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Sanfilippo C, Cernuto F, Patti A. Expanding the Use of Peroxygenase from Oat Flour in Organic Synthesis: Enantioselective Oxidation of Sulfides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087464. [PMID: 37108626 PMCID: PMC10138840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocatalyzed oxidations are an important target in sustainable synthesis since chemical oxidations often require harsh conditions and metal-based catalysts. A raw peroxygenase-containing enzymatic preparation from oat flour was tested as a biocatalyst for the enantioselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and the variations of some reaction parameters were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, thioanisole was fully converted into the corresponding (R)-sulfoxide with high optical purity (80% ee) and the same stereopreference was maintained in the oxidation of some other sulfides. Changes in the substituent on the sulfur atom affected the selectivity of the enzyme and the best results were obtained with phenyl methoxymethyl sulfide, which gave the corresponding sulfoxide in 92% ee as exclusive product. The over-oxidation of sulfides to sulfones was instead detected in all the other cases and preferential oxidation of the (S)-enantiomer of the sulfoxide intermediate was observed, albeit with low selectivity. Carrying out the oxidation of thioanisole up to the 29% formation of sulfone led to enhancement of the sulfoxide optical purity (89% ee). The activity in sulfoxidation reactions, in addition to that reported in the epoxidation of different substrates, makes this plant peroxygenase a promising and useful tool in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Cernuto
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
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2
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Anselmi S, Carvalho ATP, Serrano-Sanchez A, Ortega-Roldan JL, Caswell J, Omar I, Perez-Ortiz G, Barry SM, Moody TS, Castagnolo D. Discovery and Rational Mutagenesis of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase Biocatalysts To Expand the Substrate Scope of the Kinetic Resolution of Chiral Sulfoxides. ACS Catal 2023; 13:4742-4751. [PMID: 37066047 PMCID: PMC10088026 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) enzymes have recently found applications as nonoxidative biocatalysts in the enantioselective kinetic resolution of racemic sulfoxides. This work describes the identification of selective and robust MsrA biocatalysts able to catalyze the enantioselective reduction of a variety of aromatic and aliphatic chiral sulfoxides at 8-64 mM concentration with high yields and excellent ees (up to 99%). Moreover, with the aim to expand the substrate scope of MsrA biocatalysts, a library of mutant enzymes has been designed via rational mutagenesis utilizing in silico docking, molecular dynamics, and structural nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. The mutant enzyme MsrA33 was found to catalyze the kinetic resolution of bulky sulfoxide substrates bearing non-methyl substituents on the sulfur atom with ees up to 99%, overcoming a significant limitation of the currently available MsrA biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anselmi
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
| | - Alexandra T. P. Carvalho
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
| | | | | | - Jill Caswell
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
| | - Iman Omar
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Gustavo Perez-Ortiz
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Sarah M. Barry
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
- Arran
Chemical Company Limited, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone,
Co., Roscommon N37 DN24, Ireland
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
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3
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Nasreen M, Nair RP, McEwan AG, Kappler U. The Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase (MsrAB) of Haemophilus influenzae Repairs Oxidatively Damaged Outer Membrane and Periplasmic Proteins Involved in Nutrient Acquisition and Virulence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081557. [PMID: 36009276 PMCID: PMC9404787 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfoxide-damage repair mechanisms are emerging as essential for the virulence of bacterial pathogens, and in the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae the periplasmic MsrAB peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase is necessary for resistance to reactive chlorine species such as hypochlorite. Additionally, this enzyme has a role in modulating the host immune response to infection. Here, we have analysed the enzymatic properties of MsrAB, which revealed that both domains of the protein are catalytically active, with the turnover number of the MsrA domain being 50% greater than that for the MsrB domain. MsrAB was active with small molecular sulfoxides as well as oxidised calmodulin, and maximal activity was observed at 30°C, a temperature close to that found in the natural niche of H. influenzae, the nasopharynx. Analyses of differential methionine oxidation identified 29 outer membrane and periplasmic proteins that are likely substrates for MsrAB. These included the LldD lactate dehydrogenase and the lipoprotein eP4 that is involved in NAD and hemin metabolism in H. influenzae. Subsequent experiments showed that H. influenzae MsrAB can repair oxidative damage to methionines in purified eP4 with up to 100% efficiency. Our work links MsrAB to the maintenance of different adhesins and essential metabolic processes in the H. influenzae, such as NAD metabolism and access to L-lactate, which is a key growth substrate for H. influenzae during infection.
