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Matsuya S, Fujino K, Imai H, Kusakabe KT, Fujii W, Kano K. Establishment of African pygmy mouse induced pluripotent stem cells using defined doxycycline inducible transcription factors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3204. [PMID: 38331995 PMCID: PMC10853177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mus minutoides is one of the smallest mammals worldwide; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying its dwarfism have not been examined. Therefore, we aimed to establish M. minutoides induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using the PiggyBac transposon system for applications in developmental engineering. The established M. minutoides iPSCs were found to express pluripotency markers and could differentiate into neurons. Based on in vitro differentiation analysis, M. minutoides iPSCs formed embryoid bodies expressing marker genes in all three germ layers. Moreover, according to the in vivo analysis, these cells contributed to the formation of teratoma and development of chimeric mice with Mus musculus. Overall, the M. minutoides iPSCs generated in this study possess properties that are comparable to or closely resemble those of naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). These findings suggest these iPSCs have potential utility in various analytical applications, including methods for blastocyst completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumito Matsuya
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kaoru Fujino
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi Prefecture, 7538511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ken Takeshi Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Kano
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi Prefecture, 7538511, Japan.
- Research Institute for Cell Design Medical Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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2
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Li S, Vazquez JM, Sudmant PH. The evolution of aging and lifespan. Trends Genet 2023; 39:830-843. [PMID: 37714733 PMCID: PMC11147682 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a nearly inescapable trait among organisms yet lifespan varies tremendously across different species and spans several orders of magnitude in vertebrates alone. This vast phenotypic diversity is driven by distinct evolutionary trajectories and tradeoffs that are reflected in patterns of diversification and constraint in organismal genomes. Age-specific impacts of selection also shape allele frequencies in populations, thus impacting disease susceptibility and environment-specific mortality risk. Further, the mutational processes that spawn this genetic diversity in both germline and somatic cells are strongly influenced by age and life history. We discuss recent advances in our understanding of the evolution of aging and lifespan at organismal, population, and cellular scales, and highlight outstanding questions that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Li
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA. USA
| | - Juan Manuel Vazquez
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Peter H Sudmant
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA. USA.
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3
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Qin Y, Li C, Gao X, Wu Y, Guo Z, Gao F, Yu D, Wu S, Du X. Derivation of transgene-free bat induced pluripotent stem cells amenable to chimera formation in mice, pigs, and chicks. Cell Discov 2023; 9:91. [PMID: 37669932 PMCID: PMC10480176 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zihang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
- National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Sen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan, China.
| | - Xuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan, China.
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4
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Swegen A, Appeltant R, Williams SA. Cloning in action: can embryo splitting, induced pluripotency and somatic cell nuclear transfer contribute to endangered species conservation? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1225-1249. [PMID: 37016502 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The term 'cloning' refers to the production of genetically identical individuals but has meant different things throughout the history of science: a natural means of reproduction in bacteria, a routine procedure in horticulture, and an ever-evolving gamut of molecular technologies in vertebrates. Mammalian cloning can be achieved through embryo splitting, somatic cell nuclear transfer, and most recently, by the use of induced pluripotent stem cells. Several emerging biotechnologies also facilitate the propagation of genomes from one generation to the next whilst bypassing the conventional reproductive processes. In this review, we examine the state of the art of available cloning technologies and their progress in species other than humans and rodent models, in order to provide a critical overview of their readiness and relevance for application in endangered animal conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleona Swegen
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ruth Appeltant
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Gamete Research Centre, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Suzannah A Williams
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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5
