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Duan J, Du P, Jiang T, Ma X, Sun J, Liang J, Wang J, Liu C. Exploring the mechanism of enterotoxicity mediated by the microbiome-butyrate-PPAR axis in podophyllotoxin through the toxicological evidence chain (TEC) concept. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116548. [PMID: 38850705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is a lignan derived from the roots and stems of the Podophyllum plant. However, its enterotoxicity restricts its clinical application. The underlying mechanisms by which PPT exerts its action remain largely elusive. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying PPT-induced enterotoxicity utilizing the concept of toxicological evidence chain. Changes in body weight, behavior, and histopathological and biochemical markers in rats were observed. Additionally, microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome analyses were integrated to identify potential microorganisms, metabolic markers, and major pathways using a co-occurrence network. Our findings suggested that PPT induced pathological changes in rats, including weight loss, diarrhea, and inflammation accompanied by increased levels of IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-6, GRO/KC, and IL-12p70. The decrease in butyrate levels in the PPT group may be related to the enrichment of Firmicutes. The reduction of butyrate levels may impair the expression of PPARγ, subsequently promoting Escherichia-Shigella proliferation. Additionally, the suppression of PPARs pathway may result in the increased production of inflammatory factors, contributing to enterotoxicity. This study offers a novel understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PPT-induced enterotoxicity, making a significant contribution to developing strategies to mitigate PPT toxicity and prevent associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Peipei Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Jin Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
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Sadanala BD, Trivedi R. Ferrocenyl Azoles: Versatile N-Containing Heterocycles and their Anticancer Activities. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300347. [PMID: 38984727 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The medicinal chemistry of ferrocene has gained its momentum after the discovery of biological activities of ferrocifen and ferroquine. These ferrocenyl drugs have been designed by replacing the aromatic moiety of the organic drugs, tamoxifen and chloroquine respectively, with a ferrocenyl unit. The promising biological activities of these ferrocenyl drugs have paved a path to explore the medicinal applications of several ferrocenyl conjugates. In these conjugates, the ferrocenyl moiety has played a vital role in enhancing or imparting the anticancer activity to the molecule. The ferrocenyl conjugates induce the cytotoxicity by generating reactive oxygen species and thereby damaging the DNA. In medicinal chemistry, the five membered nitrogen heterocycles (azoles) play a significant role due to their rigid ring structure and hydrogen bonding ability with the biomolecules. Several potent drug candidates with azole groups have been in use as chemotherapeutics. Considering the importance of ferrocenyl moiety and azole groups, several ferrocenyl azole conjugates have been synthesized and screened for their biological activities. Hence, in the view of a wide scope in the development of potent drugs based on ferrocenyl azole conjugates, herein we present the details of synthesis and the anticancer activities of ferrocenyl compounds bearing azole groups such as imidazole, triazoles, thiazole and isoxazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Deepthi Sadanala
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Present address, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajiv Trivedi
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus Sector 19, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201 002, India
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3
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Perrot T, Marc J, Lezin E, Papon N, Besseau S, Courdavault V. Emerging trends in production of plant natural products and new-to-nature biopharmaceuticals in yeast. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103098. [PMID: 38452572 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products represent an inestimable source of valuable compounds for human health. Notably, those produced by plants remain challenging to access due to their low production. Potential shortages of plant-derived biopharmaceuticals caused by climate change or pandemics also regularly tense the market trends. Thus, biotechnological alternatives of supply based on synthetic biology have emerged. These innovative strategies mostly rely on the use of engineered microbial systems for compound synthesis. In this regard, yeasts remain the easiest-tractable eukaryotic models and a convenient chassis for reconstructing whole biosynthetic routes for the heterologous production of plant-derived metabolites. Here, we highlight the recent discoveries dedicated to the bioproduction of new-to-nature compounds in yeasts and provide an overview of emerging strategies for optimising bioproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Perrot
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, BBV, EA2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jillian Marc
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, BBV, EA2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Enzo Lezin
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, BBV, EA2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Univ Angers, Univ Brest, IRF, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Besseau
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, BBV, EA2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, BBV, EA2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
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Ushimaru R. Functions and mechanisms of enzymes assembling lignans and norlignans. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 80:102462. [PMID: 38692182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Lignans and norlignans are distributed throughout the plant kingdom and exhibit diverse chemical structures and biological properties that offer potential for therapeutic use. Originating from the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, their characteristic carbon architectures are formed through unique enzyme catalysis, featuring regio- and stereoselective C-C bond forming processes. Despite extensive research on these plant natural products, their biosynthetic pathways, and enzyme mechanisms remain enigmatic. This review highlights recent advancements in elucidating the functions and mechanisms of the biosynthetic enzymes responsible for constructing the distinct carbon frameworks of lignans and norlignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richiro Ushimaru
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Hao JJ, Wu J, Jiang T, Luo H, Li RT. Gold-Catalyzed Reactions of Enynals with Alkenes for Synthesis Binaphthyl Derivatives. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6074-6084. [PMID: 38626391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
A PPh3Au[B(C6F5)4]-catalyzed reaction of enynals and alkenes for the construction of binaphthyl derivatives was described. This transformation was achieved through o-Quinodimethane (o-QDM) intermediate's extended conjugated addition process. The reaction has the advantages of wide substrate scopes, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and good scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Hao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Hejiang Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
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Ghayour AH, Delavari M, Arbabi M. Antileishmanial effect of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin on Leishmania major in vitro and in vivo. J Parasit Dis 2024; 48:157-162. [PMID: 38440762 PMCID: PMC10908768 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic research is very important in the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis due to problems such as drug resistance, scarring and disease recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine how Leishmania major responds to the anti-leishmaniasis properties of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin. Cultured Leishmania promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin for 24 and 48 h. Then, during the animal phase, Balb/c mice were experimentally injected with Leishmania promastigotes. After wounding, the effects of 0.5% podophyllotoxin and 25% podophyllin on reducing wound diameter and the number of amastigotes in the wound were evaluated. Podophyllotoxin and podophyllin were 83% and 59% lethal to Leishmania major promastigotes at the highest concentrations (200 µg/ml) and time (48 h). In the in vivo study, the mean lesion diameter at the end of treatment in the negative control group was 15.10 mm compared to 14.21 mm and 11.55 mm in the 25% podophyllin and 0.5% podophyllotoxin groups, respectively. Although both agents reduced the size of mice wounds and the number of amastigotes in the wounds, podophyllotoxin was more effective in this regard. Based on the results, podophyllotoxin and podophyllin can be used as leishmaniasis drugs after further research. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir hossein Ghayour
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahdi Delavari
