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Sun J, Zhao N, Zhang R, Li Y, Yu T, Nong Q, Lin L, Yang X, Luan T, Chen B, Huang Y. Metabolic landscape of human alveolar type II epithelial cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced directly by silica exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 149:676-687. [PMID: 39181677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis. However, molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed. Herein, metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549 cells) exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches. A total of 84 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT, which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids (e.g., glutamate, alanine, aspartate), purine metabolism, glycolysis, etc. The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica. Remarkably, glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells, and the levels of related metabolites (e.g., succinate) and enzymes (e.g., α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) dehydrogenase) were substantially up-regulated, with a preference to α-KG pathway. Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail (zinc finger transcription factor). Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yizheng Li
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Tiantian Yu
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 540080, China
| | - Qiying Nong
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xubin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Baowei Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China.
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
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Zhao T, Liu X, Chu Z, Zhao J, Jiang D, Dong X, Lu Z, Yeung KWK, Liu X, Ouyang L. L-arginine loading porous PEEK promotes percutaneous tissue repair through macrophage orchestration. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:19-33. [PMID: 38882001 PMCID: PMC11179658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection and poor tissue repair are the key causes of percutaneous implantation failure. However, there is a lack of effective strategies to cope with due to its high requirements of sterilization, soft tissue healing, and osseointegration. In this work, l-arginine (L-Arg) was loaded onto a sulfonated polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface to solve this issue. Under the infection condition, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced through catalyzing L-Arg by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thus play a role in bacteria sterilization. Under the tissue repair condition, L-Arg is catalyzed to ornithine by Arginase-1 (Arg-1), which promotes the proliferation and collagen secretion of L929 and rBMSCs. Notably, L-Arg loading samples could polarize macrophages to M1 and M2 in infection and tissue repair conditions, respectively. The results in vivo show that the L-Arg loading samples could enhance infected soft tissue sealing and bone regeneration. In summary, L-Arg loading sulfonated PEEK could polarize macrophage through metabolic reprogramming, providing multi-functions of antibacterial abilities, soft tissue repair, and bone regeneration, which gives a new idea to design percutaneous implantation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xingdan Liu
- Laboratory of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- Laboratory of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Dongya Jiang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xiaohua Dong
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Ziyi Lu
- Laboratory of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Kelvin W K Yeung
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for Orthopaedic Trauma Repair, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Liping Ouyang
- Laboratory of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
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Ma X, Wu W, Hara M, Zhou J, Panzarin C, Schafer CM, Griffin CT, Cai J, Ma JX, Takahashi Y. Deficient RPE mitochondrial energetics leads to subretinal fibrosis in age-related neovascular macular degeneration. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1075. [PMID: 39223298 PMCID: PMC11369096 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Subretinal fibrosis permanently impairs the vision of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Despite emerging evidence revealing the association between disturbed metabolism in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and subretinal fibrosis, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed, prior to subretinal fibrosis, genes in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation are downregulated in the RPE lacking very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), especially the rate-limiting enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A). We found that overexpression of CPT1A in the RPE of Vldlr-/- mice suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis. Mechanistically, TGFβ2 induces fibrosis by activating a Warburg-like effect, i.e. increased glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial respiration through ERK-dependent CPT1A degradation. Moreover, VLDLR blocks the formation of the TGFβ receptor I/II complex by interacting with unglycosylated TGFβ receptor II. In conclusion, VLDLR suppresses fibrosis by attenuating TGFβ2-induced metabolic reprogramming, and CPT1A is a potential target for treating subretinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Miwa Hara
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Junwen Zhou
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carolina Panzarin
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Christopher M Schafer
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Courtney T Griffin
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jiyang Cai
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Wu T, Wang Y, Xia Y, Sun C, Ji J, Guo H, Zhao R, Li J, Tao X, Gu Z. Causal association of basal metabolic rate on systemic sclerosis: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:553. [PMID: 39172247 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Prior evidence suggests that altered energy metabolism plays a crucial role in the development of fibrotic diseases. Recent research indicates that systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients have potentially benefited from energy management, implying that basal metabolic rate (BMR), a vital energy metabolic parameter, may be related to SSc. However, the causal effect of BMR on SSc remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the causal links between BMR and SSc. Based on summary statistics from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to explore causality between BMR and SSc. The causal relationships were assessed employing inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) methods. Meanwhile, several sensitivity analyses were carried out to ensure the robustness of the findings. There was an underlying genetic association of BMR on SSc (OR = 0.505, 95% CI: 0.272-0.936, P = 0.030). Moreover, no significant causal effect between SSc and BMR was observed in the reverse MR analysis (OR = 0.999, 95% CI: 0.997-1.001, P = 0.292). According to the sensitivity analysis, the presence of heterogeneity and genetic pleiotropy was not detected. Our findings, derived from a genetic perspective, provide robust evidence of a causal connection between BMR and SSc. To verify these results and clarify the potential mechanisms, further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunfei Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juan Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xinyu Tao
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Narala VR, Narala SR, Aiya Subramani P, Panati K, Kolliputi N. Role of mitochondria in inflammatory lung diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1433961. [PMID: 39228517 PMCID: PMC11368744 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1433961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a significant and varied role in inflammatory lung disorders. Mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of the cell because of their role in producing energy, are now recognized as crucial regulators of inflammation and immunological responses. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute respiratory distress syndrome are characterized by complex interactions between immune cells, inflammatory substances, and tissue damage. Dysfunctional mitochondria can increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering inflammatory pathways. Moreover, mitochondrial failure impacts cellular signaling, which in turn affects the expression of molecules that promote inflammation. In addition, mitochondria have a crucial role in controlling the behavior of immune cells, such as their activation and differentiation, which is essential in the development of inflammatory lung diseases. Their dynamic behavior, encompassing fusion, fission, and mitophagy, also impacts cellular responses to inflammation and oxidative stress. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the intricate correlation between mitochondria and lung inflammation is essential in order to develop accurate treatment strategies. Targeting ROS generation, dynamics, and mitochondrial function may offer novel approaches to treating inflammatory lung diseases while minimizing tissue damage. Additional investigation into the precise contributions of mitochondria to lung inflammation will provide significant knowledge regarding disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches. This review will focus on how mitochondria in the lung regulate these processes and their involvement in acute and chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kalpana Panati
