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García-Vázquez FA. Artificial intelligence and porcine breeding. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 269:107538. [PMID: 38926001 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Livestock management is evolving into a new era, characterized by the analysis of vast quantities of data (Big Data) collected from both traditional breeding methods and new technologies such as sensors, automated monitoring system, and advanced analytics. Artificial intelligence (A-In), which refers to the capability of machines to mimic human intelligence, including subfields like machine learning and deep learning, is playing a pivotal role in this transformation. A wide array of A-In techniques, successfully employed in various industrial and scientific contexts, are now being integrated into mainstream livestock management practices. In the case of swine breeding, while traditional methods have yielded considerable success, the increasing amount of information requires the adoption of new technologies such as A-In to drive productivity, enhance animal welfare, and reduce environmental impact. Current findings suggest that these techniques have the potential to match or exceed the performance of traditional methods, often being more scalable in terms of efficiency and sustainability within the breeding industry. This review provides insights into the application of A-In in porcine breeding, from the perspectives of both sows (including welfare and reproductive management) and boars (including semen quality and health), and explores new approaches which are already being applied in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco A García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Excelencia Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
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2
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Yan X, Pang P, Zhang H, Mi J, Qin C, Yang L, Yang B, Nie G. In vivo evidence of sea buckthorn relieving oxidative stress and improving immune performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:7118-7129. [PMID: 38619986 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea buckthorn has the functions of antioxidation, antitumor, anti-inflammation and regulating energy metabolism. In order to investigate the effects of sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids on the antioxidant properties, immune function and muscle fatty acid composition of common carp, an oral feeding experiment was carried out. RESULTS The administration of glucose significantly reduced the levels of glutathione and the activity of total antioxidant capacity enzyme in serum and hepatopancreas, while concurrently upregulating the level of malondialdehyde (MDA)(P < 0.05). Conversely, oral intake of sea buckthorn powder and flavonoids increased antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased MDA levels. In terms of antioxidant molecular indicators, sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids significantly increased the mRNA levels of nuclear factor NF-E2-related factor (nrf2) in the hepatopancreas and muscle. Meanwhile, mRNA expression levels of downstream antioxidant-related genes (gr, cat, gpx, and sod) regulated by Nrf2 were also upregulated. In the immune aspects, the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (il-6), interleukin-1β (il-1β) and nuclear factor-κB (nf-κb), were reduced but the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as growth factor-β (tgf-β) and interleukin-10 (il-10), were enhanced in the head kidney and spleen tissues after oral administration with sea buckthorn. In terms of muscle fatty acid composition, the ratio of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/n-6 PUFA was notably higher after administering sea buckthorn flavonoids than that of the glucose group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that oral administration of sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity and immune response and improved the muscle fatty acid compositions in common carp, and also mitigated the adverse effects of glucose treatment to a certain extent. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Pang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiali Mi
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liping Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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Pezo F, Contreras MJ, Zambrano F, Uribe P, Risopatron J, Andrade AFCD, Yeste M, Sánchez R. Thawing of cryopreserved sperm from domestic animals: Impact of temperature, time, and addition of molecules to thawing/insemination medium. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 268:107572. [PMID: 39128319 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in optimizing the protocols intended to sperm cryopreservation in domestic animals. These protocols include initial cooling, freezing, and thawing. While different attempts have been devised to improve sperm cryopreservation, the efficiency of this reproductive biotechnology is still far from being optimal. Furthermore, while much attention in improving cooling/freezing, less emphasis has been made in how thawing can be ameliorated. Despite this, the conditions through which, upon thawing, sperm return to physiological temperatures are much relevant, given that these cells must travel throughout the female genital tract until they reach the utero-tubal junction. Moreover, the composition of the media used for artificial insemination (AI) may also affect sperm survival, which is again something that one should bear because of the long journey that sperm must make. Furthermore, sperm quality and functionality decrease dramatically during post-thawing incubation time. Added to that, the deposition of the thawed sperm suspension devoid of seminal plasma in some species during an AI is accompanied by a leukocyte migration to the uterine lumen and with it the activation of immune mechanisms. Because few reviews have focused on the evidence gathered after sperm thawing, the present one aims to compile and discuss the available information concerning ruminants, pigs and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Pezo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María José Contreras
