1
|
Parabacteroides distasonis Properties Linked to the Selection of New Biotherapeutics. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194176. [PMID: 36235828 PMCID: PMC9572384 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiotic microbiota is often associated with health issues including inflammatory bowel disease or ulcerative colitis. In order to counterbalance host disorder caused by an alteration in the gut composition, numerous studies have focused on identifying new biotherapeutic products (NBPs). Among the promising NBPs is Parabacteroides distasonis, a gut microbiota member part of the core microbiome that recently has received much attention due to the numerous beneficial properties it brings to its host. In this study, the properties linked to the selection of NBPs were screened in 14 unrelated P. distasonis strains, including resistance to gastric conditions, adherence (Caco-2 model), transepithelial resistance (Caco-2 model), and immunomodulation, on nontreated and LPS-stimulated cells (HT-29 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)). This approach allowed for the identification of five strains that combined almost all the in vitro biotherapeutic properties tested. However, all the P. distasonis strains induced the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines on PBMCs, which was counteracted by the overproduction of the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Among these five strains, two particularly retained our attention as a potential NBP, by showing strong health-promoting function, the lowest overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines on PBMCs, and no detrimental effect on the host.
Collapse
|
2
|
The interplay between anticancer challenges and the microbial communities from the gut. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 41:691-711. [PMID: 35353280 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cancer being an increasing burden on human health, the use of anticancer drugs has risen over the last decades. The physiological effects of these drugs are not only perceived by the host's cells but also by the microbial cells it harbors as commensals, notably the gut microbiota. Since the early '50 s, the cytotoxicity of anticancer chemotherapy was evaluated on bacteria revealing some antimicrobial activities that result in an established perturbation of the gut microbiota. This perturbation can affect the host's health through dysbiosis, which can lead to multiple complications, but has also been shown to have a direct effect on the treatment efficiency.We, therefore, conducted a review of literature focusing on this triangular relationship involving the microbial communities from the gut, the host's disease, and the anticancer treatment. We focused specifically on the antimicrobial effects of anticancer chemotherapy, their impact on mutagenesis in bacteria, and the perspectives of using bacteria-based tools to help in the diagnostic and treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
3
|
Koosha RZ, Fazel P, Sedighian H, Behzadi E, Ch MH, Imani Fooladi AA. The impact of the gut microbiome on toxigenic bacteria. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105188. [PMID: 34530074 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Millions of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms known as microbiota colonize the host body. The microbiome plays an important role in human health and colonizes hundreds of different species of multicellular organisms so that they are introduced as the metaorganisms. Changes in the microbial population of the gut microbiome may cause resistance to pathogenic bacteria-induced infection. Understanding the principles of Host-Microbiota Interactions (HMIs) is important because it clarifies our insight towards the mechanisms of infections established in the host. Interactions between the host and the microbiota help answer the question of how a microorganism can contribute to the health or disease of the host. Microbiota can increase host resistance to colonization of pathogenic species. Studying the HMIs network can in several ways delineate the pathogenic mechanisms of pathogens and thereby help to increase useful and novel therapeutic pathways. For example, the potentially unique microbial effects that target the distinct host or interfere with the endogenous host interactions can be identified. In addition, the way mutations in essential proteins in the host and/or in the microbes can influence the interactions between them may be determined. Furthermore, HMIs help in identifying host cell regulatory modules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Zarei Koosha
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvindokht Fazel
