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Yang J, Wang Y, Xia Y, Ren Y, Wang Z, Meng X, Li S, Liu X, Shao J. PFOS Elicits Cytotoxicity in Neuron Through Astrocyte-Derived CaMKII-DLG1 Signaling In Vitro Rat Hippocampal Model. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1226-1238. [PMID: 38393622 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Both epidemiological investigation and animal experiments demonstrated that pre-/postnatal exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) could induce neurodevelopmental disorders. Previous studies showed that astrocyte was involved in PFOS-induced neurotoxicity, while little information is available. In the present study, the role of astrocyte-derived calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-phosphorylated discs large homolog 1 (DLG1) signaling in PFOS eliciting cytotoxicity in neuron was explored with primary cultured hippocampal astrocyte and neuron. The application of PFOS showed a decreased cell viability, synapse length and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) expression, but an increased CaMKII, DLG1 and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) expression in primary cultured astrocyte. With 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-aminohexylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester-9-isopropylpurine (CK59), the CaMKII inhibitor, the disturbed cell viability and molecules induced by PFOS could be alleviated (CREB expression was excluded) in astrocytes. The cytotoxic effect of neuron exposed to astrocyte conditional medium collected from PFOS (PFOS-ACM) pretreated with CK59 was also decreased. These results indicated that PFOS mediated GLT-1 expression through astrocyte-derived CaMKII-DLG signaling, which might be associated with injuries on neurons. The present study gave an insight in further exploration of mechanism in PFOS-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yuyan Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yajie Ren
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shuangyue Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jing Shao
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Mokra K, Kaczmarska I, Bukowska B. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and its selected analogs induce various cell death types in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141664. [PMID: 38485001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The perfluoalkyl substance (PFASs) perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been widely used in industry. However, PFOS is a persistent organic pollutant and has been gradually replaced by its short-chain analogs, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS). PFASs are extremely persistent and are very frequently detected among the general population. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of selected PFASs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the mechanisms of their action. PBMCs were exposed to PFOS, PFBS and PFHxS at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 400 μM for 24 h, they were then tested for viability, apoptosis (changes in cytosolic calcium ions level and caspase-3, -8 and -9 activation), ferroptosis (changes in chelatable iron ions level and lipid peroxidation), and autophagy (LC3-II and Raptor level assay). PFOS exposure decreased cell viability, increased calcium ion level and caspase-8 activation; it also enhanced lipid peroxidation and increased the intracellular pool of chelatable iron ions as well as LC3-II protein content. In contrast, short-chain PFBS and PFHxS induced significant changes in the markers of apoptosis but had no substantial impact on ferroptosis or autophagy markers over a wide range of concentrations. Our results indicate that only PFOS demonstrated pro-ferroptotic and pro-autophagic potential but observed changes occurred at relatively high exposure. A short-chain substitute (PFBS) exhibited strong pro-apoptotic potential at concentrations related to occupational exposure. While the short-chain PFASs strongly affected the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, apoptosis itself was only induced by PFBS via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. It seems that the length of the carbon chain in PFASs appears to determine the cell death mechanisms activated in human PBMCs following exposure. Our findings provide a new insight into the immune toxicity mechanism induced by these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mokra
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Izabela Kaczmarska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
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Sun N, Cui WQ, Min XM, Zhang GM, Liu JZ, Wu HY. A new perspective on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and post-stroke depression. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:2961-2984. [PMID: 37518943 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression, a common complication after stroke, severely affects the recovery and quality of life of patients with stroke. Owing to its complex mechanisms, post-stroke depression treatment remains highly challenging. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is one of the key factors leading to post-stroke depression; however, the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Numerous studies have found that neurotrophic factors, protein kinases and neurotransmitters influence depressive behaviour by modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity. This review further elaborates on the role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in post-stroke depression by summarizing recent research and analysing possible molecular mechanisms. Evidence for the correlation between hippocampal mechanisms and post-stroke depression helps to better understand the pathological process of post-stroke depression and improve its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Man Min
