1
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Chen W, Chen K, Wang X, Yang L, Chen W. Pd/NHC catalyzed reduction and coupling of nitroaromatics for the synthesis of diarylamines. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16624-16628. [PMID: 38784423 PMCID: PMC11110159 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00921e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a one-pot approach to diarylamines through the reductive homocoupling of nitroaromatics, employing triethylsilane as the reducing agent and Pd/NHC as the catalyst. This method enables nitroaromatics to serve both as electrophilic reagents and as precursors of nucleophilic reagents, allowing for the direct preparation of diarylamines without the need to isolate aromatic primary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Linjie Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Wanzhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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2
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Wei X, Wang K, Fang W. Highly efficient α-arylation of aryl ketones with aryl chlorides by using bulky imidazolylidene-ligated oxazoline palladacycles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:3858-3862. [PMID: 37093227 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00354j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
α-Aryl derivatives of carbonyl compounds are important building blocks. Herein, we presented an efficient catalytic system for the α-arylation of aryl ketones with inactive aryl chlorides by firstly using N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr)-ligated chiral oxazoline palladacycles, and tolerated a wide range of substrates at low catalyst loadings, leading to the desired products in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Weiwei Fang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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3
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Do DCH, Huynh HV. Controlled Access to Four- and Six-Membered Palladacycles via Modifying Donor Abilities of β-Ketiminato Ligands ("NacAcs"). Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20087-20094. [PMID: 36419368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of Pd complexes of the type [PdBr(iPr2-bimy)(NacAc)] (NacAc = β-ketiminate, iPr2-bimy = 1,3-diisopropylbenzimidazolin-2-ylidene) was attempted, in a continuing effort to quantify donor abilities of chelating β-ketiminate ligands using the Huynh electronic parameter for bidentate donors (HEP2). Subtle variation of N-substituents on the NacAc backbone was discovered to induce a drastic change in the preferred chelating mode, in that the commonly encountered κ2-N,O-six-membered palladacycles were observed with R = Me and Et, while the unusual κ2-C,N-four-membered palladacycles were isolated with R = iPr, Cy, and tBu. Computational studies subsequently corroborated these findings, in the form of an overall exergonic six-to-four-membered ring contraction process and a lower associated activation energy for the three more electron-donating alkyl moieties. This trend in the established energy profiles can be attributed to a reduced HOMO-LUMO gap in the corresponding optimized structures of the six-membered ring complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Cao Huan Do
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Han Vinh Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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4
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Nistanaki SK, Williams CG, Wigman B, Wong JJ, Haas BC, Popov S, Werth J, Sigman MS, Houk KN, Nelson HM. Catalytic asymmetric C-H insertion reactions of vinyl carbocations. Science 2022; 378:1085-1091. [PMID: 36480623 PMCID: PMC9993429 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
From the preparation of pharmaceuticals to enzymatic construction of natural products, carbocations are central to molecular synthesis. Although these reactive intermediates are engaged in stereoselective processes in nature, exerting enantiocontrol over carbocations with synthetic catalysts remains challenging. Many resonance-stabilized tricoordinated carbocations, such as iminium and oxocarbenium ions, have been applied in catalytic enantioselective reactions. However, their dicoordinated counterparts (aryl and vinyl carbocations) have not, despite their emerging utility in chemical synthesis. We report the discovery of a highly enantioselective vinyl carbocation carbon-hydrogen (C-H) insertion reaction enabled by imidodiphosphorimidate organocatalysts. Active site confinement featured in this catalyst class not only enables effective enantiocontrol but also expands the scope of vinyl cation C-H insertion chemistry, which broadens the utility of this transition metal-free C(sp3)-H functionalization platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepand K Nistanaki
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chloe G Williams
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Benjamin Wigman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan J Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brittany C Haas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Stasik Popov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jacob Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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5
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Kerr WR, Squire MA, Fitchett CM. Synthesis and structural isomerism of sterically hindered isobornyl amide tethered N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Lei P, Wang Y, Zhang C, Hu Y, Feng J, Ma Z, Liu X, Szostak R, Szostak M. Sonogashira Cross-Coupling of Aryl Ammonium Salts by Selective C-N Activation Catalyzed by Air- and Moisture-Stable, Highly Active [Pd(NHC)(3-CF 3-An)Cl 2] (An = Aniline) Precatalysts. Org Lett 2022; 24:6310-6315. [PMID: 36001796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the Sonogashira cross-coupling of aryl ammonium salts catalyzed by air- and moisture-stable [Pd(NHC)(3-CF3-An)Cl2] (An = aniline). This highly active Pd(II)-NHC complex features broad scope and excellent C-N activation selectivity in the challenging alkynylative cross-coupling of aryl ammonium salts. Full structural characterization and computational studies demonstrate the effect of pyridine to aniline replacement as highly effective stabilizing ancillary ligand in well-defined Pd(II)-NHCs. Considering the high reactivity and the recent commercialization of [Pd(NHC)(3-CF3-An)Cl2] (Millipore Sigma, no. 915165), this catalyst represents an attractive approach to the activation of C-N bonds of broad synthetic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.,Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuge Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.,Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.,Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xili Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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7
