1
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Pang QY, Chiu YC, Huang RYJ. Regulating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity from 3D genome organization. Commun Biol 2024; 7:750. [PMID: 38902393 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process enabling polarized epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal features implicated in development and carcinoma progression. As our understanding evolves, it is clear the reversible execution of EMT arises from complex epigenomic regulation involving histone modifications and 3-dimensional (3D) genome structural changes, leading to a cascade of transcriptional events. This review summarizes current knowledge on chromatin organization in EMT, with a focus on hierarchical structures of the 3D genome and chromatin accessibility changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing You Pang
- Neuro-Oncology Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Yi-Chia Chiu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
- Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
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2
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Driscoll MK, Welf ES, Weems A, Sapoznik E, Zhou F, Murali VS, García-Arcos JM, Roh-Johnson M, Piel M, Dean KM, Fiolka R, Danuser G. Proteolysis-free amoeboid migration of melanoma cells through crowded environments via bleb-driven worrying. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00342-3. [PMID: 38870943 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
In crowded microenvironments, migrating cells must find or make a path. Amoeboid cells are thought to find a path by deforming their bodies to squeeze through tight spaces. Yet, some amoeboid cells seem to maintain a near-spherical morphology as they move. To examine how they do so, we visualized amoeboid human melanoma cells in dense environments and found that they carve tunnels via bleb-driven degradation of extracellular matrix components without the need for proteolytic degradation. Interactions between adhesions and collagen at the cell front induce a signaling cascade that promotes bleb enlargement via branched actin polymerization. Large blebs abrade collagen, creating feedback between extracellular matrix structure, cell morphology, and polarization that enables both path generation and persistent movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan K Driscoll
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Erik S Welf
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Andrew Weems
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Etai Sapoznik
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Felix Zhou
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vasanth S Murali
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie, UMR144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Kevin M Dean
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Reto Fiolka
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Gaudenz Danuser
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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3
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Yoon SB, Chen L, Robinson IE, Khatib TO, Arthur RA, Claussen H, Zohbi NM, Wu H, Mouw JK, Marcus AI. Subpopulation commensalism promotes Rac1-dependent invasion of single cells via laminin-332. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202308080. [PMID: 38551497 PMCID: PMC10982113 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202308080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic heterogeneity poses a significant hurdle for cancer treatment but is under-characterized in the context of tumor invasion. Amidst the range of phenotypic heterogeneity across solid tumor types, collectively invading cells and single cells have been extensively characterized as independent modes of invasion, but their intercellular interactions have rarely been explored. Here, we isolated collectively invading cells and single cells from the heterogeneous 4T1 cell line and observed extensive transcriptional and epigenetic diversity across these subpopulations. By integrating these datasets, we identified laminin-332 as a protein complex exclusively secreted by collectively invading cells. Live-cell imaging revealed that laminin-332 derived from collectively invading cells increased the velocity and directionality of single cells. Despite collectively invading and single cells having similar expression of the integrin α6β4 dimer, single cells demonstrated higher Rac1 activation upon laminin-332 binding to integrin α6β4. This mechanism suggests a novel commensal relationship between collectively invading and single cells, wherein collectively invading cells promote the invasive potential of single cells through a laminin-332/Rac1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Bo Yoon
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luxiao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Isaac E. Robinson
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tala O. Khatib
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert A. Arthur
- Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Henry Claussen
- Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Najdat M. Zohbi
- Graduate Medical Education, Piedmont Macon Medical, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Janna K. Mouw
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adam I. Marcus
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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4
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Graziani V, Crosas-Molist E, George SL, Sanz-Moreno V. Organelle adaptations in response to mechanical forces during tumour dissemination. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 88:102345. [PMID: 38479111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell migration plays a pivotal role in various biological processes including cancer dissemination and successful metastasis, where the role of mechanical signals is increasingly acknowledged. This review focuses on the intricate mechanisms through which cancer cells modulate their migratory strategies via organelle adaptations in response to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Specifically, the nucleus and mitochondria emerge as pivotal mediators in this process. These organelles serve as sensors, translating mechanical stimuli into rapid metabolic alterations that sustain cell migration. Importantly, prolonged exposure to such stimuli can induce transcriptional or epigenetic changes, ultimately enhancing metastatic traits. Deciphering the intricate interplay between ECM properties and organelle adaptations not only advances our understanding of cytoskeletal dynamics but also holds promise for the development of innovative anti-metastatic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Graziani
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Eva Crosas-Molist
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Samantha L George
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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5
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Akinpelu A, Akinsipe T, Avila LA, Arnold RD, Mistriotis P. The impact of tumor microenvironment: unraveling the role of physical cues in breast cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:823-844. [PMID: 38238542 PMCID: PMC11156564 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the vast majority of breast cancer-related fatalities. Although the contribution of genetic and epigenetic modifications to breast cancer progression has been widely acknowledged, emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of physical stimuli in driving breast cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize the changes in the mechanics of the breast cancer microenvironment and describe the various forces that impact migrating and circulating tumor cells throughout the metastatic process. We also discuss the mechanosensing and mechanotransducing molecules responsible for promoting the malignant phenotype in breast cancer cells. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanobiology of breast cancer carries substantial potential to propel progress in prognosis, diagnosis, and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuba Akinpelu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Tosin Akinsipe
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - L Adriana Avila
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Panagiotis Mistriotis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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6
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Kar N, Logue JS. Nucleating amoeboid cancer cell motility with Diaphanous related formins. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38761126 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The tissue invasive capacity of cancer cells is determined by their phenotypic plasticity. For instance, mesenchymal to amoeboid transition has been found to facilitate the passage of cancer cells through confined environments. This phenotypic transition is also heavily regulated by the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton, which may increase myosin contractility and the intracellular pressure that is known to drive bleb formation. In this review, we highlight several Diaphanous related formins (DRFs) that have been found to promote or suppress bleb formation in cancer cells, which is a hallmark of amoeboid migration. Based on the work discussed here, the role of the DRFs in cancer(s) is worthy of further scrutiny in animal models, as they may prove to be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakshi Kar
- Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy S Logue
- Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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7
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Li H, Han X, Song L, Li X, Zhang L, Jin Z, Zhang Y, Wang T, Huang Z, Jia Z, Yang J. LINC00645 inhibits renal cell carcinoma progression by interacting with HNRNPA2B1 to regulate the ROCK1 mRNA stability. Gene 2024; 905:148232. [PMID: 38309317 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The lncRNA plays an important role in tumorigenesis and the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). LINC00645 is one of the most different expressed lncRNA between RCC and normal renal tissue. However, the regulatory mechanism of LINC00645 in RCC remains unknown. Our results indicated that LINC00645 inhibited RCC proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, HNRNPA2B1 directly bound to ROCK1 mRNA and strengthened its stability. LINC00645 competitively bound to the RRM1 domain, which is responsible for interacting with ROCK1 mRNA, reducing ROCK1 mRNA level by affecting posttranscriptional destabilization. The expression of LINC00645 was significantly reduced in RCC cells, significantly upregulating ROCK1 by abolishing the interaction with HNRNPA2B1, finally promoting RCC proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, RCC cells with lower LINC00645 expression were more sensitive to the ROCK1 inhibitor Y-27632. Our study indicates that decreased expression of LINC00645 promotes the RCC progression via HNRNPA2B1/ROCK1 axis, providing a promising treatment strategy for RCC patients with decreased LINC00645 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Zhibo Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Zhankui Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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8
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Karras P, Black JRM, McGranahan N, Marine JC. Decoding the interplay between genetic and non-genetic drivers of metastasis. Nature 2024; 629:543-554. [PMID: 38750233 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process by which cancer cells break away from their original location and spread to distant organs, and is responsible for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths. Preventing early metastatic dissemination would revolutionize the ability to fight cancer. Unfortunately, the relatively poor understanding of the molecular underpinnings of metastasis has hampered the development of effective anti-metastatic drugs. Although it is now accepted that disseminating tumour cells need to acquire multiple competencies to face the many obstacles they encounter before reaching their metastatic site(s), whether these competencies are acquired through an accumulation of metastasis-specific genetic alterations and/or non-genetic events is often debated. Here we review a growing body of literature highlighting the importance of both genetic and non-genetic reprogramming events during the metastatic cascade, and discuss how genetic and non-genetic processes act in concert to confer metastatic competencies. We also describe how recent technological advances, and in particular the advent of single-cell multi-omics and barcoding approaches, will help to better elucidate the cross-talk between genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of metastasis and ultimately inform innovative paths for the early detection and interception of this lethal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Karras
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James R M Black
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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9