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohsen Arbabi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Jia ZH, Pilkington LI, Barker D. Total Syntheses and Absolute Stereochemical Correction of Negundin B, Vitexin 1, and Vitexin 6. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3644-3651. [PMID: 38377490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A highly adaptable asymmetric synthetic route toward dihydronaphthalene lignans was developed, with its application to the syntheses of negundin B and vitexin 1/6 described herein. This developed pathway proceeded through an enantioselective aldol reaction to establish the contiguous stereocenters present in the final structures with subsequent functional group transformations yielding (-)-negundin B and (-)-vitexin 1/6. The enantioselective synthesis of vitexin 1/6 allowed the correction of absolute configuration, which has been widely incorrectly reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong Hao Jia
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Lisa I Pilkington
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Te Pu̅naha Matatini, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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Duan J, Sun J, Jiang T, Ma X, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang F, Liu C. Podophyllotoxin-mediated neurotoxicity via the microbiota-gut-brain axis in SD rats based on the toxicological evidence chain (TEC) concept. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168106. [PMID: 37884145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is a naturally occurring aryltetralin lignan. However, its clinical application has been limited due to its neurotoxicity, the mechanism of which remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis in PPT-induced neurotoxicity using the toxicological evidence chain concept. Our approach included behavioral testing in rats, evaluation of colon and hippocampal pathological changes, examination of proinflammatory factors, brain-gut peptides, and an in-depth analysis of gut microbiome and metabolic profiles. Our results demonstrated that PPT exposure compromised cognitive functions, induced damage to the colon and hippocampus, and increased intestinal permeability in rats. Furthermore, it elevated proinflammatory factors, particularly TNF-α and IL-6, while causing disruptions in the gut microbiota, favoring Escherichia-Shigella over Lactobacillus. Significant alterations in metabolic profiles in feces, serum, and hippocampus, particularly in tryptophan metabolism with a correlation to inflammatory factors and Escherichia-Shigella, were also observed. Our findings suggest that PPT promotes the enrichment of Escherichia-Shigella leading to inflammatory factor production and alterations in kynurenine metabolism in the hippocampus, potentially contributing to neurotoxicity. The study provides novel insights into the mechanistic pathways of PPT-induced neurotoxicity, emphasizing the role of the MGB axis and offering avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Yuming Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003.
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Kobayashi K, Yamamura M, Mikami B, Shiraishi A, Kumatani M, Satake H, Ono E, Umezawa T. Anthriscus sylvestris Deoxypodophyllotoxin Synthase Involved in the Podophyllotoxin Biosynthesis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1436-1448. [PMID: 37948767 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydrofuran ring formation from dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans is a key step in the biosynthesis of aryltetralin lignans including deoxypodophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxin. Previously, Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD) from Podophyllum hexandrum (Himalayan mayapple, Berberidaceae) was found to catalyze the cyclization of a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, yatein, to give deoxypodophyllotoxin and designated as deoxypodophyllotoxin synthase (DPS). Recently, we reported that the biosynthesis of deoxypodophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxin evolved in a lineage-specific manner in phylogenetically unrelated plant species such as P. hexandrum and Anthriscus sylvestris (cow parsley, Apiaceae). Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of DPSs that catalyze the cyclization of yatein to deoxypodophyllotoxin in various plant species is important. However, for plant species other than P. hexandrum, the isolation of the DPS enzyme gene and the type of the enzyme, e.g. whether it is 2-ODD or another type of enzyme such as cytochrome P-450, have not been reported. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of A. sylvestris DPS (AsDPS). Phylogenetic analysis showed that AsDPS belonged to the 2-ODD superfamily and shared moderate amino acid sequence identity (40.8%) with P. hexandrum deoxypodophyllotoxin synthase (PhDPS). Recombinant protein assay indicated that AsDPS and PhDPS differ in terms of the selectivity of substrate enantiomers. Protein modeling using AlphaFold2 and site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the Tyr305 residue of AsDPS probably contributes to substrate recognition. This study advances our understanding of the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway in A. sylvestris and provides new insight into 2-ODD involved in plant secondary (specialized) metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minami-josanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8502 Japan
| | - Bunzo Mikami
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
| | - Akira Shiraishi
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284 Japan
| | - Masato Kumatani
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
| | - Honoo Satake
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284 Japan
| | - Eiichiro Ono
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
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Miranda-Vera C, Hernández ÁP, García-García P, Díez D, García PA, Castro MÁ. Podophyllotoxin: Recent Advances in the Development of Hybridization Strategies to Enhance Its Antitumoral Profile. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2728. [PMID: 38140069 PMCID: PMC10747284 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin is a naturally occurring cyclolignan isolated from rhizomes of Podophyllum sp. In the clinic, it is used mainly as an antiviral; however, its antitumor activity is even more interesting. While podophyllotoxin possesses severe side effects that limit its development as an anticancer agent, nevertheless, it has become a good lead compound for the synthesis of derivatives with fewer side effects and better selectivity. Several examples, such as etoposide, highlight the potential of this natural product for chemomodulation in the search for new antitumor agents. This review focuses on the recent chemical modifications (2017-mid-2023) of the podophyllotoxin skeleton performed mainly at the C-ring (but also at the lactone D-ring and at the trimethoxyphenyl E-ring) together with their biological properties. Special emphasis is placed on hybrids or conjugates with other natural products (either primary or secondary metabolites) and other molecules (heterocycles, benzoheterocycles, synthetic drugs, and other moieties) that contribute to improved podophyllotoxin bioactivity. In fact, hybridization has been a good strategy to design podophyllotoxin derivatives with enhanced bioactivity. The way in which the two components are joined (directly or through spacers) was also considered for the organization of this review. This comprehensive perspective is presented with the aim of guiding the medicinal chemistry community in the design of new podophyllotoxin-based drugs with improved anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Miranda-Vera
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - Ángela Patricia Hernández
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - Pilar García-García
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - David Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Pablo Anselmo García
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - María Ángeles Castro
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
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Huang SC, Zhang YK, Geng Q, Huang QK, Xu JH, Chen YF, Yu HL. Improving the Enantioselectivity of CHMO Brevi1 for Asymmetric Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin Precursor. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300582. [PMID: 37728423 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
(R)-β-piperonyl-γ-butyrolactones are key building blocks for the synthesis of podophyllotoxin, which have demonstrated remarkable potential in cancer treatment. Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs)-mediated asymmetric oxidation is a green approach to produce chiral lactones. While several BVMOs were able to oxidize the corresponding cyclobutanone, most BVMOs gave the (S) enantiomer while Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) from Brevibacterium sp. HCU1 gave (R) enantiomer, but with a low enantioselectivity (75 % ee). In this study, we use a strategy called "focused rational iterative site-specific mutagenesis" (FRISM) at residues ranging from 6 Å from substrate. The mutations by using a restricted set of rationally chosen amino acids allow the formation of a small mutant library. By generating and screening less than 60 variants, we achieved a high ee of 96.8 %. Coupled with the cofactor regeneration system, 9.3 mM substrate was converted completely in a 100-mL scale reaction. Therefore, our work reveals a promising synthetic method for (R)-β-piperonyl-γ-butyrolactone with the highest enantioselectivity, and provides a new opportunity for the chem-enzymatic synthesis of podophyllotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Cheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi-Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qi-Kang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Xiang C, Fu Y, Hao T, Wei L, Liu Y, Fan ZC, Guo N, Yu P, Teng YO. Podophyllotoxin-loaded PEGylated E-selectin peptide conjugate targeted cancer site to enhance tumor inhibition and reduce side effect. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115780. [PMID: 37666045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
