1
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Deng L, Ren S, Zhang Y, Wang C, Lu X. Iridium nanoparticles supported on polyaniline nanotubes for peroxidase mimicking towards total antioxidant capacity assay of fruits and vegetables. Food Chem 2024; 445:138732. [PMID: 38367558 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a straightforward approach is presented for the first time to anchor Ir nanoparticles on the surface of uniform polyaniline (PANi) nanotubes (NTs), which can be used as an efficient peroxidase (POD)-like catalyst. The morphology and chemical structure of the PANi-Ir nanocomposite are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Owing to the strong interaction between Ir nanoparticles and PANi, a remarkable catalytic enhancement is achieved compared to the bare Ir black catalyst and individual PANi NTs, dominating withan electron transfer mechanism. Furthermore, an efficient colorimetric sensor for ascorbic acid (AA) is developed with a low detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3), and a total antioxidant capacity (TAC) sensing platform is also constructed for the rigorous detection and analysis of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Siyu Ren
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ce Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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2
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Tavano O, Murcia ÁB, Torrestina-Sánchez B, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Peptides with biological and technofunctional properties produced by bromelain hydrolysis of proteins from different sources: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127244. [PMID: 37806416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Bromelains are cysteine peptidases with endopeptidase action (a subfamily of papains), obtained from different parts of vegetable belonging to the Bromeliaceae family. They have some intrinsic medical activity, but this review is focused on their application (individually or mixed with other proteases) to produce bioactive peptides. When compared to other proteases, perhaps due to the fact that they are commercialized as an extract containing several proteases, the hydrolysates produced by this enzyme tends to have higher bioactivities than other common proteases. The peptides and the intensity of their final properties depend on the substrate protein and reaction conditions, being the degree of hydrolysis a determining parameter (but not always positive or negative). The produced peptides may have diverse activities such as antioxidant, antitumoral, antihypertensive or antimicrobial ones, among others or they may be utilized to improve the organoleptic properties of foods and feeds. Evolution of the use of this enzyme in this application is proposed to be based on a more intense direct application of Bromeliaceae extract, without the cost associated to enzyme purification, and the use of immobilized biocatalysts of the enzyme by simplifying the enzyme recovery and reuse, and also making the sequential hydrolysis using diverse proteases possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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3
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Kaur S, Vasiljevic T, Huppertz T. Milk Protein Hydrolysis by Actinidin-Kinetic and Thermodynamic Characterisation and Comparison to Bromelain and Papain. Foods 2023; 12:4248. [PMID: 38231667 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant proteases, including actinidin, papain and bromelain, have been widely used in the food industry but with limited application in dairy systems. This research aimed to establish and compare operational parameters (kinetics, temperature, enzyme type, time and thermodynamics) relevant to the applications of these enzymes in the hydrolysis of whey protein isolates (WPI), whey protein concentrates (WPC) or milk protein concentrates (MPC). The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased with the rise in temperature, and the maximum DH was achieved at 60 °C for all three dairy systems. The addition of papain resulted in a greater %DH of whey proteins in comparison to bromelain. The cleavage of proteins was clearly time-dependent (p < 0.05), while the pH did not change significantly (p > 0.05) during this time. PAGE analysis revealed that all three enzymes mainly acted on α-lactalbumin and αs-casein in WPI and MPC, respectively. Kinetic parameters from the Lineweaver-Burk plot at 60 °C using WPC and MPC as a substrate varied widely, establishing that WPC hydrolysis was characterised by a lower KM, higher kcat, kcat/KM and Vmax compared to MPC in the case of all three enzymes. The difference in kcat/KM values amongst all enzymes (actinidin > papain > bromelain) indicated the difference in the strength of substrate binding sites. The thermodynamic parameters of these enzymes with MPC and WPC were also determined at a temperature range of 15-60 °C, and the results indicate the potential application of papain and actinidin in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surjit Kaur
- Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Todor Vasiljevic
- Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Thom Huppertz
- Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
- FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Mostaraddi S, Pazhang M, Ebadi-Nahari M, Najavand S. The Relationship Between the Cross-Linker on Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and the Properties of Immobilized Papain. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1809-1823. [PMID: 36795275 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The immobilized enzymes' properties can be affected by cross-linkers on the surface of supports. To study how cross-linkers alter enzymes function, chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (CMNPs) with immobilized papain were prepared using glutaraldehyde and or genipin, and then, the properties of the nanoparticles and the immobilized enzymes were assessed. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results showed that the CMNPs were prepared and papain molecules were immobilized on CMNPs by glutaraldehyde (CMNP-Glu-Papain) or by genipin (CMNP-Gen-Papain). Also, the results associated with enzymes activity indicated that the immobilization by glutaraldehyde and genipin increased the pH optimum of papain from 7 to 7.5 and 9, respectively. The kinetic results indicated that the immobilization by genipin slightly affects the enzyme affinity to the substrate. The stability results showed that CMNP-Gen-Papain has more thermal stability than CMNP-Glu-Papain and papain immobilization on CMNPs by genipin leads to stabilization of the enzyme in the presence of polar solvents, probably due to the more hydroxyl groups on CMNPs activated by genipin. In conclusion, this study suggests that there is a relationship between the types of cross-linker on the surface of supports, and the mechanism of action, kinetic parameters, and the stability of immobilized papain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mostaraddi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ebadi-Nahari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Najavand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Xu Y, Yang Y, Ma CM, Bian X, Liu XF, Wang Y, Chen FL, Wang B, Zhang G, Zhang N. Characterization of the structure, antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity of soy (Glycine max L.) protein hydrolysates. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113473. [PMID: 37803796 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to hydrolyze soy isolate protein (SPI) using five enzymes (alcalase, pepsin, trypsin, papain, and bromelain) in order to obtain five enzymatic hydrolysates and to elucidate the effect of enzymes on structural and biological activities of the resulting hydrolysates. The antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of the soy protein isolate hydrolysates (SPIEHs) were evaluated through in silico analysis, revealing that the alcalase hydrolysate exhibited the highest potential, followed by the papain and bromelain hydrolysates. Subsequently, the degree of hydrolysis (DH), molecular weight distribution (MWD), amino acid composition, structure, antioxidant activities, and hypoglycemic activity in vitro of SPIEHs were analyzed. After enzymatic treatment, the particle size, polymer dispersity index (PDI), ζ-potentials, β-sheet content and α-helix content of SPIEHs was decreased, and the maximum emission wavelength of all SPIEHs exhibited red-shifted, which all suggesting the structure of SPIEHs was unfolded. More total amino acids (TAAs), aromatic amino acids (AAAs), and hydrophobic amino acids (HAAs) were found in alcalase hydrolysate. For 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, metal ion chelating activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity, alcalase hydrolysate had the lowest IC50; alcalase hydrolysate and papain hydrolysate had the lowest IC50 for hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Physiological activity of SPIEHs was evaluated thoroughly by 5-Axe cobweb charts, and the results revealed that alcalase hydrolysate exhibited the greatest biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Chun-Min Ma
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Xin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Feng-Lian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China.
