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Wang Y, Li Y, Fuhr O, Nieger M, Hassan Z, Bräse S. Synthesis of Mono-, Di-, Tri-, and Tetra-cationic Pyridinium and Vinylpyridinium Modified [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Modular Receptors for Supramolecular Systems. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202400024. [PMID: 38471964 PMCID: PMC11319226 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this report, a new series of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetra-cationic pyridinium and vinyl pyridinium-modified [2.2]paracyclophanes as useful molecular tectons for supramolecular systems are described. Regioselective functionalization at specific positions, followed by resolution step and successive transformations through Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling chemistry furnish a series of modular PCP scaffolds. In our proof-of-concept study, on N-methylation, the PCPs bearing (cationic) pyridyl functionalities were demonstrated as useful molecular receptors in host-guest supramolecular assays. The PCPs on grafting with light-responsive azobenzene (-N=N-) functional core as side-groups impart photosensitivity that can be remotely transformed on irradiation, offering photo-controlled smart molecular functions. Furthermore, the symmetrical PCPs bearing bi-, and tetra-pyridyl functionalities at the peripheries have enormous potential to serve as ditopic and tetratopic 3D molecular tectons for engineering non-covalent supramolecular assemblies with new structural and functional attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Yuting Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMFi)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 5500014University of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical SystemsFunctional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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2
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Dočekal V, Koucký F, Císařová I, Veselý J. Organocatalytic desymmetrization provides access to planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3090. [PMID: 38600078 PMCID: PMC11006895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes consist of two functionalized benzene rings connected by two ethylene bridges. These organic compounds have a wide range of applications in asymmetric synthesis, as both ligands and catalysts, and in materials science, as polymers, energy materials and dyes. However, these molecules can only be accessed by enantiomer separation via (a) time-consuming chiral separations and (b) kinetic resolution approaches, often with a limited substrate scope, yielding both enantiomers. Here, we report a simple, efficient, metal-free protocol for organocatalytic desymmetrization of prochiral diformyl[2.2]paracyclophanes. Our detailed experimental mechanistic study highlights differences in the origin of enantiocontrol of pseudo-para and pseudo-gem diformyl derivatives in NHC catalyzed desymmetrizations based on whether a key Breslow intermediate is irreversibly or reversibly formed in this process. This gram-scale reaction enables a wide range of follow-up derivatizations of carbonyl groups, producing various enantiomerically pure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives, thereby underscoring the potential of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Dočekal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Veselý
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.
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3
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Yanagawa A, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis and characterization of one-handed helical oligo( o-phenylene)s: control of axial chirality by planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1468-1471. [PMID: 38223998 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Optically active oligo(o-phenylene)-layered molecules were synthesized from planar chiral enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane. Their structures and optical properties were characterized by experimental and theoretical approaches. The axial chiralities between phenylene rings of the oligo(o-phenylene)s were controlled by the planar chirality to form one-handed helical structures. The o-quinquephenyl-layered molecule was emissive, and circularly polarized luminescence was observed with a high anisotropy factor (|glum| value) of 0.012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Yanagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan.
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan.
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4
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Jikuhara K, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Aggregation-induced emission from optically active X-shaped molecules based on planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22647. [PMID: 38114515 PMCID: PMC10730888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An optically active π-stacked molecule was synthesized incorporating planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane and o-carborane units to impart circularly polarized luminescence and aggregation-induced emission properties to the molecule. The molecule exhibited a strong emission from the aggregated state in a mixed solvent system (H2O/THF) and the solid state in the PMMA matrix. In the aggregated state, weak circularly polarized luminescence was observed owing to the random intermolecular orientation. On the other hand, the circularly polarized luminescence was clearly observed in the PMMA film containing 1 wt% molecule. Theoretical studies using time-dependent density functional theory reproduced the molecule's circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Jikuhara
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan.
