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Hu Y, Ma X, Lu L, Zhang L, Liao X, Luo X. Research Note: Metabolic utilization of iron from different iron sources in primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101873. [PMID: 35472742 PMCID: PMC9061631 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of iron (Fe) sources and levels on the Fe concentration and expressions of iron-containing enzymes or protein in primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos. The hepatocytes were incubated with 0, 0.25 and 0.50 mmol/L added Fe from either Fe sulfate, or 1 of 3 organic Fe chelates with weak (Fe-Met W), moderate (Fe-Pro M), or extremely strong (Fe-Pro ES) chelation strengths for 24 h. The results showed that all supplemental Fe treatments had higher (P < 0.05) Fe concentration, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), CAT and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) mRNA levels than those in the control group. The hepatocytes incubated with Fe-Prot ES had lower (P < 0.009) Fe concentration than those incubated with Fe sulfate, Fe-Met W or Fe-Prot M. The SDH mRNA level was lower (P < 0.05) in Fe sulfate and Fe-Prot ES groups than in Fe-Prot M group. In conclusion, the Fe from Fe-Prot ES was less utilizable than Fe from Fe sulfate, Fe-Met W or Fe-Pro M in primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos.
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Li T, He W, Liao X, Lin X, Zhang L, Lu L, Guo Y, Liu Z, Luo X. Zinc alleviates the heat stress of primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos via enhancing the antioxidant ability and attenuating the heat shock responses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:621-630. [PMID: 34401540 PMCID: PMC8334375 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) has been shown to attenuate the adverse effects of heat stress on broilers, but the mechanisms involving this process remain unclear. We aimed to investigate possible protective mechanisms of Zn on primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos subjected to heat stress. Three experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, hepatocytes were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L added Zn as inorganic Zn sulfate (iZn) for 12, 24 or 48 h. In Exp. 2, cells were exposed to 40 °C (a normal temperature [NT]) and 44 °C (a high temperature [HT]) for 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 h. In Exp. 3, cells were preincubated with 0 or 50 μmol/L Zn as iZn or organic Zn lysine chelate (oZn) for 8 h under NT, and then incubated with the same Zn treatments under NT or HT for 4 or 6 h. The biomarkers of antioxidative status and heat stress in cells were measured. The results in Exp. 1 indicated that 50 μmol/L Zn and 12 h incubation were the optimal conditions for increasing antioxidant ability of hepatocytes. In Exp. 2, the 4 or 6 h incubation under HT was effective in inducing heat shock responses of hepatocytes. In Exp. 3, HT elevated (P < 0.01) malondialdehyde content and expressions of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA and protein, as well as HSP90 mRNA. However, Zn supplementation increased (P < 0.05) copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) activity and metallothionein mRNA expression, and effectively decreased (P < 0.05) the expressions of HSP70 mRNA and protein, as well as HSP90 mRNA. Furthermore, oZn was more effective (P < 0.05) than iZn in enhancing CuZnSOD activity of hepatocytes under HT. It was concluded that Zn (especially oZn) could alleviate heat stress of broiler hepatocytes via enhancing their antioxidant ability and attenuating heat shock responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wengang He
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiudong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanli Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Gao W, Jin Y, Hao J, Huang S, Wang D, Quan F, Ren W, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yu X. Procyanidin B1 promotes in vitro maturation of pig oocytes by reducing oxidative stress. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 88:55-66. [PMID: 33241626 PMCID: PMC7894521 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress negatively affects the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes. Procyanidin B1 (PB1) is a natural polyphenolic compound that has antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of PB1 supplementation during IVM of porcine oocytes. Treatment with 100 μM PB1 significantly increased the MII oocytes rate (p <0.05), the parthenogenetic (PA) blastocyst rate (p <0.01) and the total cell number in the PA blastocyst (p < 0.01) which were cultured in regular in vitro culture (IVC) medium. The PA blastocyst rate of regular MII oocytes activated and cultured in IVC medium supplemented with 100 and 150 μM PB1 significantly increased compared with control (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). We also evaluated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) levels, glutathione (GSH) levels, and apoptotic levels in MII oocytes and cumulus cells following 100 μM PB1 treatment. The results showed that the PB1 supplementation decreased ROS production and apoptotic levels. In addition, PB1 was found to increase Δψm levels and GSH levels. In conclusion, PB1 inhibited apoptosis of oocytes and cumulus cells by reducing oxidative stress. Moreover, PB1 improved the quality of oocytes and promoted PA embryo development. Taken together, our results suggest that PB1 is a promising antioxidant additive for IVM of oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxun Jin