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Liu Y, Wang YJ, Du Y, Liu W, Huang X, Fan Z, Lu J, Yi R, Xiang XW, Xia X, Gu H, Liu YJ, Liu B. DNA nanomachines reveal an adaptive energy mode in confinement-induced amoeboid migration powered by polarized mitochondrial distribution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317492121. [PMID: 38547056 PMCID: PMC10998588 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317492121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is highly interdependent with adaptive cell migration in vivo. Mechanical confinement is a critical physical cue that induces switchable migration modes of the mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT). However, the energy states in distinct migration modes, especially amoeboid-like stable bleb (A2) movement, remain unclear. In this report, we developed multivalent DNA framework-based nanomachines to explore strategical mitochondrial trafficking and differential ATP levels during cell migration in mechanically heterogeneous microenvironments. Through single-particle tracking and metabolomic analysis, we revealed that fast A2-moving cells driven by biomimetic confinement recruited back-end positioning of mitochondria for powering highly polarized cytoskeletal networks, preferentially adopting an energy-saving mode compared with a mesenchymal mode of cell migration. We present a versatile DNA nanotool for cellular energy exploration and highlight that adaptive energy strategies coordinately support switchable migration modes for facilitating efficient metastatic escape, offering a unique perspective for therapeutic interventions in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Xuedong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Zihui Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Jiayin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Runqiu Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Xinwei Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Hongzhou Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Lab of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
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10
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Zhang X, Wang X, Wen Y, Chen S, Zhou C, Wu F. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal metastatic CLDN4+ cancer cells underlying the recurrence of malignant pleural effusion in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1649. [PMID: 38629624 PMCID: PMC11022306 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent malignant pleural effusion (MPE) resulting from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is easily refractory to conventional therapeutics and lacks predictive markers. The cellular or genetic signatures of recurrent MPE still remain largely uncertain. METHODS 16 NSCLC patients with pleural effusions were recruited, followed by corresponding treatments based on primary tumours. Non-recurrent or recurrent MPE was determined after 3-6 weeks of treatments. The status of MPE was verified by computer tomography (CT) and cytopathology, and the baseline pleural fluids were collected for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Samples were then integrated and profiled. Cellular communications and trajectories were inferred by bioinformatic algorithms. Comparative analysis was conducted and the results were further validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in a larger MPE cohort from the authors' centre (n = 64). RESULTS The scRNA-seq revealed that 33 590 cells were annotated as 7 major cell types and further characterized into 14 cell clusters precisely. The cell cluster C1, classified as Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM)+ metastatic cancer cell and correlated with activation of tight junction and adherence junction, was significantly enriched in the recurrent MPE group, in which Claudin-4 (CLDN4) was identified. The subset cell cluster C3 of C1, which was enriched in recurrent MPE and demonstrated a phenotype of ameboidal-type cell migration, also showed a markedly higher expression of CLDN4. Meanwhile, the expression of CLDN4 was positively correlated with E74 Like ETS Transcription Factor 3 (ELF3), EpCAM and Tumour Associated Calcium Signal Transducer 2 (TACSTD2), independent of driver-gene status. CLDN4 was also found to be associated with the expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 Subunit Alpha (HIF1A) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA), and the cell cluster C1 was the major mediator in cellular communication of VEGFA signalling. In the extensive MPE cohort, a notably increased expression of CLDN4 in cells from pleural effusion among patients diagnosed with recurrent MPE was observed, compared with the non-recurrent group, which was also associated with a trend towards worse overall survival (OS). CONCLUSIONS CLDN4 could be considered as a predictive marker of recurrent MPE among patients with advanced NSCLC. Further validation for its clinical value in cohorts with larger sample size and in-depth mechanism studies on its biological function are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshen Zhang
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xuanhe Wang
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yaokai Wen
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shen Chen
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Fengying Wu
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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11
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Liu Y, Jiao Y, Fan Q, Li X, Liu Z, Qin D, Hu J, Liu L, Shuai J, Li Z. Morphological entropy encodes cellular migration strategies on multiple length scales. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:26. [PMID: 38453929 PMCID: PMC10920856 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is crucial for numerous physiological and pathological processes. A cell adapts its morphology, including the overall and nuclear morphology, in response to various cues in complex microenvironments, such as topotaxis and chemotaxis during migration. Thus, the dynamics of cellular morphology can encode migration strategies, from which diverse migration mechanisms can be inferred. However, deciphering the mechanisms behind cell migration encoded in morphology dynamics remains a challenging problem. Here, we present a powerful universal metric, the Cell Morphological Entropy (CME), developed by combining parametric morphological analysis with Shannon entropy. The utility of CME, which accurately quantifies the complex cellular morphology at multiple length scales through the deviation from a perfectly circular shape, is illustrated using a variety of normal and tumor cell lines in different in vitro microenvironments. Our results show how geometric constraints affect the MDA-MB-231 cell nucleus, the emerging interactions of MCF-10A cells migrating on collagen gel, and the critical transition from proliferation to invasion in tumor spheroids. The analysis demonstrates that the CME-based approach provides an effective and physically interpretable tool to measure morphology in real-time across multiple length scales. It provides deeper insight into cell migration and contributes to the understanding of different behavioral modes and collective cell motility in more complex microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yang Jiao
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Qihui Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Dui Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liyu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianwei Shuai
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Zhangyong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Strippoli R, Niayesh-Mehr R, Adelipour M, Khosravi A, Cordani M, Zarrabi A, Allameh A. Contribution of Autophagy to Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Induction during Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:807. [PMID: 38398197 PMCID: PMC10886827 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a dedifferentiation process implicated in many physio-pathological conditions including tumor transformation. EMT is regulated by several extracellular mediators and under certain conditions it can be reversible. Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in which intracellular components such as protein/DNA aggregates and abnormal organelles are degraded in specific lysosomes. In cancer, autophagy plays a controversial role, acting in different conditions as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor-promoting mechanism. Experimental evidence shows that deep interrelations exist between EMT and autophagy-related pathways. Although this interplay has already been analyzed in previous studies, understanding mechanisms and the translational implications of autophagy/EMT need further study. The role of autophagy in EMT is not limited to morphological changes, but activation of autophagy could be important to DNA repair/damage system, cell adhesion molecules, and cell proliferation and differentiation processes. Based on this, both autophagy and EMT and related pathways are now considered as targets for cancer therapy. In this review article, the contribution of autophagy to EMT and progression of cancer is discussed. This article also describes the multiple connections between EMT and autophagy and their implication in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, I.R.C.C.S., 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Reyhaneh Niayesh-Mehr
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-331, Iran;
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran;
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Türkiye;
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye;
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-331, Iran;
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13
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Leggett SE, Brennan MC, Martinez S, Tien J, Nelson CM. Relatively Rare Populations of Invasive Cells Drive Progression of Heterogeneous Tumors. Cell Mol Bioeng 2024; 17:7-24. [PMID: 38435793 PMCID: PMC10902221 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast tumors often display an astonishing degree of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, which are associated with cancer progression, drug resistance, and relapse. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive and heterogeneous subtype for which targeted therapies are scarce. Consequently, patients with TNBC have a poorer overall prognosis compared to other breast cancer patients. Within heterogeneous tumors, individual clonal subpopulations may exhibit differences in their rates of growth and degrees of invasiveness. We hypothesized that such phenotypic heterogeneity at the single-cell level may accelerate tumor progression by enhancing the overall growth and invasion of the entire tumor. Methods To test this hypothesis, we isolated and characterized clonal subpopulations with distinct morphologies and biomarker expression from the inherently heterogeneous 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cell line. We then leveraged a 3D microfluidic tumor model to reverse-engineer intratumoral heterogeneity and thus investigate how interactions between phenotypically distinct subpopulations affect tumor growth and invasion. Results We found that the growth and invasion of multiclonal tumors were largely dictated by the presence of cells with epithelial and mesenchymal traits, respectively. The latter accelerated overall tumor invasion, even when these cells comprised less than 1% of the initial population. Consistently, tumor progression was delayed by selectively targeting the mesenchymal subpopulation. Discussion This work reveals that highly invasive cells can dominate tumor phenotype and that specifically targeting these cells can slow the progression of heterogeneous tumors, which may help inform therapeutic approaches. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00792-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. Leggett
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, 25 William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Molly C. Brennan
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, 25 William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | - Sophia Martinez
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, 25 William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | - Joe Tien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Celeste M. Nelson
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, 25 William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
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14
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Celià-Terrassa T, Kang Y. How important is EMT for cancer metastasis? PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002487. [PMID: 38324529 PMCID: PMC10849258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a biological phenomenon of cellular plasticity initially reported in embryonic development, has been increasingly recognized for its importance in cancer progression and metastasis. Despite tremendous progress being made in the past 2 decades in our understanding of the molecular mechanism and functional importance of EMT in cancer, there are several mysteries around EMT that remain unresolved. In this Unsolved Mystery, we focus on the variety of EMT types in metastasis, cooperative and collective EMT behaviors, spatiotemporal characterization of EMT, and strategies of therapeutically targeting EMT. We also highlight new technical advances that will facilitate the efforts to elucidate the unsolved mysteries of EMT in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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15