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5
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Huo SC, Indurmuddam RR, Hong BC, Lu CF, Chien SY. The hamburger-shape photocatalyst: thioxanthone-based chiral [2.2]paracyclophane for enantioselective visible-light photocatalysis of 3-methylquinoxalin-2(1 H)-one and styrenes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9330-9336. [PMID: 37987508 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01580g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A new thioxanthone-based photocatalyst with a [2.2]paracyclophane skeleton and planar chirality has been developed. The catalyst has been successfully applied in the visible light-mediated enantioselective aza Paternò-Büchi reactions of quinoxalinone and styrenes to produce azetidines. The structures of the catalyst derivatives were unequivocally determined by their single crystal X-ray crystallography analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chih Huo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan.
| | | | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Fu Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Ying Chien
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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6
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Yu S, Bao H, Zhang D, Yang X. Kinetic resolution of substituted amido[2.2]paracyclophanes via asymmetric electrophilic amination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5239. [PMID: 37640717 PMCID: PMC10462673 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives are a type of structurally intriguing and practically useful chiral molecules, which have found a range of important applications in the field of asymmetric catalysis and material science. However, access to enantioenriched [2.2]paracyclophanes represents a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis due to their unique structures, which are still highly dependent on the chiral chromatography separation technique and classical chemical resolution strategy to date. In this work, we report on an efficient and versatile kinetic resolution protocol for various substituted amido[2.2]paracyclophanes, including those with pseudo-geminal, pseudo-ortho, pseudo-meta and pseudo-para disubstitutions, using chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed asymmetric amination reaction, which was also applicable to the enantioselective desymmetrization of an achiral diamido[2.2]paracyclophane. Detailed experimental studies shed light on a new reaction mechanism for the electrophilic aromatic C-H amination, which proceeded through sequential triazane formation and N[1,5]-rearrangement. The facile large-scale kinetic resolution reaction and diverse derivatizations of both the recovered chiral starting materials and the C-H amination products showcased the potential of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoze Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hanyang Bao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Dekun Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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7
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Matsumura K, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of two optically active V-shaped molecules: Investigating the correlation between the stacking angle and chiroptical properties. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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8
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Morisaki A, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Two Novel Optically Active #-Shaped Cyclic Tetramers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes. Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203533. [PMID: 36585383 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of optically active cyclic tetramers comprising four stacked π-electron systems from two enantiomerically pure [2.2]paracyclophane compounds (bis-(para)-pseudo-ortho- and bis-(para)-pseudo-meta-tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane compounds). Depending on the combination of the absolute configurations of the planar chiral pseudo-ortho- and pseudo-meta-[2.2]paracyclophane units, the cyclic tetramers formed either parallel-#- or weave-#-structures. The optical and chiroptical properties of both structures were investigated experimentally and theoretically. In particular, the weave-#-shaped cyclic tetramer exhibited good chiroptical properties and emitted circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with a high anisotropy factor (|glum | value of the order of 10-3 ) and a CPL brightness (BCPL ) higher than 100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
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9
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Maeda H, Inoue R, Saeki A, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of optically active through-space conjugated polymers consisting of planar chiral pseudo-meta-disubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Hassan Z, Varadharajan D, Zippel C, Begum S, Lahann J, Bräse S. Design Strategies for Structurally Controlled Polymer Surfaces via Cyclophane-Based CVD Polymerization and Post-CVD Fabrication. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201761. [PMID: 35555829 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular structuring of soft matter with precise arrangements over multiple hierarchical levels, especially on polymer surfaces, and enabling their post-synthetic modulation has tremendous potential for application in molecular engineering and interfacial science. Here, recent research and developments in design strategies for structurally controlled polymer surfaces via cyclophane-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization with precise control over chemical functionalities and post-CVD fabrication via orthogonal surface functionalization that facilitates the formation of designable biointerfaces are summarized. Particular discussion about innovative approaches for the templated synthesis of shape-controlled CVD polymers, ranging from 1D to 3D architecture, including inside confined nanochannels, nanofibers/nanowires synthesis into an anisotropic media such as liquid crystals, and CVD polymer nanohelices via hierarchical chirality transfer across multiple length scales is provided. Aiming at multifunctional polymer surfaces via CVD copolymerization of multiple precursors, the structural and functional design of the fundamental [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) precursor molecules, that is, functional CVD monomer chemistry is also described. Technologically advanced and innovative surface deposition techniques toward topological micro- and nanostructuring, including microcontact printing, photopatterning, photomask, and lithographic techniques such as dip-pen nanolithography, showcasing research from the authors' laboratories as well as other's relevant important findings in this evolving field are highlighted that have introduced new programmable CVD polymerization capabilities. Perspectives, current limitations, and future considerations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Divya Varadharajan
