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Raza MRA, Rajput AS, Sasidharan JK, Tomar AKS, Pandey HO, Singh M, Patra MK. Effect of prostaglandin treatment on the estrus behaviour, follicular and luteal morphometry and serum hormone profile in sub-estrus buffaloes during non-breeding season. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14617. [PMID: 38837282 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Sub-estrus buffaloes do not exhibit estrus signs despite being cyclic contributing to extended service periods and inter-calving intervals causing significant economic loss. The present study described the effect of synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2α) on estrus behaviour, follicular and luteal morphometry, and serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) profile in sub-estrus buffaloes during the non-breeding season. The incidence of sub-estrus was 38.4% during the non-breeding season. The sub-estrus buffaloes (n = 33) were divided into two groups, viz., Control (n = 16) and PGF2α treatment (Inj. Cloprostenol 500 μg, i.m., n = 17). Estrus induction response was significantly greater in the treatment (100 vs. 18.75%, p < .001), and a relatively greater proportion of animals conceived in the treatment group (29.41 vs. 6.25%, p = .08). The time elapsed to induction of estrus and insemination following treatment was significantly lower in the treatment group than control. A significant increment in the follicle diameter (9.72 ± 0.45 vs. 13.00 ± 0.45 mm, P < .0001) and serum estradiol (E2) concentration (66.01 ± 11.92 vs. 104.9 ± 13.21 pg/mL, p = .003) observed at the post-treatment period in the PGF2α treatment group. At the same time, CL diameter was reduced significantly at a higher regression rate in the PGF2α treated buffaloes than those of control. Of the responded buffaloes, only 30% showed high-intensity estrus attributed to the expulsion of cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM), uterine tonicity, micturition, and mounting response by a teaser bull. From this study, it can be concluded that the administration of PGF2α could induce estrus in the sub-estrus buffaloes during the non-breeding season. Behavioural changes, along with sonographic observation of POF, regressing CL, and serum E2 and P4 concentration would be useful to determine the right time of insemination in sub-estrus buffaloes during non-breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rehan Ahmed Raza
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Atul Singh Rajput
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | | | - Atul Kumar Singh Tomar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Hari Om Pandey
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Samir H, Swelum AA, Farag A, El-Sherbiny HR. Emotional temperaments in advanced pregnant goats and its relationship with the feto-maternal blood flow and placentome echotexture. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1545-1561. [PMID: 38379058 PMCID: PMC11147941 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of xylazine sedation (non-sedated versus sedated conditions) and animal temperament on the fetal and maternal hemodynamics during the late stage of gestation in goats. In addition, it aimed to study the concentrations of cortisol and the echotexture of the placentome. Fourteen goats were assigned into two equal groups (n = 7, each) based on the animal's emotional temperament (calm versus nervous groups). All goats were examined for assessment of the blood flow within the fetal aorta (FA), umbilical artery (UMA), and middle uterine artery (MUA) using color-pulsed Doppler ultrasonography. Goats were exposed to light sedation using the recommended dose of xylazine (0.05 mg/Kg Bw) intramuscularly. Goats in each group were reassessed for the studied parameters after sedation. Blood samples were drawn to determine the concentrations of cortisol. Placentome echotexture pixel intensity (PXI) was evaluated using computer image analysis software. Results revealed the significant impact of the xylazine sedation on the Doppler indices of the blood flow within the measured arteries (FA, UMA, and MUA), the PXI of placentome echotexture, and cortisol concentrations. The emotional temperament of goats had significant effects on the blood flow parameters of the MUA and UMA, concentrations of cortisol, and the PXI of the placentome. The interaction effect (sedation x temperament) was noticed in the measured parameters of the UMA blood flow, fetal heart rate, and cortisol concentrations. In conclusion, xylazine sedation and emotional temperaments induced alterations in the echotexture of the placentomes as well as the hemodynamic parameters of late-stage pregnant goats without affecting the pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Farag
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hossam R El-Sherbiny
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Cavalcante de Souza D, Gonella-Diaza AM, de Carvalho NAT, Elliff FM, de Carvalho JGS, Vieira LM, Bonfim-Neto AP, de Carvalho Papa P, Ghuman SS, Madureira EH, Pugliesi G, Binelli M, Baruselli PS. Supplementation with long-acting injectable progesterone 3 days after TAI impaired luteal function in buffaloes. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:76. [PMID: 38349441 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of long-acting injectable progesterone (iP4) in buffalo cows. In Experiment 1, ovariectomized buffaloes received 300 mg (iP300) or 600 mg (iP600) of iP4, and serum P4 concentrations were evaluated. In experiment 2, three groups were compared: control or administration of 300 mg of iP4 3 (iP4-D3) or 6 days (iP4-D6) after timed artificial insemination (TAI). On day 16, reproductive tract was recovered for conceptus, endometrium, and corpus luteum (CL) analysis. In experiment 3, pregnancy per AI (P/TAI) and proportion of pregnancy losses were evaluated after administration of 300 mg of iP4 3 (iP4-D3) or 6 days (iP4-D6) after TAI in lactating buffaloes. In experiment 1, serum P4 concentrations remained over 1 ng/mL for ~ 3 days in both groups. The 300 mg dose was used in subsequent experiments. In experiment 2, CL weight and endometrial glands density were decreased, and conceptus length was increased in iP4-D3 compared to control and to iP4-D6 (P < 0.05). Transcript abundance of Prostaglandin F Receptor (FP) and ISG15 in CL and of ISG15 and MX1 in endometrium was greater in iP4-D3 when compared to control and to iP4-D6 (P < 0.05). In experiment 3, there was no difference among experimental groups for P/TAI at D30 and pregnancy losses (P > 0.1); however, iP4-D3 presented a lower P/TAI at day 60 (41.7%) when compared to control (56.8%) and iP4-D6 (57.7%; P = 0.07). In conclusion, administration iP4 at 3 days after TAI affects CL development and consequently decreases final pregnancy outcome in buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cavalcante de Souza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 3925 Hwy 75, Marianna, FL, 32446, USA.