- Department of Biotechnology, Government College for Men, Kadapa, India
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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Liu F, Lui VCH, Wu Z, Blakeley PD, Tang CSM, Tam PKH, Wong KKY, Chung PHY. Animal and organoid models to elucidate the anti-fibrotic effect of steroid on biliary atresia. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:214. [PMID: 39102048 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed animal and organoid study to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effect of steroid on biliary atresia (BA) and the underlying patho-mechanism. METHODS BA animal models were created by inoculation of mice on post-natal day 1 with rhesus rotavirus (RRV). They received either 20 µl phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or steroid from day 21 to day 34. On day 34, their serum samples were collected for hormonal markers. Necrosis, fibrosis and CK 19 expression in the liver were evaluated. Liver organoids were developed and their morphology as well as bulk RNA sequencing data were analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-four mice developed BA features after RRV injection and were equally divided into steroid and PBS groups. On day 34, the weight gain of steroid group increased significantly than PBS group (p < 0.0001). All mice in the PBS group developed liver fibrosis but only one mouse in the steroid group did. Serum bilirubin and liver parenchymal enzymes were significantly lower in steroid group. The morphology of liver organoids were different between the two groups. A total of 6359 differentially expressed genes were found between steroid group and PBS group. CONCLUSION Based on our findings obtained from RRV-induced BA animal and organoid models, steroid has the potential to mitigate liver fibrosis in BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangran Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent Chi Hang Lui
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongluan Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul David Blakeley
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clara Sze Man Tang
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul Kwong Hang Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Kenneth Kak Yuen Wong
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ho Yu Chung
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Bøgh N, Bertelsen LB, Rasmussen CW, Bech SK, Keller AK, Madsen MG, Harving F, Thorsen TH, Mieritz IK, Hansen ES, Wanders A, Laustsen C. Metabolic MRI With Hyperpolarized 13 C-Pyruvate for Early Detection of Fibrogenic Kidney Metabolism. Invest Radiol 2024:00004424-990000000-00225. [PMID: 38913443 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibrosis is the final common pathway for chronic kidney disease and the best predictor for disease progression. Besides invasive biopsies, biomarkers for its detection are lacking. To address this, we used hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate MRI to detect the metabolic changes associated with fibrogenic activity of myofibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate MRI was performed in 2 pig models of kidney fibrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction and ischemia-reperfusion injury). The imaging data were correlated with histology, biochemical, and genetic measures of metabolism and fibrosis. The porcine experiments were supplemented with cell-line experiments to inform the origins of metabolic changes in fibrogenesis. Lastly, healthy and fibrotic human kidneys were analyzed for the metabolic alterations accessible with hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate MRI. RESULTS In the 2 large animal models of kidney fibrosis, metabolic imaging revealed alterations in amino acid metabolism and glycolysis. Conversion from hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate to 13 C-alanine decreased, whereas conversion to 13 C-lactate increased. These changes were shown to reflect profibrotic activity in cultured epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts, which are important precursors of myofibroblasts. Importantly, metabolic MRI using hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate was able to detect these changes earlier than fibrosis-sensitive structural imaging. Lastly, we found that the same metabolic profile is present in fibrotic tissue from human kidneys. This affirms the translational potential of metabolic MRI as an early indicator of fibrogenesis associated metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the promise of hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate MRI for noninvasive detection of fibrosis development, which could enable earlier diagnosis and intervention for patients at risk of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Bøgh
- From the MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B., L.B.B., C.W.R., S.K.B., T.H.T., I.K.M., E.S.S.H., C.L.); Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (A.K.K., M.G.M.); and Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark (F.H., A.W.)
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8
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Cheng KC, Chong PCT, Hsieh CC, Lin YT, Ye CH, Khumsupan D, Lu JJ, Yu WC, Cheng KW, Yap KY, Kou WS, Cheng MT, Hsu CC, Sheen LY, Lin SP, Wei AC, Yu SH. Identification of anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic bioactive compounds from Ganoderma formosanum and their possible mechanisms in modulating TGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118008. [PMID: 38458343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Compendium of Materia Medica and the Classic of Materia Medica, the two most prominent records of traditional Chinese medicine, documented the therapeutic benefits of Ganoderma sinense particularly in addressing pulmonary-related ailments. Ganoderma formosanum, an indigenous subspecies of G. sinense from Taiwan, has demonstrated the same therapeutic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to identify bioactive compounds and evaluate the potential of G. formosanum extracts as a novel treatment to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Using an in-house drug screening platform, two-stage screening was performed to determine their anti-fibrotic efficacy. METHODS AND MATERIALS G. formosanum was fractionated into four partitions by solvents of different polarities. To determine their antifibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties, the fractions were analyzed using two TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis cell models (NIH-3T3) and human pulmonary fibroblast cell lines, immunoblot, qRT-PCR, and annexin V assays. Subsequently, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to validate the findings and explore possible molecular pathways. The identification of potential bioactive compounds was achieved through UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, while molecular interaction study was investigated by multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) extracted from G. formosanum demonstrated substantial anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic effects on TGF-β1-induced fibrotic models. Moreover, the EAF exhibited no discernible cytotoxicity. Untargeted UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified potential bioactive compounds in EAF, including stearic acid, palmitic acid, and pentadecanoic acid. Multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations further confirmed that those bioactive compounds possess the ability to inhibit TGF-β receptor 1. CONCLUSION Potential bioactive compounds in G. formosanum were successfully extracted and identified in the EAF, whose anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties could potentially modulate pulmonary fibrosis. This finding not only highlights the EAF's potential as a promising therapeutic candidate to treat pulmonary fibrosis, but it also elucidates how Ganoderma confers pulmonary health benefits as described in the ancient texts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Optometry, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Patrick Chun Theng Chong
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Yu-Te Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hung Ye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Darin Khumsupan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Jheng-Jhe Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chieh Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kai-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kah Yi Yap
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Weng Si Kou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Meng-Tsung Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.33, Linsen S. Rd., Taipei, 100025, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd., No. 71, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 106038, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C.