- Department of Microbiology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Microbial Toxins Physiology Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tudela H, Claus SP, Saleh M. Next Generation Microbiome Research: Identification of Keystone Species in the Metabolic Regulation of Host-Gut Microbiota Interplay. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:719072. [PMID: 34540837 PMCID: PMC8440917 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.719072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The community of the diverse microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, known as the gut microbiota, is exceedingly being studied for its impact on health and disease. This community plays a major role in nutrient metabolism, maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier but also in local and systemic immunomodulation. A dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, characterized by an unbalanced microbial ecology, often leads to a loss of essential functions that may be associated with proinflammatory conditions. Specifically, some key microbes that are depleted in dysbiotic ecosystems, called keystone species, carry unique functions that are essential for the balance of the microbiota. In this review, we discuss current understanding of reported keystone species and their proposed functions in health. We also elaborate on current and future bioinformatics tools needed to identify missing functions in the gut carried by keystone species. We propose that the identification of such keystone species functions is a major step for the understanding of microbiome dynamics in disease and toward the development of microbiome-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Tudela
- YSOPIA Bioscience, Bordeaux, France
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Maya Saleh
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paquet JC, Claus SP, Cordaillat-Simmons M, Mazier W, Rawadi G, Rinaldi L, Elustondo F, Rouanet A. Entering First-in-Human Clinical Study With a Single-Strain Live Biotherapeutic Product: Input and Feedback Gained From the EMA and the FDA. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:716266. [PMID: 34458291 PMCID: PMC8385711 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.716266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, a plethora of novel therapies containing live microorganisms as active substance(s) has emerged with the aim to treat, prevent, or cure diseases in human beings. Both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and Health Care (EDQM) codified these biotherapies as Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs). While these innovative products offer healthcare opportunities, they also represent a challenge for developers who need to set the most suitable designs for non-clinical and clinical studies in order to demonstrate a positive benefit/risk ratio through relevant quality, safety, and efficacy data that are expected by the drug competent authorities. This article describes how YSOPIA Bioscience, supported by the Pharmabiotic Research Institute (PRI), addressed the regulatory challenges during the early development phase of their single-strain LBP, Xla1, in order to obtain the necessary authorizations to bring this drug to the clinical stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alice Rouanet
- Pharmabiotic Research Institute - PRI, Narbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Giraud J, Saleh M. Host-Microbiota Interactions in Liver Inflammation and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174342. [PMID: 34503151 PMCID: PMC8430654 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a difficult to treat liver cancer that generally arises in individuals suffering from alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Inflammation, tissue injury and fibrosis are important precursors of HCC. In this review, we explore the links between the microbiota, inflammation and carcinogenesis in the context of HCC. We discuss how the gut and liver communicate and how microbial molecules, including structural components and metabolites, elicit inflammation and tumorigenesis in the liver. A better understanding of microbiota-dependent mechanisms of liver cancer development might lead to novel microbial-based therapeutic approaches. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a classical inflammation-promoted cancer that occurs in a setting of liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or alcoholic liver disease (ALD). These pathologies share key characteristics, notably intestinal dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability and an imbalance in bile acids, choline, fatty acids and ethanol metabolites. Translocation of microbial- and danger-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs and DAMPs) from the gut to the liver elicits profound chronic inflammation, leading to severe hepatic injury and eventually HCC progression. In this review, we first describe how the gut and the liver communicate and discuss mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota elicit hepatic inflammation and HCC. We focus on the role of microbial products, e.g., MAMPs, host inflammatory effectors and host–microbiome-derived metabolites in tumor-promoting mechanisms, including cell death and senescence. Last, we explore the potential of harnessing the microbiota to treat liver diseases and HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Giraud
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS, UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Maya Saleh