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Li D, Tian Q, Wang X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Liao S, Xu P, Huang X, Yuan J. N-Heterocyclic carbene palladium (II)-pyridine (NHC-Pd (II)-Py) complex catalyzed heck reactions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1919711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qingqiang Tian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xuetong Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Siwei Liao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jianyong Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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8
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Ostrowska S, Scattolin T, Nolan SP. N-Heterocyclic carbene complexes enabling the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4354-4375. [PMID: 33949497 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The considerable importance of α-arylated carbonyl compounds, which are widely used as final products or as key intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry, has prompted numerous research groups to develop efficient synthetic strategies for their preparation in recent decades. In this context, the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by transition-metal complexes have been particularly helpful in constructing this motif. As illustrated in this contribution, tremendous advances have taken place using palladium- and nickel-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes as pre-catalysts for the arylation of a wide range of ketones, aldehydes, esters and amides with electron-rich, electron-neutral, electron-poor, and sterically hindered aryl halides or pseudo-halides. Despite significant progress, especially in asymmetric α-arylations promoted by chiral NHC ligands, there are numerous challenges which have and continue to encourage further studies on this topic. Some of these are presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ostrowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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9
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Chakrabortty S, Kaur M, Adhikari M, Manar KK, Singh S. A Bis (BICAAC) Palladium(II) Complex: Synthesis and Implementation as Catalyst in Heck-Mizoroki and Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6209-6217. [PMID: 33844912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbenes are one of the most appealing, well-explored, and exciting ligands in modern chemistry due to their tunable stereoelectronic properties and a wide area of applications. A palladium complex (BICAAC)2PdCl2 with a recently discovered cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene having bicyclo[2.2.2] octane skeleton (BICAAC) was synthesized and characterized. The enhanced σ-donating and π-accepting ability of this carbene lend a hand to form a robust Pd-carbene bond, which allowed us to probe its reactivity as a precatalyst in Heck-Mizoroki and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions with low catalyst loading in open-air conditions. The diverse range of substrates was explored for both the cross-coupling reactions. To get a better understanding of the catalytic reactions, several analytical techniques such as field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction were employed in a conclusive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadeep Chakrabortty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Manu Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Krishna K Manar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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10
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Shepelenko KE, Soliev SB, Galushko AS, Chernyshev VM, Ananikov VP. Different effects of metal-NHC bond cleavage on the Pd/NHC and Ni/NHC catalyzed α-arylation of ketones with aryl halides. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental differences in the behavior of Pd/NHC and Ni/NHC catalytic systems in ketones α-arylation were elucidated and exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexey S. Galushko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | | | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)
- Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
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11
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Yang J. Mixed N-heterocycles/N-heterocyclic carbene palladium(II) allyl complexes as precatalysts for direct arylation of azoles with aryl bromides. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Peng L, Zhang W, Deng C, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Qian H. Preparation of Poly(Bulky N
-Heterocyclic Carbene) as the Self-Supporting Catalyst toward Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyi Peng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas; Fujian Provincial University; Putian 351100 Fujian China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- College of Communication Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Hao Qian
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
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13
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Palladium PEPPSI complexes: Synthesis and catalytic activity on the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions for aryl bromides at room temperature in aqueous media. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Sodhi RK, Paul S. An Overview of Metal Acetylacetonates: Developing Areas/Routes to New Materials and Applications in Organic Syntheses. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-017-9239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Nickel and palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Synthesis and application in cross-coupling reactions. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1920-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Balogh J, Hlil AR, El-Zoghbi I, Rafique MG, Chouikhi D, Al-Hashimi M, Bazzi HS. Phase-Separable Polyisobutylene Palladium-PEPPSI Precatalysts: Synthesis and Application in Buchwald-Hartwig Amination. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janos Balogh