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christoph Zippel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Salma Begum
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jörg Lahann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Biointerfaces Institute, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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11
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Sawada R, Gon M, Chujo Y, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Optically Active π-Stacked Molecules: Effect of π-Stacking Position on the Chiroptical Properties. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risa Sawada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330
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12
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Tsuchiya M, Inoue R, Tanaka K, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Twisted Anthracenes: Induction of Twist Chirality by the Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200418. [PMID: 35603977 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane was employed as chiral scaffolds to twist an anthracene ring by tethering at its 1- and 8positions; thus, twist chirality was induced in the anthracene moiety. The chiroptical properties of the resulting molecule, including circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), were found to be derived from the twist chirality. An analogous molecule bearing long alkyl chains was a viscous liquid, and its liquid film exhibited good CD and CPL profiles. The theoretical studies are carried out to determine the origin of these properties in the ground and excited states, which reproduced well the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tsuchiya
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, 669-1330, Sanda, JAPAN
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13
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Wang D, Shao Y, Chen Y, Xue X, Yang X. Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar‐Chiral Macrocycles through Asymmetric Electrophilic Aromatic Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201064. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Bo Shao
- College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yunrong Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Song Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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14
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Wang D, Shao Y, Chen Y, Xue X, Yang X. Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar‐Chiral Macrocycles through Asymmetric Electrophilic Aromatic Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Bo Shao
- College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yunrong Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Song Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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15
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Tewari S, Mungalpara MN, Patel S, Rowlands GJ. The concise synthesis and resolution of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane oxazolines by C-H activation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8588-8591. [PMID: 35424822 PMCID: PMC8984818 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes are resolved through the direct C–H arylation of enantiopure oxazolines, providing a convenient route to ligands and chiral materials. Preliminary results show that hydrolysis followed by decarboxylative phosphorylation leads to enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives that are otherwise challenging to prepare. Racemic bromo[2.2]paracyclophanes are directly transformed into enantiomerically pure planar chiral oxazolines in one step with simultaneous resolution of planar chirality.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tewari
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Maulik N Mungalpara
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Suraj Patel
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Gareth J Rowlands
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
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16
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Tabata D, Inoue R, Sasai Y, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Optically Active V(120°)- and (60°)-Shaped Molecules Comprising Different π-Electron Systems. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
| | - Yusaku Sasai
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
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17
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Miki N, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of One-handed Helical Oligo-o-phenylene-ethynylenes Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337
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18
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Miki N, Maeda H, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses and Chiroptical Properties of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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19
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Tanaka K, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Optically Active Cyclic Oligomers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101267. [PMID: 34845839 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Optically active cyclic dimer, trimer, and tetramer, in which the p-arylene-ethynylenes were stacked, were prepared using enantiopure 4,7,12,15-tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane as the chiral building block. All molecules exhibited clear Cotton effects in their absorption bands with mirror image spectra, and the signals of the longest wavelengths of the (Rp )- and (Sp )-isomers were positive and negative, respectively. Their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signs corresponded with the those of the first Cotton effect. For all molecules, molecular orbitals were localized in one of the stacked p-arylene-ethynylenes in the excited states, resulting in a similar photoluminescence behavior. Although the cyclic dimer did not emit CPL, the cyclic trimer and tetramer exhibited intense CPL emissions with a relatively high dissymmetry factor in the order of 10-3 . Their optical and chiroptical properties were reproduced by time-dependent density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
