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Tsepaeva OV, Salikhova TI, Ishkaeva RA, Kundina AV, Abdullin TI, Laikov AV, Tikhomirova MV, Idrisova LR, Nemtarev AV, Mironov VF. Bifunctionalized Betulinic Acid Conjugates with C-3-Monodesmoside and C-28-Triphenylphosphonium Moieties with Increased Cancer Cell Targetability. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1939-1949. [PMID: 37497692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis is presented for a new class of bioactive bifunctionalized conjugates of lupane-type triterpenoids with triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and glycopyranosyl targeting moieties. The main synthesis steps include glycosylation of haloalkyl esters of the triterpene acid at the C-3 position by the imidate derivatives of glycopyranose followed by the product modification at the C-28 position with triphenylphosphine. The conjugates of betulinic acid (BetA) with TPP and d-glucose, l-rhamnose, or d-mannose moieties were thus synthesized as potential next-generation BetA-derived anticancer compounds. LC-MS/MS analysis in glucose-free physiological solution indicated that the glycosides showed better accumulation in PC-3 prostate cancer cells than both BetA and TPP-BetA conjugate, while the transporting effect of monosaccharide residues increased as follows: d-mannose < l-rhamnose ≈ d-glucose. At saturated concentrations, the glycosides caused a disturbing effect on mitochondria with a more drastic drop in transmembrane potential but weaker overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to TPP-BetA conjugate. Cytotoxicity of the glycosides in culture medium was comparable with or higher than that of the nonglycosylated conjugate, depending on the cancer cell line, whereas the compounds were less active toward primary fibroblasts. Glycosylation tended to increase pro-apoptotic and decrease pro-autophagic activities of the BetA derivatives. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized glycosides was considered in comparison with the summarized data on the natural and modified BetA glycosides. The results obtained are important for the development of bifunctionalized conjugates of triterpenoids with an increased cancer cell targetability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Tsepaeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov Street, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Taliya I Salikhova
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Rezeda A Ishkaeva
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra V Kundina
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Timur I Abdullin
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Laikov
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya V Tikhomirova
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Leysan R Idrisova
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Nemtarev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov Street, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir F Mironov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov Street, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
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2
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Hamion G, Aucher W, Tardif C, Miranda J, Rouger C, Imbert C, Girardot M. Valorization of Invasive Plant Extracts against the Bispecies Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus- Candida albicans by a Bioguided Molecular Networking Screening. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111595. [PMID: 36421241 PMCID: PMC9686625 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive plants efficiently colonize non-native territories, suggesting a great production of bioactive metabolites which could be effective antibiofilm weapons. Our study aimed to look for original molecules able to inhibit bispecies biofilm formed by S. aureus and C. albicans. Extracts from five invasive macrophytes (Ludwigia peploides, Ludwigia grandiflora, Myriophyllum aquaticum, Lagarosiphon major and Egeria densa) were prepared and tested in vitro against 24 h old bispecies biofilms using a crystal violet staining (CVS) assay. The activities of the extracts reducing the biofilm total biomass by 50% or more were comparatively analyzed against each microbial species forming the biofilm by flow cytometry (FCM) and scanning electron microscopy. Extracts active against both species were fractionated. Obtained fractions were analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS and evaluated by the CVS assay. Chemical and biological data were combined into a bioactivity-based molecular networking (BBMN) to identify active compounds. The aerial stem extract of L. grandiflora showed the highest antibiofilm activity (>50% inhibition at 50 µg∙mL−1). The biological, chemical and BBMN investigations of its fractions highlighted nine ions correlated with the antibiofilm activity. The most correlated compound, identified as betulinic acid (BA), inhibited bispecies biofilms regardless of the three tested couples of strains (ATCC strains: >40% inhibition, clinical isolates: ≈27% inhibition), confirming its antibiofilm interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Hamion
- Laboratoire EBI, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86000 Poitiers, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Willy Aucher
- Laboratoire EBI, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Charles Tardif
- University of Bordeaux, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Julie Miranda
- University of Bordeaux, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Caroline Rouger
- University of Bordeaux, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR INRAE 1366, Bordeaux INP, OENO, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Christine Imbert
- Laboratoire EBI, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Marion Girardot
- Laboratoire EBI, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86000 Poitiers, France
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3
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Kuczynska K, Bończak B, Rárová L, Kvasnicová M, Strnad M, Pakulski Z, Cmoch P, Fiałkowski M. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 1,2,3-triazoles derived from 2,3-seco-dihydrobetulin via a click chemistry approach. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Abstract