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9
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Qiu K, Tian Y, Guo C, Liu O, Shi Y, Liu D, Luo T. Global proteomic analysis reveals lysine succinylation is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar. J Proteomics 2024; 298:105155. [PMID: 38460743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Lysine succinylation (Ksucc) is a recently identified posttranslational modification that is involved in many diseases. This study examined the role of Ksucc in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar (HS). The presence of Ksucc in human skin was measured by immunoblotting. Ksucc occurs in many skin proteins ranging from 25 to 250 kDa, and higher levels of Ksucc are found in HS skin than in normal skin. An immunoaffinity approach coupled with LC-MS/MS was used to characterize the first succinylome of human skin, and 159 Ksucc sites in 79 proteins were identified. Among these, there were 38 increased succinylated sites in 29 proteins but no decreased succinylated sites in HS compared with normal skin. A parallel reaction monitoring assay was performed to validate the results of the succinylome and showed that the levels of Ksucc in decorin and collagens, which are involved in the pathogenesis of HS, were increased in HS than in normal skin. In addition, increasing the level of Ksucc enhanced cell proliferation and upregulated the expression of fibrosis markers (α-SMA, COL1, and COL3) in human skin fibroblasts. Our results provide global insights into the functional role of Ksucc in hypertrophic scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Innovation and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ougen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Plastic, Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- Department of Plastic, Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Biomedical Innovation and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
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10
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Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Hassan FO, Raafat A, Lebeche D. Cardiac fibrogenesis: an immuno-metabolic perspective. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1336551. [PMID: 38577624 PMCID: PMC10993884 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1336551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a major and complex pathophysiological process that ultimately culminates in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. This phenomenon includes not only the replacement of the damaged tissue by a fibrotic scar produced by activated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but also a spatiotemporal alteration of the structural, biochemical, and biomechanical parameters in the ventricular wall, eliciting a reactive remodeling process. Though mechanical stress, post-infarct homeostatic imbalances, and neurohormonal activation are classically attributed to cardiac fibrosis, emerging evidence that supports the roles of immune system modulation, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrogenesis has been reported. Adaptive changes, immune cell phenoconversions, and metabolic shifts in the cardiac nonmyocyte population provide initial protection, but persistent altered metabolic demand eventually contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart. Altered energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, various immune cells, immune mediators, and cross-talks between the immune cells and cardiomyocytes play crucial roles in orchestrating the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts and ensuing fibrotic remodeling of the heart. Manipulation of the metabolic plasticity, fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, and modulation of the immune response may hold promise for favorably modulating the fibrotic response following different cardiovascular pathological processes. Although the immunologic and metabolic perspectives of fibrosis in the heart are being reported in the literature, they lack a comprehensive sketch bridging these two arenas and illustrating the synchrony between them. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between different cardiac immune cells and metabolic pathways as well as summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of immune-metabolic pathways in cardiac fibrosis and attempts to identify some of the previously unaddressed questions that require further investigation. Moreover, the potential therapeutic strategies and emerging pharmacological interventions, including immune and metabolic modulators, that show promise in preventing or attenuating cardiac fibrosis and restoring cardiac function will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Hoque
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amr Raafat
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Medicine-Cardiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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11
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Zhang J, Li H, Zhong H, Chen X, Hu ZX. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect peritoneal mesothelial cells from hyperglycolysis and mesothelial-mesenchymal transition through the FFAR4/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111561. [PMID: 38262160 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a severe clinical complication associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and impacts its efficacy and patient outcomes. The process of mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) in peritoneal mesothelial cells plays a pivotal role in fibrogenesis, whereas metabolic reprogramming, characterized by excessive glycolysis, is essential in MMT development. No reliable therapies are available despite substantial progress made in understanding the mechanisms underlying peritoneal fibrosis. Protective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) has been described in PD-induced peritoneal fibrosis, although the detailed mechanisms remain unknown. It is known that ω3 PUFAs bind to and activate the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4). However, the expression and role of FFAR4 in the peritoneum have not been investigated. Thus, we hypothesized that ω3 PUFAs would alleviate peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting hyperglycolysis and MMT through FFAR4 activation. First, we determined FFAR4 expression in peritoneal mesothelium in humans and mice. FFAR4 expression was abnormally decreased in patients on PD and mice and HMrSV5 mesothelial cells exposed to PD fluid (PDF); this change was restored by the ω3 PUFAs (EPA and DHA). ω3 PUFAs significantly inhibited peritoneal hyperglycolysis, MMT, and fibrosis in PDF-treated mice and HMrSV5 mesothelial cells; these changes induced by ω3 PUFAs were blunted by treatment with the FFAR4 antagonist AH7614 and FFAR4 siRNA. Additionally, ω3 PUFAs induced FFAR4, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), and AMPK and suppressed mTOR, leading to the inhibition of hyperglycolysis, demonstrating that the ω3 PUFAs-mediated FFAR4 activation ameliorated peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting hyperglycolysis and MMT via CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR signaling. As natural FFAR4 agonists, ω3 PUFAs may be considered for the treatment of PD-associated peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang-Xue Hu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Guo F, Xu F, Li S, Zhang Y, Lv D, Zheng L, Gan Y, Zhou M, Zhao K, Xu S, Wu B, Deng Z, Fu P. Amifostine ameliorates bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis via NAD +/SIRT1/AMPK pathway-mediated effects on mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:68. [PMID: 38245795 PMCID: PMC10799491 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating chronic lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lung parenchyma. Despite various interventions aimed at mitigating several different molecular aspects of the disease, only two drugs with limited clinical efficacy have so far been approved for IPF therapy. OBJECTIVE We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of amifostine, a detoxifying drug clinically used for radiation-caused cytotoxicity, in bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS C57BL6/J mice were intratracheally instilled with 3 U/kg of bleomycin. Three doses of amifostine (WR-2721, 200 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally on days 1, 3, and 5 after the bleomycin challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected on day 7 and day 21 for the assessment of lung inflammation, metabolites, and fibrotic injury. Human fibroblasts were treated in vitro with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), followed by amifostine (WR-1065, 1-4 µg/mL) treatment. The effects of TGF-β1 and amifostine on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by live cell imaging of MitoSOX. Cellular metabolism was assessed by the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and the concentrations of various energy-related metabolites as measured by mass spectrum (MS). Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the effect of amifostine on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK). RESULTS Three doses of amifostine significantly attenuated lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Pretreatment and post-treatment of human fibroblast cells with amifostine blocked TGF-β1-induced mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction in human fibroblast cells. Further, treatment of fibroblasts with TGF-β1 shifted energy metabolism away from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and towards glycolysis, as observed by an altered metabolite profile including a decreased ratio of NAD + /NADH and increased lactate concentration. Treatment with amifostine significantly restored energy metabolism and activated SIRT1, which in turn activated AMPK. The activation of AMPK was required to mediate the effects of amifostine on mitochondrial homeostasis and pulmonary fibrosis. This study provides evidence that repurposing of the clinically used drug amifostine may have therapeutic applications for IPF treatment. CONCLUSION Amifostine inhibits bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongxiong Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Keyu Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuling Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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13
