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Bailon-Moscoso N, Coronel-Hidalgo J, Duarte-Casar R, Guamán-Ortiz LM, Figueroa JG, Romero-Benavides JC. Exploring the Antioxidant Potential of Tragia volubilis L.: Mitigating Chemotherapeutic Effects of Doxorubicin on Tumor Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2003. [PMID: 38001856 PMCID: PMC10669231 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several plants of the genus Tragia L. have shown antibacterial, fungicidal, and antiproliferative activity, among other types of activities; however, most species of the genus have not been investigated. Tragia volubilis L. is native to tropical America and Africa, and although it has been reported as medicinal in the literature, it has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the phytochemical screening, isolation, and identification of compounds and the determination of the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of Tragia volubilis L. and its partitions were carried out. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol partitions of the extract present high antioxidant activity according to the Antioxidant Activity Index. Due to their activity, these partitions were tested on RKO cells as a representative model, both individually and in combination with Doxorubicin. It was found that the partitions significantly reduced the effect of Doxorubicin, as well as the expression of proteins involved in DNA damage and cell death. While the reduction of the chemotherapeutic effect of Doxorubicin on tumor cells may not be a desired outcome in therapeutic settings, the findings of the study are valuable in revealing the antioxidant potential of Tragia volubilis L. and its partitions. This highlights the importance of carefully regulating the application of antioxidants, especially in the context of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bailon-Moscoso
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (J.C.-H.); (L.M.G.-O.)
| | - José Coronel-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (J.C.-H.); (L.M.G.-O.)
- Carrera de Bioquímica y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Rodrigo Duarte-Casar
- Maestría en Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador;
- Tecnología Superior en Gestión Culinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador—Sede Manabí, Portoviejo 130103, Ecuador
| | - Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (J.C.-H.); (L.M.G.-O.)
| | - Jorge G. Figueroa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (J.G.F.); (J.C.R.-B.)
| | - Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (J.G.F.); (J.C.R.-B.)
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Brezovec N, Perdan-Pirkmajer K, Burja B, Rotar Ž, Osredkar J, Sodin-Šemrl S, Lakota K, Čučnik S. Disturbed Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis Associates with Lung and Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2110. [PMID: 37626607 PMCID: PMC10452464 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in an organism is disturbed in oxidative stress. To assess oxidative balance in 36 SSc patients and 26 healthy controls (HCs), we measured reactive oxidative metabolites (ROMs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (measuring 4-HNE), and DNA oxidative damage (measuring 8-OHdG) in serum. Furthermore, DNA breaks in leukocytes of 35 SSc patients and 32 HCs were evaluated using COMET. While we report high ROMs for both SSc patients and age/sex matched HC samples, there was a significant increase in TAC in SSc patients as compared to HCs, and thus also a significantly higher oxidative stress index in SSc patients. TAC was significantly higher in SSc patients with ILD and gastrointestinal involvement, as well as in patients with anti-topoisomerase antibodies. We observe no difference in serum lipid peroxidation status or oxidative DNA damage. However, SSc patients had significantly more leukocyte DNA breaks than HCs; the most damage was observed in patients treated with immunosuppressives. Thus, our study confirms presence of oxidative stress and increased DNA damage in leukocytes of SSc patients; however, it points toward increased antioxidant capacity, which needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Brezovec
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
| | - Katja Perdan-Pirkmajer
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Burja
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
| | - Žiga Rotar
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joško Osredkar
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Snežna Sodin-Šemrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Katja Lakota