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Déjosez M, Marin A, Hughes GM, Morales AE, Godoy-Parejo C, Gray JL, Qin Y, Singh AA, Xu H, Juste J, Ibáñez C, White KM, Rosales R, Francoeur NJ, Sebra RP, Alcock D, Volkert TL, Puechmaille SJ, Pastusiak A, Frost SDW, Hiller M, Young RA, Teeling EC, García-Sastre A, Zwaka TP. Bat pluripotent stem cells reveal unusual entanglement between host and viruses. Cell 2023; 186:957-974.e28. [PMID: 36812912 PMCID: PMC10085545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Bats are distinctive among mammals due to their ability to fly, use laryngeal echolocation, and tolerate viruses. However, there are currently no reliable cellular models for studying bat biology or their response to viral infections. Here, we created induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two species of bats: the wild greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) and the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis). The iPSCs from both bat species showed similar characteristics and had a gene expression profile resembling that of cells attacked by viruses. They also had a high number of endogenous viral sequences, particularly retroviruses. These results suggest that bats have evolved mechanisms to tolerate a large load of viral sequences and may have a more intertwined relationship with viruses than previously thought. Further study of bat iPSCs and their differentiated progeny will provide insights into bat biology, virus host relationships, and the molecular basis of bats' special traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Déjosez
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Paratus Sciences, 430 East 29th Street, Suite 600, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Arturo Marin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Graham M Hughes
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ariadna E Morales
- Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carlos Godoy-Parejo
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA
| | - Jonathan L Gray
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA
| | - Yiren Qin
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA
| | - Arun A Singh
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA
| | - Javier Juste
- Estación biológica de doñana (CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Seville 41092, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Ibáñez
- Estación biológica de doñana (CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Kris M White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Romel Rosales
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Robert P Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn Institute for Genomics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Alcock
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas L Volkert
- Paratus Sciences, 430 East 29th Street, Suite 600, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Andrzej Pastusiak
- Microsoft Premonition, Microsoft Building 99, 14820 NE 36th Street, Redmond, WA 98052, USA
| | - Simon D W Frost
- Microsoft Premonition, Microsoft Building 99, 14820 NE 36th Street, Redmond, WA 98052, USA; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Michael Hiller
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany; Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Richard A Young
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Emma C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Thomas P Zwaka
- Huffington Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10502, USA; Paratus Sciences, 430 East 29th Street, Suite 600, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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6
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Bolton RL, Mooney A, Pettit MT, Bolton AE, Morgan L, Drake GJ, Appeltant R, Walker SL, Gillis JD, Hvilsom C. Resurrecting biodiversity: advanced assisted reproductive technologies and biobanking. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2022; 3:R121-R146. [PMID: 35928671 PMCID: PMC9346332 DOI: 10.1530/raf-22-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity is defined as the presence of a variety of living organisms on the Earth that is essential for human survival. However, anthropogenic activities are causing the sixth mass extinction, threatening even our own species. For many animals, dwindling numbers are becoming fragmented populations with low genetic diversity, threatening long-term species viability. With extinction rates 1000–10,000 times greater than natural, ex situ and in situ conservation programmes need additional support to save species. The indefinite storage of cryopreserved (−196°C) viable cells and tissues (cryobanking), followed by assisted or advanced assisted reproductive technology (ART: utilisation of oocytes and spermatozoa to generate offspring; aART: utilisation of somatic cell genetic material to generate offspring), may be the only hope for species’ long-term survival. As such, cryobanking should be considered a necessity for all future conservation strategies. Following cryopreservation, ART/aART can be used to reinstate lost genetics back into a population, resurrecting biodiversity. However, for this to be successful, species-specific protocol optimisation and increased knowledge of basic biology for many taxa are required. Current ART/aART is primarily focused on mammalian taxa; however, this needs to be extended to all, including to some of the most endangered species: amphibians. Gamete, reproductive tissue and somatic cell cryobanking can fill the gap between losing genetic diversity today and future technological developments. This review explores species prioritisation for cryobanking and the successes and challenges of cryopreservation and multiple ARTs/aARTs. We here discuss the value of cryobanking before more species are lost and the potential of advanced reproductive technologies not only to halt but also to reverse biodiversity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon L Bolton
- Nature’s SAFE, Chapel Field Stud, Ash Lane, Whitchurch, Shropshire, UK
| | | | - Matt T Pettit
- Nature’s SAFE, Chapel Field Stud, Ash Lane, Whitchurch, Shropshire, UK
- IMT International Limited, Tattenhall, Chester, UK
| | - Anthony E Bolton
- Nature’s SAFE, Chapel Field Stud, Ash Lane, Whitchurch, Shropshire, UK
| | - Lucy Morgan
- Gemini Genetics, Chapel Field Stud, Ash Lane, Whitchurch, UK
| | | | - Ruth Appeltant
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women’s Centre, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan L Walker
- Nature’s SAFE, Chapel Field Stud, Ash Lane, Whitchurch, Shropshire, UK
- Chester Zoo, Upton-by-Chester, UK
| | - James D Gillis
- South-East Zoo Alliance for Reproduction & Conservation, Yulee, Florida, USA