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jindong Hao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fushi Quan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianfeng Yu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Grzegorzewska AK, Ocłoń E, Kucharski M, Sechman A. Effect of in vitro sodium fluoride treatment on CAT, SOD and Nrf mRNA expression and immunolocalisation in chicken (Gallus domesticus) embryonic gonads. Theriogenology 2020; 157:263-275. [PMID: 32823022 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on oxidative stress in chicken embryonic gonads. Following exposure to varying concentrations of NaF for 6 h, mRNA expression and immunolocalisation of catalase (CAT), sodium dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) and nuclear respiratory factors (Nrf1 and Nrf) were analysed in the gonads. In the ovary, a dose-dependent increase in mRNA expression of CAT, Nrf1 and Nrf2 following NaF exposure was found, while the intensity of immunolocalised CAT, SOD2 and Nrf1 was higher in NaF-treated groups. In the testis, no effect of NaF on CAT, SOD1 and Nrf1 mRNA levels was observed; however, NaF (3.5-14.2 mM) elevated Nrf2 mRNA expression. NaF, at a dose of 7.1 mM, increased the immunoreactivity of Nrf1 and SOD2. Further experiments evaluated the ovary and testes when incubated with NaF (7.1 mM), vitamin C (Vitamin C, 4 mM) or NaF + Vitamin C. mRNA expression of all four examined genes in the whole ovary and immunoreactivity of Nrf1 and CAT in the ovarian medulla increased in each experimental group. Similar effects were observed in the testis, where mRNA expression, as well as CAT and Nrf2 immunoreactivity, increased in Vitamin C and NaF + Vitamin C-treated groups. In summary, NaF exposure generated oxidative stress which is manifested by increased expression of free radical scavenging enzymes in chicken embryonic gonads. High doses of Vitamin C did not reverse this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Grzegorzewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
| | - E Ocłoń
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, Laboratory of Recombinant Proteins Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Redzina 1c, 30-248, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Kucharski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - A Sechman
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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Liao G, Song X, Wang X, Zhang W, Zhang L, Qiu J, Hou R. Cytotoxicity of 2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) and its metabolites in the chicken embryo liver cells of laying hens. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110338. [PMID: 32135376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) is known as a persistent pollutant that was found in eggs in China. PCB 95 can be metabolized into OH-PCB95 and MeO-PCB95 in liver microsomes. However, the toxicity and its mechanism of PCB95 or its metabolites have been little studied on laying hens. Herein, chicken embryo liver cells of laying hens were selected and treated with different levels of PCB95 and its two metabolites, and the EC50 of PCB95, OH-PCB95, MeO-PCB95 was 80.85, 4.81 and 107.04 μg/mL respectively, indicating that OH-PCB95 is much more cytotoxic than PCB95 or MeO-PCB95. Targeted metabolomics was further used to study the effects of the parent compound and its metabolites on cell metabolism. The results showed that four primary types of glycerophospholipids were down-regulated after exposure to PCB95 and its metabolites, especially PE and PS (60% more than the control for PCB95, 40% for OH-PCB95, and less than 40% for MeO-PCB95). KEGG pathway analysis based on amino acid metabolism showed that PCB95 may mainly interfere with the amino acids involved in immune regulation (phenylalanine and tyrosine), and OH-PCB95 may be associated with genetic disoders (cysteine, methionine and purine metabolism). However, the metabolic pathways induced by MeO-PCB95 are quite different from those induced by PCB95 and OH-PCB95, affecting mainly D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, alanine and glutamate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism; these pathways mainly regulate the elimination of excess purines and are involved in the synthesis of the amino acids required by cells. These results showed that OH-PCB95 has the highest toxicity on chicken embryo liver cells and MeO-PCB95 could be a detoxification product of PCB95 and OH-PCB95. This study contributes to the understanding of the different effects of PCB95 and its metabolites on cellular metabolism, and the data are helpful in evaluating the hepatotoxic effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Lab of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Lab of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Establishment and Characterization of a Novel Tissue-specific DNA Construct and Culture System with Potential for Avian Bioreactor Generation. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 61:400-409. [PMID: 30945164 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic chickens are of great interest for the production of recombinant proteins in their eggs. However, the use of constitutive strong promoters or the tissue-specific ovalbumin promoter for the generation of the transgenic chickens have different drawbacks that have to be overcome in order to make chicken bioreactor an efficient production system. This prompted us to investigate the use of an alternative tissue-specific promoter, the vitellogenin promoter, which could overcome the difficulties currently found in the generation of chicken bioreactors. In the present work we establish and characterize a DNA construct consisting of a fragment of the 5´-flanking region of the chicken vitellogenin II gene cloned in a reporter vector. This construct is capable of showing the ability of the promoter to drive expression of a reporting gene in a tissue-specific manner and in a way that closely resembles physiologic regulation of vitellogenin, making it an ideal candidate to be used in the future for generation of avian bioreactors. Besides, we validate an in vitro culture system to test the performance of the DNA construct under study that could be used as a practical tool before generating any transgenic chicken. These results are important since they provide the proof of concept for the use of the vitellogenin promoter for future genetic modification of chickens bioreactors with improved characteristics in terms of quality of the recombinant protein produced.
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Feng D, Wang X, Li E, Bu X, Qiao F, Qin J, Chen L. Dietary Aroclor 1254-Induced Toxicity on Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity and Energy Metabolism in Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis: Amelioration by Vitamin A. Front Physiol 2019; 10:722. [PMID: 31244681 PMCID: PMC6581683 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of dietary Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and dietary vitamin A supplementation on Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were studied with the aim to explain dietary PCB toxicity and toxic alleviation by vitamin A intake in crab. Four diets were used including three experimental diets containing 0, 80000 or 240000 IU/kg vitamin A with each experimental diet containing 10 mg PCB/kg diet, and a control diet (without vitamin A and PCB supplementation) in 56 days feeding trial. Crabs fed the PCB-only diet had significantly lower weight gain than those fed the control diet. No significant difference was observed in crab survival among all groups. Crabs fed the PCB-only diet had a significantly higher malondialdehyde content and antioxidase superoxide dismutase activity in the serum and hepatopancreas, and higher erythromycin N-demethylase and glutathione S-transferase activities in the hepatopancreas than those fed the control diet. However, supplementation of dietary vitamin A decreased the levels of all these parameters. The hepatopancreatic cytochrome P450 2 and 4 (CYP2, CYP4), fatty acid binding proteins 3 and 10 (FABP3, FABP10) and intracellular lipolytic enzyme (IL) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) levels in the PCB-only group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and dietary 240000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementation decreased hepatopancreatic CYP4, FABP3, FABP10 and IL enzyme mRNA level. The crabs fed 80000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementation diet had the highest level of retinoid X receptor mRNA in the hepatopancreas. The structure of the hepatopancreas was damaged and the deposit of lipid droplets decreased with dietary PCB exposure. Both levels of vitamin A supplementation alleviated the damage and increased lipid droplets in the hepatopancreas. Dietary PCB exposure significantly reduced total hemocyte count (THC), and phenoloxidase, acid phosphatase activities in the serum. Post-challenge survival of crab in the experimental PCB-only diet group was low compared with that in the control. Supplementation of 240000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly increased the THC and phenoloxidase activity in the serum and post-challenge survival compared with those in the PCB-only group. This study indicates that dietary vitamin A can improve the antioxidant capacity, immune response, detoxification enzymes activities, energy metabolism and hepatopancreas tissue structure of Chinese mitten crab fed PCB contaminated diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Feng