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Saša Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Romero-Márquez JM, Forbes-Hernández TY, Navarro-Hortal MD, Quirantes-Piné R, Grosso G, Giampieri F, Lipari V, Sánchez-González C, Battino M, Quiles JL. Molecular Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Olive Leaf Polyphenols against Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054353. [PMID: 36901783 PMCID: PMC10001635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the cause of around 60-70% of global cases of dementia and approximately 50 million people have been reported to suffer this disease worldwide. The leaves of olive trees (Olea europaea) are the most abundant by-products of the olive grove industry. These by-products have been highlighted due to the wide variety of bioactive compounds such as oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) with demonstrated medicinal properties to fight AD. In particular, the olive leaf (OL), OLE, and HT reduced not only amyloid-β formation but also neurofibrillary tangles formation through amyloid protein precursor processing modulation. Although the isolated olive phytochemicals exerted lower cholinesterase inhibitory activity, OL demonstrated high inhibitory activity in the cholinergic tests evaluated. The mechanisms underlying these protective effects may be associated with decreased neuroinflammation and oxidative stress via NF-κB and Nrf2 modulation, respectively. Despite the limited research, evidence indicates that OL consumption promotes autophagy and restores loss of proteostasis, which was reflected in lower toxic protein aggregation in AD models. Therefore, olive phytochemicals may be a promising tool as an adjuvant in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Romero-Márquez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
| | - María D. Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
| | - Rosa Quirantes-Piné
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Vivian Lipari
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
- Department of Prohect Management, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito 250, Bié, Angola
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Centre, University of Granada, C/Menéndez Pelayo 32, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - José L. Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Scicchitano S, Vecchio E, Battaglia AM, Oliverio M, Nardi M, Procopio A, Costanzo F, Biamonte F, Faniello MC. The Double-Edged Sword of Oleuropein in Ovarian Cancer Cells: From Antioxidant Functions to Cytotoxic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010842. [PMID: 36614279 PMCID: PMC9821453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein plays a key role as a pro-oxidant as well as an antioxidant in cancer. In this study, the activity of oleuropein, in an in vitro model of ovarian (OCCs) and breast cancer cells (BCCs) was investigated. Cell viability and cell death were analyzed. Oxidative stress was measured by CM-H2DCFDA flow cytometry assay. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated based on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GPX4 protein levels. Further, the effects on iron metabolism were analyzed by measuring the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). We confirmed that high doses of oleuropein show anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity on HEY and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, our results indicate that low doses of oleuropein impair cell viability without affecting the mortality of cells, and also decrease the LIP and ROS levels, keeping them unchanged in MCF-7 cells. For the first time, our data show that low doses of oleuropein reduce erastin-mediated cell death. Interestingly, oleuropein decreases the levels of intracellular ROS and LIP in OCCs treated with erastin. Noteworthily, we observed an increased amount of ROS scavenging enzyme GPX4 together with a consistent reduction in mitochondrial ROS, confirming a reduction in oxidative stress in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Scicchitano
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vecchio
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Monica Nardi
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Comparative Study of Novel Methods for Olive Leaf Phenolic Compound Extraction Using NADES as Solvents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010353. [PMID: 36615544 PMCID: PMC9823617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) composed of choline chloride with maltose (CMA), glycerol (CGL), citric (CCA) and lactic acid (CLA) combined with microwave (MAE), ultrasound (UAE), homogenate (HAE) and high hydrostatic pressure (HHPAE)-assisted extraction methods were applied to recover and compare olive leaf phenolic compounds. The resultant extracts were evaluated for their total phenol content (TPC), phenolic profile and antioxidant activity and compared with those of water and ethanol:water 70% v/v extracts. HAE was proven to be the most efficient method for the recovery of olive leaf phenolic compounds. The highest TPC (55.12 ± 1.08 mg GAE/g d.w.) was found in CCA extracts after HAE at 60 °C and 12,000 rpm, and the maximum antioxidant activity (3.32 ± 0.39 g d.w./g DPPH) was found in CGL extracts after UAE at 60 °C for 30 min. The TPCs of ethanol extracts were found to be higher than those of NADES extracts in most cases. The predominant phenolic compounds in the extracts were oleuropein, hydrohytyrosol and rutin.