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Fabiola Zambrano
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pamela Uribe
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jennie Risopatron
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Andre Furugen Cesar de Andrade
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marc Yeste
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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4
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Kujoana TC, Sehlabela LD, Mabelebele M, Sebola NA. The potential significance of antioxidants in livestock reproduction: Sperm viability and cryopreservation. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 267:107512. [PMID: 38901083 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Male reproductive efficiency is primarily defined by the generation of high-quality and viable sperm cells in farm animals. However, the literature shows that male fertility has declined in recent years due various factors including heat stress, which causes the development of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) which damages sperm cells. This review aimed to examine the potential significance of antioxidants in increasing and preserving sperm quality and viability. Data used to produce this review paper came from recently published articles in peer reviewed journals. Google Scholar, Science Direct, Research Gate, Web of Science, and the Directory of Open Access Journals were used to access the data. Various studies have shown that antioxidants play acritical role in preserving the sperm quality and viability by protecting sperm cells from the potential damage from oxidative stress induced by the development of oxygen species imbalances. However, there is less information on the use of natural or synthetic antioxidants to preserve semen quality through in vivo procedures, despite its growing popularity and promising results. Hence, there is a need for researchers to explore more on this topic, especially in other livestock species than poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tlou Christopher Kujoana
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa.
| | - Lerato Deirdre Sehlabela
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa.
| | - Monnye Mabelebele
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa.
| | - Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa.
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Yan K, Liu X, Li L, Zhu S, Zheng L, He S, Jia X, Dong W, Liu Y, Lu Z, Yang F. Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents extraction of polysaccharides from Loquat leaf: Process optimization and bioactivity study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133308. [PMID: 38908619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Loquat leaves are the by-product of loquat fruit production. Polysaccharides are one of the main active ingredients in loquat leaves. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from loquat leaves by ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) extraction method. Further, the extracted crude loquat leaf polysaccharides (CLLP) were purified and separated via S-8 resin and DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography, respectively. Additionally, the effects of polysaccharides on activity of sperm in boar semen preserved in medium at 17 °C, were evaluated preliminarily. DES, composed of choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:6, molar ratio), was proved to be the suitable solvent for LLP extraction. The optimized extraction conditions were water content 44 %, liquid-solid ratio 1:29 (g/g), extraction temperature 61 °C and extraction time 98 min. Under these conditions, the LLP yield was 57.82 ± 1.50 mg/g. A homogeneous polysaccharide (LLP1-2, Mw: 2.17 × 104 Da) was isolated from CLLP. Its total sugar, uronic acid and protein contents were 76.31 ± 1.25 %, 14.19 ± 0.67 % and 3.28 ± 0.42 %, respectively. Further, 800 μg/mL LLP1-2 could effectively enhance the antioxidant activity of sperm. This study laid a foundation for DESs and column chromatography in the field of polysaccharide extraction and separation, proving that LLP can be used as a natural antioxidant for sperm preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yan
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyu Zhu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lijuan Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyang He
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaomin Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Wuzi Dong
- Shaanxi Dayi Xunlong Biotechnology Co., LTD, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- National Engineering & Technology Research Center of Forest Chemical Industry, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhoumin Lu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Fangxia Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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6
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Li C, Allai L, Liang J, Lv C, Zhao X, Ni X, Wu G, Deng W, Badaoui B, Quan G. The antioxidant effects of butylated hydroxytoluene on cryopreserved goat sperm from a proteomic perspective. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17580. [PMID: 38978759 PMCID: PMC11229688 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, there are few reports about the proteomics changes provoked by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) supplementation on cryopreserved semen in mammals. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of BHT on goat sperm and to investigate the proteomics changes of adding BHT to cryopreserved goat (Capra hircus) sperm. Firstly, semen samples were collected from four goats, and frozen in the basic extenders containing different concentrations of BHT (0.5 mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM) and a control without BHT, respectively. After thawing, the protective effects of dose-dependent replenished BHT to the freezing medium on post-thaw sperm motility, integrities of plasma membrane and acrosome, reactive oxygen species levels were confirmed, with 0.5 mM BHT being the best (B group) as compared to the control (without BHT, C group). Afterwards, TMT-based quantitative proteomic technique was performed to profile proteome of the goat sperm between C group and B group. Parallel reaction monitoring was used to confirm reliability of the data. Overall, 2,476 proteins were identified and quantified via this approach. Comparing the C and B groups directly (C vs. B), there were 17 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) po-tentially associated with sperm characteristics and functions were identified, wherein three were upregulated and 14 were downregulated, respectively. GO annotation analysis demonstrated the potential involvement of the identified DAPs in metabolic process, multi-organism process, reproduction, reproductive process, and cellular process. KEGG enrichment analysis further indicated their potential roles in renin-angiotensin system and glutathione metabolism pathways. Together, this novel study clearly shows that BHT can effectively improve quality parameters and fertility potential of post-thawed goat sperm at the optimal concentration, and its cryoprotection may be realized through regulation of sperm metabolism and antioxidative capability from the perspective of sperm proteomic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Genebank of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Larbi Allai
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Higher School of Technology Sidi Bennour, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Jiachong Liang
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Genebank of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Chunrong Lv
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Genebank of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaojun Ni
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Guoquan Wu
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Genebank of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
| | - Weidong Deng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | | | - Guobo Quan
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Genebank of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Kunming, China
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7
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Muñoz E, Fuentes F, Felmer R, Arias ME, Yeste M. Effects of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species on Male Fertility. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:802-836. [PMID: 38019089 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Significance: In recent decades, male fertility has been severely reduced worldwide. The causes underlying this decline are multifactorial, and include, among others, genetic alterations, changes in the microbiome, and the impact of environmental pollutants. Such factors can dysregulate the physiological levels of reactive species of oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) in the patient, generating oxidative and nitrosative stress that impairs fertility. Recent Advances: Recent studies have delved into other factors involved in the dysregulation of ROS and RNS levels, such as diet, obesity, persistent infections, environmental pollutants, and gut microbiota, thus leading to new strategies to solve male fertility problems, such as consuming prebiotics to regulate gut flora or treating psychological conditions. Critical Issues: The pathways where ROS or RNS may be involved as modulators are still under investigation. Moreover, the extent to which treatments can rescue male infertility as well as whether they may have side effects remains, in most cases, to be elucidated. For example, it is known that prescription of antioxidants to treat nitrosative stress can alter sperm chromatin condensation, which makes DNA more exposed to ROS and RNS, and may thus affect fertilization and early embryo development. Future Directions: The involvement of extracellular vesicles, which might play a crucial role in cell communication during spermatogenesis and epididymal maturation, and the relevance of other factors such as sperm epigenetic signatures should be envisaged in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Muñoz
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Fernanda Fuentes
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María Elena Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Kafi A, Khalid M, Herath T, Kershaw C. Cysteine supplementation pre-freeze and post-thaw improves integrity and reduces oxidative stress in cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104854. [PMID: 38286327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreserved ram sperm is highly sensitive to oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) which impair sperm function and integrity. Antioxidants such as cysteine can mitigate the effect of ROS, although the optimal concentration or timing of supplementation is unknown. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration and timing of cysteine supplementation on the integrity and function of cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. Nine ejaculates were collected from three Texel rams then cryopreserved and supplemented with cysteine (0, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/mL) added pre-freeze (PF), post-thaw (PT) or pre-freeze and post-thaw (PF + PT) generating seven treatments: 1) control 0 mg/mL, 2) PF 0.5 mg/mL, 3) PF 1 mg/mL, 4) PT 0.5 mg/mL, 5), PT 1.0 mg/mL, 6) PF + PT 0.5 mg/mL and 7) PF + PT 1.0 mg/mL. Sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, ROS production and penetrability through artificial cervical mucus were assessed post-thaw. Cysteine supplementation reduced ROS production which thereby improved spermatozoa motility, viability, acrosome integrity and penetrability (p < 0.001) Sperm integrity for all parameters was greatest in spermatozoa treated PF + PT with 1.0 mg/mL cysteine, although treatment pre-freeze or post-thaw also improved integrity beyond the control. This study has identified that 1.0 mg/mL cysteine is most beneficial and has highlighted the importance of preventing oxidative stress in spermatozoa post-thaw. These finding can help to mitigate the detrimental effect of cryopreservation on spermatozoa and aid the development of cryopreservation protocols in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kafi
- Department of Animal Health, Behavior and Welfare, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK.