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Li Q, Zhang J, Xiao S, Hu M, Cheng J, Yao C, Zhuang Q. The impact of liver fibrosis on the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via a hypoxia-immune-integrated prognostic model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111136. [PMID: 37935090 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of liver fibrosis on the deterioration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. We hope to explore this issue through establishing a fibrosis-hypoxia-glycolysis-immune related prognostic model. Liver fibrosis-related genes from Molecular Signatures Database were used to evaluate the degree of fibrosis in HCC patients from the TCGA database. The patients were divided into two groups using the fibrosis-related expression matrix based on the algorithm uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) and evaluated for fibrosis by UMAP cluster and gene enrichment analysis. Prognostic model was constructed by differential analysis, LASSO, and multivariate regression analysis. Immune-infiltration analysis was performed by CIBERSORT. Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to measure the gene expression levels in HCC patients from our hospital. In 365 HCC patients from the TCGA database, 111 HCC patients with high fibrosis score have a worse prognosis than those with low fibrosis based on 129 genes related to liver fibrosis, which may be caused by the interaction between fibrosis, angiogenesis, hypoxia, glycolysis, inflammatory response, and high immune infiltration. We constructed a Fibrosis-Hypoxia-Glycolysis-Immune Prognostic Model (FHGISig), which could significantly predict disease progression in HCC patients. Furthermore, we revealed a close correlation between FHGISig and immune cell infiltration level as well as immune checkpoints. Finally, PCR results found TFF3 mRNA was significantly lower in cirrhotic HCC patients compared with non-cirrhotic ones. Liver fibrosis is a poor-prognostic factor for HCC, and our FHGISig could significantly predict disease progression, which could also be a potential predictive marker for immunotherapy in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Li
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570105, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Chenjiao Yao
- Department of General Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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14
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Liu ZY, Song K, Tu B, Lin LC, Sun H, Zhou Y, Sha JM, Yang JJ, Zhang Y, Zhao JY, Tao H. Glycolytic reprogramming in organ fibrosis: New dynamics of the epigenetic landscape. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:1-10. [PMID: 37419215 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that aerobic glycolysis is essential for the establishment and maintenance of the fibrotic phenotype, so treatments targeting glycolytic reprogramming may become an important strategy to reduce fibrosis. Here, we reviewed current evidence on the glycolytic reprogramming in organ fibrosis, new dynamics of the epigenetic landscape. Epigenetic regulation of the expression of specific genes involved mediates glycolytic reprogramming, thereby affecting fibrosis progression. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between aerobic glycolysis and epigenetics holds great promise for the treatment and intervention of fibrotic diseases. This article aims to comprehensively review the effect of aerobic glycolysis on organ fibrosis, and to elucidate the relevant epigenetic mechanisms of glycolytic reprogramming in different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Bin Tu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Ji-Ming Sha
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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15
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Hailiwu R, Zeng H, Zhan M, Pan T, Yang H, Li P. Salvianolic acid A diminishes LDHA-driven aerobic glycolysis to restrain myofibroblasts activation and cardiac fibrosis via blocking Akt/GSK-3β/HIF-1α axis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4540-4556. [PMID: 37337901 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts activation intensively contributes to cardiac fibrosis with undefined mechanism. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a phenolic component derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza with antifibrotic potency. This study aimed to interrogate the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanism of SAA on myofibroblasts activation and cardiac fibrosis. Antifibrotic effects of SAA were evaluated in mouse myocardial infarction (MI) model and in vitro myofibroblasts activation model. Metabolic regulatory effects and mechanism of SAA were determined using bioenergetic analysis and cross-validated by multiple metabolic inhibitors and siRNA or plasmid targeting Ldha. Finally, Akt/GSK-3β-related upstream regulatory mechanisms were investigated by immunoblot, q-PCR, and cross-validated by specific inhibitors. SAA inhibited cardiac fibroblasts-to-myofibroblasts transition, suppressed collage matrix proteins expression, and effectively attenuated MI-induced collagen deposition and cardiac fibrosis. SAA attenuated myofibroblasts activation and cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting LDHA-driven abnormal aerobic glycolysis. Mechanistically, SAA inhibited Akt/GSK-3β axis and downregulated HIF-1α expression by promoting its degradation via a noncanonical route, and therefore restrained HIF-1α-triggered Ldha gene expression. SAA is an effective component for treating cardiac fibrosis by diminishing LDHA-driven glycolysis during myofibroblasts activation. Targeting metabolism of myofibroblasts might occupy a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaguli Hailiwu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Szóstek-Mioduchowska A, Wójtowicz A, Sadowska A, Moza Jalali B, Słyszewska M, Łukasik K, Gurgul A, Szmatoła T, Bugno-Poniewierska M, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ. Transcriptomic profiling of mare endometrium at different stages of endometrosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16263. [PMID: 37758834 PMCID: PMC10533846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, transcriptome profiles of mare endometrium, classified into categories I, IIA, and IIB according to Kenney and Doig, were compared using RNA sequencing, analyzed, and functionally annotated using in silico analysis. In the mild stage (IIA) of endometrosis compared to category I endometrium, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated to inflammation, abnormal metabolism, wound healing, and quantity of connective tissue. In the moderate stage (IIB) of endometrosis compared to category I endometrium, DEGs were annotated to inflammation, fibrosis, cellular homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and pregnancy disorders. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) identified cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-17 as upstream regulators of DEGs associated with cellular homeostasis, metabolism, and fibrosis signaling pathways. In vitro studies showed the effect of these cytokines on DEGs such as ADAMTS1, -4, -5, -9, and HK2 in endometrial fibroblasts at different stages of endometrosis. The effect of cytokines on ADAMTS members' gene transcription in fibroblasts differs according to the severity of endometrosis. The identified transcriptomic changes associated with endometrosis suggest that inflammation and metabolic changes are features of mild and moderate stages of endometrosis. The changes of ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -9, in fibrotic endometrium as well as in endometrial fibroblast in response to TGF-β1, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-17 suggest the important role of these factors in the development of endometrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Szóstek-Mioduchowska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - A Wójtowicz