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Wu Z, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Fang C, Zheng W, Zhao Z, Zhang N, Yang X. Rhogef17: A novel target for endothelial barrier function. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115983. [PMID: 38134633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
ARHGEF17 encodes the protein RhoGEF17, which is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells. It is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that accelerates the exchange of GDP with GTP on many small GTPases through its Dbl homology (DH) domain, enabling the activation of Rho-GTPases such as RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC. Rho GTPase-regulated changes in the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion kinetics are the main mechanisms mediating many endothelial cell (EC) alterations, including cell morphology, migration, and division changes, which profoundly affect EC barrier function. This review focuses on ARHGEF17 expression, activation and biological functions in ECs, linking its regulation of cellular morphology, migration, mitosis and other cellular behaviors to disease onset and progression. Understanding ARHGEF17 mechanisms of action will contribute to the design of therapeutic approaches targeting RhoGEF17, a potential drug target for the treatment of various endothelium-related diseases, Such as vascular inflammation, carcinogenesis and transendothelial metastasis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanlei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Medical University, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Wen Zheng
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zilin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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16
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Kim B, Lopez AT, Thevarajan I, Osuna MF, Mallavarapu M, Gao B, Osborne JK. Unexpected Differences in the Speed of Non-Malignant versus Malignant Cell Migration Reveal Differential Basal Intracellular ATP Levels. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5519. [PMID: 38067222 PMCID: PMC10705159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular locomotion is required for survival, fertility, proper embryonic development, regeneration, and wound healing. Cell migration is a major component of metastasis, which accounts for two-thirds of all solid tumor deaths. While many studies have demonstrated increased energy requirements, metabolic rates, and migration of cancer cells compared with normal cells, few have systematically compared normal and cancer cell migration as well as energy requirements side by side. Thus, we investigated how non-malignant and malignant cells migrate, utilizing several cell lines from the breast and lung. Initial screening was performed in an unbiased high-throughput manner for the ability to migrate/invade on collagen and/or Matrigel. We unexpectedly observed that all the non-malignant lung cells moved significantly faster than cells derived from lung tumors regardless of the growth media used. Given the paradigm-shifting nature of our discovery, we pursued the mechanisms that could be responsible. Neither mass, cell doubling, nor volume accounted for the individual speed and track length of the normal cells. Non-malignant cells had higher levels of intracellular ATP at premigratory-wound induction stages. Meanwhile, cancer cells also increased intracellular ATP at premigratory-wound induction, but not to the levels of the normal cells, indicating the possibility for further therapeutic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bareun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Anthony T. Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Indhujah Thevarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria F. Osuna
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Monica Mallavarapu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Boning Gao
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Jihan K. Osborne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.K.); (A.T.L.); (I.T.); (M.F.O.); (M.M.)
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17
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Jiang Z, Ju YJ, Ali A, Chung PED, Wang DY, Liu JC, Li H, Vorobieva I, Mwewa E, Ghanbari-Azarnier R, Shrestha M, Ben-David Y, Zacksenhaus E. Thinking (Metastasis) outside the (Primary Tumor) Box. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5315. [PMID: 38001575 PMCID: PMC10670606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastasis of tumor cells into vital organs is a major cause of death from diverse types of malignancies [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jiang
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Young-Jun Ju
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Amjad Ali
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Philip E. D. Chung
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dong-Yu Wang
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Jeff C. Liu
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;
| | - Huiqin Li
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Ioulia Vorobieva
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ethel Mwewa
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
| | - Ronak Ghanbari-Azarnier
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mariusz Shrestha
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- The Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute—University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, Suite 5R406, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada (Y.-J.J.); (A.A.); (D.-Y.W.); (H.L.); (E.M.); (R.G.-A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
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18
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Shinada M, Kato D, Motegi T, Tsuboi M, Ikeda N, Aoki S, Iguchi T, Li T, Kodera Y, Ota R, Hashimoto Y, Takahashi Y, Chambers J, Uchida K, Kato Y, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Podoplanin Drives Amoeboid Invasion in Canine and Human Mucosal Melanoma. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:1205-1219. [PMID: 37493578 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal melanoma metastasizes at an early stage of the disease in human and dog. We revealed that overexpression of podoplanin in tumor invasion fronts (IF) was related to poor prognosis of dogs with mucosal melanoma. Moreover, podoplanin expressed in canine mucosal melanoma cells promotes proliferation and aggressive amoeboid invasion by activating Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)-myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) signaling. PDPN-ROCK-MLC2 signaling plays a role in cell-cycle arrest and cellular senescence escape as a mechanism for regulating proliferation. Podoplanin induces amoeboid invasion in the IFs of mouse xenografted tumor tissues, similar to canine mucosal melanoma clinical samples. We further identified that podoplanin expression was related to poor prognosis of human patients with mucosal melanoma, and human mucosal melanoma with podoplanin-high expression enriched gene signatures related to amoeboid invasion, similar to canine mucosal melanoma. Overall, we propose that podoplanin promotes canine and human mucosal melanoma metastasis by inducing aggressive amoeboid invasion and naturally occurring canine mucosal melanoma can be a novel research model for podoplanin expressing human mucosal melanoma. IMPLICATIONS Podoplanin could be a new therapeutic target to restrict the metastatic dissemination of canine and human mucosal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shinada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Motegi
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiko Ikeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Aoki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Iguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Kodera
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Hashimoto
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Takahashi
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Samain R, Maiques O, Monger J, Lam H, Candido J, George S, Ferrari N, KohIhammer L, Lunetto S, Varela A, Orgaz JL, Vilardell F, Olsina JJ, Matias-Guiu X, Sarker D, Biddle A, Balkwill FR, Eyles J, Wilkinson RW, Kocher HM, Calvo F, Wells CM, Sanz-Moreno V. CD73 controls Myosin II-driven invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression in amoeboid pancreatic cancer cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0244. [PMID: 37851808 PMCID: PMC10584351 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a very poor prognosis because of its high propensity to metastasize and its immunosuppressive microenvironment. Using a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines, three-dimensional (3D) invasion systems, microarray gene signatures, microfluidic devices, mouse models, and intravital imaging, we demonstrate that ROCK-Myosin II activity in PDAC cells supports a transcriptional program conferring amoeboid invasive and immunosuppressive traits and in vivo metastatic abilities. Moreover, we find that immune checkpoint CD73 is highly expressed in amoeboid PDAC cells and drives their invasive, metastatic, and immunomodulatory traits. Mechanistically, CD73 activates RhoA-ROCK-Myosin II downstream of PI3K. Tissue microarrays of human PDAC biopsies combined with bioinformatic analysis reveal that rounded-amoeboid invasive cells with high CD73-ROCK-Myosin II activity and their immunosuppressive microenvironment confer poor prognosis to patients. We propose targeting amoeboid PDAC cells as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Samain
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joanne Monger
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hoyin Lam
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- GSK, R&D Portfolio, Strategy and Business Insights, GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Juliana Candido
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Samantha George
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Early Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leonie KohIhammer
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sophia Lunetto
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Adrian Varela
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jose L. Orgaz
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felip Vilardell
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jorge Juan Olsina
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- IRBLLEIDA, IDIBELL, University Hospita of Bellvitge, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Debashis Sarker
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jim Eyles
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | | | - Hemant M. Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Barts and the London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, c/ Albert Einstein 22, E39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Claire M. Wells
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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20
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Sgarzi M, Mazzeschi M, Santi S, Montacci E, Panciera T, Ferlizza E, Girone C, Morselli A, Gelfo V, Kuhre RS, Cavallo C, Valente S, Pasquinelli G, Győrffy B, D'Uva G, Romaniello D, Lauriola M. Aberrant MET activation impairs perinuclear actin cap organization with YAP1 cytosolic relocation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1044. [PMID: 37838732 PMCID: PMC10576810 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the signaling network responsible for the organization of the perinuclear actin cap, a recently identified structure holding unique roles in the regulation of nuclear shape and cell directionality. In cancer cells expressing a constitutively active MET, we show a rearrangement of the actin cap filaments, which crash into perinuclear patches associated with spherical nuclei, meandering cell motility and inactivation of the mechano-transducer YAP1. MET ablation is sufficient to reactivate YAP1 and restore the cap, leading to enhanced directionality and flattened nuclei. Consistently, the introduction of a hyperactive MET in normal epithelial cells, enhances nuclear height and alters the cap organization, as also confirmed by TEM analysis. Finally, the constitutively active YAP1 mutant YAP5SA is able to overcome the effects of oncogenic MET. Overall, our work describes a signaling axis empowering MET-mediated YAP1 dampening and actin cap misalignment, with implications for nuclear shape and cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sgarzi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Spartaco Santi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS-Institute Orthopaedic Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Montacci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Enea Ferlizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Girone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Gelfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rikke Sofie Kuhre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Cavallo
- Laboratory of Preclinical Studies for Regenerative Medicine of the Musculoskeletal System (RAMSES), (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Balazs Győrffy
- Semmelweis University Dept. of Bioinformatics and 2nd Dept. Of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Bologna University Hospital Authority St. Orsola -Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.