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6
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Sorokin AV, Goncharova SS, Lavlinskaya MS, Holyavka MG, Faizullin DA, Zuev YF, Kondratyev MS, Artyukhov VG. Complexation of Bromelain, Ficin, and Papain with the Graft Copolymer of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium Salt and N-Vinylimidazole Enhances Enzyme Proteolytic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11246. [PMID: 37511006 PMCID: PMC10379864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the features of interactions between cysteine proteases (bromelain, ficin, and papain) and a graft copolymer of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt with N-vinylimidazole. The objective is to understand the influence of this interactions on the proteolytic activity and stability of the enzymes. The enzymes were immobilized through complexation with the carrier. The interaction mechanism was examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and flexible molecular docking simulations. The findings reveal that the enzymes interact with the functional groups of the carrier via amino acid residues, resulting in the formation of secondary structure elements and enzyme's active sites. These interactions induce modulation of active site of the enzymes, leading to an enhancement in their proteolytic activity. Furthermore, the immobilized enzymes demonstrate superior stability compared to their native counterparts. Notably, during a 21-day incubation period, no protein release from the conjugates was observed. These results suggest that the complexation of the enzymes with the graft copolymer has the potential to improve their performance as biocatalysts, with applications in various fields such as biomedicine, pharmaceutics, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Sorokin
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Bioresource Potential of the Seaside Territory Laboratory, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Goncharova
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Maria S Lavlinskaya
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Bioresource Potential of the Seaside Territory Laboratory, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Marina G Holyavka
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Bioresource Potential of the Seaside Territory Laboratory, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Dzhigangir A Faizullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuriy F Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maxim S Kondratyev
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the RAS, 3 Institutskaya Street, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valeriy G Artyukhov
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
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7
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Chatterjee A, Puri S, Sharma PK, Deepa PR, Chowdhury S. Nature-inspired Enzyme engineering and sustainable catalysis: biochemical clues from the world of plants and extremophiles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1229300. [PMID: 37409164 PMCID: PMC10318364 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1229300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of enzymes to accelerate chemical reactions for the synthesis of industrially important products is rapidly gaining popularity. Biocatalysis is an environment-friendly approach as it not only uses non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable raw materials but also helps to reduce waste generation. In this context, enzymes from organisms living in extreme conditions (extremozymes) have been studied extensively and used in industries (food and pharmaceutical), agriculture, and molecular biology, as they are adapted to catalyze reactions withstanding harsh environmental conditions. Enzyme engineering plays a key role in integrating the structure-function insights from reference enzymes and their utilization for developing improvised catalysts. It helps to transform the enzymes to enhance their activity, stability, substrates-specificity, and substrate-versatility by suitably modifying enzyme structure, thereby creating new variants of the enzyme with improved physical and chemical properties. Here, we have illustrated the relatively less-tapped potentials of plant enzymes in general and their sub-class of extremozymes for industrial applications. Plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses due to their sessile nature, for which they have developed various mechanisms, including the production of stress-response enzymes. While extremozymes from microorganisms have been extensively studied, there are clear indications that plants and algae also produce extremophilic enzymes as their survival strategy, which may find industrial applications. Typical plant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, papain, carbonic anhydrase, glycoside hydrolases and others have been examined in this review with respect to their stress-tolerant features and further improvement via enzyme engineering. Some rare instances of plant-derived enzymes that point to greater exploration for industrial use have also been presented here. The overall implication is to utilize biochemical clues from the plant-based enzymes for robust, efficient, and substrate/reaction conditions-versatile scaffolds or reference leads for enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. R. Deepa
- *Correspondence: P. R. Deepa, ; Shibasish Chowdhury,
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8
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Lin NS, Hirayama K, Kitamura M, Koide S, Kitajima H, Harada T, Mayama S, Umemura K. Fabrication of a Floatable Micron-Sized Enzyme Device Using Diatom Frustules. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21145-21153. [PMID: 37332799 PMCID: PMC10268610 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of enzymes has been widely reported due to their reusability, thermal stability, better storage abilities, and so on. However, there are still problems that immobilized enzymes do not have free movements to react to substrates during enzyme reactions and their enzyme activity becomes weak. Moreover, when only the porosity of support materials is focused, some problems such as enzyme distortion can negatively affect the enzyme activity. Being a solution to these problems, a new function "floatability" of enzyme devices has been discussed. A "floatable" micron-sized enzyme device was fabricated to enhance the free movements of immobilized enzymes. Diatom frustules, natural nanoporous biosilica, were used to attach papain enzyme molecules. The floatability of the frustules, evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic methods, was significantly better than that of four other SiO2 materials, such as diatomaceous earth (DE), which have been widely used to fabricate micron-sized enzyme devices. The frustules were fully suspended at 30 °C for 1 h without stirring, although they settled at room temperature. When enzyme assays were performed at room temperature, 37, and 60 °C with or without external stirring, the proposed frustule device showed the highest enzyme activity under all conditions among papain devices similarly prepared using other SiO2 materials. It was confirmed by the free papain experiments that the frustule device was active enough for enzyme reactions. Our data indicated that the high floatability of the reusable frustule device, and its large surface area, is effective in maximizing enzyme activity due to the high probability to react to substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nay San Lin
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| | - Kota Hirayama
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| | - Masaki Kitamura
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| | - Shinji Koide
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Kitajima
- Department
of Integrated Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita University, Dannoharu, 700, Oita City 870-1192, Japan
| | - Takunori Harada
- Department
of Integrated Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita University, Dannoharu, 700, Oita City 870-1192, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mayama
- Tokyo
Diatomology Lab, 2-3-2
Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-0015, Japan
| | - Kazuo Umemura
- Department
of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan
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9
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Mishra S, Hansda B, Ghosh A, Mondal S, Mandal B, Kumari P, Das B, Mondal TK, Biswas T. Multipoint Immobilization at Inert Center of Papain on Homo-Functional Diazo-Activated Silica Support: A Way of Restoring "Above Room-Temperature" Bio-Catalytic Sustainability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5710-5726. [PMID: 37039774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although enzymes play a significant role in industrial applications, their potential usage at high-level efficiency, particularly above room temperature, has not yet been fully harnessed. It brings above room-temperature catalytic sustainability of an immobilized (imm.) bio-catalyst as a long pending issue to improve enzyme stability, activity, specificity, or selectivity, particularly the enantio-selectivity over the native-enzymes. At this juncture, in a robust methodology, a heterogeneous solid phase bio-catalyst, {Si(OSi)4(H2O)1.03}n=328{OSi(CH3)2-NH-C6H4-N═N}4{papain}(H2O)251, has efficiently been prepared by immobilizing papain on homo-functionalized SG (silica-gel) via multipoint covalent attachment. The bio-catalyst is easy to be recovered and reused multiple times. The homo-functional -N═N+, which appears on the SG-surface, makes the multipoint diazo-links with the inert center of the tyrosine-moiety to couple the enzyme where all the amino, thiol, phenol, and so forth, groups of the protein, including those that belong to the active-site, remain intact. The immobilized enzyme (13.9 μmol g-1) swims in pore-water within the pore-channel, remains stable up to 70 ± 5 °C, and exhibits wider temperature adaptability in performing its hydrolyzing activities. The relative activity, 78 ± 2% at 27 °C, remains quantitative for 60 days and can be reused for 60 cycles with 53% activity at room-temperature. The thermal (relative activity: 87%; incubated at 70 ± 5 °C for 24 h) and mechanical (relative activity: 92%; incubated at 2500 rpm for 2 h at 27 °C) stability was outstanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Mishra
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Biswajit Hansda
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ankit Ghosh
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Sneha Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Bhabatosh Mandal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Pallavi Kumari
