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Sirotkin AV, Fabová Z, Loncová B, Bauerová M, Harrath AH. The adipokines progranulin and omentin can directly regulate feline ovarian granulosa cell functions. Res Vet Sci 2024; 175:105321. [PMID: 38843689 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the adipokines progranulin and omentin on the basic functions of feline ovarian cells. For this purpose, we investigated the effects of the addition of progranulin and omentin (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 ng/ml) on the proliferation (accumulation of PCNA and cyclin B1), apoptosis (accumulation of Bax and caspase 3) and progesterone release of cultured feline ovarian granulosa cells by quantitative immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Both progranulin and omentin increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Both progranulin and omentin promoted progesterone release. The present findings demonstrate that the adipokines progranulin and omentin can directly regulate basic feline ovarian cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sirotkin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Fabová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Loncová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Maria Bauerová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Perego MC, Spicer LJ, Cortinovis C, Bertero A, Caloni F. In vitro effects of two environmental toxicants, beauvericin and glyphosate in Roundup, on cell numbers and steroidogenesis of bovine ovarian cells. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1769-1778. [PMID: 38558370 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Beauvericin is an emerging Fusariotoxin naturally occurring in cereal grains throughout the world whereas glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine) is a non-selective systemic herbicide used worldwide. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a newly developed ovarian cell culture system (that includes both granulosa and theca cells) as an in vitro model for toxicological studies. Specifically, the effects of beauvericin and glyphosate in formulation with Roundup on ovarian cell numbers and steroid production were evaluated. Ovaries collected from cattle without luteal structures were sliced into 30-70 pieces each, and granulosa and theca cells were collected. Harvested cells were cultured for 48 h in 10% fetal bovine serum-containing medium followed by 48 h in serum-free medium containing testosterone (500 ng/mL; as an estrogen precursor) with the following eight treatments: (1) controls, (2) FSH (30 ng/mL) alone, (3) FSH plus insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1; 30 ng/mL), (4) FSH plus IGF1 plus beauvericin (3 µM), (5) FSH plus IGF1 plus glyphosate in Roundup (10 µg/mL), (6) FSH plus IGF1 plus fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9, 30 ng/mL), (7) a negative control without added testosterone, and (8) IGF1 plus LH (30 ng/mL) with basal medium without added testosterone. In the presence of FSH, IGF1 significantly increased cell numbers, estradiol and progesterone production by severalfold. Glyphosate in Roundup formulation significantly inhibited IGF1-induced cell numbers and estradiol and progesterone production by 89-94%. Beauvericin inhibited IGF1-induced cell numbers and estradiol and progesterone by 50-97% production. LH plus IGF1 significantly increased androstenedione secretion compared with controls without added testosterone indicating the presence of theca cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that toxicological effects of beauvericin and glyphosate in Roundup formulation are observed in a newly developed ovarian cell model system and further confirms that both glyphosate and beauvericin may have the potential to impair reproductive function in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Perego
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - L J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - C Cortinovis
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - A Bertero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F Caloni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, Milan, 20133, Italy
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Yang R, Duan C, Zhang S, Guo Y, Shan X, Chen M, Yue S, Zhang Y, Liu Y. High Prolactin Concentration Induces Ovarian Granulosa Cell Oxidative Stress, Leading to Apoptosis Mediated by L-PRLR and S-PRLR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14407. [PMID: 37833858 PMCID: PMC10573079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High prolactin (PRL) concentration has been shown to induce the apoptosis of ovine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by high PRL concentration in GCs. Trial 1: The optimal concentration of glutathion was determined according to the detected cell proliferation. The results showed that the optimal glutathione concentration was 5 μmol/mL. Trial 2: 500 ng/mL PRL was chosen as the high PRL concentration. The GCs were treated with 0 ng/mL PRL (C group), 500 ng/mL PRL (P group) or 500 ng/mL PRL, and 5 μmol/mL glutathione (P-GSH group). The results indicated that the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex (MRCC) I-V, ATP production, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx) in the C group were higher than those in the P group (p < 0.05), while they were lower than those in the P-GSH group (p < 0.05). Compared to the C group, the P group exhibited elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis (p < 0.05) and increased expression of ATG7 and ATG5 (p < 0.05). However, MRCC I-V, ATP, SOD, A-TOC, TPx, ROS, and apoptosis were decreased after the addition of glutathione (p < 0.05). The knockdown of either L-PRLR or S-PRLR in P group GCs resulted in a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in MRCC I-V, ATP, T-AOC, SOD and TPx, while the overexpression of either receptor showed an opposite trend (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that high PRL concentrations induce apoptotic cell death in ovine ovarian GCs by downregulating L-PRLR and S-PRLR, activating oxidative stress and autophagic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Yunxia Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Xinyu Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Meijing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sicong Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yueqin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (R.Y.); (C.D.); (X.S.); (M.C.); (S.Y.)