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Basiricò L, Mastrogiovanni F, Lacetera N, Santi L, Bernini R, Bernabucci U. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of an oleuropein-enriched extract obtained from olives leaves on BME-UV1 cells. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1725-1729. [PMID: 35921509 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2106485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In this in vitro study, for the first time was evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of an Oleuropein-enriched extract (OleE) on bovine mammary epithelial cell line (BME-UV1). OleE was obtained from olives leaves and characterized by HPLC and NMR analysis. Cell viability test indicated that OleE at concentrations of 7.8 up to 250 μg/mL did not exert cytotoxic effect. At concentration of 31.2 up to 250 μg/mL, a dose dependent reduction of ROS production induced by hydrogen peroxide was observed. In addition, OleE at 62.5, 125 and 250 μg/mL showed a dose-dependent reduction in gene expression of TNF, IL1B, and IL10 after exposure to LPS. The downregulation of ROS production and cytokines expression in BME-UV1 by OleE confirmed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In vivo experiments will be necessary for future applications of OleE as natural feed supplement in dairy cattle to reduce incidence of oxidative stress in peripartal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Basiricò
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fabio Mastrogiovanni
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Nicola Lacetera
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luca Santi
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Umberto Bernabucci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
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Cokgezme OF, Icier F. Frequency and wave type effects on extractability of oleuropein from olive leaves by moderate electric field assisted extraction. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kostić S, Vilotić A, Pirković A, Dekanski D, Borozan S, Nacka-Aleksić M, Vrzić-Petronijević S, Krivokuća MJ. Caffeic acid protects human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112993. [PMID: 35398184 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid is highlighted as one of the major phenolic compounds present in foods with known antioxidant activity. This phenolic is among commonly consumed substances in everyday diet of pregnant women. However, there is not enough information on its effects during pregnancy, especially the most vulnerable early stage. Extravillous trophoblast cells are specific cells of the placenta that come in direct contact with maternal uterine tissue. Through this study we investigated the cytoprotective effects of caffeic acid on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in first trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. Investigated concentrations (1-100 μM) of caffeic acid showed neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic effects on HTR-8/SVneo cells. The treatment with caffeic acid 100 μM significantly increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle, compared to non-treated cells. Pretreatment with caffeic acid (10 and 100 μM) attenuated oxidative DNA damage significantly, reduced cytotoxicity, protein and lipid peroxidation, and restored antioxidant capacity in trophoblast cells following H2O2 exposure. This beneficial outcome is probably mediated by the augmentation of GSH and effective ROS scavenging by caffeic acid. These promising results require further investigations to reveal the additional mechanisms/pathways and confirmation through studies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vilotić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrea Pirković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Department of Chemistry, Bulevar oslobođenja 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Nacka-Aleksić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Vrzić-Petronijević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanović Krivokuća
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Yang D, Li J, Liang C, Tian L, Shi C, Hui N, Liu Y, Ling M, Xin L, Wan M, Li H, Zhao Q, Ren X, Liu H, Cao W. Syringa microphylla Diels: A comprehensive review of its phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological characteristics and an investigation into its potential health benefits. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153770. [PMID: 34678528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syringa microphylla Diels is a plant in the family Syringa Linn. For hundreds of years, its flowers and leaves have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of cough, inflammation, colds, sore throat, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, early liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, and oesophageal cancer. PURPOSE For the first time, we have comprehensively reviewed information on Syringa microphylla Diels that is not included in the Pharmacopoeia, clarified the pharmacological mechanisms of Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients from a molecular biology perspective, compiled in vivo and in vitro animal experimental data and clinical data, and summarized the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of Syringa microphylla Diels. The progress in toxicology research is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs from Syringa microphylla Diels, a natural source of compounds that are potentially beneficial to human health. METHODS The PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, SciFinder Scholar and Thomson Reuters databases were utilized to conduct a comprehensive search of published literature as of July 2021 to find original literature related to Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients. RESULTS To date, 72 compounds have been isolated and identified from Syringa microphylla Diels, and oleuropein, verbascoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, forsythoside B, and eleutheroside B are the main active components. These compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, and their safety and effectiveness have been demonstrated in long-term traditional applications. Molecular pharmacology experiments have indicated that the active ingredients of Syringa microphylla Diels exert their pharmacological effects in various ways, primarily by reducing oxidative stress damage via Nrf2/ARE pathway regulation, regulating inflammatory factors and inducing apoptosis through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review of Syringa microphylla Diels provides new insights into the correlations among molecular mechanisms, the importance of toxicology and pharmacokinetics, and potential ways to address the limitations of current research. As Syringa microphylla Diels is a natural low-toxicity botanical medicine, it is worthy of development and utilization and is an excellent choice for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China; College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chunyang Shi
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Mei Ling
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Liang Xin
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Minge Wan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Business & Commerce, Xi'an 712046, PR China
| | - Han Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China.