| | | | - Flavia Morag Elliff
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlia Gleyci Soares de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lais Mendes Vieira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antenor P Bonfim-Neto
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, Mooca, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ed Hoffman Madureira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Codognoto VM, de Souza FF, Cataldi TR, Labate CA, de Camargo LS, Esteves Trindade PH, da Rosa Filho RR, de Oliveira DJB, Oba E. Proteomics approach reveals urinary markers for early pregnancy diagnosis in buffaloes. J Proteomics 2024; 290:105036. [PMID: 37879565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare urine proteomics from non- and pregnant buffaloes in order to identify potential biomarkers of early pregnancy. Forty-four females underwent hormonal ovulation synchronization and were randomly divided into two experimental groups: inseminated (n = 30) and non-inseminated (n = 14). The pregnant females were further divided into two groups: pregnant at Day 12 (P12; n = 8) and at Day 18 (P18; n = 8) post-ovulation. The non-pregnant group was also subdivided into two groups: non-pregnant at Day 12 (NP12; n = 7) and at Day 18 (NP18; n = 7). Urine was collected from all females on Days 12 or 18. The samples were processed for proteomics. A total of 798 proteins were reported in the urine considering all groups. The differential proteins play essential roles during pregnancy, acting in cellular transport and metabolism, endometrial remodeling, embryonic protection, and degradation of defective proteins. We suggest that some proteins from our study can be considered biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis, since they were increased in pregnant buffaloes. SIGNIFICANCE: Macromolecules have been studied for early pregnancy diagnosis, aiming to increase reproductive efficiency in cattle and buffaloes. Direct methods such as rectal palpation and ultrasonography have been considered late. Thus, this study aimed to compare urine proteomics from non- and pregnant buffaloes to identify potential biomarkers of early pregnancy. The differential proteins found in our study play essential roles during pregnancy, acting in cellular transport and metabolism, endometrial remodeling, embryonic protection, and degradation of defective proteins. We suggest that these proteins can be considered possible biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis since they were increased in the pregnant buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane M Codognoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana F de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais R Cataldi
- Department of Genetic, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Labate
- Department of Genetic, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Laíza S de Camargo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Esteves Trindade
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto R da Rosa Filho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego J B de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eunice Oba
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Singh H, Pandey AK, Kumar S, Saini G, Duggal R, Bangar YC, Kumar S, Saini R, Kumar H. 5d CIDR-Heatsynch improves the circulatory estradiol levels, estrus expression and conception rate in anestrus buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis). Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4488-4499. [PMID: 36576041 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2158337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether increasing estradiol (E2) during preovulatory period would increase estrous expression, luteal profiles and conception rate in 5d CIDR based timed AI protocol. A total 156 anestrus buffalo allocated (78 per group) to either 5d CIDR-Cosynch (d-5: CIDR + GnRH; d0: PGF2α+CIDR removal; 72 h post-CIDR removal: GnRH) or 5d CIDR-Heatsynch (d-5: CIDR + GnRH; d0: PGF2α+CIDR removal; 24 h post-CIDR removal: estradiol benzoate) group. All the buffaloes inseminated at 72 and 84 h post-CIDR removal. A subset of buffalo (n = 58) were subjected to examination of the follicle diameter and luteal profile during protocol, post-AI on days 5 and 12. The buffalo in 5d CIDR-Heatsynch had greater (p < .05) E2 concentrations, estrus induction and increasing trend (p < .08) for conception rate (57.7% vs. 43.6%) than 5d CIDR-Cosynch. The percentage of pregnant buffalo that exhibited estrus signs was greater (p < .01) in 5d CIDR-Heatsynch than 5d CIDR-Cosynch. Positive correlation (p < .01) was observed between POF and E2 concentrations; POF and CL diameter, CL diameter and P4 concentrations. Estrus response and P4 concentrations were indicators of probability of pregnancy. In conclusion, 5d CIDR-Heatsynch tended to improve conception rate. The estrus expression and P4 concentrations (d5 and 12 post-first-AI) is the indicator of probability of pregnancy in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harender Singh
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Anand Kumar Pandey
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Gitesh Saini
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Rakesh Duggal
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government Veterinary Hospital, Hisar, India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Ravinder Saini
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government Veterinary Hospital, Hisar, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Samir H, Swelum AA, Abdelnaby EA, El-Sherbiny HR. Incorporation of L-Carnitine in the OvSynch protocol enhances the morphometrical and hemodynamic parameters of the ovarian structures and uterus in ewes under summer climatic conditions. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:246. [PMID: 37996926 PMCID: PMC10668402 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress negatively impacts the reproductive performance of sheep including the efficiency of estrous synchronization regimens. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of L-Carnitine (LC) administration on the efficacy of the OvSynch protocol in ewes under summer climatic conditions. Ewes were synchronized for estrus using the OvSynch protocol and a dose of LC (20 mg/kg body weight) was intravenously (IV) administered on the same day of PGF2α injection to one group (n = 8; LC group), while other ewes (n = 8; control group) received the same protocol without LC. Ultrasonographic evaluation (including B-mode, color, and pulsed Doppler) was used to assess the morphometrical and hemodynamic parameters of ovarian structures [number, size, and blood flow of follicles (GFs) and corpora lutea (CLs)] and uterus during the estrous phase (Day 0), and on Day 8 post ovulation (luteal phase). Uterine artery blood flow (MUA) was assessed by measuring the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) at both stages. The serum samples were collected to measure the concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) using commercial kits. Results revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the colored pixel area of GFs and uterus in the LC group (392.84 ± 31.86 and 712.50 ± 46.88, respectively) compared to the control one (226.25 ± 17.74 and 322 ± 18.78, respectively) during Day 0. Circulating E2 and TAC levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the LC-treated ewes (31.45 ± 1.53 pg/ml and 1.80 ± 0.13 mM/L, respectively) compared to those in the control ewes (21.20 ± 1.30 pg/ml and 0.98 ± 0.09 mM/L, respectively) during Day 0. Moreover, LC improved the colored pixel area of CLs (2038.14 ± 102.94 versus 1098 ± 82.39) and uterus (256.38 ± 39.28 versus 121.75 ± 11.36) and circulating P4 (2.99 ± 0.26 ng/ml versus1.67 ± 0.15 ng/ml) on Day 8. Values of RI of MUA were significantly lower in the LC group compared to the control one on Day 0 and Day 8 (0.48 ± 0.03 versus 0.72 ± 0.03 and 0.58 ± 0.03 versus 0.78 ± 0.02, respectively). In conclusion, LC incorporation in the OvSynch protocol enhanced the morphometrical and hemodynamic parameters of the ovarian structures and the uterus concomitantly with improvements in the TAC, E2, and P4 concentrations in ewes under hot summer conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Elshymaa A Abdelnaby
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Hossam R El-Sherbiny
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Samir H, El-Sherbiny HR, Ahmed AE, Ahmad Sindi R, Al Syaad KM, Abdelnaby EA. Administration of Estradiol Benzoate Enhances Ovarian and Uterine Hemodynamics in Postpartum Dairy Buffaloes. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2340. [PMID: 37508117 PMCID: PMC10376374 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The postpartum (PP) period is a crucial stage for the resumption of reproductive performance and ovarian cyclicity in dairy buffaloes. The present study aimed, for the first time, to assess the effect of the administration of estradiol benzoate (EB) on ovarian and uterine hemodynamics in PP dairy buffaloes. Eight pluriparous acyclic domestic buffaloes were enrolled in the present experiment and received a dose of 10 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) intramuscularly 4 weeks after parturition. All animals were examined two times before EB administration (days -3, and -1) and on the day of EB administration (day 0), followed by examinations on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 post-EB administration. The middle uterine artery (MUA) and ovarian artery (OA) blood flow patterns were assessed using a color Doppler ultrasound device. The reproductive parameters were (1) the cross-sectional diameters (cm) of the OA and MUA, (2) cranial uterine horn thickness (UHT; cm), and (3) hemodynamic changes within the MUA on both the ipsi- and contra-lateral sides of the previous pregnant horn and within the OA corresponding to the ovarian tissues. The examined blood flow parameters were the pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak systolic/end-diastolic ratio (S/D), time-averaged maximum velocity (TAV; cm/s), uterine blood flow rate (BFR; bpm), and uterine blood flow volume (BFV; mL/min). Concomitantly, blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein, and the sera were stored at -18 °C for use in estradiol (E2-17β) and nitric oxide (NO) assays. The results revealed increases in both OA and MUA cross-sectional diameter (cm) on the ipsi-lateral and contra-lateral (p < 0.05) sides within 24 h until day 9 post-treatment. The values of the RI and PI of blood flow within the OA and MUA on the ipsi-lateral and contra-lateral sides of the previous pregnancy were obviously lower (p < 0.05) at 24 h after the administration of EB, and then, started to gradually elevate, reaching the pre-treatment values on day 9 after EB administration. Both the BFR and BFV in the OA and MUA significantly increased from 24 h to 72 h after EB administration on both the ipsi-lateral and contra-lateral sides (p < 0.05); then, their values started to decrease to reach the pretreatment value on day 9 after EB administration. Both E2 and NO concentrations significantly increased (p < 0.05) from 24 h until day 3 after EB injection and then started to decline after that, reaching the pre-treatment value on day 9. In conclusion, the administration of EB enhances the ovarian and uterine blood flow concomitantly with increased levels of NO in PP dairy buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Hossam R El-Sherbiny