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Zhai B, Li X, Zhao Z, Cao Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Ma H, Lu W. Melatonin Protects the Apoptosis of Sheep Granulosa Cells by Suppressing Oxidative Stress via MAP3K8 and FOS Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051067. [PMID: 37239427 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is not only a highly effective active oxygen scavenger but also an important reproductive hormone. Melatonin has a regulatory effect on animal reproduction, especially on the ovaries. It can affect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in follicles. However, the mechanisms of the dual antioxidation and anti-apoptosis effects of melatonin on granulosa cells are still not clear, especially in sheep. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms of the protective effect of melatonin against oxidative damage in granulosa cells. At a concentration of 250 µmol/L, H2O2 promoted granulosa cell apoptosis; however, 10 ng/mL melatonin effectively alleviated the pro-apoptotic effect of H2O2. Furthermore, through the application of high-throughput sequencing technology, we identified 109 significantly differentially expressed genes (35 upregulated and 74 downregulated genes) involved in the protective effect of melatonin against apoptosis. The expression levels of nine related genes, i.e., ATF3, FIBIN, FOS, HSPA6, MAP3K8, FOSB, PET117, DLX2, and TRIB1, changed significantly. MAP3K8 and FOS gene overexpression impacted the protective effect of melatonin in granulosa cells; the two genes exhibited an upstream and downstream regulatory relationship. Our findings indicated that melatonin alleviated H2O2-induced apoptosis in sheep granulosa cells through the MAP3K8-FOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhai
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Zhongli Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Huihai Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 136100, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Hryciuk MM, Schröter F, Hennicke L, Braun BC. Spheroid formation and luteinization of granulosa cells of felids in a long-term 3D culture. Differentiation 2023; 131:38-48. [PMID: 37079952 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, granulosa cells (GCs) from domestic cats and Persian leopard were cultured and characterized from selected days. The culture period was divided into two phases: maintenance, which lasted for 7 days, and luteinization, which followed for up to 11 days. Luteinization was performed on ultra-low attachment plates, supporting the formation of spheroids in a medium supplemented with insulin, forskolin, and luteinizing hormone (LH). GCs of domestic cat produced estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) during the maintenance phase. The gene expressions of some proteins involved in steroidogenesis were stable (STAR, HSD3B1) or decreased over time (CYP11A1, HSD17B1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1), which was similar to the expressions of gonatropin receptors (LHCGR and FSHR). During the luteinization phase, P4 concentration significantly increased (P < 0.05), and E2, in contrast to the proliferation phase, was below detection range. The expression of genes of proteins involved in steroidogenesis (STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, HSD17B1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1) and of gonadotropin receptors (LHCGR and FSHR) significantly increased during the luteinization period, but some expressions exhibited a decrease at the end of the phase (LHCGR, FSHR, HSD17B1, CYP19A1). The morphology of the luteinized GCs of domestic cat resembled large luteal cells and had numerous vacuole-like structures. Also, the GCs of Persian leopard underwent luteinization, shown by increasing P4 production and HSD3B1 expression. This study confirms that GCs from felids can be luteinized in a 3D spheroid system which can be a basis for further studies on luteal cell function of felids. Additionally, we could show that the domestic cat can serve as a model species for establishing cell culture methods which can be transferred to other felids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał M Hryciuk
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, 10315, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Filip Schröter
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Brandenburg, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School, 16321, Bernau, Germany; Brandenburg Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 14770, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Luise Hennicke
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate C Braun
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, 10315, Berlin, Germany
