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Zheng W, Ning K, Shi C, Zhou YF, Meng Y, Pan T, Chen Y, Xie Q, Xiang H. Xiaobugan decoction prevents CCl 4-induced acute liver injury by modulating gut microbiota and hepatic metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156113. [PMID: 39388924 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver plays a crucial role in detoxification and metabolism. When its capacity to metabolize foreign substances is exceeded, it can lead to acute liver injury (ALI). Therefore, preventing liver disease and maintaining daily liver health are of utmost importance. Xiaobugan Decoction (XBGD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is recorded in 'Fuxingjue', is used in folk practice to promote liver health and regulate respiration. However, the hepatoprotective mechanisms of XBGD remained unclear. PURPOSE We investigated the prophylactic and hepatoprotective effects of XBGD and explored its related molecular mechanisms using a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced ALI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS XBGD composition was determined using analytical methods, and the main compounds were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive focus mass spectrum (UHPLC-QE-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A CCl4-induced L02 cell injury model was employed to explore the protective effects of XBGD on liver cells, and a CCl4-induced ALI mouse model was used to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of XBGD. RESULTS Cellular experiments demonstrated that XBGD had a protective function against L02 cell damage by increasing cell viability, restoring alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and improving mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). In the mouse ALI model, XBGD prevented ALI by reducing ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and inhibiting oxidative stress. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immumohistochemical staining and western blotting results revealed that XBGD exerted hepatoprotective effects by reducing inflammatory responses and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Furthermore, 1H-NMR metabolomics indicated that XBGD regulates hepatic and intestinal metabolism, whereas 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated the regulatory effects of XBGD on the gut microbiota. Correlation analysis highlighted the close relationship among gut microbiota, metabolites, and ALI indicators. CONCLUSIONS XBGD is a promising TCM for the prevention of CCl4-induced ALI via regulation of microbiota and metabolism. This study provides a new perspective on the development of hepatoprotective measures and the prevention of liver disease in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Ke Ning
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yong-Fei Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yao Meng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Tong Pan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012, PR China; Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong Jilin 134504, PR China.
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012, PR China; Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong Jilin 134504, PR China.
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Zhang H, Cui X, Liu W, Xiang Z, Ye JF. Regulation of intestinal microflora and metabolites of Penthorum chinense Pursh on alcoholic liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1331956. [PMID: 38328577 PMCID: PMC10847573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1331956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was the second leading cause of liver injury. Penthorum chinense Pursh (GHC) is an important Miao ethnic drug of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver disease, but the pathogenesis is not clear. Aim of the study: To analysis the intestinal microflora and metabolic pathway of GHC on ALD mice. Methods: An HPLC-QTOF-MS method was used to identified the components from GHC extract, firstly. 60 mice were divided into six groups including blank group, model group, positive group and GHC groups (0.29, 0.87 and 2.61 g/kg). ALD mice was treated with GHC for 12 days. ALT, AST, TC and TG in serum were determined, liver index and pathological analysis were achieved. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the intestinal microbial diversity. Finally, UPLC-QTOF-MS was used to analysis the metabolic pathways. Results: 38 ingredients were identified in GHC extract. Compared with the model group, liver index of the positive group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, contents of ALT, AST, TC and TG of GHC groups reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Intestinal microbial diversity analysis indicated that Chao1, Observed species, Pielou_e, and Shannon indexes in GHC group (2.61 g/kg) were lower than those in model group. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that the intestinal microbial composition between blank group and model group, the model group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group changed significantly. Compared with the model group, proportion of Firmicutes decreased, and the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased significantly in GHC group, which were 50.84% and 40.15%. The more prominent bacteria in the GHC group were odoribacteraceae, turicibacter, deferribacteraceae, and the intestinal beneficial symbiotic bacteria mucispirillum. Metabolic analysis indicated that, compared with blank group, 90 metabolites in model group changed significantly, and 68 metabolites were significantly callback in GHC group. Discussion: GHC has a therapeutic effect on ALD by regulating intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic pathways including Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Butanoate metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ji-Feng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zheng W, Shi C, Meng Y, Peng J, Zhou Y, Pan T, Ning K, Xie Q, Xiang H. Integrated network analysis and metabolomics reveal the molecular mechanism of Yinchen Sini decoction in CCl 4-induced acute liver injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1221046. [PMID: 37818184 PMCID: PMC10561237 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1221046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Yinchen Sini decoction (YCSND), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, plays a crucial role in the treatment of liver disease. However, the bioactive constituents and pharmacological mechanisms of action remain unclear. The present study aimed to reveal the molecular mechanism of YCSND in the treatment of acute liver injury (ALI) using integrated network analysis and metabolomics. Methods: Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive focus mass spectrum (UHPLC-QE-MS) was utilized to identify metabolites in YCSND, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to evaluate the quality of four botanical drugs in YCSND. Cell damage and ALI models in mice were established using CCl4. 1H-NMR metabolomics approach, along with histopathological observation using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), biochemical measurements, and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), was applied to evaluate the effect of YCSND on CCl4- induced ALI. Network analysis was conducted to predict the potential targets of YCSND in ALI. Result: Our results showed that 89 metabolites in YCSND were identified using UHPLC-QE-MS. YCSND protected against ALI by reducing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and increasing those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) both in vivo and in vitro. The 1H-NMRmetabolic pattern revealed that YCSND reversed CCl4-induced metabolic abnormalities in the liver. Additionally, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis identified five pathways related to liver injury, including the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, HIF-1, apoptosis, and TNF signaling pathways. Moreover, RT-qPCR showed YCSND regulated the inflammatory response (Tlr4, Il6, Tnfα, Nfκb1, Ptgs2, and Mmp9) and apoptosis (Bcl2, Caspase3, Bax, and Mapk3), and inhibited PI3K-AKT signaling pathway (Pi3k and Akt1). Combined network analysis and metabolomics showed a link between the key targets (Tlr4, Ptgs2, and Mmp9) and vital metabolites (choline, xanthine, lactate, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid) of YCSND in ALI. Conclusion: Overall, the results contribute to the understanding of the therapeutic effects of YCSND on ALI, and indicate that the integrated network analysis and metabolomics could be a powerful strategy to reveal the pharmacological effects of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongfei Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Pan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ke Ning
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, Jilin, China
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Yang T, Wang YL, Zhang YL, Liu YT, Tao YY, Zhou H, Liu CH. The protective effect of Capparis spinosa fruit on triptolide-induced acute liver injury: A metabolomics-based systematic study. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Ammar NM, Hassan HA, Abdallah HMI, Afifi SM, Elgamal AM, Farrag ARH, El-Gendy AENG, Farag MA, Elshamy AI. Protective Effects of Naringenin from Citrus sinensis (var. Valencia) Peels against CCl 4-Induced Hepatic and Renal Injuries in Rats Assessed by Metabolomics, Histological and Biochemical Analyses. Nutrients 2022; 14:841. [PMID: 35215494 PMCID: PMC8924893 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are grown worldwide for their special nutritive and several health benefits. Among citrus bioactives, naringenin, a major flavanone, exhibits a potential hepatoprotective effect that is not fully elucidated. Herein, serum biochemical parameters and histopathological assays were used to estimate the hepatoprotective activity of naringenin, isolated from Citrus sinensis (var. Valencia) peels, in CCl4-induced injury in a rat model. Further, GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics was used to characterize the potential metabolite biomarkers associated with its activity. Present results revealed that naringenin could ameliorate the increases in liver enzymes (ALT and AST) induced by CCl4 and attenuate the pathological changes in liver tissue. Naringenin decreased urea, creatinine and uric acid levels and improved the kidney tissue architecture, suggesting its role in treating renal disorders. In addition, naringenin increased the expression of the antiapoptoic cell marker, Bcl-2. Significant changes in serum metabolic profiling were noticed in the naringenin-treated group compared to the CCl4 group, exemplified by increases in palmitic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid and lauric acids and decrease levels of alanine, tryptophan, lactic acid, glucosamine and glucose in CCl4 model rats. The results suggested that naringenin's potential hepato- and renoprotective effects could be related to its ability to regulate fatty acids (FAs), amino acids and energy metabolism, which may become effective targets for liver and kidney toxicity management. In conclusion, the current study presents new insights into the hepato- and renoprotective mechanisms of naringenin against CCl4-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa M. Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (N.M.A.); (H.A.H.)