- University Department of Chemistry, T.M.B.U., Bhagalpur, Bihar 812007, India
| | - Basudev Das
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tanay Kumar Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tirtha Biswas
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
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10
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Mohd Azmi SI, Kumar P, Sharma N, Sazili AQ, Lee SJ, Ismail-Fitry MR. Application of Plant Proteases in Meat Tenderization: Recent Trends and Future Prospects. Foods 2023; 12:1336. [PMID: 36981262 PMCID: PMC10047955 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Papain, bromelain, and ficin are commonly used plant proteases used for meat tenderization. Other plant proteases explored for meat tenderization are actinidin, zingibain, and cucumin. The application of plant crude extracts or powders containing higher levels of compounds exerting tenderizing effects is also gaining popularity due to lower cost, improved sensory attributes of meat, and the presence of bioactive compounds exerting additional benefits in addition to tenderization, such as antioxidants and antimicrobial effects. The uncontrolled plant protease action could cause excessive tenderization (mushy texture) and poor quality due to an indiscriminate breakdown of proteins. The higher cost of separation and the purification of enzymes, unstable structure, and poor stability of these enzymes due to autolysis are some major challenges faced by the food industry. The meat industry is targeting the recycling of enzymes and improving their stability and shelf-life by immobilization, encapsulation, protein engineering, medium engineering, and stabilization during tenderization. The present review critically analyzed recent trends and the prospects of the application of plant proteases in meat tenderization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahira Izyana Mohd Azmi
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Ranbir Singh Pura 181012, Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Rashedi Ismail-Fitry
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Bertucci JI, Salese L, Liggieri CS, Garrote GL, Bruno MA. Preparation of whey protein hydrolysates with ACE‐inhibitory activity using cysteine peptidases from
Bromelia hieronymi
Mez. (Bromeliaceae). INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Bertucci
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO‐CSIC) Subida a Radio Faro, 50 Vigo Pontevedra 36390 España
| | - Lucía Salese
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 and 115 La Plata Buenos Aires 1900 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290 C1425FQB CABA Argentina
| | - Constanza Silvina Liggieri
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 and 115 La Plata Buenos Aires 1900 Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA) 526 and 10 La Plata Buenos Aires 1900 Argentina
| | - Graciela Liliana Garrote
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290 C1425FQB CABA Argentina
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA) 47 and 116 La Plata Buenos Aires 1900 Argentina
| | - Mariela Anahí Bruno
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 and 115 La Plata Buenos Aires 1900 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290 C1425FQB CABA Argentina
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12
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Hou W, Zhao W, Yi S, Gao W, Zhang J, Zhao J, Liu X. A new application of papain: As a peroxidase-like catalyst for fluorometric detection of uric acid. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 164:110192. [PMID: 36608409 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Papain, as a classical cysteine protease, has been widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical, and cosmetic fields. However, there are few information about the peroxidase-like activity of papain catalyzed substrate to produce fluorescence. In this study, we found that papain can catalyze H2O2 to convert o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and generate fluorescence emission at 550 nm under 430 nm excitation. Based on this foundation, we report a papain/OPD/H2O2 system for fluorescence detection of uric acid. The method exhibits a wide linear range of 10-1000 μM with a limit-of-detection of 4.6 μM, and has been successfully used to detect uric acid in human serum. This study paves the way for the application of papain as catalyst for fluorescence detection of different target biomolecules, such as cholesterol, glucose, lactate, for which H2O2 is a product of oxidoreductase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Hou
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Wuyong Zhao
- Rehabilitation Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, China
| | - Sijing Yi
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Wenmei Gao
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jiangang Zhang
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Basic Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801, China.
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13
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Brückner K, Griehl C. Permeabilization of the cell wall of Chlorella sorokiniana by the chitosan-degrading protease papain. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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14
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Srisai P, Lin HC, Liu CC, Zeng FJ, Yang YC, Chou WM. Thermostable ficin from jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) latex: purification, identification and characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:846-855. [PMID: 36071690 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The achenes/seeds of endemic jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) fruit have been applied to prepare a traditional beverage in Taiwan. Upon fruit harvest, jelly fig latex exuded from stalks was discarded. Protease activity was monitored in its latex. Proteases capable of hydrolyzing proteins have many application aspects based on diverse characteristics. Commercial plant proteases are frequently from latex. RESULTS The latex protease of jelly fig, termed FaFicin, was purified to homogeneity with a molecular mass of ~32 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. According to liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric analyses, the expected protein band of protease was matched to ficin A, ficin B or chymopapain from common fig or papaya. Iodoacetamide, an inhibitor of cysteine protease, inhibited its protease activity completely. Hence FaFicin was identified as a papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP), exhibiting more than 80% and 70% activity as assayed at pH 5-8 and 40-70 °C, respectively. It maintained ~89% of initial activity after 120 min at 55 °C and pH 7. Moreover, FaFicin could degrade the myosin and actin of meat, and clot milk. CONCLUSION The ficin FaFicin was obtained, purified and identified as a PLCP member from agricultural waste: jelly fig latex. It possessed activity under a wide range of pH values and temperature, and exhibited excellent thermostability. Based on its initial evaluation as a meat tenderizer and milk clotting reagent, the application of FaFicin was possible, which may extend utilization of jelly fig. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parawee Srisai
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hua-Chian Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Chen Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Jin Zeng
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Chang Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wing-Ming Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
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15
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Sorokin AV, Goncharova SS, Lavlinskaya MS, Holyavka MG, Faizullin DA, Kondratyev MS, Kannykin SV, Zuev YF, Artyukhov VG. Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Polymers as Promising Matrices for Ficin Immobilization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030649. [PMID: 36771951 PMCID: PMC9920955 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work is devoted to research on the interaction between carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt and its derivatives (graft copolymer of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt and N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) with cysteine protease (ficin). The interaction was studied by FTIR and by flexible molecular docking, which have shown the conjugates' formation with both matrices. The proteolytic activity assay performed with azocasein demonstrated that the specific activities of all immobilized ficin samples are higher in comparison with those of the native enzyme. This is due to the modulation of the conformation of ficin globule and of the enzyme active site by weak physical interactions involving catalytically valuable amino acids. The results obtained can extend the practical use of ficin in biomedicine and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Sorokin
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioresource Potential of Coastal Area, Institute for Advanced Studies, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnologies, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 19 Revolutsii Avenue, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Goncharova
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Maria S. Lavlinskaya
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioresource Potential of Coastal Area, Institute for Advanced Studies, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnologies, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 19 Revolutsii Avenue, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Marina G. Holyavka
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioresource Potential of Coastal Area, Institute for Advanced Studies, Sevastopol State University, 33 Studencheskaya Street, 299053 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Dzhigangir A. Faizullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of the RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Kondratyev
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
- Laboratory of Structure and Dynamics of Biomolecular Systems, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the RAS, 3 Institutskaya Street, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Kannykin
- Material Science and Nanosystem Industry Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yuriy F. Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of the RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Valeriy G. Artyukhov
- Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
