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Terenziani R, Zoppi S, Fumarola C, Alfieri R, Bonelli M. Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2793. [PMID: 34199722 PMCID: PMC8200040 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignant disease affecting the mesothelium, commonly associated to asbestos exposure. The current therapeutic actions, based on cisplatin/pemetrexed treatment, are limited due to the late stage at which most patients are diagnosed and to the intrinsic chemo-resistance of the tumor. Another relevant point is the absence of approved therapies in the second line setting following progression of MPM after chemotherapy. Considering the poor prognosis of the disease and the fact that the incidence of this tumor is expected to increase in the next decade, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In the last few years, several studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of unresectable advanced MPM, and a number of trials with immunotherapeutic agents are ongoing in both first line and second line settings. In this review, we describe the most promising emerging immunotherapy treatments for MPM (ICIs, engineered T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), dendritic cells (DCs) vaccines), focusing on the biological and immunological features of this tumor as well as on the issues surrounding clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.T.); (S.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Mara Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.T.); (S.Z.); (C.F.)
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Lee S, Yamamoto S, Srinivas B, Shimizu Y, Sada N, Yoshitome K, Ito T, Kumagai-Takei N, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Increased production of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) by asbestos exposure enhances tissue migration of human regulatory T-like cells. Toxicology 2021; 452:152717. [PMID: 33581214 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of asbestos on immunocompetent cells have been investigated. In particular, attention was paid to regulatory T cell function, which was observed using the HTLV-1 immortalized human polyclonal T cell line MT-2. Exposure to asbestos (approximately more than 25 μg/mL for 1-3 day) induced apoptosis, and we observed an increase in regulatory T cell function and acceleration of the cell cycle with continuous exposure to low concentrations of asbestos (5-10 μg/mL for more than eight months). Furthermore, cDNA microarray analysis in this study revealed that expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was markedly higher in exposed sublines compared to original MT-2 cells. It was determined that MMP-7 had no effect on Treg function, as determined by examination of sublines and by addition of recombinant MMP-7 and neutralizing antibodies or inhibitors of MMP-7. However, when examining melting of the extracellular matrix (an MMP-7-mediated event) or the extent to which the MT-2 parent strain or long-term exposed subline cells pass through a fibronectin-coated filter, more filter passes were observed for the subline. These results suggest that the effect of asbestos fibers on Treg cells results in excessive migration of the tumor microenvironment through hypersecretion of MMP-7 together with an increase in suppressive function and enhancement of cell cycle progression. Therefore, one possible way to prevent the development of asbestos-induced cancer is to reduce the function (including MMP-7 production) or amount of Treg cells by physiologically active substances or food ingredients. Alternatively, it may be possible to invoke immune checkpoint treatments when carcinogenesis occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Bandaru Srinivas
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Yurika Shimizu
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan; Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan; Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Ito
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
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Yamamoto S, Lee S, Ariyasu T, Endo S, Miyata S, Yasuda A, Harashima A, Ohta T, Kumagai-Τakei N, Ito T, Shimizu Y, Srinivas B, Sada N, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Ingredients such as trehalose and hesperidin taken as supplements or foods reverse alterations in human T cells, reducing asbestos exposure-induced antitumor immunity. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:2. [PMID: 33655329 PMCID: PMC7891817 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of human immune cells to asbestos causes a reduction in antitumor immunity. The present study aimed to investigate the recovery of reduced antitumor immunity by several ingredients taken as supplements or foods, including trehalose (Treh) and glycosylated hesperidin (gHesp). Peripheral blood CD4+ cells were stimulated with IL-2, anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 3 days, followed by further stimulation with IL-2 for 7 days. Subsequently, cells were stimulated with IL-2 for an additional 28 days. During the 28 days, cells were cultured in the absence or presence of 50 μg/ml chrysotile asbestos fibers. In addition, cells were treated with 10 mM Treh or 10 μM gHesp. Following culture for 28 days, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to assess the expression levels of transcription factors, cytokines and specific genes, including matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3, in unstimulated cells (fresh) and cells stimulated with PMA and ionomycin (stimuli). The results demonstrated that compared with the control group, chrysotile-exposure induced alterations in MMP-7, NNT and IL-17A expression levels were not observed in the 'Treh' and 'gHesp' groups in stimulated cells. The results suggested that Treh and gHesp may reverse asbestos exposure-induced reduced antitumor immunity in T helper cells. However, further investigation is required to confirm the efficacy of future trials involving the use of these compounds with high-risk human populations exposed to asbestos, such as workers involved in asbestos-handling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ariyasu
