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Al-Hadi MAA. Combination of stem cell-derived secretome from human exfoliated deciduous teeth with Yemeni Sidr honey on cell viability and migration: an in vitro study. BDJ Open 2024; 10:21. [PMID: 38480735 PMCID: PMC10937720 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone diseases have a profound global impact, especially when the body's innate regenerative capacity falls short in the face of extensive damage. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), discovered in 2003, offer a promising solution for tissue repair, as they self-renew naturally and are easily obtainable. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including SHEDs, are believed to promote tissue regeneration by releasing growth factors, collectively known as the secretome. AIMS This study explored the potential of combining SHED-derived secretome with Yemeni Sidr honey to improve osteoblast and fibroblast cell viability and migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment involved treating cell cultures of two types of rat cell lines - 7F2 osteoblast and BHK-21 fibroblast immortalized cells - with SHED-derived secretome and Yemeni Sidr honey. After the treatment, cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, which calculates OD at 590 nm. Additionally, the scratch assay was conducted to evaluate cell migration, and ImageJ software was used for data processing. RESULTS The findings indicated that combining SHED-derived secretome and Yemeni Sidr honey enhanced osteoblast and fibroblast cell viability and migration. Furthermore, the study highlighted the difference in the stimulative potential of SHED-derived secretome, Yemeni Sidr honey, and their combination, on the viability and migration of the cultured cells. CONCLUSION The research concludes that combining SHED-derived secretome with Yemeni Sidr honey has the potential to promote cell viability and migration in in-vitro settings. The synergistic application of these substances has been found to be more effective -when combined in a dose-dependent manner- than their counterparts. Overall, the current study serves as a foundation for further investigations to establish if the explored substance has any useful clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdulrahman Abdullah Al-Hadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
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Al-Sharabi N, Mohamed-Ahmed S, Shanbhag S, Kampleitner C, Elnour R, Yamada S, Rana N, Birkeland E, Tangl S, Gruber R, Mustafa K. Osteogenic human MSC-derived extracellular vesicles regulate MSC activity and osteogenic differentiation and promote bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:33. [PMID: 38321490 PMCID: PMC10848378 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the paracrine mechanisms of transplanted human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Little is known, however, about the influence of microenvironmental stimuli on the osteogenic effects of EVs. This study aimed to investigate the properties and functions of EVs derived from undifferentiated hMSC (Naïve-EVs) and hMSC during the early stage of osteogenesis (Osteo-EVs). A further aim was to assess the osteoinductive potential of Osteo-EVs for bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects. METHODS EVs from both groups were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography and characterized by size distribution, morphology, flow cytometry analysis and proteome profiling. The effects of EVs (10 µg/ml) on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of cultured hMSC were evaluated. Osteo-EVs (50 µg) or serum-free medium (SFM, control) were combined with collagen membrane scaffold (MEM) to repair critical-sized calvarial bone defects in male Lewis rats and the efficacy was assessed using µCT, histology and histomorphometry. RESULTS Although Osteo- and Naïve-EVs have similar characteristics, proteomic analysis revealed an enrichment of bone-related proteins in Osteo-EVs. Both groups enhance cultured hMSC proliferation and migration, but Osteo-EVs demonstrate greater efficacy in promoting in vitro osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by increased expression of osteogenesis-related genes, and higher calcium deposition. In rat calvarial defects, MEM with Osteo-EVs led to greater and more consistent bone regeneration than MEM loaded with SFM. CONCLUSIONS This study discloses differences in the protein profile and functional effects of EVs obtained from naïve hMSC and hMSC during the early stage of osteogenesis, using different methods. The significant protein profile and cellular function of EVs derived from hMSC during the early stage of osteogenesis were further verified by a calvarial bone defect model, emphasizing the importance of using differentiated MSC to produce EVs for bone therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Al-Sharabi
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Samih Mohamed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siddharth Shanbhag
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Carina Kampleitner
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rammah Elnour
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shuntaro Yamada
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Neha Rana
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Even Birkeland
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Tangl
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
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Wang H, Jiang HY, Zhang YX, Jin HY, Fei BY, Jiang JL. Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for perianal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:103. [PMID: 37101285 PMCID: PMC10134595 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perianal fistulas, characterised as granulomatous inflammation of fistulas around the anal canal, are associated with significant morbidity resulting in a negative impact on quality of life and a tremendous burden to the healthcare system. Treatment of anal fistulas usually consists of anal surgery; however, results of closure rates are not satisfactory especially with complex perianal fistulas, after which many patients may suffer from anal incontinence. Recently, the administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has shown promising efficacy. Herein, we aim to explore whether MSCs are effective for complex perianal fistulas and if they have either short-term, medium-term, long-term or over-long-term efficacy. Additionally, we want to elucidate whether factors such as drug dosage, MSC source, cell type, and disease aetiology influence treatment efficacy. We searched four online databases and analysed data based on information within the clinical trials registry. The outcomes of eligible trials were analysed with Review Manager 5.4.1. Relative risk and related 95% confidence interval were calculated to compare the effect between the MSCs and control groups. In addition, the Cochrane risk of bias tool was applied to evaluate the bias risk of eligible studies. Meta-analyses showed that therapy with MSCs was superior to conventional treatment for complex perianal fistulas in short-, long- and over-long-term follow-up phases. However, there was no statistical difference in treatment efficacy in the medium term between the two methods. Subgroup meta-analyses showed factors including cell type, cell source and cell dosage were superior compared to the control, but there was no significant difference between different experimental groups of those factors. Besides, local MSCs therapy has shown more promising results for fistulas as a result of Crohn's Disease (CD). Although we tend to maintain that MSCs therapy is effective for cryptoglandular fistulas equally, more studies are needed to confirm this conclusion in the future. SHORT CONCLUSION MSCs Transplantation could be a new therapeutic method for complex perianal fistulas of both cryptoglandular and CD origin showing high efficacy in the short-term to over-long-term phases, as well as high efficacy in sustained healing. The difference in cell types, cell sources and cell dosages did not influence MSCs' efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - H Y Jiang
- Life Spring AKY Pharmaceuticals, Changchun, China
| | - Y X Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - H Y Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - B Y Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - J L Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Zhang X, Zhao Q, Zhou N, Liu Y, Qin K, Buhl EM, Wang X, Hildebrand F, Balmayor ER, Greven J. Osteoblast derived extracellular vesicles induced by dexamethasone: A novel biomimetic tool for enhancing osteogenesis in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1160703. [PMID: 37020508 PMCID: PMC10069331 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1160703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly appreciated communicators involved in intercellular crosstalk, and have emerged as a promising biomimetic tool for bone tissue regeneration, overcoming many of the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. However, the significance of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles on osteogenesis has not been fully established. In this present study, we aim to investigate the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles secreted from consecutive 14 days of dexamethasone-stimulated osteoblasts (OB-EVDex) to act as a biomimetic tool for regulating osteogenesis, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. OB-EVdex treated groups are compared to the clinically used osteo-inductor of BMP-2 as control. Our findings revealed that OB-EVDex have a typical bilayer membrane nanostructure of, with an average diameter of 178 ± 21 nm, and that fluorescently labeled OB-EVDex were engulfed by osteoblasts in a time-dependent manner. The proliferation, attachment, and viability capacities of OB-EVDex-treated osteoblasts were significantly improved when compared to untreated cells, with the highest proliferative rate observed in the OB-EVDex + BMP-2 group. Notably, combinations of OB-EVDex and BMP-2 markedly promoted osteogenic differentiation by positively upregulating osteogenesis-related gene expression levels of RUNX2, BGLAP, SPP1, SPARC, Col 1A1, and ALPL relative to BMP-2 or OB-EVDex treatment alone. Mineralization assays also showed greater pro-osteogenic potency after combined applications of OB-EVDex and BMP-2, as evidenced by a notable increase in mineralized nodules (calcium deposition) revealed by Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin Red Alizarin Red staining (ARS), and von Kossa staining. Therefore, our findings shed light on the potential of OB-EVDex as a new therapeutic option for enhancing osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kang Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology and Medical Clinic II, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Greven
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Lau CS, Chua J, Pena EM, Lim J, Saigo L, Goh BT. A Porcine Model Using Adipose Stem Cell-Loaded Scaffolds for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:228-237. [PMID: 35442100 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss greatly affects a person's quality of life and many turn to dental implants to replace lost teeth. The success of a dental implant depends on the amount of alveolar bone supporting the implant, and thus, bone augmentation is often necessary to preserve or build up bone volume in the alveolar ridge. Bone can be augmented with autogenous bone, allografts, or xenografts, but the limitations of such natural bone grafts prompt researchers to develop synthetic scaffolds supplemented with cells and/or bioactive agents as alternative bone grafts. The translation of these combination scaffolds from the laboratory to the clinic requires reliable experimental models that can simulate the clinical conditions in human patients. In this article, we describe the use of a porcine alveolar defect model as a platform to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination of a three-dimensional-printed polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) scaffold and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in lateral alveolar augmentation. The surgical protocol for the defect creation and regenerative surgery, as well as analytical methods to determine the extent of tissue regeneration, are described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Sang Lau
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasper Chua
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edgar Macabe Pena
- SingHealth Experimental Medicine Centre and National Large Animal Research Facility, Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Lim
- Osteopore International Pte Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leonardo Saigo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Tin Goh
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Zhu M, Liu Y, Qin H, Tong S, Sun Q, Wang T, Zhang H, Cui M, Guo S. Osteogenically-induced exosomes stimulate osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:77-91. [PMID: 33216281 PMCID: PMC7864848 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes exhibit great therapeutic potential in bone tissue engineering. The study aimed to investigate whether the exosomes derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs-Exos) during different time-span of osteogenic differentiation could promote osteogenesis. The appropriate concentrations of hADSCs-Exos to enhance the proliferation, migration and osteogenesis of hADSCs-Exos were also examined. PKH67 labelled hADSCs-Exos was used to detect the internalization ability of hADSCs. The osteogenic differentiation abilities of hADSCs after treatment with hADSCs-Exos was evaluated by Alizarin red staining (ARS). The proliferation and migration of hADSCs was examined by cell counting kit-8 and wound healing assay, respectively. The expression of exosomal surface markers and osteoblast-related protein of hADSCs was assessed by Western blot. PKH67-labelled exosomes were internalized by hADSCs after 4 h incubation. ARS showed that the amount of mineralized nodules in Exo1−14d group was significantly higher than that in Exo15−28d group. hADSCs-Exos could promote the proliferation and migration capacity of hADSCs. Western blot analysis showed that after hADSCs-Exos treatment, ALP and RUNX2 were significantly enhanced. Specially, the Exo1−14d group of 15 μg/mL significantly upregulated the expression of RUNX2 than the other exosomes treated groups. Our findings suggest that exosomes secreted by hADSCs during osteogenic induction for 1–14 days could be efficiently internalized by hADSCs and could induce osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Moreover, administration of Exo1−14d at 15 μg/mL promoted the proliferation and migration of hADSCs. In conclusion, our research confirmed that comprised of hADSCs-Exos and hADSCs may provide a new therapeutic paradigm for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Zhu
- Department of plastic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hongzhi Qin
- Department of plastic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Shuang Tong
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Mengying Cui
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China.