Saponins are a large family of amphiphilic glycosides of steroids and triterpenes found in plants and some marine organisms. By expressing a large diversity of structures on both sugar chains and aglycones, saponins exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties and serve as major active principles in folk medicines, especially in traditional Chinese medicines. Isolation of saponins from natural sources is usually a formidable task due to the microheterogeneity of saponins in Nature. Chemical synthesis can provide access to large amounts of natural saponins as well as congeners for understanding their structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action. This article presents a comprehensive account on chemical synthesis of saponins. First highlighted are general considerations on saponin synthesis, including preparation of aglycones and carbohydrate building blocks, assembly strategies, and protecting-group strategies. Next described is the state of the art in the synthesis of each type of saponins, with an emphasis on those representative saponins having sophisticated structures and potent biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Stephane Laval
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
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5
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Yang F, Hou W, Zhu D, Tang Y, Yu B. A Stereoselective Glycosylation Approach to the Construction of 1,2-trans-β-d-Glycosidic Linkages and Convergent Synthesis of Saponins. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104002. [PMID: 34859514 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conventional syntheses of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages rely mainly on neighboring group participation in the glycosylation reactions. The requirement for a neighboring participation group (NPG) excludes direct glycosylation with (1→2)-linked glycan donors, thus only allowing stepwise assembly of glycans and glycoconjugates containing this type of common motif. Here, a robust glycosylation protocol for the synthesis of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages without resorting to NPG is disclosed; it employs an optimal combination of glycosyl N-phenyltrifluroacetimidates as donors, FeCl3 as promoter, and CH2 Cl2 /nitrile as solvent. A broad substrate scope has been demonstrated by glycosylations with 12 (1→2)-linked di- and trisaccharide donors and 13 alcoholic acceptors including eight complex triterpene derivatives. Most of the glycosylation reactions are high yielding and exclusively 1,2-trans selective. Ten representative, naturally occurring triterpene saponins were thus synthesized in a convergent manner after deprotection of the coupled glycosides. Intensive mechanistic studies indicated that this glycosylation proceeds by SN 2-type substitution of the glycosyl α-nitrilium intermediates. Importantly, FeCl3 dissociates and coordinates with nitrile into [Fe(RCN)n Cl2 ]+ and [FeCl4 ]- , and the ferric cationic species coordinates with the alcoholic acceptor to provide a protic species that activates the imidate, meanwhile the poor nucleophilicity of [FeCl4 ]- ensures an uninterruptive role for the glycosidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Wu Hou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
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6
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Zhong Y, Liang N, Liu Y, Cheng MS. Recent progress on betulinic acid and its derivatives as antitumor agents: a mini review. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:641-647. [PMID: 34561074 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are one of the important sources for the discovery of new drugs. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely distributed in the plant kingdom, exhibits powerful biological effects, including antitumor activity against various types of cancer cells. A considerable number of BA derivatives have been designed and prepared to remove their disadvantages, such as poor water solubility and low bioavailability. This review summarizes the current studies of the structural diversity of antitumor BA derivatives within the last five years, which provides prospects for further research on the structural modification of betulinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Mao-Sheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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7
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Muru K, Gauthier C. Glycosylation and Protecting Group Strategies Towards the Synthesis of Saponins and Bacterial Oligosaccharides: A Personal Account. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2990-3004. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Muru
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) 531, boulevard des Prairies Laval Québec Canada H7V 1B7
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) 531, boulevard des Prairies Laval Québec Canada H7V 1B7
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8
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Korda A, Rárová L, Pakulski Z, Strnad M, Oklešťková J, Kuczynska K, Cmoch P, Gwardiak K, Karczewski R. New lupane bidesmosides exhibiting strong cytotoxic activities in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103868. [PMID: 32388425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene bidesmosides are considered as highly cytotoxic saponins, usually less toxic against normal cells than monodesmosides, and less haemolytic. Biological activity of the betulin-type bidesmosides, rarely found in Nature, and seldom prepared due to serious synthetic problems, is poorly recognized. We report herein a protocol for the preparation of disubstituted lupane saponins (betulin bidesmosides) by treatment of their benzoates with potassium carbonate in dichloromethane / methanol solution. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested in vitro for a series of cancer cell lines, as well as normal human skin BJ fibroblasts. Presence of l-rhamnose moiety is crucial for cytotoxicity of betulin bidesmosides. On the other hand, l-arabinose fragment connected to lupane C-3 carbon atom significantly decreases activity. Presented results clearly show that betulin bidesmosides have significant clinical potential as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Korda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucie Rárová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zbigniew Pakulski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Oklešťková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kinga Kuczynska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gwardiak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Romuald Karczewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Brandão-Costa RM, Pajeu Nascimento T, Pedrosa Bezerra R, Porto AL. FDS, a novel saponin isolated from Felicium decipiens: Lectin interaction and biological complementary activities. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Sylla B, Lavoie S, Legault J, Gauthier C, Pichette A. Synthesis, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39743-39757. [PMID: 35541393 PMCID: PMC9076072 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09389c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid and ursolic acid are ubiquitous, naturally-occurring triterpenoids exhibiting various pharmacological activities including cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, these triterpenoids display unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties as well as low aqueous solubility. It has been shown that the presence of α-l-rhamnose moieties positively modulates the anticancer activity of secondary metabolites. Herein we report the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of a series of rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins. Relying on Schmidt's normal and inverse procedures, monorhamnosides, (1→4)-linked dirhamnosides as well as branched trirhamnosides and tetrarhamnosides were synthesized in high yields with full control of stereoselectivity. A betulinic acid saponin bearing a 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl residue was found to be a potent cytotoxic agent against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells without damaging the healthy cells (selectivity ratio > 20) whereas rhamnose-containing ursolic acid saponins potently inhibited NO overproduction induced by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Our results reveal that rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins represent promising therapeutic agents. Rhamnose-containing saponins featuring betulinic and ursolic acid as aglycones were synthesized using both Schmidt's normal and inverse procedures. Some of these synthetic saponins exhibited selective cytotoxic and/or anti-inflammatory activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Balla Sylla
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - Serge Lavoie
- Institut des Sciences de la Forêt Tempérée
- Université du Québec en Outaouais
- Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - André Pichette
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
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Li HN, Wang H, Wang ZP, Yan HN, Zhang M, Liu Y, Cheng MS. Synthesis, antitumor activity evaluation and mechanistic study of novel hederacolchiside A1 derivatives bearing an aryl triazole moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4025-4033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hems ES, Nepogodiev SA, Rejzek M, Field RA. Synthesis of glyceryl glycosides related to A-type prymnesin toxins. Carbohydr Res 2018; 463:14-23. [PMID: 29698849 PMCID: PMC5999359 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A suite of glycosylated glycerol derivatives representing various fragments of the glycosylated ichthyotoxins called prymnesins were chemically synthesised. Glycerol was used to represent a small fragment of the prymnesin backbone, and was glycosylated at the 2° position with the sugars currently reported to be present on prymnesin toxins. Neighbouring group participation was utilised to synthesise 1,2-trans-glycosides. SnCl2-promoted glycosylation with furanosyl fluorides gave 1,2-cis-furanosides with moderate stereocontrol, whilst TMSOTf promoted glycosylation with a furanosyl imidate gave a 1,2-cis-furanoside with good stereocontrol. The chemical synthesis of two larger glyceryl diglycoside fragments of prymnesin-1, glycosylated with α-ʟ-arabinopyranose and α-ᴅ-ribofuranose, is also described. As the stereochemistry of the prymnesin backbones at this region is undefined, both the 2R- and 2S- glycerol isomers were synthesised. The separated diastereoisomers were distinguished by comparing NOESY NMR with computational models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S Hems
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Sergey A Nepogodiev
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Martin Rejzek
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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13
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Synthesis of bidesmosidic lupane saponins – comparison of batch and continuous-flow methodologies. Carbohydr Res 2018; 461:32-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Stereocontrolled synthesis of oleanolic saponin ladyginoside A isolated from Ladyginia bucharica. Carbohydr Res 2018; 458-459:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Willén D, Bengtsson D, Clementson S, Tykesson E, Manner S, Ellervik U. Synthesis of Double-Modified Xyloside Analogues for Probing the β4GalT7 Active Site. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1259-1277. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Willén
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dennis Bengtsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Clementson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emil Tykesson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sophie Manner
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Ellervik
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,
Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O.
Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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16
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship studies of hederacolchiside E and its derivatives as potential anti-Alzheimer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:376-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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18
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Kuczynska K, Cmoch P, Rárová L, Oklešťková J, Korda A, Pakulski Z, Strnad M. Influence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on regioselectivity of glycosylation. Synthesis of lupane-type saponins bearing the OSW-1 saponin disaccharide unit and its isomers. Carbohydr Res 2016; 423:49-69. [PMID: 26878488 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of lupane-type saponins bearing OSW-1 disaccharide unit as well as its regio- and stereoisomers were prepared and used for the structure-activity relationships (SAR) study. Unexpected preference for 1→4-linked regioisomers and an unusual inversion of the conformation of the sugar rings were noted. Cytotoxic activity of new lupane compounds was evaluated in vitro and revealed that some saponins exhibited an interesting bioactivity profile against human cancer cell lines. Influence of the protecting groups on the cytotoxicity was investigated. These results open the way to the synthesis of various lupane-type triterpene and saponin derivatives as potential anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kuczynska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucie Rárová
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Oklešťková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Korda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Pakulski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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19
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Wei G, Cui S, Luan W, Wang S, Hou Z, Liu Y, Liu Y, Cheng M. Natural product-based design, synthesis and biological evaluation of Albiziabioside A derivatives that selectively induce HCT116 cell death. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 113:92-101. [PMID: 26922223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of Albiziabioside A coupled substituents of cinnamoyl derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer activity against a panel of six human cancer cell lines using a MTT assay. Synthetic derivatives showed excellent selectivity, as they were toxic against only HCT116 cell line. Some compounds exhibited better anti-cancer activity against HCT116 compared to positive controls, such as 5-fluorouracil and Albiziabioside A. Compound 8n was the most active derivative. Importantly, it was also found that the anti-proliferative activity of 8n could be attributed to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shanshan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Weijing Luan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhuang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Abstract
Saponins are a large family of amphiphilic glycosides of steroids and triterpenes found in plants and some marine organisms. By expressing a large diversity of structures on both sugar chains and aglycones, saponins exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties and serve as major active principles in folk medicines, especially in traditional Chinese medicines. Isolation of saponins from natural sources is usually a formidable task due to the microheterogeneity of saponins in Nature. Chemical synthesis can provide access to large amounts of natural saponins as well as congeners for understanding their structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action. This article presents a comprehensive account on chemical synthesis of saponins. First highlighted are general considerations on saponin synthesis, including preparation of aglycones and carbohydrate building blocks, assembly strategies, and protecting-group strategies. Next described is the state of the art in the synthesis of each type of saponins, with an emphasis on those representative saponins having sophisticated structures and potent biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Stephane Laval
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
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21
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Pakulski Z, Cmoch P. Study on the synthesis of regio- and stereoisomers of the disaccharide unit of the OSW-1 saponin. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Kuczynska K, Pakulski Z. Synthesis of lupane saponins from acetylated glycosyl donors by acetonitrile directed glycosylation. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cmoch P, Korda A, Rárová L, Oklešt'ková J, Strnad M, Gwardiak K, Karczewski R, Pakulski Z. Synthesis of Lupane-Type Saponins Containing an Unusual α-D-Idopyranoside Fragment as Potent Cytotoxic Agents. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Isolation of nematicidal triterpenoid saponins from Pulsatilla koreana root and their activities against Meloidogyne incognita. Molecules 2013; 18:5306-16. [PMID: 23698044 PMCID: PMC6269694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18055306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsatilla koreana, a species endemic to Korea, is an important herb used in traditional medicine to treat amoebic dysentery and malaria. In the present study, 23 oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins 1–23 and eight lupane-type triterpenoid saponins 24–31 were isolated from the roots of P. koreana. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. The methanol extract and isolated compounds were next assessed for nematicidal activity against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The methanol extract showed strong nematicidal activity after 48 h, with a LC50 value of 92.8 μg/mL. Compounds 2, 5, 9, 20, and 21 showed significant effects, with LC50 values ranging from 70.1 to 94.7 μg/mL after 48 h. These results suggest that triterpenoid saponins from P. koreana should be explored as potential natural nematicides for developing new agents to control root-knot nematode disease.