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xianyong Bu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Poljšak B, Fink R. The protective role of antioxidants in the defence against ROS/RNS-mediated environmental pollution. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:671539. [PMID: 25140198 PMCID: PMC4129148 DOI: 10.1155/2014/671539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can result from exposure to environmental pollutants, such as ionising and nonionising radiation, ultraviolet radiation, elevated concentrations of ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, cigarette smoke, asbestos, particulate matter, pesticides, dioxins and furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and many other compounds present in the environment. It appears that increased oxidative/nitrosative stress is often neglected mechanism by which environmental pollutants affect human health. Oxidation of and oxidative damage to cellular components and biomolecules have been suggested to be involved in the aetiology of several chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and aging. Several studies have demonstrated that the human body can alleviate oxidative stress using exogenous antioxidants. However, not all dietary antioxidant supplements display protective effects, for example, β-carotene for lung cancer prevention in smokers or tocopherols for photooxidative stress. In this review, we explore the increases in oxidative stress caused by exposure to environmental pollutants and the protective effects of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljšak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Fink
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Qu J, Liu W, Huang C, Xu C, Du G, Gu A, Wang X. Estrogen receptors are involved in polychlorinated biphenyl-induced apoptosis on mouse spermatocyte GC-2 cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 28:373-80. [PMID: 24216299 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread persistent environmental contaminants which have been shown to have reproductive toxicity and to disturb spermatogenesis. But the precise mechanism is not clear. A mouse pachytene spermatocyte-derived cell line, GC-2 cells were used in the present study to investigate the toxic effect of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Results showed that Aroclor 1254 inhibited cell proliferation, caused the arrest of cells in G0/G1 phase and induced apoptosis which might be partly explained by the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 together with the activation of caspase-3. Besides, the treatment of Aroclor 1254 decreased the protein expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α while increasing that of ERβ. Then the administration of selective ERα agonist PPT partly reversed Aroclor 1254-induced alteration in Bcl-2, caspase-3 and cyclin D1 protein expression while selective ERβ agonist DPN accelerated it. These results suggest that Aroclor 1254, working through ERα and ERβ, interferes with the expression of proteins involved in the balance between cellular apoptosis and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; School of Public Health, NanTong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Bussmann UA, Pérez Sáez JM, Bussmann LE, Barañao JL. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leads to impairment of estrogen-driven chicken vitellogenin promoter activity in LMH cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 157:111-8. [PMID: 23103859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates most of the toxic effects of environmental contaminants. Among the multiple pleiotropic responses elicited by AHR agonists, the antiestrogenic and endocrine-disrupting action of the receptor activation is one of the most studied. It has been demonstrated that some AHR agonists disrupt estradiol-induced vitellogenin synthesis in the fish liver via a mechanism that involves crosstalk between the AHR and the estrogen receptor (ER). Chicken hepatocytes have become a model for the study of AHR action in birds and the induction of the signal and its effect in these cells are well established. However, the impact of AHR activation on estradiol-regulated responses in the chicken liver remains to be demonstrated. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to determine the effect of AHR action on ER-driven transcription in a convenient model of chicken liver cells. For this purpose, we designed a reporter construct bearing the 5' regulatory region of the chicken vitellogenin II gene and used it to transfect chicken hepatoma LMH cells. We found that β-naphthoflavone represses ER-driven vitellogenin promoter activity and that this action is mediated by the AHR. This inhibitory crosstalk between both pathways appears to be unidirectional, since estradiol did not alter the transcript levels of an AHR target gene. Besides, and highly relevant, we show that LMH cell line transfected with a reporter construct bearing the chicken vitellogenin promoter sequence is a useful and convenient model for the study of AHR-ER interaction in chicken liver-derived cells.