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Benavides-Castellanos MP, Garzón-Orjuela N, Linero I. Effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium in bone regeneration in animal and human models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 9:5. [PMID: 32588230 PMCID: PMC7306835 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the limitations of current therapies for the reconstruction of bone defects, regenerative medicine has arisen as a new therapeutic strategy along with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which, because of their osteogenic potential and immunomodulatory properties, have emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of bone injuries. In vivo studies have demonstrated that MSCs have a positive effect on regeneration due to their secretion of cytokines and growth factors that, when collected in conditioned medium (MSC-CM) and applied to an injured tissue, can modulate and promote the formation of new tissue. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of application of conditioned medium derived from mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration in animal and human models. Methods We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search through February of 2018 using several electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL (Ovid), and LILACS), and we also used the “snowballing technique”. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected through abstract review and subsequent assessment of the full text. We assessed the risk of bias with the SYRCLE and Cochrane tools, and three meta-analyses were performed. Results We included 21 articles, 19 of which used animal models and 2 of which used human models. In animal models, the application of MSC-CM significantly increased the regeneration of bone defects in comparison with control groups. Human studies reported early mineralization in regenerated bones, and no bone resorption, inflammation, nor local or systemic alterations were observed in any case. The meta-analysis showed an overall favorable effect of the application of MSC-CM. Conclusions The application of MSC-CM to bone defects has a positive and favorable effect on the repair and regeneration of bone tissue, particularly in animal models. It is necessary to perform additional studies to support the application of MSC-CM in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathaly Garzón-Orjuela
- Research Group on Equity in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Itali Linero
- Research Group of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Research Group of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 210, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Probst FA, Fliefel R, Burian E, Probst M, Eddicks M, Cornelsen M, Riedl C, Seitz H, Aszódi A, Schieker M, Otto S. Bone regeneration of minipig mandibular defect by adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded tri-calcium phosphate- poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2062. [PMID: 32029875 PMCID: PMC7005305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of bone defects represents a serious issue for orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgeons, especially in extensive bone loss. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) with tri-calcium phosphates (TCP) are widely used for bone regeneration facilitating the formation of bone extracellular matrix to promote reparative osteogenesis. The present study assessed the potential of cell-scaffold constructs for the regeneration of extensive mandibular bone defects in a minipig model. Sixteen skeletally mature miniature pigs were divided into two groups: Control group and scaffolds seeded with osteogenic differentiated pADSCs (n = 8/group). TCP-PLGA scaffolds with or without cells were integrated in the mandibular critical size defects and fixed by titanium osteosynthesis plates. After 12 weeks, ADSCs seeded scaffolds (n = 7) demonstrated significantly higher bone volume (34.8% ± 4.80%) than scaffolds implanted without cells (n = 6, 22.4% ± 9.85%) in the micro-CT (p < 0.05). Moreover, an increased amount of osteocalcin deposition was found in the test group in comparison to the control group (27.98 ± 2.81% vs 17.10 ± 3.57%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, ADSCs seeding on ceramic/polymer scaffolds improves bone regeneration in large mandibular defects. However, further improvement with regard to the osteogenic capacity is necessary to transfer this concept into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Andreas Probst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80337, Germany.,Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Riham Fliefel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80337, Germany. .,Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21514, Egypt.
| | - Egon Burian
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Monika Probst
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Matthias Eddicks
- Clinic for Swine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Oberschleissheim, 85764, Germany
| | - Matthias Cornelsen
- Fluid Technology and Microfluidics, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Christina Riedl
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Hermann Seitz
- Fluid Technology and Microfluidics, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Attila Aszódi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Matthias Schieker
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Sven Otto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80337, Germany.,Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, each of which is important for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration and repair. Reconstruction and healing of bony defects remains a major clinical challenge. Even as surgical practices advance, some severe cases of bone loss do not yield optimal recovery results. New techniques involving implantation of stem cells and tissue-engineered scaffolds are being developed to help improve bone and cartilage repair. The invasiveness and low yield of harvesting MSCs from the bone marrow (BMSCs) has led to the investigation of alternatives, including adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). A review of the literature yielded several studies concerning the use of BMSCs and ASCs for the treatment of bone defects in both in vitro and in vivo models. Although both ASCs and BMSCs have demonstrated bone regenerative capabilities, BMSCs have outperformed ASCs in vitro. Despite these in vitro study findings, in vivo study results remain variable. Analysis of the literature seems to conclude there is no significant difference between bone regeneration using ASCs or BMSCs in vivo. Improved study design and standardization may enhance the application of these studies to patient care in the clinical setting.
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10
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Tiffany AS, Gray DL, Woods TJ, Subedi K, Harley BAC. The inclusion of zinc into mineralized collagen scaffolds for craniofacial bone repair applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:86-96. [PMID: 31121312 PMCID: PMC6615986 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Implant osteoinduction and subsequent osteogenic activity are critical events that need improvement for regenerative healing of large craniofacial bone defects. Here we describe the augmentation of the mineral content of a class of mineralized collagen scaffolds under development for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration via the inclusion of zinc ions to promote osteogenesis in vitro. Zinc is an essential trace element in skeletal tissue and bone, with soluble zinc being shown to promote osteogenic differentiation of porcine adipose derived stem cells. We report the development of a new class of zinc functionalized scaffolds fabricated by adding zinc sulfate to a mineralized collagen-glycosaminoglycan precursor suspension that was then freeze dried to form a porous biomaterial. We report analysis of zinc functionalized scaffolds via imaging (scanning electron microscopy), mechanical testing (compression), and compositional (X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) analyses. Notably, zinc-functionalized scaffolds display morphological changes to the mineral phase and altered elastic modulus without substantially altering the composition of the brushite phase or removing the micro-scale pore morphology of the scaffold. These scaffolds also display zinc release kinetics on the order of days to weeks and promote successful growth and pro-osteogenic capacity of porcine adipose derived stem cells cultured within these zinc scaffolds. Taken together, we believe that zinc functionalized scaffolds provide a unique platform to explore strategies to improve in vivo osteogenesis in craniomaxillofacial bone injuries models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Craniomaxillofacial bone defects that arise from traumatic, congenital, and post-oncologic origins cannot heal on their own and often require surgical intervention. We have developed a class of mineralized collagen scaffolds that promotes osteogenesis and bone regeneration. Here we describe the inclusion of zinc sulfate into the mineralized collagen scaffold to improve osteogenesis. Zinc functionalized scaffolds demonstrate altered crystallite microstructure but consistent Brushite chemistry, improved mechanics, and promote zinc transporter expression while supporting stem cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and mineral biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleczandria S Tiffany
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Danielle L Gray
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Toby J Woods
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Kiran Subedi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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11
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Vertical Bone Construction with Bone Marrow-Derived and Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to conduct a histomorphometric analysis of bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue-derived stem cells, associated with a xenograft block, in vertical bone constructions in rabbit calvaria. Ten rabbits received two xenograft blocks on the calvaria, after decortication of the parietal bone. The blocks were fixed with titanium screws. The blocks were combined with the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) group (right side of the calvaria) or with the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the adipose tissue stem cell (ATSC) group (left side of the calvaria). After 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and their parietal bones were fixed in 10% formalin for the histomorphometric analysis. The following parameters were evaluated—newly formed bone (NFB), xenogeneic residual particles (XRP), and non-mineralized tissue (NMT). The histomorphometric analysis revealed 11.9 ± 7.5% and 7.6 ± 5.6% for NFB, 22.14 ± 8.5% and 21.6 ± 8.5% for XRP, and 65.8 ± 10.4% and 70.8 ± 7.4% for NMT in groups BMSC and ATSC, respectively, with statistically significant differences in the NFB and the NMT between the groups, but no differences in the XRP. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bone marrow-derived stem cells seem to have more potential for the bone formation than do the adipose tissue-derived stem cells when used in combination with the xenogenous blocks in the vertical bone construction.