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20
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Asakawa R, Tabata D, Miki N, Tsuchiya M, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules: Relationship Between their Chiroptical Properties and the Orientation of the Stacked π‐Electron System. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Asakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) Osaka University 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Daiki Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Motoki Tsuchiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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21
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Zippel C, Israil R, Schüssler L, Hassan Z, Schneider EK, Weis P, Nieger M, Bizzarri C, Kappes MM, Riehn C, Diller R, Bräse S. Metal-to-Metal Distance Modulated Au(I)/Ru(II) Cyclophanyl Complexes: Cooperative Effects in Photoredox Catalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:15187-15200. [PMID: 34655123 PMCID: PMC8596992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The modular synthesis of Au(I)/Ru(II) decorated mono- and heterobimetallic complexes with π-conjugated [2.2]paracyclophane is described. [2.2]Paracyclophane serves as a rigid spacer which holds the metal centers in precise spatial orientations and allows metal-to-metal distance modulation. A broad set of architectural arrangements of pseudo -geminal, -ortho, -meta, and -para substitution patterns were employed. Metal-to-metal distance modulation of Au(I)/Ru(II) heterobimetallic complexes and the innate transannular π-communication of the cyclophanyl scaffold provides a promising platform for the investigations of structure-activity relationship and cooperative effects. The Au(I)/Ru(II) heterobimetallic cyclophanyl complexes are stable, easily accessible, and exhibit promising catalytic activity in the visible-light promoted arylative Meyer-Schuster rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zippel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Roumany Israil
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK)Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Lars Schüssler
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK)Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 4667663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Erik K. Schneider
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Patrick Weis
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 55Helsinki00014Finland
| | - Claudia Bizzarri
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHerman-von Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Christoph Riehn
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK)Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
- Research Center OPTIMASErwin-Schrödinger-Str. 4667663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Rolf Diller
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK)Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 4667663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical SystemsFunctional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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22
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Hassan Z, Bräse S. Metal-to-Metal Distance Modulation by Ligand Design: A Case Study of Structure-Property Correlation in Planar Chiral Cyclophanyl Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:15020-15026. [PMID: 34449116 PMCID: PMC8597128 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear metal complexes have seen tremendous progress in synthetic advances, their versatile structural features, and emerging applications. Here, we conceptualize Metal-to-Metal distance modulation in cyclophanyl metal complexes by bridging ligand design employing the co-facially stacked cyclophanyl-derived pseudo-geminal, -ortho, -meta, and -para constitutional isomers grafted with N-, O-, and P- containing chelates that allow the installation of diverse (hetero)metallic moieties in a distance-defined and spatially-oriented relation to one another. Metal-to-Metal distance modulation and innate transannular "through-space" π-π electronic interactions via the co-facially stacked benzene rings in cyclophanyl-derived complexes as well as their specific stereochemical structural features (element of planar chirality) are crucial factors that contribute to the tuning of structure-property relationships, which stand at the very center from the perspective of cooperative effects in catalysis as well as emerging material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical SystemsFunctional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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23
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Zippel C, Bartholomeyzik T, Friedmann C, Nieger M, Hassan Z, Bräse S. Regioselective
ortho
‐Palladation of [2.2]Paracyclophane Scaffolds: Accessing Planar and Central Chiral N,C‐Palladacycles. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zippel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Teresa Bartholomeyzik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Christian Friedmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki P. O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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24
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Biliz F, Cakici M. Regioselective Synthesis of 4,7,12,15‐Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: A Modular Route Involving Optical Resolution. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatmanur Biliz
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
| | - Murat Cakici
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
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25