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Animal Health, Behavior and Welfare, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK
| | - Tharangani Herath
- Department of Animal Health, Behavior and Welfare, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK.
| | - Claire Kershaw
- Department of Animal Health, Behavior and Welfare, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK.
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Khophloiklang V, Chanapiwat P, Kaeoket K. Camellia oil with its rich in fatty acids enhances post-thawed boar sperm quality. Acta Vet Scand 2024; 66:6. [PMID: 38347642 PMCID: PMC10863207 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-024-00728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boar sperm are highly susceptible to specific conditions during cryopreservation, leading to a significant decrease in their fertilizing potential due to damage to their membranes. Camellia oil, known for its fatty acids with antioxidant and biological properties, has not been previously explored for the cryopreservation of boar semen. This study aimed to examine the effects of camellia oil on post-thawed boar sperm quality. Boar semen ejaculates (n = 9) were collected and divided into six equal aliquots based on camellia oil concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5% v/v) in the freezing extender. Semen samples were processed and cryopreserved using the liquid nitrogen vapor method. Thereafter, frozen semen samples were thawed at 50 °C for 12 s and evaluated for sperm morphology by scanning electron microscope, sperm motility using a computer-assisted sperm analyzer, sperm viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function, MDA level and total antioxidant capacity. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the supplementation of 1.5% (v/v) camellia oil showed superior post-thaw sperm qualities such as improved sperm morphology, motility, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial function by 14.3%, 14.3% and 11.7%, respectively, when compared to the control group. Camellia oil at a concentration of 1.5% (v/v) showed the lowest level of MDA (18.3 ± 2.1 µmol/L) compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, adding 1.5% (v/v) camellia oil in the freezing extender reduced the oxidative damage associated with cryopreservation and resulted in a higher post-thawed sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassakorn Khophloiklang
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80240, Thailand
| | - Panida Chanapiwat
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Kampon Kaeoket
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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10
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Dos Santos G, Tamanini MDSC, Leal LA, Wolf LM, Christ TS, Piton YV, Arbo MD, Bernardi ML, Ulguim RDR, Bortolozzo FP, Mellagi APG. L-cysteine improves boar semen motility at 5 ºC but does not affect the oxidative status. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 260:107384. [PMID: 38043165 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypothermic storage has been proposed as a method to reduce bacterial loads and promoting prudent use of antibiotics. Reducing temperature, however, can lead to cold shock damage and oxidative stress in boar semen. This study verified the effect of L-cysteine on the quality of semen stored at 5 °C for 120 h. Twenty-one normospermic ejaculates were diluted in Beltsville Thawing Solution into five treatments: Positive control (Pos_Cont, storage at 17 °C without L-cysteine) and groups with 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mmol/L of L-cysteine supplementation stored at 5 °C. Variables were analyzed as repeated measures, considering treatment, storage time, and interaction as main factors. The effects of different L-cysteine concentrations were also evaluated using polynomial orthogonal contrasts. Sperm motility and pH were higher in the Pos_Cont compared to the groups stored at 5 °C (P < 0.05). In polynomial orthogonal contrast models, total motility was affected by the interaction between L-cysteine and storage time (P = 0.04), with a linear increase in motility when increasing the amount of L-cysteine at 72 and 120 h. Progressive motility increased quadratically as the L-cysteine reached 1 mmol/L (P < 0.01). In the thermoresistance test at 120 h, sperm motility increased quadratically up to an L-cysteine dose of 1 mmol/L (P < 0.05). Sulfhydryl content linearly increased with L-cysteine supplementation (P = 0.01), with no effect on intracellular ROS and sperm lipid peroxidation (P ≥ 0.06) in 5ºC-stored doses. In conclusion, L-cysteine supplementation has a positive effect on sperm motility up to 120 h of storage at 5 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Dos Santos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Mayara de Souza Costa Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Abreu Leal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Michel Wolf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Thaís Spohr Christ
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Vendruscolo Piton
- Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90010-150, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90010-150, Brazil
| | - Mari Lourdes Bernardi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Live Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael da Rosa Ulguim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pandolfo Bortolozzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gonçalves Mellagi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91540-000, Brazil.