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS, UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Introduction to host microbiome symbiosis in health and disease. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:547-554. [PMID: 33299088 PMCID: PMC7724625 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Humans share a core intestinal microbiome and yet human microbiome differs by genes, species, enterotypes (ecology), and gene count (microbial diversity). Achievement of microbiota metagenomic analysis has revealed that the microbiome gene count is a key stratifier of health in several immune disorders and clinical conditions. We review here the progress of the metagenomic pipeline analysis, and how this has allowed us to define the host-microbe symbiosis associated with a healthy status. The link between host-microbe symbiosis disruption, the so-called dysbiosis and chronic diseases or iatrogenic conditions is highlighted. Finally, opportunities to use microbiota modulation, with specific nutrients and/or live microbes, as a target for personalized nutrition and therapy for the maintenance, preservation, or restoration of host-microbe symbiosis are discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has rapidly grown in notoriety and popularity worldwide as a treatment for both recurrent and refractory C. difficile infection (CDI), as well as for a myriad of other indications, with varying levels of evidence to justify its use. At present, FMT use in the U.S. has not received marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but is permitted under "enforcement discretion" for CDI not responding to standard therapy. Meanwhile, the rising interest in the gut microbiome throughout mainstream media has paved the way for "do-it-yourself" (DIY) adaptations of the procedure. This access and unregulated use, often outside any clinical supervision, has quickly outpaced the medical community's research and regulatory efforts. While some studies have been able to demonstrate the success of FMT in treating conditions other than CDI-studies on ulcerative colitis have been particularly promising-little is still known about the treatmen's mechanism of action or long-term side effects. Likewise, screening of donor stool is in its early stages in terms of protocol standardization. In this paper, we explore the regulatory and ethical concerns that arise from the need to balance access to a nascent but promising innovative treatment with the need for research into its efficacy, risk profile, and long-term impact.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang J, Han C, Lu Z, Ge P, Cui Y, Zhao D, Yang X, Wu B, Qiang L, Zhang Y, Chai Q, Lei Z, Li L, Hua Liu C, Zhang L. Simulated microgravity suppresses MAPK pathway-mediated innate immune response to bacterial infection and induces gut microbiota dysbiosis. FASEB J 2020; 34:14631-14644. [PMID: 32918764 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001428r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During spaceflight, astronauts are subjected to various physical stressors including microgravity, which could cause immune dysfunction and thus potentially predispose astronauts to infections and illness. However, the mechanisms by which microgravity affects innate immunity remain largely unclear. In this study, we conducted RNA-sequencing analysis to show that simulated microgravity (SMG) suppresses the production of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as the activation of the innate immune signaling pathways including the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the Erk1/2 MAPK pathways in the Enteropathogenic escherichia coli (EPEC)-infected macrophage cells. We then adopted hindlimb-unloading (HU) mice, a model mimicking the microgravity of a spaceflight environment, to demonstrate that microgravity suppresses proinflammatory cytokine-mediated intestinal immunity to Citrobacter rodentium infection and induces the disturbance of gut microbiota, both of which phenotypes could be largely corrected by the introduction of VSL#3, a high-concentration probiotic preparation of eight live freeze-dried bacterial species. Taken together, our study provides new insights into microgravity-mediated innate immune suppression and intestinal microbiota disturbance, and suggests that probiotic VSL#3 has great potential as a dietary supplement in protecting individuals from spaceflight mission-associated infections and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Conghui Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pupu Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Qiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyao Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Redondo-Useros N, Nova E, González-Zancada N, Díaz LE, Gómez-Martínez S, Marcos A. Microbiota and Lifestyle: A Special Focus on Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1776. [PMID: 32549225 PMCID: PMC7353459 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that a good balance and healthy function for bacteria groups in the colon are necessary to maintain homeostasis and preserve health. However, the lack of consensus on what defines a healthy gut microbiota and the multitude of factors that influence human gut microbiota composition complicate the development of appropriate dietary recommendations for our gut microbiota. Furthermore, the varied response to the intake of probiotics and prebiotics observed in healthy adults suggests the existence of potential inter- and intra-individual factors, which might account for gut microbiota changes to a greater extent than diet. The changing dietary habits worldwide involving consumption of processed foods containing artificial ingredients, such as sweeteners; the coincident rise in emotional disorders; and the worsening of other lifestyle habits, such as smoking habits, drug consumption, and sleep, can together contribute to gut dysbiosis and health impairment, as well as the development of chronic diseases. This review summarizes the current literature on the effects of specific dietary ingredients (probiotics, prebiotics, alcohol, refined sugars and sweeteners, fats) in the gut microbiota of healthy adults and the potential inter- and intra-individual factors involved, as well as the influence of other potential lifestyle factors that are dramatically increasing nowadays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais, St.10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (E.N.); (N.G.