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21
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Kim Y, Tram LTH, Kim KA, Kim BC. Defining Integrin Tension Required for Chemotaxis of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells in Confinement. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202747. [PMID: 37256848 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is affected by chemical factors and physical cues. From cell adhesion to migration, mechanical tension applied to integrin expresses on the cell membrane and physical confinement significantly regulates cancer cell behaviors. Despite the physical interplay between integrins in cells and ligands in the tumor microenvironment, quantitative analysis of integrin tension during cancer cell migration in microconfined spaces remains elusive owing to the limited experimental tools. Herein, a platform termed microconfinement tension gauge tether to monitor spatial integrin tension with single-molecule precision by analyzing the epithelial-growth-factor-induced chemotaxis of metastatic human breast cancer cells in microfluidic channels is developed. The results reveal that the metastatic cancer cells exert the strongest integrin tension in the range of 54-100 pN at the leading edges of cells during chemokinetic migration on a planar surface, while the cells exert the strongest integrin tension exceeding 100 pN at the cell rear when entering microconfinement. Further analysis demonstrates that cells undergo mesenchymal migration under high integrin tension and less confinement, which is converted to amoeboid migration under low integrin tension or high confinement. In summary, the results identify a basic mechanism underlying the mechanical interactions between integrin tension and microenvironment that determines cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kim
- Department of Nano-bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Hong Tram
- Department of Nano-bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Kim
- Department of Nano-bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Choul Kim
- Department of Nano-bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
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22
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Mielnicka A, Kołodziej T, Dziob D, Lasota S, Sroka J, Rajfur Z. Impact of elastic substrate on the dynamic heterogeneity of WC256 Walker carcinosarcoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15743. [PMID: 37735532 PMCID: PMC10514059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is a phenomenon in which cell populations are composed of subpopulations that vary in their behavior. Heterogeneity is particularly pronounced in cancer cells and can affect the efficacy of oncological therapies. Previous studies have considered heterogeneity dynamics to be indicative of evolutionary changes within subpopulations; however, these studies do not consider the short-time morphological plasticity of cells. Physical properties of the microenvironment elasticity have also been poorly investigated within the context of cellular heterogeneity, despite its role in determining cellular behavior. This article demonstrates that cellular heterogeneity can be highly dynamic and dependent on the micromechanical properties of the substrate. During observation, migrating Walker carcinosarcoma WC256 cells were observed to belong to different subpopulations, in which their morphologies and migration strategies differed. Furthermore, the application of an elastic substrate (E = 40 kPa) modified three aspects of cellular heterogeneity: the occurrence of subpopulations, the occurrence of transitions between subpopulations, and cellular migration and morphology. These findings provide a new perspective in the analysis of cellular heterogeneity, whereby it may not be a static feature of cancer cell populations, instead varying over time. This helps further the understanding of cancer cell behavior, including their phenotype and migration strategy, which may help to improve cancer therapies by extending their suitability to investigate tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mielnicka
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
- BRAINCITY, Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, ul. Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kołodziej
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Daniel Dziob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sławomir Lasota
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Sroka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
- Jagiellonian Center of Biomedical Imaging, Jagiellonian University, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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23
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Martinez-Marin D, Helmer RA, Kaur G, Washburn RL, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Sennone SR, Dufour JM, Chilton BS. Helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF)-deleted CDX/TME model of colorectal cancer increased transcription of oxidative phosphorylation genes and diverted glycolysis to boost S-glutathionylation in lymphatic intravascular metastatic niches. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291023. [PMID: 37682902 PMCID: PMC10490896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF) also known as SMARCA3, protects genome integrity. A tumor suppressor, HLTF is expressed in tumor cells but not in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC). With disease progression, there is high concordance between epigenetic silencing of HLTF in CRC cells and negligible HLTF expression in the TME. We developed a cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) model and show for the first time that HLTF-deletion in cancer cells and the TME results in metabolic reprogramming that mitigates oxidative stress in lymphatic intravascular metastatic niches. The two metabolic pathways that derive energy from glucose-glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-are variously utilized by cancer cells depending upon the TME. HIF-1α, a master regulator of glycolysis, was eliminated from a role in reprogramming metabolism to satisfy CDX energetic requirements by RNAseq and spatial transcriptomics. Variability in the gut microbiome, with a putative role in altered metabolism, was also eliminated. HLTF-deleted cancer cells recovered from DNA damage at a transcriptomic level induction of DNA repair and OXPHOS genes linked to an amoeboid-associated phenotype at the tumor border (confocal microscopy). HLTF-deleted cancer and endothelial cells of lymphatic (PDPN) intravascular niches in the TME shared a site-specific protein S-glutathionylation signature (2D DIGE, MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry) for three glycolytic enzymes (PGK1 Cys379/380, PGAM1 Cys55, ENOA1 Cys119) that diverted glycolysis in support of continued glutathione biosynthesis. The collective absence of HLTF/Hltf from tumor and TME achieved redox homeostasis throughout the CDX and promoted metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Martinez-Marin
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rebecca A. Helmer
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Current address: Garrison Independent School District, Garrison, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rachel L. Washburn
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Raul Martinez-Zaguilan
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Souad R. Sennone
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jannette M. Dufour
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research, Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Beverly S. Chilton
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research, Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
- School of Medicine Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
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24
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He Y, Goyette MA, Chapelle J, Boufaied N, Al Rahbani J, Schonewolff M, Danek EI, Muller WJ, Labbé DP, Côté JF, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP is a talin-binding protein and a target of TGF-β signaling that promotes HER2-positive breast cancer growth and metastasis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112936. [PMID: 37552602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis, which is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Here, we show that Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) promotes tumor formation and metastasis to lungs in the HER2-positive (HER2+) murine breast cancer model. CdGAP facilitates intravasation, extravasation, and growth at metastatic sites. CdGAP depletion in HER2+ murine primary tumors mediates crosstalk with a Dlc1-RhoA pathway and is associated with a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced EMT transcriptional signature. CdGAP is positively regulated by TGF-β signaling during EMT and interacts with the adaptor talin to modulate focal adhesion dynamics and integrin activation. Moreover, HER2+ breast cancer patients with high CdGAP mRNA expression combined with a high TGF-β-EMT signature are more likely to present lymph node invasion. Our results suggest CdGAP as a candidate therapeutic target for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer by inhibiting TGF-β and integrin/talin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Goyette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jalal Al Rahbani
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Maribel Schonewolff
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Eric I Danek
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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25
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Jablonski KP, Beerenwinkel N. Coherent pathway enrichment estimation by modeling inter-pathway dependencies using regularized regression. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad522. [PMID: 37610338 PMCID: PMC10471899 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Gene set enrichment methods are a common tool to improve the interpretability of gene lists as obtained, for example, from differential gene expression analyses. They are based on computing whether dysregulated genes are located in certain biological pathways more often than expected by chance. Gene set enrichment tools rely on pre-existing pathway databases such as KEGG, Reactome, or the Gene Ontology. These databases are increasing in size and in the number of redundancies between pathways, which complicates the statistical enrichment computation. RESULTS We address this problem and develop a novel gene set enrichment method, called pareg, which is based on a regularized generalized linear model and directly incorporates dependencies between gene sets related to certain biological functions, for example, due to shared genes, in the enrichment computation. We show that pareg is more robust to noise than competing methods. Additionally, we demonstrate the ability of our method to recover known pathways as well as to suggest novel treatment targets in an exploratory analysis using breast cancer samples from TCGA. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION pareg is freely available as an R package on Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/pareg.html) as well as on https://github.com/cbg-ethz/pareg. The GitHub repository also contains the Snakemake workflows needed to reproduce all results presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Philipp Jablonski
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Niko Beerenwinkel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel 4058, Switzerland
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26