E-selectin, which is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells near tumor and get involved in the all tumor growth steps: occurrence, proliferation and metastasis, is considered as a promise targeted protein for antitumor drug discovery. Herein, we would like to report the design, preparation and the anticancer evaluation of the peptide-PEG-podophyllotoxin conjugate(PEG-Pep-PODO), in which the short peptide (CIELLQAR) was used as the E-selectin ligand for the targeting purpose and the PEG portion the molecule got the conjugate self-assembled to form a water soluble nanoparticle. In vitro release study showed that the conjugated and entrapped PODO could be released simultaneously in the presence of GSH (highly expressed in tumor environmental conditions) and the GSH would catalyze the break of the disufur bond which linked of the PODO and the peptide-PEG portion of the conjugate. Cell adhesion test of the PEG-Pep-PODO indicated that E-selectin ligand peptide CIELLQAR could get specifically and efficiently binding to the E-selectin expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In vitro cytotoxicity assay further revealed that PEG-Pep-PODO significantly improved the selectivity of PEG-Pep-PODO for killing the tumor cells and normal cells compared with PODO solution formulation. More importantly, the in vivo experiment demonstrated that the conjugate would accumulate of the PODO payload in tumor through targeting endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment, which resulted in the much improved in vivo inhibition of tumor growth, intratumoral microvessel density, and decreased systemic toxicity of this nanoparticle over the free PODO. Furthermore, this water soluble conjugate greatly improved the pharmacokinetic properties of the mother molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Xiang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ying Fu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Tiantian Hao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Shouyao Holdings (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wei
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhen-Chuan Fan
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Na Guo
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yu-Ou Teng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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13
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Firdous F, Riaz S, Furqan M, Fozail S, Fatima K, Pohl SÖG, Doleschall NJ, Myant KB, Kahfi J, Emwas AH, Jaremko M, Chotana GA, Saleem RSZ, Faisal A. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of SSE1806, a Microtubule Destabilizer That Overcomes Multidrug Resistance. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1369-1377. [PMID: 37849542 PMCID: PMC10577696 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic structures that form spindle fibers during cell division; pharmacological inhibition of microtubule dynamics arrests cells in mitosis, leading to apoptosis, and they have been extensively used to treat various cancers. However, the efficacy of such drugs is often limited by multidrug resistance. This study synthesized and evaluated 30 novel derivatives of podophyllotoxin, a natural antimitotic compound, for their antiproliferative activities. Compound SSE1806 exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity with GI50 values ranging from 1.29 ± 0.01 to 21.15 ± 2.1 μM in cancer cell lines of different origins; it directly inhibited microtubule polymerization, causing aberrant mitosis and G2/M arrest. Prolonged treatment with SSE1806 increased p53 expression, induced cell death in monolayer cultures, and reduced the growth of mouse- and patient-derived human colon cancer organoids. Importantly, SSE1806 overcame multidrug resistance in a cell line overexpressing MDR-1. Thus, SSE1806 represents a potential anticancer agent that can overcome multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Firdous
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Sharon Riaz
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Salman Fozail
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khushboo Fatima
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Sebastian Öther-Gee Pohl
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Nora Julia Doleschall
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Kevin B. Myant
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Jordan Kahfi
- Division
of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- KAUST
Core Laboratories, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division
of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghayoor Abbas Chotana
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
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14
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Xu Y, He Z, Chen L, Wang H. A recent antitumor story of podophyllotoxin derivatives targeting tubulin: an update (2017-2022). Drug Discov Today 2023:103640. [PMID: 37236524 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
So far, numerous tubulin-targeted podophyllotoxin congeners were designed and synthesized to overcome the poor water-solubility and improve the pharmaceutical characteristics. However, few studies are dedicated to exploring the interaction of tubulin with the downstream signal transduction pathways, which is important for gaining insight into the role of tubulin in the anticancer action of podophyllotoxin-based conjugates. In this review, we described a detailed account of all the advances on tubulin targeting-podophyllotoxin derivatives from 2017 and 2022 with in depth knowledge about their antitumor action and potential molecular signaling pathways directly involved in tubulin depolymerization, aiming to help researchers design and develop better anticancer drugs derived from podophyllotoxin. Moreover, we also discussed the associated challenges and future opportunities in this field. Short teaser Recent reviews summarized podophyllotoxin-based analogues, with interaction between tubulin and signal pathways being rarely involved. This review comprehensively sum up how podophyllotoxin derivatives targeting tubulin exert their antitumor action via potential molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xu
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Zihan He
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 35 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Huai Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Ba Yi Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China.
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15
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Hernández ÁP, Díez P, García PA, Pérez-Andrés M, Veselinova A, Jambrina PG, San Feliciano A, Díez D, Fuentes M, Castro MÁ. Improving Properties of Podophyllic Aldehyde-Derived Cyclolignans: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Lignohydroquinones, Dual-Selective Hybrids against Colorectal Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030886. [PMID: 36986749 PMCID: PMC10053213 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
New lignohydroquinone conjugates (L-HQs) were designed and synthesized using the hybridization strategy, and evaluated as cytotoxics against several cancer cell lines. The L-HQs were obtained from the natural product podophyllotoxin and some semisynthetic terpenylnaphthohydroquinones, prepared from natural terpenoids. Both entities of the conjugates were connected through different aliphatic or aromatic linkers. Among the evaluated hybrids, the L-HQ with the aromatic spacer clearly displayed the in vitro dual cytotoxic effect derived from each starting component, retaining the selectivity and showing a high cytotoxicity at short (24 h) and long (72 h) incubation times (4.12 and 0.0450 µM, respectively) against colorectal cancer cells. In addition, the cell cycle blockade observed by flow cytometry studies, molecular dynamics, and tubulin interaction studies demonstrated the interest of this kind of hybrids, which docked adequately into the colchicine binding site of tubulin despite their large size. These results prove the validity of the hybridization strategy and encourage further research on non-lactonic cyclolignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela-Patricia Hernández
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences: Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Díez
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo A. García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences: Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Martín Pérez-Andrés
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Anzhela Veselinova
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo G. Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences: Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí 88302-202, SC, Brazil
| | - David Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.Á.C.)
| | - Mᵃ Ángeles Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences: Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.Á.C.)