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Tsuchiya M, Maeda H, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Construction of helical structures with planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane: fusing helical and planar chiralities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9256-9259. [PMID: 34519318 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03320d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optically active conjugated molecules bearing one-handed helical structures, in which two [4]helicenes or two phenanthrenes are stacked at terminal benzene moieties, were prepared using enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane as a chiral scaffold. The obtained molecules exhibited excellent chiroptical properties such as circularly polarized luminescence with high disymmetry factors. Planar chiral pseudo-meta-disubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane was also optically resolved on the sub-gram-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tsuchiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
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26
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Zhao Y, Ding YX, Wu B, Zhou YG. Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation for Kinetic Resolution of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived Cyclic N-Sulfonylimines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10788-10798. [PMID: 34264081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation for kinetic resolution of [2.2]paracyclophane-derived cyclic N-sulfonylimines was successfully developed. High selectivity factors were observed in most cases (s up to 89), providing the recovered materials and hydrogenation products in good yields with high levels of enantiopurity. The recovered materials and hydrogenation products are useful synthetic intermediates for the synthesis of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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27
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Patel S, Dais TN, Plieger PG, Rowlands GJ. Breaking paracyclophane: the unexpected formation of non-symmetric disubstituted nitro[2.2]metaparacyclophanes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1518-1526. [PMID: 34285723 PMCID: PMC8261525 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituted [2.2]metaparacyclophanes are amongst the least studied of the simple cyclophanes. This is undoubtedly the result of the lengthy syntheses of these compounds. We report the simple synthesis of a rare example of a non-symmetric [2.2]metaparacyclophane. Treatment of [2.2]paracyclophane under standard nitration conditions gives a mixture of 4-nitro[2.2]paracyclophane, 4-hydroxy-5-nitro[2.2]metaparacyclophane and a cyclohexadienone cyclophane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Patel
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Tyson N Dais
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Paul G Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Gareth J Rowlands
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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28
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Felder S, Micouin L, Benedetti E. Para‐Functionalization of N‐Substituted 4‐amino[2.2]paracyclophanes by Regioselective Formylation. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Felder
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques – UMR8601 CNRS Université de Paris 45 rue des Saints Pères 75006 Paris France
| | - Laurent Micouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques – UMR8601 CNRS Université de Paris 45 rue des Saints Pères 75006 Paris France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques – UMR8601 CNRS Université de Paris 45 rue des Saints Pères 75006 Paris France
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29
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Mungalpara MN, Plieger PG, Rowlands GJ. The Synthesis of Pyridyl[2.2]paracyclophanes by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Pyridine Sulfinates. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Gareth J. Rowlands
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
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30
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Zippel C, Hassan Z, Parsa AQ, Hohmann J, Bräse S. Multigram‐Scale Kinetic Resolution of 4‐Acetyl[2.2]Paracyclophane
via
Ru‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation: Accessing [2.2]Paracyclophanes with Planar and Central Chirality. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zippel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ahmad Qais Parsa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jens Hohmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – FMS Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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31
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Kitagaki S, Shimo E, Takeda S, Fukai R, Kojima N, Yoshioka S, Takenaga N, Yoshida K. Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane-Based Bis(thiourea)-Catalyzed Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Michael Addition Reaction of Nitroethane to Nitrostyrenes. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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32
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Zhao Y, Wang XQ, Yu YJ, Zhou YG. Kinetic Resolution of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived Cyclic N-Sulfonylimines via Palladium-Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1262-1272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Deschamps D, Lohier JF, Richards CJ, Gaumont AC, Perrio S. Functionalization of [2.2]Paracyclophanes via a Reductive Sulfanylation Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 86:507-514. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Deschamps
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, LCMT, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - Christopher J. Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stéphane Perrio
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, LCMT, 14000 Caen, France
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34