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11
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Khophloiklang V, Chanapiwat P, Aunpad R, Kaeoket K. Palm Kernel Meal Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Post-Thawed Boar Sperm Quality. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3040. [PMID: 37835646 PMCID: PMC10571854 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Boar sperm is sensitive to particular conditions during cryopreservation, resulting in an extreme reduction in fertilizing ability due to damage to the sperm membranes. PKMPH contains bioactive peptides that have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. There is no information on the use of palm-kernel-meal-derived bioactive peptides for boar semen cryopreservation. This study aimed to examine the effects of bioactive peptides from PKMPH on post-thawed boar sperm quality. Boar semen ejaculates (n = 17) were collected and divided into six equal aliquots based on PKMPH concentrations (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 µg/mL) in a freezing extender. Semen samples were processed and cryopreserved using the liquid nitrogen vapor method. Thereafter, the frozen semen samples were thawed at 50 °C for 12 s and evaluated for sperm motility using a computer-assisted sperm analyzer and for sperm viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function, and lipid peroxidation by measuring the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The results demonstrate that the supplementation of PKMPH with 2.5 µg/mL afforded superior post-thawed sperm qualities, such as increased total motility, viability, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial function by 10.7%, 12.3%, 18.3%, and 12.7%, respectively, when compared to the control group. PKMPH at a concentration of 2.5 µg/mL showed the lowest level of MDA (40.6 ± 2.0 µMol/L) compared to the other groups. In conclusion, adding PKMPH peptides at 2.5 µg/mL to the freezing extender reduced the oxidative damage associated with cryopreservation and resulted in higher post-thawed sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassakorn Khophloiklang
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.K.); (P.C.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80240, Thailand
| | - Panida Chanapiwat
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Ratchaneewan Aunpad
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Kampon Kaeoket
- Semen Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.K.); (P.C.)