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16
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Lee JY, Kang BY, Jung SJ, Kwak AW, Lee SO, Park JW, Joo SH, Yoon G, Lee MH, Shim JH. Picropodophyllotoxin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells by Dual-Targeting EGFR and MET. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:200-209. [PMID: 36281696 PMCID: PMC9970835 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification or sensitive mutations initially respond to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, however, the treatment becomes less effective over time by resistance mechanism including mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) overexpression. A therapeutic strategy targeting MET and EGFR may be a means to overcoming resistance to gefitinib. In the present study, we found that picropodophyllotoxin (PPT), derived from the roots of Podophyllum hexandrum, inhibited both EGFR and MET in NSCLC cells. The antitumor efficacy of PPT in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells (HCC827GR), was confirmed by suppression of cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony growth. In the targeting of EGFR and MET, PPT bound with EGFR and MET, ex vivo, and blocked both kinases activity. The binding sites between PPT and EGFR or MET in the computational docking model were predicted at Gly772/Met769 and Arg1086/Tyr1230 of each ATP-binding pocket, respectively. PPT treatment of HCC827GR cells increased the number of annexin V-positive and subG1 cells. PPT also caused G2/M cell-cycle arrest together with related protein regulation. The inhibition of EGFR and MET by PPT treatment led to decreases in the phosphorylation of the downstream-proteins, AKT and ERK. In addition, PPT induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and GRP78, CHOP, DR5, and DR4 expression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulated involving signal-proteins. Taken together, PPT alleviated gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell growth and induced apoptosis by reducing EGFR and MET activity. Therefore, our results suggest that PPT can be a promising therapeutic agent for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok Yun Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Won Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-On Lee
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea,Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Shim JH), (Lee MH), Tel: +82-61-450-2684 (Shim JH), +82-61-330-3516 (Lee MH), Fax: +82-61-450-2689 (Shim JH), +82-61-330-3519 (Lee MH)
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea,Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea,The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Shim JH), (Lee MH), Tel: +82-61-450-2684 (Shim JH), +82-61-330-3516 (Lee MH), Fax: +82-61-450-2689 (Shim JH), +82-61-330-3519 (Lee MH)
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17
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Thanh NH, Bao LQ, Pham-The H, Anh DTT, Van Kiem P. Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Fluorinated Podophyllotoxin Derivatives. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231153733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro and in silico anticancer activity of fluorinated podophyllotoxin derivatives. Methods: Microwave-assisted multicomponent reactions were carried out in an Anton Paar Microwave Synthetic Reactor Monowave 400 in order to synthesize fluorinated podophyllotoxin derivatives. These products were identified by spectral analysis and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against 4 types of human cancer cell lines (KB, HepG2, A549, and MCF7), as well as human embryonic kidney (Hek) 293 cells using MTT protocol. Molecular docking was conducted using 2 crystal structures of tubulin—colchicine (PDB ID: 4O2B) and topoisomerase II—etoposide (PDB ID: 3QX3) complexes. Results: Two potent cytotoxic fluorinated podophyllotoxin–naphthoquinone compounds were synthesized in good yields. They displayed high cytotoxic activity against all the tested cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.58 to 3.17 µM. Notably, product 8a showed low toxicity against the Hek-293 cell line. Molecular docking results showed that products 8a and 8b participated in the same key interactions provided by etoposide with both topoisomerase and DNA chain domains. The binding energy values calculated for 8a and 8b are acceptable. Conclusion: This study revealed that products 8a and 8b exhibited promising in vitro and in silico anticancer activity and could be recognized as promising anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ha Thanh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Dang Thi Tuyet Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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18
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Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives: Potential anticancer agents of natural origin in cancer chemotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114145. [PMID: 36586242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of plant secondary metabolites has gained considerable attention among clinicians in the prevention and treatment of cancer. A secondary metabolite isolated mainly from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species (Berberidaceae) is aryltetralin lignan - podophyllotoxin (PTOX). The purpose of this review is to discuss the therapeutic properties of PTOX as an important anticancer compound of natural origin. The relevant information regarding the antitumor mechanisms of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives were collected and analyzed from scientific databases. The results of the analysis showed PTOX exhibits potent cytotoxic activity; however, it cannot be used in its pure form due to its toxicity and generation of many side effects. Therefore, it practically remains clinically unusable. Currently, high effort is focused on attempts to synthesize analogs of PTOX that have better properties for therapeutic use e.g. etoposide (VP-16), teniposide, etopophos. PTOX derivatives are used as anticancer drugs which are showing additional immunosuppressive, antiviral, antioxidant, hypolipemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, attention is paid to the high potential of the usefulness of in vitro cultures of P. peltatum which can be a valuable source of lignans, including PTOX. In conclusion, the preclinical pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo confirm the anticancer and chemotherapeutic potential of PTOX and its derivatives. In the future, clinical studies on human subjects are needed to certify the antitumor effects and the anticancer mechanisms to be certified and analyzed in more detail and to validate the experimental pharmacological preclinical studies.
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19
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Yang J, Liang GP, Liu XL. Synthesis and antitumor activities of 4-(1H-indol-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid spliced podophyllotoxin derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2023.2164863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Pharmacy Department, Zunyi Medical And Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Guang-Ping Liang
- Pharmacy Department, Zunyi Medical And Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- Guizhou Medicine Edible Plant Resources Research and Development Center, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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20
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A new host-targeted antiviral cyclolignan (SAU-22.107) for Dengue Virus infection in cell cultures. Potential action mechanisms based on cell imaging. Virus Res 2023; 323:198995. [PMID: 36336130 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most arbovirosis in the world. However, medications have not been approved for its treatment. Drug discovery based on the host-targeted antiviral (HTA) constitutes a new promising strategy, considering their high genetic barrier to resistance and the low probability of selecting drug resistance strains. In this study, we have tested fifty-seven podophyllotoxin-related cyclolignans on DENV-2 infected cells and found the most promising compound was S.71. Using cellular and molecular biology experiments, we have discovered that the new lignan altered the distribution of microtubules, induced changes in cell morphology, and caused retraction of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, the compound alters the viral envelope protein and the double-stranded RNA, while there is a decrease in negative-strand RNA synthesis; especially when the compound was added between 6- and 12-hours post-infection. Altogether, S.71 decreases the viral yield through an HTA-related mechanism of action, possibly altering the DENV genome replication and/or polyprotein translation, through the alteration of microtubule distribution and endoplasmic reticulum deterioration. Finally, pharmacokinetic predictors show that S.71 falls within the standard ranges established for drugs.
