1
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Jarquín-Yáñez K, Herrera-Enriquez MÁ, Lemini C, Melendez-Moreno E, Villena-López P, Ávila ME, Hernández-Téllez B, Piñón-Zárate G, Sampedro-Carrillo EA, Castell-Rodríguez AE. Epicutaneous Administration of 17β-Estradiol Induces Langerhans Cells Depletion. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1561-1581. [PMID: 34569394 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1975738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Langerhans cells (LC) number and function in mouse vaginal mucosa are affected by 17β-estradiol (E2) application; nonetheless, its effect on epidermal LC has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical administration of E2 on the number, phenotype, and migratory ability of LC in mouse skin. METHODS Ears of adult CD1 male mice were topically treated once with several doses. Immunohistochemical staining for CD207 and TUNEL staining were performed. LC migration to lymph nodes and the effect on the expression of costimulatory molecules on cultured dendritic cells (DC) were also evaluated. RESULTS E2 decreased the number of CD207+ LC in a dose-dependent manner. One hour after treatment, 1 and 10 µg/mL E2 significantly reduced the LC number by 21% and 26%, respectively, after two hours, the reduction was 23% and 41%, respectively. After 48 hours, LC recovered, and after 96 hours of treatment, the CD207+/MHCII+ DC numbers were increased in regional lymph nodes. However, CD86 and CD40 molecules were expressed at lower levels than in positive control. The TUNEL assay did not show apoptotic cells. Furthermore, in cultured DC, E2 promoted a decrease in CD40 and CD86 expression and an increase in CD273, CD274, MHCII, and CCR7. CONCLUSIONS The topical administration of E2 induced a transitory local diminution of LC population and a tolerogenic phenotype. This decrease in epidermal LC suggests that E2 may affect skin immune responses, inducing an inhibitory response, which should be considered when prescribing topical E2 medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Jarquín-Yáñez
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Cristina Lemini
- Pharmacology, Medicine School, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edith Melendez-Moreno
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Paulina Villena-López
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria Estela Ávila
- Pharmacology, Medicine School, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Beatriz Hernández-Téllez
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gabriela Piñón-Zárate
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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2
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Marigliani B, Sehn FP, Silva JVMA, Balottin LBL, Augusto EDFP, Buehler AM. The Overt and Hidden Use of Animal-Derived Products in Alternative Methods for Skin Sensitisation: A Systematic Review. Altern Lab Anim 2020; 47:174-195. [PMID: 31902222 DOI: 10.1177/0261192919896361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro methods that can replace animal testing in the identification of skin sensitisers are now a reality. However, as cell culture and related techniques usually rely on animal-derived products, these methods may be failing to address the complete replacement of animals in safety assessment. The objective of this study was to identify the animal-derived products that are used as part of in vitro methods for skin sensitisation testing. Thus, a systematic review of 156 articles featuring 83 different in vitro methods was carried out and, from this review, the use of several animal-derived products from different species was identified, with the use of fetal bovine serum being cited in most of the methods (78%). The use of sera from other animals, monoclonal antibodies and animal proteins were also variously mentioned. While non-animal alternatives are available and methods free of animal-derived products are emerging, most of the current methods reported used at least one animal-derived product, which raises ethical and technical concerns. Therefore, to deliver technically and ethically better in vitro methods for the safety assessment of chemicals, more effort should be made to replace products of animal origin in existing methods and to avoid their use in the development of new method protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marigliani
- Department of Research and Toxicology, Humane Society International (HSI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Felipe Perraro Sehn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciene Bottentuit López Balottin
- Laboratory of Tissue Bioengineering, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth de Fatima Pires Augusto
- Department of Science and Technology, Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria Buehler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Niehues H, Bouwstra JA, El Ghalbzouri A, Brandner JM, Zeeuwen PLJM, van den Bogaard EH. 3D skin models for 3R research: The potential of 3D reconstructed skin models to study skin barrier function. Exp Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Niehues
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc); Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS); Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Joke A. Bouwstra
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology; Cluster BioTherapeutics; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research; Leiden University; Leiden The Netherlands
| | | | - Johanna M. Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Patrick L. J. M. Zeeuwen
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc); Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS); Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ellen H. van den Bogaard
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc); Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS); Nijmegen The Netherlands
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4