-Z.); (L.E.D.); (S.G.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bourgin M, Labarthe S, Kriaa A, Lhomme M, Gérard P, Lesnik P, Laroche B, Maguin E, Rhimi M. Exploring the Bacterial Impact on Cholesterol Cycle: A Numerical Study. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1121. [PMID: 32587579 PMCID: PMC7298119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High blood cholesterol levels are often associated with cardiovascular diseases. Therapeutic strategies, targeting different functions involved in cholesterol transport or synthesis, were developed to control cholesterolemia in human. However, the gut microbiota is also involved in cholesterol regulation by direct biotransformation of luminal cholesterol or conversion of bile salts, opening the way to the design of new strategies to manage cholesterol level. In this report, we developed for the first time a whole-body human model of cholesterol metabolism including the gut microbiota in order to investigate the relative impact of host and microbial pathways. We first used an animal model to investigate the ingested cholesterol distribution in vivo. Then, using in vitro bacterial growth experiments and metabolite measurements, we modeled the population dynamics of bacterial strains in the presence of cholesterol or bile salts, together with their bioconversion function. Next, after correct rescaling to mimic the activity of a complex microbiota, we developed a whole body model of cholesterol metabolism integrating host and microbiota mechanisms. This global model was validated with the animal experiments. Finally, the model was numerically explored to give a further insight into the different flux involved in cholesterol turn-over. According to this model, bacterial pathways appear as an important driver of cholesterol regulation, reinforcing the need for development of novel "bacteria-based" strategies for cholesterol management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourgin
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Simon Labarthe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MaIAGE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aicha Kriaa
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie Lhomme
- INSERM, UMRS 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France.,ICANalytics, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (IHU-ICAN, ANR-10-IAHU-05), Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gérard
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- INSERM, UMRS 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The skin microbiome is rich in opportunities for novel therapeutics for skin diseases, and synthetic biology offers the advantage of providing novel functionality or therapeutic benefit to live biotherapeutic products. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of antibiotics or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance enables modulation of therapeutic exposure and improves safety. This study presents the design and in vitro evidence of a skin commensal whose growth can be controlled through d-alanine. The basis of this strain will support future clinical studies of this strain in humans. Using live microbes as therapeutic candidates is a strategy that has gained traction across multiple therapeutic areas. In the skin, commensal microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier function, homeostasis, and cutaneous immunity. Alterations of the homeostatic skin microbiome are associated with a number of skin diseases. Here, we present the design of an engineered commensal organism, Staphylococcus epidermidis, for use as a live biotherapeutic product (LBP) candidate for skin diseases. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of antibiotics or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance enables modulation of therapeutic exposure and improves safety. We therefore constructed an auxotrophic strain of S. epidermidis that requires exogenously supplied d-alanine. The S. epidermidis NRRL B-4268 Δalr1 Δalr2 Δdat strain (SEΔΔΔ) contains deletions of three biosynthetic genes: two alanine racemase genes, alr1 and alr2 (SE1674 and SE1079), and the d-alanine aminotransferase gene, dat (SE1423). These three deletions restricted growth in d-alanine-deficient medium, pooled human blood, and skin. In the presence of d-alanine, SEΔΔΔ colonized and increased expression of human β-defensin 2 in cultured human skin models in vitro. SEΔΔΔ showed a low propensity to revert to d-alanine prototrophy and did not form biofilms on plastic in vitro. These studies support the potential safety and utility of SEΔΔΔ as a live biotherapeutic strain whose growth can be controlled by d-alanine. IMPORTANCE The skin microbiome is rich in opportunities for novel therapeutics for skin diseases, and synthetic biology offers the advantage of providing novel functionality or therapeutic benefit to live biotherapeutic products. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of antibiotics or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance enables modulation of therapeutic exposure and improves safety. This study presents the design and in vitro evidence of a skin commensal whose growth can be controlled through d-alanine. The basis of this strain will support future clinical studies of this strain in humans.