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Tearle JL, Arjunan SN, Tay SS, Colakoglu F, Cremasco J, Golo M, Biro M. Targeted Single-cell Isolation of Spontaneously Escaping Live Melanoma Cells for Comparative Transcriptomics. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1524-1537. [PMID: 37575281 PMCID: PMC10416804 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Solid cancer cells escape the primary tumor mass by transitioning from an epithelial-like state to an invasive migratory state. As they escape, metastatic cancer cells employ interchangeable modes of invasion, transitioning between fibroblast-like mesenchymal movement to amoeboid migration, where cells display a rounded morphology and navigate the extracellular matrix in a protease-independent manner. However, the gene transcripts that orchestrate the switch between epithelial, mesenchymal, and amoeboid states remain incompletely mapped, mainly due to a lack of methodologies that allow the direct comparison of the transcriptomes of spontaneously invasive cancer cells in distinct migratory states. Here, we report a novel single-cell isolation technique that provides detailed three-dimensional data on melanoma growth and invasion, and enables the isolation of live, spontaneously invasive cancer cells with distinct morphologies and invasion parameters. Via the expression of a photoconvertible fluorescent protein, compact epithelial-like cells at the periphery of a melanoma mass, elongated cells in the process of leaving the mass, and rounded amoeboid cells invading away from the mass were tagged, isolated, and subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 462 differentially expressed genes were identified, from which two candidate proteins were selected for further pharmacologic perturbation, yielding striking effects on tumor escape and invasion, in line with the predictions from the transcriptomics data. This work describes a novel, adaptable, and readily implementable method for the analysis of the earliest phases of tumor escape and metastasis, and its application to the identification of genes underpinning the invasiveness of malignant melanoma. Significance This work describes a readily implementable method that allows for the isolation of individual live tumor cells of interest for downstream analyses, and provides the single-cell transcriptomes of melanoma cells at distinct invasive states, both of which open avenues for in-depth investigations into the transcriptional regulation of the earliest phases of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L.E. Tearle
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Present address: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Satya N.V. Arjunan
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Present address: Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Szun S. Tay
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Feyza Colakoglu
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - James Cremasco
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Present address: Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matteo Golo
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maté Biro
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science node, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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27
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Jiang Z, Ju Y, Ali A, Chung PED, Skowron P, Wang DY, Shrestha M, Li H, Liu JC, Vorobieva I, Ghanbari-Azarnier R, Mwewa E, Koritzinsky M, Ben-David Y, Woodgett JR, Perou CM, Dupuy A, Bader GD, Egan SE, Taylor MD, Zacksenhaus E. Distinct shared and compartment-enriched oncogenic networks drive primary versus metastatic breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4313. [PMID: 37463901 PMCID: PMC10354065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast-cancer is a major cause of death in women worldwide, yet the relationship between oncogenic drivers that promote metastatic versus primary cancer is still contentious. To elucidate this relationship in treatment-naive animals, we hereby describe mammary-specific transposon-mutagenesis screens in female mice together with loss-of-function Rb, which is frequently inactivated in breast-cancer. We report gene-centric common insertion-sites (gCIS) that are enriched in primary-tumors, in metastases or shared by both compartments. Shared-gCIS comprise a major MET-RAS network, whereas metastasis-gCIS form three additional hubs: Rho-signaling, Ubiquitination and RNA-processing. Pathway analysis of four clinical cohorts with paired primary-tumors and metastases reveals similar organization in human breast-cancer with subtype-specific shared-drivers (e.g. RB1-loss, TP53-loss, high MET, RAS, ER), primary-enriched (EGFR, TGFβ and STAT3) and metastasis-enriched (RHO, PI3K) oncogenic signaling. Inhibitors of RB1-deficiency or MET plus RHO-signaling cooperate to block cell migration and drive tumor cell-death. Thus, targeting shared- and metastasis- but not primary-enriched derivers offers a rational avenue to prevent metastatic breast-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jiang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - YoungJun Ju
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Amjad Ali
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Philip E D Chung
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patryk Skowron
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dong-Yu Wang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mariusz Shrestha
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Huiqin Li
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jeff C Liu
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ioulia Vorobieva
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ronak Ghanbari-Azarnier
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ethel Mwewa
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | | | - Yaacov Ben-David
- The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550014, China
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - James R Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Genetics and Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Adam Dupuy
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sean E Egan
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 101 College Street, Max Bell Research Centre, suite 5R406, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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28
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Rigillo G, Belluti S, Campani V, Ragazzini G, Ronzio M, Miserocchi G, Bighi B, Cuoghi L, Mularoni V, Zappavigna V, Dolfini D, Mercatali L, Alessandrini A, Imbriano C. The NF-Y splicing signature controls hybrid EMT and ECM-related pathways to promote aggressiveness of colon cancer. Cancer Lett 2023:216262. [PMID: 37307894 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant splicing events are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and provide new opportunities for tumor diagnosis and treatment. The expression of the splice variants of NF-YA, the DNA binding subunit of the transcription factor NF-Y, is deregulated in multiple cancer types compared to healthy tissues. NF-YAs and NF-YAl isoforms differ in the transactivation domain, which may result in distinct transcriptional programs. In this study, we demonstrated that the NF-YAl transcript is higher in aggressive mesenchymal CRCs and predicts shorter patients' survival. In 2D and 3D conditions, CRC cells overexpressing NF-YAl (NF-YAlhigh) exhibit reduced cell proliferation, rapid single cell amoeboid-like migration, and form irregular spheroids with poor cell-to-cell adhesion. Compared to NF-YAshigh, NF-YAlhigh cells show changes in the transcription of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix and cell adhesion. NF-YAl and NF-YAs bind similarly to the promoter of the E-cadherin gene, but oppositely regulate its transcription. The increased metastatic potential of NF-YAlhigh cells in vivo was confirmed in zebrafish xenografts. These results suggest that the NF-YAl splice variant could be a new CRC prognostic factor and that splice-switching strategies may reduce metastatic CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rigillo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Belluti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Gregorio Ragazzini
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Mirko Ronzio
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Miserocchi
- Preclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bighi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Cuoghi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Mularoni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zappavigna
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Diletta Dolfini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Preclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy; CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Modena, Italy
| | - Carol Imbriano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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29
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Bhatia R, Chang J, Munoz JL, Walker ND. Forging New Therapeutic Targets: Efforts of Tumor Derived Exosomes to Prepare the Pre-Metastatic Niche for Cancer Cell Dissemination and Dormancy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1614. [PMID: 37371709 PMCID: PMC10295689 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes play a multifaceted role in preparing the pre-metastatic niche, promoting cancer dissemination, and regulating cancer cell dormancy. A brief review of three types of cells implicated in metastasis and an overview of other types of extracellular vesicles related to metastasis are described. A central focus of this review is on how exosomes influence cancer progression throughout metastatic disease. Exosomes are crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transferring their cargo to recipient cells, modulating their behavior, and promoting tumor pro-gression. First, their functional role in cancer cell dissemination in the peripheral blood by facilitating the establishment of a pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory niche is described during organotro-pism and in lymphatic-mediated metastasis. Second, tumor-derived exosomes can transfer molecular signals that induce cell cycle arrest, dormancy, and survival pathways in disseminated cells, promoting a dormant state are reviewed. Third, several studies highlight exosome involvement in maintaining cellular dormancy in the bone marrow endosteum. Finally, the clinical implications of exosomes as biomarkers or diagnostic tools for cancer progression are also outlined. Understanding the complex interplay between tumor-derived exosomes and the pre-metastatic niche is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies to target metastasis and prevent cancer recurrence. To that end, several examples of how exosomes or other nanocarriers are used as a drug delivery system to inhibit cancer metastasis are discussed. Strategies are discussed to alter exosome cargo content for better loading capacity or direct cell targeting by integrins. Further, pre-clinical models or Phase I clinical trials implementing exosomes or other nanocarriers to attack metastatic cancer cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranvir Bhatia
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Jessian L Munoz
- Division of Perinatal Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nykia D Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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30
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Šuráňová M, Ďuriš M, Štenglová Netíková I, Brábek J, Horák T, Jůzová V, Chmelík R, Veselý P. Primary assessment of medicines for expected migrastatic potential with holographic incoherent quantitative phase imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:2689-2708. [PMID: 37342686 PMCID: PMC10278600 DOI: 10.1364/boe.488630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumor metastases cause most cancer-related deaths. The prevention of their occurrence misses suitable anti-metastases medicines newly labeled as migrastatics. The first indication of migrastatics potential is based on an inhibition of in vitro enhanced migration of tumor cell lines. Therefore, we decided to develop a rapid test for qualifying the expected migrastatic potential of some drugs for repurposing. The chosen Q-PHASE holographic microscope provides reliable multifield time-lapse recording and simultaneous analysis of the cell morphology, migration, and growth. The results of the pilot assessment of the migrastatic potential exerted by the chosen medicines on selected cell lines are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Šuráňová