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Sadowska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - B Moza Jalali
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Słyszewska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Łukasik
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Gurgul
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Szmatoła
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Bugno-Poniewierska
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
| | - G Ferreira-Dias
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D J Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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17
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Feng T, Lai C, Yuan Q, Yang W, Yao Y, Du M, Zhong D, Wang S, Yang Q, Shang J, Shi Y, Huang X. Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis by serum metabolites in non-human primates and human patients. iScience 2023; 26:107538. [PMID: 37636059 PMCID: PMC10448158 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, a rising cause of chronic liver diseases, could eventually develop into cirrhosis and liver failure. Current diagnosis of liver fibrosis relies on pathological examination of hepatic tissues acquired from percutaneous biopsy, which may produce invasive injuries. Here, for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis, we applied comparative multi-omics in non-human primates (rhesus macaques) and subsequent serum biopsy in human patients. Global transcriptomics showed significant gene enrichment of metabolism process, in parallel with oxidative stress and immune responses in fibrotic primates. Targeted metabolomics were concordant with transcriptomic patterns, identifying elevated lipids and porphyrin metabolites during hepatic fibrosis. Importantly, liquid biopsy results validated that specific metabolites in the serum (e.g., biliverdin) were highly diagnostic to distinguish human patients from healthy controls. Findings describe the interconnected transcriptional and metabolic network in primate liver fibrosis and provide potential indices for non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyou Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuyun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengze Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyuan Zhong
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinyan Yang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolun Huang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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18
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Wu J, Tian Z, Zhuang X, Chen Y, Fan T, Li J, Wang X. Dynamic alterations in metabolomics and transcriptomics associated with intestinal fibrosis in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine model. J Transl Med 2023; 21:554. [PMID: 37592304 PMCID: PMC10436422 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal fibrosis is a common and severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease without clear pathogenesis. Abnormal expression of host genes and metabolic perturbations might associate with the onset of intestinal fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the development of intestinal fibrosis and the dynamic alterations in both fecal metabolites and host gene expression. METHODS We induced intestinal fibrosis in a murine model using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). TNBS-treated or control mice were sacrificed after 4 and 6 weeks of intervention; alterations in colonic genes and fecal metabolites were determined by transcriptomics and metabolomics, respectively. Differential, tendency, enrichment, and correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between host genes and fecal metabolites. RESULTS RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that 679 differential genes with enduring changes were mainly enriched in immune response-related signaling pathways and metabolism-related biological processes. Among them, 15 lipid metabolism-related genes were closely related to the development of intestinal fibrosis. Moreover, the fecal metabolic profile was significantly altered during intestinal fibrosis development, especially the lipid metabolites. Particularly, dynamic perturbations in lipids were strongly associated with alterations in lipid metabolism-related genes expression. Additionally, six dynamically altered metabolites might serve as biomarkers to identify colitis-related intestinal fibrosis in the murine model. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal fibrosis in colitis mice might be related to dynamic changes in gene expression and metabolites. These findings could provide new insights into the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyi Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoduan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Feng L, Chen X, Huang Y, Zhang X, Zheng S, Xie N. Immunometabolism changes in fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1243675. [PMID: 37576819 PMCID: PMC10412938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1243675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are essential for initiating and developing the fibrotic process by releasing cytokines and growth factors that activate fibroblasts and promote extracellular matrix deposition. Immunometabolism describes how metabolic alterations affect the function of immune cells and how inflammation and immune responses regulate systemic metabolism. The disturbed immune cell function and their interactions with other cells in the tissue microenvironment lead to the origin and advancement of fibrosis. Understanding the dysregulated metabolic alterations and interactions between fibroblasts and the immune cells is critical for providing new therapeutic targets for fibrosis. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the pathophysiology of fibrosis from the immunometabolism aspect, highlighting the altered metabolic pathways in critical immune cell populations and the impact of inflammation on fibroblast metabolism during the development of fibrosis. We also discuss how this knowledge could be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treating fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Hainan Cancer Clinical Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Clinical Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Pathology, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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20
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Jeong H, Lee B, Han SJ, Sohn DH. Glucose metabolic reprogramming in autoimmune diseases. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2023; 27:149-158. [PMID: 37465289 PMCID: PMC10351453 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2234986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which the immune system mistakenly targets and damages healthy tissue in the body. In recent decades, the incidence of autoimmune diseases has increased, resulting in a significant disease burden. The current autoimmune therapies focus on targeting inflammation or inducing immunosuppression rather than addressing the underlying cause of the diseases. The activity of metabolic pathways is elevated in autoimmune diseases, and metabolic changes are increasingly recognized as important pathogenic processes underlying these. Therefore, metabolically targeted therapies may represent an important strategy for treating autoimmune diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence surrounding glucose metabolic reprogramming and its potential applications in drug discovery and development for autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoim Jeong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomgu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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21
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Basta MD, Petruk S, Mazo A, Walker JL. Fibrosis-the tale of H3K27 histone methyltransferases and demethylases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1193344. [PMID: 37476157 PMCID: PMC10354294 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, or excessive scarring, is characterized by the emergence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM). Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment options for fibrosis, highlighting an unmet need to identify new therapeutic targets. The acquisition of a fibrotic phenotype is associated with changes in chromatin structure, a key determinant of gene transcription activation and repression. The major repressive histone mark, H3K27me3, has been linked to dynamic changes in gene expression in fibrosis through alterations in chromatin structure. H3K27-specific homologous histone methylase (HMT) enzymes, Enhancer of zeste 1 and 2 (EZH1, EZH2), which are the alternative subunits of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) and demethylase (KDM) enzymes, Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome (UTX), and Lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B), are responsible for regulating methylation status of H3K27me3. In this review, we explore how these key enzymes regulate chromatin structure to alter gene expression in fibrosis, highlighting them as attractive targets for the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan D. Basta