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Del Amo C, Borau C, Movilla N, Asín J, García-Aznar JM. Quantifying 3D chemotaxis in microfluidic-based chips with step gradients of collagen hydrogel concentrations. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 9:339-349. [PMID: 28300261 DOI: 10.1039/c7ib00022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential process involved in crucial stages of tissue formation, regeneration or immune function as well as in pathological processes including tumor development or metastasis. During the last few years, the effect of gradients of soluble molecules on cell migration has been widely studied, and complex systems have been used to analyze cell behavior under simultaneous mechano-chemical stimuli. Most of these chemotactic assays have, however, focused on specific substrates in 2D. The aim of the present work is to develop a novel microfluidic-based chip that allows the long-term chemoattractant effect of growth factors (GFs) on 3D cell migration to be studied, while also providing the possibility to analyze the influence of the interface generated between different adjacent hydrogels. Namely, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 4 mg ml-1 concentrations of collagen type I were alternatively combined with 5, 10 or 50 ng ml-1 concentrations of PDGF and VEGF (as a negative control). To achieve this goal, we have designed a new microfluidic device including three adjacent chambers to introduce hydrogels that allow the generation of a collagen concentration step gradient. This versatile and simple platform was tested by using dermal human fibroblasts embedded in 3D collagen matrices. Images taken over a week were processed to quantify the number of cells in each zone. We found, in terms of cell distribution, that the presence of PDGF, especially in small concentrations, was a strong chemoattractant for dermal human fibroblasts across the gels regardless of their collagen concentration and step gradient direction, whereas the effects of VEGF or collagen step gradient concentrations alone were negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Del Amo
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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5
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Koppes SA, Engebretsen KA, Agner T, Angelova-Fischer I, Berents T, Brandner J, Brans R, Clausen ML, Hummler E, Jakasa I, Jurakić-Tončic R, John SM, Khnykin D, Molin S, Holm JO, Suomela S, Thierse HJ, Kezic S, Martin SF, Thyssen JP. Current knowledge on biomarkers for contact sensitization and allergic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:1-16. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sjors A. Koppes
- Department of Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology-Allergology; VU University Medical Centre; 081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kristiane A. Engebretsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology; Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2400 Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Teresa Berents
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; 0318 Oslo Norway
- Department of Dermatology; Oslo University Hospital; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Johanna Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; 20246 Hamburg Germany
| | - Richard Brans
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory; University of Osnabrück; 49076 Osnabrück Germany
| | - Maja-Lisa Clausen
- Department of Dermatology; Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2400 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Edith Hummler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Lausanne; 1011 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; University of Zagreb; 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Ružica Jurakić-Tončic
- University Department of Dermatovenereology; Clinical Hospital Zagreb and School of Medicine; 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Swen M. John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory; University of Osnabrück; 49076 Osnabrück Germany
| | - Denis Khnykin
- Department of Pathology; Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; 0424 Oslo Norway
- Centre for Immune Regulation; University of Oslo; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Sonja Molin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; 81377 München Germany
| | - Jan O. Holm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; 0318 Oslo Norway
- Department of Dermatology; Oslo University Hospital; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Sari Suomela
- Department of Dermatology; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; 00251 Helsinki Finland
| | - Hermann-Josef Thierse
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment; 10589 Berlin Germany
- Laboratory for Immunology & Proteomics, Department of Dermatology and University Medical Centre Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; 68167 Mannheim Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Stefan F. Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy Research Group; Medical Centre - University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jacob P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
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6
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Ma Y, Ai G, Zhang C, Zhao M, Dong X, Han Z, Wang Z, Zhang M, Liu Y, Gao W, Li S, Gu Y. Novel Linear Peptides with High Affinity to αvβ3 Integrin for Precise Tumor Identification. Theranostics 2017; 7:1511-1523. [PMID: 28529634 PMCID: PMC5436510 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of alternative linear peptides for targeting αvβ3 integrin has attracted much attention, as the traditional peptide ligand, cyclic RGD, is limited by inferior water-solubility and complex synthesis. Using pharmacophore-based virtual screening and high-throughput molecular docking, we identified two novel linear small peptides RWr and RWrNM with high affinity and specificity to αvβ3 integrin. The competitive binding with cyclic RGD (c(RGDyK)) and cellular uptake related to the integrin expression levels verified their affinity to αvβ3 integrin. The intermolecular interaction measurement and dynamics simulation demonstrated the high binding affinity and stability, especially for RWrNM. In vivo peptide-guided tumor imaging and targeted therapy further confirmed their specificity. Results indicated that the newly identified small linear peptide RWrNM, with high affinity and specificity to αvβ3 integrin, better water-solubility, and simplified synthetic process, could overcome limitations of the current cyclic RGD peptides, paving the way for diverse use in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yueqing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 24 Tongjia Road, 210009 (China)
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7