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Shin Endo
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Satomi Miyata
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Akiko Yasuda
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Akira Harashima
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Tsunetaka Ohta
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Τakei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ito
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yurika Shimizu
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0867, Japan
| | - Bandaru Srinivas
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
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Vardaka P, Lozano T, Bot C, Ellery J, Whiteside SK, Imianowski CJ, Farrow S, Walker S, Okkenhaug H, Yang J, Okkenhaug K, Kuo P, Roychoudhuri R. A cell-based bioluminescence assay reveals dose-dependent and contextual repression of AP-1-driven gene expression by BACH2. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18902. [PMID: 33144667 PMCID: PMC7641119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells promote immune activation and can drive clearance of infections and cancer, CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress their function, contributing to both immune homeostasis and cancer immunosuppression. The transcription factor BACH2 functions as a pervasive regulator of T cell differentiation, promoting development of CD4+ Treg cells and suppressing the effector functions of multiple effector T cell (Teff) lineages. Here, we report the development of a stable cell-based bioluminescence assay of the transcription factor activity of BACH2. Tetracycline-inducible BACH2 expression resulted in suppression of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin-driven activation of a luciferase reporter containing BACH2/AP-1 target sequences from the mouse Ifng + 18k enhancer. BACH2 expression repressed the luciferase signal in a dose-dependent manner but this activity was abolished at high levels of AP-1 signalling, suggesting contextual regulation of AP-1 driven gene expression by BACH2. Finally, using the reporter assay developed, we find that the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-selective inhibitor, RGFP966, inhibits BACH2-mediated repression of signal-driven luciferase expression. In addition to enabling mechanistic studies, this cell-based reporter may enable identification of small molecule agonists or antagonists of BACH2 function for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Vardaka
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Christopher Bot
- CRUK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jonathan Ellery
- CRUK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Sarah K Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Charlotte J Imianowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Stuart Farrow
- CRUK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Simon Walker
- Imaging Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Jie Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Paula Kuo
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Rahul Roychoudhuri
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
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The Effects of Asbestos Fibers on Human T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196987. [PMID: 32977478 PMCID: PMC7584019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Asbestos exposure causes malignant tumors such as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. The effects of asbestos fibers on immunocompetent cells, however, have not been well studied. Asbestos physically comprises a fibrous substance, which differs from silica particles which are a particulate substance, although chemically it is a mineral silicate. Since silicosis patients previously exposed to silica particles often suffer from lung and autoimmune diseases, it is clear that silica exposure impairs immune tolerance. Similarly, asbestos may alter the immune system in asbestos-exposed individuals. Given that malignant tumors can result following exposure to asbestos, the attenuation of anti-tumor immunity in cases of asbestos exposure is an important area of investigation. We observed the effect of asbestos fibers on T lymphocytes, such as CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), CD4+ helper T (Th), and regulatory T (Treg) cells, and showed that anti-tumor immunity was attenuated, as demonstrated in a system that stimulates fresh cells isolated from peripheral blood in vitro and a system that is continuously exposed to a cell line. In this manuscript, we introduce the experiments and results of studies on CTLs, as well as Th and Treg cells, and discuss how future changes in immunocompetent cells induced by asbestos fibers can be clinically linked.