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guang-Ming Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Zheng Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Hong D, Iakoucheva LM. Therapeutic strategies for autism: targeting three levels of the central dogma of molecular biology. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:58. [PMID: 36792602 PMCID: PMC9931756 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has yielded much success in the identification of risk genes for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with many studies implicating loss-of-function (LoF) mutations within these genes. Despite this, no significant clinical advances have been made so far in the development of therapeutics for ASD. Given the role of LoF mutations in ASD etiology, many of the therapeutics in development are designed to rescue the haploinsufficient effect of genes at the transcriptional, translational, and protein levels. This review will discuss the various therapeutic techniques being developed from each level of the central dogma with examples including: CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) and gene replacement at the DNA level, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) at the mRNA level, and small-molecule drugs at the protein level, followed by a review of current delivery methods for these therapeutics. Since central nervous system (CNS) penetrance is of utmost importance for ASD therapeutics, it is especially necessary to evaluate delivery methods that have higher efficiency in crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lilia M Iakoucheva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Brown-Leung JM, Cannon JR. Neurotransmission Targets of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Neurotoxicity: Mechanisms and Potential Implications for Adverse Neurological Outcomes. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1312-1333. [PMID: 35921496 PMCID: PMC10446502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of persistent environmental pollutants that are ubiquitously found in the environment and virtually in all living organisms, including humans. PFAS cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain. Thus, PFAS are a likely risk for neurotoxicity. Studies that measured PFAS levels in the brains of humans, polar bears, and rats have demonstrated that some areas of the brain accumulate greater amounts of PFAS. Moreover, in humans, there is evidence that PFAS exposure is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and an increased cause of death from Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease in elderly populations. Given possible links to neurological disease, critical analyses of possible mechanisms of neurotoxic action are necessary to advance the field. This paper critically reviews studies that investigated potential mechanistic causes for neurotoxicity including (1) a change in neurotransmitter levels, (2) dysfunction of synaptic calcium homeostasis, and (3) alteration of synaptic and neuronal protein expression and function. We found growing evidence that PFAS exposure causes neurotoxicity through the disruption of neurotransmission, particularly the dopamine and glutamate systems, which are implicated in age-related psychiatric illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases. Evaluated research has shown there are highly reproduced increased glutamate levels in the hippocampus and catecholamine levels in the hypothalamus and decreased dopamine in the whole brain after PFAS exposure. There are significant gaps in the literature relative to the assessment of the nigrostriatal system (striatum and ventral midbrain) among other regions associated with PFAS-associated neurologic dysfunction observed in humans. In conclusion, evidence suggests that PFAS may be neurotoxic and associated with chronic and age-related psychiatric illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, it is imperative that future mechanistic studies assess the impact of PFAS and PFAS mixtures on the mechanism of neurotransmission and the consequential functional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M Brown-Leung
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jason R Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Tang L, Yu J, Zhuge S, Chen H, Zhang L, Jiang G. Oxidative stress and Cx43-mediated apoptosis are involved in PFOS-induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2022; 478:153283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Li K, Zhao Q, Fan Z, Jia S, Liu Q, Liu F, Liu S. The toxicity of perfluorodecanoic acid is mainly manifested as a deflected immune function. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4365-4376. [PMID: 35233679 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) is a type of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA). PFDA has toxicity similar to dioxin; its effect on the body is not through a single target or a single pathway. However, the mechanism at the global level is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We treated mice with PFDA and characterized the global changes in gene expression in the liver using microarray analyses. The enriched KEGG pathways and GO analyses revealed that PFDA greatly affected the immune response, which was different from the response of gastric cells previously studied. As a proof of principle, the expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 were both decreased after PFDA treatment, and qRT-PCR and ELISAs verified the reduction of IL-1β and IL-18 in liver tissues. Mechanistic investigations indicated that PFDA inhibited caspase-1 activation, and decreased the mRNA levels of NLRP1, NLRP3, and NLRC4; thus, suggesting that inflammasome assemblies were suppressed. Further microarray data revealed that cIAP2 and its binding proteins, which are critical for regulating inflammasome assembly, were also repressed by PFDA. In addition, flow cytometry results revealed a significant inhibition of Th1 cell differentiation in the livers of PFDA-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that one of the main toxic effects of PFDA on livers was the inhibition of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science & Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 7 Yanzishanxi Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science & Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyan Fan
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shouyin Jia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science & Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyan Liu