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Svetlana Petruk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexander Mazo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Janice L. Walker
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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22
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Xu C, Hong Q, Zhuang K, Ren X, Cui S, Dong Z, Wang Q, Bai X, Chen X. Regulation of pericyte metabolic reprogramming restricts the AKI to CKD transition. Metabolism 2023:155592. [PMID: 37230215 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is recognized as a long-term risk factor for progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The AKI to CKD transition is characterized by interstitial fibrosis and the proliferation of collagen-secreting myofibroblasts. Pericytes are the major source of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism of pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) is still unclear. Here we investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming in PMT. METHODS Unilateral ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI to CKD mouse model and TGF-β-treated pericyte-like cells were used to detect the levels of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and glycolysis, and the critical signaling pathways during PMT under the treatment of drugs regulating metabolic reprogramming. RESULTS PMT is characterized by a decrease in FAO and an increase in glycolysis. Enhancement of FAO by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC1α) activator ZLN-005 or suppression of glycolysis by the hexokinase 2 (HK2) inhibitor 2-DG can inhibit PMT, preventing the transition of AKI to CKD. Mechanistically, AMPK modulates various pathways involved in the metabolic switch from glycolysis to FAO. Specifically, the PGC1α-CPT1A pathway activates FAO, while inhibition of the HIF1α-HK2 pathway drives glycolysis inhibition. The modulations of these pathways by AMPK contribute to inhibiting PMT. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic reprogramming controls the fate of pericyte transdifferentiation and targets the abnormal metabolism of pericytes can effectively prevent AKI to CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China; Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Kaiting Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xuejing Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shaoyuan Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zheyi Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China; Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
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23
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Wang F, Yin X, Fan YM, Zhang X, Ma C, Jia K, Zhou W, Tang Z, Qi LW, Li J. Upregulation of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 by deubiquitinase OTUD4 promotes cardiac fibrosis post myocardial infarction. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00109-023-02323-6. [PMID: 37162556 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulations have emerged as a major mediator of cardiovascular disorders and fibrotic diseases. Metabolic reprogramming contributes a lot to cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis post-myocardial infarction (MI), yet the mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our work aimed to determine whether or not glycolytic reprogramming, regulated by phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), is a therapeutic target for alleviating post-MI cardiac fibrosis. Here, we showed that cardiac fibroblasts displayed cell energy phenotype toward augmented glycolysis in response to transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), evidenced by significant extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) increase and lactate accumulation. The expression of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3, a master activator of glycolysis, was up-regulated in TGF-β1-treated cardiac fibroblasts and in cardiac fibroblasts of post-MI mice. Pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 by 3PO diminished TGF-β1-mediated profibrotic phenotypes, attenuated cardiac fibrosis, and preserved cardiac functions in post-MI mice. Meanwhile, the genetic inhibition of PFKFB3 decreased the cardiac fibroblast activation and reversed the differentiated phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified deubiquitinase OTUD4 as a new binding protein of PFKFB3, and their interaction blocked PFKFB3 degradation via OTUD4-mediated deubiquitylation. Taken together, this work characterized a key role for PFKFB3 in cardiac fibroblast activation and suggested that inhibiting PFKFB3-involved glycolysis is an alternative way to alleviate post-MI cardiac fibrosis. KEY MESSAGES: PFKFB3, a master activator of glycolysis, was highly expressed in ischemic cardiac fibroblasts to enhance cardiac fibrosis The deubiquitinase OTUD4 was identified as a new binding protein of PFKFB3 TGF-β1 blunted the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of PFKFB3 via OTUD4-mediated deubiquitylation Blockade of PFKFB3 contributed to ameliorating ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feizuo Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keke Jia
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Ligresti G, Raslan AA, Hong J, Caporarello N, Confalonieri M, Huang SK. Mesenchymal cells in the Lung: Evolving concepts and their role in fibrosis. Gene 2023; 859:147142. [PMID: 36603696 PMCID: PMC10068350 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells in the lung are crucial during development, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common and deadly form of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. Originally thought to behave as supporting cells for the lung epithelium and endothelium with a singular function of producing basement membrane, mesenchymal cells encompass a variety of cell types, including resident fibroblasts, lipofibroblasts, myofibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes, which all occupy different anatomic locations and exhibit diverse homeostatic functions in the lung. During injury, each of these subtypes demonstrate remarkable plasticity and undergo varying capacity to proliferate and differentiate into activated myofibroblasts. Therefore, these cells secrete high levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to tissue repair, or in pathologic situations, scarring and fibrosis. Whereas epithelial damage is considered the initial trigger that leads to lung injury, lung mesenchymal cells are recognized as the ultimate effector of fibrosis and attempts to better understand the different functions and actions of each mesenchymal cell subtype will lead to a better understanding of why fibrosis develops and how to better target it for future therapy. This review summarizes current findings related to various lung mesenchymal cells as well as signaling pathways, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US.
| | - Ahmed A Raslan
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US
| | - Jeongmin Hong
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Marco Confalonieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Steven K Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US
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25
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The Relationship between Histological Composition and Metabolic Profile in Breast Tumors and Peritumoral Tissue Determined with 1H HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041283. [PMID: 36831625 PMCID: PMC9954108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast tumors constitute the complex entities composed of cancer cells and stromal components. The compositional heterogeneity should be taken into account in bulk tissue metabolomics studies. The aim of this work was to find the relation between the histological content and 1H HR-MAS (high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance) metabolic profiles of the tissue samples excised from the breast tumors and the peritumoral areas in 39 patients diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma. The total number of the histologically verified specimens was 140. The classification accuracy of the OPLS-DA (Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis) model differentiating the cancerous from non-involved samples was 87% (sensitivity of 72.2%, specificity of 92.3%). The metabolic contents of the epithelial and stromal compartments were determined from a linear regression analysis of the levels of the evaluated compounds against the cancer cell fraction in 39 samples composed mainly of cancer cells and intratumoral fibrosis. The correlation coefficients between the levels of several metabolites and a tumor purity were found to be dependent on the tumor grade (I vs II/III). The comparison of the levels of the metabolites in the intratumoral fibrosis (obtained from the extrapolation of the regression lines to 0% cancer content) to those levels in the fibrous connective tissue beyond the tumors revealed a profound metabolic reprogramming in the former tissue. The joint analysis of the metabolic profiles of the stromal and epithelial compartments in the breast tumors contributes to the increased understanding of breast cancer biology.