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Antsar Rih Hlil
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Ibrahim El-Zoghbi
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | | | - Dalila Chouikhi
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Hassan S. Bazzi
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University at Qatar; P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
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17
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Liu G, Liu C, Han F, Wang Z, Wang J. Highly active palladium catalysts containing a 1,10-phenanthroline analogue N-heterocyclic carbene for room temperature Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with arylboronic acids in aqueous media. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Hettmanczyk L, Schmid B, Hohloch S, Sarkar B. Palladium(ii)-Acetylacetonato Complexes with Mesoionic Carbenes: Synthesis, Structures and Their Application in the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111561. [PMID: 27869699 PMCID: PMC6274386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel palladium(ii) acetylacetonato complexes bearing mesoionic carbenes (MICs) have been synthesized and characterized. The synthesis of the complexes of type (MIC)Pd(acac)I (MIC = 1-mesityl-3-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (1), 1,4-(2,4,6-methyl)-phenyl-3-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (2), 1,4-(2,6-diisopropyl)-phenyl-3-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (3); acac = acetylacetonato) via direct metalation starting from the corresponding triazolium iodides and palladium(ii) acetylacetonate is described herein. All complexes were characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry. Additionally, two of the complexes were characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography confirming a square-planar coordination geometry of the palladium(ii) center. A delocalized bonding situation was observed within the triazolylidene rings as well as for the acac ligand respectively. Complex 2 was found to be an efficient pre-catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction between aryl-bromides or -chlorides with phenylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Bianca Schmid
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
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19
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Ormerod D, Lefevre N, Dorbec M, Eyskens I, Vloemans P, Duyssens K, Diez de la Torre V, Kaval N, Merkul E, Sergeyev S, Maes BUW. Potential of Homogeneous Pd Catalyst Separation by Ceramic Membranes. Application to Downstream and Continuous Flow Processes. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Ormerod
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Lefevre
- Organic
Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Dorbec
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Inge Eyskens
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vloemans
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karlien Duyssens
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Veronica Diez de la Torre
- VITO
(Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Nadya Kaval
- Organic
Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eugen Merkul
- Organic
Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sergey Sergeyev
- Organic
Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic
Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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An easily available N-heterocyclic carbene–palladium(II) catalyst for Buchwald–Hartwig amination of aryl chlorides. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-016-0048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Application of Chan-Lam cross coupling for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene precursors bearing strong electron donating or withdrawing groups. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26201939 PMCID: PMC5378884 DOI: 10.1038/srep12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chan-Lam cross coupling allowed efficient synthesis of N,N'-disubstituted ortho-phenylene diamines bearing strong electron donating or withdrawing groups, such as nitro or methoxy groups, with moderate to high yields. These diamines can then be turned into N-heterocyclic carbene precursors after condensation with trimethyl orthoformate. The same strategy can also be utilized for the synthesis of N-monosubstituted aniline derivatives containing a functionalized ortho-aminomethyl group as intermediates for chiral 6-membered ring carbene precursors.
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22
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Zeiler A, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. An Alternative Approach to PEPPSI Catalysts: From Palladium Isonitriles to Highly Active Unsymmetrically Substituted PEPPSI Catalysts. Chemistry 2015; 21:11065-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Izquierdo F, Manzini S, Nolan SP. The use of the sterically demanding IPr* and related ligands in catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:14926-37. [PMID: 25155373 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05289g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This account highlights the synthesis and applications of one of the very bulky NHC ligands, IPr* (1,3-bis(2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl)imidazo-2-ylidene). This ligand and some of its derivatives have been found very effective in several catalytic applications and have enabled the isolation of highly reactive organometallic complexes. More specifically, applications of this ligand in Pd and Ni chemistry have permitted challenging transformations under mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loadings. We report the successes as well as the limitations encountered using transition-metal systems bearing this ligand-type. This report will hopefully serve as a guide to synthetic chemists, providing insights as to when the very sterically demanding IPr* ligand (and its congeners) and in a broader context, very bulky NHC ligands, should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Izquierdo
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST UK.