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shili Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science & Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Qin Y, Gu T, Ling J, Luo J, Zhao J, Hu B, Hua L, Wan C, Jiang S. PFOS facilitates liver inflammation and steatosis: An involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:806-817. [PMID: 34687223 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a fluorinated organic pollutant with substantial accumulation in mammalian liver tissues. However, the impact of chronic PFOS exposure on liver disease progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we for the first time revealed that micromolar range of PFOS exposure initiates the activation of NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome to drive hepatocyte pyroptosis. We showed that 5 mg/kg/day PFOS exposure may exacerbated liver inflammation and steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with concurrently elevated expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1. PFOS exposure resulted in viability impairment and LDH release in BRL-3A rat liver cells. 25-100 μM concentrations of PFOS exposure activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to consequent GSDMD cleavage, IL-1β release and the initiation of pyroptosis in a dose-dependent manner, whereas treatment with 10 μM NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 abrogated this effect. Moreover, pretreatment of 5 mM ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) ameliorated PFOS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Collectively, our data highlight a pivotal role of pyroptotic death in PFOS-mediated liver inflammation and metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianye Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junyi Ling
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiashan Luo
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Baoying Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Chunhua Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengyang Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Ye ML, Zhu Y, Lu Y, Gan L, Zhang Y, Zhao YG. Magnetic nanomaterials with unique nanozymes-like characteristics for colorimetric sensors: A review. Talanta 2021; 230:122299. [PMID: 33934768 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorimetric sensors for the rapid detection of numerous analytes have been widely applied in many fields such as biomedicine, food industry and environmental science due to their highly sensitive and selective response, easy operation and visual identification by naked eyes. In this review, the recent progress of the colorimetric sensors based on the magnetic nanomaterials with unique nanozymes-like catalytic activity (magnetic nanozyme) and their colorimetric sensing applications are presented. Emerging magnetic nanozyme-based colorimetric sensors, such as metal oxide/sulfides-based, metal-based, carbon-based, and aptamer-conjugated magnetic nanomaterials, offer many desirable features for target analytes detection. And due to the unique nanoscale physical-chemical properties, magnetic nanozymes have been used to mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes such as peroxidases, oxidases and catalases. This review also highlights the catalytic mechanisms of enzyme-like reactions, and promising colorimetric sensing system for the detection of chemical compounds like H2O2, pesticide, ascorbic acid, dopamine, tetracyclines, perfluorooctane sulfonate, phenolic compounds, heavy metal ion and sulfite have been deeply discussed. In addition, the remaining challenges and future directions in utilizing magnetic nanozyme for colorimetric sensors are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Ye
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yin Lu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Zhejiang University Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Zhao
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
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Mokra K. Endocrine Disruptor Potential of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)-A Synthesis of Current Knowledge with Proposal of Molecular Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2148. [PMID: 33670069 PMCID: PMC7926449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are a group of chemical compounds that, even in low concentrations, cause a hormonal imbalance in the body, contributing to the development of various harmful health disorders. Many industry compounds, due to their important commercial value and numerous applications, are produced on a global scale, while the mechanism of their endocrine action has not been fully understood. In recent years, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have gained the interest of major international health organizations, and thus more and more studies have been aimed to explain the toxicity of these compounds. PFASs were firstly synthesized in the 1950s and broadly used in the industry in the production of firefighting agents, cosmetics and herbicides. The numerous industrial applications of PFASs, combined with the exceptionally long half-life of these substances in the human body and extreme environmental persistence, result in a common and chronic exposure of the general population to their action. Available data have suggested that human exposure to PFASs can occur during different stages of development and may cause short- or/and long-term health effects. This paper synthetizes the current literature reports on the presence, bioaccumulation and, particularly, endocrine toxicity of selected long- and short-chain PFASs, with a special emphasis on the mechanisms underlying their endocrine actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mokra
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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11