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12
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Dziedzic DSM, Mogharbel BF, Ferreira PE, Irioda AC, de Carvalho KAT. Transplantation of Adipose-derived Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:504-518. [PMID: 30394216 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666181105144430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the transplantation of cells derived from adipose tissue for applications in dentistry. SCOPUS, PUBMED and LILACS databases were searched for in vitro studies and pre-clinical animal model studies using the keywords "ADIPOSE", "CELLS", and "PERIODONTAL", with the Boolean operator "AND". A total of 160 titles and abstracts were identified, and 29 publications met the inclusion criteria, 14 in vitro and 15 in vivo studies. In vitro studies demonstrated that adipose- derived cells stimulate neovascularization, have osteogenic and odontogenic potential; besides adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on probable cell carriers. Preclinical studies described improvement of bone and periodontal healing with the association of adipose-derived cells and the carrier materials tested: Platelet Rich Plasma, Fibrin, Collagen and Synthetic polymer. There is evidence from the current in vitro and in vivo data indicating that adipose-derived cells may contribute to bone and periodontal regeneration. The small quantity of studies and the large variation on study designs, from animal models, cell sources and defect morphology, did not favor a meta-analysis. Additional studies need to be conducted to investigate the regeneration variability and the mechanisms of cell participation in the processes. An overview of animal models, cell sources, and scaffolds, as well as new perspectives are provided for future bone and periodontal regeneration study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
- Dentistry Faculty, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Priscila Elias Ferreira
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
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13
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Wu R, Ruan J, Sun Y, Liu M, Sha Z, Fan C, Wu Q. Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 facilitates adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) osteogenic differentiation through miR-665/IL6 axis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:348. [PMID: 30545407 PMCID: PMC6293597 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was aimed to investigate the role and specific molecular mechanism of HIF1A-AS2/miR-665/IL6 axis in regulating osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Methods RNAs’ expression profile in normal/osteogenic differentiation-induced ASCs (osteogenic group) was from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The analysis was carried out using Bioconductor of R. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes dataset were applied to identify up- and downregulated signaling pathways. Co-expression network of specific lncRNAs and mRNAs was structured by Cytoscape, while binding sites amongst lncRNA, mRNA, and miRNA were predicted by TargetScan and miRanda. ASCs were derived from human adipose tissue and were authenticated by flow cytometry. ASC cell function was surveyed by alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Molecular mechanism of HIF1A-AS2/miR-665/IL6 axis was investigated by RNAi, cell transfection, western blot, and qRT-PCR. RNA target relationships were validated by dual-luciferase assay. Results HIF1A-AS2 and IL6 were highly expressed while miR-665 was lowly expressed in induced ASCs. HIF1A-AS2 and IL6 improved the expression level of osteoblast markers Runx2, Osterix, and Osteocalcin and also accelerated the formation of calcium nodule and ALP activity, yet miR-665 had opposite effects. HIF1A-AS2 directly targeted miR-665, whereas miR-665 repressed IL6 expression. Moreover, the HIF1A-AS2/miR-665/IL6 regulating axis activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions LncRNA HIF1A-AS2 could sponge miR-665 and hence upregulate IL6, activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and ultimately promote ASC osteogenic differentiation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1082-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jihao Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yongjin Sun
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhuang Sha
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Qingkai Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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14
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Kustro T, Kiss T, Chernohorskyi D, Chepurnyi Y, Helyes Z, Kopchak A. Quantification of the mandibular defect healing by micro-CT morphometric analysis in rats. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:2203-2213. [PMID: 30343871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was the evaluation of the bone tissue structural characteristics over the time course of mandibular defect healing using micro-CT technique, as well as determination of the inter-relationships between different micro-CT parameters used for assessment of the bone regeneration process and the patterns of their dynamic changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The body and ramus of the mandible was exposed in 24 Wistar rats. A 2-mm full thickness bony defect was created. Animals were randomized into four groups, which were ended 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks after operation. The mandible was excised and underwent micro-CT analysis. For statistical evaluation, the Mann-Whitney U test, polynomial or exponential regression and Spearman analysis were applied. RESULTS The absolute volume of the bone regenerate increased from 1.69 ± 0.53 mm3 (3 weeks) to 3.36 mm3 ± 0.56 (6 months), as well as percentage of bone volume, increased significantly from 12.5 ± 2.3% at the 3-week term to 26.4 ± 8.7% at the 3-month term or 23.1 ± 8.7% at the 6-month term. Structural (trabecular) thickness gradually increased from 0.13 ± 0.007 mm at the 3-week term to 0.3 ± 0.11 mm at the 6-month term. The structural model index was 0.79 ± 0.46 in the early phase after trauma and then decreased to negative values. CONCLUSION The bone regeneration process was characterized by a significant increase (p < 0.05) in bone volume, percentage of bone volume, structural thickness and bone mineral density, and a decrease in bone surface-to-volume ratio and volume of pore space from the 3-week term to the 6-month term. These changes can be mathematically described by nonlinear exponential regression models.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kustro
- Department of Stomatology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 13, T. Shevchenko blvd, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - T Kiss
- János Szentágothai Research Centre & Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - D Chernohorskyi
- Department of Stomatology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 13, T. Shevchenko blvd, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Y Chepurnyi
- Department of Stomatology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 13, T. Shevchenko blvd, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Z Helyes
- János Szentágothai Research Centre & Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary; PharmInVivo Ltd., Szondi Gy. u. 7, H-7629, Pécs, Hungary
| | - A Kopchak
- Department of Stomatology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 13, T. Shevchenko blvd, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
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15
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Weisgerber DW, Milner DJ, Lopez-Lake H, Rubessa M, Lotti S, Polkoff K, Hortensius RA, Flanagan CL, Hollister SJ, Wheeler MB, Harley BAC. A Mineralized Collagen-Polycaprolactone Composite Promotes Healing of a Porcine Mandibular Defect. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:943-954. [PMID: 29264958 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A tissue engineering approach to address craniofacial defects requires a biomaterial that balances macro-scale mechanical stiffness and strength with the micron-scale features that promote cell expansion and tissue biosynthesis. Such criteria are often in opposition, leading to suboptimal mechanical competence or bioactivity. We report the use of a multiscale composite biomaterial that integrates a polycaprolactone (PCL) reinforcement structure with a mineralized collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold to circumvent conventional tradeoffs between mechanics and bioactivity. The composite promotes activation of the canonical bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) pathway and subsequent mineralization of adipose-derived stem cells in the absence of supplemental BMP-2 or osteogenic media. We subsequently examined new bone infill in the acellular composite, scaffold alone, or PCL support in 10 mm dia. ramus mandibular defects in Yorkshire pigs. We report an analytical approach to quantify radial, angular, and depth bone infill from micro-computed tomography data. The collagen-PCL composite showed improved overall infill, and significantly increased radial and angular bone infill versus the PCL cage alone. Bone infill was further enhanced in the composite for defects that penetrated the medullary cavity, suggesting recruitment of marrow-derived cells. These results indicate a multiscale mineralized collagen-PCL composite offers strategic advantages for regenerative repair of craniofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Weisgerber
- 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Derek J Milner
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Heather Lopez-Lake
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Marcello Rubessa
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sammi Lotti
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kathryn Polkoff
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Rebecca A Hortensius
- 4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Colleen L Flanagan
- 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott J Hollister
- 6 Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- 3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,7 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
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16
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Milner DJ, Bionaz M, Monaco E, Cameron JA, Wheeler MB. Myogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from porcine adipose tissue. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:507-522. [PMID: 29318389 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Advances in stem cell biology and materials science have provided a basis for developing tissue engineering methods to repair muscle injury. Among stem cell populations with potential to aid muscle repair, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) hold great promise. To evaluate the possibility of using porcine ASC for muscle regeneration studies, we co-cultured porcine ASC with murine C2C12 myoblasts. These experiments demonstrated that porcine ASC display significant myogenic potential. Co-culture of ASC expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) with C2C12 cells resulted in GFP+ myotube formation, indicating fusion of ASC with myoblasts to form myotubes. The presence of porcine lamin A/C positive nuclei in myotubes and RTqPCR analysis of porcine myogenin and desmin expression confirmed that myotube nuclei derived from ASC contribute to muscle gene expression. Co-culturing GFP+ASC with porcine satellite cells demonstrated enhanced myogenic capability of ASC, as the percentage of labeled myotubes increased compared to mouse co-cultures. Enhancing myogenic potential of ASC through soluble factor treatment or expansion of ASC with innate myogenic capacity should allow for their therapeutic use to regenerate muscle tissue lost to disease or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Milner
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Elisa Monaco
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jo Ann Cameron
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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17