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramya Ahmad Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Al Syaad
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elshymaa A Abdelnaby
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Uddin AHMM, Petrovski KR, Song Y, Garg S, Kirkwood RN. Application of Exogenous GnRH in Food Animal Production. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1891. [PMID: 37370402 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over several decades, exogenous GnRH and agonists have been employed for controlling reproductive cascades in animals, and treating some reproductive morbidities. The administration of GnRH is used in animals to counter ovarian dysfunction, induce ovulation, and to increase conception and pregnancy rates. GnRH and its agonists are used in the treatment of cystic ovarian degeneration and repeat breeder syndrome. The development of protocols for GnRH administration by intramuscular injection, intramuscular or subcutaneous implants, and intravaginal deposition has empowered their clinical use worldwide. Currently, exogenous GnRH products are a central part of several pre- and post-breeding programs for the enhancement of fertility, including the control of estrous cycles and timing of ovulation, development of fixed-time artificial insemination protocols, improved embryo survival, and the treatment of reproductive morbidity. The aim of the present review is to summarize the application of exogenous GnRH agonists in food animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H M Musleh Uddin
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Kiro R Petrovski
- Davies Livestock Research Centre, School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Yunmei Song
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Roy N Kirkwood
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
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Currin L, Baldassarre H, de Macedo MP, Glanzner WG, Gutierrez K, Lazaris K, Guay V, Herrera MEC, da Silva Z, Brown C, Joron E, Herron R, Bordignon V. Factors Affecting the Efficiency of In Vitro Embryo Production in Prepubertal Mediterranean Water Buffalo. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243549. [PMID: 36552466 PMCID: PMC9774791 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryos from prepubertal water buffalo can be produced using laparoscopic ovum pickup (LOPU) and in vitro embryo production (IVEP). However, to date, it is unclear what factors and environmental conditions can affect LOPU-IVEP efficiency in prepubertal animals, especially buffalo. In this study, we explored the impact of season, age and individual variation among female donor animals, as well as the effect of the sire used for in vitro fertilization. Donor animals between 2 and 6 months of age were stimulated using gonadotropins prior to LOPU, which was performed at two-week intervals. Following in vitro maturation and fertilization, the resulting embryos were then cultured to the blastocyst stage until they were either vitrified or transferred into recipient animals. The number of follicles available for aspiration and embryo development rates was stable throughout the year. As animals became older, there was a slight trend for fewer COCs recovered from LOPU and better embryo development. There was a large individual variation in both ovarian response and the developmental competence of oocytes among donors. The bull used for fertilization also had a significant impact on embryo development. Upon embryo transfer, pregnancy rates were not affected by the number of embryos transferred per recipient. The best pregnancy rates were achieved when transferring blastocysts, compared to compact morula or hatched blastocysts. Finally, vitrification had no effect on pregnancy rate compared to fresh embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Currin
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Hernan Baldassarre
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | | | - Werner Giehl Glanzner
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Karina Gutierrez
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Katerina Lazaris
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Vanessa Guay
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | | | - Zigomar da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction—BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Caitlin Brown
- Ontario Water Buffalo Company, Stirling, ON K0K 3E0, Canada
| | - Erin Joron
- Ontario Water Buffalo Company, Stirling, ON K0K 3E0, Canada
| | - Ron Herron
- Ontario Water Buffalo Company, Stirling, ON K0K 3E0, Canada
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(514)-398-7793
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Pacelli C, Barile VL, Sabia E, Casano AB, Braghieri A, Martina V, Barbato O. Use of GnRH Treatment Based on Pregnancy-Associated Glyco-Proteins (PAGs) Levels as a Strategy for the Maintenance of Pregnancy in Buffalo Cows: A Field Study. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202822. [PMID: 36290208 PMCID: PMC9597821 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of GnRH administrated at day 35 after artificial insemination (AI) on the reproductive performance of buffalo cows. In ten buffalo farms in the period January−February, 481 buffalo cows were subjected to estrus synchronization protocol and fixed-time artificial insemination (Ovsynch−TAI program). Radioimmunoassays (RIA) for pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) were used to detect pregnancy at day 28 after AI (cut-off value: ≥1 ng/mL). Among pregnant subjects, those with PAG values between 1 and 2.5 ng/mL were considered at risk of embryonic mortality (EM) and were assigned into two groups: treated (T; n = 57) control (C; n = 57). Treated buffaloes received 0.01 mg of buserelin acetate intramuscularly on day 35 after AI, whereas control buffaloes received no treatment. The pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed at day 60 through PAGs level and rectal palpation. The treatment with GnRH had a significant effect (p < 0.001) in reducing EM. Between days 28 and 60 after AI, the animals that experienced EM were only 2/57 in the T group, while were 13/57 in the C group. Moreover, GnRH treatment produced a significant increase (p < 0.001) in the PAG concentration between day 28 and day 60. Administration of GnRH at day 35 after AI in animals considered at risk of low embryo survival based on PAG levels allowed a reduction in pregnancy losses and improved the pregnancy rate during low-breeding season in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pacelli
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Vittoria Lucia Barile
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA)—Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Sabia
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Ada Braghieri
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Valeria Martina
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7640; Fax: +39-075-585-7638
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11
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El Sabry M, Almasri O. Space allowance: a tool for improving behavior, milk and meat production, and reproduction performance of buffalo in different housing systems-a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:266. [PMID: 35970907 PMCID: PMC9378332 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Buffalo population has dramatically increased during the last two decades, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Although buffalo are important milk and meat-producing animal, still practices of buffalo farming and welfare aspects are not well established. Housing system and stocking density are significant factors that affect the welfare and production of animals; however, no space allowance standards have been demonstrated for buffalo at different ages. This review article presents the following: (1) an overview of buffalo subtypes and the geographical distribution of buffalo populations and their production; (2) the effect of housing systems and space allowance on the social behavior and welfare indices; (3) the effects of space allowance on milk production and growth performance of buffalo; and (4) the relationship between space allowance and reproductive performance. Although the limited data in this area of research, it can be driven that a larger space allowance with access to a pool, especially during the hot season, maintains buffalo production at optimal levels. Moreover, optimal floor space improves the welfare and social indices of buffalo; however, there are discrepancies in aggressive and agonistic behavior results. Surprisingly, the reproductive performance of buffalo was not affected by space allowance. Therefore, further research is needed to identify the impact of the housing aspects, including space allowance and enrichment tools, on the productive performance, and welfare indices of buffalo. This would assist in implementing welfare-economic standards for buffalo production and reveal the potentiality of this eco-friendly animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Sabry
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, El-Gamma street, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Obaida Almasri
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, El-Gamma street, Giza, 12613, Egypt.,General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria
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12