| | - Wenqiang Cao
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China
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Protective effects of olive oil phenolics oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:131-141. [PMID: 32697745 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates antioxidant capacity and protective effects of phenolic compounds oleuropein (OLP) and hydroxytyrosol (HT), present in olive oil and olive leaves, against H2O2-induced DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes. Antioxidant potency was determined using the measurement of radical-scavenging activity (ABTS∙+ assay), ferric reducing power (FRAP assay) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC assay). Both substances were found to be potent antioxidant agents due to their free radical-scavenging activities. Antigenotoxic effects of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol against H2O2-induced damage in human lymphocytes were evaluated in vitro by alkaline comet assay. At tested concentrations (1, 5, 10 µmol L-1), oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol did not induce a significant increase of primary DNA damage in comparison with the negative control. Pretreatment of human lymphocytes with each of the substances for 120 min produced a dose-dependent reduction of primary DNA damage in the tested cell type. Hydroxytyrosol showed a better protective effect against H2O2-induced DNA breaks than oleuropein which could be associated with their free radical-scavenging efficacy.
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Borjan D, Leitgeb M, Knez Ž, Hrnčič MK. Microbiological and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds in Olive Leaf Extract. Molecules 2020; 25:E5946. [PMID: 33334001 PMCID: PMC7765412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
According to many reports, phenolic compounds isolated from olive leaves have very good biological activities, especially antimicrobial. Presently, the resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is greater than ever. Therefore, there are numerous recent papers about alternative solutions for inhibiting their influence on human health. Olive leaf is studied as an important source of antimicrobials with low cost and used in medicine. Numerous publications on involving green technologies for isolation of active compounds from olive leaves have appeared over the past few decades. The present review reports on current knowledge of the most isolated phenolic compounds from olive leaf extract as well as methods for their isolation and characterization. This paper uses recent research findings with a wide range of study models to describe the antimicrobial potential of phenolic compounds. It also describes the vast range of information about methods for determination of antimicrobial potential focusing on effects on different microbes. Additionally, it serves to highlight the role of olive leaf extract as an antioxidants and presents methods for determination of antioxidant potential. Furthermore, it provides an overview of presence of enzymes. The significance of olive leaves as industrial and agricultural waste is emphasized by means of explaining their availability, therapeutic and nutritional effects, and research conducted on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Borjan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (M.L.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (M.L.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (M.L.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maša Knez Hrnčič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (M.L.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Cavaca LA, López-Coca IM, Silvero G, Afonso CA. The olive-tree leaves as a source of high-added value molecules: Oleuropein. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817903-1.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Soumya K, James J, Archana TM, Dhanya AT, Shahid AP, Sudheesh S. Cytotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of phenolic compound isolated from the fruit of Terminalia chebula on HeLa cell. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-019-0017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
DNA in a human cell is subjected to constant assault from both environmental factors and normal metabolic processes. Accumulation of DNA damage drives the progression of many health disorders like aging, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Results
The present study focuses on the isolation of phenolic compound from the fruit of Terminalia chebula and its protective role on induced DNA damage. Diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extract of Terminalia chebula fruit were subjected to column chromatographic purification, and the fractions obtained were tested for the presence of phenolics. Fraction-12 isolated from diethyl ether extract was identified as gallic acid, which is used for cytotoxic and DNA damage protection activity assays. To select a non-toxic concentration of isolated compound, cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay. Gallic acid showed moderate toxicity at the highest concentration tested (i.e., percentage cell viability at 100 μg/ml is 40.51 ± 1.31). Antigenotoxic effect of gallic acid on HeLa cells was carried by alkaline comet assay. The compound showed significant protective abilities against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in HeLa cells.