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Guo L, Min S, Su Y, Tang J, Du J, Goh BT, Saigo L, Wang S, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A, Zadeh HH, Liu Y. Collagen sponge functionalized with chimeric anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibody mediates repair of nonunion tibia defects in a nonhuman primate model: An exploratory study. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:425-432. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328217733262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Guo
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Seiko Min
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxia Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bee Tin Goh
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre, Singapore
| | - Leonardo Saigo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre, Singapore
| | - Songlin Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Homayoun H Zadeh
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Ansari S, Chen C, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Yu B, Zadeh HH, Wu BM, Moshaverinia A. Hydrogel elasticity and microarchitecture regulate dental-derived mesenchymal stem cell-host immune system cross-talk. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:181-189. [PMID: 28711686 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The host immune system (T-lymphocytes and their pro-inflammatory cytokines) has been shown to compromise bone regeneration ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We have recently shown that hydrogel, used as an encapsulating biomaterial affects the cross-talk among host immune cells and MSCs. However, the role of hydrogel elasticity and porosity in regulation of cross-talk between dental-derived MSCs and immune cells is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the modulus of elasticity and porosity of the scaffold influence T-lymphocyte-dental MSC interplay by regulating the penetration of inflammatory T cells and their cytokines. Moreover, we demonstrated that alginate hydrogels with different elasticity and microporous structure can regulate the viability and determine the fate of the encapsulated MSCs through modulation of NF-kB pathway. Our in vivo data show that alginate hydrogels with smaller pores and higher elasticity could prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MSC apoptosis by down-regulating the Caspase-3- and 8- associated proapoptotic cascades, leading to higher amounts of ectopic bone regeneration. Additionally, dental-derived MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel with higher elasticity exhibited lower expression levels of NF-kB p65 and Cox-2 in vivo. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the mechanical characteristics and microarchitecture of the microenvironment encapsulating MSCs, in addition to presence of T-lymphocytes and their pro-inflammatory cytokines, affect the fate of encapsulated dental-derived MSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we demonstrate that alginate hydrogel regulates the viability and the fate of the encapsulated dental-derived MSCs through modulation of NF-kB pathway. Alginate hydrogels with smaller pores and higher elasticity prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MSC apoptosis by down-regulating the Caspase-3- and 8- associated proapoptotic cascade, leading to higher amounts of ectopic bone regeneration. MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel with higher elasticity exhibited lower expression levels of NF-kB p65 and Cox-2 in vivo. These findings confirm that the fate of encapsulated MSCs are affected by the stiffness and microarchitecture of the encapsulating hydrogel biomaterial, as well as presence of T-lymphocytes/pro-inflammatory cytokines providing evidence concerning material science, stem cell biology, the molecular mechanism of dental-derived MSC-associated therapies, and the potential clinical therapeutic impact of MSCs.
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19
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Zhang L, Zhou Y, Sun X, Zhou J, Yang P. CXCL12 overexpression promotes the angiogenesis potential of periodontal ligament stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10286. [PMID: 28860570 PMCID: PMC5579269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a major source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adults and are effective for tissue engineering, like promoting angiogenesis and bone regeneration. CXCL12 has been reported to be involved in the recruitment and engraftment of MSCs in wound sites. However, whether CXCL12 potentiates the angiogenesis of PDLSCs is not clear. In this experiment, we transduced PDLSCs with CXCL12, and evaluated the angiogenesis potential of CXCL12-modified PDLSCs through in vitro and in vivo studies. The results showed that CXCL12 overexpression significantly stimulated the gene and protein expressions of bFGF, VEGF, SCF and PLGF in PDLSCs; CXCL12 gene modified PDLSCs formed longer capillary‐like structure; Moreover, in vivo transplanted PDLSCs transduced with CXCL12 could significantly promote bone tissue repair and angiogenesis in a rat critical-sized calvarial bone defect model. Taken together, our study confirmed that CXCL12 can enhance the angiogenesis potential of PDLSCs, which are crucial in the repair and regeneration of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.,Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pishan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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20
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Arrizabalaga JH, Nollert MU. Properties of porcine adipose-derived stem cells and their applications in preclinical models. Adipocyte 2017; 6:217-223. [PMID: 28410000 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2017.1312040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells represent a reliable adult stem cell source thanks to their abundance, straightforward isolation, and broad differentiation abilities. Consequently, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have been used in vitro for several innovative cellular therapy and regenerative medicine applications. However, the translation of a novel technology from the laboratory to the clinic requires first to evaluate its safety, feasibility, and potential efficacy through preclinical studies in animals. The anatomy and physiology of pigs and humans are very similar, establishing pigs as an attractive and popular large animal model for preclinical studies. Knowledge of the properties of porcine adipose-derived stem cells (pASCs) used in preclinical studies is critical for their success. While hASCs have been extensively studied this past decade, only a handful of reports relate to pASCs. The aim of this concise review is to summarize the current findings about the isolation of pASCs, their culture, proliferation, and immunophenotype. The differentiation abilities of pASCs and their applications in porcine preclinical models will also be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias U. Nollert
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- School of Chemical, Biological & Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Preparation and characterization of amine functional nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan bionanocomposite for bone tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:200-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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22
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Ansari S, Seagroves JT, Chen C, Shah K, Aghaloo T, Wu BM, Bencharit S, Moshaverinia A. Dental and orofacial mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial regeneration: The prosthodontist's point of view. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:455-461. [PMID: 28385446 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Of the available regenerative treatment options, craniofacial tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows promise. The ability of stem cells to produce multiple specialized cell types along with their extensive distribution in many adult tissues have made them an attractive target for applications in tissue engineering. MSCs reside in a wide spectrum of postnatal tissue types and have been successfully isolated from orofacial tissues. These dental- or orofacial-derived MSCs possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities. The craniofacial system is composed of complex hard and soft tissues derived from sophisticated processes starting with embryonic development. Because of the complexity of the craniofacial tissues, the application of stem cells presents challenges in terms of the size, shape, and form of the engineered structures, the specialized final developed cells, and the modulation of timely blood supply while limiting inflammatory and immunological responses. The cell delivery vehicle has an important role in the in vivo performance of stem cells and could dictate the success of the regenerative therapy. Among the available hydrogel biomaterials for cell encapsulation, alginate-based hydrogels have shown promising results in biomedical applications. Alginate scaffolds encapsulating MSCs can provide a suitable microenvironment for cell viability and differentiation for tissue regeneration applications. This review aims to summarize current applications of dental-derived stem cell therapy and highlight the use of alginate-based hydrogels for applications in craniofacial tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ansari
- Lecturer, Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jackson T Seagroves
- Student, Department of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Chider Chen
- Postdoctoral research fellow, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kumar Shah
- Associate Professor and Program Director, Graduate Program in Prosthodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Tara Aghaloo
- Professor, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics and Director, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Professor and Chair, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics and Director, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Sompop Bencharit
- Associate Professor and Director, Digital Dentistry Technologies, Department of General Practice and Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Assistant Professor, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
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Collagen Sponge Functionalized with Chimeric Anti-BMP-2 Monoclonal Antibody Mediates Repair of Critical-Size Mandibular Continuity Defects in a Nonhuman Primate Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8094152. [PMID: 28401163 PMCID: PMC5376406 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8094152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-mediated osseous regeneration (AMOR) has been introduced by our research group as a tissue engineering approach to capture of endogenous growth factors through the application of specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) immobilized on a scaffold. Specifically, anti-Bone Morphogenetic Protein- (BMP-) 2 mAbs have been demonstrated to be efficacious in mediating bone repair in a number of bone defects. The present study sought to investigate the application of AMOR for repair of mandibular continuity defect in nonhuman primates. Critical-sized mandibular continuity defects were created in Macaca fascicularis locally implanted with absorbable collagen sponges (ACS) functionalized with chimeric anti-BMP-2 mAb or isotype control mAb. 2D and 3D analysis of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging demonstrated increased bone density and volume observed within mandibular continuity defects implanted with collagen scaffolds functionalized with anti-BMP-2 mAb, compared with isotype-matched control mAb. Both CBCT imaging and histologic examination demonstrated de novo bone formation that was in direct apposition to the margins of the resected bone. It is hypothesized that bone injury may be necessary for AMOR. This is evidenced by de novo bone formation adjacent to resected bone margins, which may be the source of endogenous BMPs captured by anti-BMP-2 mAb, in turn mediating bone repair.