| | - Heba A. Hassan
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (N.M.A.); (H.A.H.)
| | - Heba M. I. Abdallah
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt;
| | - Abdelbaset M. Elgamal
- Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdel Razik H. Farrag
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El-Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Li Y, Guo Z, Cui H, Wang T, Xu Y, Zhao J. Urantide prevents CCl4‑induced acute liver injury in rats by regulating the MAPK signalling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:688. [PMID: 34328202 PMCID: PMC8365596 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of drugs and other triggers can cause acute liver injury (ALI) in clinical practice. Therefore, identifying a safe drug for the prevention of liver injury is important. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential preventive effect and regulatory mechanism of urantide on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‑induced ALI by investigating the expression of components of the MAPK signalling pathway and the urotensin II (UII)/urotensin receptor (UT) system. Liver oedema and severe fatty degeneration of the cytoplasm were observed in ALI model rats, and the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were found to be significantly increased. Compared with those in the ALI model group, ALT and AST levels and the liver index did not significantly increase in each group given the preventive administration of urantide, and the liver tissue morphology was correspondingly protected. Moreover, the gene and protein expression levels of UII, G protein‑coupled receptor (GPR14) and the oxidative stress‑sensitive cytokines, α‑smooth muscle actin and osteopontin were decreased, indicating that the protein translation process was effectively maintained. However, the expression levels of MAPK signalling pathway‑related proteins and genes were decreased. It was found that urantide could effectively block the MAPK signalling pathway by antagonizing the UII/UT system, thus protecting the livers of ALI model rats. Therefore, it was suggested that ALI may be associated with the MAPK signalling pathway, and effective inhibition of the MAPK signalling pathway may be critical in protecting the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Zheming Guo
- Second Department of Trauma, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Cui
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Tu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhang Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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A potent protective effect of baicalein on liver injury by regulating mitochondria-related apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 25:412-425. [PMID: 32409930 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Liver injury is the early stage of liver disease, which is caused by multiple factors. Baicalein has shown extensive bioactivity. But whether baicalein has a protective effect on liver injury has not been reported thus far. In this study, we aim to investigate the protective effects of baicalein on liver injury induced by oxidative stress. H2O2 and CCl4 were employed to establish liver injury models in vivo and in vitro, respectively. The protective effect of baicalein on oxidative stress-induced liver injury was evaluated by detecting the mitochondrial dynamics, the level of autophagy and apoptosis, the histopathology of liver, the indicators of liver function, and the level of oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. March5 is the key regulator during liver injury induced by oxidative stress. March5 can ubiquitinate Drp1 and promote Drp1 degradation, then maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics, keep the balance of autophagy, and reduce apoptosis. Baicalein is able to effectively reduce liver injury; it can contribute to the expression of March5 by regulating KLF4 during liver injury. These results indicate that baicalein plays a key role in salvaging liver from injury induced by oxidative stress via regulating the KLF4-March5-Drp1 signal pathway.
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Guo L, Kuang J, Zhuang Y, Jiang J, Shi Y, Huang C, Zhou C, Xu P, Liu P, Wu C, Hu G, Guo X. Serum Metabolomic Profiling to Reveal Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens. Front Physiol 2021; 12:590638. [PMID: 33633583 PMCID: PMC7900428 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.590638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS), a nutritional and metabolic disease that frequently occurs in laying hens, causes serious losses to the poultry industry. Nowadays, the traditional clinical diagnosis of FLHS still has its limitations. Therefore, searching for some metabolic biomarkers and elucidating the metabolic pathway in vivo are useful for the diagnosis and prevention of FLHS. In the present study, a model of FLHS in laying hens induced by feeding a high-energy, low-protein diet was established. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) was used to analyze the metabolites in serum at days 40 and 80. The result showed that, in total, 40 differential metabolites closely related to the occurrence and development of FLHS were screened and identified, which were mainly associated with lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism pathway disorders. Further investigation of differential metabolites showed 10 potential biomarkers such as 3-hydroxybutyric acid, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and glutamate were possessed of high diagnostic values by analyzing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In conclusion, this study showed that the metabolomic method based on GC-TOF-MS can be used in the clinical diagnosis of FLHS in laying hens and provide potential biomarkers for early risk evaluation of FLHS and further insights into FLHS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianying Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Kuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialin Jiang
- Jiangxi Biological Vocational College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Changming Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Puzhi Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Zeng B, Su M, Chen Q, Chang Q, Wang W, Li H. Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharide prevents carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice by metabolomic analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Sun L, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Wang M, Man J, Zhao C. Investigation of the therapeutic effect of Shaoyao Gancao decoction on CCL 4 -induced liver injury in rats by metabolomic analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4940. [PMID: 32634249 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Shaoyao Gancao decoction (SGD) is a famous Chinese traditional prescription for treating liver injury. In this research, we investigated the therapeutic effects of SGD on liver injury and its metabolic mechanisms using 1 H NMR and UPLC-MS. Serum biochemical indicators and histopathological methods were used to determine the mechanism of action of SGD in treating liver injury. An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis method was used to screen potential metabolic markers, and the MetaboAnalyst and KEGG PATHWAY databases were used to find relevant metabolic pathways. A total of 26 significant metabolites were identified with significant changes in their abundance levels, and these metabolites are involved in many metabolic pathways such as amino acid and lipid metabolism. The changes in biomarker levels reveal the therapeutic effect of SGD on liver injury, which is of great significance to speculate on possible metabolic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi Man
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Kim H, Kim JH, Zuo G, Lim SS. Anti-obesity effect of Melandrium firmum Rohrbach extract in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6N mice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2251-2261. [PMID: 32405382 PMCID: PMC7215215 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we first investigated the influence of Melandrium firmum Rohrbach (MF) on the accumulation of lipid content in 3T3-L1 cells and in vitro results showed that MF extraction suppressed the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner without showing cytotoxicity. Hence, we studied the effects of MF on preventing obesity in C57BL/6N mice. The results showed that MF decreased food efficiency ratio, body weight, epididymal adipose and hepatic tissue weight, hepatic lipid metabolites, and triacylglycerol and cholesterol serum levels, when compared with the high-fat diet group. Moreover, MF significantly inhibited the expression of genes related to adipogenesis, such as PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, and aP2, and those related to lipogenesis, such as SREBP-1c, FAS, SCD-1, and CD36 in epididymal adipose and liver tissues. These anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic effects of MF suggest that it could be used as a food including potential functional ingredient to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Institute of Natural MedicineHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
| | - Guanglei Zuo
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
- Institute of Natural MedicineHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
- Institute of Korean NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonKorea
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Wang X, Rezeng C, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang L, Chen J, Li Z. Toxicological Risks of Renqingchangjue in Rats Evaluated by 1H NMR-Based Serum and Urine Metabolomics Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2169-2179. [PMID: 32064377 PMCID: PMC7016918 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Renqingchangjue (RQCJ), a kind of Traditional Tibetan Medicine, has been widely utilized to treat various gastroenteritis diseases. However, the biosafety and toxicity of RQCJ was still indefinite because of toxic components in RQCJ, which included a variety of heavy metals. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the toxicity and expound the toxicological mechanism of RQCJ. In this study, rats were intragastrically administered with different doses of RQCJ for 15 days, and then, the restorative observation period lasted for 15 days. Liver and kidney tissues were collected for histopathological examination, and simultaneously serum and urine samples were collected for 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy analysis and biochemical analysis combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurement. The 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis revealed that the administration of RQCJ significantly altered the concentrations of 14 serum metabolites and 14 urine metabolites, which implied disturbances in energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, intestinal flora environment, and membrane damage. Besides, the biochemical analysis of serum samples was consistent with the histopathological results, which indicated slight hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The quantification of As and Hg in urine and serum samples by ICP-MS provided more evidence about the toxicity of RQCJ. This work provided an effective method to systematically and dynamically evaluate the toxicity of RQCJ and suggested that precautions should be taken in the clinic to monitor the potential toxicity of RQCJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, No. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Caidan Rezeng