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12
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Anastas ZM, Byrne PG, O'Brien JK, Hobbs RJ, Upton R, Silla AJ. The Increasing Role of Short-Term Sperm Storage and Cryopreservation in Conserving Threatened Amphibian Species. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2094. [PMID: 37443891 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidisciplinary approaches to conserve threatened species are required to curb biodiversity loss. Globally, amphibians are facing the most severe declines of any vertebrate class. In response, conservation breeding programs have been established in a growing number of amphibian species as a safeguard against further extinction. One of the main challenges to the long-term success of conservation breeding programs is the maintenance of genetic diversity, which, if lost, poses threats to the viability and adaptive potential of at-risk populations. Integrating reproductive technologies into conservation breeding programs can greatly assist genetic management and facilitate genetic exchange between captive and wild populations, as well as reinvigorate genetic diversity from expired genotypes. The generation of offspring produced via assisted fertilisation using frozen-thawed sperm has been achieved in a small but growing number of amphibian species and is poised to be a valuable tool for the genetic management of many more threatened species globally. This review discusses the role of sperm storage in amphibian conservation, presents the state of current technologies for the short-term cold storage and cryopreservation of amphibian sperm, and discusses the generation of cryo-derived offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara M Anastas
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Phillip G Byrne
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Justine K O'Brien
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
| | - Rebecca J Hobbs
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
| | - Rose Upton
- Conservation Science Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Aimee J Silla
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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13
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Antioxidants and Oxidants in Boar Spermatozoa and Their Surrounding Environment Are Associated with AMPK Activation during Liquid Storage. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030214. [PMID: 36977253 PMCID: PMC10056163 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been demonstrated to be beneficial for boar sperm quality and functionality, while the underlying mechanism of AMPK activation of boar spermatozoa remains obscure. This study aimed to explore the effect of antioxidants and oxidants in boar spermatozoa and their surrounding fluid (SF) on the activation of AMPK during the liquid storage. Ejaculates from Duroc boars, routinely used for semen production, were collected and diluted to a final concentration of 25 × 106/mL. In experiment 1, twenty-five semen samples from eighteen boars were stored at 17 °C for 7 days. In experiment 2, three pooled semen samples created from nine ejaculates of nine boars were used, and each sample was treated with 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μM/L H2O2 and stored at 17 °C for 3 h. Sperm quality and functionality, antioxidants and oxidants in boar spermatozoa and SF, the intracellular AMP/ATP ratio, and the expression levels of the phosphorylated AMPK (Thr172) were determined. Sperm quality significantly decreased with storage time in terms of viability (p < 0.05). Antioxidant and oxidant levels were markedly affected with storage time, with a decline in the SF total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p < 0.05), SF malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05), and the sperm’s total oxidant status (TOS), as well as a fluctuation in sperm superoxidase dismutase-like (SOD-like) activity (p < 0.05). The intracellular AMP/ATP ratio increased (p < 0.05) on day 4 and subsequently decreased to its lowest value on days 6 and 7 (p < 0.05). The phosphorylated AMPK levels increased from day 2 to day 7 (p < 0.05). Correlation analyses indicate that sperm quality during liquid storage was correlated to antioxidants and oxidants in spermatozoa and SF (p < 0.05), which were correlated to the phosphorylation of sperm AMPK (p < 0.05). Treatment with H2O2 induced damages in sperm quality (p < 0.05), a decline in antioxidant levels (SF TAC, p < 0.05; sperm SOD-like activity, p < 0.01), an increase in oxidant levels (SF MDA, p < 0.05; intracellular ROS production, p < 0.05), a higher AMP/ATP ratio (p < 0.05), and phosphorylated AMPK levels (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control. The results suggest that antioxidants and oxidants in boar spermatozoa and SF are involved in AMPK activation during liquid storage.
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14
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Abdelnour SA, Sindi RA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khalifa NE, Khafaga AF, Noreldin AE, Samir H, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Gamal M, Imam MS, Swelum AA. Quercetin: Putative effects on the function of cryopreserved sperms in domestic animals. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:191-206. [PMID: 36337040 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most used antioxidant flavonoids and largely exists in many fruits and vegetables because of its capability to scavenge the free reactive oxygen species (ROSs) by repressing lipid peroxy radical fusion, metal ion chelating through enzyme inhibition, and adopting the repair mechanisms. It also exhibits various biological actions, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, it contributes well to sustaining the endogenous cellular antioxidant defence system. The process of cryopreservation is associated with increased oxidative stress, and some steps are potential sources of ROSs, including the method of semen collection, handling, cryopreservation culture media, and thawing, which result in impaired sperm function. Several antioxidants have been proposed to counteract the harmful impact of ROS during semen cryopreservation. The antioxidant capability of quercetin has been verified in different animal species for providing valuable defence to sperm during the cryopreservation process. The beneficial properties of quercetin on various parameters of fresh and post-thaw sperm in different species are clarified in this review. More in-depth investigations are required to clarify quercetin's mechanism of action in different animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ramya A Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fuka, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Mohammed Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Imam
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.,Clinical Pharmacy Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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