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21
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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Naturally Occurring and Structurally Modified Podophyllotoxins. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010302. [PMID: 36615496 PMCID: PMC9822336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants containing podophyllotoxin and its analogues have been used as folk medicines for centuries. The characteristic chemical structures and strong biological activities of this class of compounds attracted attention worldwide. Currently, more than ninety natural podophyllotoxins were isolated, and structure modifications of these molecules were performed to afford a variety of derivatives, which offered optimized anti-tumor activity. This review summarized up to date reports on natural occurring podophyllotoxins and their sources, structural modification and biological activities. Special attention was paid to both structural modification and optimized antitumor activity. It was noteworthy that etoposide, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, could prevent cytokine storm caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
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22
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Afzal U, Bilal M, Zubair M, Rasool N, Adnan Ali Shah S, Amiruddin Zakaria Z. Stereospecific/stereoselective Nickel catalyzed reductive cross-coupling: An efficient tool for the synthesis of biological active targeted molecules. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Organocatalytic enantioselective construction of bicyclic γ-butrolactones. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Li M, Liu Y, Si H, Zhou X, Zhang YJ. Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Formosanol, Tsugacetal, and Methyl β-Conidendral. Org Lett 2022; 24:7812-7816. [PMID: 36222500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of aryltetralin lignan acetals, (-)-formosanol, (+)-tsugacetal, (+)-methyl β-conidendral, and their enantiomers have been accomplished on the basis of the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic cycloaddition as a key step. Six stereoisomers of the lignan acetals have been synthesized via a 7-8 step sequence in up to 14% overall yield. The in vitro cytotoxicity against several cancer cells has preliminarily been examined for the obtained six stereoisomers of lignan acetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Si
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Jian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
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25
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Nagavath R, Nukala SK, Sagam RR, Sirassu N, Guguloth V, Kamarajugadda P, Paidakula S, Thirukovela NS. Anticancer Evaluation of Some New 4
β
‐Imidazolopodophyllotoxin ‐Aromatic Amides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Nagavath
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal Telangana India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nukala
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal Telangana India
| | - Ravikumar Reddy Sagam
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal Telangana India
| | - Narsimha Sirassu
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal Telangana India
| | - Veeranna Guguloth
- Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal Telanagna India
| | | | - Suresh Paidakula
- Aragen Life Sciences Private Ltd Nacharam Hyderabad, Telanagna India
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26
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Kwon JH, Lee NG, Kang AR, Ahn IH, Choi IY, Song JY, Hwang SG, Um HD, Choi JR, Kim J, Park JK. JNC-1043, a Novel Podophyllotoxin Derivative, Exerts Anticancer Drug and Radiosensitizer Effects in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207008. [PMID: 36296600 PMCID: PMC9607161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether (5S)-5-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,9-dihydro-8H-furo [3’,4’:6,7] naphtho [2,3-d] [1,3]dioxol-6-one (JNC-1043), which is a novel chemical derivative of β-apopicropodophyllin, acts as a novel potential anticancer reagent and radiosensitizer in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Firstly, we used MTT assays to assess whether JNC-1043 could inhibit the cell proliferation of HCT116 and DLD-1 cells. The IC50 values of these cell lines were calculated as 114.5 and 157 nM, respectively, at 72 h of treatment. Using doses approximating the IC50 values, we tested whether JNC-1043 had a radiosensitizing effect in the CRC cell lines. Clonogenic assays revealed that the dose-enhancement ratios (DER) of HCT116 and DLD-1 cells were 1.53 and 1.25, respectively. Cell-counting assays showed that the combination of JNC-1043 and γ-ionizing radiation (IR) enhanced cell death. Treatment with JNC-1043 or IR alone induced cell death by 50~60%, whereas the combination of JNC-1043 and IR increased this cell death by more than 20~30%. Annexin V-propidium iodide assays showed that the combination of JNC-1043 and IR increased apoptosis by more 30~40% compared to that induced by JNC-1043 or IR alone. DCFDA- and MitoSOX-based assays revealed that mitochondrial ROS production was enhanced by the combination of JNC-1043 and IR. Finally, we found that suppression of ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) blocked the apoptotic cell death induced by the combination of JNC-1043 and IR. The xenograft model also indicated that the combination of JNC-1043 and IR increased apoptotic cell death in tumor mass. These results collectively suggest that JNC-1043 acts as a radiosensitizer and exerts anticancer effects against CRC cells by promoting apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kwon
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Na-Gyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - A-Ram Kang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - In-Ho Ahn
- J&C Sciences Co., Ltd., KAIST Moonji Campus F712, 193 Moonji-ro, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 305-732, Korea
| | - In-Young Choi
- J&C Sciences Co., Ltd., KAIST Moonji Campus F712, 193 Moonji-ro, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 305-732, Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Jong-Ryoo Choi
- J&C Sciences Co., Ltd., KAIST Moonji Campus F712, 193 Moonji-ro, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 305-732, Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.P.); Tel.: +82-02-970-1321
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27
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Thanh NH, Phuong HT, Tu Anh LT, Thuy Giang LN, Quynh Giang NT, Anh NT, Tuyet Anh DT, Van Kiem P. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Fluoro and Trifluoromethyl Substituents Containing Novel Naphthoquinone-Fused Podophyllotoxins. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221133196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel naphthoquinone-fused podophyllotoxins containing fluoro and trifluoromethyl substituents were synthesized in a medium with good yields using two different synthetic approaches: microwave-assisted four-component reactions of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, tetronic acid, fluorinated arylaldehydes, and ammonium acetate, and microwave-assisted three-component reactions of 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone, tetronic acid, and fluorinated arylaldehydes. The structures of all products were confirmed by spectral analysis. Together, cytotoxicity assessment of the products against four human cancer cell lines (human carcinoma [KB], human hepatocellular carcinoma [HepG2], lung cancer [A549], breast carcinoma [MCF7], and human embryonic kidney [Hek-293]) was performed by MTT assay. Among the obtained compounds, compound 7f turned out to be the most potent anticancer agent with significant cytotoxic activity against KB, HepG2, and MCF cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ha Thanh
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Phuong
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Tu Anh
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Nhat Thuy Giang
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Quynh Giang
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Tuyet Anh
- Department of Chemical Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Department of Molecular Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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28
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Transition Metal Catalyzed Hiyama Cross-Coupling: Recent Methodology Developments and Synthetic Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175654. [PMID: 36080422 PMCID: PMC9458230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hiyama cross-coupling is a versatile reaction in synthetic organic chemistry for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds. It involves the coupling of organosilicons with organic halides using transition metal catalysts in good yields and high enantioselectivities. In recent years, hectic progress has been made by researchers toward the synthesis of diversified natural products and pharmaceutical drugs using the Hiyama coupling reaction. This review emphasizes the recent synthetic developments and applications of Hiyama cross-coupling.