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Rubessa M, Polkoff K, Bionaz M, Monaco E, Milner DJ, Holllister SJ, Goldwasser MS, Wheeler MB. Use of Pig as a Model for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Bone Regeneration. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 28:275-287. [PMID: 28267421 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1279169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a plastic tissue with a large healing capability. However, extensive bone loss due to disease or trauma requires extreme therapy such as bone grafting or tissue-engineering applications. Presently, bone grafting is the gold standard for bone repair, but presents serious limitations including donor site morbidity, rejection, and limited tissue regeneration. The use of stem cells appears to be a means to overcome such limitations. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have been the choice thus far for stem cell therapy for bone regeneration. However, adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) have similar immunophenotype, morphology, multilineage potential, and transcriptome compared to BMSC, and both types have demonstrated extensive osteogenic capacity both in vitro and in vivo in several species. The use of scaffolds in combination with stem cells and growth factors provides a valuable tool for guided bone regeneration, especially for complex anatomic defects. Before translation to human medicine, regenerative strategies must be developed in animal models to improve effectiveness and efficiency. The pig presents as a useful model due to similar macro- and microanatomy and favorable logistics of use. This review examines data that provides strong support for the clinical translation of the pig model for bone regeneration.
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Key Words
- ASC, adipose-derived stem cells
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- BMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- Bone
- DEG, differentially expressed genes
- FDR, false-discovery rate
- HA, hydroxyapatite
- HA/TCP, hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- ONFH, osteonecrosis of the femoral head
- PCL, Poly (ϵ-caprolactone)
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PLGA, polylactic-coglycolic acid
- TCP, beta tri-calcium phosphate
- USSC, unrestricted somatic stem cell
- scaffolds
- stem cells
- swine
- tissue engineering
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Rubessa
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | - Kathryn Polkoff
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | | | - Elisa Monaco
- b Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon , USA
| | - Derek J Milner
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | | | - Michael S Goldwasser
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA.,d New Hanover Regional Medical Center , Wilmington , North Carolina , USA
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
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Effect of hypoxia on the proliferation of porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in 2- and 3-dimensional culture. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 45:414-419. [PMID: 28110999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) currently represent a promising tool for the regeneration of large bony defects. Therefore, it is pivotal to find the best cell source within the body and the best conditions for in vitro cellular expansion. This study compared cellular response of MSCs and ASCs from a porcine animal in normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (2% O2) cell culture conditions via 2D and 3D experimental settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of constant exposure to hypoxia on primary pig stem cells was evaluated by two methods. First, a cumulative population doublings (cumPD) over a period of 40 days, a metabolic activity assay in both 2D and 3D beta-TCP-PHB scaffolds, followed by analysis of osteogenic differentiation potential in cell monolayers. RESULTS Our results displayed enhanced cell culture proliferation in 2% O2 for both MSCs and ASCs, with impaired osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The impact of constant hypoxia on porcine MSCs and ASCs exhibited a statistically significant decrease in osteogenic differentiation under hypoxic conditions with the MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MSCs and ASCs expanded in hypoxic culture conditions, might be more suitable for use in the clinical setting where large cell numbers are required. When differentiated in normoxic conditions, MSCs showed the highest osteogenic differentiation potential and might be the best choice of cells with consideration to bone repair.
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Peptide-incorporated 3D porous alginate scaffolds with enhanced osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 143:243-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Marycz K, Pazik R, Zawisza K, Wiglusz K, Maredziak M, Sobierajska P, Wiglusz RJ. Multifunctional nanocrystalline calcium phosphates loaded with Tetracycline antibiotic combined with human adipose derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (hASCs). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:17-26. [PMID: 27612684 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoconductive drug delivery system composed of nanocrystalline calcium phosphates (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2/β-Ca3(PO4)2) co-doped with Yb(3+)/Er(3+) ions loaded with Tetracycline antibiotic (TC) was developed. Their effect on human adipose derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (hASCs) as a potential reconstructive biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration was studied. The XRD and TEM measurements were used in order to determine the crystal structure and morphology of the final products. The characteristics of nanocomposites with the TC and hASCs as potential regenerative materials as well as the antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles against: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 as a model of the Gram-positive bacteria, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 of the Gram-negative bacteria, were shown. These combinations can be a promising material for theranostic due to its regenerative, antimicrobial and fluorescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Marycz
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Kozuchowska 5b, 50-631 Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, Stablowicka 147, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - R Pazik
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Zawisza
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Wiglusz
- Wroclaw Medical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Borowska 211 A, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Maredziak
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - P Sobierajska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - R J Wiglusz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Qi X, Zhang J, Yuan H, Xu Z, Li Q, Niu X, Hu B, Wang Y, Li X. Exosomes Secreted by Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Repair Critical-Sized Bone Defects through Enhanced Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis in Osteoporotic Rats. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:836-49. [PMID: 27313497 PMCID: PMC4910602 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma, severe infection, tumor resection and skeletal abnormalities are common osteoporotic conditions and major challenges in orthopedic surgery, and there is still no effective solution to this problem. Consequently, new treatments are needed to develop regeneration procedures without side effects. Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs, hiPSC-MSC-Exos) incorporate the advantages of both MSCs and iPSCs with no immunogenicity. However, there are no reports on the application of hiPSC-MSC-Exos to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis under osteoporotic conditions. HiPSC-MSC-Exos were isolated and identified before use. The effect of hiPSC-MSC-Exos on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs derived from ovariectomized (OVX) rats (rBMSCs-OVX) in vitro were investigated. In vivo, hiPSC-MSC-Exos were implanted into critical size bone defects in ovariectomized rats, and bone regeneration and angiogenesis were examined by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), sequential fluorescent labeling analysis, microfil perfusion and histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The results in vitro showed that hiPSC-MSC-Exos enhanced cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of osteoblast-related genes in rBMSCs-OVX. In vivo experiments revealed that hiPSC-MSC-Exos dramatically stimulated bone regeneration and angiogenesis in critical-sized calvarial defects in ovariectomized rats. The effect of hiPSC-MSC-Exos increased with increasing concentration. In this study, we showed that hiPSC-MSC-Exos effectively stimulate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs-OVX, with the effect increasing with increasing exosome concentration. Further analysis demonstrated that the application of hiPSC-MSC-Exos+β-TCP scaffolds promoted bone regeneration in critical-sized calvarial defects by enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis in an ovariectomized rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyuan Zhang
- 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.; 2. Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- 3. Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengliang Xu
- 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- 2. Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Niu
- 2. Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hu
- 2. Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- 2. Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Vachkova E, Bosnakovski D, Yonkova P, Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Todorov P, Penchev G, Milanova A, Simeonova G, Stanilova S, Georgiev IP. Adipogenic potential of stem cells derived from rabbit subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:829-37. [PMID: 27173612 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rabbits are considered as appropriate animal models to study some obesity-associated abnormalities because of the similarity of their blood lipid profile and metabolism to humans. The current study was focused on comparison of adipose differentiation ability in rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in vitro. Subcutaneous and visceral stromal vascular fractions (SVF) were isolated from three 28-d-old New Zealand rabbits by collagenase digestion. Supernatants from both isolates were collected 24 h after the initial plating. On the fourth passage, all isolated cell types undergo triplicate adipogenic induction. The adipose induction potential was calculated as percentage of increasing optical density (OD) values. The data revealed that with increasing the number of induction cycles, the induction tendency in visceral ADSC decreased in contrast to the subcutaneous ones. Although the supernatants did not reach induction levels of their relevant precursors, they follow the same pattern in both subcutaneous and visceral ADSC. All cell types successfully passed osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the best adipose induction ability was observed in directly plated subcutaneous cell population. The increase of induction numbers depressed adipose induction ability in cell populations derived from visceral fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Vachkova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
| | - D Bosnakovski
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delčev-Štip, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia
| | - P Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - N Grigorova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Zh Ivanova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - P Todorov
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - G Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - A Milanova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - G Simeonova
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I Penchev Georgiev