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Paul S, Mohanan A, Varghese MV, Alex M, Nair H. Ameliorative effect of α-tocopherol on monosodium glutamate-induced cardiac histological alterations and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:3002-3006. [PMID: 22549309 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic oral intake of high doses of monosodium glutamate (MSG) causes oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cardiac dysfunction and injury. Supplementation with α-tocopherol protects the body against oxidative stress and its related complications. This study was proposed to examine the protective effect of α-tocopherol against MSG-induced biochemical and histological alterations in blood and cardiac tissue of rats for a period of 180 days. RESULTS Chronic oral administration of MSG (4 g kg(-1)) caused oxidative stress that was manifested by significant increase (P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and by the decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in cardiac tissue. The significantly increased (P < 0.05) activities of aspartate transaminase, creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum suggested a cardiac functional disorder. Moreover, heart muscle fibers showed cloudy swelling, fiber separation and vascular congestion. Administration of α-tocopherol (200 mg kg(-1)) significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the MSG-induced biochemical alterations in serum and cardiac tissue. α-Tocopherol also prevented the pathological changes in cardiac tissue when compared with the MSG-treated group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that α-tocopherol may have a protective effect against MSG-induced cardiotoxicity, possibly through its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauganth Paul
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Qian L, Krause DS, Saltzman WM. Enhanced growth and hepatic differentiation of fetal liver epithelial cells through combinational and temporal adjustment of soluble factors. Biotechnol J 2011; 7:440-8. [PMID: 21922669 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fetal liver epithelial cells (FLEC) are valuable for liver cell therapy and tissue engineering, but methods for culture and characterization of these cells are not well developed. This work explores the influence of multiple soluble factors on FLEC, with the long-term goal of developing an optimal culture system to generate functional liver tissue. Our comparative analysis suggests hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is required throughout the culture period. In the presence of HGF, addition of oncostatin M (OSM) at culture initiation results in concurrent growth and maturation, while constant presence of protective agents like ascorbic acid enhances cell survival. Study observations led to the development of a culture medium that provided optimal growth and hepatic differentiation conditions. FLEC expansion was observed to be approximately twofold of that under standard conditions, albumin secretion rate was 2-3 times greater than maximal values obtained with other media, and the highest level of glycogen accumulation among all conditions was observed with the developed medium. Our findings serve to advance culture methods for liver progenitors in cell therapy and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuan Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Li R, Hu Y, Ni Y, Xia D, Grossmann R, Zhao R. Leptin stimulates hepatic activation of thyroid hormones and promotes early posthatch growth in the chicken. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2011; 160:200-6. [PMID: 21679771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic iodothyronine deiodinases (Ds) are involved in the conversion of thyroid hormones (THs) which interacts with growth hormone (GH) to regulate posthatch growth in the chicken. Previous studies suggest that leptin-like immunoreactive substance deposited in the egg may serve as a maternal signal to program posthatch growth. To test the hypothesis that maternal leptin may affect early posthatch growth through modifying hepatic activation of THs, we injected 5.0μg of recombinant murine leptin into the albumen of breeder eggs before incubation. Furthermore, chicken embryo hepatocytes (CEHs) were treated with leptin in vitro to reveal the direct effect of leptin on expression and activity of Ds. In ovo leptin administration markedly accelerated early posthatch growth, elevated serum levels of total and free triiodothyronine (tT3 and fT3), while that of total thyroxin (tT4) remained unchanged. Hepatic mRNA expression and activity of D1 which converts T4 to T3 or rT3 to T2, were significantly increased in leptin-treated chickens, while those of D3 which converts T3 to T2 or T4 to rT3, were significantly decreased. Moreover, hepatic expression of GHR and IGF-I mRNA was all up-regulated in leptin-treated chickens. Males demonstrated more pronounced responses. A direct effect of leptin on Ds was shown in CEHs cultured in vitro. Expression and activity of D1 were increased, whereas those of D3 were decreased, in leptin-treated cells. These data suggest that in ovo leptin administration improves early posthatch growth, in a gender-specific fashion, probably through improving hepatic activation of THs and up-regulating hepatic expression of GHR and IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Selvakumar K, Sheerin Banu L, Krishnamoorthy G, Venkataraman P, Elumalai P, Arunakaran J. Differential expression of androgen and estrogen receptors in PCB (Aroclor 1254)-exposed rat ventral prostate: Impact of alpha-tocopherol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2009] [Revised: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Liu HY, Zhao K, Zhou MM, Wang C, Ye JA, Liu JX. Cytoprotection of vitamin E on hyperthermia-induced damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells. J Therm Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Aroclor 1254 induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicology 2009; 262:175-83. [PMID: 19486918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread persistent environmental contaminants that display a complex spectrum of toxicological properties, including hepatotoxicity. Although Aroclor 1254 is ubiquitous in the environment, its potential cytotoxic effect on rat hepatocytes and the mechanism underlines its cytotoxicity are not fully investigated. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate: (1) the potential cytotoxicity of Aroclor 1254 in rat hepatocytes, and (2) characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in the Aroclor 1254-induced hepatotoxicity, particularly the role of mitochondria, possibly a primary target in such event, could greatly explain the cytotoxic effect of Aroclor 1254 in rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated from adult male albino rats and incubated for 24h in a fresh media containing 0, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60muM of Aroclor 1254. At the end of incubation, hepatocytes and hepatocyte mitochondria were used for the assay. Our results showed cytotoxicity of Aroclor 1254 in rat hepatocytes starting at a concentration of 30muM as manifested by increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, decreased cell viability (MTT assay) and increased lipid peroxidation. As mitochondria are known to be one possible site of the cell damage, the effects of Aroclor 1254 on hepatocyte mitochondria was investigated. Aroclor 1254 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in hepatocyte mitochondria, inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and III and beta-oxidation of free fatty acids, depletion of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes GPx and GR and the non-enzymatic antioxidant reduced glutathione, inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)), decreased mitochondrial aconitase and cardiolipin content, and elevated levels of cytochrome P450 subfamily, CYP1A and CYP2B activities as indicated by ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and pentoxyresorufin O-deethylase (PROD). Therefore, we can conclude that Aroclor 1254 induced rat hepatocyte toxicity and our findings provide evidence to propose that mitochondria are one of the most important and earliest cell targets in Aroclor 1254-mediated toxicity and delineate several mitochondrial processes at least, in part, by induction of oxidative stress. These findings can be useful in future cytoprotective therapy approaches. Since mitochondrial events appear to be targeted in hepatocellular damage induced by Aroclor 1254, an antioxidant therapy targeted to mitochondria may constitute an interesting strategy to ameliorate its toxicity.
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Dehydroepiandrosterone activates cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate/protein kinase A signalling and suppresses sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 expression in cultured primary chicken hepatocytes. Br J Nutr 2009; 102:680-6. [PMID: 19267949 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114509289021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a steroid hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex in mammals, has an array of biological actions, including inhibition of fat synthesis, decreasing the number of adipocytes, and a reduction in mammalian metabolic efficiency. Recent studies showed that DHEA may decrease fat deposition in poultry, but the mechanism of action is unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate that DHEA stimulates intracellular cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in chicken hepatocytes during a 30 min incubation period. Increases in intracellular cAMP are evoked by as low as 0.1 microm-DHEA. The cAMP induced by DHEA, while suppressing cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase activity, also activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) in chicken hepatocytes. In addition, the activation of PKA leads to down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1). These findings demonstrate that direct action by DHEA leads to activation of the cAMP/PKA signalling system in the modulation of lipid metabolism by repressing SREBP-1, thereby providing a novel explanation for some of the underlying effects proposed for DHEA in the prevention of fat deposition in poultry.
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Zhang DL, Mi YL, Wang KM, Zeng WD, Zhang CQ. Attenuating effect of daidzein on polychlorinated biphenyls-induced oxidative toxicity in mouse testicular cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2008; 9:567-71. [PMID: 18600787 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0820048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The attenuating effect of daidzein (DAI) on oxidative toxicity induced by Aroclor 1254 (A1254) was investigated in mouse testicular cells. Cells were exposed to A1254 alone or with DAI. The oxidative damage was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content. Results show that A1254 induced a decrease of germ cell number, an elevation in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) but a decrease in SOD activity and GSH content. However, simultaneous supplementation with DAI decreased TBARS level and increased SOD activity and GSH content. Consequently, dietary DAI may restore the intracellular antioxidant system to attenuate the oxidative toxicity of A1254 in testicular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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