- College
of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, No. 3 Bayizhong Road, Xining 810000, PR China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, No. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Beisanhuandonglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, No. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Beisanhuandonglu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zhongfeng Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, No. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
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13
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Zhao R, Mu W, Wang X, Yang S, Duan C, Zhang J. Protective effects of aqueous extract from Gei Herba on blood-deficiency mice: insights gained by a metabolomic approach. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10167-10177. [PMID: 35498624 PMCID: PMC9050215 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing tumor incidence, anemia (categorized as a blood deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine) caused by chemotherapy has become a major side effect worldwide. Gei Herba, a traditional Miao nation herb, has a prominent effect on the treatment of blood deficiency (BD). However, its application is limited owing to little fundamental research. Therefore, a GC-MS metabolomic approach was used to study the protective effect of aqueous extract from Gei Herba (AEG) on BD mice and its putative mechanism. In this study, 32 male mice were divided into four groups: a control group, a BD model group, and two groups subjected to AEG treatment at a daily dose of 0.15 or 0.30 g kg−1 for 8 d. After AEG treatment, the HGB and HCT levels in the blood of BD mice were significantly increased, the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the histomorphology of the liver was improved. Furthermore, compared with those in the model group, the levels of eight significant metabolites [phosphoric acid, glycine, l-proline, ribitol, (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, oleic acid, uridine and 4B2H-carbamic acid] in the liver were significantly changed by AEG. The findings of this study provide sound evidence regarding the protective effects of AEG in BD mice from both classical and metabolomic perspectives. The mechanisms of action of AEG could be related to regulation of linoleic acid metabolism and that of glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. The protective effect and mechanism of Gei Herba in BD mice were revealed by classical and metabolomic perspectives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Wenbi Mu
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Sha Yang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Cancan Duan
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
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14
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Su G, Wang H, Bai J, Chen G, Pei Y. A Metabonomics Approach to Drug Toxicology in Liver Disease and its Application in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:292-300. [PMID: 30599107 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666181231124439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression of liver disease causes metabolic transformation in vivo and thus affects corresponding endogenous small molecular compounds. Metabonomics is a powerful technology which is able to assess global low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites in a biological system. This review is intended to provide an overview of a metabonomics approach to the drug toxicology of diseases of the liver. METHODS The regulation of, and relationship between, endogenous metabolites and diseases of the liver is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the metabolic pathways involved in drug interventions of liver diseases are reviewed. Evaluation of the protective mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in liver diseases using metabonomics is also reviewed. Examples of applications of metabolite profiling concerning biomarker discovery are highlighted. In addition, new developments and future prospects are described. RESULTS Metabonomics can measure changes in metabolism relating to different stages of liver disease, so metabolic differences can provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of various diseases. CONCLUSION Metabonomics has great advantages in all aspects of the therapy of liver diseases, with good prospects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyue Su
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiao Bai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuehu Pei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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15
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Mi S, Fan Q, Sun X, Deng B, Wu G, Li Y, Zhou Q, Ruan Z. Hepatoprotective effect of chlorogenic acid against chronic liver injury in inflammatory rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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16
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Chen R, Wang Q, Zhao L, Yang S, Li Z, Feng Y, Chen J, Ong CN, Zhang H. Lomatogonium Rotatum for Treatment of Acute Liver Injury in Mice: A Metabolomics Study. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100227. [PMID: 31615066 PMCID: PMC6836280 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ex Nym (LR) is used as a traditional Mongolian medicine to treat liver and bile diseases. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of LR on mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury through conventional assays and metabolomics analysis. This study consisted of male mice (n = 23) in four groups (i.e., control, model, positive control, and LR). The extract of whole plant of LR was used to treat mice in the LR group. Biochemical and histological assays (i.e., serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), and histological changes of liver tissue) were used to evaluate LR efficacy, and metabolomics analysis based on GC-MS and LC-MS was conducted to reveal metabolic changes. The conventional analysis and metabolomic profiles both suggested that LR treatment could protect mice against CCl4-induced acute liver injury. The affected metabolic pathways included linoleic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, CoA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, the TCA cycle, and purine metabolism. This study identified eight metabolites, including phosphopantothenic acid, succinic acid, AMP, choline, glycerol 3-phosphate, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and DHA, as potential biomarkers for evaluating hepatoprotective effect of LR. This metabolomics study may shed light on possible mechanisms of hepatoprotective effect of LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Chen
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Lanjun Zhao
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Shilin Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Zhifeng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Jiaqing Chen
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
| | - Hui Zhang
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
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17
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Gou XJ, Gao S, Chen L, Feng Q, Hu YY. A Metabolomic Study on the Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine Qushi Huayu Decoction on Rat Model of Fatty Liver Induced by High-Fat Diet. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5920485. [PMID: 30881991 PMCID: PMC6383432 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5920485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Qushi Huayu Decoction (QHD), an important clinically proved herbal formula, has been reported to be effective in treating fatty liver induced by high-fat diet in rats. However, the mechanism of action has not been clarified at the metabolic level. In this study, a urinary metabolomic method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with pattern recognition analysis was performed in three groups (control, model, and QHD group), to explore the effect of QHD on fatty liver and its mechanism of action. There was obvious separation between the model group and control group, and the QHD group showed a tendency of recovering to the control group in metabolic profiles. Twelve candidate biomarkers were identified and used to explore the possible mechanism. Then, a pathway analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 to illustrate the pathways of therapeutic action of QHD. QHD reversed the urinary metabolite abnormalities (tryptophan, uridine, and phenylalanine, etc.). Fatty liver might be prevented by QHD through regulating the dysfunctions of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. This work demonstrated that metabolomics might be helpful for understanding the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine for future clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-jun Gou
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangxian, Shaanxi 712046, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-yang Hu
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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18
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Shang XL, Pan LC, Tang Y, Luo Y, Zhu ZY, Sun HQ, Meng M, Zhang YM. 1H NMR-based metabonomics of the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:1366-1372. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1516216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Shang
- College of Life Science, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Yun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - You Luo
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Meng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Yong-min Zhang
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institute Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Paris, France
