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Jiang YY, Fan X, Li Y, Ji GC, Liu P, Bi S. Computational Study Revealing the Mechanistic Origin of Distinct Performances of P(O)-H/OH Compounds in Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphorylation of Terminal Alkynes: Switchable Mechanisms and Potential Side Reactions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14673-14684. [PMID: 36226799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed hydrophosphorylation of alkynes with P(O)-H compounds provided atom-economical and oxidant-free access to alkenylphosphoryl compounds. Nevertheless, the applicable P(O)-H substrates were limited to those without a hydroxyl group except H2P(O)OH. It is also puzzling that Ph2P(O)OH could co-catalyze the reaction to improve Markovnikov selectivity. Herein, a computational study was conducted to elucidate the mechanistic origin of the phenomena described above. It was found that switchable mechanisms influenced by the acidity of substrates and co-catalysts operate in hydrophosphorylation. In addition, potential side reactions caused by the protonation of PdII-alkenyl intermediates with P(O)-OH species were revealed. The regeneration of an active Pd(0) catalyst from the resulting Pd(II) complexes is remarkably slower than the hydrophosphonylation, while the downstream reactions, if possible, would lead to phosphorus 2-pyrone. Further analysis indicated that the side reactions could be suppressed by utilizing bulky substrates or ligands or by decreasing the concentration of P(O)-OH species. The presented switchable mechanisms and side reactions shed light on the co-transformations of P(O)-H and P-OH compounds in the Pd-catalyzed hydrophosphorylation of alkynes, clarify the origin of the distinct performances of P(O)-H/OH compounds, and provide theoretical clues for expanding the applicable substrate scope of hydrophosphorylation and synthesizing cyclic alkenylphosphoryl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ye Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Cui Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
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2
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Ruf E, Naundorf T, Seddig T, Kipphardt H, Maison W. Natural Product-Derived Phosphonic Acids as Corrosion Inhibitors for Iron and Steel. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061778. [PMID: 35335142 PMCID: PMC8955919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids, typically derived from an oil-based value chain, are frequently used as corrosion inhibitors in industrial metal working fluids. The criteria for selection of these corrosion inhibitors have changed in the last decades, and are today not only performance-driven, but influenced by ecological considerations, toxicity and regulatory standards. We present scalable semisynthetic approaches to organic corrosion inhibitors based on phosphonic acids from renewable resources. They have been evaluated by chip filter assay, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, electrochemical impedance measurements and gravimetry for corrosion protection of iron and steel in an aqueous environment at slightly alkaline pH. The efficacy of several phosphonic acids tested was found to be strongly dependent on structural features influencing molecular self-assembly of protective layers, and the solubility of salts formed with di- and trivalent cations from the media or formed during corrosion. A carboxyphosphonic acid (derived from castor oil) was found to have remarkable anticorrosive effects in all media tested. We attribute the anticorrosion properties of this carboxyphosphonic acid to the formation of particularly stable protective layers on the metal surface. It might thus serve as a commercially attractive substitute for current acidic corrosion inhibitors, derived from renewable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ruf
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (E.R.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Tim Naundorf
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (E.R.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Tom Seddig
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (E.R.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Helmut Kipphardt
- Metall-Chemie Technologies GmbH, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße 93, 20355 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (E.R.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-404-2838-3497
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3
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Kuimov VA, Malysheva SF, Belogorlova NA, Albanov AI, Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. Synthesis of Long‐Chain
n
‐Alkylphosphonic Acids by Phosphonylation of Alkyl Bromides with Red Phosphorus and Superbase under Micellar/Phase Transfer Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Kuimov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Svetlana F. Malysheva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Natalia A. Belogorlova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Alexander I. Albanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Nina K. Gusarova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Boris A. Trofimov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
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Ash J, Huang H, Cordero P, Kang JY. Selective hydrolysis of phosphorus(V) compounds to form organophosphorus monoacids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6007-6014. [PMID: 34165127 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An azide and transition metal-free method for the synthesis of elusive phosphonic, phosphinic, and phosphoric monoacids has been developed. Inert pentavalent P(v)-compounds (phosphonate, phosphinate, and phosphate) are activated by triflate anhydride (Tf2O)/pyridine system to form a highly reactive phosphoryl pyridinium intermediate that undergoes nucleophilic substitution with H2O to selectively deprotect one alkoxy group and form organophosphorus monoacids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Ash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Paula Cordero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
| | - Jun Yong Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
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Geeson M, Cummins CC. Let's Make White Phosphorus Obsolete. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:848-860. [PMID: 32607432 PMCID: PMC7318074 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Industrial and laboratory methods for incorporating phosphorus atoms into molecules within the framework of Green Chemistry are in their infancy. Current practice requires large inputs of energy, involves toxic intermediates, and generates substantial waste. Furthermore, a negligible fraction of phosphorus-containing waste is recycled which in turn contributes to negative environmental impacts, such as eutrophication. Methods that begin to address some of these drawbacks are reviewed, and some key opportunities to be realized by pursuing organophosphorus chemistry under the principles of Green Chemistry are highlighted. Methods used by nature, or in the chemistry of other elements such as silicon, are discussed as model processes for the future of phosphorus in chemical synthesis.