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Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, List A, Winkler CK, Glueck SM, Kroutil W. Synthesis of Enantiopure Sulfoxides by Concurrent Photocatalytic Oxidation and Biocatalytic Reduction. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202117103. [PMID: 38505243 PMCID: PMC10946591 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The concurrent operation of chemical and biocatalytic reactions in one pot is still a challenging task, and, in particular for chemical photocatalysts, examples besides simple cofactor recycling systems are rare. However, especially due to the complementary chemistry that the two fields of catalysis promote, their combination in one pot has the potential to unlock intriguing, unprecedented overall reactivities. Herein we demonstrate a concurrent biocatalytic reduction and photocatalytic oxidation process. Specifically, the enantioselective biocatalytic sulfoxide reduction using (S)-selective methionine sulfoxide reductases was coupled to an unselective light-dependent sulfoxidation. Protochlorophyllide was established as a new green photocatalyst for the sulfoxidation. Overall, a cyclic deracemization process to produce nonracemic sulfoxides was achieved and the target compounds were obtained with excellent conversions (up to 91 %) and superb optical purity (>99 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Alexander List
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Christoph K. Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Silvia M. Glueck
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
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5
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Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, List A, Winkler CK, Glueck SM, Kroutil W. Synthesis of Enantiopure Sulfoxides by Concurrent Photocatalytic Oxidation and Biocatalytic Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117103. [PMID: 35188997 PMCID: PMC9310851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The concurrent operation of chemical and biocatalytic reactions in one pot is still a challenging task, and, in particular for chemical photocatalysts, examples besides simple cofactor recycling systems are rare. However, especially due to the complementary chemistry that the two fields of catalysis promote, their combination in one pot has the potential to unlock intriguing, unprecedented overall reactivities. Herein we demonstrate a concurrent biocatalytic reduction and photocatalytic oxidation process. Specifically, the enantioselective biocatalytic sulfoxide reduction using (S)‐selective methionine sulfoxide reductases was coupled to an unselective light‐dependent sulfoxidation. Protochlorophyllide was established as a new green photocatalyst for the sulfoxidation. Overall, a cyclic deracemization process to produce nonracemic sulfoxides was achieved and the target compounds were obtained with excellent conversions (up to 91 %) and superb optical purity (>99 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander List
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph K Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia M Glueck
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
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6
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Peng T, Cheng X, Chen Y, Yang J. Sulfoxide Reductases and Applications in Biocatalytic Preparation of Chiral Sulfoxides: A Mini-Review. Front Chem 2021; 9:714899. [PMID: 34490206 PMCID: PMC8417374 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.714899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral sulfoxides are valuable organosulfur compounds that have been widely used in medicinal and organic synthesis. Biocatalytic approaches for preparing chiral sulfoxides were developed in the past few years, mainly through asymmetric oxidation of prochiral sulfides. Recently, the application of sulfoxide reductase to prepare chiral sulfoxides through kinetic resolution has emerged as a new method, exhibiting extraordinary catalytic properties. This article reviews the chemical and biological functions of these sulfoxide reductases and highlights their applications in chiral sulfoxide preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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7
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Anselmi S, Aggarwal N, Moody TS, Castagnolo D. Unconventional Biocatalytic Approaches to the Synthesis of Chiral Sulfoxides. Chembiochem 2021; 22:298-307. [PMID: 32735057 PMCID: PMC7891444 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are a class of organic compounds that find wide application in medicinal and organic chemistry. Several biocatalytic approaches have been developed to synthesise enantioenriched sulfoxides, mainly by exploiting oxidative enzymes. Recently, the use of reductive enzymes such as Msr and Dms has emerged as a new, alternative method to obtain enantiopure sulfoxides from racemic mixtures. In parallel, novel oxidative approaches, employing nonclassical solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), have been developed as greener and more sustainable biocatalytic synthetic pathways. This minireview aims highlights the recent advances made in the biocatalytic synthesis of enantioenriched sulfoxides by employing such unconventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anselmi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Nandini Aggarwal
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Almac Sciences20 Seagoe Industrial EstateCraigavonBT63 5QDUK
- Arran Chemical Company LimitedUnit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co.RoscommonN37 DN24Ireland
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
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8
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Discovery and application of methionine sulfoxide reductase B for preparation of (S)-sulfoxides through kinetic resolution. CATAL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2019.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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9
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Yang J, Wen Y, Peng L, Chen Y, Cheng X, Chen Y. Identification of MsrA homologues for the preparation of (R)-sulfoxides at high substrate concentrations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3381-3388. [PMID: 30860233 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) homologue with extremely high substrate tolerance and a wide substrate scope for the biocatalytic preparation of enantiopure sulfoxides. This MsrA homologue which was obtained from Pseudomonas alcaliphila (named paMsrA) showed good activity and enantioselectivity towards a series of aryl methyl/ethyl sulfoxides 1a-1k, with electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituents at the aromatic ring. Chiral sulfoxides in the R configuration were prepared with approximately 50% of yield and up to 99% enantiomeric excess through the asymmetric reductive resolution of racemic sulfoxide catalyzed by the recombinant paMsrA protein. More importantly, kinetic resolution has been successfully accomplished with high enantioselectivity (E > 200) at initial substrate concentrations up to 320 mM (approximately 45 g L-1), which represents a great improvement in the aspect of the substrate concentration for the biocatalytic preparation of chiral sulfoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou province, P.R. China
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10
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A novel catalytic system poly(1-vinyl-3-dodecylimidazolium tribromide)/TBN for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides with air as oxidant. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Peng L, Wen Y, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Zhou Y, Cheng X, Chen Y, Yang J. Biocatalytic Preparation of Chiral Sulfoxides through Asymmetric Reductive Resolution by Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liaotian Peng
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yuanmei Wen
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Generic Drug Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering, Research Centre of Guizhou Province; School of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Zhimei Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Generic Drug Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering, Research Centre of Guizhou Province; School of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
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