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Zippel C, Spuling E, Hassan Z, Polamo M, Nieger M, Bräse S. Controlling Regioselectivity in Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Aryl-Aryl Coupling of 4-Phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane. Chemistry 2020; 26:13771-13775. [PMID: 33245570 PMCID: PMC7693239 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective activation/functionalization of C-H bonds has emerged as an atom- and step-economical process at the forefront of modern synthetic chemistry. This work reports palladium-catalyzed exclusively para-selective C-H activation/aryl-aryl bond formation with a preference over N-arylation under the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction of 4-phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane. This innovative synthetic strategy allows a facile preparation of [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives featuring disparate para-substitutions at C-4 and C-7 positions in a highly selective manner, gives access to a series of potential candidates for [2.2]paracyclophane-derived new planar chiral ligands. The unprecedented behavior in reactivity and preferential selectivity of C-C coupling over C-N bond formation via C-H activation is unique to the [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold compared to the non-cyclophane analogue under the same reaction conditions. Selective C-H activation/aryl-aryl bond formation and sequential C-N coupling product formation is evidenced unambiguously by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zippel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3D Matter Made To Order—Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1–390761711)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Mika Polamo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 5500014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 5500014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3D Matter Made To Order—Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1–390761711)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical SystemsFunctional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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35
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Blangetti M, O'Shea DF. Chiral auxiliary-mediated synthesis of planar chiral [2.2]metacyclophanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Hassan Z, Spuling E, Knoll DM, Bräse S. Regioselective Functionalization of [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Recent Synthetic Progress and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2156-2170. [PMID: 31283092 PMCID: PMC7003812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[2.2]Paracyclophane (PCP) is a prevalent scaffold that is widely utilized in asymmetric synthesis, π-stacked polymers, energy materials, and functional parylene coatings that finds broad applications in bio- and materials science. In the last few years, [2.2]paracyclophane chemistry has progressed tremendously, enabling the fine-tuning of its structural and functional properties. This Minireview highlights the most important recent synthetic developments in the selective functionalization of PCP that govern distinct features of planar chirality as well as chiroptical and optoelectronic properties. Special focus is given to the function-inspired design of [2.2]paracyclophane-based π-stacked conjugated materials by transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Current synthetic challenges, limitations, as well as future research directions and new avenues for advancing cyclophane chemistry are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3DMM2O—Cluster of ExcellenceInstitute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Germany
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Daniel M. Knoll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3DMM2O—Cluster of ExcellenceInstitute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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Yoshida K, Yasue R. <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Having Planar Chiral Ferrocene Structure. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University
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Kitagaki S, Tsuji M, Teramoto H, Takenaga N, Yoshida K. Planar Chiral Phosphino[2.2]paracyclophanol-Catalyzed Highly Regio- and Stereoselective [3+2] Annulation Reaction of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates with Dicyanomethylideneoxindoles. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-s(f)3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hassan Z, Spuling E, Knoll DM, Bräse S. Regioselektive Funktionalisierung von [2.2]Paracyclophanen: aktuelle Synthesefortschritte und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- 3DMM2O – ExzellenzclusterInstitut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Deutschland
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Daniel M. Knoll
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- 3DMM2O – ExzellenzclusterInstitut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Deutschland
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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Gogin LL, Yushchenko DY, Konev VN, Sergeev EE, Zhizhina EG, Khlebnikova TB, Pai ZP. Ways of Synthesizing Dichloro-[2,2]-Paracyclophane: A Review. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050419010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Delcourt ML, Felder S, Turcaud S, Pollok CH, Merten C, Micouin L, Benedetti E. Highly Enantioselective Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation: A Practical and Scalable Method To Efficiently Access Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5369-5382. [PMID: 30887802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a general, practical method based on asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) to control the planar chirality of a range of substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes (pCps). Our strategy enabled us to perform both the kinetic resolution (KR) of racemic compounds and the desymmetrization of centrosymmetric meso derivatives on synthetically useful scales. High selectivities (up to 99% ee) and good yields (up to 48% for the KRs and 74% for the desymmetrization reactions) could be observed for several poly-substituted paracyclophanes, including a series of bromine-containing molecules. The optimized processes could be run up to the gram scale without any loss in the reaction efficiencies. Because of its broad applicability, the ATH approach appears to be the method of choice to access planar chiral pCps in their enantiopure form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Léonie Delcourt
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Simon Felder
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Serge Turcaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Corina H Pollok
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 2 , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße , 150 44801 Bochum , Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 2 , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße , 150 44801 Bochum , Germany
| | - Laurent Micouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