- Institute of Physical Engineering (IPE), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ďuriš
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Štenglová Netíková
- General University Hospital in Prague, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, and Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec (BIOCEV), Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Horák
- Institute of Physical Engineering (IPE), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jůzová
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Chmelík
- Institute of Physical Engineering (IPE), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Veselý
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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31
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Soleymani T, Chen TY, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Dogra N. The human neurosecretome: extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) of the brain for intercellular communication, therapy, and liquid-biopsy applications. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1156821. [PMID: 37266331 PMCID: PMC10229797 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1156821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that brain derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and particles (EPs) can cross blood-brain barrier and mediate communication among neurons, astrocytes, microglial, and other cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Yet, a complete understanding of the molecular landscape and function of circulating EVs & EPs (EVPs) remain a major gap in knowledge. This is mainly due to the lack of technologies to isolate and separate all EVPs of heterogeneous dimensions and low buoyant density. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the neurosecretome, including the extracellular vesicles that carry the molecular signature of the brain in both its microenvironment and the systemic circulation. We discuss the biogenesis of EVPs, their function, cell-to-cell communication, past and emerging isolation technologies, therapeutics, and liquid-biopsy applications. It is important to highlight that the landscape of EVPs is in a constant state of evolution; hence, we not only discuss the past literature and current landscape of the EVPs, but we also speculate as to how novel EVPs may contribute to the etiology of addiction, depression, psychiatric, neurodegenerative diseases, and aid in the real time monitoring of the "living brain". Overall, the neurosecretome is a concept we introduce here to embody the compendium of circulating particles of the brain for their function and disease pathogenesis. Finally, for the purpose of inclusion of all extracellular particles, we have used the term EVPs as defined by the International Society of Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taliah Soleymani
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tzu-Yi Chen
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova
- Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Navneet Dogra
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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32
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Matellan C, Lachowski D, Cortes E, Chiam KN, Krstic A, Thorpe SD, Del Río Hernández AE. Retinoic acid receptor β modulates mechanosensing and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells via myosin light chain 2. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:23. [PMID: 37130839 PMCID: PMC10154384 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and lethal form of pancreatic cancer, characterised by stromal remodelling, elevated matrix stiffness and high metastatic rate. Retinoids, compounds derived from vitamin A, have a history of clinical use in cancer for their anti-proliferative and differentiation effects, and more recently have been explored as anti-stromal therapies in PDAC for their ability to induce mechanical quiescence in cancer associated fibroblasts. Here, we demonstrate that retinoic acid receptor β (RAR-β) transcriptionally represses myosin light chain 2 (MLC-2) expression in pancreatic cancer cells. As a key regulatory component of the contractile actomyosin machinery, MLC-2 downregulation results in decreased cytoskeletal stiffness and traction force generation, impaired response to mechanical stimuli via mechanosensing and reduced ability to invade through the basement membrane. This work highlights the potential of retinoids to target the mechanical drivers of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dariusz Lachowski
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ernesto Cortes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai Ning Chiam
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aleksandar Krstic
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen D Thorpe
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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33
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Parlani M, Jorgez C, Friedl P. Plasticity of cancer invasion and energy metabolism. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:388-402. [PMID: 36328835 PMCID: PMC10368441 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Energy deprivation is a frequent adverse event in tumors that is caused by mutations, malperfusion, hypoxia, and nutrition deficit. The resulting bioenergetic stress leads to signaling and metabolic adaptation responses in tumor cells, secures survival, and adjusts migration activity. The kinetic responses of cancer cells to energy deficit were recently identified, including a switch of invasive cancer cells to energy-conservative amoeboid migration and an enhanced capability for distant metastasis. We review the energy programs employed by different cancer invasion modes including collective, mesenchymal, and amoeboid migration, as well as their interconversion in response to energy deprivation, and we discuss the consequences for metastatic escape. Understanding the energy requirements of amoeboid and other dissemination strategies offers rationales for improving therapeutic targeting of metastatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Parlani
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525GA, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Jorgez
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525GA, The Netherlands; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Genomics Center, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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34
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Qiu Y, Yan C, Zhao P, Zou Q. SSNMDI: a novel joint learning model of semi-supervised non-negative matrix factorization and data imputation for clustering of single-cell RNA-seq data. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7147025. [PMID: 37122068 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology attracts extensive attention in the biomedical field. It can be used to measure gene expression and analyze the transcriptome at the single-cell level, enabling the identification of cell types based on unsupervised clustering. Data imputation and dimension reduction are conducted before clustering because scRNA-seq has a high 'dropout' rate, noise and linear inseparability. However, independence of dimension reduction, imputation and clustering cannot fully characterize the pattern of the scRNA-seq data, resulting in poor clustering performance. Herein, we propose a novel and accurate algorithm, SSNMDI, that utilizes a joint learning approach to simultaneously perform imputation, dimensionality reduction and cell clustering in a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) framework. In addition, we integrate the cell annotation as prior information, then transform the joint learning into a semi-supervised NMF model. Through experiments on 14 datasets, we demonstrate that SSNMDI has a faster convergence speed, better dimensionality reduction performance and a more accurate cell clustering performance than previous methods, providing an accurate and robust strategy for analyzing scRNA-seq data. Biological analysis are also conducted to validate the biological significance of our method, including pseudotime analysis, gene ontology and survival analysis. We believe that we are among the first to introduce imputation, partial label information, dimension reduction and clustering to the single-cell field. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code for SSNMDI is available at https://github.com/yushanqiu/SSNMDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Qiu
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Shenzhen University, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Yan
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Shenzhen University, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Pu Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Quan Zou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610056, China
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35
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Neuendorf HM, Simmons JL, Boyle GM. Therapeutic targeting of anoikis resistance in cutaneous melanoma metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1183328. [PMID: 37181747 PMCID: PMC10169659 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1183328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of resistance to anoikis, the cell death induced by loss of adhesion to the extracellular matrix, is an absolute requirement for the survival of disseminating and circulating tumour cells (CTCs), and for the seeding of metastatic lesions. In melanoma, a range of intracellular signalling cascades have been identified as potential drivers of anoikis resistance, however a full understanding of the process is yet to be attained. Mechanisms of anoikis resistance pose an attractive target for the therapeutic treatment of disseminating and circulating melanoma cells. This review explores the range of small molecule, peptide and antibody inhibitors targeting molecules involved in anoikis resistance in melanoma, and may be repurposed to prevent metastatic melanoma prior to its initiation, potentially improving the prognosis for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Neuendorf
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacinta L. Simmons
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Glen M. Boyle
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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36
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Joshi VB, Gutierrez Ruiz OL, Razidlo GL. The Cell Biology of Metastatic Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer: Updates and Mechanistic Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072169. [PMID: 37046830 PMCID: PMC10093482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This is largely due to the lack of routine screening protocols, an absence of symptoms in early-stage disease leading to late detection, and a paucity of effective treatment options. Critically, the majority of patients either present with metastatic disease or rapidly develop metastatic disease. Thus, there is an urgent need to deepen our understanding of metastasis in PDAC. During metastasis, tumor cells escape from the primary tumor, enter the circulation, and travel to a distant site to form a secondary tumor. In order to accomplish this relatively rare event, tumor cells develop an enhanced ability to detach from the primary tumor, migrate into the surrounding matrix, and invade across the basement membrane. In addition, cancer cells interact with the various cell types and matrix proteins that comprise the tumor microenvironment, with some of these factors working to promote metastasis and others working to suppress it. In PDAC, many of these processes are not well understood. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in the cell biology of the early steps of the metastatic cascade in pancreatic cancer. Specifically, we will examine the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PDAC and its requirement for metastasis, summarize our understanding of how PDAC cells invade and degrade the surrounding matrix, and discuss how migration and adhesion dynamics are regulated in PDAC to optimize cancer cell motility. In addition, the role of the tumor microenvironment in PDAC will also be discussed for each of these invasive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhu B Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Omar L Gutierrez Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gina L Razidlo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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37