Collapse
|
13
|
Alauzet C, Cunat L, Wack M, Lozniewski A, Busby H, Agrinier N, Cailliez-Grimal C, Frippiat JP. Hypergravity disrupts murine intestinal microbiota. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9410. [PMID: 31253829 PMCID: PMC6599200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During spaceflight, organisms are subjected to various physical stressors including modification of gravity (G) that, associated with lifestyle, could lead to impaired immunity, intestinal dysbiosis and thus potentially predispose astronauts to illness. Whether space travel affects microbiota homeostasis has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in intestinal microbiota and mucosa in a ground-based murine model consisting in a 21-days confinement of mice in a centrifuge running at 2 or 3G. Results revealed an increased α-diversity and a significant change in intracaecal β-diversity observed only at 3G, with profiles characterized by a decrease of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Compared to 1G microbiota, 12.1% of the taxa were significantly impacted in 3G microbiota, most of them (78%) being enriched. This study shows a G-level-dependent disruption of intracaecal microbiota, without alteration of mucosal integrity. These first data reinforce those recently obtained with in-flight experimentations or microgravity models, and emphasize the critical need for further studies exploring the impact of spaceflight on intestinal microbiota in order to optimize long-term space travel conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corentine Alauzet
- Université de Lorraine, SIMPA, F-54000, Nancy, France.
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Nancy, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- Université de Lorraine, SIMPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Maxime Wack
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Alain Lozniewski
- Université de Lorraine, SIMPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Nancy, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Busby
- Département d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Nancy, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nelly Agrinier
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Belguesmia Y, Alard J, Mendil R, Ravallec R, Grangette C, Drider D, Cudennec B. In vitro probiotic properties of selected lactobacilli and multi-strain consortium on immune function, gut barrier strengthening and gut hormone secretion. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
15
|
Lerner A, Shoenfeld Y, Matthias T. Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? Microorganisms 2019; 7:E104. [PMID: 30979072 PMCID: PMC6517882 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics per definition should have beneficial effects on human health, and their consumption has tremendously increased in the last decades. In parallel, the amount of published material and claims for their beneficial efficacy soared continuously. Recently, multiple systemic reviews, meta-analyses, and expert opinions expressed criticism on their claimed effects and safety. The present review describes the dark side of the probiotics, in terms of problematic research design, incomplete reporting, lack of transparency, and under-reported safety. Highlighted are the potential virulent factors and the mode of action in the intestinal lumen, risking the physiological microbiome equilibrium. Finally, regulatory topics are discussed to lighten the heterogeneous guidelines applied worldwide. The shift in the scientific world towards a better understanding of the human microbiome, before consumption of the probiotic cargo, is highly endorsed. It is hoped that better knowledge will extend the probiotic repertoire, re-confirm efficacy or safety, establish their efficacy and substantiate their beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Lerner
- B. Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
- AESKU.KIPP Institute, 55234 Wendelsheim, Germany.
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 5262000, Israel.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Faure D, Simon JC, Heulin T. Holobiont: a conceptual framework to explore the eco-evolutionary and functional implications of host-microbiota interactions in all ecosystems. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 218:1321-1324. [PMID: 29738088 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Faure
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91 190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Simon
- INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université Rennes 1, UMR 1349, IGEPP, Domaine de la Motte, B.P. 35327, F-35653, Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Heulin
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, Laboratory for Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere and Extreme Environment (LEMiRE), UMR7265 BVME, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lele V, Ruzauskas M, Zavistanaviciute P, Laurusiene R, Rimene G, Kiudulaite D, Tomkeviciute J, Nemeikstyte J, Stankevicius R, Bartkiene E. Development and characterization of the gummy–supplements, enriched with probiotics and prebiotics. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1433721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vita Lele
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Renata Laurusiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Rimene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Kiudulaite
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Justina Tomkeviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jovita Nemeikstyte