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Rao X, Zhou D, Deng H, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhou X, Jie X, Xu Y, Wu Z, Wang G, Dong X, Zhang S, Meng R, Wu C, Xing S, Fan K, Wu G, Zhou R. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung epithelial cells triggers radiation-induced lung injury. Respir Res 2023; 24:25. [PMID: 36694200 PMCID: PMC9872296 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is the most common and serious complication of chest radiotherapy. However, reported radioprotective agents usually lead to radiation resistance in tumor cells. The key to solving this problem is to distinguish between the response of tumor cells and normal lung epithelial cells to radiation damage. METHODS RNA-Seq was used to recognize potential target of alleviating the progression of RILI as well as inhibiting tumor growth. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung epithelial cells was screened by qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. An in vivo model of RILI and in vitro conditioned culture model were constructed to evaluate the effect of NLRP3/interleukin-1β on fibroblasts activation. ROS, ATP, and (NADP)+/NADP(H) level in lung epithelial cells was detected to explore the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The lung macrophages of the mice were deleted to evaluate the role of lung epithelial cells in RILI. Moreover, primary cells were extracted to validate the results obtained from cell lines. RESULTS NLRP3 activation in epithelial cells after radiation depends on glycolysis-related reactive oxygen species accumulation. DPYSL4 is activated and acts as a negative regulator of this process. The NLRP3 inflammasome triggers interleukin-1β secretion, which directly affects fibroblast activation, proliferation, and migration, eventually leading to lung fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lung epithelial cells is essential for radiation-induced lung injury. These data strongly indicate that targeting NLRP3 may be effective in reducing radiation-induced lung injury in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Rao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Dong Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Huilin Deng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yunshang Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Jian Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiaoshu Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiaohua Jie
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yingzhuo Xu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zilong Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Geng Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Rui Meng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chuangyan Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Shijie Xing
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Kai Fan
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Gang Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Rui Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
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Brasier AR. Innate Immunity, Epithelial Plasticity, and Remodeling in Asthma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1426:265-285. [PMID: 37464126 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32259-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune responses (IIR) of the epithelium play a critical role in the initiation and progression of asthma. The core of the IIR is an intracellular signaling pathway activated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to limit the spread of infectious organisms. This chapter will focus on the epithelium as the major innate sentinel cell and its role in acute exacerbations (AEs). Although the pathways of how the IIR activates the NFκB transcription factor, triggering cytokine secretion, dendritic cell activation, and Th2 polarization are well-described, recent exciting work has developed mechanistic insights into how chronic activation of the IIR is linked to mucosal adaptive responses. These adaptations include changes in cell state, now called epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). EMP is a coordinated, genomic response to airway injury disrupting epithelial barrier function, expanding the basal lamina, and producing airway remodeling. EMP is driven by activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a transcriptional response producing metabolic shunting of glucose through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) to protein N-glycosylation. NFκB signaling and UPR activation pathways potentiate each other in remodeling the basement membrane. Understanding of injury-repair process of epithelium provides new therapeutic targets for precision approaches to the treatment of asthma exacerbations and their sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan R Brasier
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Abstract
AIM Fibrosis is a common pathological feature of most types of chronic liver injuries. There is no specific treatment for liver fibrosis at present. The liver microenvironment, which fosters the survival and activity of liver cells, plays an important role in maintaining the normal structure and physiological function of the liver. The aim of this review is to deeply understand the role of the liver microenvironment in the dynamic and complicated development of liver fibrosis. METHODS After searching in Elsevier ScienceDirect, PubMed and Web of Science databases using 'liver fibrosis' and 'microenvironment' as keywords, studies related to microenvironment in liver fibrosis was compiled and examined. RESULTS The homeostasis of the liver microenvironment is disrupted during the development of liver fibrosis, affecting liver cell function, causing various types of cell reactions, and changing the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, eventually affecting fibrosis formation. CONCLUSION Liver microenvironment may be important for identifying potential therapeutic targets, and restoring microenvironment homeostasis may be an important strategy for promoting the reversal of liver fibrosis.KEY MESSAGESThe homeostasis of the liver microenvironment is disrupted in liver fibrosis;A pro-fibrotic microenvironment is formed during the development of liver fibrosis;Restoring microenvironment homeostasis may be an important strategy for promoting the reversal of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- Department of General Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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29
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Li G, Xu Q, Cheng D, Sun W, Liu Y, Ma D, Wang Y, Zhou S, Ni C. Caveolin-1 and Its Functional Peptide CSP7 Affect Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Fibroblast Glutaminolysis. Toxicol Sci 2022; 190:41-53. [PMID: 36053221 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to silica is a cause of pulmonary fibrosis disease termed silicosis, which leads to respiratory failure and ultimately death. However, what drives fibrosis is not fully elucidated and therapeutic options remain limited. Our previous RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the expression of caveolin-1 (CAV1) was downregulated in silica-inhaled mouse lung tissues. Here, we not only verified that CAV1 was decreased in silica-induced fibrotic mouse lung tissues in both messenger RNA and protein levels, but also found that CSP7, a functional peptide of CAV1, could attenuate pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. Further in vitro experiments revealed that CAV1 reduced the expression of Yes-associated protein 1(YAP1) and affected its nuclear translocation in fibroblasts. In addition, Glutaminase 1 (GLS1), a key regulator of glutaminolysis, was identified to be a downstream effector of YAP1. CAV1 could suppress the activity of YAP1 to decrease the transcription of GLS1, thereby inhibiting fibroblast activation. Taken together, our results demonstrated that CAV1 and its functional peptide CSP7 may be potential molecules or drugs for the prevention and intervention of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Demin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dongyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Siyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunhui Ni
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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30
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Cantanhede IG, Liu H, Liu H, Balbuena Rodriguez V, Shiwen X, Ong VH, Denton CP, Ponticos M, Xiong G, Lima-Filho JL, Abraham D, Abu-Hanna J, Taanman JW. Exploring metabolism in scleroderma reveals opportunities for pharmacological intervention for therapy in fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1004949. [PMID: 36304460 PMCID: PMC9592691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence has indicated that alterations in energy metabolism play a critical role in the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases. Studies have suggested that ‘metabolic reprogramming’ involving the glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in cells lead to an enhanced generation of energy and biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to assess the molecular basis of changes in fibrotic metabolism in systemic sclerosis (Scleroderma; SSc) and highlight the most appropriate targets for anti-fibrotic therapies. Materials and methods Dermal fibroblasts were isolated from five SSc patients and five healthy donors. Cells were cultured in medium with/without TGF-β1 and with/without ALK5, pan-PIM or ATM kinase inhibitors. Extracellular flux analyses were performed to evaluate glycolytic and mitochondrial respiratory function. The mitochondrial network in TMRM-stained cells was visualized by confocal laser-scanning microscopy, followed by semi-automatic analysis on the ImageJ platform. Protein expression of ECM and fibroblast components, glycolytic enzymes, subunits of the five OXPHOS complexes, and dynamin-related GTPases and receptors involved in mitochondrial fission/fusion were assessed by western blotting. Results Enhanced mitochondrial respiration coupled to ATP production was observed in SSc fibroblasts at the expense of spare respiratory capacity. Although no difference was found in glycolysis when comparing SSc with healthy control fibroblasts, levels of phophofructokinase-1 isoform PFKM were significantly lower in SSc fibroblasts (P<0.05). Our results suggest that the number of respirasomes is decreased in the SSc mitochondria; however, the organelles formed a hyperfused network, which is thought to increase mitochondrial ATP production through complementation. The increased mitochondrial fusion correlated with a change in expression levels of regulators of mitochondrial morphology, including decreased levels of DRP1, increased levels of MIEF2 and changes in OPA1 isoform ratios. TGF-β1 treatment strongly stimulated glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration and induced the expression of fibrotic markers. The pan-PIM kinase inhibitor had no effect, whereas both ALK5 and ATM kinase inhibition abrogated TGF-β1-mediated fibroblast activation, and upregulation of glycolysis and respiration. Conclusions Our data provide evidence for a novel mechanism(s) by which SSc fibroblasts exhibit altered metabolic programs and highlight changes in respiration and dysregulated mitochondrial morphology and function, which can be selectively targeted by small molecule kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Gomes Cantanhede
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Huan Liu
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vestaen Balbuena Rodriguez
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xu Shiwen
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Voo H. Ong
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher P. Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markella Ponticos
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guo Xiong
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - José Luiz Lima-Filho
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - David Abraham
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Abraham, ; Jan-Willem Taanman,
| | - Jeries Abu-Hanna
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan-Willem Taanman
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Abraham, ; Jan-Willem Taanman,
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Fibrosis of Peritoneal Membrane as Target of New Therapies in Peritoneal Dialysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094831. [PMID: 35563220 PMCID: PMC9102299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an efficient renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. Even if it ensures an outcome equivalent to hemodialysis and a better quality of life, in the long-term, PD is associated with the development of peritoneal fibrosis and the consequents patient morbidity and PD technique failure. This unfavorable effect is mostly due to the bio-incompatibility of PD solution (mainly based on high glucose concentration). In the present review, we described the mechanisms and the signaling pathway that governs peritoneal fibrosis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition of mesothelial cells, and angiogenesis. Lastly, we summarize the present and future strategies for developing more biocompatible PD solutions.