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Berger O, Winters KR, Sabourin A, Dzyuba SV, Montchamp JL. On the cost of academic methodologies. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic methodologies can be easily compared using the Cost of Academic Methodologies (CAM) parameter, which estimates the cost of making a mole of a product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Karen R. Winters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Axel Sabourin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Sergei V. Dzyuba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
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Ntatsopoulos V, Macegoniuk K, Mucha A, Vassiliou S, Berlicki Ł. Structural exploration of cinnamate-based phosphonic acids as inhibitors of bacterial ureases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:307-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
This review highlights the use of the bisphosphine ligand group in homogeneous catalysis.
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Sevrain CM, Berchel M, Couthon H, Jaffrès PA. Phosphonic acid: preparation and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2186-2213. [PMID: 29114326 PMCID: PMC5669239 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphonic acid functional group, which is characterized by a phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms (two hydroxy groups and one P=O double bond) and one carbon atom, is employed for many applications due to its structural analogy with the phosphate moiety or to its coordination or supramolecular properties. Phosphonic acids were used for their bioactive properties (drug, pro-drug), for bone targeting, for the design of supramolecular or hybrid materials, for the functionalization of surfaces, for analytical purposes, for medical imaging or as phosphoantigen. These applications are covering a large panel of research fields including chemistry, biology and physics thus making the synthesis of phosphonic acids a determinant question for numerous research projects. This review gives, first, an overview of the different fields of application of phosphonic acids that are illustrated with studies mainly selected over the last 20 years. Further, this review reports the different methods that can be used for the synthesis of phosphonic acids from dialkyl or diaryl phosphonate, from dichlorophosphine or dichlorophosphine oxide, from phosphonodiamide, or by oxidation of phosphinic acid. Direct methods that make use of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and that produce a phosphonic acid functional group simultaneously to the formation of the P-C bond, are also surveyed. Among all these methods, the dealkylation of dialkyl phosphonates under either acidic conditions (HCl) or using the McKenna procedure (a two-step reaction that makes use of bromotrimethylsilane followed by methanolysis) constitute the best methods to prepare phosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Sevrain
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mathieu Berchel
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Hélène Couthon
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Paul-Alain Jaffrès
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
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10
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Patil A, Singh S, Opere C, Dash A. Sustained-Release Delivery System of a Slow Hydrogen Sulfide Donor, GYY 4137, for Potential Application in Glaucoma. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2291-2302. [PMID: 28101725 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) targets both underlying factors in glaucoma pathogenesis by reducing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and providing retinal neuroprotection, whereas the current clinical approaches targets only reducing IOP. Therefore, H2S could be a potential superior candidate for glaucoma pharmacotherapy. However, H2S could be toxic in a concentration greater than 200 μM and its donors are unstable in water. Therefore, this study investigated the preparation and characterization of a non-aqueous in situ gelling sustained-release delivery system for H2S donors. The delivery system was prepared by dissolving GYY 4137, a H2S donor, in poly lactide-co-glycolide polymer (PLGA) (Resomer® RG 502H) solution prepared by dissolving polymer in a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzyl benzoate in a ratio of 7:3, respectively. The GYY 4137 formulation was characterized for syringeability/injectability, change in pH and tonicity, moisture content, GYY 4137 degradation, and toxicity using rheometer, pH and osmometer, Karl Fisher titrimeter, NMR spectrometer, and Y79 retinoblastoma cells, respectively. The formulation was easily syringeable and injectable as evidenced by rheological data (plastic flow pattern with 43.89 ± 3.21 cP viscosity and 1.12 ± 0.15 Pa yield value). The pH, tonicity, and moisture content values were within acceptable range. NMR spectroscopy indicated presence of 4-methoxyphenylphosphonic acid (GYY 4137 degradation product). The GYY 4137 formulation did not show any significant (p < 0.05) toxicity except the solvent mixture. A sustained release of H2S was observed up to 72 h. The in situ gel forming PLGA-based system can be manipulated to achieve sustained release of H2S from its donor GYY 4137.