Conclusion
These results show the importance of gallic acid isolated from Terminalia chebula fruit, as protector of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage.
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Polyphenols: Major regulators of key components of DNA damage response in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Živković L, Bajić V, Bruić M, Borozan S, Popić K, Topalović D, Santibanez J, Spremo-Potparević B. Antigenotoxic and antioxidant potential of medicinal mushrooms (Immune Assist) against DNA damage induced by free radicals-an in vitro study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 845:403078. [PMID: 31561902 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune Assist (IA) is produced from extract of six species of medical mushrooms: Agaricus blazei - Cordyceps sinensis - Grifola frondosa - Ganoderma lucidum - Coriolus versicolor - Lentinula edodes. The genoprotective potential of IA was evaluated for the first time. Significant antigenotoxic effects were detected in human peripheral blood cells against H2O2 induced DNA damage, in the pretreatment and in the posttreatment. The most efficient concentration of IA in pretreatment was 500 μg/mL, while in posttreatment it was the concentration of 250 μg/mL. Kinetics of attenuation of H2O2 induced DNA damage in posttreatment with the optimal concentration of IA showed significant decrease in the number of damaged cells at all time periods (15-60 min), reaching the greatest reduction after 15 and 45 min. Remarkable ·OH scavenging properties and moderate reducing power, together with the modest DPPH scavenging activity, could be responsible for the great attenuation of DNA damage after 15 min of exposure to IA, while reduction of DNA damage after 45 min could be the result in additional stimulation of the cell's repair machinery. Our results suggest that IA displayed antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties. A broader investigation of its profile in biological systems is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Živković
- Center for Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladan Bajić
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Bruić
- Center for Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina Popić
- Center for Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dijana Topalović
- Center for Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan Santibanez
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Biljana Spremo-Potparević
- Center for Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Assessment of adrenaline-induced DNA damage in whole blood cells with the comet assay. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2019; 69:304-308. [PMID: 30864376 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2018-69-3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful effects of elevated levels of catecholamines are mediated by various mechanisms, including gene transcription and formation of oxidation products. The aim of this study was to see whether the molecular mechanisms underlying the damaging action of adrenaline on DNA are mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). To do that, we exposed human whole blood cells to 10 μmol L-1adrenaline or 50 μmol L-1H2O2(used as positive control) that were separately pre-treated or post-treated with 500 μmol L-1of quercetin, a scavenger of free radicals. Quercetin significantly reduced DNA damage in both pre- and post-treatment protocols, which suggests that adrenaline mainly acts via the production of ROS. This mechanism is also supported by gradual lowering of adrenaline and H2O2-induced DNA damage 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after treatment. Our results clearly show that DNA repair mechanisms are rather effective against ROS-mediated DNA damage induced by adrenaline.