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29
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Tian DL, Chen H, Luo G, Liang CP. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Novel 4′-O-Demethylpodophyllotoxin Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Nguyen HT, Nguyen Thi QG, Nguyen Thi TH, Thi PH, Le-Nhat-Thuy G, Dang Thi TA, Le-Quang B, Pham-The H, Van Nguyen T. Synthesis and biological activity, and molecular modelling studies of potent cytotoxic podophyllotoxin-naphthoquinone compounds. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22004-22019. [PMID: 36043070 PMCID: PMC9361925 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03312g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new approach for the synthesis of podophyllotoxin-naphthoquinone compounds using microwave-assisted three-component reactions is reported in this study. Novel podophyllotoxin-naphthoquinone derivatives with modification on ring E were synthesized. All the synthetic compounds were assessed in terms of their cytotoxicity profile against four cancer cell lines (KB, HepG2, A549, and MCF7), and noncancerous Hek-293 cell lines. Notably, treatment of SK-LU-1 cells with compounds 5a and 5b resulted in G2/M phase arrest of the cell cycle, caspase-3/7 activation, and apoptosis. Additionally, molecular docking studies were performed and showed important interaction of two compounds against residues in the colchicine-binding-site of tubulin as well. Taken together, compounds 5a and 5b were identified as potent anticancer agents. A new approach for the synthesis of podophyllotoxin-naphthoquinone compounds using microwave-assisted three-component reactions is reported in this study.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thanh Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Quynh Giang Nguyen Thi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thu Ha Nguyen Thi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phuong Hoang Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Giang Le-Nhat-Thuy
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Tuyet Anh Dang Thi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Bao Le-Quang
- Hanoi Unviversity of Pharmacy 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hai Pham-The
- Hanoi Unviversity of Pharmacy 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam .,Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam
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31
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Li M, Zhao Y, Sun J, Chen H, Liu Z, Lin K, Ma P, Zhang W, Zhen Y, Zhang S, Zhang S. pH/reduction dual-responsive hyaluronic acid-podophyllotoxin prodrug micelles for tumor targeted delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119402. [PMID: 35450654 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-based prodrug nanocarriers with tumor-targeting and controlled-release properties are in great demand for enhanced cancer treatment. Hyaluronic acid (HA), which has excellent biocompatibility and targeting ability for cluster determinant 44 (CD44), has been proposed for delivering drugs that have poor solubility and high toxicity. Herein, podophyllotoxin (PPT) was conjugated to HA via ester and disulfide linkages to construct a pH- and reduction-responsive prodrug (HA-S-S-PPT). The micelles self-assembled from HA-S-S-PPT prodrug efficiently accumulated at tumor site due to HA receptor-mediated endocytosis. HA-S-S-PPT micelles exhibited 33.1% higher cumulative release than HA-NH-CO-PPT micelles (sensitive only to pH) owing to their dual responsiveness to pH and reduction. HA-S-S-PPT micelles achieved excellent antitumor activity in vivo, with the tumor inhibition rate reaching 92%, significantly higher than that of HA-NH-CO-PPT micelles (65%), and negligible systemic toxicity. This controllable-targeting nanoparticle system provides a potential platform for clinical application of PPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Zhanbiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Kexin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, PR China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, PR China
| | - Yuhong Zhen
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, PR China.
| | - Shufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China.
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32
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Huang J, Chen Y, Guo Y, Bao M, Hong K, Zhang Y, Hu W, Lei J, Liu Y, Xu X. Synthesis of dihydrofuran-3-one and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone hybrid molecules and biological evaluation against colon cancer cells as selective Akt kinase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2022; 27:845-855. [PMID: 35751771 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10458-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of dihydrofuran-3-one and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone hybrid compounds were synthetized through a one-pot gold-catalyzed oxidative cyclization and Aldol-type addition cascade reaction of homopropargylic alcohols with 9,10-phenanthrenequinone. The cytotoxicity of newly synthesized compounds was evaluated in CCK8 assay against different human cancer cells, showing significantly antiproliferative activity against tested tumor cell lines with a lowest IC50 value of 0.92 μM over HCT-116. Further investigation revealed that the treatment of HCT-116 cell line with the promising compound 4c induced cell death as a selective Akt inhibitor. In addition, controlled experiments and molecular docking study suggested that the significant antitumor activity might be attributed to the unique hybrid structure, which implied the promising potential of this dual heterocycle hybrid method in the discovery of novel bioactive molecules with structural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yinfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ming Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kemiao Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinping Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xinfang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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33
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pH-sensitive hyaluronic acid-targeted prodrug micelles constructed via a one-step reaction for enhanced chemotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:489-500. [PMID: 35240214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although many chemotherapy prodrugs have been developed for tumor therapy, non-targeted delivery, uncontrolled release and tedious construction procedure of prodrugs still limit their clinical application in tumor treatment. In this work, hyaluronic acid (HA) which has tumor-targeting ability was used to conjugate to antitumor drug podophyllotoxin (PPT) to construct a pH-sensitive prodrug named HA-CO-O-PPT just via a one-step esterification reaction. The HA-CO-O-PPT spontaneously assembled into nano spherical micelles in aqueous medium, which had outstanding serum stability and blood compatibility. The obtained prodrug micelles (named HP micelles) exhibited a pH-responsive drug release mode with cumulative release reaching 81.2% due to their dissociation in response to acid stimulus, and had a high cellular uptake efficiency beyond 97% owing to HA receptor-mediated targeting. Furthermore, it was found that the prodrug micelles showed excellent antitumor activities in vivo with the tumor inhibition ratio up to 85% and negligible systemic toxicity. Accordingly, the pH-responsive HP micelles constructed by a simple one-step reaction, could be a promising candidate as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer therapy.