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Daghash SM, Yasin NAE, Abdelnaby EA, Emam IA, Tolba A, Abouelela YS. Histological and hemodynamic characterization of corpus luteum throughout the luteal phase in pregnant and non-pregnant buffalos in relation to nitric oxide levels based on its anatomical determination. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:896581. [PMID: 35982929 PMCID: PMC9380647 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.896581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to compare the complete growth and development of corpus luteum (CL) in domestic buffalos from day 5 until day 40 after ovulation either in pregnant or non-pregnant animals and whether luteal vascularity (LV) with progesterone (P4) and nitric oxide (NO) could determine luteal functionality or not. Pluriparous buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) were categorized as pregnant (n = 6) or non-pregnant (n = 9) after pregnancy check at day 25. Animals were subjected to ultrasound analysis to determine the CL area (cm2) and LV. Blood sampling was performed following the Doppler examination. Ovarian tissue samples from non-pregnant buffalo genitalia (n = 18) and early pregnant buffalo genitalia (n = 3) were collected from great abattoirs. Luteal Doppler indices were lower in the pregnant group, while peak systolic velocity (PSV) was increased (p < 0.05) in the same pregnant females. Both P4 and NOMs were elevated (p < 0.05) in the pregnant group. There was a positive correlation (p < 0.01) between P4 and CL PSV. Based on our macroscopical examination, the CL of non-pregnant buffalos was classified into four stages. Histologically, stage I showed that CL was covered by a highly vascularized connective tissue (CT) capsule. It consisted of small and large lutein cells, whereas stage II was similar to stage I except for the presence of numerous fibroblast cells and vacuolated cells. Stage III was characterized by increasing the number of collagen fibers and the thickness of the blood vessels. Stage IV revealed thickening of the CT capsule and septae, regressed capillaries and arterioles, in addition to shrunken degenerated lutein cells. CL of pregnant buffalos revealed the same structure as CL at stage II. CL area was increased in the pregnant group. The collective data suggested that evaluation of the luteal artery could be extremely helpful to determine the potential benefits of colored and pulsed Doppler in CL vascularization assessment in both luteal and early pregnancy phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer M. Daghash
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha A. E. Yasin
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby ;
| | - Ibrahim A. Emam
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman Tolba
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yara S. Abouelela
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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13
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Codognoto VM, Souza FF, Salgado LC, Rizzoto G, Yamada PH, Marques NFS, Carvalho NAT, Dantas A, Mesquita AVP, Ferreira JCP, Oba E. Can blood progesterone concentration identify non-pregnant buffaloes to support estrus resynchronization? Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:673-677. [PMID: 35247009 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the plasma progesterone concentrations from pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes to identify non-pregnant females and submit cows earlier to estrus resynchronizaton. Forty-four multiparous mix-breed Murrah buffaloes were selected for the study. The cows were subjected to hormonal estrus synchronization and separated into 4 groups, P12 (pregnant, n = 8) and P18 (n = 8) at 12 and 18 days post-insemination; NP12 (non-pregnant, n = 7) and NP18 (n = 7) at 23 and 29 days after the onset of synchronization, respectively. The embryos and blood were collected, the plasma was separated for centrifugation and used to determine progesterone concentration. Progesterone concentration was higher in P18 than P12 (P = 0.02) and NP18 groups (P < 0.001). The steroid was also increased in the P12 group compared to NP12 (P =0.031). There was no difference between NP12 and NP18 (P = 0.906). We conclude that the plasma progesterone concentration can be an alternative to identify earlier non-pregnant buffaloes, advancing the estrus resynchronization or natural service to improve productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane M Codognoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana F Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia C Salgado
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Rizzoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo H Yamada
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayara F S Marques
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nélcio A T Carvalho
- Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Registro, Pólo Regional do Vale do Ribeira (APTA), Registro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariane Dantas
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Victória Pereira Mesquita
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João C P Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eunice Oba
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Requena F, Campos MJAPM, Martínez Marín AL, Camacho R, Giráldez-Pérez RM, Agüera EI. Assessment of Age Effects on Ovarian Hemodynamics Using Doppler Ultrasound and Progesterone Concentrations in Cycling Spanish Purebred Mares. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082339. [PMID: 34438797 PMCID: PMC8388672 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Power Doppler is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows complete monitoring of the ovary changes in cycling mares. We use Power Doppler to investigate differences in follicular diameter and corpus luteum area as well as in follicular and corpus luteum blood flows between young and mature Spanish Purebred mares. Young mares had higher follicular and corpus luteum blood flows as well as higher blood progesterone levels. Moreover, we found that blood progesterone levels could be predicted in both groups from corpus luteum blood flow with moderate precision and accuracy. These results support the usefulness of Power Doppler to monitor ovarian hemodynamics and the suitability of corpus luteum blood flow to estimate blood progesterone levels in cycling mares. Abstract In equine reproduction, accurate and timely detection of the moment of ovulation is of great importance. Power Doppler ultrasound technology is a non-invasive method that enables to assess the morpho-echogenic features and blood flow changes during the estral cycle in mares. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of age on ultrasonographic parameters (follicular diameter, follicular blood flow—FBF, corpus luteum (CL) area and corpus luteum blood flow—CLBF) and blood plasma progesterone concentrations in cycling Spanish Purebred mares (15 less than 8 years old and 15 equal o higher than 8 years old). The ultrasound images obtained were analyzed with the Image Colour Summarizer software, which allows the quantification of the pixels of each image. Young mares had significantly higher FBF, CLBF and plasma progesterone levels. Moreover, linear regression analysis showed that blood progesterone levels could be predicted in both groups from CLBF with moderate precision and accuracy. In conclusion, Power Doppler was useful to assess ovarian hemodynamics. Our results support that age is a factor that significantly influences FBF and CLBF as well as blood progesterone concentration in mares. More studies would be needed to develop high precision and accuracy predictive models of blood progesterone concentration from CLBF measured by Power Doppler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Requena
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (F.R.); (R.C.); (R.M.G.-P.)
| | - María Joana A. P. M. Campos
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (M.J.A.P.M.C.); (A.L.M.M.)
| | - Andrés Luis Martínez Marín
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (M.J.A.P.M.C.); (A.L.M.M.)
| | - Rocío Camacho
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (F.R.); (R.C.); (R.M.G.-P.)
| | - Rosa M. Giráldez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (F.R.); (R.C.); (R.M.G.-P.)
| | - Estrella I. Agüera
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (F.R.); (R.C.); (R.M.G.-P.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Ultrasound Characteristics of the Cavitary Corpus Luteum after Oestrus Synchronization in Heifers in Relation to the Results of Embryo Transfer. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061706. [PMID: 34200482 PMCID: PMC8229356 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In cattle there are physiologically two morphological forms of the corpus luteum: compact and with cavity. During ultrasound examination a fluid filled cavity is clearly visible. Routine ultrasound examination is performed—as a part of preselection—in embryo-recipient heifers/cows. Some vets eliminate recipients with cavitary corpus luteum from embryo transfer, considering them to be less suitable for an embryo to develop. In our research, we showed that the level of progesterone in the blood of recipients on Embryo Transfer day was higher in the case of cavitary corpus luteum than in the case of compact ones. Similarly, the pregnancy rate of recipients with a cavitary corpus luteum was higher. The presence of cavity inside the corpus luteum should not be a reason for the elimination of recipients from embryo transfer. Moreover, cavitary corpus luteum may be a valuable indicator of the recipient’s reproductive potential. Abstract The aim of the study was to conduct an ultrasound analysis of quantitative parameters of the corpus luteum (CL) in recipient heifers on days 6–8 after oestrus, and to compare reproduction potential of both types of CL in those females. Analyses were performed on 300 heifers, synchronized with two injections of cloprostenol. Clinical and ultrasound examinations of ovaries were performed and measurements of the CL were recorded. The blood samples were taken to determine progesterone level. Pregnancy examination was conducted after 6–8 weeks from the ET. Cavitary CL was found in 32.7% heifers In 48.0% of the cavitary CL, its luteal tissue area was reduced by 14.3% compared to the compact CL, while 16.3% of the CL had luteal tissue reduced by more than 33.8%. Progesterone level in blood serum was higher in heifers with the cavitary CL (p < 0.001). Pregnancy rate was higher for females with a cavitary CL (52%) than those with compact ones (33%, p < 0.05). The ultrasound assessment of luteal tissue should be included in the evaluation of the functional status of the CL in ET-recipient heifers. The cavitary CL presence may indicate a higher potential of the recipient in maintaining the pregnancy.