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Wang M, Zhang W, Liu Y, Ma Z, Xiang W, Wen Y, Zhang D, Li Y, Li Y, Li T, Chen L, Zhou J. PDIA4 promotes glioblastoma progression via the PI3K/AKT/m-TOR pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 597:83-90. [PMID: 35131603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase A4 (PDIA4) is highly expressed in clear cell ovarian carcinoma and lung cancer. Through analysis of TCGA database and CGGA database, we noted that PDIA4 is a key promotor of glioblastoma (GBM). However, the detailed role and molecular mechanism of PDIA4 in GBM remain unclear. In this study, the expression pattern and biological role of PDIA4 in GBM was investigated. PDIA4 was overexpressed in GBM tumor samples and cell lines and positively correlated with pathological grades in glioma patients. In addition, downregulation of PDIA4 promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of GBM. Meanwhile, there was a concurrent decrease in aerobic glycolysis metabolites. Mechanistically, PDIA4 downregulation promoted the apoptosis of GBM cells by increased the expression of apoptosis pathway proteins (caspase 3, caspase 9 and Bax). Downregulation of PDIA4 decreased energy demand and inhibited GBM growth in vitro and in vivo. Besides, such effect also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/m-TOR pathway by inhibiting protein phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and m-TOR. After addition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activator 740Y-P, the effect of PDIA4 knockdown on GBM was reversed. Therefore, we believe that PDIA4 regulates the proliferation via activating the PI3K/AKT/m-TOR pathway and suppression of apoptosis in glioblastoma. It could be used as a potential target for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Zhigang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Yeming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
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Brasier AR, Qiao D, Zhao Y. The Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway Links Innate Inflammation With Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Airway Remodeling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:808735. [PMID: 35002741 PMCID: PMC8727908 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.808735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the lower airway epithelial barrier plays a major role in the initiation and progression of chronic lung disease. Here, repetitive environmental insults produced by viral and allergens triggers metabolic adaptations, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and airway remodeling. Epithelial plasticity disrupts epithelial barrier function, stimulates release of fibroblastic growth factors, and remodels the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review will focus on recent work demonstrating how the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) links innate inflammation to airway remodeling. The HBP is a core metabolic pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR) responsible for protein N-glycosylation, relief of proteotoxic stress and secretion of ECM modifiers. We will overview findings that the IκB kinase (IKK)-NFκB pathway directly activates expression of the SNAI-ZEB1 mesenchymal transcription factor module through regulation of the Bromodomain Containing Protein 4 (BRD4) chromatin modifier. BRD4 mediates transcriptional elongation of SNAI1-ZEB as well as enhancing chromatin accessibility and transcription of fibroblast growth factors, ECM and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, recent exciting findings that IKK cross-talks with the UPR by controlling phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the autoregulatory XBP1s transcription factor are presented. HBP is required for N glycosylation and secretion of ECM components that play an important signaling role in airway remodeling. This interplay between innate inflammation, metabolic reprogramming and lower airway plasticity expands a population of subepithelial myofibroblasts by secreting fibroblastic growth factors, producing changes in ECM tensile strength, and fibroblast stimulation by MMP binding. Through these actions on myofibroblasts, EMP in lower airway cells produces expansion of the lamina reticularis and promotes airway remodeling. In this manner, metabolic reprogramming by the HBP mediates environmental insult-induced inflammation with remodeling in chronic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan R. Brasier
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dianhua Qiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
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Hwang S, Chung KW. Targeting fatty acid metabolism for fibrotic disorders. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:839-856. [PMID: 34664210 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is defined by abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix, which can affect virtually every organ system under diseased conditions. Fibrotic tissue remodeling often leads to organ dysfunction and is highly associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The disease burden caused by fibrosis is substantial, and the medical need for effective antifibrotic therapies is essential. Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanism and pathobiology of fibrosis, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated signaling pathways. However, owing to the complex and dynamic properties of fibrotic disorders, there are currently no therapeutic options that can prevent or reverse fibrosis. Recent studies have revealed that alterations in fatty acid metabolic processes are common mechanisms and core pathways that play a central role in different fibrotic disorders. Excessive lipid accumulation or defective fatty acid oxidation is associated with increased lipotoxicity, which directly contributes to the development of fibrosis. Genetic alterations or pharmacologic targeting of fatty acid metabolic processes have great potential for the inhibition of fibrosis development. Furthermore, mechanistic studies have revealed active interactions between altered metabolic processes and fibrosis development. Several well-known fibrotic factors change the lipid metabolic processes, while altered metabolic processes actively participate in fibrosis development. This review summarizes the recent evidence linking fatty acid metabolism and fibrosis, and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases for the development of drugs for fibrosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghwan Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea.
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35
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How to Improve the Biocompatibility of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions (without Jeopardizing the Patient's Health). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157955. [PMID: 34360717 PMCID: PMC8347640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important, if underprescribed, modality for the treatment of patients with end-stage kidney disease. Among the barriers to its wider use are the deleterious effects of currently commercially available glucose-based PD solutions on the morphological integrity and function of the peritoneal membrane due to fibrosis. This is primarily driven by hyperglycaemia due to its effects, through multiple cytokine and transcription factor signalling-and their metabolic sequelae-on the synthesis of collagen and other extracellular membrane components. In this review, we outline these interactions and explore how novel PD solution formulations are aimed at utilizing this knowledge to minimise the complications associated with fibrosis, while maintaining adequate rates of ultrafiltration across the peritoneal membrane and preservation of patient urinary volumes. We discuss the development of a new generation of reduced-glucose PD solutions that employ a variety of osmotically active constituents and highlight the biochemical rationale underlying optimization of oxidative metabolism within the peritoneal membrane. They are aimed at achieving optimal clinical outcomes and improving the whole-body metabolic profile of patients, particularly those who are glucose-intolerant, insulin-resistant, or diabetic, and for whom daily exposure to high doses of glucose is contraindicated.
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