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Stankevicius
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kvan OV, Gavrish IA, Lebedev SV, Korotkova AM, Miroshnikova EP, Serdaeva VA, Bykov AV, Davydova NO. Effect of probiotics on the basis of Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacterium longum on the biochemical parameters of the animal organism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:2175-2183. [PMID: 29116533 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
For the purpose of safe modulation of the intestinal microflora, probiotics have been increasingly used in recent years. In the present work, the effect of the probiotic sporobacterin (Bacillus subtilis 534) (I group) and soybean-bifidum (Bifidobacterium longum) (II group) on male rats of the Wistar line was evaluated. In assessing nonspecific immunity in vitro, there was an increase in the level of baseline level in the first and second groups (by 8.3 and 12.2% more control). The influence of probiotic preparations on the intestinal normoflora was assessed using PCR. Bifidumbacterin increased the normal microflora, in particular, Escherichia coli 1.55 times, Lactobacillus 1.26 times, Enterococcus 1.3 times as much control; the level of conditionally pathogenic microflora, in particular, Proteus spp. decreased by 1.3 times in comparison with the control. Sporobacterin also contributed to an increase in the amount of E. coli (1.55 times) and Lactobacillus (0.9 times). When a culture of Bifidobacterium longum was introduced, a selective reduction in the loss of chemical elements was observed against the background of the diet used. At the end of the experiment, the content of calcium in the body tissues of animals of group II exceeded this indicator in group I by 3.9%, phosphorus by 17.6%, copper by 28.5%, and zinc by 15.2%. The totality of the results obtained by us indicates that inclusion of Bifidumbacterium longum in the diet of animals makes the use of this preparation in the correction of mineral imbalance and improves the microflora of the intestines of animals by reducing the number of representatives of opportunistic microflora against the background of an increase in the number of basic representatives of normal microbiocenosis. Also, the use of probiotic drugs as additives leads to a slight increase in the level of nonspecific immunity, which increases the natural resistance of the organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Svyatoslav Valeryevich Lebedev
- Orenburg State University, 13, Pobedy prospect, Orenburg, Russia, 460018
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle, 29, 9 Yanvarya street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000
| | - Anastasia Mickhailovna Korotkova
- Orenburg State University, 13, Pobedy prospect, Orenburg, Russia, 460018
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle, 29, 9 Yanvarya street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000
| | | | - Victoria Alekseevna Serdaeva
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle, 29, 9 Yanvarya street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lemoinne S, Marteau P. Gut microbial profile in primary biliary cholangitis: Towards bioindicators. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2017; 41:507-508. [PMID: 28797907 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lemoinne
- Sorbonne universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, 75012 Paris, France; UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, pathologies métaboliques, biliaires et fibro-inflammatoires du foie, Inserm-ERL 1157, CHU Saint-Antoine 27, 75012 Paris, France; UMR7203, 75012 Paris, France; Services d'hépatologie, de gastroentérologie et nutrition, hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Marteau
- Sorbonne universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, 75012 Paris, France; UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, pathologies métaboliques, biliaires et fibro-inflammatoires du foie, Inserm-ERL 1157, CHU Saint-Antoine 27, 75012 Paris, France; UMR7203, 75012 Paris, France; Services d'hépatologie, de gastroentérologie et nutrition, hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Donovan SM. Introduction to the special focus issue on the impact of diet on gut microbiota composition and function and future opportunities for nutritional modulation of the gut microbiome to improve human health. Gut Microbes 2017; 8:75-81. [PMID: 28282253 PMCID: PMC5390819 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1299309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, application of culture-independent, next generation DNA sequencing has dramatically enhanced our understanding of the composition of the gut microbiome and its association with human states of health and disease. Host genetics, age, and environmental factors such as where and who you live with, use of pre-, pro- and antibiotics, exercise and diet influence the short- and long-term composition of the microbiome. Dietary intake is a key determinant of microbiome composition and diversity and studies to date have linked long-term dietary patterns as well as short-term dietary interventions to the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome. The goal of this special focus issue was to review the role of diet in regulating the composition and function of the gut microbiota across the lifespan, from pregnancy to old age. Overall dietary patterns, as well as perturbations such as undernutrition and obesity, as well as the effects of dietary fiber/prebiotics and fat composition are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon M. Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL USA
| |
Collapse
|