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Peralta-Torres JA, Torres-Chablé OM, Segura-Correa JC, Ojeda-Robertos NF, Chay-Canul AJ, Luna-Palomera C, Severino-Lendechy VH, Aké-Villanueva JR. Ovarian dynamics of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) synchronized with different hormonal protocols. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:3475-3480. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Tonizza de Carvalho NA, Soares de Carvalho JG, Sales JNDS, Guerreiro BM, Freitas BGD, D'Occhio MJ, Baruselli PS. Treatment with estradiol cypionate at progesterone withdrawal reduces handling without compromising the pregnancy rate to timed-AI in buffalo. Theriogenology 2020; 157:498-502. [PMID: 32905899 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if treatment with estradiol cypionate (EC) at the time of P4 withdrawal induced ovulation in a synchronization/timed-AI (TAI) protocol in buffalo. In Experiment 1, 56 buffaloes received an intravaginal P4 device (1.0 g) plus estradiol benzoate (EB, 2.0 mg im) on Day 0 (D0). On Day 9, the P4 device was removed and buffaloes were given PGF2α (0.53 mg im sodium cloprostenol) plus eCG (400 IU im). Buffaloes were then randomly allocated to one of two groups: Group GEC (n = 29), treated with EC (1.0 mg im) at P4 device removal; Group GEB (n = 27), treated with EB (1.0 mg im) 24 h after P4 device removal. Ovarian ultrasound was undertaken on: D0, to ascertain general ovarian status; D9 to D11 (every 24 h), to measure diameter of the largest follicle (LF) and follicular growth rate; D11 to D13 (every 12 h for 72 h), to determine the time of ovulation and ovulation rate. Following P4 device removal, Groups GEC and GEB had a similar follicular growth rate (0.9 ± 0.1 and 1.1 ± 0.1 mm/day, respectively; P = 0.15) and similar LF diameter on D11 (11.4 ± 0.6 and 12.5 ± 0.5 mm; P = 0.12). Groups GEC and GEB also had a similar diameter of the ovulatory follicle (13.0 ± 0.5 and 13.4 ± 0.6 mm; P = 0.52), interval from P4 device removal to ovulation (68.2 ± 2.8 and 71.1 ± 1.4 h; P = 0.41) and ovulation rate (62.1% and 70.4%; P = 0.44). In Experiment 2, 199 buffaloes were assigned to the two treatments in Experiment 1 (GEC, n = 100; GEB, n = 99). All animals underwent TAI 56 h after P4 device removal and pregnancy diagnosis was preformed on D41. The pregnancy rate was similar for Groups GEC and GEB (50.0 and 45.5%, respectively; P = 0.45). The findings indicate that treatment with EC at the time of P4 withdrawal induces ovulation and achieves the same pregnancy rate to TAI as treatment with EB 24 h after P4 removal. The use of EC requires one less handling which is highly important in facilitating practical adoption of TAI in assisted breeding and genetic improvement in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelcio Antonio Tonizza de Carvalho
- Research and Development Unit of Registro / Diversified Animal Science Research Center / Institute of Animal Science, Registro, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Júlia Gleyci Soares de Carvalho
- Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Nélio de Sousa Sales
- Department of Animal Science, UFLA, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Michael J D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Esposito L, Salzano A, Russo M, de Nicola D, Prandi A, Gasparrini B, Campanile G, Neglia G. Corpus Luteum Color Doppler Ultrasound and Pregnancy Outcome in Buffalo during the Transitional Period. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071181. [PMID: 32668625 PMCID: PMC7401660 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The advent of color Doppler ultrasonography promoted tremendous advances in research and clinical practice in animal reproduction, because it allowed noninvasive visualization of the vascularization in reproductive organs. In particular, the corpus luteum blood flow reflects luteal function better than luteal size in ruminants. Since buffaloes are a seasonal species, it is important to evaluate corpus luteum functionality also during the nonbreeding season, through blood flow examination and early pregnancy diagnosis. For this reason, we selected 29 Mediterranean buffaloes that had undergone synchronization and artificial insemination and were examined daily, from 5 to 10 days post-artificial insemination. Then, we retrospectively classified the buffaloes as pregnant or nonpregnant. Statistical analysis showed that pregnant animals had higher mean progesterone concentration and higher mean time average medium velocity values from Day 5 to Day 10 compared to nonpregnant buffaloes. Moreover, these two parameters could be used to predict the likelihood of pregnancy, starting on Day 6, although more reliable results could be obtained at Day 10 post-artificial insemination. In conclusion, a proper CL growth and development from Day 5 to Day 10 post-timed artificial insemination (TAI) is crucial for pregnancy maintenance during the transitional period. Abstract This study evaluated corpus luteum (CL) development in buffaloes out of breeding season and assessed an early pregnancy diagnosis. Mediterranean buffaloes (n = 29) were synchronized and artificially inseminated. CL B-mode/color Doppler ultrasonography examinations were performed daily from Days 5 to 10 post-synchronization, recording CL dimensions and blood flow parameters. Blood samples were collected on the same days for the progesterone (P4) assay. Data were grouped into pregnant or nonpregnant and retrospectively analyzed. The total pregnancy rate was 50.0% (13/26) on Day 45. A significant difference between CL average area in pregnant and nonpregnant buffaloes was recorded only on Day 10. Pregnant buffaloes showed a significantly higher mean P4 concentration and higher mean time average medium velocity (TAMV) values from Day 5 to Day 10 compared to nonpregnant buffaloes. Linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between P4 levels and TAMV. Multiple logistic regression highlighted a significant influence of TAMV on pregnancy outcome, particularly on Day 8. This is probably due to the strong relationship between TAMV and P4 production. Both TAMV and P4 could be used to predict pregnancy starting on Day 6, although a more reliable result was obtained at Day 10. Thus, the period between Days 5 and 10 is critical for CL development during the transitional period in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Esposito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Marco Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2536016
| | - Donato de Nicola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Alberto Prandi
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Bianca Gasparrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.E.); (A.S.); (D.d.N.); (B.G.); (G.C.); (G.N.)
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Salzano A, Russo M, Anglani G, Licitra F, Zullo G, Cotticelli A, Fatone G, Campanile G. Early Prediction of Corpus Luteum Functionality Using an Imaging Software. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:299. [PMID: 32626727 PMCID: PMC7314946 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the applicability of luteal blood flow data acquired through the use of color Doppler ultrasonography and a post-processing analysis tool (ImageJ) for predicting pregnancy in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The experiment was carried out on 59 multiparous Italian Mediterranean buffaloes that underwent synchronization of estrus and fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI). Corpus luteum features (size: CLS and blood flow: BFA) were taken from Day 5 to 10 after TAI and retrospectively measured with ImageJ. In the same period, blood samples were taken to assess progesterone (P4) concentrations. Pregnancy diagnosis was carried out on Day 45 by ultrasound and confirmed on Day 70 post-TAI. Differences in CLS, BFA, and P4 concentrations from Day 5 to 10 after TAI measured between groups were analyzed by ANOVA repeated measures as were differences within each day of measuring. Buffaloes that established a pregnancy (n = 29; 55%) had larger CLS (2.2 ± 0.1 vs. 1.9 ± 0.1 cm2; P < 0.01), higher BFA (0.6 ± 0.0 vs. 0.4 ± 0.0 cm2; P < 0.01), and higher P4 blood level (1.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1; P < 0.01) during Day 5–10 as compared to not-pregnant buffaloes (n = 22). Throughout the entire period, the first feature that changed between groups was P4 blood concentration at Day 7 (1.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.1; P < 0.05) followed by BFA at Day 8 (0.6 ± 0.0 vs. 0.5 ± 0.0; P < 0.05), respectively, in pregnant and not-pregnant animals. The ROC analyses indicated that P4 was able to predict pregnancy since Day 5 (P < 0.05) although a more reliable result could be obtained from Day 8 (P < 0.01). At Day 10, it was possible to set a cutoff value for every parameter taken into account. The logistic regression analysis showed that pregnancy was positively influenced by P4 concentration (odds ratio 534.127; P < 0.01) and BFA (odds ratio 744.893; P < 0.01). In conclusion, the use of color Doppler ultrasonography, together with ImageJ, identified different patterns of BFA between pregnant and not-pregnant buffaloes starting from Day 8 post-TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Anglani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Zullo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cotticelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Fatone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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de Nicola D, Vinale F, Salzano A, d’Errico G, Vassetti A, D’Onofrio N, Balestrieri ML, Neglia G. Milk Metabolomics Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Early Prediction of Pregnancy in Buffaloes Having Undergone Artificial Insemination. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050758. [PMID: 32349376 PMCID: PMC7277816 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in buffaloes subjected to artificial insemination (AI). The study was carried out on 10 pregnant and 10 non-pregnant buffaloes that were synchronized by Ovsynch-Timed Artificial Insemination Program and have undergone the first AI. Furthermore, milk samples were individually collected ten days before AI (the start of the synchronization treatment), on the day of AI, day 7 and 18 after AI, and were analyzed by LC-MS. Statistical analysis was carried out by using Mass Profile Professional (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Metabolomic analysis revealed the presence of several metabolites differentially expressed between pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes. Among these, a total of five metabolites were identified by comparison with an online database and a standard compound as acetylcarnitine (3-Acetoxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate), arginine-succinic acid hydrate, 5'-O-{[3-({4-[(3aminopropyl)amino]butyl}amino)propyl]carbamoyl}-2'-deoxyadenosine, N-(1-Hydroxy-2-hexadecanyl)pentadecanamide, and N-[2,3-Bis(dodecyloxy)propyl]-L-lysinamide). Interestingly, acetylcarnitine was dominant in milk samples collected from non-pregnant buffaloes. The results obtained from milk metabolic profile and hierarchical clustering analysis revealed significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes, as well as in the metabolite expression. Overall, the findings indicate the potential of milk metabolomics as a powerful tool to identify biomarkers of early pregnancy in buffalo undergoing AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato de Nicola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.d.N.); (F.V.); (G.N.)
| | - Francesco Vinale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.d.N.); (F.V.); (G.N.)
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.d.N.); (F.V.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0812536215
| | - Giada d’Errico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy; (G.d.); (A.V.)
| | - Anastasia Vassetti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy; (G.d.); (A.V.)
| | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.d.N.); (F.V.); (G.N.)