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16
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Bernardo YADA, do Rosario DKA, Conte-Junior CA. Principles, Application, and Gaps of High-Intensity Ultrasound and High-Pressure Processing to Improve Meat Texture. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030476. [PMID: 36766002 PMCID: PMC9914770 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the most recently applied emerging non-thermal technologies (NTT) to improve meat tenderization, high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS), and high-pressure processing (HPP), aiming to understand if individual effects are beneficial and how extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence meat toughness. We performed a systematic literature search and meta-analysis in four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed). Among the recovered articles (n = 192), 59 studies were included. We found better sonication time in the range of 2-20 min. Muscle composition significantly influences HIUS effects, being type IIb fiber muscles more difficult to tenderize (p < 0.05). HPP effects are beneficial to tenderization at 200-250 MPa and 15-20 min, being lower and higher conditions considered inconclusive, tending to tenderization. Despite these results, undesirable physicochemical, microstructural, and sensory alterations are still unknown or represent barriers against applying NTT at the industrial level. Optimization studies and more robust analyses are suggested to enable its future implementation. Moreover, combining NTT with plant enzymes demonstrates an interesting alternative to improve the tenderization effect caused by NTT. Therefore, HIUS and HPP are promising technologies for tenderization and should be optimized considering time, intensity, pressure, muscle composition, undesirable changes, and combination with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yago Alves de Aguiar Bernardo
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24230-340, RJ, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denes Kaic Alves do Rosario
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Center for Agrarian Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24230-340, RJ, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-2139387825
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17
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Grau R, Hernández S, Verdú S, Barat JM, Talens P. Studying process variables to obtain undisturbed shaped soft meat for people with poor oral health. Meat Sci 2022; 194:108960. [PMID: 36108395 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated injection (I) and vacuum impregnation (VI) as the best methods to apply papain, and other important processing conditions (batch, aging and cooking conditions), to obtain soft meat (suitable for people with poor oral health) without disturbing its original shape. Two aging times were evaluated and four cooking conditions by immersion in soup. Meat samples were injected or vacuum-impregned (0.85 kPa) with a papain solution (5% w/v). After cooking, they were analyzed by the compression test, and by image and sensory analyses. The results indicated that by using both methods to apply the enzyme, the obtained meat was suitable for people with poor oral health, even if VI was the better method because it minimized the factors batch, aging and cooking condition. Therefore, the best meat processing method to obtain panelists' highest softness values and the best appreciation was employing aged meat pretreated by VI and cooked at 65 °C for 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Grau
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Sergio Hernández
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Samuel Verdú
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Barat
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Talens
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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18
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Structure determinants defining the specificity of papain-like cysteine proteases. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:6552-6569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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19
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Tineo D, Bustamante DE, Calderon MS. Analysis of the complete plastidial genome of the newly highland papaya Vasconcellea carvalhoae (Caricaceae) from Peru. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:1882-1886. [PMID: 36325285 PMCID: PMC9621235 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2135407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Especially in South American Andean communities, Vasconcellea carvalhoae D. Tineo & D.E. Bustamante 2020 is a significant highland papaya with agronomic promise. High-throughput sequencing of the holotype specimen of V. carvalhoae from Peru (KUELAP227) resulted in the assembly of its complete plastid genome (GenBank accession number ON764441). The plastid genome of this highland papaya is 158,723 bp and contains 130 genes. This plastid genome is similar in length, content, and organization to other members of Caricaceae, except for the absence of the pseudogene infA. Phylogenetic analyses of V. carvalhoae support its sistership to V. pubescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tineo
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Danilo E. Bustamante
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru,Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental (IIIA), Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental (FICIAM), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru,CONTACT Danilo E. Bustamante Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Martha S. Calderon
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru,Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental (IIIA), Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental (FICIAM), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru
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20
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Kostiuchenko O, Kravchenko N, Markus J, Burleigh S, Fedkiv O, Cao L, Letasiova S, Skibo G, Fåk Hållenius F, Prykhodko O. Effects of Proteases from Pineapple and Papaya on Protein Digestive Capacity and Gut Microbiota in Healthy C57BL/6 Mice and Dose-Manner Response on Mucosal Permeability in Human Reconstructed Intestinal 3D Tissue Model. Metabolites 2022; 12:1027. [PMID: 36355110 PMCID: PMC9696696 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine proteases obtained from the stem of pineapple or papaya latex, bromelain and papain, respectively, exhibit a broad spectrum of beneficial effects on human health. However, their effects on gut microbiota composition or dose-manner effects on the intestinal integrity of healthy tissue have not been evaluated. In this study, C57BL/6 young, healthy mice were fed bromelain or papain in a dose of 1 mg per animal/day for three consecutive days, followed by the assessment of digestive protein capacity, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, a human reconstructed 3D tissue model EpiIntestinal (SMI-100) was used to study the effects of 1, 0.1 and 10 mg/mL doses of each enzyme on tissue integrity and mucosal permeability using TEER measurements and passage of Lucifer Yellow marker from the apical to the basolateral side of the mucosa. The results indicated that fruit proteases have the potential to modulate gut microbiota with decreasing abundance of Proteobacteria and increasing beneficial Akkermansia muciniphila. The enhancement of pancreatic trypsin was observed in bromelain and papain supplementation, while bromelain also increased the thickness of the ileal mucosa. Furthermore, an in vitro study showed a dose-dependent interruption in epithelial integrity, which resulted in increased paracellular permeability by the highest doses of enzymes. These findings define bromelain and papain as promising enzymatic supplementation for controlled enhancement of paracellular uptake when needed, together with beneficial effects on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Kostiuchenko
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, 010 24 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia Kravchenko
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, 010 24 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Jan Markus
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, 821 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stephen Burleigh
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olexandr Fedkiv
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Silvia Letasiova
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, 821 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Galyna Skibo
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, 010 24 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Frida Fåk Hållenius
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olena Prykhodko
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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21
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The Efficacy of Plant Enzymes Bromelain and Papain as a Tool for Reducing Gluten Immunogenicity from Wheat Bran. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluten-free products made from naturally gluten-free raw materials have an inferior taste and can cause deficiencies in various nutrients, especially non-starch polysaccharides. To address this problem, scientists are searching for new strategies to eliminate harmful gluten from wheat, rye, and barley and to produce balanced products with good organoleptic properties. This study evaluated the possibility of hydrolysing gluten in wheat bran, a by-product obtained after the dry fractionation of wheat, using plant enzymes. The gluten content of wheat bran after treatment with papain, bromelain, and their combination under different hydrolysis conditions was investigated. The amount of gluten was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA R5 and the reduction in immunogenic gliadins was analysed using high-performance reverse phase liquid chromatography. The results of the study showed that 4 h hydrolysis with bromelain and papain reduced the levels of gluten immunogenic compounds in bran from 58,650.00 to 2588.20–3544.50 mg/kg; however, they did not reach the gluten-free limit. A higher hydrolysis efficiency of 95.59% was observed after treatment with papain, while the combination of both enzymes and bromelain alone were less effective. The results presented in this article will be helpful to other researchers and manufacturers of wheat-based products when selecting methods to reduce gluten immunogenicity and contribute to the development of sustainable technologies.