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19
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Xu C, Wang Y, Rezeng C, Zhang L, Zhao B, Wang X, Wu X, Li Z, Chen J. Tissue metabolomics study to reveal the toxicity of a traditional Tibetan medicine 'Renqing Changjue' in rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:37652-37664. [PMID: 35558588 PMCID: PMC9089440 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07058j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Renqing Changjue (RQCJ), a precious Traditional Tibetan Medicine (TTM), has been widely used in the management of diseases of the digestive system, toxinosis and pyreticosis. However, in the formula, a significant level of heavy metals, which are potential toxic elements, are present. Therefore, it is important to assess the toxicity of RQCJ dynamically and holistically. In the present study, a 1H NMR metabolomics approach and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were implemented to analyze the samples of liver, kidney and spleen from rats treated with RQCJ. The results revealed that 9 metabolites in the liver, 13 metabolites in the kidney and 16 metabolites in the spleen were significantly altered, which suggest that disturbances in TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and oxidative stress are produced by successive administration of RQCJ over 15 days. Complemented by histopathology and biochemical assay, the trends of the metabolite levels indicate that RQCJ caused tissue injury to a certain extent, which was evidenced by the high levels of As and Hg in the tissue. The toxic effects of RQCJ were alleviated in liver and kidney during the recovery period, and RQCJ may cause long-term damage in spleen. These findings provide a significant experimental proof on the estimated safety and valuable information about the metabolism of RQCJ, which will be valuable in determining the health risks of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Caidan Rezeng
- College of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities UniversityNo. 3 Bayizhong RoadXining810000PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineNo. 11 Beisanhuandonglu, Chaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029PR China+86-010-64286283+86-010-64286508
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Xiuyuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Zhongfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityNo. 105, Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian DistrictBeijing 100048PR China+86-10-68902687+86-10-68902655
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineNo. 11 Beisanhuandonglu, Chaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029PR China+86-010-64286283+86-010-64286508
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20
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Zhang QQ, Huang WQ, Gao YQ, Han ZD, Zhang W, Zhang ZJ, Xu FG. Metabolomics Reveals the Efficacy of Caspase Inhibition for Saikosaponin D-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:732. [PMID: 30034340 PMCID: PMC6043666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saikosaponin d (SSd) is a major hepatoprotective component of saikosaponins derived from Radix Bupleuri, which was also linked to hepatotoxicity. Previous studies have demonstrated that caspases play a key role in SSd-induced liver cell death. Our in vitro and in vivo studies also showed that treatment with caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk could significantly reduce the L02 hepatocyte cells death and lessen the degree of liver damage in mice caused by SSd. In order to further reveal the underlying mechanisms of caspase inhibition in SSd-induced hepatotoxicity, mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics was conducted. Significant alterations in metabolic profiling were observed in SSd-treated group, which could be restored by caspase inhibition. Bile acids and phospholipids were screened out to be most significant by spearman correlation analysis, heatmap analysis and S-Plot analysis. These findings were further confirmed by absolute quantitation of bile acids via targeted metabolomics approach. Furthermore, cytokine profiles were analyzed to identify potential associations between inflammation and metabolites. The study could provide deeper insight into the hepatotoxicity of SSd and the efficacy of caspase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Qiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-di Han
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau
| | - Zun-Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng-Guo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Syringa oblata leaves ethanol extract with the indicator of glutathione S -transferase A1. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Wei DD, Wang JS, Duan JA, Kong LY. Metabolomic Assessment of Acute Cholestatic Injuries Induced by Thioacetamide and by Bile Duct Ligation, and the Protective Effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:458. [PMID: 29867467 PMCID: PMC5952270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction, a traditional Chinese formula, has been reported to protect liver from various injuries. Two cholestasis models of rats induced by thioacetamide and by bile duct ligation were established and treated with Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-based urinary metabolic profiles were analyzed by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and univariate analysis to excavate differential metabolites associated with the injuries of the two models and the treatment effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. The two cholestatic models shared common metabolic features of excessive fatty acid oxidation, insufficient glutathione regeneration and disturbed gut flora, with specific characteristics of inhibited urea cycle and DNA damage in thioacetamide-intoxicated model, and perturbed Kreb's cycle and inhibited branched chain amino acid oxidation in bile duct ligation model. With good treatment effects, Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction could regain the balance of the disturbed metabolic status common in the two cholestasis injuries, e.g., unbalanced redox system and disturbed gut flora; and perturbed urea cycle in thioacetamide-intoxicated model and energy crisis (disturbed Kreb's cycle and oxidation of branched chain amino acid) in bile duct ligation model, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Song Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Guo Q, Zhang QQ, Chen JQ, Zhang W, Qiu HC, Zhang ZJ, Liu BM, Xu FG. Liver metabolomics study reveals protective function of Phyllanthus urinaria against CCl 4-induced liver injury. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:525-533. [PMID: 28807226 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthus Urinaria L. (PUL) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat hepatic and renal disorders. However, the mechanism of its hepatoprotective action is not fully understood. In the present study, blood biochemical indexes and liver histopathological changes were used to estimate the extent of hepatic injury. GC/MS and LC/MS-based untargeted metabolomics were used in combination to characterize the potential biomarkers associated with the protective activity of PUL against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats. PUL treatment could reverse the increase in ALT, AST and ALP induced by CCl4 and attenuate the pathological changes in rat liver. Significant changes in liver metabolic profiling were observed in PUL-treated group compared with liver injury model group. Seventeen biomarkers related to the hepatoprotective effects of PUL against CCl4-induced liver injury were screened out using nonparametric test and Pearson's correlation analysis (OPLS-DA). The results suggested that the potential hepatoprotective effects of PUL in attenuating CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity could be partially attributed to regulating L-carnitine, taurocholic acid, and amino acids metabolism, which may become promising targets for treatment of liver toxicity. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the mechanism of the hepatoprotection of Phyllanthus Urinaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State key laboratory of natural medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State key laboratory of natural medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia-Qing Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State key laboratory of natural medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science & Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Hong-Cong Qiu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Zun-Jian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State key laboratory of natural medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bu-Ming Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning 530022, China.
| | - Feng-Guo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State key laboratory of natural medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Dietary butyrate glycerides modulate intestinal microbiota composition and serum metabolites in broilers. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4940. [PMID: 29563518 PMCID: PMC5862971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyrate can modulate the immune response and energy expenditure of animals and enhance intestinal health. The present study investigated changes in the intestinal microbiota composition and serum metabolites of young broilers in response to 3,000 ppm butyrate in the form of butyrate glycerides (BG) via pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The dietary treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota, but altered its composition. Thirty-nine key operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in differentiating cecal microbiota community structures between BG treated and untreated chickens were also identified. Bifidobacterium was, in particular, affected by the dietary treatment significantly, showing an increase in not only the abundance (approximately 3 fold, P ≤ 0.05) but also the species diversity. The (NMR)-based analysis revealed an increase in serum concentrations of alanine, low-density and very low-density lipoproteins, and lipids (P ≤ 0.05) by BG. More interestingly, the dietary treatment also boosted (P ≤ 0.05) serum concentrations of bacterial metabolites, including choline, glycerophosphorylcholine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, lactate, and succinate. In conclusion, the data suggest the modulation of intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites by BG dietary treatment and potential contribution of intestinal bacteria to lipid metabolism/energy homeostasis in broilers.