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11
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Nifant'ev IE, Minyaev ME, Tavtorkin AN, Vinogradov AA, Ivchenko PV. Branched alkylphosphinic and disubstituted phosphinic and phosphonic acids: effective synthesis based on α-olefin dimers and applications in lanthanide extraction and separation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03770h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched phosphinic and phosphonic acids based on α-olefin dimers demonstrated promising results in lanthanide extraction tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. E. Nifant'ev
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
| | - M. E. Minyaev
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - A. N. Tavtorkin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Vinogradov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - P. V. Ivchenko
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
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12
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Sang L, Mudalige A, Sigdel AK, Giordano AJ, Marder SR, Berry JJ, Pemberton JE. PM-IRRAS Determination of Molecular Orientation of Phosphonic Acid Self-Assembled Monolayers on Indium Zinc Oxide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5603-5613. [PMID: 25924006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of phosphonic acids (PAs) on transparent conductive oxide (TCO) surfaces can facilitate improvement in TCO/organic semiconductor interface properties. When ordered PA SAMs are formed on oxide substrates, interface dipole and electronic structure are affected by the functional group properties, orientation, and binding modes of the modifiers. Choosing octylphosphonic acid (OPA), F13-octylphosphonic acid (F13OPA), pentafluorophenyl phosphonic acid (F5PPA), benzyl phosphonic acid (BnPA), and pentafluorobenzyl phosphonic acid (F5BnPA) as a representative group of modifiers, we report polarization modulation-infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) of binding and molecular orientation on indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO) substrates. Considerable variability in molecular orientation and binding type is observed with changes in PA functional group. OPA exhibits partially disordered alkyl chains but on average the chain axis is tilted ∼57° from the surface normal. F13OPA tilts 26° with mostly tridentate binding. The F5PPA ring is tilted 23° from the surface normal with a mixture of bidentate and tridentate binding; the BnPA ring tilts 31° from normal with a mixture of bidentate and tridentate binding, and the F5BnPA ring tilts 58° from normal with a majority of bidentate with some tridenate binding. These trends are consistent with what has been observed previously for the effects of fluorination on orientation of phosphonic acid modifiers. These results from PM-IRRAS are correlated with recent results on similar systems from near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Overall, these results indicate that both surface binding geometry and intermolecular interactions play important roles in dictating the orientation of PA modifiers on TCO surfaces. This work also establishes PM-IRRAS as a routine method for SAM orientation determination on complex oxide substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzi Sang
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Anoma Mudalige
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Ajaya K Sigdel
- ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States
- §National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Anthony J Giordano
- ∥School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- ∥School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Joseph J Berry
- §National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jeanne E Pemberton
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Alexander BE, Coles SJ, Fox BC, Khan TF, Maliszewski J, Perry A, Pitak MB, Whiteman M, Wood ME. Investigating the generation of hydrogen sulfide from the phosphonamidodithioate slow-release donor GYY4137. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00170f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-step hydrolytic decomposition pathway has been elucidated for the slow-release hydrogen sulfide donor GYY4137.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon J. Coles
- EPSRC UK National Crystallography Service, Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | | | - Tahmina F. Khan
- Biosciences
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
| | - Joseph Maliszewski
- Biosciences
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
| | - Alexis Perry
- Biosciences
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
| | - Mateusz B. Pitak
- EPSRC UK National Crystallography Service, Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | | | - Mark E. Wood
- Biosciences
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
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Ananikov VP, Khemchyan LL, Ivanova YV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Sorokin AM, Prosvirin IP, Vatsadze SZ, Medved'ko AV, Nuriev VN, Dilman AD, Levin VV, Koptyug IV, Kovtunov KV, Zhivonitko VV, Likholobov VA, Romanenko AV, Simonov PA, Nenajdenko VG, Shmatova OI, Muzalevskiy VM, Nechaev MS, Asachenko AF, Morozov OS, Dzhevakov PB, Osipov SN, Vorobyeva DV, Topchiy MA, Zotova MA, Ponomarenko SA, Borshchev OV, Luponosov YN, Rempel AA, Valeeva AA, Stakheev AY, Turova OV, Mashkovsky IS, Sysolyatin SV, Malykhin VV, Bukhtiyarova GA, Terent'ev AO, Krylov IB. Development of new methods in modern selective organic synthesis: preparation of functionalized molecules with atomic precision. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v83n10abeh004471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Montchamp JL. Phosphinate chemistry in the 21st century: a viable alternative to the use of phosphorus trichloride in organophosphorus synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:77-87. [PMID: 23909275 DOI: 10.1021/ar400071v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds are important in everyday applications ranging from agriculture to medicine and are used in flame retardants and other materials. Although organophosphorus chemistry is known as a mature and specialized area, researchers would like to develop new methods for synthesizing organophosphorus compounds to improve the safety and sustainability of these chemical processes. The vast majority of compounds that contain a phosphorus-carbon bond are manufactured using phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) as an intermediate. However, these reactions require chlorine, and researchers would like to avoid the use of PCl3 and develop safer chemistry that also decreases energy consumption and minimizes waste. Researchers have already proposed and discussed two primary strategies based on elemental phosphorus (P4 or Pred) or on phosphine (PH3) as alternatives to PCl3. However, phosphinates, an important class of phosphorus compounds defined as any compound with a phosphorus atom attached to two oxygens, R(1)R(2)P(O)(OR) (R(1)/R(2) = hydrogen/carbon), offer another option. This Account discusses the previously neglected potential of these phosphinates as replacements of PCl3 for the preparation of organophosphorus compounds. Because of their strong reductive properties, industry currently uses the simplest members of this class of compounds, hypophosphites, for one major application: electroless plating. In comparison with other proposed PCl3 surrogates, hypophosphorous derivatives can offer improved stability, lower toxicity, higher solubility, and increased atom economy. When their reducing power is harnessed to form phosphorus-carbon or phosphorus-oxygen bonds, these compounds are also rich and versatile precursors to organophosphorus compounds. This Account examines the use of transition metal-catalyzed reactions such as cross-coupling and hydrophosphinylation for phosphorus-carbon bond formation. Because the most important industrial organophosphorus compounds include compounds triply or quadruply bound to oxygen, I also discuss controlled transfer hydrogenation for phosphorus-oxygen bond formation. I hope that this Account will further promote research in this novel and exciting yet much underdeveloped area of phosphinate activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, TCU Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
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Fisher HC, Prost L, Montchamp JL. Organophosphorus Chemistry without PCl3: A Bridge from Hypophosphorous Acid to H-Phosphonate Diesters. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Malysheva SF, Kuimov VA, Artem’ev AV, Belogorlova NA, Albanov AI, Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. Synthesis of [2-(methoxyaryl)-1-methylethyl]phosphinic acids from red phosphorus and (allyl)(methoxy)benzenes. Russ Chem Bull 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-012-0246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Chinchilla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad
de Ciencias, and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante,
Spain
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad
de Ciencias, and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante,
Spain
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Montchamp JL. Organophosphorus Synthesis Without Phosphorus Trichloride: The Case for the Hypophosphorous Pathway. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2012.727925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Montchamp
- a Department of Chemistry , Texas Christian University , Fort Worth , Texas , USA
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Berger O, Petit C, Deal EL, Montchamp JL. Phosphorus-Carbon Bond Formation: Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling ofH-Phosphinates and Other P(O)H-Containing Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Artem'ev AV, Malysheva SF, Korocheva AO, Bagryanskaya IY. One-Pot Halogen-Free Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl-phosphinic Acid from 1H-indene and Elemental Phosphorus via the Trofimov-Gusarova Reaction. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Artem'ev
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 664033; Irkutsk; Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana F. Malysheva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 664033; Irkutsk; Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya O. Korocheva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 664033; Irkutsk; Russian Federation
| | - Irina Yu. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090; Novosibirsk; Russian Federation
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23
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Keglevich G, Grün A, Bölcskei A, Drahos L, Kraszni M, Balogh GT. Synthesis and Proton Dissociation Properties of Arylphosphonates: A Microwave-Assisted Catalytic Arbuzov Reaction with Aryl Bromides. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; 1521 Budapest; Hungary
| | | | - Adrienn Bölcskei
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; 1521 Budapest; Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Chemical Research Center; 1525 Budapest; Hungary
| | - Márta Kraszni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Semmelweis University; 1092 Budapest; Hungary
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24
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Montel S, Midrier C, Volle JN, Braun R, Haaf K, Willms L, Pirat JL, Virieux D. Functionalized Phosphanyl-Phosphonic Acids as Unusual Complexing Units as Analogues of Fosmidomycin. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Queffélec C, Petit M, Janvier P, Knight DA, Bujoli B. Surface modification using phosphonic acids and esters. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3777-807. [PMID: 22530923 DOI: 10.1021/cr2004212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Queffélec