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Yamamoto S, Lee S, Matsuzaki H, Kumagai-Takei N, Yoshitome K, Sada N, Shimizu Y, Ito T, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Enhanced expression of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) and its role in a human T cell line continuously exposed to asbestos. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105654. [PMID: 32187573 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of asbestos fibers on human immune cells have not been well documented. We have developed a continuously exposed cell line model using the human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)-immortalized human T cell line MT-2. Sublines continuously exposed to chrysotile (CH) or crocidolite (CR) showed acquired resistance to asbestos-induced apoptosis following transient and high-dose re-exposure with fibers. These sublines in addition to other immune cells such as natural killer cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes exposed to asbestos showed a reduction in anti-tumor immunity. In this study, the expression of genes and molecules related to antioxidative stress was examined. Furthermore, complexes related to oxidative phosphorylation were investigated since the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important when considering the effects of asbestos in carcinogenesis and the mechanisms involved in resistance to asbestos-induced apoptosis. In sublines continuously exposed to CH or CR, the expression of thioredoxin decreased. Interestingly, nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) expression was markedly enhanced. Thus, knockdown of NNT was then performed. Although the knockdown clones did not show any changes in proliferation or occurrence of apoptosis, these clones showed recovery of ROS production with returning NADPH/NADP+ ratio that increased with decreased production of ROS in continuously exposed sublines. These results indicated that NNT is a key factor in preventing ROS-induced cytotoxicity in T cells continuously exposed to asbestos. Considering that these sublines showed a reduction in anti-tumor immunity, modification of NNT may contribute to recovery of the anti-tumor effects in asbestos-exposed T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan; Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yurika Shimizu
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tastsuo Ito
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan.
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Zhang L, Hao C, Zhai R, Wang D, Zhang J, Bao L, Li Y, Yao W. Downregulation of exosomal let-7a-5p in dust exposed- workers contributes to lung cancer development. Respir Res 2018; 19:235. [PMID: 30497474 PMCID: PMC6267915 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0949-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Either chronic or acute exposure to dust particles may lead to pneumoconiosis and lung cancer, and lung cancer mortality among patients diagnosed with pneumoconiosis is increasing. Utilizing genome-wide sequencing technology, this study aimed to identify methods to decrease the number of patients with pneumoconiosis who die from lung cancer. METHODS One hundred fifty-four subjects were recruited, including 54 pneumoconiosis patients and 100 healthy controls. Exosomes were isolated from the venous blood of every subject. Distinctive miRNAs were identified using high throughput sequencing technology, and bioinformatics analysis predicted target genes involved in lung cancer as well as their corresponding biological functions. Moreover, cross-cancer alterations of genes related to lung cancer were investigated, and survival analysis was performed using 2437 samples with an average follow-up period of 49 months. RESULTS Let-7a-5p was revealed to be downregulated by 21.67% in pneumoconiosis. Out of the 683 let-7a-5p target genes identified from bioinformatics analysis, four genes related to five signaling pathways were confirmed to be involved in lung cancer development. Alterations in these four target genes were then explored in 4105 lung cancer patients, and BCL2L1 and IGF1R were demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed. Survival analysis further revealed that high expression of BCL2L1 corresponded to reduced survival of lung cancer patients (HR (95%CI) = 1.75(1.33~2.30)), while patient survival time was unaffected by expression of IGF1R (HR (95%CI) = 1.15 (0.98~1.36)). CONCLUSIONS In patients with lung adenocarcinoma, simultaneous downregulation of exosomal let-7a-5p and elevated expression of BCL2L1 are useful as predictive biomarkers for poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Healthy Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261024 China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Ruonan Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
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Huaux F. Emerging Role of Immunosuppression in Diseases Induced by Micro- and Nano-Particles: Time to Revisit the Exclusive Inflammatory Scenario. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2364. [PMID: 30510551 PMCID: PMC6252316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmunity developing upon particle exposure have been exclusively linked with uncontrolled inflammatory processes. The critical role of inflammation is now challenged by several contradictory observations indicating that the emergence of these chronic disorders may result from non-inflammatory events. A growing number of studies reveals that micro- and nano-particles can cause exaggerated and persistent immunosuppression characterized by the release of potent anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), and the recruitment of major regulatory immune cells (M2 macrophages, T and B regs, and MDSC). This persistent immunosuppressive environment is initially established to limit early inflammation but contributes later to fibrosis, cancer, and infection. Immunosuppression promotes fibroblast proliferation and matrix element synthesis and subverts innate and adaptive immune surveillance against tumor cells and microorganisms. This review details the contribution of immunosuppressive cells and their derived immunoregulatory mediators and delineates the mutual role of inflammatory vs. immunosuppressive mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases induced by particles. The consideration of these new results explains how particle-related diseases can develop independently of chronic inflammation, enriches current bioassays predicting particle toxicity and suggests new clinical strategies for treating patients affected by particle-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Huaux
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Kumagai-Takei N, Yamamoto S, Lee S, Maeda M, Masuzzaki H, Sada N, Yu M, Yoshitome K, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Inflammatory Alteration of Human T Cells Exposed Continuously to Asbestos. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E504. [PMID: 29419731 PMCID: PMC5855726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asbestos is a known carcinogen and exposure can lead to lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. To examine the effects of asbestos fibers on human immune cells, the human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV)-1 immortalized human T cell line MT-2 was employed. Following continuous exposure to asbestos fibers for more than eight months, MT-2 sublines showed acquisition of resistance to asbestos-induced apoptosis with decreased death signals and increased surviving signals. These sublines showed various characteristics that suggested a reduction in anti-tumor immunity. On the other hand, inflammatory changes such as expression of MMP7, CXCR5, CXCL13 and CD44 was found to be markedly higher in sublines continuously exposed to asbestos compared with original MT-2 cells. All of these molecules contribute to lung inflammation, T and B cell interactions and connections between mesothelial cells and T cells. Thus, further investigation focusing on these molecules may shed light on the role of chronic inflammation caused by asbestos exposure and the occurrence of malignant mesothelioma. Finally, regarding peripheral T cells from healthy donors (HD) and asbestos-exposed patients with pleural plaque (PP) or malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), following stimulation of CD4+ T cells, T cells from MPM patients showed reduced potential of interferon (IFN)-γ expression. Moreover, levels of interleukin (IL)-6, one of the most important cytokines in chronic inflammation, in cultured supernatants were higher in PP and MPM patients compared with HD. Overall, asbestos-induced chronic inflammation in the lung as well as the pleural cavity may facilitate the onset of asbestos-induced cancers due to alterations in the interactions among fibers, immune cells such as T and B cells and macrophages, and mesothelial and lung epithelial cells. Further investigations regarding chronic inflammation caused by asbestos fibers may assist in identifying molecular targets for preventive and therapeutic strategies related to the effects of asbestos exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Masuzzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang, Academy of Medical Sciences, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Zhejiang 310013, China.
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Masuelli L, Benvenuto M, Mattera R, Di Stefano E, Zago E, Taffera G, Tresoldi I, Giganti MG, Frajese GV, Berardi G, Modesti A, Bei R. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-tumoral Effects of the Flavonoid Apigenin in Malignant Mesothelioma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:373. [PMID: 28674496 PMCID: PMC5474957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a tumor arising from mesothelium. MM patients’ survival is poor. The polyphenol 4′,5,7,-trihydroxyflavone Apigenin (API) is a “multifunctional drug”. Several studies have demonstrated API anti-tumoral effects. However, little is known on the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumoral effects of API in MM. Thus, we analyzed the in vitro effects of API on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, pro-survival signaling pathways, apoptosis, and autophagy of human and mouse MM cells. We evaluated the in vivo anti-tumor activities of API in mice transplanted with MM #40a cells forming ascites. API inhibited in vitro MM cells survival, increased reactive oxygen species intracellular production and induced DNA damage. API activated apoptosis but not autophagy. API-induced apoptosis was sustained by the increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, increase of p53 expression, activation of both caspase 9 and caspase 8, cleavage of PARP-1, and increase of the percentage of cells in subG1 phase. API treatment affected the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPKs in a cell-type specific manner, inhibited AKT phosphorylation, decreased c-Jun expression and phosphorylation, and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation. Intraperitoneal administration of API increased the median survival of C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally transplanted with #40a cells and reduced the risk of tumor growth. Our findings may have important implications for the design of MM treatment using API.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mattera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Zago