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Li H, Zhao H, Wang F, He Q, Zhang T, Wang S. Serum metabonomics study of the hepatoprotective effect of amarogentin on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice by GC-TOF-MS analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 149:120-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Jiang H, Liu J, Qin XJ, Chen YY, Gao JR, Meng M, Wang Y, Wang T. Gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry-based metabonomics of changes in the urinary metabolic profile in osteoarthritic rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2777-2785. [PMID: 29599826 PMCID: PMC5867455 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore changes in the urinary metabolic spectrum in rats with knee osteoarthritis, using gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) to determine the metabonomic disease pathogenesis. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups (n=8/group), and 20 µl of 4% papain and 0.03 M L-cysteine was injected into the right knee on days 1, 3 and 7 to establish the knee osteoarthritis model. Following 14 days, urine was collected over 12 h and cartilage ultrastructural damage was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. GC-TOF/MS, combined with principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant modeling and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant modeling, was used to analyze the changes in the metabolic spectrum trajectory and to identify potential biomarkers and their related metabolic pathways. Compared with the control group, the synovial cell lining of the knee joint exhibited proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fiber hyperplasia in the knee osteoarthritis group. A total of 23 potential biomarkers were identified, including alanine, α-ketoglutarate, asparagine, maltose and glutamine. Furthermore, metabolomic pathogenesis of osteoarthritis may be related to disorders of amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China.,College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Mei Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, P.R. China
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Guan Z, Wu J, Wang C, Zhang F, Wang Y, Wang M, Zhao M, Zhao C. Investigation of the preventive effect of Sijunzi decoction on mitomycin C-induced immunotoxicity in rats by 1H NMR and MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:179-191. [PMID: 28866044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is a well known traditional Chinese prescription used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and immunity enhancement. It has been found to indeed improve life quality of chemotherapy patients and extensive used in clinical conbined with chemotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of the immunotoxicity of SJZD on mitomycin C (MMC) and the metabolic mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS NMR and MS-based metabolomics approaches were combined for monitoring MMC-induced immunotoxicity and the protective effect of SJZD. Body weight change and mortality, histopathological observations and relative viscera weight determinations of spleen and thymus, sternum micronucleus assay and hematological analysis were used to confirm the immunotoxicity and attenuation effects. An OPLS-DA approach was used to screen potential biomarkers of immunotoxicity and the MetaboAnalyst and KEGG PATHWAY Database were used to investigate the metabolic pathways. RESULTS 8 biomarkers in plasma samples, 19 in urine samples and 10 in spleen samples were identified as being primarily involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism. The most critical pathway was alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The variations in biomarkers revealed the preventive effect of the immunotoxicity of SJZD on MMC and significant for speculating the possible metabolic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Juan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Cancan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yinan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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1H-NMR Based Serum Metabolomics Study to Investigate Hepatoprotective Effect of Qin-Jiao on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatotoxicity in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6091589. [PMID: 29234415 PMCID: PMC5687146 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6091589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gentiana macrophylla Radix, commonly known as Qin-Jiao (QJ), was recorded alone to treat jaundice in Compendium of Materia Medica and has been frequently prescribed for treatment of liver disease in China. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present work, QJ of 1,2 g/kg or silybin of 40 mg/kg (positive control) was orally given to rats for 7 days to verify the protective effect on acute liver damage induced by tetrachloride (CCl4). Together with serum biochemistry and histopathological examination, 1H-NMR based metabolomics work was carried out to investigate the efficacy. It turned out that QJ of 2 g/kg exerted comparable protective effect with positive control and partially recovered disturbed metabolism by CCl4. Multivariate analysis was conducted and metabolites altered significantly among groups were assigned and discussed, including betaine, glucose, lactate, creatine, and LDL/VLDL. Metabolic regulations involved in QJ or silybin treatment were as follows: tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, synthesis of LDL/VLDL, and gluconeogenesis were enhanced, while betaine metabolism, glycolysis, creatine metabolism, synthesis of ketone bodies, amino acids metabolism, and β-oxidation of fatty acids were suppressed. For the first time hepatoprotective effect of QJ on acute liver damage was revealed by 1H-NMR based metabolomics, prompting understanding of the underlying mechanism.
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Xu C, Rezeng C, Li J, Zhang L, Yan Y, Gao J, Wang Y, Li Z, Chen J. 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Study of the Toxicological Effects in Rats Induced by "Renqing Mangjue" Pill, a Traditional Tibetan Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:602. [PMID: 28928660 PMCID: PMC5591455 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
“RenqingMangjue” pill (RMP), as an effective prescription of Traditional Tibetan Medicine (TTM), has been widely used in treating digestive diseases and ulcerative colitis for over a thousand years. In certain classical Tibetan Medicine, heavy metal may add as an active ingredient, but it may cause contamination unintentionally in some cases. Therefore, the toxicity and adverse effects of TTM became to draw public attention. In this study, 48 male Wistar rats were orally administrated with different dosages of RMP once a day for 15 consecutive days, then half of the rats were euthanized on the 15th day and the remaining were euthanized on the 30th day. Plasma, kidney and liver samples were acquired to 1H NMR metabolomics analysis. Histopathology and ICP-MS were applied to support the metabolomics findings. The metabolic signature of plasma from RMP-administrated rats exhibited increasing levels of glucose, betaine, and creatine, together with decreasing levels of lipids, 3-hydroxybutate, pyruvate, citrate, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamate, and glutamine. The metabolomics analysis results of liver showed that after RMP administration, the concentrations of valine, leucine, proline, tyrosine, and tryptophan elevated, while glucose, sarcosine and 3-hydroxybutyrate decreased. The levels of metabolites in kidney, such as, leucine, valine, isoleucine and tyrosine, were increased, while taurine, glutamate, and glutamine decreased. The study provides several potential biomarkers for the toxicity mechanism research of RMP and shows that RMP may cause injury in kidney and liver and disturbance of several pathways, such as energy metabolism, oxidative stress, glucose and amino acids metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Caidan Rezeng
- Research Center of Chinese and Tibetan Medicine, Medicine College of Qinghai UniversityXining, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yujing Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zhongfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
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Wang Z, Hwang SH, Kim JH, Lim SS. Anti-Obesity Effect of the Above-Ground Part of Valeriana dageletiana Nakai ex F. Maek Extract in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6N Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070689. [PMID: 28671595 PMCID: PMC5537804 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Valeriana dageletiana Nakai ex F. Maek (VD) has been used as traditional medicine for the treatment of restlessness and sleeping disorders. However, it is still unclear whether obesity in mice can be altered by diet supplementation with VD. In this study, we first investigated the influences of VD on the accumulation of lipid content in 3T3-L1 cells; and the results showed that the above-ground VD extracts (VDAE) suppressed the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Thus, the effects of VDAE on preventing obesity were then studied in the C57BL/6N mice for 10 weeks (n = 6): normal-fat diet, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with 1% (10 g/kg) Garcinia combogia extract (positive control), and HFD supplemented with 1% (10 g/kg) VDAE. The results showed that VDAE reduced food efficiency ratio, body weight, epididymal adipose and hepatic tissue weight, hepatic lipid metabolites, and triacylglycerol and cholesterol serum levels compared to the high-fat diet group. Moreover, VD significantly inhibited the expression of adipogenic genes, such as PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, and aP2, and lipogenic genes, such as SREBP-1c, FAS, SCD-1, and CD36, in epididymal adipose tissue and hepatic tissue. These findings indicate anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic effects of VDAE and suggest that it could be a potent functional food ingredient for the prevention of high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Seung Hwan Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
- Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
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Gao J, Qin XJ, Jiang H, Chen JF, Wang T, Zhang T, Xu SZ, Song JM. Detecting serum and urine metabolic profile changes of CCl 4-liver fibrosis in rats at 12 weeks based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1496-1504. [PMID: 28810615 PMCID: PMC5525970 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by liver injury induced by a number of chronic liver diseases, including schistosome infection, hepatitis infection, metabolic disease, alcoholism and cholestasis. The tissue damage occurring after injury or inflammation of the liver is a reversible lesion; however, liver fibrosis has become a worldwide problem and poses a threat to human health. The development of an effective drug for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis is ongoing and uses information from different occurrences of liver fibrosis. In the present study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced metabonomic changes in serum and urine at 12 weeks were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to investigate potential biomarkers. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by subcutaneous injections of CCl4 twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Histopathological changes were used to assess the successful production of a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model. Serum and urine samples from the two groups were collected at 12 weeks. The metabolic profile changes were analyzed by GC/MS alongside principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures. Metabolic profile studies indicated that the clustering of the two groups could be separated and seven metabolites in serum and five metabolites in urine were identified. In serum, the metabolites identified included isoleucine, L-malic acid, α-copper, carnitine, hippuric acid, glutaric acid and glucose. In urine 2-hydroxy butyric acid, isoleucine, N-acetyl-β-alanine, cytidine and corticoid were identified. The present study demonstrated that the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis may be associated with the dysfunction of a number of metabolic pathways, including glucose, amino acid, P450, fatty acid, nucleic acid, water-electrolyte and glutathione biosynthesis. Assessing potential biomarkers may therefore provide novel targets and theories for the innovation of novel drugs to prevent and cure liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Mei Song
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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Jiang H, Song JM, Gao PF, Qin XJ, Xu SZ, Zhang JF. Metabolic characterization of the early stage of hepatic fibrosis in rat using GC-TOF/MS and multivariate data analyses. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 27859443 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy; The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine; Hefei China
- College of Basic Medicine; Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Jun-mei Song
- Department of Pharmacy; The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine; Hefei China
| | - Peng-fei Gao
- College of Pharmacy; Dali University; Dali China
| | - Xiu-juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy; The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine; Hefei China
| | - Shuang-zhi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy; The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine; Hefei China
| | - Jia-fu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy; The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine; Hefei China
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Wang Z, Kim JH, Jang YS, Kim CH, Lee JY, Lim SS. Anti-obesity effect of Solidago virgaurea var. gigantea extract through regulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis pathways in high-fat diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6N). Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1273479. [PMID: 28326002 PMCID: PMC5345588 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2016.1273479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with an increase in adipogenesis and is becoming a serious health problem in modern society. Objective: The effects of various Solidago virgaurea var. gigantean (SV) ethanolic aqueous extracts on anti-adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells were investigated. In addition, the effect of SV 10% ethanolic extract (SV10E) on preventing obesity was studied in high-fat diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6 N). Design: The effect of SV10E on preventing obesity was studied in mice (n = 6): normal-fat diet, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with 1% (10 g/kg) Garcinia cambogia extract of 60% (–)-hydroxycitric acid (positive control), HFD supplemented with 0.5% (5 g/kg) SV10E, and HFD supplemented with 2% (20 g/kg) SV10E. Results: SV10E showed the highest anti-adipogenic activity in vitro and reduced body weight gain, adipose tissue size, and liver weight, without affecting food intake in vivo. SV10E administration decreased the levels of total triacylglycerol and cholesterol in serum, and lipid metabolites in liver. Adipogenic and lipogenic genes such as PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, aP2, FAS, SCD-1, SREBP-1c, and CD36 in white adipose tissue and liver were suppressed by SV10E administration. Conclusion: SV10E can be a potent functional food ingredient for preventing HFD-induced obesity by suppressing adipogenesis and lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Jang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Chea Ha Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University , Chuncheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, Republic of Korea
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Xing J, Sun HM, Jia JP, Qin XM, Li ZY. Integrative hepatoprotective efficacy comparison of raw and vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri using nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:215-222. [PMID: 28219798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Radix Bupleuri (RB), with a Chinese name Chaihu, is one of the most popular Traditional Chinese herbal drug. It can be baked with vinegar to afford vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri (VBRB), which is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for liver diseases treatment. In the present study, nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic approach was used to compare the liver protective effect of RB and two types of VBRBs, which were prepared by two kinds of vinegar. The contents of 14 metabolites in the liver of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treated mice were significantly altered in comparison with control group, and VBRB prepared by Shanxi vinegar showed best effect as revealed by the amount and regulatory degree of the perturbed metabolites. The metabolism pathways analysis showed that the liver protective effect was related with the energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, ketone body metabolism, glutathione metabolism, amino acids metabolism and nucleotide synthesis. The results presented here showed that metabolomic approach made it possible to disclose the subtle biological difference between two types of VBRB, which highlight the potential of metabolomic approach to quantitatively compare the pharmacological effect of the herbal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xing
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road 92, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Sun
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ping Jia
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Kim CH, Lee JM, Jang YS, Jeon JH, Lim SS, Kim SC, Kim J, Park JB, Lee JY. Anti-obesity effect of Solidago virgaaurea extract in high-fat diet-fed SD rat. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1254110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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36
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Ramm S, Limbeck E, Mally A. Functional and cellular consequences of covalent target protein modification by furan in rat liver. Toxicology 2016; 361-362:49-61. [PMID: 27402187 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Furan hepatotoxicity is thought to be linked to covalent binding of its reactive metabolite, cis-2-butene-1,4-dial, to hepatic proteins critical for cell homeostasis and survival. We previously identified 61 putative furan target proteins, which participate in various cellular processes including carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, protein folding and maintenance of redox homeostasis. To further investigate the biological significance of target protein modification, this study was designed to determine the impact of furan on the activity of key target enzymes involved in glycolysis, β-oxidation, ATP synthesis, and redox regulation in rat liver, and to link these functional changes to alterations in cellular processes. While cis-2-butene-1,4-dial inhibited thioredoxin 1 (Txn1) in a cell-free assay, in livers of rats treated with a single high dose of furan Txn1 activity was markedly increased due to rapid up-regulation of Txn1 mRNA expression. Significant inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and metabolic changes consistent with blocked glycolytic breakdown of glucose were observed in rat liver in response to a single high dose of furan. In contrast, furan treatment resulted in increased activity of enoyl-CoA hydratase and enhanced production of ketone bodies, indicative of increased utilization of fatty acids as energy source. Consistent with changes in TCA cycle metabolites, furan treatment resulted in a reduction of succinate dehydrogenase activity, supporting mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical event in furan toxicity. No significant changes in target protein function were observed following repeated administration of furan at lower dose (0.1 and 0.5mg/kg bw for 4 weeks) closer to estimated human exposure to furan via food. Although the relative contribution of furan mediated alterations in metabolic pathways and antioxidant defense to the overall toxic response to furan, including considerations of dose and time, remains to be established, our work contributes to mapping biological processes and toxicity pathways modulated by reactive electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Ramm