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Weiland KJ, Gallego A, Mayor M. Beyond Simple Substitution Patterns - Symmetrically Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes as 3D Functional Materials. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Weiland
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Almudena Gallego
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); P.O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
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Zhao Y, Wang H, Wu B, Zhou YG. Synthesis of paracyclophanes with planar and central chirality: kinetic resolution of [2.2]paracyclophane aldimines via palladium-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01011d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic resolution of [2.2]paracyclophane aldimines was achieved through a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective arylation, providing access to chiral paracyclophanes with planar and central chirality as well as the recovered chiral aldimines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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Yoshida K, Yasue R. Planar-Chiral Ferrocene-Based N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Chemistry 2018; 24:18575-18586. [PMID: 30277615 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, characterized by attractive features, have increased their presence in transition-metal catalysis. However, chiral NHC ligands still require further design enhancement to realize far more exciting synthetic applications. This review documents advances in chiral NHC ligands, focusing on planar-chiral ferrocene-based NHCs. As the basic shape of most classes of NHC rings is planar, it seems rational to employ a planar-chiral element in the design of chiral NHC ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Risa Yasue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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45
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Hassan Z, Spuling E, Knoll DM, Lahann J, Bräse S. Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes: from synthetic curiosity to applications in asymmetric synthesis and materials. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6947-6963. [PMID: 30065985 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00803a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based ligands and employment of such enantiopure representative ligands to facilitate selective transformation of prochiral or racemic substances into enantiopure products are rarely explored compared to the complex chiral scaffolds such as ferrocenes. This tutorial discusses recent findings and inspiring progress in design, synthetic tunability and applications of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane systems as a practical class of catalysts for asymmetric synthesis. Here, we summarize a series of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes that are becoming an important new tool-box in asymmetric synthesis, employed in a variety of synthetic venues such as new chiral ligands and catalysts for stereo-controlled and enantioselective addition of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and aryl zinc reagents to aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, ketones, imines and many more. Besides, planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes are useful synthons, from a material perspective, can be incorporated into conjugated polymeric systems for chiroptical and optoelectronic properties, find broad applications in bio- and materials science, for instance, gold-based cytostatics, surface-mounted chiral MOF thin films for selective adsorption or in functionalized parylene polymer coatings, to name a few. This is an up-to-date tutorial review, written exclusively on planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane chemistry, covering key aspects of synthesis, structures, properties, applications and future directions of chiral polymeric assemblies and novel biomaterials built with [2.2]paracyclophanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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46
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Mungalpara MN, Wang J, Coles MP, Plieger PG, Rowlands GJ. The synthesis of a [2.2]paracyclophane-derived secondary phosphine oxide and a study of its reactivity. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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47
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Akagawa K, Higuchi J, Yoshikawa I, Kudo K. Kinetic Resolution of Ansa Cyclophanes by Peptide-Catalyzed Aldol/Retro-Aldol Reactions. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Akagawa
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Junichi Higuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Isao Yoshikawa
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kudo
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
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48
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Delcourt ML, Felder S, Benedetti E, Micouin L. Highly Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Centrosymmetric pseudo-para-Diformyl[2.2]paracyclophane via Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Léonie Delcourt
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Simon Felder
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Micouin
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
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49
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Kitagaki S, Nakamura K, Kawabata C, Ishikawa A, Takenaga N, Yoshida K. Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based phosphine–phenols: use in enantioselective [3 + 2] annulations of allenoates and N-tosylimines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1770-1778. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00248g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based phosphine–phenols efficiently catalyze the [3 + 2] annulation of N-tosylimines and allenoate.
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50
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Braun C, Nieger M, Thiel WR, Bräse S. [2.2]Paracyclophanes with N-Heterocycles as Ligands for Mono- and Dinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:15474-15483. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Braun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Werner R. Thiel
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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