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24
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Ligand bending and tilted coordination in the coordinatively unsaturated NHC complex lateral-bis(N,N′-dineopentyl-benzimidazoline-2-ylidene)molybdenumtricarbonyl – Synthesis and structural investigations. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Nelson DJ. Accessible Syntheses of Late Transition Metal (Pre)Catalysts Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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26
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Wang F, Zhu L, Zhou Y, Bao X, Schaefer HF. Is PdII-Promoted σ-Bond Metathesis Mechanism Operative for the PdPEPPSI Complex-Catalyzed Amination of Chlorobenzene with Aniline? Experiment and Theory. Chemistry 2015; 21:4153-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Yin HY, Lin XL, Li SW, Shao LX. N-heterocyclic carbene–palladium(ii)-1-methylimidazole complex catalyzed α-arylation reactions of tetralones with aryl chlorides and further transformation of the products. Org Biomol Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NHC–Pd(ii)–Im complex-catalyzed α-arylation of tetralones with aryl chlorides and further transformation of the products was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Yin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Li Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Wan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
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28
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Yaşar S, Şahin Ç, Arslan M, Özdemir İ. Synthesis, characterization and the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene–Pd(II)–pyridine (PEPPSI) complexes. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Marelli E, Corpet M, Davies SR, Nolan SP. Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Arylketones at Low Catalyst Loadings. Chemistry 2014; 20:17272-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Xiao ZK, Yin HY, Lu JM. N -Heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II)-1-methylimidazole complex catalyzed α-arylation of symmetric dialkyl ketones with aryl chlorides. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Micksch M, Tenne M, Strassner T. Cyclometalated 2-Phenylimidazole Palladium Carbene Complexes in the Catalytic Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5004336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Micksch
- Physikalische Organische
Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Tenne
- Physikalische Organische
Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische
Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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32
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Green K, Maragh PT, Abdur‐Rashid K, Lough AJ, Dasgupta TP. Alternative Synthetic Methods for PEPPSI‐Type Palladium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry‐Ann Green
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies, http://www.mona.uwi.edu/
| | - Paul T. Maragh
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies, http://www.mona.uwi.edu/
| | - Kamaluddin Abdur‐Rashid
- Kamal Pharmachem Inc., 100 College Street, Banting Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L5, Canada
| | - Alan J. Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tara P. Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies, http://www.mona.uwi.edu/
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33
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Hameury S, de Frémont P, Breuil PAR, Olivier-Bourbigou H, Braunstein P. Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) and Nickel(II) Alcoholate-Functionalized NHC Complexes and of Mixed Nickel(II)–Lithium(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5189-200. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500349t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hameury
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre de Frémont
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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34
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Bastug G, Nolan SP. [Pd(IPr*OMe)(cin)Cl] (cin = Cinnamyl): A Versatile Catalyst for C–N and C–C Bond Formation. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500026s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulluzar Bastug
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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35
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Le Duc G, Meiries S, Nolan SP. Effect of Electronic Enrichment of NHCs on the Catalytic Activity of [Pd(NHC)(acac)Cl] in Buchwald–Hartwig Coupling. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Le Duc
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Sébastien Meiries
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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36
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Yin HY, Liu MY, Shao LX. Two-Component, Three-Molecule Reactions between 2,3-Dihydroinden-1-ones and Aryl Chlorides Catalyzed by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Palladium(II)–1-Methylimidazole Complex. Org Lett 2013; 15:6042-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4029447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Yin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China, and College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China, and College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China, and College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Meiries S, Le Duc G, Chartoire A, Collado A, Speck K, Athukorala Arachchige KS, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Large yet flexible N-heterocyclic carbene ligands for palladium catalysis. Chemistry 2013; 19:17358-68. [PMID: 24243804 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward and scalable eight-step synthesis of new N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has been developed from inexpensive and readily available 2-nitro-m-xylene. This process allows for the preparation of a novel class of NHCs coined ITent ("Tent" for "tentacular") of which the well-known IMes (N,N'-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene), IPr (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(2-propyl)phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and