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Limbeck
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
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Yang CH, Ting WJ, Shen CY, Hsu HH, Lin YM, Kuo CH, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Tsai Y, Huang CY. Anti-apoptotic effect of San Huang Shel Shin Tang cyclodextrin complex (SHSSTc) on CCl4 -induced hepatotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:663-670. [PMID: 25447754 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic loading is heavier in liver especially when injured or inflammation. San Huang Shel Shin Tang (SHSST) was an old traditional herbal decoction, which composed with Rheum officinale Baill, Scutellaria baicalnsis Geprgi and Coptis chinensis Franch (1:1:2 in weight), can provide a liver protection effects. We used a beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) drug modification method in reduce of the necessary dose of the SHSST. As the results, the FAS-FADD expressions leaded apoptosis in CCl4 intraperitoneal (IP) injection induced acute liver injury in rats. Silymarin, baicalein, SHSST, and SHSST β-CD complex (SHSSTc) pretreatments protected liver through the decreasing of the expressions of FAS-FADD and downstream caspase-3 and caspase-8. Particularly, SHSSTc (30 mg/kg day) treatment enhanced cell survival pathway activation through the PI3K, Akt and Bad phosphorylation. Compared with SHSST as well as silymarin and baicalein, SHSSTc provided a magnificent liver protection effect, especially in survival pathway activation/TUNEL-apoptotic cell reduction/serum cholesterol level suppression. All these data suggested that β-CD complex modified the SHSST and promoted the bioavailability and liver protection effects. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 663-670, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Ting
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- Departmen of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuhsin Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hu M, Li S, Menon S, Liu B, Hu MS, Longaker MT, Lorenz HP. Expansion and Hepatic Differentiation of Adult Blood-Derived CD34+ Progenitor Cells and Promotion of Liver Regeneration After Acute Injury. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:723-32. [PMID: 27075766 PMCID: PMC4878335 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A new group of blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells (BDPCs) with the ability to expand and differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells and promote liver regeneration is reported. With their ease of access, application through the peripheral blood, and the capability of rapid expansion and hepatic differentiation, BDPCs have great potential as a cell-based therapy for liver disease. The low availability of functional hepatocytes has been an unmet demand for basic scientific research, new drug development, and cell-based clinical applications for decades. Because of the inability to expand hepatocytes in vitro, alternative sources of hepatocytes are a focus of liver regenerative medicine. We report a new group of blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells (BDPCs) that have the ability to expand and differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells and promote liver regeneration. BDPCs were obtained from the peripheral blood of an adult mouse with expression of surface markers CD34, CD45, Sca-1, c-kit, and Thy1.1. BDPCs can proliferate in vitro and differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells expressing hepatocyte markers, including CK8, CK18, CK19, α-fetoprotein, integrin-β1, and A6. The differentiated BDPCs (dBDPCs) also display liver-specific functional activities, such as glycogen storage, urea production, and albumin secretion. dBDPCs have cytochrome P450 activity and express specific hepatic transcription factors, such as hepatic nuclear factor 1α. To demonstrate liver regenerative activity, dBDPCs were injected into mice with severe acute liver damage caused by a high-dose injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). dBDPC treatment rescued the mice from severe acute liver injury, increased survival, and induced liver regeneration. Because of their ease of access and application through peripheral blood and their capability of rapid expansion and hepatic differentiation, BDPCs have great potential as a cell-based therapy for liver disease. Significance Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell expansion and tissue-specific differentiation in vitro are challenges in regenerative medicine, although stem cell therapy has raised hope for the treatment of liver diseases by overcoming the scarcity of hepatocytes. This study identified and characterized a group of blood-derived progenitor cells (BDPCs) from the peripheral blood of an adult mouse. The CD34+ progenitor-dominant BDPCs were rapidly expanded and hepatically differentiated into functional hepatocyte-like cells with our established coculture system. BDPC treatment increased animal survival and produced full regeneration in a severe liver injury mouse model caused by CCl4. BDPCs could have potential for liver cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shaowei Li
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Siddharth Menon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael S Hu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - H Peter Lorenz
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Kim GW, Oh CH, Kim JC, Yoon W, Jeong YY, Kim YH, Kim JK, Park JG, Kang HK, Jeong GW. Noninvasive biomarkers for acute hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol: hyperpolarized 13C dynamic MR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 34:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jin Y, Cai H, Lin Y, Cui X, Chen Z. Usage of the ultrafast intermolecular single-quantum coherence (UF iSQC) sequence for NMR spectroscopy of ex vivo tissue. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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YANG CHENGHSUN, TING WEIJEN, SHEN CHIAYAO, HSU HISHSIEN, LIN YUEHMIN, CHANG SHENGHUANG, TSAI FUUJEN, PADMA VISWANADHAVIJAYA, HUANG CHIHYANG, TSAI YUHSIN. SHSST-cyclodextrin complex inhibits TGF-β/Smad3/CTGF to a greater extent than silymarin in a rat model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6053-9. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Wang H, Su G, Chen G, Bai J, Pei Y. 1H NMR-based metabonomics of the protective effect of Curcuma longa and curcumin on cinnabar-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Li ZY, Sun HM, Xing J, Qin XM, Du GH. Chemical and biological comparison of raw and vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 165:20-28. [PMID: 25701749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Bupleuri (RB) is a commonly used herbal drug in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and it can be baked with vinegar to afford vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri (VBRB), which is used in TCM for liver diseases treatment. In this study, the chemical compositions and biological effects between raw and two processed RBs by different vinegars were systematically compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical compositions of raw and two processed RBs were analyzed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis. Two different extraction procedures were used, including direct extraction and liquid-liquid partition. Then HPLC was applied to determine the changes of saikosaponin contents. In addition, their liver protective effects against CCl4 induced liver injury were also investigated, and the biochemical parameters and histopathology were measured after treatment of mice with raw RB and two processed RBs (5 g/kg/day) for 14 days. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed clear differences between the raw and the two processed RBs, and the vinegar-baking process induced elevated contents of ssb1, ssb2, acetic acid, malic acid, citric acid, 5-HMF, and ligustrazine, as well as the decreased contents of ssa, ssd, sucrose, glycine, succinic acid etc. In addition, both raw and processed RBs showed liver protective effects against CCl4 induced liver injury, and the vinegar-baked RBs showed better effects than that of raw RB. CONCLUSIONS The raw and vinegar-baked RBs differed not only in the chemical compositions but also in the pharmacological effects. And two processed RBs also showed chemical differences, suggesting that the type of vinegar had an important effect on vinegar baking. In order to ensure the therapeutic effect and safety of TCM, the effect of different vinegars on processing of herbal drugs should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Sun
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Jie Xing
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China.
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People׳s Republic of China; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, People׳s Republic of China.