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22
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Novel Immobilized Biocatalysts Based on Cysteine Proteases Bound to 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan and Research on Their Structural Features. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153223. [PMID: 35956736 PMCID: PMC9370924 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Briefly, 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) chitosan, which is a chitosan water-soluble derivative, with molecular weights of 200, 350, and 600 kDa, was successfully synthesized. The immobilization of ficin, papain, and bromelain was carried out by complexation with these polymers. The interaction mechanism of 2-(4-acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) chitosan with bromelain, ficin, and papain was studied using FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the hydroxy, thionyl, and amino groups of 2-(4-acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) chitosan were involved in the complexation process. Molecular docking research showed that all amino acid residues of the active site of papain formed hydrogen bonds with the immobilization matrix, while only two catalytically valuable amino acid residues took part in the H-bond formation for bromelain and ficin. The spectral and in silico data were in good agreement with the catalytic activity evaluation data. Immobilized papain was more active compared to the other immobilized proteases. Moreover, the total and specific proteolytic activity of papain immobilized on the carrier with a molecular weight of 350 kDa were higher compared to the native one due to the hyperactivation. The optimal ratio of protein content (mg × g −1 of carrier), total activity (U × mL−1 of solution), and specific activity (U × mg−1 of protein) was determined for the enzymes immobilized on 2-(4-acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) chitosan with a molecular weight of 350 kDa.
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23
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Identification of allergens and allergen hydrolysates by proteomics and metabolomics: A comparative study of natural and enzymolytic bee pollen. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Trevisol TC, Henriques RO, Cesca K, Souza AJA, Furigo A. In Vitro Effect on the Proteolytic Activity of Papain with Proteins of the Skin as Substrate. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:542-554. [PMID: 35892222 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aims to evaluate the effects of enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and time course degree of hydrolysis (DH) of papain regarding further development of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. METHODS The hydrolysis of casein, collagen, keratin, and porcine skin at pH and temperature ranges of the human skin was evaluated. Also, low contact times of enzyme-substrate were studied. The incorporation of 3 mM of cysteine improved the caseinolytic (PU), collagenolytic (CU), and keratinolytic (KU) activities of papain. RESULTS In general, the increase from 0.1 to 1.0 or 2.0 mg mL-1 of papain improved PU, CU, and KU. When 2.0 mg mL-1 of papain was used, the highest DH of casein, collagen, and keratin were obtained at 240 min (14, 35, and 6%, respectively). The decrease in pH and temperature reduced all proteolytic activities, but papain maintained at least 50 and 40% of its activity at 26 °C and pH 4.5, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of the skin showed that papain application had exfoliating activity. CONCLUSION This pre-formulation study demonstrated that papain concentration, time of application, and pH of the product should be evaluated when developing a product to promote the hydrolysis of the proteins of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Canton Trevisol
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rosana Oliveira Henriques
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Karina Cesca
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Júlia Antunes Souza
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Agenor Furigo
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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25
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Peptidomics analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis beef. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1267-1275. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lv J, Lin X, Wang W, Xu W, Li C, Ji C, Liang H, Li S, Zhang S, Zhu B. Effects of papain,
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
1‐24‐LJ and their combinations on bacterial community changes and flavour improvement in
Suanzhayu
, a Chinese traditional fish. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
- College of Food and Bioengineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450001 China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control Zhengzhou 450001 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Production and Safety Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Xinping Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Wenhuan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Caichan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Chaofan Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Huipeng Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Shengjie Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
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Holyavka MG, Pankova SM, Vyshkvorkina YM, Lukin AN, Kondratyev MS, Artyukhov VG. Chitosan as Photo Protector for Papain Immobilized on Its Matrix. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350922030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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León Madrazo A, Segura Campos MR. In silico prediction of peptide variants from chia (S. hispanica L.) with antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant potential. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 98:107695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Prediction of ACE-I Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.): In Silico Assessments Using Simulated Enzymatic Hydrolysis, Molecular Docking and ADMET Evaluation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111576. [PMID: 35681326 PMCID: PMC9180818 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) peptides have shown in vitro potential to inhibit the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE-I). However, the potential molecular interactions between chickpea peptides (CP) and ACE-I as well as their ADMET (absorption/distribution/metabolism/excretion/toxicity) characteristics remain unknown. Thus, our aim was to study the in silico interactions of CP with ACE-I and the CP ADMET characteristics. Legumin and provicilin sequences were submitted to in silico analysis to search for ACE-I inhibitory peptides. Simulated enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using the BIOPEP-UWM database, and the ACE-I inhibitory peptides generated (EC50 ≤ 200 μM) were selected to perform molecular docking and ADMET analysis. After hydrolysis, 59 out of 381 peptides with ACE-I inhibitory potential were released. Based on A and B parameters, the legumin peptides showed better ACE-I inhibitory potential than the provicilin ones. CP mainly interact with residues from pocket S1 (Ala354/Glu384) and S2 (His353/His513) through hydrogen bonds (distances < 3.0 Å) and hydrophobic interactions (binding energy from −5.7 to −9.2 kcal/mol). Through ADMET analysis, CP showed optimal values for inhibiting ACE-I in vivo. ACE-I inhibitory peptides from legumin and provicilin can bind strongly and tightly to the active site of ACE-I. Further studies to evaluate in vivo the antihypertensive effects of CP are warranted.
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30
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Mirzaei F, Valizadeh H, Pazhang M. Immobilization of papain on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots improves the enzymatic properties and makes it a biosensor for cystatin C. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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David Troncoso F, Alberto Sánchez D, Luján Ferreira M. Production of Plant Proteases and New Biotechnological Applications: An Updated Review. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200017. [PMID: 35286022 PMCID: PMC8919702 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An updated review of emerging plant proteases with potential biotechnological application is presented. Plant proteases show comparable or even greater performance than animal or microbial proteases for by‐product valorization through hydrolysis for, for example, cheese whey, bird feathers, collagen, keratinous materials, gelatin, fish protein, and soy protein. Active biopeptides can be obtained as high added value products, which have shown numerous beneficial effects on human health. Plant proteases can also be used for wastewater treatment. The production of new plant proteases is encouraged for the following advantages: low cost of isolation using simple procedures, remarkable stability over a wide range of operating conditions (temperature, pH, salinity, and organic solvents), substantial affinity to a broad variety of substrates, and possibility of immobilization. Vegetable proteases have enormous application potential for the valorization of industrial waste and its conversion into products with high added value through low‐cost processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco David Troncoso
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina.,Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química, PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alberto Sánchez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina.,Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química, PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
| | - María Luján Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina.,Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química, PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
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Morris P, García-Arrazola R, Rios-Solis L, Dalby PA. Biophysical characterization of the inactivation of E. coli transketolase by aqueous co-solvents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23584. [PMID: 34880340 PMCID: PMC8654844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transketolase (TK) has been previously engineered, using semi-rational directed evolution and substrate walking, to accept increasingly aliphatic, cyclic, and then aromatic substrates. This has ultimately led to the poor water solubility of new substrates, as a potential bottleneck to further exploitation of this enzyme in biocatalysis. Here we used a range of biophysical studies to characterise the response of both E. coli apo- and holo-TK activity and structure to a range of polar organic co-solvents: acetonitrile (AcCN), n-butanol (nBuOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), isopropanol (iPrOH), and tetrahydrofuran (THF). The mechanism of enzyme deactivation was found to be predominantly via solvent-induced local unfolding. Holo-TK is thermodynamically more stable than apo-TK and yet for four of the five co-solvents it retained less activity than apo-TK after exposure to organic solvents, indicating that solvent tolerance was not simply correlated to global conformational stability. The co-solvent concentrations required for complete enzyme inactivation was inversely proportional to co-solvent log(P), while the unfolding rate was directly proportional, indicating that the solvents interact with and partially unfold the enzyme through hydrophobic contacts. Small amounts of aggregate formed in some cases, but this was not sufficient to explain the enzyme inactivation. TK was found to be tolerant to 15% (v/v) iPrOH, 10% (v/v) AcCN, or 6% (v/v) nBuOH over 3 h. This work indicates that future attempts to engineer the enzyme to better tolerate co-solvents should focus on increasing the stability of the protein to local unfolding, particularly in and around the cofactor-binding loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phattaraporn Morris