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Wallner C, Abraham S, Wagner JM, Harati K, Ismer B, Kessler L, Zöllner H, Lehnhardt M, Behr B. Local Application of Isogenic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Restores Bone Healing Capacity in a Type 2 Diabetes Model. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:836-44. [PMID: 27102648 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone regeneration is typically a reliable process without scar formation. The endocrine disease type 2 diabetes prolongs and impairs this healing process. In a previous work, we showed that angiogenesis and osteogenesis-essential steps of bone regeneration-are deteriorated, accompanied by reduced proliferation in type 2 diabetic bone regeneration. The aim of the study was to improve these mechanisms by local application of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and facilitate bone regeneration in impaired diabetic bone regeneration. The availability of ASCs in great numbers and the relative ease of harvest offers unique advantages over other mesenchymal stem cell entities. A previously described unicortical tibial defect model was utilized in diabetic mice (Lepr(db-/-)). Isogenic mouse adipose-derived stem cells (mASCs)(db-/db-) were harvested, transfected with a green fluorescent protein vector, and isografted into tibial defects (150,000 living cells per defect). Alternatively, control groups were treated with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium or mASCs(WT). In addition, wild-type mice were identically treated. By means of immunohistochemistry, proteins specific for angiogenesis, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and bone formation were analyzed at early (3 days) and late (7 days) stages of bone regeneration. Additionally, histomorphometry was performed to examine bone formation rate and remodeling. Histomorphometry revealed significantly increased bone formation in mASC(db-/db-)-treated diabetic mice as compared with the respective control groups. Furthermore, locally applied mASCs(db-/db-) significantly enhanced neovascularization and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, bone remodeling was upregulated in stem cell treatment groups. Local application of mACSs can restore impaired diabetic bone regeneration and may represent a therapeutic option for the future. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed that stem cells obtained from fat pads of type 2 diabetic mice are capable of reconstituting impaired bone regeneration in type 2 diabetes. These multipotent stem cells promote both angiogenesis and osteogenesis in type 2 diabetic bony defects. These data might prove to have great clinical implications for bony defects in the ever-increasing type 2 diabetic patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Abraham
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Johannes Maximilian Wagner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kamran Harati
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Britta Ismer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas Kessler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hannah Zöllner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Behr
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Liu Z, Yin X, Ye Q, He W, Ge M, Zhou X, Hu J, Zou S. Periodontal regeneration with stem cells-seeded collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:121-31. [PMID: 27009932 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216637978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Re-establishing compromised periodontium to its original structure, properties and function is demanding, but also challenging, for successful orthodontic treatment. In this study, the periodontal regeneration capability of collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds, seeded with bone marrow stem cells, was investigated in a canine labial alveolar bone defect model. Bone marrow stem cells were isolated, expanded and characterized. Porous collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold were prepared. Attachment, migration, proliferation and morphology of bone marrow stem cells, co-cultured with porous collagen-hydroxyapatite or cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite, were evaluated in vitro. The periodontal regeneration capability of collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold with or without bone marrow stem cells was tested in six beagle dogs, with each dog carrying one sham-operated site as healthy control, and three labial alveolar bone defects untreated to allow natural healing, treated with bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold implant or collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold implant, respectively. Animals were euthanized at 3 and 6 months (3 animals per group) after implantation and the resected maxillary and mandibular segments were examined using micro-computed tomography scan, H&E staining, Masson's staining and histometric evaluation. Bone marrow stem cells were successfully isolated and demonstrated self-renewal and multi-potency in vitro. The porous collagen-hydroxyapatite and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite had average pore sizes of 415 ± 20 µm and 203 ± 18 µm and porosity of 69 ± 0.5% and 50 ± 0.2%, respectively. The attachment, proliferation and migration of bone marrow stem cells were satisfactory on both porous collagen-hydroxyapatite and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Implantation of bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite or collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold in beagle dogs with experimental periodontal defects resulted in significantly enhanced periodontal regeneration characterized by formation of new bone, periodontal ligament and cementum, compared with the untreated defects, as evidenced by histological and micro-computed tomography examinations. The prepared collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds possess favorable bio-compatibility. The bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite and collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold - induced periodontal regeneration, with no aberrant events complicating the regenerative process. Further research is necessary to improve the bone marrow stem cells behavior in collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China Chengdu Women and Chidren Central Hospital, 1617 Riyue Avenue, Qingyang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wulin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengke Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- The Number Seventeen Middle School of Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
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Dodson MV, Allen RE, Du M, Bergen WG, Velleman SG, Poulos SP, Fernyhough-Culver M, Wheeler MB, Duckett SK, Young MRI, Voy BH, Jiang Z, Hausman GJ. INVITED REVIEW: Evolution of meat animal growth research during the past 50 years: Adipose and muscle stem cells. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:457-81. [PMID: 26020737 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
If one were to compare today's animal growth research to research from a mere 50 yr ago, one would see programs with few similarities. The evolution of this research from whole-animal through cell-based and finally molecular and genomic studies has been enhanced by the identification, isolation, and in vitro evaluation of adipose- and muscle-derived stem cells. This paper will highlight the struggles and the milestones that make this evolving area of research what it is today. The contribution of adipose and muscle stem cell research to development and growth, tissue regeneration, and final carcass composition are reviewed.
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Schomberg DT, Tellez A, Meudt JJ, Brady DA, Dillon KN, Arowolo FK, Wicks J, Rousselle SD, Shanmuganayagam D. Miniature Swine for Preclinical Modeling of Complexities of Human Disease for Translational Scientific Discovery and Accelerated Development of Therapies and Medical Devices. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:299-314. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623315618292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer, are the leading cause of death in the world. The cost, both monetary and time, of developing therapies to prevent, treat, or manage these diseases has become unsustainable. A contributing factor is inefficient and ineffective preclinical research, in which the animal models utilized do not replicate the complex physiology that influences disease. An ideal preclinical animal model is one that responds similarly to intrinsic and extrinsic influences, providing high translatability and concordance of preclinical findings to humans. The overwhelming genetic, anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological similarities to humans make miniature swine an ideal model for preclinical studies of human disease. Additionally, recent development of precision gene-editing tools for creation of novel genetic swine models allows the modeling of highly complex pathophysiology and comorbidities. As such, the utilization of swine models in early research allows for the evaluation of novel drug and technology efficacy while encouraging redesign and refinement before committing to clinical testing. This review highlights the appropriateness of the miniature swine for modeling complex physiologic systems, presenting it as a highly translational preclinical platform to validate efficacy and safety of therapies and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic T. Schomberg
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Jennifer J. Meudt
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - Folagbayi K. Arowolo
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joan Wicks
- Alizée Pathology, LLC, Thurmont, Maryland, USA
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The effects of dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration in rat calvarial defect model: Micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1729-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bionaz M, Monaco E, Wheeler MB. Transcription Adaptation during In Vitro Adipogenesis and Osteogenesis of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Dynamics of Pathways, Biological Processes, Up-Stream Regulators, and Gene Networks. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137644. [PMID: 26398344 PMCID: PMC4580618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for bone regeneration is growing. Among MSC the bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) are considered the gold standard in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, the adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) have very similar properties and some advantages to be considered a good alternative to BMSC. The molecular mechanisms driving adipogenesis are relatively well-known but mechanisms driving osteogenesis are poorly known, particularly in pig. In the present study we have used transcriptome analysis to unravel pathways and biological functions driving in vitro adipogenesis and osteogenesis in BMSC and ASC. The analysis was performed using the novel Dynamic Impact Approach and functional enrichment analysis. In addition, a k-mean cluster analysis in association with enrichment analysis, networks reconstruction, and transcription factors overlapping analysis were performed in order to uncover the coordination of biological functions underlining differentiations. Analysis indicated a larger and more coordinated transcriptomic adaptation during adipogenesis compared to osteogenesis, with a larger induction of metabolism, particularly lipid synthesis (mostly triglycerides), and a larger use of amino acids for synthesis of feed-forward adipogenic compounds, larger cell signaling, lower cell-to-cell interactions, particularly for the cytoskeleton organization and cell junctions, and lower cell proliferation. The coordination of adipogenesis was mostly driven by Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors together with other known adipogenic transcription factors. Only a few pathways and functions were more induced during osteogenesis compared to adipogenesis and some were more inhibited during osteogenesis, such as cholesterol and protein synthesis. Up-stream transcription factor analysis indicated activation of several lipid-related transcription regulators (e.g., PPARs and CEBPα) during adipogenesis but osteogenesis was driven by inhibition of several up-stream regulators, such as MYC. Between MSCs the data indicated an ‘adipocyte memory’ in ASC with also an apparent lower immunogenicity compared to BMSC during differentiations. Overall the analysis allowed proposing a dynamic model for the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in porcine ASC and BMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bionaz
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Elisa Monaco
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Wheeler