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Taffera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tresoldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Giganti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vanni Frajese
- Department of Sports Science, Human and Health, University of Rome "Foro Italico",Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra Berardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
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11
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Matsuzaki H, Kumagai-Takei N, Lee S, Maeda M, Sada N, Hatayama T, Yamamoto S, Ikeda M, Yoshitome K, Min Y, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Search for biomarkers of asbestos exposure and asbestos-induced cancers in investigations of the immunological effects of asbestos. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:53. [PMID: 29165150 PMCID: PMC5664581 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological effects of asbestos exposure on various lymphocytes such as the regulatory T cell (Treg), responder CD4+ T helper cell (Tresp), CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and natural killer (NK) cells were investigated. Results show that asbestos exposure impairs antitumor immunity through enhancement of regulatory T cell function and volume, reduction of CXCR3 chemokine receptor in responder CD4+ T helper cells, and impairment of the killing activities of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and NK cells. These findings were used to explore biological markers associated with asbestos exposure and asbestos-induced cancers and suggested the usefulness of serum/plasma IL-10 and TGF-β, surface CXCR3 expression in Tresp, the secreting potential of IFN-γ in Tresp, intracellular perforin level in CTL, and surface expression NKp46 in NK cells. Although other unexplored cytokines in serum/plasma and molecules in these immunological cells, including Th17, should be investigated by experimental procedures in addition to a comprehensive analysis of screening methods, biomarkers based on immunological alterations may be helpful in clinical situations to screen the high-risk population exposed to asbestos and susceptible to asbestos-related cancers such as mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Miho Ikeda
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yu Min
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.,Department of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Zhejiang, 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.
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12
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Maeda M, Chen Y, Lee S, Kumagai-Takei N, Yoshitome K, Matsuzaki H, Yamamoto S, Hatayama T, Ikeda M, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Induction of IL-17 production from human peripheral blood CD4+ cells by asbestos exposure. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:2024-2032. [PMID: 28498408 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that chronic, recurrent and low-dose exposure to asbestos fibers causes a reduction in antitumor immunity. Investigation of natural killer (NK) cells using an in vitro cell line model and comprising in vitro activation using freshly isolated NK cells co-cultured with chrysotile fibers, as well as NK cells derived from asbestos-exposed patients with pleural plaque (PP) or malignant mesothelioma (MM), revealed decreased expression of NK cell activating receptors such as NKG2D, 2B4 and NKp46. An in vitro differentiation and clonal expansion model for CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) showed reduced cytotoxicity with decreased levels of cytotoxic molecules such as granzyme B and perforin, as well as suppressed proliferation of CTLs. Additionally, analysis of T helper cells showed that surface CXCR3, chemokine receptor, and the productive potential of interferon (IFN)γ were reduced following asbestos exposure in an in vitro cell line model and in peripheral CD4+ cells of asbestos-exposed patients. Moreover, experiments revealed that asbestos exposure enhanced regulatory T cell (Treg) function. This study also focused on CXCR3 expression and the Th-17 cell fraction. Following activation with T-cell receptor and co-culture with various concentrations of chrysotile fibers using freshly isolated CD4+ surface CXCR3 positive and negative fractions, the intracellular expression of CXCR3, IFNγ and IL-17 remained unchanged when co-cultured with chrysotile. However, subsequent re-stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin resulted in enhanced IL-17 production and expression, particularly in CD4+ surface CXCR3 positive cells. These results indicated that the balance and polarization between Treg and Th-17 fractions play an important role with respect to the immunological effects of asbestos and the associated reduction in antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Miho Ikeda
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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13
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14