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Chemical Metrology and Biometry Department, National Institute of Metrology, 3/4-5 Moo 3, Klong 5, Klong Luang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ribia García-Arrazola
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leonardo Rios-Solis
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology (SynthSys), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
| | - Paul A Dalby
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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33
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Optimization, identification, and comparison of peptides from germinated chickpea (Cicer arietinum) protein hydrolysates using either papain or ficin and their relationship with markers of type 2 diabetes. Food Chem 2021; 374:131717. [PMID: 34920404 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to optimize and compare the production of antidiabetic peptides from germinated chickpea isolated protein using either papain or ficin. Kabuli chickpeas were germinated for 2, 4 and 6 days. Proteins were isolated, and peptides were produced based on a central composite design selecting human dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) inhibition as a response. Peptide sequencing was performed to identify and evaluate the physiochemical, biochemical and bitterness properties. DPP-IV inhibition using papain was 84.66 ± 8.72%, with ficin being 72.05 ± 1.20%. The optimum hydrolysate conditions were 6 days germination, 1:10 E/S, and 30 min ficin hydrolysis; SPGAGKG, GLAR, and STSA were identified. Pure SPGAGKG had relatively high affinity for DPP-IV (-7.2 kcal/mol) and α-glucosidase inhibition (-5.9 kcal/mol), with an IC50 of 0.27 mg/mL for DPP-IV inhibition. Peptides in the chickpea hydrolysate inhibited markers of T2D, indicating that the optimal conditions could be used to prepare a functional food ingredient.
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34
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Fenice M, Khare SK, Gorrasi S. Editorial: Mining, Designing, Mechanisms and Applications of Extremophilic Enzymes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:709377. [PMID: 34759895 PMCID: PMC8573210 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Fenice
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ecologiche, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sunil Kumar Khare
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Susanna Gorrasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ecologiche, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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35
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Sáringer S, Valtner T, Varga Á, Maléth J, Szilágyi I. Development of polymer-based multifunctional composite particles of protease and peroxidase activities. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:2523-2533. [PMID: 34757359 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01861b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid material (SL-PPN-HEP-HRP) of dual enzyme function was prepared by co-immobilization of papain (PPN) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on sulphate latex (SL) microspheres using heparin (HEP) polyelectrolyte as a building block in the sequential adsorption method. The doses of PPN, HEP and HRP were optimized in each step of the preparation process to achieve high functional and colloidal stability. The enzymes and the polyelectrolyte strongly adsorbed on the oppositely charged surfaces via electrostatic forces, and enzyme leakage was not observed from the hybrid material, as confirmed by colorimetric protein tests and microscopy measurements. It was found that the polyelectrolyte acted as a separator between PPN and HRP to prevent hydrolytic attack on the latter enzyme, which otherwise prevents the joint use of these important biocatalysts. Excellent colloidal stability was obtained for the SL-PPN-HEP-HRP composite and the embedded PPN and HRP showed remarkable protease and peroxidase activities, respectively, at least until five days after preparation. The present results offer a promising approach to develop biocatalytic systems of dual function, which are often required in manufacturing processes in the food industry, where the colloidal stability of such multifunctional materials is a key parameter to achieve remarkable efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilárd Sáringer
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Valtner
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Varga
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group and HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Maléth
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group and HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szilágyi
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Diversity Profiling of Seed Associated Endophytic Microbiome in Important Species of Caricaceae Family. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres12040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Plant associated endophytic microbes play an important role in plant’s growth and development. After seed germination, the seed associated endophytes rapidly colonize the seedlings and help in their growth and protection against pathogens. This study was aimed to understand the diversity in the endophytic microbial population associated with the seeds of papaya (Carica papaya) and its wild relatives from Vasconcellea genus (family: Caricaceae). The species of Vasconcellea genus are widely used to introgress virus resistance in cultivated varieties of papaya. Hence, the diversity of seed associated endophytic microbes and their gene functional analysis was carried out through next generation sequencing of the microbial 16S rRNA and ITS sequences. Results: The 16S rRNA amplicon analysis revealed that the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was higher for the endophytic bacteria, ranging between 144–204 when compared to 41–69 OTUs for the endophytic fungi. The bacterial phylum Proteobacteria was the most abundant seed associated phylum, with 64.7–72.8% abundance, across all four species of Caricaceae family, followed by Firmicutes (13.6–26.1%), Patescibacteria (1.1–2%) and Actinobacteria (0.7–2.7%). With respect to the diversity of bacteria by abundance indices, Vasconcellea goudotiana had the highest OTUs of 204, followed by 177 in V. cauliflora, 156 in V. cundinamarcensis, and 144 in C. papaya. The alpha diversity indices and functional analysis revealed the differences in the OTUs and the functional annotations among the above four plant species. The fungal OTUs were in the range of 41–69; however, only a small fraction of them could be taxonomically classified. Conclusion: Our microbiome studies reveal the differences in the seed associated endophytic microbial community across the four plant species of Caricaceae family. This study also unravels the composition of endophytic microbial population associated with the seeds of different plant species of Caricaceae family and their gene functions. It also provides an insight into both culturable and nonculturable endophytic microbes. Further this study reveals that domestication of Carica papaya might have resulted into reduced microbial diversity when compared to their wild relatives from Vasconcellea genus.
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Phenolic compounds in mango fruit: a review. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Xiang L, Qiu Z, Zhao R, Zheng Z, Qiao X. Advancement and prospects of production, transport, functional activity and structure-activity relationship of food-derived angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1437-1463. [PMID: 34521280 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1964433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Food-derived antihypertensive peptides have attracted increasing attention in functional foods for health promotion, due to their high biological activity, low toxicity and easy metabolism in the human body. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a key enzyme that causes the increase in blood pressure in mammals. However, few reviews have summarized the current understanding of ACE inhibitory peptides and their knowledge gaps. This paper focuses on the food origins and production methods of ACE inhibitory peptides. Compared with conventional methods, the advanced technologies and emerging bioinformatics approaches have recently been applied for efficient and targeted release of ACE inhibitory peptides from food proteins. Furthermore, the transport and underlying mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptides are emphatically described. Molecular modeling and the Michaelis-Menten equation can provide information on how ACE inhibitors function. Finally, we discuss the structure-activity relationships and other bio-functional properties of ACE inhibitory peptides. Molecular weight, hydrophobic amino acid residues, charge, amino acid composition and sequence (especially at the C-terminal and N-terminal) have a significant influence on ACE inhibitory activity. Some studies are required to increase productivity, improve bioavailability of peptides, evaluate their bio-accessibility and efficiency on reducing blood pressure to provide a reference for the development and application of health products and auxiliary treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhichang Qiu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Renjie Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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39
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Dube S, Rawtani D. Understanding intricacies of bioinspired organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers: A quest to achieve enhanced biomolecules immobilization for biocatalytic, biosensing and bioremediation applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 295:102484. [PMID: 34358991 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The immobilization of biomolecules has been a subject of interest for scientists for a long time. The organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers are a new class of nanostructures that act as a host platform for the immobilization of such biomolecules. It provides better practical applicability to these functional biomolecules while also providing superior activity and reusability when catalysis is involved. These nanostructures have a versatile and straightforward synthesis process and also exhibit enzyme mimicking activity in many cases. However, this facile synthesis involves many intricacies that require in-depth analysis to fully attain its potential as an immobilization technique. A complete account of all the factors involving the synthesis process optimisation is essential to be studied to make it commercially viable. This paper explores all the different aspects of hybrid nanoflowers which sets them apart from the conventional immobilization techniques while also giving an overview of its wide range of applications in industries.