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34
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Meng F, Zhang K, Yang C, Zhang K, Xu Q, Ren R, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Peng Y, Li Y, Guo H, Ren Y, Zhao Z. Prognostic Pathways Guide Drug Indications in Pan-Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:849552. [PMID: 35372084 PMCID: PMC8964428 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.849552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathway-level analysis is a powerful approach enabling the interpretation of post-genomic data at a higher level than that of individual molecules. Molecular-targeted therapy focusing on cascade signaling pathways has become a new paradigm in anticancer therapy, instead of a single protein. However, the approaches to narrowing down the long list of biological pathways are limited. Here, we proposed a strategy for in silico Drug Prescription on biological pathways across pan-Cancers (CDP), by connecting drugs to candidate pathways. Applying on a list of 120 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), we especially identified the “TCM–pathways–cancers” triplet and constructed it into a heterogeneous network across pan-cancers. Applying them into TCMs, the computational prescribing methods deepened the understanding of the efficacy of TCM at the molecular level. Further applying them into Western medicines, CDP could promote drug reposition avoiding time-consuming developments of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanlin Meng
- Marketing and Management Department, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changlin Yang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Ren
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Marketing and Management Department, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Marketing and Management Department, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanze Li
- Marketing and Management Department, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Ren
- Marketing and Management Department, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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35
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Shi RJ, Fan HY, Yu XH, Tang YL, Jiang J, Liang XH. Advances of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives: patterns and mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Zhao Y, Li D, Han Y, Wang H, Du R, Yan Z. The ester derivatives obtained by C‐ring modification of podophyllotoxin induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in Hemangioma Endothelial Cells via down‐regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:828-838. [PMID: 35184389 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Danyao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Yun Han
- Department of Pharmacy TCM Hospital Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Haohao Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
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37
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Nagavath R, Nukala SK, Sirassu N, Sagam RR, Manchal R, Paidakula S, Thirukovela NS. One-pot synthesis of some new regioselective 4β-pyrazolepodophyllotoxins as DNA topoisomerase-II targeting anticancer agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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38
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Ganaie BA, Banday JA, Bhat BA, Ara T. Synthesis and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Triazolyl Analogs of Podophyllotoxin, a Naturally Occurring Lignin. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Reis ACC, Silva BM, Souza Filho JD, Pereira GR, Brandão GC. Cytotoxic activity of extracts from Tecoma species and isolated lignans. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e181096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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40
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Radiosensitizer Effect of β-Apopicropodophyllin against Colorectal Cancer via Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413514. [PMID: 34948311 PMCID: PMC8708374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-apopicropodophyllin (APP), a derivative of podophyllotoxin (PPT), has been identified as a potential anti-cancer drug. This study tested whether APP acts as an anti-cancer drug and can sensitize colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to radiation treatment. APP exerted an anti-cancer effect against the CRC cell lines HCT116, DLD-1, SW480, and COLO320DM, with IC50 values of 7.88 nM, 8.22 nM, 9.84 nM, and 7.757 nM, respectively, for the induction of DNA damage. Clonogenic and cell counting assays indicated that the combined treatment of APP and γ-ionizing radiation (IR) showed greater retardation of cell growth than either treatment alone, suggesting that APP sensitized CRC cells to IR. Annexin V–propidium iodide (PI) assays and immunoblot analysis showed that the combined treatment of APP and IR increased apoptosis in CRC cells compared with either APP or IR alone. Results obtained from the xenograft experiments also indicated that the combination of APP and IR enhanced apoptosis in the in vivo animal model. Apoptosis induction by the combined treatment of APP and IR resulted from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) restored cell viability and decreased the induction of apoptosis by APP and IR in CRC cells. Taken together, these results indicate that a combined treatment of APP and IR might promote apoptosis by inducing ROS in CRC cells.
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Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Podophyllotoxin Derivatives. Chem Nat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Balbinot RB, de Oliveira JAM, Bernardi DI, Polli AD, Polonio JC, Cabral MRP, Zanqueta ÉB, Endo EH, Meneguello JE, Cardoso RF, Azevedo JL, Dias Filho BP, Nakamura TU, do Carmo MRB, Sarragiotto MH, Pamphile JA, Baldoqui DC. Chromolaena laevigata (Asteraceae) as a source of endophytic non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus: chemical profile in different culture conditions and biological applications. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1201-1214. [PMID: 33929720 PMCID: PMC8324641 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are microorganisms that form symbiotic relationships with their host. These microorganisms can produce a variety of secondary metabolites, some of which have inhibitory effects on pests and pathogens or even act to promote plant growth. Due to these characteristics, these microorganisms are used as sources of biologically active substances for a wide range of biotechnological applications. Based on that, the aim of this study was to evaluate the production of metabolites of the endophytic Aspergillus flavus CL7 isolated from Chromolaena laevigata, in four different cultivation conditions, and to determine the antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antiviral, and antioxidant potential of these extracts. The multiphasic approach used to identify this strain was based on morphology and ITS gene sequence analysis. The chemical investigation of A. flavus using potato dextrose and minimal medium, using both stationary and agitated methods, resulted in the isolation of kojic acid, α-cyclopiazonic acid, and 20,25-dihydroxyaflavinine. Another 18 compounds in these extracts were identified by UHPLC-HRMS/MS, of which dideacetyl parasiticolide A has been described for the first time from A. flavus. Aflatoxins, important chemomarkers of A. flavus, were not detected in any of the extracts, thus indicating that the CL7 strain is non-aflatoxigenic. The biological potential of all extracts was evaluated, and the best results were observed for the extract obtained using minimal medium against Trichophyton rubrum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo B Balbinot
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Josiane A M de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andressa D Polli
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Julio C Polonio
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Márcia R P Cabral
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Érica B Zanqueta
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eliana H Endo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jean E Meneguello
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosilene F Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João L Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz - ESALQ/USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito P Dias Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tania U Nakamura
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marta R B do Carmo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4778, 84030-910, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria H Sarragiotto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João A Pamphile
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Debora C Baldoqui
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Alfieri M, Mascheretti I, Dougué Kentsop RA, Consonni R, Locatelli F, Mattana M, Ottolina G. Enhanced Aryltetralin Lignans Production in Linum Adventi-Tious Root Cultures. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175189. [PMID: 34500623 PMCID: PMC8434161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans are the main secondary metabolites synthetized by Linum species as plant defense molecules. They are also valuable for human health, in particular, for their potent antiviral and antineoplastic properties. In this study, the adventitious root cultures of three Linum species (L. flavum, L. mucronatum and L. dolomiticum) were developed to produce aryltetralin lignans. The effect of two elicitors, methyl jasmonate and coronatine, on aryltetralin lignans production was also evaluated. The adventitious root cultures from L. dolomiticum were obtained and analyzed for the first time and resulted as the best producer for all the aryltetralins highlighted in this system: Podophyllotoxin, 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin-7-O-β-glucoside, the last showing a productivity of 92.6 mg/g DW. The two elicitors differently affected the production of the 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin-7-O-β-glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Alfieri