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Li J, Zhu SF, Zhao XL, Liu YX, Wan MH, Guo H, Liu YL, Gong HL, Chen GY, Tang WF. Metabolomic profiles illuminate the efficacy of Chinese herbal Da-Cheng-Qi decoction on acute pancreatitis in rats. Pancreatology 2015; 15:337-43. [PMID: 26048200 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chinese herbal drug Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) has been widely used for decades to treat acute pancreatitis (AP). Previous trials are mostly designed to state the potential mechanisms of the therapeutic effects rather than to detect its whole effect on metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of DCQD on metabolism in AP. METHODS Twenty-two male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups. AP was induced by retrograde ductal infusion of 3.5% sodium taurocholate solution in DCQD and AP group, while 0.9% saline solution was used in sham operation (SO) group. Blood samples were obtained 12 h after drug administration and a 600 MHz superconducting Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer was used to detected plasma metabolites. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis after Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC-PLS-DA) were applied to analyze the Longitudinal Eddy-delay (LED) and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) spectra. RESULTS Differences in concentrations of metabolites among the three groups were detected by OSC-PLS-DA of 1HNMR spectra (both LED and CPMG). Compared with SO group, DCQD group had higher levels of plasma glycerol, glutamic acid, low density lipoprotein (LDL), saturated fatty acid (FA) and lower levels of alanine and glutamine, while the metabolic changes were reversed in the AP group. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that DCQD was capable of altering the changed concentrations of metabolites in rats with AP and 1HNMR-based metabolomic approach provided a new methodological cue for systematically investigating the efficacies and mechanisms of DCQD in treating AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shi-Feng Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xian-Lin Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi-Xia Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China; China Tibetology Research Center, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Hua Wan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi-Ling Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Han-Lin Gong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Chen
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wen-Fu Tang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Lin CY, Huang FP, Ling YS, Liang HJ, Lee SH, Hu MY, Tsao PN. Use of nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics to characterize the biochemical effects of naphthalene on various organs of tolerant mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120429. [PMID: 25849086 PMCID: PMC4388704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene, the most common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, causes airway epithelium injury in mice. Repeated exposure of mice to naphthalene induces airway epithelia that are resistant to further injury. Previous studies revealed that alterations in bioactivation enzymes and increased levels of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase in the bronchioles protect tolerant mice from naphthalene and its reactive metabolites. In our current study, tolerance was induced in male ICR mice using a total of 7 daily intraperitoneal injections of naphthalene (200 mg/kg). Both naphthalene-tolerant and non-tolerant mice were challenged with a dose of 300 mg/kg naphthalene on day 8 to investigate metabolite differences. The lungs, liver, and kidneys were collected for histopathology 24 h after the challenge dose. Bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and both hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts from each organ were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. The histological results showed no observable injuries to the airway epithelium of naphthalene-tolerant mice when compared with the control. In contrast, airway injuries were observed in mice given a single challenge dose (injury mice). The metabolomics analysis revealed that the energy metabolism in the lungs of tolerant and injury mice was significantly perturbed. However, antioxidant metabolites, such as glutathione and succinate, were significantly increased in the lungs of tolerant mice, suggesting a role for these compounds in the protection of organs from naphthalene-induced electrophilic metabolites and free radicals. Damage to the airway cellular membrane, as shown by histopathological results and increased acetone in the BALF and perturbation of hydrophobic lung extracts, including cholesterol, phosphorylcholine-containing lipids, and fatty acyl chains, were observed in injury mice. Consistent with our histopathological results, fewer metabolic effects were observed in the liver and kidney of mice after naphthalene treatments. In conclusion, NMR-based metabolomics reveals possible mechanisms of naphthalene tolerance and naphthalene-induced toxicity in the respiratory system of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Feng-Peng Huang
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yee Soon Ling
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yun Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Po-Nien Tsao
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Miao Z, Jin M, Liu X, Guo W, Jin X, Liu H, Wang Y. The application of HPLC and microprobe NMR spectroscopy in the identification of metabolites in complex biological matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:3405-16. [PMID: 25814271 PMCID: PMC4392169 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics can be used directly to identify a variety of metabolites in biological fluids and tissues. Metabolite analysis is an important part of life science and metabolomics research. However, the identification of some metabolites using NMR spectroscopy remains a big challenge owing to low abundance or signal overlap. It is important to develop a method to measure these compounds accurately. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, metabolite prediction software packages, and spike-in experiments with authentic standards are often used to solve these problems, but they are costly and time-consuming. In this study, methods were developed to identify metabolites in complex biological mixtures using both high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and off-line microprobe NMR spectroscopy. With use of these methods, 83 and 73 metabolites were identified in Sprague Dawley rat urine and feces, respectively. Among them, 40 and 45 metabolites, respectively, could not be identified with traditional NMR methods. Our research revealed that the combination of HPLC and NMR techniques could significantly improve the accuracy of trace and overlapped metabolite identification, while offering an effective and convenient approach to identify potential biomarkers in complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Yang Y, Han Z, Wang Y, Wang L, Pan S, Liang S, Wang S. Plasma metabonomic analysis reveals the effects of salvianic acid on alleviating acute alcoholic liver damage. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00823a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analysed acute alcohol-induced metabolic changes and explored the metabolic regulation mechanism of SA treatment by using 1H NMR-based metabonomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Yang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Han
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yaling Wang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Linlin Wang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Sina Pan
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Shengwang Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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48
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Metabolomic analysis of amino acid and fat metabolism in rats with l-tryptophan supplementation. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2681-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Development of blood biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury: an evaluation of their potential for risk assessment and diagnostics. Mol Diagn Ther 2014; 17:343-54. [PMID: 23868512 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-013-0049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a rare but serious complication in drug therapy that is a primary cause of drug failure during clinical trials. Conventional biomarkers, particularly the serum transaminases and bilirubin, serve as useful indicators of hepatocellular or cholestatic liver injury, respectively, but only after substantial and sometimes irreversible tissue damage. Ideally, more sensitive biomarkers that respond very early before irreversible injury has occurred would offer improved outcomes. Novel biomarkers are initially being developed in animal models exposed to intrinsically hepatotoxic stimuli. However, the eventual translation to human populations, even those with known risk factors that predispose the liver to drug toxicity, would be the fundamental goal. Ultimately, some might even be applicable for the early identification of individuals predisposed to idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity potential. This article reviews recent progress in the discovery and qualification of novel biomarkers for DILI and delineates the path to eventual utilization for risk assessment. Some major categories of plasma or serum biomarkers surveyed include proteins, cytokines, circulating mRNAs, and microRNAs.
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50
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Metabolomic analysis of amino acid and energy metabolism in rats supplemented with chlorogenic acid. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2219-29. [PMID: 24927697 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1762-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) supplementation on serum and hepatic metabolomes in rats. Rats received daily intragastric administration of either CGA (60 mg/kg body weight) or distilled water (control) for 4 weeks. Growth performance, serum biochemical profiles, and hepatic morphology were measured. Additionally, serum and liver tissue extracts were analyzed for metabolomes by high-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics and multivariate statistics. CGA did not affect rat growth performance, serum biochemical profiles, or hepatic morphology. However, supplementation with CGA decreased serum concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, succinate, citrate, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, while increasing serum concentrations of glycine and hepatic concentrations of glutathione. These results suggest that CGA supplementation results in perturbation of energy and amino acid metabolism in rats. We suggest that glycine and glutathione in serum may be useful biomarkers for biological properties of CGA on nitrogen metabolism in vivo.
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