IPent (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(3-pentyl)phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) NHCs are the simplest and already known congeners. The synthetic route was successfully used for the preparation of three members of the ITent family: IPent (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(3-pentyl)phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene), IHept (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(4-heptyl)phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and INon (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(5-nonyl)phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene). The electronic and steric properties of each NHC were studied through the preparation of both nickel and palladium complexes. Finally the effect of these new ITent ligands in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura and Buchwald-Hartwig cross-couplings was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Meiries
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, Purdie Bulding, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KT16, 9ST (UK)
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38
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Suzuki Y, Fukui N, Murakami K, Yorimitsu H, Osuka A. Amination ofmeso-Bromoporphyrins and 9-Haloanthracenes with Diarylamines Catalyzed by a Palladium-PEPPSI Complex. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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39
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Chartoire A, Boreux A, Martin AR, Nolan SP. Solvent-free aryl amination catalysed by [Pd(NHC)] complexes. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Ma Y, Ma C. An efficient C–C bond formation reaction for the synthesis of α-arylated ketones under mild conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Chartoire A, Frogneux X, Nolan SP. An Efficient Palladium-NHC (NHC=N-Heterocyclic Carbene) and Aryl Amination Pre-Catalyst: [Pd(IPr*)(cinnamyl)Cl]. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Li H, Johansson Seechurn CCC, Colacot TJ. Development of Preformed Pd Catalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions, Beyond the 2010 Nobel Prize. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs300082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Johnson Matthey Catalysis & Chiral Technologies, 2001 Nolte Drive, West Deptford, New Jersey 08066, United States
| | | | - Thomas J. Colacot
- Johnson Matthey Catalysis & Chiral Technologies, 2001 Nolte Drive, West Deptford, New Jersey 08066, United States
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43
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Meiries S, Chartoire A, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. [Pd(IPr*)(acac)Cl]: An Easily Synthesized, Bulky Precatalyst for C–N Bond Formation. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300205c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Meiries
- EaStCHEM School
of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Anthony Chartoire
- EaStCHEM School
of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School
of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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44
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Birkle T, Carbayo A, Cuevas JV, García-Herbosa G, Muñoz A. Nucleophilic Attack on Coordinated Imines: The Synthesis of C-Bonded Acetylacetonates of Palladium(II) and Mechanistic Insights. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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Valente C, Calimsiz S, Hoi KH, Mallik D, Sayah M, Organ MG. The development of bulky palladium NHC complexes for the most-challenging cross-coupling reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:3314-32. [PMID: 22287485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions enable organic chemists to form C-C bonds in targeted positions and under mild conditions. Although phosphine ligands have been intensively researched, in the search for even better cross-coupling catalysts attention has recently turned to the use of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, which form a strong bond to the palladium center. PEPPSI (pyridine-enhanced precatalyst preparation, stabilization, and initiation) palladium precatalysts with bulky NHC ligands have established themselves as successful alternatives to palladium phosphine complexes. This Review shows the success of these species in Suzuki-Miyaura, Negishi, and Stille-Migita cross-couplings as well as in amination and sulfination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Valente
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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46
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Valente C, Çalimsiz S, Hoi KH, Mallik D, Sayah M, Organ MG. Die Entwicklung raumerfüllender Palladium-NHC-Komplexe für anspruchsvollste Kreuzkupplungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Novel mixed-ligand palladium complexes [Pd2(acac)3NO3] and [Pd(acac)NO3]n involving O,O- and γ-C-bonded acetylacetonate linkers. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Palladium-Catalyzed sp2 C–N Bond Forming Reactions: Recent Developments and Applications. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2012_56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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49
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Chartoire A, Lesieur M, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP, Cazin CSJ. Highly Active Well-Defined Palladium Precatalysts for the Efficient Amination of Aryl Chlorides. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2005222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Chartoire
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Mathieu Lesieur
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
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50
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Paul P, Datta S, Halder S, Acharyya R, Basuli F, Butcher RJ, Peng SM, Lee GH, Castineiras A, Drew MG, Bhattacharya S. Syntheses, structures and efficient catalysis for C–C coupling of some benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complexes of palladium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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