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta”, National Research Council, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Iride Mascheretti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.M.); (R.A.D.K.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Roméo A. Dougué Kentsop
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.M.); (R.A.D.K.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Roberto Consonni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta”, National Research Council, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Franca Locatelli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.M.); (R.A.D.K.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Monica Mattana
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.M.); (R.A.D.K.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Gianluca Ottolina
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta”, National Research Council, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0228500021; Fax: +39-0228901239
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Ciaffaglione V, Modica MN, Pittalà V, Romeo G, Salerno L, Intagliata S. Mutual Prodrugs of 5-Fluorouracil: From a Classic Chemotherapeutic Agent to Novel Potential Anticancer Drugs. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3496-3512. [PMID: 34415107 PMCID: PMC9290623 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of potent antitumor agents with a low toxicological profile against healthy cells is still one of the greatest challenges facing medicinal chemistry. In this context, the “mutual prodrug” approach has emerged as a potential tool to overcome undesirable physicochemical features and mitigate the side effects of approved drugs. Among broad‐spectrum chemotherapeutics available for clinical use today, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is one of the most representative, also included in the World Health Organization model list of essential medicines. Unfortunately, severe side effects and drug resistance phenomena are still the primary limits and drawbacks in its clinical use. This review describes the progress made over the last ten years in developing 5‐FU‐based mutual prodrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ciaffaglione
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Zi CT, Wang ZH, Shi J, Shi BY, Zhang N, Wu YL, Xie YR, Zhou L, Xiao C, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and molecular docking of methylated (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-4β-triazolopodophyllotoxin derivatives as novel antitumor agents. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211027328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel methylated (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-4β-triazolopodophyllotoxin derivatives is synthesized by utilizing the click reaction. Evaluation of their cytotoxicity against a panel of five human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480) using the MTT assay shows that most of these compounds exhibit weak cytotoxicity. It is observed that compound 12 shows the highest activity against A-549 cells with an IC50 value of 10.27 ± 0.90 μM. Molecular docking results suggested that this compound 12 has a higher binding affinity for epidermal growth factor receptor than for tubulin. Our findings support the utility of compound 12 as a novel compound for the further development of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Ya Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Rong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Yunnan Plateatu Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Chun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China
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An Insight into Pathophysiological Features and Therapeutic Advances on Ependymoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133221. [PMID: 34203272 PMCID: PMC8269186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although biological information and the molecular classification of ependymoma have been studied, the treatment systems for ependymoma are still insufficient. In addition, because the disease occurs infrequently, it is difficult to obtain sufficient data to conduct large-scale or randomized clinical trials. Therefore, this study is intended to emphasize the importance of understanding its pathological characteristics and prognosis as well as developing treatments for ependymoma through multilateral studies. Abstract Glial cells comprise the non-sensory parts of the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nervous system. Glial cells, also known as neuroglia, constitute a significant portion of the mammalian nervous system and can be viewed simply as a matrix of neural cells. Despite being the “Nervenkitt” or “glue of the nerves”, they aptly serve multiple roles, including neuron repair, myelin sheath formation, and cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Ependymal cells are one of four kinds of glial cells that exert distinct functions. Tumorigenesis of a glial cell is termed a glioma, and in the case of an ependymal cell, it is called an ependymoma. Among the various gliomas, an ependymoma in children is one of the more challenging brain tumors to cure. Children are afflicted more severely by ependymal tumors than adults. It has appeared from several surveys that ependymoma comprises approximately six to ten percent of all tumors in children. Presently, the surgical removal of the tumor is considered a standard treatment for ependymomas. It has been conspicuously evident that a combination of irradiation therapy and surgery is much more efficacious in treating ependymomas. The main purpose of this review is to present the importance of both a deep understanding and ongoing research into histopathological features and prognoses of ependymomas to ensure that effective diagnostic methods and treatments can be developed.
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Zhao Y, Li D, Wei M, Du R, Yan Z. The ester derivatives obtained by C-ring modification of podophyllotoxin induce apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in PC-3M cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 46:128174. [PMID: 34098082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) has been reported to have many pharmacological activities, especially its anti-tumor effects. To improve the cytotoxicity and selective effect of PPT, in this study, we have designed and synthesized 20 ester derivatives by introducing Boc-amino acids or organic acids at the C-4 position of PPT. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated with PC-3M, HemECs, A549, MCF-7 and HepG2 cells. We observed that the proliferation of PC-3M cells was inhibited by all 20 ester derivatives in the largest degree, comparing to the other cell lines. Comparing to PPT (IC50 = 234.90 ± 20.7 nM), eight derivatives had better performance in inhabiting proliferation of PC-3M cells, six of them belong to Boc-amino acid ester derivatives, and the derivative named V-05 (IC50 = 1.28 ± 0.1 nM) had the strongest inhibitation effect. Changes in cell proliferation and apoptotic signaling pathways were studied by DAPI staining, colony formation assay, migration assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. We found that V-05 were able to inhibit PC-3M cells proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis by downregualting p-PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl-2, and upregulating Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. Our research provides the first insight for the application of PPT derivatives in PC-3M cells, which may offer information to the effective medicine development for human prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Danyao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Minggang Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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Synthesis and structural characterization of new benzylidene glycosides, cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines and molecular modeling studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Podophyllotoxin: History, Recent Advances and Future Prospects. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040603. [PMID: 33921719 PMCID: PMC8073934 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin, along with its various derivatives and congeners are widely recognized as broad-spectrum pharmacologically active compounds. Etoposide, for instance, is the frontline chemotherapeutic drug used against various cancers due to its superior anticancer activity. It has recently been redeveloped for the purpose of treating cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. Podophyllotoxin and its naturally occurring congeners have low bioavailability and almost all these initially discovered compounds cause systemic toxicity and development of drug resistance. Moreover, the production of synthetic derivatives that could suffice for the clinical limitations of these naturally occurring compounds is not economically feasible. These challenges demanded continuous devotions towards improving the druggability of these drugs and continue to seek structure-optimization strategies. The discovery of renewable sources including microbial origin for podophyllotoxin is another possible approach. This review focuses on the exigency of innovation and research required in the global R&D and pharmaceutical industry for podophyllotoxin and related compounds based on recent scientific findings and market predictions.
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Nguyen Thi QG, Le-Nhat-Thuy G, Dang Thi TA, Hoang Thi P, Nguyen Tuan A, Nguyen Thi TH, Nguyen TT, Nguyen Ha T, Hoang Mai H, Nguyen TV. Synthesis of novel potent cytotoxicy podophyllotoxin-naphthoquinone compounds via microwave-assited multicomponent domino reactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 37:127841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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