- LUNAM Université, CNRS, UMR, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse Analyse Modélisation, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Nantes, France
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26
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Demmer CS, Krogsgaard-Larsen N, Bunch L. Review on modern advances of chemical methods for the introduction of a phosphonic acid group. Chem Rev 2011; 111:7981-8006. [PMID: 22010799 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Demmer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Petit C, Fécourt F, Montchamp JL. Synthesis of Disubstituted Phosphinates via Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of H-Phosphinic Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Hu Z, Lin GP, Chen L, Wang YZ. Flame retardation of glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 by combination of aluminum phenylphosphinate with melamine pyrophosphate. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Barney RJ, Richardson RM, Wiemer DF. Direct conversion of benzylic and allylic alcohols to phosphonates. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2875-9. [PMID: 21405073 DOI: 10.1021/jo200137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzyl phosphonate esters often serve as reagents in Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions. In most cases, they can be prepared from benzylic alcohols via formation of the corresponding halide followed by an Arbuzov reaction. To identify a more direct synthesis of phosphonate esters, we have developed a one-flask procedure for conversion of benzylic and allylic alcohols to the corresponding phosphonates through treatment with triethyl phosphite and ZnI(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocky J Barney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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30
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Recent Progress in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Addition Reactions of H–P(O) Compounds with Unsaturated Carbon Linkages. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2011_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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31
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Hotchkiss PJ, Malicki M, Giordano AJ, Armstrong NR, Marder SR. Characterization of phosphonic acid binding to zinc oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02829k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Kedrowski SMA, Dougherty DA. Room-temperature alternative to the Arbuzov reaction: the reductive deoxygenation of acyl phosphonates. Org Lett 2010; 12:3990-3. [PMID: 20726566 DOI: 10.1021/ol1015493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reductive deoxygenation of acyl phosphonates using a Wolff-Kishner-like sequence is described. This transformation allows direct access to alkyl phosphonates from acyl phosphonates at room temperature. The method can be combined with acyl phosphonate synthesis into a one pot, four-step procedure for the conversion of carboxylic acids into alkyl phosphonates. The methodology works well for a variety of aliphatic acids and shows a functional group tolerance similar to that of other hydrazone-forming reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M A Kedrowski
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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33
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Bravo-Altamirano K, Coudray L, Deal EL, Montchamp JL. Strategies for the asymmetric synthesis of H-phosphinate esters. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:5541-51. [PMID: 20978651 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00415d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Access to P-chiral H-phosphinates via desymmetrization of hypophosphite esters was investigated. The use of chiral auxiliaries, chiral catalysts, and of a bulky prochiral group that could lead to kinetic resolution was explored. A chiral NMR assay for enantiomeric excess determination of H-phosphinates was developed. An asymmetric route to C-chiral H-phosphinates is also examined and an assay was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, TCU Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
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34
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Synthesis of phosphonato esters involving heterocyclic biological bases in a highly diastereoselective and chemoselective route. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-010-0266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Ho CY, Chan CW, Wo SK, Zuo Z, Chan LY. Nitrile assisted, Brønsted acid catalyzed regio and stereoselective diarylphosphonylation of allyl silyl ethers. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3480-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c001660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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36
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Coudray L, Pennebaker AF, Montchamp JL. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of aspartate transcarbamoylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7680-9. [PMID: 19828320 PMCID: PMC2783949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and evaluation of a series of novel inhibitors of aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) are reported. Several submicromolar phosphorus-containing inhibitors are described, but all-carboxylate compounds are inactive. Compounds were synthesized to probe the postulated cyclic transition-state of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. In addition, the associated role of the protonation state at the phosphorus acid moiety was evaluated using phosphinic and carboxylic acids. Although none of the synthesized inhibitors is more potent than N-phosphonacetyl-l-aspartate (PALA), the compounds provide useful mechanistic information, as well as the basis for the design of future inhibitors and/or prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Anne F. Pennebaker