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Exploring the Role of Innate Lymphocytes in the Immune System of Bats and Virus-Host Interactions. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010150. [PMID: 35062356 PMCID: PMC8781337 DOI: 10.3390/v14010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats are reservoirs of a large number of viruses of global public health significance, including the ancestral virus for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although bats are natural carriers of multiple pathogenic viruses, they rarely display signs of disease. Recent insights suggest that bats have a more balanced host defense and tolerance system to viral infections that may be linked to the evolutionary adaptation to powered flight. Therefore, a deeper understanding of bat immune system may provide intervention strategies to prevent zoonotic disease transmission and to identify new therapeutic targets. Similar to other eutherian mammals, bats have both innate and adaptive immune systems that have evolved to detect and respond to invading pathogens. Bridging these two systems are innate lymphocytes, which are highly abundant within circulation and barrier tissues. These cells share the characteristics of both innate and adaptive immune cells and are poised to mount rapid effector responses. They are ideally suited as the first line of defense against early stages of viral infections. Here, we will focus on the current knowledge of innate lymphocytes in bats, their function, and their potential role in host–pathogen interactions. Moreover, given that studies into bat immune systems are often hindered by a lack of bat-specific research tools, we will discuss strategies that may aid future research in bat immunity, including the potential use of organoid models to delineate the interplay between innate lymphocytes, bat viruses, and host tolerance.
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Endo Y, Kamei KI, Inoue-Murayama M. Genetic Signatures of Evolution of the Pluripotency Gene Regulating Network across Mammals. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:1806-1818. [PMID: 32780791 PMCID: PMC7643368 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have distinct molecular and biological characteristics among species, but to date we lack a comprehensive understanding of regulatory network evolution in mammals. Here, we carried out a comparative genetic analysis of 134 genes constituting the pluripotency gene regulatory network across 48 mammalian species covering all the major taxonomic groups. We report that mammalian genes in the pluripotency regulatory network show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis, suggesting the conservation of fundamental biological process of mammalian PSCs across species. Nevertheless, despite the overall conservation of the regulatory network, we discovered rapid evolution of the downstream targets of the core regulatory elements and specific amino acid residues that have undergone positive selection. Our data indicate development of lineage-specific pluripotency regulating networks that may explain observed variations in some characteristics of mammalian PSCs. We further revealed that positively selected genes could be associated with species' unique adaptive characteristics that were not dedicated to regulation of PSCs. These results provide important insight into the evolution of the pluripotency gene regulatory network underlying variations in characteristics of mammalian PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken-ichiro Kamei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Miho Inoue-Murayama
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Japan
- Wildlife Genome Collaborative Research Group, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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9
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Kumar D, Anand T, Talluri TR, Kues WA. Potential of transposon-mediated cellular reprogramming towards cell-based therapies. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:527-544. [PMID: 32843912 PMCID: PMC7415244 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells present a seminal discovery in cell biology and promise to support innovative treatments of so far incurable diseases. To translate iPS technology into clinical trials, the safety and stability of these reprogrammed cells needs to be shown. In recent years, different non-viral transposon systems have been developed for the induction of cellular pluripotency, and for the directed differentiation into desired cell types. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art of different transposon systems in iPS-based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Taruna Anand
- NCVTC, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Thirumala R Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner 334001, India
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Mariensee 31535, Germany
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10
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Pessôa LVDF, Bressan FF, Freude KK. Induced pluripotent stem cells throughout the animal kingdom: Availability and applications. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:491-505. [PMID: 31523369 PMCID: PMC6716087 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Up until the mid 2000s, the capacity to generate every cell of an organism was exclusive to embryonic stem cells. In 2006, researchers Takahashi and Yamanaka developed an alternative method of generating embryonic-like stem cells from adult cells, which they coined induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Such iPSCs possess most of the advantages of embryonic stem cells without the ethical stigma associated with derivation of the latter. The possibility of generating “custom-made” pluripotent cells, ideal for patient-specific disease models, alongside their possible applications in regenerative medicine and reproduction, has drawn a lot of attention to the field with numbers of iPSC studies published growing exponentially. IPSCs have now been generated for a wide variety of species, including but not limited to, mouse, human, primate, wild felines, bovines, equines, birds and rodents, some of which still lack well-established embryonic stem cell lines. The paucity of robust characterization of some of these iPSC lines as well as the residual expression of transgenes involved in the reprogramming process still hampers the use of such cells in species preservation or medical research, underscoring the requirement for further investigations. Here, we provide an extensive overview of iPSC generated from a broad range of animal species including their potential applications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kristine Karla Freude