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Morellon-Sterling R, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Kamli MR, Tavano O, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of papain: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:94-113. [PMID: 34375660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Papain is a cysteine protease from papaya, with many applications due to its broad specificity. This paper reviews for first time the immobilization of papain on different supports (organic, inorganic or hybrid supports) presenting some of the features of the utilized immobilization strategies (e.g., epoxide, glutaraldehyde, genipin, glyoxyl for covalent immobilization). Special focus is placed on the preparation of magnetic biocatalysts, which will permit the simple recovery of the biocatalyst even if the medium is a suspension. Problems specific to the immobilization of proteases (e.g., steric problems when hydrolyzing large proteins) are also defined. The benefits of a proper immobilization (enzyme stabilization, widening of the operation window) are discussed, together with some artifacts that may suggest an enzyme stabilization that may be unrelated to enzyme rigidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Student of Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External advisory board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Morellon-Sterling R, Tavano O, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Vela-Gutiérrez G, Rather IA, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Bioactive peptides from fisheries residues: A review of use of papain in proteolysis reactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:415-428. [PMID: 34157329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Papain is a cysteine endopeptidase of vegetal origin (papaya (Carica papaya L.) with diverse applications in food technology. In this review we have focused our attention on its application in the production of bio-peptides by hydrolysis of proteins from fish residues. This way, a residual material, that can become a contaminant if dumped without control, is converted into highly interesting products. The main bioactivity of the produced peptides is their antioxidant activity, followed by their nutritional and functional activities, but peptides with many other bioactivities have been produced. Thera are also examples of production of hydrolysates with several bioactivities. The enzyme may be used alone, or in combination with other enzymes to increase the degree of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Gilber Vela-Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Irfan A Rather
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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42
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Li C, Feng X, Sun L, Zhou L, Sun J, Wang Z, Liao D, Lan P, Lan X. Non-covalent and covalent immobilization of papain onto Ti 3C 2 MXene nanosheets. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 148:109817. [PMID: 34116748 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Papain was immobilized onto Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets by physical adsorption and physical adsorption combined with covalent crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets were prepared by hydrofluoric acid etching method. The resulting products were well characterized by SEM, BET, XRD, FTIR, XPS. The optimized immobilization conditions are pH 6.5, immobilization time of 20 h, immobilization temperature of 10℃, and 10 mL 2 mg mL-1 papain, the amount of papain immobilized was 156 mg g-1, the activity of the immobilized papain determined was 1701 U∙g-1. The immobilized papain exhibited enhanced pH and temperature endurances, immobilized papain also showed improved storage stability (39.25 % and 65.57 % after 20 days of storage at 4 °C). papain reusability was significantly improved after immobilization and it retained more than 50 % of its initial activity after 5 repeated cycles. Interestingly, the results of immobilized enzymes demonstrated that the immobilization of enzymes on Ti3C2 MXene is feasible. Such approach could be transferred to other support systems for anchoring enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhi Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhen Feng
- Medical College, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dankui Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, 530008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongdiao Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, 530008, People's Republic of China.
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Baidamshina DR, Koroleva VA, Olshannikova SS, Trizna EY, Bogachev MI, Artyukhov VG, Holyavka MG, Kayumov AR. Biochemical Properties and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Chitosan-Immobilized Papain. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19040197. [PMID: 33807362 PMCID: PMC8066807 DOI: 10.3390/md19040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, the product of chitin deacetylation, is an excellent candidate for enzyme immobilization purposes. Here we demonstrate that papain, an endolytic cysteine protease (EC: 3.4.22.2) from Carica papaya latex immobilized on the matrixes of medium molecular (200 kDa) and high molecular (350 kDa) weight chitosans exhibits anti-biofilm activity and increases the antimicrobials efficiency against biofilm-embedded bacteria. Immobilization in glycine buffer (pH 9.0) allowed adsorption up to 30% of the total protein (mg g chitosan−1) and specific activity (U mg protein−1), leading to the preservation of more than 90% of the initial total activity (U mL−1). While optimal pH and temperature of the immobilized papain did not change, the immobilized enzyme exhibited elevated thermal stability and 6–7-fold longer half-life time in comparison with the soluble papain. While one-half of the total enzyme dissociates from both carriers in 24 h, this property could be used for wound-dressing materials design with dosed release of the enzyme to overcome the relatively high cytotoxicity of soluble papain. Our results indicate that both soluble and immobilized papain efficiently destroy biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. As a consequence, papain, both soluble and immobilized on medium molecular weight chitosan, is capable of potentiating the efficacy of antimicrobials against biofilm-embedded Staphylococci. Thus, papain immobilized on medium molecular weight chitosan appears a presumably beneficial agent for outer wound treatment for biofilms destruction, increasing antimicrobial treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R. Baidamshina
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (D.R.B.); (E.Y.T.)
| | - Victoria A. Koroleva
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.S.O.); (V.G.A.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Svetlana S. Olshannikova
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.S.O.); (V.G.A.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Elena Yu. Trizna
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (D.R.B.); (E.Y.T.)
| | - Mikhail I. Bogachev
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;
| | - Valeriy G. Artyukhov
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.S.O.); (V.G.A.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Marina G. Holyavka
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.S.O.); (V.G.A.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Airat R. Kayumov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (D.R.B.); (E.Y.T.)