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Lee S, Matsuzaki H, Maeda M, Yamamoto S, Kumagai-Takei N, Hatayama T, Ikeda M, Yoshitome K, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Accelerated cell cycle progression of human regulatory T cell-like cell line caused by continuous exposure to asbestos fibers. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:66-74. [PMID: 27878235 PMCID: PMC5182008 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos exposure causes malignant tumors such as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. Based on our hypothesis in which continuous exposure to asbestos of immune cells cause reduction of antitumor immunity, the decrease of natural killer cell killing activity with reduction of NKp46 activating receptor expression, inhibition of cytotoxic T cell clonal expansion, reduced CXCR3 chemokine receptor expression and production of interferon-γ production in CD4+ T cells were reported using cell line models, freshly isolated peripheral blood immune cells from health donors as well as asbestos exposed patients such as pleural plaque and mesothelioma. In addition to these findings, regulatory T cells (Treg) showed enhanced function through cell-cell contact and increased secretion of typical soluble factors, interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, in a cell line model using the MT-2 human polyclonal T cells and its sublines exposed continuously to asbestos fibers. Since these sublines showed a remarkable reduction of FoxO1 transcription factor, which regulates various cell cycle regulators in asbestos-exposed sublines, the cell cycle progression in these sublines was examined and compared with that of the original MT-2 cells. Results showed that cyclin D1 expression was markedly enhanced, and various cyclin-dependent kinase-inhibitors were reduced with increased S phases in the sublines. Furthermore, the increase of cyclin D1 expression was regulated by FoxO1. The overall findings indicate that antitumor immunity in asbestos-exposed individuals may be reduced in Treg through changes in the function and volume of Treg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Miho Ikeda
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
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15
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Bonelli MA, Fumarola C, La Monica S, Alfieri R. New therapeutic strategies for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 123:8-18. [PMID: 27431778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignant disease affecting the mesothelium, commonly associated to asbestos exposure. Therapeutic actions are limited due to the late stage at which most patients are diagnosed and the intrinsic chemo-resistance of the tumor. The recommended systemic therapy for MPM is cisplatin/pemetrexed regimen with a mean overall survival of about 12months and a median progression free survival of less than 6months. Considering that the incidence of this tumor is expected to increase in the next decade and that its prognosis is poor, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. For some tumors, such as lung cancer and breast cancer, druggable oncogenic alterations have been identified and targeted therapy is an important option for these patients. For MPM, clinical guidelines do not recommend biological targeted therapy, mainly because of poor target definition or inappropriate trial design. Further studies are required for a full comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis of MPM and for the development of new target agents. This review updates pre-clinical and clinical data on the efficacy of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of mesothelioma. Finally, future perspectives in this deadly disease are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara A Bonelli
- Unit of Experimental Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Claudia Fumarola
- Unit of Experimental Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Silvia La Monica
- Unit of Experimental Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Unit of Experimental Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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16
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Otsuki T, Matsuzaki H, Lee S, Kumagai-Takei N, Yamamoto S, Hatayama T, Yoshitome K, Nishimura Y. Environmental factors and human health: fibrous and particulate substance-induced immunological disorders and construction of a health-promoting living environment. Environ Health Prev Med 2015; 21:71-81. [PMID: 26663174 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-015-0499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various scientific fields covered in the area of hygiene such as environmental medicine, epidemiology, public health and preventive medicine, we are investigating the immunological effects of fibrous and particulate substances in the environment and work surroundings, such as asbestos fibers and silica particles. In addition to these studies, we have attempted to construct health-promoting living conditions. Thus, in this review we will summarize our investigations regarding the (1) immunological effects of asbestos fibers, (2) immunological effects of silica particles, and (3) construction of a health-promoting living environment. This review article summarizes the 2014 Japanese Society for Hygiene (JSH) Award Lecture of the 85th Annual Meeting of the JSH entitled "Environmental health effects: immunological effects of fibrous and particulate matter and establishment of health-promoting environments" presented by the first author of this manuscript, Prof. Otsuki, Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan, the recipient of the 2014 JSH award. The results of our experiments can be summarized as follows: (1) asbestos fibers reduce anti-tumor immunity, (2) silica particles chronically activate responder and regulatory T cells causing an unbalance of these two populations of T helper cells, which may contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders frequently complicating silicosis, and (3) living conditions to enhance natural killer cell activity were developed, which may promote the prevention of cancers and diminish symptoms of virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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