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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37
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Duraud A, Toffano M, Fiaud JC. Regioselective Metal-Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of Alkynes: Synthesis of Enantiopure α- or β-Substituted Vinylphosphane Oxides. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Coudray L, Montchamp JL. Temporary Protection of H-Phosphinic Acids as a Synthetic Strategy. European J Org Chem 2009; 2009:10.1002/ejoc.200900694. [PMID: 24273443 PMCID: PMC3836261 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
H-Phosphinates obtained through various methodologies are protected directly via reaction with triethyl orthoacetate. The resulting products can be manipulated easily, and various synthetic reactions are presented. For example, application to the synthesis of aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) or kynureninase inhibitors are illustrated. Other reactions, such as Sharpless' asymmetric dihydroxylation, or Grubbs' olefin cross-metathesis are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA. Phone: 1+(817) 257 6201, Fax: 1+(817) 257 5851
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA. Phone: 1+(817) 257 6201, Fax: 1+(817) 257 5851
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39
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Balaraman E, Srinivas V, Kumara Swamy K. Hydrophosphonylation of activated alkenes and alkynes via fluoride ion activation in ionic liquid medium. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Birkholz MN, Freixa Z, van Leeuwen PWNM. Bite angle effects of diphosphines in C–C and C–X bond forming cross coupling reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:1099-118. [PMID: 19421583 DOI: 10.1039/b806211k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy-Nicole Birkholz
- University of Amsterdam, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Belabassi Y, Alzghari S, Montchamp JL. Revisiting the Hirao Cross-coupling: Improved Synthesis of Aryl and Heteroaryl Phosphonates. J Organomet Chem 2008; 693:3171-3178. [PMID: 19156189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of dialkylphosphite with aromatic electrophiles (Hirao coupling) was re-investigated. Some limitations in terms of palladium loadings and substrate reactivity are alleviated with the use of Pd(OAc)(2) complexed to 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) as a ligand. Various aryl and heteroaryl halides are employed to deliver both known and novel substituted phosphonates. The first examples of aryl chloride couplings are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamina Belabassi
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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42
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Coudray L, Montchamp JL. Green, Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzylic H-phosphinates from Hypophosphorous Acid and Benzylic Alcohols. European J Org Chem 2008; 2008:4101-4103. [PMID: 23349619 PMCID: PMC3551600 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Benzylic alcohols cross-couple directly with concentrated H(3)PO(2) using Pd/xantphos (1 or 2 mol-%). Depending on the substrate, DMF at 110°C, or t-AmOH at reflux with a Dean-Stark trap, can be used. A broad range of benzylic alcohols reacted successfully in moderate to good yields. The preparation of other organophosphorus compounds (phosphinic and phosphonic acids) is also demonstrated.Asymmetric reaction with (R)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethanol provided the corresponding H-phosphinic acid in 77% ee. The methodology provides a green, PCl(3)-free, entry into benzylic-H-phosphinic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Box 298860, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA, Fax: :(+1)-817-257-5851
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Box 298860, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA, Fax: :(+1)-817-257-5851
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43
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Coudray L, Montchamp JL. Recent Developments in the Addition of Phosphinylidene-Containing Compounds to Unactivated Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Phosphorus-Carbon Bond-Formation via Hydrophosphinylation and Related Processes. European J Org Chem 2008; 2008:3601-3613. [PMID: 23308039 PMCID: PMC3539780 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of phosphinylidene-containing compounds with unactivated unsaturated hydrocarbons are reviewed. The review is organized by phosphorus-containing functional group types. Free-radical and metal-catalyzed additions of R(1)R(2)P(O)H to alkenes, alkynes, and related compounds, deliver functionalized organophosphorus compounds RP(O)R(1)R(2), including H-phosphinates, phosphinates, tertiary phosphine oxides, and phosphonates. The review covers the literature up to February 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129 (USA)
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129 (USA)
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44
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Coudray L, Bravo-Altamirano K, Montchamp JL. Allylic phosphinates via palladium-catalyzed allylation of H-phosphinic acids with allylic alcohols. Org Lett 2008; 10:1123-6. [PMID: 18288851 DOI: 10.1021/ol8000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel catalytic allylation of H-phosphinic acids is described. Using Pd/xantphos (2 mol %), H-phosphinic acids react directly with allylic alcohols to produce P-allylated disubstituted phosphinic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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