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ansari S, Phark JH, Duarte S, Paulino da Silva M, Sharifzadeh N, Moshaverinia A, Zadeh HH. Biomechanical analysis of engineered bone with anti-BMP2 antibody immobilized on different scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1465-73. [PMID: 26252572 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently we have demonstrated the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 immobilized on different scaffolds to mediate bone formation, a process referred to as Antibody Mediated Osseous Regeneration (AMOR). One of the key properties of regenerated bone is its biomechanical strength, in particular in load-bearing areas. This study sought to test the hypothesis that the biomechanical strength of regenerated bone depends of the mode of regeneration, as well as the scaffold used. Four different scaffolds, namely titanium granules (Ti), alginate hydrogel, anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM), and absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) were functionalized with anti-BMP-2 or isotype control mAb and implanted into rat critical-size calvarial defects. The morphology, density and strength of the regenerated bone were evaluated after 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that scaffolds functionalized with anti-BMP-2 mAb exhibited varying degrees of bone volume and density. Ti and ABBM achieved the highest bone volume, density, and strength of bone. When anti-BMP-2 mAb was immobilized on Ti or ABBM, the strength of the regenerated bone were 80% and 77% of native bone respectively, compared with 60% of native bone in sites implanted with rh-BMP-2. Control interventions with isotype mAb did not promote considerable bone regeneration and exhibited significantly lower mechanical properties. SEM analysis showed specimens immobilized with anti-BMP-2 mAb formed new bone with organized structure bridging the crack areas. Altogether, the present data demonstrated that the morphological and mechanical properties of bone bioengineered through AMOR could approximate that of native bone, when appropriate scaffolds are used. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1465-1473, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ansari
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jin-Ho Phark
- Division of Restorative Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sillas Duarte
- Division of Restorative Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Maike Paulino da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Navid Sharifzadeh
- Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Homayoun H Zadeh
- Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
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Ansari S, Freire M, Choi MG, Tavari A, Almohaimeed M, Moshaverinia A, Zadeh HH. Effects of the orientation of anti-BMP2 monoclonal antibody immobilized on scaffold in antibody-mediated osseous regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:558-67. [PMID: 26184354 DOI: 10.1177/0885328215594704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that anti-BMP2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can trap endogenous osteogenic BMP ligands, which can in turn mediate osteodifferentiation of progenitor cells. The effectiveness of this strategy requires the availability of the anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies antigen-binding sites for anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies to bind to the scaffold through a domain that will leave its antigen-binding region exposed and available for binding to an osteogenic ligand. We examined whether antibodies bound to a scaffold by passive adsorption versus through Protein G as a linker will exhibit differences in mediating bone formation. In vitro anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies was immobilized on absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) with Protein G as a linker to bind the antibody through its Fc region and implanted into rat calvarial defects. The biomechanical strength of bone regenerated by absorbable collagen sponge/Protein G/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies immune complex was compared to ACS/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies or ACS/Protein G/isotype mAb control group. Results demonstrated higher binding of anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies/BMPs to C2C12 cells, when the mAb was initially attached to recombinant Protein G or Protein G-coupled microbeads. After eight weeks, micro-CT and histomorphometric analyses revealed increased bone formation within defects implanted with absorbable collagen sponge/Protein G/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies compared with defects implanted with absorbable collagen sponge/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies (p < 0.05). Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) confirmed increased BMP-2, -4, and -7 detection in sites implanted with absorbable collagen sponge/Protein G/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies in vivo. Biomechanical analysis revealed the regenerated bone in sites with Protein G/anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies had higher mechanical strength in comparison to anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies. The negative control group, Protein G/isotype mAb, did not promote bone regeneration and exhibited significantly lower mechanical properties (p < 0.05). Altogether, our results demonstrated that application of Protein G as a linker to adsorb anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies onto the scaffold was accompanied by increased in vitro binding of the anti-BMP-2 mAb/BMP immune complex to BMP-receptor positive cell, as well as increased volume and strength of de novo bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ansari
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo Freire
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moon G Choi
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Azadeh Tavari
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Almohaimeed
- Dental Research Center (DRC), Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Research Unit (TEBRU), College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Homayoun H Zadeh
- Laboratory for Immunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE), Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Berger M, Probst F, Schwartz C, Cornelsen M, Seitz H, Ehrenfeld M, Otto S. A concept for scaffold-based tissue engineering in alveolar cleft osteoplasty. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015; 43:830-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zhang N, Dietrich MA, Lopez MJ. Therapeutic doses of multipotent stromal cells from minimal adipose tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 10:600-11. [PMID: 24850472 PMCID: PMC4127443 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low yield of adult adipose-derived multipotent stromal cells (ASC) can limit autologous cell therapy in individuals with minimal adipose tissue. In this study, ASC isolation was optimized from approximately 0.2 g of feline epididymal adipose tissue for a treatment dose of 106–107 ASCs/kg. The ASC yield was determined for three digestions, 0.1 % collagenase in medium for 30 min (Classic), 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 30 min (New) and 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 1 h (Hour). After isolation by the new tissue digestion, continuously cultured ASCs (fresh) and cells recovered and expanded after cryostorage at P0 (revitalized) were characterized up to cell passage (P) 5. Outcomes included CD9, CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD105 expression, cell doublings and doubling times, fibroblastic, adipogenic and osteogenic colony forming unit (CFU) frequency percentages and lineage-specific target gene expression after induction. The New digestion had the highest CFU yield, and about 7x106 ASCs/kg were available within three cell passages (P2). Compared to earlier passages, target surface antigen expression was lowest in fresh P5 cells, and fresh and revitalized P3–5 cells had slower expansion. Fresh and revitalized P1 ASCs had higher CFU frequency percentages and lineage-specific gene expression than P3. The New method described in this study was most efficient for feline epididymal ASC isolation and did not alter in vitro cell behavior. Fresh and revitalized P0-P2 feline ASCs may be most effective for preclinical and clinical trials. This study offers a potential option for ASC isolation from limited adipose tissue resources across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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Moshaverinia A, Chen C, Xu X, Ansari S, Zadeh HH, Schricker SR, Paine ML, Moradian-Oldak J, Khademhosseini A, Snead ML, Shi S. Regulation of the Stem Cell-Host Immune System Interplay Using Hydrogel Coencapsulation System with an Anti-Inflammatory Drug. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2015; 25:2296-2307. [PMID: 26120294 PMCID: PMC4478611 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201500055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The host immune system is known to influence mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated bone tissue regeneration. However, the therapeutic capacity of hydrogel biomaterial to modulate the interplay between MSCs and T-lymphocytes is unknown. Here it is shown that encapsulating hydrogel affects this interplay when used to encapsulate MSCs for implantation by hindering the penetration of pro-inflammatory cells and/or cytokines, leading to improved viability of the encapsulated MSCs. This combats the effects of the host pro-inflammatory T-lymphocyte-induced nuclear factor kappaB pathway, which can reduce MSC viability through the CASPASE-3 and CAS-PASE-8 associated proapoptotic cascade, resulting in the apoptosis of MSCs. To corroborate rescue of engrafted MSCs from the insult of the host immune system, the incorporation of the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin into the encapsulating alginate hydrogel further regulates the local microenvironment and prevents pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that the encapsulating hydrogel can regulate the MSC-host immune cell interplay and direct the fate of the implanted MSCs, leading to enhanced tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moshaverinia
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chider Chen
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xingtian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Homayoun H. Zadeh
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Scott R. Schricker
- College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, 305 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael L. Paine
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Janet Moradian-Oldak
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Harvard Medical School 65 Landsdowne St, Rm 252, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Malcolm L. Snead
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Songtao Shi
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Park SW, Lee D, Lee HR, Moon HJ, Lee BR, Ko WK, Song SJ, Lee SJ, Shin K, Jang W, Yi JK, Im SG, Kwon IK. Generation of functionalized polymer nanolayer on implant surface via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 439:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Portinho CP, Santos LA, Cerski T, Rivero RC, Collares MVM. Cranial vault reconstruction with bone morphogenetic protein, calcium phosphate, acellular dermal matrix, and calcium alginate in mice. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29:622-32. [PMID: 25317993 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8650201400160001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate experimental cranial vault reconstructions, by combining bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP-2) and different matrices. METHODS Fourty-nine animals were initially included (seven per group). We designed an experimental, open, prospective and comparative study, divided in seven groups: 1 - BMP-2+calcium phosphate (BT); 2 - BMP-2+acellular dermal matrix (BM); 3 - BMP-2+calcium alginate (BA); 4 - TCP; 5 - MDM; 6 - ALG; 7 - Bone autograft (BAG). A bone failure was created in left parietal bone of adult male mice. At the same procedure reconstruction was performed. After five weeks, animals were sacrificed, and reconstruction area was removed to histological analysis. After exclusion due to death or infection, thirty-eight animals were evaluated (BT=5; BM=6; BA=6; TCP=7; MDM=3; ALG=6; BAG=5). RESULTS A higher incidence of infection has occurred in MDM group (57%, P=0.037). In cortical fusion, groups BAG, TCP, and BMP-2+TCP (BT) obtained the best scores, comparing to the others (P=0.00846). In new bone formation, groups BT, BAG, and TCP have presented the best scores (P=0.00835). When neovascularization was considered, best groups were BMP-2+MDM (BM), BMP-2+ALG (BA), TCP, and MDM (P=0.001695). BAG group was the best in bone marrow formation, followed by groups BT and TCP (P=0.008317). CONCLUSIONS Bone morphogenetic protein type 2 increased bone regeneration in experimental skull reconstruction, especially when combined to calcium phosphate. Such association was even comparable to bone autograft, the gold-standard treatment, in some histological criteria.