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Vukmanović S, Sadrieh N. Skin sensitizers in cosmetics and beyond: potential multiple mechanisms of action and importance of T-cell assays for in vitro screening. Crit Rev Toxicol 2017; 47:415-432. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2017.1288025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Vukmanović
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), MD, USA
| | - Nakissa Sadrieh
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), MD, USA
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8
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Mendes SJ, Sousa FI, Pereira DM, Ferro TA, Pereira IC, Silva BL, Pinheiro AJ, Mouchrek AQ, Monteiro-Neto V, Costa SK, Nascimento JL, Grisotto MA, da Costa R, Fernandes ES. Cinnamaldehyde modulates LPS-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome through TRPA1-dependent and independent mechanisms. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 34:60-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Quispel WT, Stegehuis-Kamp JA, Blijleven L, Santos SJ, Lourda M, van den Bos C, van Halteren AGS, Egeler RM. The presence of CXCR4 + CD1a + cells at onset of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is associated with a less favorable outcome. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1084463. [PMID: 28255525 PMCID: PMC5323006 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1084463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a neoplastic disorder characterized by tissue accumulating CD1a+ histiocytes which frequently carry somatic mutations. Irrespective of mutation status, these LCH-cells display constitutively active kinases belonging to the MAPK pathway. We evaluated, in retrospect, the contribution of individual components of the MAPK-activating and chemotaxis-promoting TNF-CXCR4-CXCL12 axis to LCH manifestation and outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CXCR4, CXCL12 and TNF protein expression was immunohistochemically analyzed in 70 LCH-affected biopsies. The presence of CXCR4+CD1a+ cells in peripheral blood (PB) and/or bone marrow (BM) samples was evaluated by flowcytometry in 13 therapy-naive LCH-patients. RESULTS CXCL12 was detected in 68/70 (97%) biopsies. CXCR4+LCH-cells were present in 50/70 (71%) biopsies; their presence was associated with higher levels of intralesional TNF. Circulating CD1a+CXCR4+ cells were detected in 4/13 (31%) therapy-naïve LCH-patients which displayed BRAFV600E (2/4), MAP2K1 (1/4) or no (1/4) mutations in their tissues. These CD11c co-expressing CD1a+CXCR4+cells migrated to CXCL12 in chemotaxis assays. Lesional CXCR4+LCH-cells were detected in 18/20 cases who presented with LCH manifestation at multiple sites and in 5/23 (22%) patients who developed additional lesions after initially presenting with a single lesion. The CXCR4 status at onset proved to be an independent risk factor for LCH reactivation in multivariate analysis (odds ratio 10.4, p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that CXCR4 is involved in the homing and retention of LCH-cells in CXCL12-expressing tissues and qualifies CXCR4 as a candidate prognostic marker for less favorable disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn T Quispel
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Janine A Stegehuis-Kamp
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Blijleven
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susy J Santos
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Magda Lourda
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cor van den Bos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology; Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid G S van Halteren
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - R Maarten Egeler
- Immunology Laboratory, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital/Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children/University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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10
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Narumi M, Kashiwagi Y, Namba H, Ohe R, Yamakawa M, Yamashita H. Contribution of corneal neovascularization to dendritic cell migration into the central area during human corneal infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109859. [PMID: 25299318 PMCID: PMC4192358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with the peripheral corneal limbus, the human central cornea lacks blood vessels, which is responsible for its immunologically privileged status and high transparency. Dendritic cells (DCs) are present in the central avascular area of inflamed corneas, but the mechanisms of their migration to this location are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the contribution of vessel formation to DC migration into the central cornea, and analyzed the DC chemotactic factors produced by human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Using human eyes obtained from surgical procedures, we then assessed vessel formation, DC distribution, and activin A expression immunohistochemically. The results demonstrated increased numbers of vessels and DCs in the central area of inflamed corneas, and a positive correlation between the number of vessels and DCs. Activin A was expressed in the subepithelial space and the endothelium of newly formed blood vessels in the inflamed cornea. In infected corneas, DCs were present in the central area but no vascularization was observed, suggesting the presence of chemotactic factors that induced DC migration from the limbal vessels. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the migration of monocyte-derived DCs toward HCE cell supernatants with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of HCE cells and inflammatory cytokines (released by HCE cells). DCs migrated toward tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and activin A, as well as LPS-stimulated HCE cell supernatants. The supernatant contained elevated TNF-α, IL-6, and activin A levels, suggesting that they were produced by HCE cells after LPS stimulation. Therefore, vessels in the central cornea might constitute a DC migration route, and activin A expressed in the endothelium of newly formed vessels might contribute to corneal vascularization. Activin A also functions as a chemotactic factor, similar to HCE-produced TNF-α and IL-6. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of corneal inflammation during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Narumi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kashiwagi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Yamagata Prefectural Yonezawa Women’s Junior College, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Namba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Rintaro Ohe
- Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yamakawa
- Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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11
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Gonçalo M, Martins J, Silva A, Neves B, Figueiredo A, Cruz T, Lopes C. Systemic drugs inducing non-immediate cutaneous adverse reactions and contact sensitizers evoke similar responses in THP-1 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:398-406. [PMID: 25091725 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Contact sensitizers induce phenotypic and functional changes in dendritic cells (DC) that enhance their antigen-presenting capacity and, ultimately, modulate the T cell response. To evaluate if there is a similar effect of drugs causing T-cell-mediated cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR), we studied the in vitro effect of drugs on THP-1 cells, a cell line widely used to evaluate the early molecular and cellular events triggered by contact sensitizers. The effect of allopurinol, oxypurinol, ampicillin, amoxicillin, carbamazepine and sodium valproate, at EC30 concentrations, was evaluated on p38 MAPK activation, by Western Blot, and on the expression of genes coding for DC maturation markers, pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokines and hemeoxygenase 1 (HMOX1), by real-time RT-PCR. Results were compared with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a DC maturation stimulus, and the strong contact sensitizer, 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB). All drugs studied significantly upregulated HMOX1 gene transcription and all, except the anticonvulsants, also upregulated IL8. Allopurinol and oxypurinol showed the most intense effect, in a magnitude similar to DNFB and superior to betalactams. Transcription of CD40, IL12B and CXCL10 genes by drugs was more irregular. Moreover, like DNFB, all drugs activated p38 MAPK, although significantly only for oxypurinol. Like contact sensitizers, drugs that cause non-immediate CADR activate THP-1 cells in vitro, using different signalling pathways and affecting gene transcription with an intensity that may reflect the frequency and severity of the CADR they cause. Direct activation of antigen-presenting DC by systemic drugs may be an important early step in the pathophysiology of non-immediate CADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Alloul-Ramdhani M, Tensen CP, El Ghalbzouri A. Performance of the N/TERT epidermal model for skin sensitizer identification via Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway activation. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:982-9. [PMID: 24794257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Animal testing of chemical ingredients for cosmetic purposes is prohibited. Therefore there is an urgent need for in vitro models to identify chemical allergens. In human skin, keratinocytes (KCs) are abundantly present and are key players in initiation of allergic contact dermatitis. One of the pathways that has been shown to be induced by sensitizers is the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. In this study we compared the response of four keratinocyte-based models including (a) primary human KCs, (b) N/TERT monolayer cultures, (c) the Leiden Epidermal models (LEMs) and (d) the N/TERT epidermal models (NEMs). All keratinocyte-based models were subjected to chemical exposure of the sensitizer 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and irritant Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at nontoxic concentrations. Activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway was evaluated by measuring Nrf2 protein levels as well as nuclear translocation and activation of transcriptional targets of Nrf2. Results show that the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway is activated by the sensitizer DNCB in monolayer keratinocytes and as well as the LEMs and NEMs and not by the irritant SDS. Collectively our data demonstrate that the N/TERT models respond similarly as primary KCs and could therefore serve as an alternative model for skin sensitizer identification, thereby overcoming the need for primary skin tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornelis P Tensen
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Wang D, Zhu H, Liu Y, Liu Q, Xie X, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Su Z. The low chamber pancreatic cancer cells had stem-like characteristics in modified transwell system: is it a novel method to identify and enrich cancer stem-like cells? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:760303. [PMID: 24689055 PMCID: PMC3934619 DOI: 10.1155/2014/760303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) play an important role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence. It is important to construct an effective method to identify and isolate CSCs for biotherapy of cancer. During the past years, many researchers had paid more attention to it; however, this method was still on seeking. Therefore, compared to the former methods that were used to isolate the cancer stem cell, in the present study, we tried to use modified transwell system to isolate and enrich CSCs from human pancreatic cancer cell lines (Panc-1). Our results clearly showed that the lower chamber cells in modified transwell system were easily forming spheres; furthermore, these spheres expressed high levels of stem cell markers (CD133/CD44/CD24/Oct-4/ESA) and exhibited chemoresistance, underwent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and possessed the properties of self-renewal in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Therefore, we speculated that modified transwell assay system, as a rapid and effective method, can be used to isolate and enrich CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Clinical Medicine and Laboratory, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, Center of Clinical Medicine and Laboratory, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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Vocanson M, Nicolas JF, Basketter D. In vitroapproaches to the identification and characterization of skin sensitizers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.2013.814882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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