflicting results from life history and physiology in the damselfly Enallagma cyathigerum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 132-133:92-9. [PMID: 23474318 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing awareness that the negative effects of anthropogenic stressors may be magnified in the presence of natural stressors. Very few of these studies have included physiology, yet including physiological studies may help learning about the mechanistic base of such synergisms at the life history level and identify synergistic interactions not translated in life history traits. We studied in Enallagma cyathigerum damselfly larvae potential synergistic effects between exposure to the pesticide glyphosate and predator cues on a key life history trait, growth rate, its associated behavioural trait, food intake, and three types of physiological traits known to be affected by both stressors in isolation: the stress protein Hsp70, energy storage and variables related to oxidative stress and damage. The pesticide and predator cues reduced growth rate in an additive way. Food intake increased under pesticide exposure and was not affected by the predator cues, indicating physiological mediation of the growth reduction. One potential physiological mechanism was that both stressors additively increased Hsp70 levels, this may also have contributed to the reduced levels of total carbohydrates when exposed to predator cues. Chronic exposure to predator cues reduced oxygen consumption, possibly to avoid too high costs of an increased metabolic rate. This reduction did not occur in the presence of the pesticide, reflecting the need for energetically expensive defence mechanisms (such as Hsp70 upregulation). When both stressors were combined, there was a reduction of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and an associated increase of oxidative damage in lipids. While synergistic interactions were not present for growth rate and food intake, they were identified for antioxidant defence and oxidative damage. This novel type of "hidden" synergistic interaction may have profound fitness implications, and when ignored will lead to underestimations of the impact of pollutants in natural populations where predators are omnipresent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizanne Janssens
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|