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Abstract
Having access to mild and operationally simple techniques for attaining carbohydrate targets will be necessary to facilitate advancement in biological, medicinal, and pharmacological research. Even with the abundance of elegant reports for generating glycosidic linkages, stereoselective construction of α- and β-oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates is by no means trivial. In an era where expanded awareness of the impact we are having on the environment drives the state-of-the-art, synthetic chemists are tasked with developing cleaner and more efficient reactions for achieving their transformations. This movement imparts the value that prevention of waste is always superior to its treatment or cleanup. This review will highlight recent advancement in this regard by examining strategies that employ transition metal catalysis in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. These methods are mild and effective for constructing glycosidic bonds with reduced levels of waste through utilization of sub-stoichiometric amounts of transition metals to promote the glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hien M. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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27
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Synthesis and cytotoxicity of lupane-type triterpenoid glyceryl esters. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4735-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pettit GR, Mendonça RF, Knight JC, Pettit RK. The cephalostatins. 21. Synthesis of bis-steroidal pyrazine rhamnosides (1). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1922-30. [PMID: 21899266 PMCID: PMC3251514 DOI: 10.1021/np200411p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of bis-steroidal pyrazines derived from 3-oxo-11,21-dihydroxypregna-4,17(20)-diene (4) and glycosylation of a D-ring side chain with α-L-rhamnose have been summarized. Rearrangement of steroidal pyrazine 10 to 14 was found to occur with boron triflouride etherate. Glycosylation of pyrazine 10 using 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnose iodide led to 1,2-orthoester-α-L-rhamnose pyrazine 17b. By use of a persilylated α-L-rhamnose iodide as donor, formation of the orthoester was avoided. Bis-steroidal pyrazine 10 and rhamnosides 17b and 21c were found to significantly inhibit cancer cell growth in a murine and human cancer cell line panel. Pyrazine 9 inhibited growth of the nosocomial pathogen Enterococcus faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. Pettit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Ricardo F. Mendonça
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - John C. Knight
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Robin K. Pettit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
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Li Y, Sun J, Yu B. Efficient Synthesis of Lupane-Type Saponins via Gold(I)-Catalyzed Glycosylation with Glycosyl ortho-Alkynylbenzoates as Donors. Org Lett 2011; 13:5508-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202232v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jiansong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Anticancer activity of 3-O-acylated betulinic acid derivatives obtained by enzymatic synthesis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:1025-9. [PMID: 20460723 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An easy and efficient strategy to prepare betulinic acid esters with various anhydrides was used by the enzymatic synthesis method. It involves lipase-catalyzed acylation of betulinic acid with anhydrides as acylating agents in organic solvent. Lipase from Candida antarctica immobilized on an acrylic resin (Novozym 435) was employed as a biocatalyst. Several 3-O-acyl-betulinic acid derivatives were successfully obtained by this procedure. The anticancer activity of betulinic acid and its 3-O-acylated derivatives were then evaluated in vitro against human lung carcinoma (A549) and human ovarian (CAOV3) cancer cell lines. 3-O-glutaryl-betulinic acid, 3-O-acetyl-betulinic acid, and 3-O-succinyl-betulinic acid showed IC(50)<10 microg/ml against A549 cancer cell line tested and showed better cytotoxicity than betulinic acid. In an ovarian cancer cell line, all betulinic acid derivatives prepared showed weaker cytotoxicity than betulinic acid.
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31
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Ahmad FBH, Moghaddam MG, Basri M, Abdul Rahman MB. Enzymatic synthesis of betulinic acid ester as an anticancer agent: Optimization study. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/10242421003753795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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32
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Ghaffari M M, Ahmad F, Basri M, Abdul Rahm M. Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification of Betulinic Acid Using Phthalic Anhydride in Organic Solvent Media: Study of Reaction Parameters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.337.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Thibeault D, Legault J, Gauthier C, Lavoie S, Bouchard J, Pichette A. Acid-Catalyzed E-Ring Expansion and Isomerization of 3-Acetylbetulin: Synthesis of Cytotoxic Anhydrobetulin Saponins. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910902962886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Thibeault
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
| | - Charles Gauthier
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
| | - Serge Lavoie
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
| | - Jimmy Bouchard
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
| | - André Pichette
- a Separation and Analysis of Vegetal Products Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Department , University of Québec at Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Québec , Canada
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Gauthier C, Legault J, Piochon M, Lavoie S, Tremblay S, Pichette A. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2310-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 02/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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35
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Gauthier C, Legault J, Girard-Lalancette K, Mshvildadze V, Pichette A. Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2002-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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36
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Gauthier C, Legault J, Lavoie S, Rondeau S, Tremblay S, Pichette A. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:72-81. [PMID: 19115839 DOI: 10.1021/np800579x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring cytotoxic saponin 28-O-beta-d-glucopyranosylbetulinic acid 3beta-O-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside (3) was easily synthesized along with seven bidesmosidic saponins starting from the lupane-type triterpenoids betulin (1) and betulinic acid (2). As highlighted by the preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation against A549, DLD-1, MCF7, and PC-3 human cancer cell lines, the bidesmosidic betulin saponin 22a, bearing alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside moieties at both C-3 and C-28 positions, was determined to be a potent cytotoxic agent (IC(50) 1.8-1.9 microM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gauthier
- Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Separation des Essences Vegetales (LASEVE), Departement des Sciences Fondamentales, Universite du Quebec a Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada, G7H 2B1
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