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Xia L, Lin K, Jiang X, Fang B, Xu Y, Liu J, Zeng D, Zhang M, Zhang X, Chang J, Zhang Z. Effect of nano-structured bioceramic surface on osteogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8514-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue in bone regeneration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107001. [PMID: 25198551 PMCID: PMC4157844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has proved to be a promising strategy in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Although their mechanism of action is not completely clear, it has been suggested that their therapeutic activity may be mediated by a paracrine effect. The main goal of this study was to evaluate by radiographic, morphometric and histological analysis the ability of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue (Ad-MSC) and their conditioned medium (CM), to repair surgical bone lesions using an in vivo model (rabbit mandibles). The results demonstrated that both, Ad-MSC and CM, induce bone regeneration in surgically created lesions in rabbit's jaws, suggesting that Ad-MSC improve the process of bone regeneration mainly by releasing paracrine factors. The evidence of the paracrine effect of MSC on bone regeneration has a major impact on regenerative medicine, and the use of their CM can address some issues and difficulties related to cell transplants. In particular, CM can be easily stored and transported, and is easier to handle by medical personnel during clinical procedures.
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Immobilization of murine anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibody on various biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:940860. [PMID: 25147826 PMCID: PMC4132312 DOI: 10.1155/2014/940860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials are widely used as scaffolds for tissue engineering. We have developed a strategy for bone tissue engineering that entails application of immobilized anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to capture endogenous BMPs in vivo and promote antibody-mediated osseous regeneration (AMOR). The purpose of the current study was to compare the efficacy of immobilization of a specific murine anti-BMP-2 mAb on three different types of biomaterials and to evaluate their suitability as scaffolds for AMOR. Anti-BMP-2 mAb or isotype control mAb was immobilized on titanium (Ti) microbeads, alginate hydrogel, and ACS. The treated biomaterials were surgically implanted in rat critical-sized calvarial defects. After 8 weeks, de novo bone formation was assessed using micro-CT and histomorphometric analyses. Results showed de novo bone regeneration with all three scaffolds with immobilized anti-BMP-2 mAb, but not isotype control mAb. Ti microbeads showed the highest volume of bone regeneration, followed by ACS. Alginate showed the lowest volume of bone. Localization of BMP-2, -4, and -7 antigens was detected on all 3 scaffolds with immobilized anti-BMP-2 mAb implanted in calvarial defects. Altogether, these data suggested a potential mechanism for bone regeneration through entrapment of endogenous BMP-2, -4, and -7 proteins leading to bone formation using different types of scaffolds via AMOR.
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Liang L, Song Y, Li L, Li D, Qin M, Zhao J, Xie C, Sun D, Liu Y, Jiao T, Liu N, Zou G. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Combined With Inorganic Bovine Bone in Calvarial Bone Healing in Rats With Type 2 Diabetes. J Periodontol 2014; 85:601-9. [PMID: 23805817 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Liang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Abstract
Continual improvement and targeting of large animal models with contemporary technology augment their accuracy and value. New discoveries within the models contribute to reliable results with reduced variability. Despite the importance of large animal stem cell models to biomedical advances, the knowledge base surrounding them is relatively limited compared with that of human and rodents. The series of investigations presented by Niada and colleagues helps to meet this essential element of large animal models with information about in vitro behavior of porcine adipose-derived stem cells from two different harvest sites as well as their responses to implant materials and porcine serum. See related research by Niada et al., http://stemcellres.com/content/4/6/148
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Chang S, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Nör JE, Clarkson BH, Ni L, Liu J. Fluorapatite enhances mineralization of mesenchymal/endothelial cocultures. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:12-22. [PMID: 23859365 PMCID: PMC3875212 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the widely used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial cells appear to be a favorable cell source for hard tissue regeneration. Previously, fluorapatite was shown to stimulate and enhance mineralization of MSCs. This study aims to investigate the growth of endothelial cells on synthesized ordered fluorapatite surfaces and their effect on the mineralization of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) through coculture. Endothelial cells were grown on fluorapatite surfaces and characterized by cell counting, flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cells were then cocultured with ASCs and stained for alkaline phosphatase and mineral formation. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathway perturbation and basic FGF (bFGF) treatment of the ASCs were also conducted to observe their effects on differentiation and mineralization of these cells. Fluorapatite surfaces showed good biocompatibility in supporting endothelial cells. Without a mineralization supplement, coculture with endothelial cells induced osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, which was further enhanced by the fluorapatite surfaces. This suggested a combined stimulating effect of endothelial cells and fluorapatite surfaces on the enhanced mineralization of ASCs. Greater amounts of bFGF release by endothelial cells alone or cocultures with ASCs stimulated by fluorapatite surfaces, together with FGF pathway perturbation and bFGF treatment results, suggested that the FGF signaling pathway may function in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Syweren Chang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Agata Czajka-Jakubowska
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacques E. Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brian H. Clarkson
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Longxing Ni
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Moshaverinia A, Chen C, Xu X, Akiyama K, Ansari S, Zadeh HH, Shi S. Bone regeneration potential of stem cells derived from periodontal ligament or gingival tissue sources encapsulated in RGD-modified alginate scaffold. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:611-21. [PMID: 24070211 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide an advantageous alternative therapeutic option for bone regeneration in comparison to current treatment modalities. However, delivering MSCs to the defect site while maintaining a high MSC survival rate is still a critical challenge in MSC-mediated bone regeneration. Here, we tested the bone regeneration capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) encapsulated in a novel RGD- (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide) coupled alginate microencapsulation system in vitro and in vivo. Five-millimeter-diameter critical-size calvarial defects were created in immunocompromised mice and PDLSCs and GMSCs encapsulated in RGD-modified alginate microspheres were transplanted into the defect sites. New bone formation was assessed using microcomputed tomography and histological analyses 8 weeks after transplantation. Results confirmed that our microencapsulation system significantly enhanced MSC viability and osteogenic differentiation in vitro compared with non-RGD-containing alginate hydrogel microspheres with larger diameters. Results confirmed that PDLSCs were able to repair the calvarial defects by promoting the formation of mineralized tissue, while GMSCs showed significantly lower osteogenic differentiation capability. Further, results revealed that RGD-coupled alginate scaffold facilitated the differentiation of oral MSCs toward an osteoblast lineage in vitro and in vivo, as assessed by expression of osteogenic markers Runx2, ALP, and osteocalcin. In conclusion, these results for the first time demonstrated that MSCs derived from orofacial tissue encapsulated in RGD-modified alginate scaffold show promise for craniofacial bone regeneration. This treatment modality has many potential dental and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moshaverinia
- 1 Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
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Li W, Fan J, Chen F, Yang W, Su J, Bi Z. Construction of adipose scaffold for bone repair with gene engineering bone cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:1350-4. [PMID: 24131542 DOI: 10.1177/1535370213506677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone defect repairing is still a challenge in orthopedics. As the gene engineering bones have been used in the bone repairing clinic, the scaffold construction is a critical fact to be considered. This study aims to construct optimal scaffolds using adipose tissue in the bone repair together with the gene engineering osteocytes. Rat adipose stem cells (ASC) were prepared; the cells were transduced with the OCT-4 gene carrying lentiviral vectors (OCT-4-Lv). Artificial bone defects were created in the rat femoral bone. The bone defects were filled up with adipose scaffolds and shaped by using surrounding muscles and supported with orthopedic splints. ASCs with or without transducing the OCT-4-Lv were injected into the adipose scaffolds. The rats were sacrificed 12 weeks after the surgery. After receiving the OCT-4-Lv, the expressions of OCT-4, RUNX2 and osteocalcin were detected in the ASCs. X-ray examination showed that rats received the OCT-4-Lv transduced ASCs together with the adipose pad had new bone formation in the defect area; none of the control rats showed any new bone formation in situ. The results were supported by histological assessment. Using adipose scaffold and OCT-4-modified ASC transplantation can repair bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
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