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Zhao J, Pan H, Liu Y, He Y, Shi H, Ge C. Interacting Networks of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Regulate Layer Hens Performance. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:141. [PMID: 36672882 PMCID: PMC9859134 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg production is a vital biological and economic trait for poultry breeding. The 'hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis' determines the egg production, which affects the layer hens industry income. At the organism level, the HPO axis is influenced by the factors related to metabolic and nutritional status, environment, and genetics, whereas at the cellular and molecular levels, the HPO axis is influenced by the factors related to endocrine and metabolic regulation, cytokines, key genes, signaling pathways, post-transcriptional processing, and epigenetic modifications. MiRNAs and lncRNAs play a critical role in follicle selection and development, atresia, and ovulation in layer hens; in particular, miRNA is known to affect the development and atresia of follicles by regulating apoptosis and autophagy of granulosa cells. The current review elaborates on the regulation of the HPO axis and its role in the laying performance of hens at the organism, cellular, and molecular levels. In addition, this review provides an overview of the interactive network regulation mechanism of the HPO axis in layer hens, as well as comprehensive knowledge for successfully utilizing their genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changrong Ge
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
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Maylem ERS, Spicer LJ. Effects of transforming growth factor β1 on steroidogenesis of feline granulosa cells cultured in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:789-797. [PMID: 35605602 DOI: 10.1071/rd22034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about the hormonal regulation of feline ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and steroidogenesis. AIMS To determine if transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1), activin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), melatonin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) regulate granulosa cell steroidogenesis and proliferation in cats, three experiments were conducted in winter season. METHODS Granulosa cells were isolated and treated in vitro with various hormones in serum-free medium for 48h after an initial 48h plating in 10% fetal calf serum. KEY RESULTS Treatment with IGF1 and FSH increased (P<0.05) estradiol production by 2.3- and 1.33-fold, respectively. In contrast, TGFB1 blocked (P<0.05) IGF1-induced estradiol production and inhibited FSH-induced estradiol production by 60%. Combined with FSH or FSH plus IGF1, TGFB1 inhibited (P<0.05) cell proliferation, whereas TGFB1 increased progesterone production by 2.8-fold in the presence of FSH plus IGF1. EGF decreased (P<0.05) FSH plus IGF1-induced estradiol production by 89% but did not affect progesterone production or cell numbers. Activin did not affect (P>0.10) cell numbers or steroidogenesis in the presence of FSH plus IGF1. Melatonin and LH decreased (P<0.05) estradiol production 53% and 59%, respectively, without affecting progesterone production or cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The present study has identified TGFB1 as a major regulator of feline ovarian function, in addition to EGF, IGF1, melatonin, LH and FSH. IMPLICATIONS These studies will provide useful information for future development of fertility control in feline species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Excel R S Maylem
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Leon J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Kumari K, Kumar A, Bahadur I, Singh P. Investigate the interaction of testosterone/progesterone with ionic liquids on varying the anion to combat COVID-19: Density functional theory calculations and molecular docking approach. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021; 34:e4273. [PMID: 34511718 PMCID: PMC8420490 DOI: 10.1002/poc.4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hormones like testosterone and progesterone in the humans play significant role in the regulation of various biological processes like the body growth, reproduction, and others. In last two decades, researchers are using ionic liquids (ILs) extensively in different areas of sciences, and they are a novel class of compounds as well as their polarity can be tuned. ILs are multidisciplinary in nature and can be used in chemistry, materials science, chemical engineering, and environmental science. Further, ILs are being explored to increase the solubility of drugs or biological potential molecules. Testosterone and progesterone are found to be not very polar in nature; therefore, the authors attempt to increase the solubility of testosterone and progesterone via interaction with ILs. It was studied with density functional theory calculations using Gaussian, and an increase in the value of dipole moment is observed for the complex of testosterone/progesterone with the ILs in comparison of individual one. The optimization energy and other thermodynamic energies of the ILs (IL1‐IL3), testosterone (T), testosterone‐IL (T‐IL1 to T‐IL3), progesterone (P), and progesterone‐ILs (P‐IL1 to P‐IL3) are found to be negative. Further, the change in free energy for the formation of complexes at room temperature is calculated. Further, the authors have investigated the synergistic effect of testosterone and progesterone against the main protease of new coronavirus using molecular docking. It is observed that the testosterone‐IL1 {IL1‐3‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium 2,4,6‐trinitrophenolate} is found to be prominent against the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College University of Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi India
| | - Indra Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North-West University Mmabatho South Africa
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College University of Delhi New Delhi India
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