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
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11
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Kumar D, Anand T, Vijayalakshmy K, Sharma P, Rajendran R, Selokar NL, Yadav PS, Kumar D. Transposon mediated reprogramming of buffalo fetal fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells in feeder free culture conditions. Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:252-260. [PMID: 30703616 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Commonly, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated by viral transduction of four core reprogramming genes, but recent evidences suggest that slightly different combination of transcription factors improve the efficiency and quality of generated iPS cells. However, vectors like retro- and lentiviral may cause insertional mutagenesis due to its integrating ability. Hence, alternate methods with safety concerns are needed to be investigated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to reprogram buffalo fibroblasts using non-viral piggyBac (PB) transposon mediated transfer of six transcription factors. To generate buffalo iPS cells, fibroblasts were isolated from buffalo fetus at passage 2. The cells were co-electroporated with a PB transposon having CAGGS promoter driven cassette of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc, Nanog, and Lin28 transcription factors separated by self-cleaving 2A peptide and a helper plasmid pCMV-PB transposase. After 12-14 days post electroporation, fibroblast cells morphology was observed to change to round structures which formed loose aggregates of cells on day 18. Putative iPS cell colonies were propagated in feeder free system and characterized through expression of pluripotency markers such as alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, SSEA-5, TRA-1-81, Oct4, Nanog and Sox2 and endogenous genes supported the stemness property of the generated cells. These cells differentiated in vitro to form embryoid bodies and were found to express three germ layers markers. In conclusion, generation of buffalo iPS cells using transposon system provides insights into viral-free iPS technology which will facilitate genetic modification of the buffalo genome and help in the production of transgenic animals using genetically modified iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Taruna Anand
- NCVTC, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Kennady Vijayalakshmy
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Papori Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Rasika Rajendran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - P S Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffalo, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India.
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12
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Lee SG, Mikhalchenko AE, Yim SH, Lobanov AV, Park JK, Choi KH, Bronson RT, Lee CK, Park TJ, Gladyshev VN. Naked Mole Rat Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Contribution to Interspecific Chimera. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:1706-1720. [PMID: 29107591 PMCID: PMC5829328 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Naked mole rats (NMRs) are exceptionally long-lived, cancer-resistant rodents. Identifying the defining characteristics of these traits may shed light on aging and cancer mechanisms. Here, we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from NMR fibroblasts and their contribution to mouse-NMR chimeric embryos. Efficient reprogramming could be observed under N2B27+2i conditions. The iPSCs displayed a characteristic morphology, expressed pluripotent markers, formed embryoid bodies, and showed typical differentiation patterns. Interestingly, NMR embryonic fibroblasts and the derived iPSCs had propensity for a tetraploid karyotype and were resistant to forming teratomas, but within mouse blastocysts they contributed to both interspecific placenta and fetus. Gene expression patterns of NMR iPSCs were more similar to those of human than mouse iPSCs. Overall, we uncovered unique features of NMR iPSCs and report a mouse-NMR chimeric model. The iPSCs and associated cell culture systems can be used for a variety of biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Goo Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aleksei E Mikhalchenko
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Data-Intensive Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143028, Russia
| | - Sun Hee Yim
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexei V Lobanov
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Rodent Histopathology Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea; Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do 232-916, Korea
| | - Thomas J Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Rawat N, Singh MK. Induced pluripotent stem cell: A headway in reprogramming with promising approach in regenerative biology. Vet World 2017; 10:640-649. [PMID: 28717316 PMCID: PMC5499081 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.640-649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the embryonic stem cells have knocked the doorsteps, they have proved themselves in the field of science, research, and medicines, but the hovered restrictions confine their application in human welfare. Alternate approaches used to reprogram the cells to the pluripotent state were not up to par, but the innovation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) paved a new hope for the researchers. Soon after the discovery, iPSCs technology is undergoing renaissance day by day, i.e., from the use of genetic material to recombinant proteins and now only chemicals are employed to convert somatic cells to iPSCs. Thus, this technique is moving straightforward and productive at an astonishing pace. Here, we provide a brief introduction to iPSCs, the mechanism and methods for their generation, their prevailing and prospective applications and the future opportunities that can be expected from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rawat