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Burja B, Kuret T, Janko T, Topalović D, Živković L, Mrak-Poljšak K, Spremo-Potparević B, Žigon P, Distler O, Čučnik S, Sodin-Semrl S, Lakota K, Frank-Bertoncelj M. Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Inflammatory Activation and DNA Damage in Human Arterial Endothelial Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:56. [PMID: 31157238 PMCID: PMC6531989 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive leaf extract (OLE) is used in traditional medicine as a food supplement and as an over-the-counter drug for a variety of its effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic ones. Mechanisms through which OLE could modulate these pathways in human vasculature remain largely unknown. Serum amyloid A (SAA) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases and induces pro-inflammatory and pro-adhesive responses in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). Within this study we explored whether OLE can attenuate SAA-driven responses in HCAEC. HCAEC were treated with SAA (1,000 nM) and/or OLE (0.5 and 1 mg/ml). The expression of adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and E-selectin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) and microRNA 146a, let-7e, and let-7g (involved in the regulation of inflammation) was determined by qPCR. The amount of secreted IL-6, IL-8, MIF, and GRO-α in cell culture supernatants was quantified by ELISA. Phosphorylation of NF-κB was assessed by Western blot and DNA damage was measured using the COMET assay. OLE decreased significantly released protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8, as well as mRNA expression of E-selectin in SAA-stimulated HCAEC and reduced MMP2 levels in unstimulated cells. Phosphorylation of NF-κB (p65) was upregulated in the presence of SAA, with OLE significantly attenuating this SAA-induced effect. OLE stabilized SAA-induced upregulation of microRNA-146a and let-7e in HCAEC, suggesting that OLE could fine-tune the SAA-driven activity of NF-κB by changing the microRNA networks in HCAEC. SAA induced DNA damage and worsened the oxidative DNA damage in HCAEC, whereas OLE protected HCAEC from SAA- and H2O2-driven DNA damage. OLE significantly attenuated certain pro-inflammatory and pro-adhesive responses and decreased DNA damage in HCAEC upon stimulation with SAA. The reversal of SAA-driven endothelial activation by OLE might contribute to its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects in HCAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaž Burja
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tadeja Kuret
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Janko
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Science and Information Technology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Dijana Topalović
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lada Živković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Polona Žigon
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Saša Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Snezna Sodin-Semrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Science and Information Technology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Katja Lakota
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Science and Information Technology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Frank-Bertoncelj
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Topalović D, Dekanski D, Spremo-Potparević B, Pirković A, Borozan S, Bajić V, Stojanović D, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Živković L. Dry olive leaf extract attenuates DNA damage induced by estradiol and diethylstilbestrol in human peripheral blood cells in vitro. Mutat Res 2018; 845:402993. [PMID: 31561897 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic groups of steroidal or nonsteroidal estrogens can redox cycle, leading to oxidative stress, where creation of reactive oxygen species are recognized as the main mechanism of their DNA damage properties. Dry olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract is known to contain bioactive and antioxidative components and to have an ability to modulate the effects of various oxidants in cells. The main goal of this study was to investigate antigenotoxic potential of a standardized dry olive leaf extract on DNA damage induced by 17β-estradiol and diethylstilbestrol in human whole blood cells in vitro, using comet assay. Our results indicated that both hormones showed a genotoxic effect at a concentration of 100 μM (P < 0.05, n = 6). Dry olive leaf extract was efficient in reducing number of cells with estrogen-induced DNA damage at tested concentrations (0.125, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL) (P < 0.05, n = 6) and under two experimental protocols, pre-treatment and post-treatment, exhibiting antigenotoxic properties. Analysis of antioxidant properties of the extract revealed moderate ABTS radical scavenging properties and reducing power. Overall, our results suggested that the protective potential of dry olive leaf extract could arise from the synergistic effect of its scavenging activity and enhancement of the cells' antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Topalović
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- Biomedical Research, R&D Institute, Galenika a.d., Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Spremo-Potparević
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andrea Pirković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladan Bajić
- The Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Danilo Stojanović
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Lada Živković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Živković L, Bajić V, Dekanski D, Čabarkapa-Pirković A, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Mazzoni L, Potparević BS. Manuka honey attenuates oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in human whole blood in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:61-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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20
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Antihypertensive Effects of Roselle-Olive Combination in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9460653. [PMID: 29201276 PMCID: PMC5671754 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9460653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy of a new combination therapy of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Olea europaea extracts (2 : 1; Roselle-Olive), using N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester- (L-NAME-) induced hypertensive model. Rats received L-NAME (50 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 weeks. Concurrent treatment with Roselle-Olive (500, 250, and 125 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reversed the L-NAME-induced suppression in serum nitric oxide (NO), and improved liver and kidney markers, lipid profile, and oxidative status. Furthermore, Roselle-Olive significantly lowered the elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (ACE) and showed a marked genoprotective effect against oxidative DNA damage in hypertensive rats. Roselle-Olive ameliorated kidney and heart lesions and reduced aortic media thickness. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry showed an enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and protein expression in both heart and kidney of Roselle-Olive-treated rats. To conclude, our data revealed that Roselle-Olive is an effective combination in which H. sabdariffa and O. europaea synergistically act to control hypertension. These effects are likely to be mediated by antioxidant and genoprotective actions, ACE inhibition, and eNOS upregulation by Roselle-Olive constituents. These findings provide evidences that Roselle-Olive combination affords efficient antihypertensive effect with a broad end-organ protective influence.