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Lu S, Lu T, Zhang J, Gan L, Wu X, Han D, Zhang K, Xu C, Liu S, Qin W, Yang F, Wen W. CD248 promotes migration and metastasis of osteosarcoma through ITGB1-mediated FAK-paxillin pathway activation. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:290. [PMID: 36997926 PMCID: PMC10061858 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor with a high incidence in children and adolescents. Frequent tumor metastasis and high postoperative recurrence are the most common challenges in OS. However, detailed mechanism is largely unknown. METHODS We examined the expression of CD248 in OS tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. We studied the biological function of CD248 in cell proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells by CCK8 assay, transwell and wound healing assay. We also studied its function in the metastasis of OS in vivo. At last, we explored the potential mechanism how CD248 promotes OS metastasis by using RNA-seq, western blot, immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation using CD248 knockdown OS cells. RESULTS CD248 was highly expressed in OS tissues and its high expression was correlated with pulmonary metastasis of OS. Knockdown of CD248 in OS cells significantly inhibited cell migration, invasion and metastasis, while had no obvious effect on cell proliferation. Lung metastasis in nude mice was significantly inhibited when CD248 was knocked down. Mechanistically, we found that CD248 could promote the interaction between ITGB1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins like CYR61 and FN, which activated the FAK-paxillin pathway to promote the formation of focal adhesion and metastasis of OS. CONCLUSION Our data showed that high CD248 expression is correlated with the metastatic potential of OS. CD248 may promote migration and metastasis through enhancing the interaction between ITGB1 and certain ECM proteins. Therefore, CD248 is a potential marker for diagnosis and effective target for the treatment of metastatic OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Lu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lunbiao Gan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinjie Wu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Donghui Han
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Fa Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Weihong Wen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Barcelo J, Samain R, Sanz-Moreno V. Preclinical to clinical utility of ROCK inhibitors in cancer. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:250-263. [PMID: 36599733 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
ROCK belongs to the AGC family of Ser/Thr protein kinases that are involved in many cellular processes. ROCK-driven actomyosin contractility regulates cytoskeletal dynamics underpinning cell migration, proliferation, and survival in many cancer types. ROCK1/2 play key protumorigenic roles in several subtypes and stages of cancer development. Therefore, successfully targeting ROCK and its downstream effectors presents an interesting avenue for cancer treatment. Because local use of ROCK inhibitors will reduce the side effects of systemic administration, we propose different therapeutic strategies and latest-generation ROCK inhibitors for use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Barcelo
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Remi Samain
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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39
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Xiao J, Shi P, Zhang L, Chen L. Five-year outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with primary extramammary Paget's disease: A retrospective study in Central China. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:140-143. [PMID: 36622802 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Dermatological Department, Wuhan NO 1 Hospital, WuHan, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Dermatological department, Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, WuHan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Wuhan NO 1 Hospital, WuHan, China
| | - Liuqing Chen
- Dermatological Department, Wuhan NO 1 Hospital, WuHan, China
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40
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Safarians G, Sohrabi A, Solomon I, Xiao W, Bastola S, Rajput BW, Epperson M, Rosenzweig I, Tamura K, Singer B, Huang J, Harrison MJ, Sanazzaro T, Condro MC, Kornblum HI, Seidlits SK. Glioblastoma Spheroid Invasion through Soft, Brain-Like Matrices Depends on Hyaluronic Acid-CD44 Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203143. [PMID: 36694362 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan abundant in the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), correlates with worse clinical outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. GBM cells aggressively invade the brain parenchyma while encountering spatiotemporal changes in their local ECM, including HA concentration. To investigate how varying HA concentrations affect GBM invasion, patient-derived GBM cells are cultured within a soft, 3D matrix in which HA concentration is precisely varied and cell migration observed. Data demonstrate that HA concentration can determine the invasive activity of patient-derived GBM cells in a biphasic and highly sensitive manner, where the absolute concentration of HA at which cell migration peaked is specific to each patient-derived line. Furthermore, evidence that this response relies on phosphorylated ezrin, which interacts with the intracellular domain of HA-engaged CD44 to effectively link the actin cytoskeleton to the local ECM is provided. Overall, this study highlights CD44-HA binding as a major mediator of GBM cell migration that acts independently of integrins and focal adhesion complexes and suggests that targeting HA-CD44-ezrin interactions represents a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent tumor cell invasion in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Itay Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Bushra W Rajput
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mary Epperson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Isabella Rosenzweig
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kelly Tamura
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Breahna Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mollie J Harrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Talia Sanazzaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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41
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George S, Martin JAJ, Graziani V, Sanz-Moreno V. Amoeboid migration in health and disease: Immune responses versus cancer dissemination. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1091801. [PMID: 36699013 PMCID: PMC9869768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is crucial for efficient immune responses and is aberrantly used by cancer cells during metastatic dissemination. Amoeboid migrating cells use myosin II-powered blebs to propel themselves, and change morphology and direction. Immune cells use amoeboid strategies to respond rapidly to infection or tissue damage, which require quick passage through several barriers, including blood, lymph and interstitial tissues, with complex and varied environments. Amoeboid migration is also used by metastatic cancer cells to aid their migration, dissemination and survival, whereby key mechanisms are hijacked from professionally motile immune cells. We explore important parallels observed between amoeboid immune and cancer cells. We also consider key distinctions that separate the lifespan, state and fate of these cell types as they migrate and/or fulfil their function. Finally, we reflect on unexplored areas of research that would enhance our understanding of how tumour cells use immune cell strategies during metastasis, and how to target these processes.
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42
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Siqueira JM, Heguedusch D, Rodini CO, Nunes FD, Rodrigues MFSD. Mechanisms involved in cancer stem cell resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:116-137. [PMID: 37065869 PMCID: PMC10099599 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite scientific advances in the Oncology field, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Molecular and cellular heterogeneity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant contributor to the unpredictability of the clinical response and failure in cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are recognized as a subpopulation of tumor cells that can drive and maintain tumorigenesis and metastasis, leading to poor prognosis in different types of cancer. CSCs exhibit a high level of plasticity, quickly adapting to the tumor microenvironment changes, and are intrinsically resistant to current chemo and radiotherapies. The mechanisms of CSC-mediated therapy resistance are not fully understood. However, they include different strategies used by CSCs to overcome challenges imposed by treatment, such as activation of DNA repair system, anti-apoptotic mechanisms, acquisition of quiescent state and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increased drug efflux capacity, hypoxic environment, protection by the CSC niche, overexpression of stemness related genes, and immune surveillance. Complete elimination of CSCs seems to be the main target for achieving tumor control and improving overall survival for cancer patients. This review will focus on the multi-factorial mechanisms by which CSCs are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in HNSCC, supporting the use of possible strategies to overcome therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mota Siqueira
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele Heguedusch
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Rodini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 17012-230, Brazil
| | - Fabio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
- Correspondence to: PhD. Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues. Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249 - Liberdade, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil. E-mail:
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43
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Pawluchin A, Galic M. Moving through a changing world: Single cell migration in 2D vs. 3D. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1080995. [PMID: 36605722 PMCID: PMC9810339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1080995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of single adherent cells is frequently observed in the developing and adult organism and has been the subject of many studies. Yet, while elegant work has elucidated molecular and mechanical cues affecting motion dynamics on a flat surface, it remains less clear how cells migrate in a 3D setting. In this review, we explore the changing parameters encountered by cells navigating through a 3D microenvironment compared to cells crawling on top of a 2D surface, and how these differences alter subcellular structures required for propulsion. We further discuss how such changes at the micro-scale impact motion pattern at the macro-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pawluchin
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,CIM-IMRPS Graduate Program, Münster, Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,*Correspondence: Milos Galic,
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44