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - M K Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
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14
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Wu Y, Li O, He C, Li Y, Li M, Liu XL, Wang Y, He Y. Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells from guinea pig fetal fibroblasts. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3690-3698. [PMID: 28393187 PMCID: PMC5436227 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) represent an important tool to develop disease-modeling assays, drug testing assays and cell-based replacement therapies. The application of iPS in these fields requires the development of suitable animal models. Of the suitable species, guinea pigs are particularly important and offer significant advantages. Successful iPS generation has been accomplished in a number of species; however, it has not been reported in the guinea pig. The present study successfully generated iPS from guinea pigs (giPS) using single polycistronic virus transduction with mouse octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2), Kruppel-like factor 4 and c-Myc. The giPS cell lines were cultured in media containing leukemia inhibitory factor and guinea pig fibroblast cells were used as feeder cells. These cultures were expanded under feeder-free culture conditions using ESGRO Complete Plus Clonal Grade medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum on gelatin-coated dishes. The resultant cells had a normal karyotype, exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed the pluripotency markers Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. The cells differentiated in vivo to form teratomas that contained all three germ layers of the tissue cells. The generation of giPS may facilitate future studies investigating the mechanisms underlying innate immunity, particularly for tuberculosis. These experiments provide proof of principle that iPS technology may be adapted to use the guinea pig as a model of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci‑Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Ouyang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci‑Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Chengwen He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Yujiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci‑Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
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15
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Kumar D, Talluri TR, Anand T, Kues WA. Induced pluripotent stem cells: Mechanisms, achievements and perspectives in farm animals. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:315-328. [PMID: 25815117 PMCID: PMC4369489 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are unspecialized cells with unlimited self-renewal, and they can be triggered to differentiate into desired specialized cell types. These features provide the basis for an unlimited cell source for innovative cell therapies. Pluripotent cells also allow to study developmental pathways, and to employ them or their differentiated cell derivatives in pharmaceutical testing and biotechnological applications. Via blastocyst complementation, pluripotent cells are a favoured tool for the generation of genetically modified mice. The recently established technology to generate an induced pluripotency status by ectopic co-expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc allows to extending these applications to farm animal species, for which the derivation of genuine embryonic stem cells was not successful so far. Most induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated by retroviral or lentiviral transduction of reprogramming factors. Multiple viral integrations into the genome may cause insertional mutagenesis and may increase the risk of tumour formation. Non-integration methods have been reported to overcome the safety concerns associated with retro and lentiviral-derived iPS cells, such as transient expression of the reprogramming factors using episomal plasmids, and direct delivery of reprogramming mRNAs or proteins. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of cellular reprogramming and current methods used to induce pluripotency. We also highlight problems associated with the generation of iPS cells. An increased understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying pluripotency and refining the methodology of iPS cell generation will have a profound impact on future development and application in regenerative medicine and reproductive biotechnology of farm animals.
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Sheng JD, Lei L, Wang AP. Role of Lin28A/B subtypes in apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:3891-3897. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i26.3891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the role of Lin28A/B subtypes in apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and to analyze the mechanism of action of Lin28A/B in tumorigenesis of HCC.
METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression of Lin28A/B in HCC cells was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. After siRNAs targeting Lin28A/B were transfected into HCC cells, the expression of Lin28A/B was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by FACS.
RESULTS: Real-time PCR showed that the expression of Lin28A/B mRNAs was up-regulated in HCC cells (P < 0.05; P < 0.01), and the up-regulation of Lin28B was more significant than that of Lin28A. Transfection of Lin28A/B siRNAs decreased the expression of Lin28A/B in HCC cells (P < 0.05). MTT assay revealed that Lin28A and Lin28B siRNAs significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) and promoted cell apoptosis (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). The effect of Lin28B siRNA on cell proliferation and apoptosis was stronger than that of Lin28A siRNA (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Both Lin28A/B take part in the tumorigenesis of HCC. Lin28B may play a major role in HCC tumorigenesis, while Lin28A may play a subordinate role.
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