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D'Occhio MJ, Ghuman SS, Neglia G, Della Valle G, Baruselli PS, Zicarelli L, Visintin JA, Sarkar M, Campanile G. Exogenous and endogenous factors in seasonality of reproduction in buffalo: A review. Theriogenology 2020; 150:186-192. [PMID: 32000994 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal breeding in buffalo is influenced by exogenous (photoperiod, climate, nutrition, management) and endogenous (hormones, genotype) factors. Buffalo are negatively photoperiodic and show a natural increase in fertility during decreasing day length. The hormone melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and has a fundamental role in photoperiodic time measurement within the brain. This drives annual cycles of gonadotropin secretion and gonadal function in buffaloes. Some melatonin is released into the systemic circulation and, together with peripherally produced melatonin, acts at somatic tissues. In the ovaries and testes of buffalo, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and scavenges oxygen free radicals to reduce both oxidative stress and apoptosis. This has beneficial effects on gametogenesis and steroidogenesis. Female buffalo treated with melatonin show an improved response to estrus synchronization protocols in out-of-season breeding. Melatonin acts through melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 and the gene for MT1 (MTNR1A) is polymorphic in buffaloes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gene MTNR1A have been associated with fertility in female buffalo. The knowledge and tools are available to lift the reproductive performance of buffalo. This is highly important as the global demand for nutritious buffalo food products has undergone a sharp rise, and continues to grow. Buffalo can make an important contribution to affordable, nutritious animal protein. This will help address global nutritional security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarvpreet S Ghuman
- Department of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luigi Zicarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - José A Visintin
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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22
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Neglia G, de Nicola D, Esposito L, Salzano A, D'Occhio MJ, Fatone G. Reproductive management in buffalo by artificial insemination. Theriogenology 2020; 150:166-172. [PMID: 31982156 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) is important for genetic improvement and to control the period of breeding in buffalo and has increased significantly over the past 20 years. AI is more difficult in buffalo compared with cattle due to variable estrous cycles, reduced estrous behavior, and reproductive seasonality. The latter is associated with a higher incidence of anestrus and increased embryonic mortality during the nonbreeding season. Protocols to control the stage of the estrous cycle have undergone recent development in buffalo. These protocols are based on the control of both the luteal phase of the cycle, mainly by prostaglandins and progesterone, and follicle development and ovulation, by prostaglandins, progesterone, GnRH, hCG, eCG and estradiol. Protocols that synchronize the time of ovulation enable fixed timed AI, avoiding estrous detection. Factors to consider when selecting an AI protocol include animal category (heifers, primiparous or pluriparous), reproductive status (cyclic or anestrus), and season. This review looks at the current status of estrus synchronization and AI in buffalo and provides some practical suggestions for application of AI in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, NA, Italy.
| | - Donato de Nicola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Luigi Esposito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Michael John D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gerardo Fatone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, NA, Italy
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23
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Jerome A, Bhati J, Mishra D, Chaturvedi K, Rao A, Rai A, Sikka P, Singh I. MicroRNA-related markers associated with corpus luteum tropism in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Genomics 2020; 112:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Gallelli MF, Bianchi C, Zampini E, Trasorras V, Gambarotta M, Miragaya M. Corpus luteum vascularization during the maternal recognition of pregnancy in llamas (Lama glama). Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 55:74-80. [PMID: 31737943 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize corpus luteum vascularization and its association with plasma progesterone concentration in early stages of pregnancy, when maternal recognition of pregnancy is expected to occur. In all animals, both plasma progesterone concentration and corpus luteum vascularization increased from Day 6 to Day 8 post-mating and afterwards in non-pregnant llamas they started to decrease to reach basal levels around Days 12 to 14 post-mating, while in pregnant animals, both variables remained elevated until the end of the study. A lineal positive relationship between corpus luteum vascularization and plasma progesterone concentration was observed in pregnant (r2 = .46, p < .0001) and non-pregnant llamas (r2 = .66, p < .0001). Pregnant animals showed higher plasma progesterone concentration and corpus luteum vascularization than the non-pregnant ones from Day 12 post-mating until the end of the study (p ˂ .05 and p ˂ .01, respectively). These results suggest that maternal recognition of pregnancy should occur before Day 12 post-mating in order to expand luteal lifespan, maintaining corpus luteum vascularization and progesterone production. Also, the assessment of CL vascularization area could be a useful and non-invasive method for early pregnancy diagnosis due to its association with plasma progesterone concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florencia Gallelli
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Bianchi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias, CIVETAN, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Enzo Zampini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Trasorras
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gambarotta
- Cátedra de Bioestadística, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Miragaya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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25
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Samir H, Kandiel MMM. Accuracy of subjective evaluation of luteal blood flow by color Doppler ultrasonography for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 208:106129. [PMID: 31405479 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of trans-rectal color Doppler ultrasonography for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo based on subjective assessment of luteal blood flow (LBF). After timed artificial insemination (TAI), a total of 112 pluriparous buffalo were subjectively evaluated for LBF and there were score scales or grades (I-IV) determined at different times (Days 6, 14, 17, 21) post-TAI. Another trans-rectal B-mode ultrasonography of the uterus was performed at Day 35 to confirm pregnancy diagnosis based on recognition of the positive signs of pregnancy. Retrospectively, the results of B-mode ultrasonography were compared to that of the subjective evaluations of LBF for determining accuracy values. Furthermore, serum progesterone (P4) concentrations were determined as an indicator of corpora lutea (CL) function. Results indicate 68 of 112 buffalo (60.7%) were diagnosed as pregnant. The accuracy value of the LBF subjective evaluation was significant (80.4%; P < 0.05) at Day 17, and there was the maximum accuracy (96.4%) at Day 21 post-TAI. The percentage of false diagnoses was less at Days 17 and 21 compared with Day 6 and 14 post-TAI. There was a significant matching value between P4 concentrations and scores for LBF on and after Day 17 post-insemination. In conclusion, subjective evaluation of LBF using color Doppler ultrasonography is considered an accurate technique for early detection of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo especially the non-pregnant animals as early as Day 17, with maximum accuracy at Day 21 post-TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M M Kandiel
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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26
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Characterization of circulating miRNA signature in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during Brucella abortus infection and evaluation as potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis in vaginal fluid. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1945. [PMID: 30760784 PMCID: PMC6374377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria from the Brucella genus that can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. Brucellosis also causes financial losses in animal production. Ruminants are highly susceptible to brucellosis, and the causative agent water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) is Brucella abortus. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are cropping up as promising biomarkers for several infectious diseases. The goals of this study were to characterize the serum miRNA signature associated with brucellosis in water buffaloes and investigate the miRNAs’ potential use as biomarkers in vaginal fluids. Next Generation Sequencing was used to assess miRNA expression profiles in Brucella-positive and Brucella-negative blood sera; dysregulated miRNAs in blood serum and vaginal fluids were validated using RT-qPCR. ROC curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic value of miRNAs for Brucella. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were exploited to investigate the biological functions of dysregulated miRNAs. The results showed that 20 miRNAs were modulated, of which, 12 were upregulated and 8 were downregulated. These findings were corroborated by RT-qPCR, and ROC curves indicated that the miRNAs can serve as potential biomarkers for Brucella. GO and KEGG pathway analyses pointed out that some of these miRNAs are related to immune response and apoptosis. These results provided an overview of miRNA expression profiles and highlighted potential biomarkers for Brucella infection in water buffaloes. We also demonstrated the potential of vaginal fluids in studies involving microRNA detection. Further functional and mechanistic studies of these miRNAs may improve our understanding of the biological processes involved in Brucella infection and host immune response.
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27
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Gasparrini B. Effects of reproductive season on embryo development in the buffalo. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:68-81. [PMID: 32188543 DOI: 10.1071/rd18315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in buffalo farming is increasing worldwide due to the critical role played by buffaloes as sources of animal protein in tropical and subtropical environments. However, reproductive seasonality negatively affects the profitability of buffalo farming. Buffaloes tend to be short-day breeders, with seasonality patterns increasing with greater distances from the Equator. Although ovarian cyclic activity may occur throughout the year, seasonal anoestrus and cycles in calving and milk production are recorded. When buffaloes are forced to mate during the unfavourable season, to meet market demand, they may undergo a higher incidence of embryo mortality. This review addresses the effects of the reproductive season on embryo development in the buffalo, analysing the different factors involved in determining embryo mortality during the unfavourable season, such as impaired luteal function, oocyte competence and sperm quality. The review then focuses on strategies to control the photoperiod-dependent annual fluctuations in conception and embryo mortality in the female buffalo.