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Liang H, Yang M, Zeng C, Wu W, Zhao L, Wang Y. Perfluorooctane sulfonate exerts inflammatory bowel disease-like intestinal injury in rats. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10644. [PMID: 33510972 PMCID: PMC7798615 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a type of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), can induce various organ toxicity, including hepatomegaly, immunotoxicity, and gut microbiota disorder. PFCs have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Yet, whether PFOS exposure causes IBD-like disorder and the underlying mechanism remains undefined. Here, we investigated the influence of PFOS exposure on the development of IBD-like disorder in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with PFOS (1 or 10 mg/kg) or normal saline (NS) every other day for 15 days. Body weight, serum concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA) and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. Pathological assessments of villi height and crypt depth in the proximal duodenum and jejunum were performed using H&E staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to assay cell apoptosis in the jejunum. The infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokines in the jejunum were detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. Results PFOS (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the body weight, SAA and hsCRP, whereas no significant differences were observed in PFOS 1 mg/kg group of rats. The villi height and crypt depth in the proximal duodenum and jejunum were significantly reduced upon PFOS exposure. PFOS induced higher histopathological score in intestinal tissues compared to NS. Notably, TUNEL-positive cells were significantly higher in the jejunum upon PFOS exposure. Further, neutrophil and macrophage accumulated, and inflammatory cytokines infiltration were also remarkably increased in rats exposed to PFOS. Conclusion PFOS induces IBD-like phenotypes in rats, with associated inflammatory infiltration to intestinal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Liying Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Deqing People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Duan X, Wang W, Wang Q, Sui X, Li N, Chang L. Electrocatalytic degradation of perfluoroocatane sulfonate (PFOS) on a 3D graphene-lead dioxide (3DG-PbO 2) composite anode: Electrode characterization, degradation mechanism and toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127587. [PMID: 32663673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a three-dimension grapnene-PbO2 (3DG-PbO2) composite anode was prepared using coelectrodeposition technology for electrocatalytic oxidation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The effect of 3DG on the surface morphology, structure and electrocatalytic activity of PbO2 electrode was investigated. The results indicated that the 3DG-PbO2-0.08 anode (3DG concentration in electrodeposition solution was 0.08 g L-1) possessed the best electrocatalytic activity due to its stronger ·OH radicals generation capacity, more active sites and smaller charge-transfer resistance. The degradation rate constant of PFOS on 3DG-PbO2-0.08 anode was 2.33 times than that of pure PbO2 anode. Additionally, the by-products formed in electrocatalytic degradation of PFOS were identified and a PFOS degradation pathway was proposed accordingly, which was dominated by the dissociation of -CF2- groups via the attack of ·OH radicals. Finally, the toxicity evolution of degradation solution was examined to evaluate the ecological risk of electrocatalytic oxidation of PFOS by acute toxicity assays to zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control (Jilin Normal University), Education Department of Jilin Province, Siping, 136000, China.
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control (Jilin Normal University), Education Department of Jilin Province, Siping, 136000, China
| | - Xinyu Sui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control (Jilin Normal University), Education Department of Jilin Province, Siping, 136000, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control (Jilin Normal University), Education Department of Jilin Province, Siping, 136000, China
| | - Limin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, China.
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Lee A, Arachchige BJ, Henderson R, Pow D, Reed S, Aylward J, McCombe PA. Elevated plasma levels of D-serine in some patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2020; 22:206-210. [PMID: 33908331 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1832120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
D-serine is an endogenous co-agonist with glutamate for activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). D-serine exacerbates neuronal death and is elevated in the spinal cord from patients with sporadic/familial ALS. The present study was undertaken to examine whether plasma levels of D-serine of patients with ALS are different from those of healthy controls. Levels of D-serine in plasma (30 patients and 30 controls) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Plasma levels of D-serine in ALS patients (mean 39.27 ± 28.61 ng/ml) were significantly higher (p = 0.0293) than those of healthy control subjects (mean 21.07 ± 14.03 ng/ml) as well as previously reported values for healthy controls; ∼43% of patients had plasma D-serine levels that were 2 to 4-folds higher than those of controls. There was no association of plasma D-serine levels with disability, the duration of disease or with the age of subjects. In conclusion, we show that D-serine levels are elevated in the plasma of some ALS patients. Since D-serine serves as a co-agonist/activator of NMDAR, increases in D-serine could have a direct influence on glutamatergic neurotransmission and potentially contribute to excitotoxicity in some ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aven Lee
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Robert Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia and
| | - David Pow
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah Reed
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James Aylward
- Wesley Medical Research, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Australia
| | - Pamela Ann McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Wesley Medical Research, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Australia
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14