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Čada Š, Vondálová Blanářová O, Gömoryová K, Mikulová A, Bačovská P, Zezula N, Kumari Jadaun A, Janovská P, Plešingerová H, Bryja V. Role of casein kinase 1 in the amoeboid migration of B-cell leukemic and lymphoma cells: A quantitative live imaging in the confined environment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:911966. [PMID: 36561363 PMCID: PMC9763939 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.911966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The migratory properties of leukemic cells are commonly associated with their pathological potential and can significantly affect the disease progression. While the research in immunopathology mostly employed powerful indirect methods such as flow cytometry, these cells were rarely observed directly using live imaging microscopy. This is especially true for the malignant cells of the B-cell lineage, such as those originating from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In this study, we employed open-source image analysis tools to automatically and quantitatively describe the amoeboid migration of four B-cell leukemic and lymphoma cell lines and primary CLL cells. To avoid the effect of the shear stress of the medium on these usually non-adherent cells, we have confined the cells using a modified under-agarose assay. Surprisingly, the behavior of tested cell lines differed substantially in terms of basal motility or response to chemokines and VCAM1 stimulation. Since casein kinase 1 (CK1) was reported as a regulator of B-cell migration and a promoter of CLL, we looked at the effects of CK1 inhibition in more detail. Migration analysis revealed that CK1 inhibition induced rapid negative effects on the migratory polarity of these cells, which was quantitatively and morphologically distinct from the effect of ROCK inhibition. We have set up an assay that visualizes endocytic vesicles in the uropod and facilitates morphological analysis. This assay hints that the effect of CK1 inhibition might be connected to defects in polarized intracellular transport. In summary, 1) we introduce and validate a pipeline for the imaging and quantitative assessment of the amoeboid migration of CLL/MCL cells, 2) we provide evidence that the assay is sensitive enough to mechanistically study migration defects identified by the transwell assay, and 3) we describe the polarity defects induced by inhibition or deletion of CK1ε.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Čada
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Kristína Gömoryová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Antónia Mikulová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petra Bačovská
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Nikodém Zezula
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Alka Kumari Jadaun
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavlína Janovská
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hana Plešingerová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia,*Correspondence: Vítězslav Bryja,
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45
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Galbraith M, Levine H, Onuchic JN, Jia D. Decoding the coupled decision-making of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metabolic reprogramming in cancer. iScience 2022; 26:105719. [PMID: 36582834 PMCID: PMC9792913 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis relies on an orchestration of traits driven by different interacting functional modules, including metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During metastasis, cancer cells can acquire a hybrid metabolic phenotype (W/O) by increasing oxidative phosphorylation without compromising glycolysis and they can acquire a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype by engaging EMT. Both the W/O and E/M states are associated with high metastatic potentials, and many regulatory links coupling metabolism and EMT have been identified. Here, we investigate the coupled decision-making networks of metabolism and EMT. Their crosstalk can exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects on the acquisition and stability of different coupled metabolism-EMT states. Strikingly, the aggressive E/M-W/O state can be enabled and stabilized by the crosstalk irrespective of these hybrid states' availability in individual metabolism or EMT modules. Our work emphasizes the mutual activation between metabolism and EMT, providing an important step toward understanding the multifaceted nature of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Galbraith
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA02115, USA,Corresponding author
| | - José N. Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Corresponding author
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46
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NECTIN1 is a melanoma metastasis suppressor gene. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1776-1777. [PMID: 36401088 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Mittler F, Obeïd P, Haguet V, Allier C, Gerbaud S, Rulina AV, Gidrol X, Balakirev MY. Mechanical stress shapes the cancer cell response to neddylation inhibition. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:115. [PMID: 35354476 PMCID: PMC8966269 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The inhibition of neddylation by the preclinical drug MLN4924 represents a new strategy to combat cancer. However, despite being effective against hematologic malignancies, its success in solid tumors, where cell–cell and cell-ECM interactions play essential roles, remains elusive. Methods Here, we studied the effects of MLN4924 on cell growth, migration and invasion in cultured prostate cancer cells and in disease-relevant prostate tumoroids. Using focused protein profiling, drug and RNAi screening, we analyzed cellular pathways activated by neddylation inhibition. Results We show that mechanical stress induced by MLN4924 in prostate cancer cells significantly affects the therapeutic outcome. The latter depends on the cell type and involves distinct Rho isoforms. In LNCaP and VCaP cells, the stimulation of RhoA and RhoB by MLN4924 markedly upregulates the level of tight junction proteins at cell–cell contacts, which augments the mechanical strain induced by Rho signaling. This “tight junction stress response” (TJSR) causes the collapse of cell monolayers and a characteristic rupture of cancer spheroids. Notably, TJSR is a major cause of drug-induced apoptosis in these cells. On the other hand, in PC3 cells that underwent partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the stimulation of RhoC induces an adverse effect by promoting amoeboid cell scattering and invasion. We identified complementary targets and drugs that allow for the induction of TJSR without stimulating RhoC. Conclusions Our finding that MLN4924 acts as a mechanotherapeutic opens new ways to improve the efficacy of neddylation inhibition as an anticancer approach. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02328-y.
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Substrate Type and Concentration Differently Affect Colon Cancer Cells Ultrastructural Morphology, EMT Markers, and Matrix Degrading Enzymes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121786. [PMID: 36551219 PMCID: PMC9775446 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study was to understand the behavior of colon cancer LoVo-R cells (doxorubicin-resistant) vs. LoVo-S (doxorubicin sensitive) in the initial steps of extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion. We investigated how the matrix substrates Matrigel and type I collagen-mimicking the basement membrane (BM) and the normal or desmoplastic lamina propria, respectively-could affect the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, matrix-degrading enzymes, and phenotypes. Gene expression with RT-qPCR, E-cadherin protein expression using Western blot, and phenotypes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were analyzed. The type and different concentrations of matrix substrates differently affected colon cancer cells. In LoVo-S cells, the higher concentrated collagen, mimicking the desmoplastic lamina propria, strongly induced EMT, as also confirmed by the expression of Snail, metalloproteases (MMPs)-2, -9, -14 and heparanase (HPSE), as well as mesenchymal phenotypes. Stimulation in E-cadherin expression in LoVo-S groups suggests that these cells develop a hybrid EMT phenotype. Differently, LoVo-R cells did not increase their aggressiveness: no changes in EMT markers, matrix effectors, and phenotypes were evident. The low influence of ECM components in LoVo-R cells might be related to their intrinsic aggressiveness related to chemoresistance. These results improve understanding of the critical role of tumor microenvironment in colon cancer cell invasion, driving the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Chemokine/GPCR Signaling-Mediated EMT in Cancer Metastasis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2208176. [PMID: 36268282 PMCID: PMC9578795 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2208176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis, the chief cause of cancer-related deaths, is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the tumor microenvironment, EMT can be triggered by chemokine/G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, which is closely associated with tumor progression. However, the functional links between chemokine/GPCR signaling-mediated EMT and metastasis remain unclear. Herein, we summarized the mechanisms of chemokine/GPCR signaling-mediated EMT with an insight into facilitating metastasis and clarified the role of chemokine in the local invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization, respectively. Moreover, several potential pathways that might contribute to EMT based on the latest studies on GPCR signaling were proposed, including signaling mediated by G protein, β-arrestin, intracellular, dimerization activation, and transactivation. However, there is still limited evidence to support the EMT programme functional contribution to metastasis, which keeps a key question still open whether we should target EMT programme of cancer cells. Answers to that question might help develop an anticancer strategy or guide new directions for anticancer metastasis therapy.
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50
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Alexandrova A, Lomakina M. How does plasticity of migration help tumor cells to avoid treatment: Cytoskeletal regulators and potential markers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962652. [PMID: 36278174 PMCID: PMC9582651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor shrinkage as a result of antitumor therapy is not the only and sufficient indicator of treatment success. Cancer progression leads to dissemination of tumor cells and formation of metastases - secondary tumor lesions in distant organs. Metastasis is associated with acquisition of mobile phenotype by tumor cells as a result of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and further cell migration based on cytoskeleton reorganization. The main mechanisms of individual cell migration are either mesenchymal, which depends on the activity of small GTPase Rac, actin polymerization, formation of adhesions with extracellular matrix and activity of proteolytic enzymes or amoeboid, which is based on the increase in intracellular pressure caused by the enhancement of actin cortex contractility regulated by Rho-ROCK-MLCKII pathway, and does not depend on the formation of adhesive structures with the matrix, nor on the activity of proteases. The ability of tumor cells to switch from one motility mode to another depending on cell context and environmental conditions, termed migratory plasticity, contributes to the efficiency of dissemination and often allows the cells to avoid the applied treatment. The search for new therapeutic targets among cytoskeletal proteins offers an opportunity to directly influence cell migration. For successful treatment it is important to assess the likelihood of migratory plasticity in a particular tumor. Therefore, the search for specific markers that can indicate a high probability of migratory plasticity is very important.
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