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28
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Hassan M, Arshad U, Bilal M, Sattar A, Avais M, Bollwein H, Ahmad N. Luteal blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasonography during the first three weeks after artificial insemination in pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows. J Reprod Dev 2018; 65:29-36. [PMID: 30393273 PMCID: PMC6379759 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2018-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in luteal size (LS), progesterone (P4), and luteal blood flow (LBF) between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos
indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after insemination, and whether these parameters are related to each other. Lactating cows (n = 13) of mixed parity with a body
weight of 430 ± 18 kg (mean ± SD), showing regular estrous cycle were used in the study. All cows were artificially inseminated and were classified as pregnant (embryonic heartbeat on day
30; n = 8) or non-pregnant (inter-estrus interval 17 to 21 days, n = 5). In order to compare the LS and LBF after artificial insemination, B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography of ovaries
were performed on days 4, 5, 6, 7 (first week), 8, 10, 12, 14, (second week), and 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 (third week) in pregnant and non-pregnant cows. Results revealed that the mean LBF
was consistently higher (P < 0.05) during days 7 through 21 in pregnant cows than in non-pregnant cows. The mean LS was higher (P < 0.05) on days 6 and 7, and from day 17 onwards, and
the mean concentration of P4 was higher (P < 0.05) on days 19, 20, and 21 in pregnant cows. In conclusion, LBF is a more sensitive parameter than LS and P4 for detection of differences in
luteal function between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubbashar Hassan
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.,Present: Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Usman Arshad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Avais
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Neglia G, Capuano M, Balestrieri A, Cimmino R, Iannaccone F, Palumbo F, Presicce GA, Campanile G. Effect of consecutive re-synchronization protocols on pregnancy rate in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) heifers out of the breeding season. Theriogenology 2018; 113:120-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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MiR-29b affects the secretion of PROG and promotes the proliferation of bovine corpus luteum cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195562. [PMID: 29617446 PMCID: PMC5884578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory role of miRNAs has been explored in ovarian cells, and their effects on gonadal development, apoptosis, ovulation, steroid production and corpus luteum (CL) development have been revealed. In this study, we analyzed the expression of miR-29b at different stages of bovine CL development and predicted the target genes of miR-29b. We confirmed that miR-29b reduces the expression of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), affects progesterone (PROG) secretion and regulates the function of the CL. RT-PCR showed that the expression of miR-29b was significantly higher in functional CL phases than in the regressed CL phase. Immunohistochemistry showed that OXTR was expressed in both large and small CL cells and was mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of these cells. We analyzed the expression levels of OXTR and found that transfection with a miR-29b mimic decreased OXTR expression, but transfection with the inhibitor had a limited effect on the expression of the OXTR protein. At the same time, the secretion of PROG was significantly increased in the miR-29b mimic-transfected group. We also analyzed the effect of miR-29b on the apoptosis of CL cells. Finally, we found that miR-29b could promote the proliferation of bovine CL cells. In conclusion, we found that miR-29b reduces the expression of OXTR and can promote PROG secretion and the proliferation of CL cells via OXTR.
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31
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Mansour MM, Zeitoun MM, Hussein FM. Mastitis outcomes on pre-ovulatory follicle diameter, estradiol concentrations, subsequent luteal profiles and conception rate in Buffaloes. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 181:159-166. [PMID: 28442176 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study was to investigate the outcome of mastitis, in its clinical or subclinical forms, on the mean diameter of pre-ovulatory follicle (POF), plasma estradiol concentration on the day of estrus, subsequent luteal profile and subsequent conception rate in buffaloes. Sixty dairy buffalo (Bubalus bubalus) conducted in this study were divided into three groups {healthy (H), n=20; subclinical mastitis (SCM), n=18; and clinical mastitis (CM), n=22}. Ultrasonography of ovaries revealed that mean diameter of POF was larger (P<0.05) in H buffalo (14.35mm) compared to SCM (12.40mm) and CM (10.25mm). Also, plasma estradiol concentration on the day of estrus was higher (P<0.05) in H buffalo compared to SCM and CM counterparts; 34.95 vs. 32.87 and 27.50pg/ml, respectively. Besides, positive correlation was observed between the POF diameter with plasma estradiol concentration in H, SCM and CM buffaloes (r=0.64, 0.74, 0.72 respectively, P<0.05). Moreover, positive correlations (P<0.01) were found on days 9, 12, 16, and 21 post-ovulation between POF diameter and luteal profile. Thus, the conception rate in H buffalo was higher (P<0.05) compared with SCM and CM counterparts; 55% vs. 38.89 and 18.18%, respectively. In conclusion, mastitis in its clinical or subclinical forms disrupts the functioning of the pre-ovulatory follicle on the day of estrus, associated with low follicular estradiol production, resulting in suppression to subsequent luteal profile leading to substantial decrease in pregnancy consequence of buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohsen Mansour
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behirra, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa M Zeitoun
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buriedah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fekry M Hussein
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Ovulation synchronization with estradiol benzoate or GnRH in a timed artificial insemination protocol in buffalo cows and heifers during the nonbreeding season. Theriogenology 2017; 87:333-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mansour MM, Hendawy AO, Zeitoun MM. Effect of mastitis on luteal function and pregnancy rates in buffaloes. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1189-94. [PMID: 27177967 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mastitis on CL development and function and pregnancy rate in buffaloes. Sixty-six buffaloes (Bubalus bubalus) reared in a commercial farm at El-Beheira governorate, north of Egypt were used in this study. According to the visual observation of milk, physical examination of the udder and actual somatic cell count in milk, buffalo cows were divided into three groups: without mastitis (W), n = 23; subclinical mastitis (SC), n = 18; and clinical mastitis (C), n = 25. All buffalo cows were synchronized by double dose of PGF2α (11-day interval) and inseminated by frozen-thawed semen of fertile bull. Mean CL diameter was ultrasonically examined on Days 5, 9, 12, 16, 21, and 25 after artificial insemination (AI). Blood samples were taken on the days of ultrasonography for progesterone (P4) assay. Results indicated that pregnancy rates were lower (P < 0.05) in C (28.00%) and SC (55.56%) compared with W (69.57%) on Day 25 after first AI. Pregnancy rates reduced to 60.87%, 44.45%, and 16.00% in W, SC, and C, respectively, at Day 45 after insemination. Thus, the embryonic loss was 8.7%, 11.11%, and 12.00 % in W, SC, and C cows, respectively. Pregnancy rates decreased between 44.32% and 50.51% when mastitis occurred during Day -15 before to Day +30 after AI, compared with 59.22% in the uninfected cows. The diameter of CL was greater (P < 0.05) in W than SC and C cows starting at Day 9 postbreeding onward. Likewise, P4 concentrations on Days 9 through 25 after AI were greater (P < 0.05) in W cows as compared to SC and C cows. Positive correlations (P < 0.01) were found on Days 5, 9, 12, 16, 21, and 25 after AI between CL diameter and P4 concentrations. Similar trend was found among CL diameter, P4 concentrations, and pregnancy rate. Accordingly, incidence of mastitis revealed suppression to both CL diameter and function leading to significant reduction in pregnancy outcome of buffalo cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohsen Mansour
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behirra, Egypt.