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Berntsen HF, Moldes-Anaya A, Bjørklund CG, Ragazzi L, Haug TM, Strandabø RAU, Verhaegen S, Paulsen RE, Ropstad E, Tasker RA. Perfluoroalkyl acids potentiate glutamate excitotoxicity in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Toxicology 2020; 445:152610. [PMID: 33027616 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent man-made chemicals, ubiquitous in nature and present in human samples. Although restrictions are being introduced, they are still used in industrial processes as well as in consumer products. PFAAs cross the blood-brain-barrier and have been observed to induce adverse neurobehavioural effects in humans and animals as well as adverse effects in neuronal in vitro studies. The sulfonated PFAA perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), has been shown to induce excitotoxicity via the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) in cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). In the present study the aim was to further characterise PFOS-induced toxicity (1-60 μM) in rat CGNs, by examining interactions between PFOS and elements of glutamatergic signalling and excitotoxicity. Effects of the carboxylated PFAA, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, 300-500 μM) on the same endpoints were also examined. During experiments in immature cultures at days in vitro (DIV) 8, PFOS increased both the potency and efficacy of glutamate, whereas in mature cultures at DIV 14 only increased potency was observed. PFOA also increased potency at DIV 14. PFOS-enhanced glutamate toxicity was further antagonised by the competitive NMDA-R antagonist 3-((R)-2-Carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) at DIV 8. At DIV 8, PFOS also induced glutamate release (9-13 fold increase vs DMSO control) after 1-3 and 24 h exposure, whereas for PFOA a large (80 fold) increase was observed, but only after 24 h. PFOS and PFOA both also increased alanine and decreased serine levels after 24 h exposure. In conclusion, our results indicate that PFOS at concentrations relevant in an occupational setting, may be inducing excitotoxicity, and potentiation of glutamate signalling, via an allosteric action on the NMDA-R or by actions on other elements regulating glutamate release or NMDA-R function. Our results further support our previous findings that PFOS and PFOA at equipotent concentrations induce toxicity via different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Friis Berntsen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102, Oslo, Norway; National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 8149 Dep N-0033, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Angel Moldes-Anaya
- Research and Development (R&D) Section, PET Imaging Center, University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), Tromsø, Norway; Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Biology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Cesilie Granum Bjørklund
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lorenzo Ragazzi
- Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Steven Verhaegen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Elisabeth Paulsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Ropstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Andrew Tasker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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15
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He J, Su Y, Sun Z, Zhang R, Wu F, Bai Y. A chitosan-mediated “turn-on” strategy for rapid fluorometric detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Liu D, Liu NY, Chen LT, Shao Y, Shi XM, Zhu DY. Perfluorooctane sulfonate induced toxicity in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via inhibiting autophagy-lysosome pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104988. [PMID: 32861759 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a classic environmental pollutant, is reported to cause cardiotoxicity in animals and humans. It has been demonstrated that PFOS exposure down-regulates expression of cardiac-development related genes and proteins. However, the related mechanism of PFOS has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the embryonic stem (ES) cells-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs) was employed to investigate PFOS-mediated mechanism in developmental toxicity of cardiomyocytes. Our previous study shows that PFOS induces cardiomyocyte toxicity via causing mitochondrial damage. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which PFOS affects the autophagy-related mitochondrial toxicity in ESC-CMs remains unclear. Here, we found that PFOS induced the swelling of mitochondria and the autophagosome accumulation in ESC-CMs at 40 μM concentration. PFOS increased the levels of LC3-II, p62, and ubiquitinated proteins. PFOS also induced an increase of LC3 and p62 localization into mitochondria, indicating that mitophagy degradation was impaired. The results of autophagic flux using chloroquine and RFP-GFP-LC3 analysis showed that the accumulation of autophagosome was not caused by the formation but by the impaired degradation. PFOS was capable of blocking the fusion between autophagosome and lysosome. PFOS caused dysfunction of lysosomes because it down-regulated Lamp2a and cathepsin D, but it did not induced lysosome membrane permeabilization. Meanwhile, PFOS-mediated lysosomal function and the inhibitory effect of autophagic flux could be reversed by PP242 at 40 nM concentration, an mTOR inhibitor. Furthermore, PP242 restored PFOS-induced ATP depletion and mitochondrial membrane potential. In conclusion, PFOS induced mitochondrial dysfunction via blocking autophagy-lysosome degradation, leading to cardiomyocyte toxicity from ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nuo-Ya Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li-Ting Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Shi
- Undergraduate Students in Research Training Project at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan-Yan Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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17
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A resonance Rayleigh scattering and colorimetric dual-channel sensor for sensitive detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate based on toluidine blue. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5329-5339. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Perfluoroalkyl chemicals in neurological health and disease: Human concerns and animal models. Neurotoxicology 2020; 77:155-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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ROS-mediated JNK pathway critically contributes to PFOS-triggered apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2019; 75:106821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2019.106821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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