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Čabarkapa A, Dekanski D, Živković L, Milanović-Čabarkapa M, Bajić V, Topalović D, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Battino M, Spremo-Potparević B. Unexpected effect of dry olive leaf extract on the level of DNA damage in lymphocytes of lead intoxicated workers, before and after CaNa 2 EDTA chelation therapy. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:616-623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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22
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Antigenotoxic Properties of Agaricus blazei against Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Peripheral Blood Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8759764. [PMID: 28316757 PMCID: PMC5339630 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8759764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Agaricus blazei mushroom in its dried and powdered mycelial form was evaluated for its antigenotoxic properties for the first time. Antigenotoxic effects in human peripheral blood cells against H2O2-induced DNA damage were examined in pretreatment and posttreatment protocol by comet assay. The results showed better antigenotoxic properties of Agaricus blazei on the interventional level, respectively, after treatment. Agaricus blazei in concentration of 250 μg/mL after treatment was most efficient in regard to its action against DNA damage. The evaluation of repair kinetics showed decrease in H2O2 induced DNA damage 15 min after the application of A. blazei, reaching the maximum potency after 30 min. Analysis of antioxidant properties of Agaricus blazei revealed strong •OH scavenging properties and moderate reducing power, while its DPPH scavenging ability was weak. In regard to our findings, we can conclude that our preliminary results demonstrated antigenotoxic properties of Agaricus blazei and its strong •OH scavenging ability. Mechanisms underlying its properties should be further evaluated in in vivo studies.
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Özcan MM, Matthäus B. A review: benefit and bioactive properties of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves. Eur Food Res Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-016-2726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Čabarkapa A, Živković L, Borozan S, Zlatković-Švenda M, Dekanski D, Jančić I, Radak-Perović M, Bajić V, Spremo-Potparević B. Dry Olive Leaf Extract in Combination with Methotrexate Reduces Cell Damage in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients-A Pilot Study. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1615-1623. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Čabarkapa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Lada Živković
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Mirjana Zlatković-Švenda
- Clinical Rheumatology; Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- Biomedical Research; R&D Institute, Galenika a.d.; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ivan Jančić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Belgrade; Serbia
| | - Marija Radak-Perović
- Clinical Rheumatology; Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Vladan Bajić
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics; Institute for Nuclear Research ‘Vinca’, University of Belgrade; Serbia
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Talhaoui N, Taamalli A, Gómez-Caravaca AM, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Segura-Carretero A. Phenolic compounds in olive leaves: Analytical determination, biotic and abiotic influence, and health benefits. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Hassen I, Casabianca H, Hosni K. Biological activities of the natural antioxidant oleuropein: Exceeding the expectation – A mini-review. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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27
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Fang L, Neutzner A, Turtschi S, Flammer J, Mozaffarieh M. Comet assay as an indirect measure of systemic oxidative stress. J Vis Exp 2015:e52763. [PMID: 26065491 PMCID: PMC4542923 DOI: 10.3791/52763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher eukaryotic organisms cannot live without oxygen; yet, paradoxically, oxygen can be harmful to them. The oxygen molecule is chemically relatively inert because it has two unpaired electrons located in different pi * anti-bonding orbitals. These two electrons have parallel spins, meaning they rotate in the same direction about their own axes. This is why the oxygen molecule is not very reactive. Activation of oxygen may occur by two different mechanisms; either through reduction via one electron at a time (monovalent reduction), or through the absorption of sufficient energy to reverse the spin of one of the unpaired electrons. This results in