| | - Amin O Hendawy
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behirra, Egypt
| | - Moustafa M Zeitoun
- Department of Animal production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buriedah, Saudi Arabia
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Manipulation of reproductive performance of lactating buffaloes using melatonin and controlled internal drug release device treatment during out-of-breeding season under tropical conditions. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1048-1053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Campanile G, Neglia G, D'Occhio MJ. Embryonic and fetal mortality in river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2016; 86:207-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Abu-Seida AM. Current Status and Prospect of Ultrasonographic Application in Buffaloes. ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND VETERINARY ADVANCES 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2016.144.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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37
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Effect of timing of insemination after CIDR removal with or without GnRH on pregnancy rates in Nili-Ravi buffalo. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 163:24-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Monteiro BM, de Souza DC, Vasconcellos GSFM, Corrêa TB, Vecchio D, de Sá Filho MF, de Carvalho NAT, Baruselli PS. Ovarian responses of dairy buffalo cows to timed artificial insemination protocol, using new or used progesterone devices, during the breeding season (autumn-winter). Anim Sci J 2015; 87:13-20. [PMID: 26032478 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of new or used P4 devices on the ovarian responses of dairy buffalo that were administered an estradiol (E2) plus progesterone (P4)-based timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol during the breeding season. On the first day of the TAI protocol, 142 cows were randomly assigned to receive one of the following: a new device (New; 1.0 g of P4; n = 48); a device that had previously been used for 9 days (Used1x, n = 47); or a device that had previously been used for 18 days (Used2x, n = 47). Ultrasound was used to evaluate the following: the presence of a corpus luteum (CL); the diameter of the dominant follicle (ØDF) during protocol; ovulatory response; and pregnancies per AI (P/AI). Despite similar responses among the treatments, there was a significant positive association of the ØDF during TAI protocol with ovulatory responses and number of pregnancies. In conclusion, satisfactory ovarian responses and a satisfactory pregnancy rate were achieved when grazing dairy buffalo were subjected to the TAI protocol in breeding season, independent of whether a new or used P4 device was used. Furthermore, the presence of the larger follicle was associated with a higher ovulation rate and higher P/AI following TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Moura Monteiro
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Cavalcante de Souza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Rural Development Office, Registro, Brazil
| | | | - Thalita Bueno Corrêa
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Domenico Vecchio
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manoel Francisco de Sá Filho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Neglia G, Restucci B, Russo M, Vecchio D, Gasparrini B, Prandi A, Di Palo R, D'Occhio MJ, Campanile G. Early development and function of the corpus luteum and relationship to pregnancy in the buffalo. Theriogenology 2015; 83:959-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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40
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Pugliesi G, Miagawa BT, Paiva YN, França MR, Silva LA, Binelli M. Conceptus-induced changes in the gene expression of blood immune cells and the ultrasound-accessed luteal function in beef cattle: how early can we detect pregnancy? Biol Reprod 2014; 91:95. [PMID: 25210129 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify the functional characteristics of the corpus luteum (CL) by color Doppler ultrasonography and changes in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during early pregnancy in beef cows. We then aimed to use these features to establish earlier pregnancy diagnosis methods. In experiment 1, the CL size and blood flow were accessed by Doppler ultrasonography, and the PBMCs were isolated on Days 8, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30, 45, and 60 post-timed artificial insemination (TAI) from pregnant (n = 10) and nonpregnant cows (n = 12). The abundance of ISG (OAS1, MX1, MX2, and ISG15) transcripts was measured by quantitative PCR. Analyses of OAS1 and MX2 expression in isolated PBMCs (ISG-PBMC method) and Doppler imaging of CL (Doppler-US method) were performed to test the accuracy of these methods for the diagnosis of pregnancy on Day 20 post-TAI (n = 110; experiment 2). In experiment 1, the luteal volume and blood flow were reduced in nonpregnant cows during the first weeks post-TAI, but an evaluation of CL vascularization and size was efficient in identifying nonpregnant cows on Day 20 post-TAI. The expression of ISGs in PBMCs can be stimulated by the presence of a viable conceptus between Days 15 and 22 post-TAI, and the expression of these genes reaches a peak on Day 20. In experiment 2, the Doppler-US and ISG-PBMC methods resulted in similar specificity (85.5 and 87.7%, respectively). However, only the Doppler-US method resulted in 100% sensitivity. In conclusion, the greatest abundance of ISGs in PBMCs and a high detection of luteolysis by Doppler imaging on Day 20 post-TAI can be feasibly used for the earlier detection of nonpregnant cows in reproductive programs. The level of accuracy for our described pregnancy methods is high on Day 20 (80%-91%), but only the Doppler imaging method results in an absence of false-negative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil Laboratory of Theriogenology Dr. O.J. Ginther, Department of Veterinary, School of Animal and Food Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna T Miagawa
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yasmin N Paiva
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Moana R França
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano A Silva
- Laboratory of Theriogenology Dr. O.J. Ginther, Department of Veterinary, School of Animal and Food Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rossi P, Vecchio D, Neglia G, Di Palo R, Gasparrini B, D’Occhio MJ, Campanile G. Seasonal fluctuations in the response of Italian Mediterranean buffaloes to synchronization of ovulation and timed artificial insemination. Theriogenology 2014; 82:132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Strazzullo M, Gasparrini B, Neglia G, Balestrieri ML, Francioso R, Rossetti C, Nassa G, De Filippo MR, Weisz A, Di Francesco S, Vecchio D, D'Esposito M, D'Occhio MJ, Zicarelli L, Campanile G. Global transcriptome profiles of Italian Mediterranean buffalo embryos with normal and retarded growth. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90027. [PMID: 24587197 PMCID: PMC3938533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome profiles were compared for buffalo embryos with normal growth and embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating. Embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating have a reduced likelihood of undergoing attachment to the uterine endometrium and establishing a pregnancy. Italian Mediterranean buffaloes were mated by AI and on Day 25 underwent trans-rectal ultrasonography to ascertain embryo development. Embryos with an embryonic width (EW)>2.7 mm were classed as normal embryos and embryos with an EW<2.7 mm were classed as retarded embryos. Three buffaloes with embryos of the largest EW (3.7, 3.7 and 3.9 mm) and three buffaloes with embryos of the smallest EW (1.5, 1.6 and 1.9 mm) were slaughtered on Day 27 to recover embryos for transcriptome analysis using a bovine custom designed oligo array. A total of 1,047 transcripts were differentially expressed between embryos with normal growth and embryos with retarded growth. Retarded embryos showed 773/1,047 (74%) transcripts that were down-regulated and 274/1,047 (26%) transcripts that were up-regulated relative to normal embryos; in silico analyses focused on 680/1,047 (65%) of the differentially expressed transcripts. The most altered transcripts observed in retarded embryos were associated with membrane structure and function and with metabolic and homeostasis maintenance functions. Other notable functions altered in retarded embryos were developmental processes and in particular nervous system differentiation and function. Specific biochemical pathways such as the complement cascade and coagulation were also altered in retarded embryos. It was concluded from the findings that buffalo embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating show altered gene expression compared with normal embryos, and some de-regulated functions are associated with attachment to the uterine endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strazzullo
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Gasparrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Romina Francioso
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ABT, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristina Rossetti
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Serena Di Francesco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Vecchio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ABT, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Michael John D'Occhio
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Luigi Zicarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Jacomini JO, Macedo GG, de Carvalho NAT, de Sousa Sales JN, Baruselli PS. LH surge in response to the treatment with GnRH analog or estradiol in ovariectomized buffaloes with or without progesterone pre-exposition. Livest Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Cellular and functional characterization of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) corpus luteum during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 140:138-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Balestrieri ML, Gasparrini B, Neglia G, Vecchio D, Strazzullo M, Giovane A, Servillo L, Zicarelli L, D'Occhio MJ, Campanile G. Proteomic Profiles of the Embryonic Chorioamnion and Uterine Caruncles in Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with Normal and Retarded Embryonic Development1. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:119. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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46
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Campanile G, Vecchio D, Neglia G, Bella A, Prandi A, Senatore EM, Gasparrini B, Presicce GA. Effect of season, late embryonic mortality and progesterone production on pregnancy rates in pluriparous buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) after artificial insemination with sexed semen. Theriogenology 2013; 79:653-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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47
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Carvalho N, Soares J, Porto Filho R, Gimenes L, Souza D, Nichi M, Sales J, Baruselli P. Equine chorionic gonadotropin improves the efficacy of a timed artificial insemination protocol in buffalo during the nonbreeding season. Theriogenology 2013; 79:423-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Di Francesco S, Neglia G, Vecchio D, Rossi P, Russo M, Zicarelli L, D'Occhio MJ, Campanile G. Influence of season on corpus luteum structure and function and AI outcome in the Italian Mediterranean buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2012; 78:1839-45. [PMID: 22979961 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to ascertain whether relationships between corpus luteum (CL) vascularization, CL function, and pregnancy outcome in AI in buffaloes were consistent across the breeding season and transition period to the nonbreeding season in a Mediterranean environment. Stage of the estrous cycle in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes was synchronized using the Ovsynch with timed AI program and buffaloes were mated by AI in both the breeding season (N = 131) and transition period (N = 125). Detailed investigation of CL structure and function was undertaken in 39 buffaloes at each of the respective times using realtime B-mode/color-Doppler ultrasonography on Days 10 and 20 after AI. Progesterone (P4) concentrations were determined by RIA in all buffaloes. Pregnancy rate on Day 45 after AI was greater (P < 0.05) during the breeding season (58.0%) than the transitional period (45.6%) and this was primarily the result of a lower (P < 0.05) late embryonic mortality during the breeding season (7.3%) compared with the transition period (23%). Circulating concentrations of P4 on Days 10 and 20 after AI were greater (P < 0.01) during the breeding season (4.6 ± 0.3 and 3.4 ± 0.2, respectively) than during the transition period (1.6 ± 0.12 and 1.8 ± 0.2, respectively), and this was independent of reproductive status as there was no interaction between pregnancy and season. Corpus luteum time average medium velocity at Day 10 after AI was greater (P < 0.01) during the breeding season (19.3 ± 1.5) than in the transitional period (8.3 ± 0.7). There were positive correlations in pregnant buffaloes between CL time average medium velocity and P4 concentrations on Day 10 (r = 0.722; P < 0.01) and Day 20 (r = 0.446; P < 0.01) after AI. The findings were interpreted to indicate that relationships between CL vascularization, CL function, and pregnancy outcome in AI in buffaloes are consistent across the breeding season and transition period to the nonbreeding season. The distinction between the breeding season and the transition period is the relatively low proportion of buffaloes that have CL function and P4 concentrations required to establish a pregnancy during the transition period, which is manifested in a greater incidence of embryonic mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Di Francesco
- DISCIZIA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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