- Interdepartment Research Laboratory, Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after N.E. Bauman, Kazan 420029, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(904)-665-19-08
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44
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Holyavka M, Faizullin D, Koroleva V, Olshannikova S, Zakhartchenko N, Zuev Y, Kondratyev M, Zakharova E, Artyukhov V. Novel biotechnological formulations of cysteine proteases, immobilized on chitosan. Structure, stability and activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:161-176. [PMID: 33676977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bromelain, papain, and ficin are studied the most for meat tenderization, but have limited application due to their short lifetime. The aim of this work is to identify the adsorption mechanisms of these cysteine proteases on chitosan to improve the enzymes' stability. It is known that immobilization can lead to a significant loss of enzyme activity, which we observed during the sorption of bromelain (protease activity compared to soluble enzyme is 49% for medium and 64% for high molecular weight chitosan), papain (34 and 28% respectively) and ficin (69 and 70% respectively). Immobilization on the chitosan matrix leads to a partial destruction of protein helical structure (from 5 to 19%). Using computer modelling, we have shown that the sorption of cysteine proteases on chitosan is carried out by molecule regions located on the border of domains L and R, including active cites of the enzymes, which explains the decrease in their catalytic activity upon immobilization. The immobilization on chitosan does not shift the optimal range of pH (7.5) and temperature values (60 °C for bromelain and papain, 37-60 °C for ficin), but significantly increases the stability of biocatalysts (from 5.8 times for bromelain to 7.6 times for papain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Holyavka
- Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation; Sevastopol State University, Universitetskaya st. 33, Sevastopol 299053, Russian Federation.
| | - Dzhigangir Faizullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31, Lobachevsky st., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Victoria Koroleva
- Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Olshannikova
- Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Nataliya Zakhartchenko
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31, Lobachevsky st., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Yuriy Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31, Lobachevsky st., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Kondratyev
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Puschino, Moscow region 142290, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Zakharova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Puschino, Moscow region 142290, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriy Artyukhov
- Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation
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45
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Continuous production of tempe-based bioactive peptides using an automated enzymatic membrane reactor. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lambrecht MA, Monge-Morera M, Godefroidt T, Vluymans N, Deleu LJ, Goos P, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F, Delcour JA. Hydrothermal Treatments Cause Wheat Gluten-Derived Peptides to Form Amyloid-like Fibrils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1963-1974. [PMID: 33544593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Formation of amyloid fibrils (i.e., protein structures containing a compact core of ordered β-sheet structures) from food proteins can improve their techno-functional properties. Wheat gluten is the most consumed cereal protein by humans and extensively present in food and feed systems. Hydrolysis of wheat gluten increases the solubility of its proteins and brings new opportunities for value creation. In this study, the formation of amyloid-like fibrils (ALFs) from wheat gluten peptides (WGPs) under food relevant processing conditions was investigated. Different hydrothermal treatments were tested to maximize the formation of straight ALFs from WGPs. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to study the extent of fibrillation and the morphology of the fibrils, respectively. First, the formation of fibrils by heating solutions of tryptic WGPs [degrees of hydrolysis 2.0% (DH 2) or 6.0% (DH 6)] was optimized using a response surface design. WGP solutions were incubated at different pH values, times, and temperatures. DH 6 WGPs had a higher propensity for fibrillation than did DH 2 WGPs. Heating DH 6 WGPs at 2.0% (w/v) for 38 h at 85 °C and pH 7.0 resulted in optimal fibrillation. Second, trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, papain, and proteinase K were used to produce different DH 6 WGPs. After enzyme inactivation and subsequent heating at optimal fibrillation conditions, chymotrypsin and proteinase K DH 6 WGPs produced small worm-like fibrils, whereas fibrils prepared from trypsin DH 6 WGPs were long and straight. The surface hydrophobicity of the peptides was key for fibrillation. Third, peptides from the wheat gluten components gliadin and glutenin fractions formed smaller and worm-like fibrils than did WGPs. Thus, the peptides of both gluten protein fractions jointly contribute to gluten fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies A Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margarita Monge-Morera
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thibault Godefroidt
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Vluymans
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lomme J Deleu
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Goos
- Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Verduzco L, García-Pérez AL, Guerrero-Santos R, Ledezma-Pérez A, Romero-García J, Torres-Lubián JR. Bioconjugation of papain with poly( N-vinylpyrrolidone): NMR characterization and study of its enzymatic activity. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A poly(vinylpyrrolidone) end-functionalized with a carboxylic acid group (PVP–CO2H) was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)/macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthates (MADIX) polymerization mediated by 4-(O-ethylxanthyl)methyl benzoic acid. The molecular weight of the as-synthesized PVP–CO2H was estimated through UV–vis spectroscopy (Mn(UV–vis) = 7322 g/mol), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (Mn(GPC) = 8670 g/mol), and 1H NMR, (Mn(NMR) = 8207 g/mol). The values obtained were close with the theoretical molecular weight (Mn(th) = 7925 g/mol). Subsequently, the preformed PVP–CO2H was activated to produce N-succinimidyl poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP–NHS). This precursor was covalently coupled to papain to produce bioconjugate PVP–papain. The functional group modifications in the PVP chain-end were observed by the variations in the chemical shift values by 1H and 13C NMR and FTIR analysis at each step of the synthesis. The molecular weight of the PVP–papain was obtained by SEC–HPLC and suggests that, on average, four or five chains of PVP–CO2H were attached to one papain molecule. Compared with papain, the PVP–papain exhibited significantly improved catalytic activity, pH, and thermal stability. Additionally, the storage studies showed that the catalytic activity of PVP–papain was about 79% versus the native enzyme (29%), and this activity was maintained even when it was stored for 25 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.E. Verduzco
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
- Departamento de Síntesis de Polímeros, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
| | - Ana L. García-Pérez
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
- Departamento de Síntesis de Polímeros, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
| | - Ramiro Guerrero-Santos
- Departamento de Síntesis de Polímeros, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
| | - Antonio Ledezma-Pérez
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
| | - Jorge Romero-García
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
| | - José R. Torres-Lubián
- Departamento de Síntesis de Polímeros, Centro de Investigación en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, 25294 Saltillo, Coah., Mexico
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Cao C, Xiao Z, Tong H, Tao X, Gu D, Wu Y, Xu Z, Ge C. Effect of ultrasound-assisted enzyme treatment on the quality of chicken breast meat. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Reyes Jara AM, Corrons MA, Salese L, Liggieri CS, Bruno MA. Peptidases from Maclura Pomifera for Preparation of Food Protein Hydrolysates: Purification by Single-Step Chromatography and Characterization of Pomiferin I. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:619-636. [PMID: 33047217 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to isolate peptidases from the latex of Maclura pomifera fruits and use them to hydrolyze food proteins, as well as to purify and characterize the main peptidase. Two partially purified proteolytic extracts were prepared by ethanol (EE) and acetone (AE) precipitation from an aqueous suspension of exuded fruit latex. EE was used to hydrolyze food proteins with a ratio of 0.19 caseinolytic units (Ucas) per mg of substrate. Different values of hydrolysis degree were observed for hydrolysates of egg white, soy protein isolate, and casein at 180 min (9.3%, 31.1%, and 29.1%, respectively). AE was employed to purify a peptidase which exhibited an isoelectric point (pI) of 8.70 and whose abundance in AE was 28.3%. This enzyme was purified to homogeneity using a single-step procedure by cation-exchange chromatography, achieving an 8.1-fold purification and a yield of 16.7%. The peptidase was named pomiferin I and showed a molecular mass of 63,177.77 Da. Kinetic constants (KM 0.84 mM, Vmax 27.50 uM s-1, kcat 72.37 s-1, and kcat/KM 86.15 mM-1 s-1) were determined employing N-α-carbobenzoxy-L-alanyl-p-nitrophenyl ester as substrate. Analysis by PMF showed only partial homology of pomiferin I with a serine peptidase from a species of the same family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Milagros Reyes Jara
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tècnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, 113 and 61, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Alicia Corrons
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 and 115, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lucía Salese
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tècnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 and 115, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Constanza Silvina Liggieri
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 and 115, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariela Anahí Bruno
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tècnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIPROVE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 and 115, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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50
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Comparative proteome analysis of matured dry and germinating Moringa oleifera seeds provides insights into protease activity during germination. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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