the production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). There are a number of ways in which the human body eliminates ROS in its physiological state. If ROS production exceeds the repair capacity, oxidative stress results and damages different molecules. There are many different methods by which oxidative stress can be measured. This manuscript focuses on one of the methods named cell gel electrophoresis, also known as “comet assay” which allows measurement of DNA breaks. If all factors known to cause DNA damage, other than oxidative stress are kept constant, the amount of DNA damage measured by comet assay is a good parameter of oxidative stress. The principle is simple and relies upon the fact that DNA molecules are negatively charged. An intact DNA molecule has such a large size that it does not migrate during electrophoresis. DNA breaks, however, if present result in smaller fragments which move in the electrical field towards the anode. Smaller fragments migrate faster. As the fragments have different sizes the final result of the electrophoresis is not a distinct line but rather a continuum with the shape of a comet. The system allows a quantification of the resulting “comet” and thus of the DNA breaks in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Albert Neutzner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
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Pharmacological and Genotoxic Properties of Polyphenolic Extracts of Cedrela odorata L. and Juglans regia L. Barks in Rodents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:187346. [PMID: 25945104 PMCID: PMC4402197 DOI: 10.1155/2015/187346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Cedrela odorata L. and Juglans regia L. bark extracts was performed in vitro. Juglans regia showed greater extract concentration and higher antioxidant activity. Hypoglycemic activity in rats was assessed by generating a glucose tolerance curve and determining the area under the curve (AUC). Diabetes was later induced by an injection with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg of b.w.) and confirmed after 24 hours. The extract was administered (200 mg/kg b.w.) over 10 days, and blood glucose was monitored and compared with a control group. The glucose AUC showed a hypoglycemic effect of J. regia and C. odorata in normal rats. Both extracts reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. Polyphenolic extracts reduced cholesterol levels in a hypercholesterolemic mouse model and decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation. Polyphenolic extract doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. were administered alone or with cyclophosphamide (CPA) 50 mg/kg ip, which was used as a positive control. Analyses were performed using leukocytes in a comet assay after 4 and 24 h of treatment. Genotoxic effects were evaluated by the comet assay, which showed that while J. regia extract had no effect, C. odorata extract induced slight damage at 200 mg/kg, with the formation of type 0 and 1 comets.
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Dry olive leaf extract counteracts L-thyroxine-induced genotoxicity in human peripheral blood leukocytes in vitro. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:762192. [PMID: 25789081 PMCID: PMC4350944 DOI: 10.1155/2015/762192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid hormones change the rate of basal metabolism, modulating the consumption of oxygen and causing production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to the development of oxidative stress and DNA strand breaks. Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf contains many potentially bioactive compounds, making it one of the most potent natural antioxidants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity of L-thyroxine and to investigate antioxidative and antigenotoxic potential of the standardized oleuropein-rich dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) against hydrogen peroxide and L-thyroxine-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood leukocytes by using the comet assay. Various concentrations of the extract were tested with both DNA damage inducers, under two different experimental conditions, pretreatment and posttreatment. Results indicate that L-thyroxine exhibited genotoxic effect and that DOLE displayed protective effect against thyroxine-induced genotoxicity. The number of cells with DNA damage, was significantly reduced, in both pretreated and posttreated samples (P < 0.05). Comparing the beneficial effect of all tested concentrations of DOLE, in both experimental protocols, it appears that extract was more effective in reducing DNA damage in the pretreatment, exhibiting protective role against L-thyroxine effect. This feature of DOLE can be explained by its capacity to act as potent free radical scavenger.
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