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Jia Y, Wang Z, Liang X, Tu C, Khalifa I, Wang C, Zhu Y, Chen H, Hu L, Li C. Unlocking the potential of persimmons: A comprehensive review on emerging technologies for post-harvest challenges, processing innovations, and prospective applications. Food Chem 2024; 459:140344. [PMID: 38991450 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Persimmons are widely acknowledged as a valuable source of both medicinal and nutritional components, providing a diverse spectrum of nutrients and phytochemicals. Despite these benefits, biases against persimmons persists due to their characteristic astringent flavor that sets them apart from other fruits. Although several studies have explored various aspects of persimmons, a comprehensive review that addresses post-harvest challenges, processing innovations, and potential applications is notably absent in the literature. This review aims to fill this gap by discussing a range of topics, including emerging preservation technologies, methods for detecting and eliminating astringency, identification of functional elements, health-promoting prospects, and advancements in processed persimmon products. The primary objective is to enhance the utilization of persimmons and promote the development of diverse, customized products, thereby fostering the emergence of functional and futuristic foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Jia
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xinhong Liang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Cunjian Tu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ibrahim Khalifa
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736, Egypt; Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chuang Wang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yingheng Zhu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Lanlan Hu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Wang R, Shi X, Li K, Bunker A, Li C. Activity and potential mechanisms of action of persimmon tannins according to their structures: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:125120. [PMID: 37263329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One distinguishing feature of the persimmon, that differentiates it from other fruits, is its high proanthocyanidins content, known as persimmon tannin (PT). Despite the poor absorption of PT in the small intestine, results from animal studies demonstrate that PT has many health benefits. Our goal in this review is to summarize the literature that elucidates the relationship between PT structure and activity. In addition, we also summarize the potential mechanisms underlying the health benefits that result from PT consumption; this includes the hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiradiation, antibacterial and antiviral, detoxification effects on snake venom, and the absorption of heavy metals and dyes. Studies show that PT is a structurally distinct proanthocyanidins that exhibits a high degree of polymerization. It is galloylation-rich and possesses unique A-type interflavan linkages in addition to the more common B-type interflavan bonds. Thus, PT is converted into oligomeric proanthocyanidins by depolymerization strategies, including the nucleophilic substitution reaction, acid hydrolysis, and hydrogenolysis. In addition, multiple health benefits exerted by PT mainly involve the inactivation of lipogenic and intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways, activation of the fatty acid oxidation signaling pathway, regulation of gut microbiota, and highly absorptive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xin Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Alex Bunker
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Zhang Y, Li CM. The detoxifying effects of structural elements of persimmon tannin on Chinese cobra phospholipase A 2 correlated with their structural disturbing effects well. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:731-740. [PMID: 28911659 PMCID: PMC9328822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of persimmon tannin (PT) characteristic structural elements on Naja atra phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-induced lethality, myotoxicity, and hemolysis in mice models were determined. In addition, methods including surface plasmon resonance, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were explored to uncover the possible detoxifying mechanisms of PT on snake venom PLA2. Our results revealed that PT characteristic elements (EGCG, ECG, A-type EGCG dimer, and A-type ECG dimer) could neutralize the lethality, myotoxicity, and hemolysis of PLA2. Moreover, the detoxifying effects of the four structural elements correlated with their structural disturbing effects well. Our results proved that A-type EGCG dimer and A-type ECG dimer may be structural requirements for the detoxifying effects of PT. We propose that the high affinity of A-type EGCG dimer and A-type ECG dimer for PLA2 and the considerable spatial structural disturbance of PLA2 induced by the dimers may be responsible for their antilethality, antimyotoxicity, and antihemolysis on Chinese cobra PLA2in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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Both non-covalent and covalent interactions were involved in the mechanism of detoxifying effects of persimmon tannin on Chinese cobra PLA 2. Fitoterapia 2017; 120:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cao H, Yi Y. Study on the interaction of chromate with bovine serum albumin by spectroscopic method. Biometals 2017; 30:529-539. [PMID: 28523598 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between two chromates [sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) and potassium chromate K2CrO4)] and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in physiological buffer (pH 7.4) was investigated by the fluorescence quenching technique. The results of fluorescence titration revealed that two chromates could strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA through a static quenching procedure. The apparent binding constants K and number of binding sites n of chromate with BSA were obtained by the fluorescence quenching method. The thermodynamic parameters enthalpy change (ΔH), entropy change (ΔS) were negative, indicating that the interaction of two chromates with BSA was driven mainly by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. The process of binding was a spontaneous process in which Gibbs free energy change was negative. The distance r between donor (BSA) and acceptor (chromate) was calculated based on Forster's non-radiative energy transfer theory. The results of UV-Vis absorption, synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that two chromates induced conformational changes of BSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Cao
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yanli Yi
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Plundrich N, Lila MA, Foegeding E, Laster S. Protein-bound polyphenols create "ghost" band artifacts during chemiluminescence-based antigen detection. F1000Res 2017; 6:254. [PMID: 28721200 PMCID: PMC5497812 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.10622.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen detection during Western blotting commonly utilizes a horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary antibody and enhanced chemiluminescent substrate. We utilized this technique to examine the impact of green tea-derived polyphenols on the binding of egg white protein-specific IgE antibodies from allergic human plasma to their cognate antigens. Our experiments unexpectedly showed that green tea-derived polyphenols, when stably complexed with egg white proteins, caused “ghost” band formation in the presence of horseradish peroxide. This study suggests that caution should be taken when evaluating polyphenol-bound proteins by enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting using horseradish peroxidase and demonstrates that protein-bound polyphenols can be a source of “ghost” band artifacts on Western blots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Plundrich
- Plants for Human Health Institute , North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute , North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edward Foegeding
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott Laster
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
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Plundrich NJ, Bansode RR, Foegeding EA, Williams LL, Lila MA. Protein-bound Vaccinium fruit polyphenols decrease IgE binding to peanut allergens and RBL-2H3 mast cell degranulation in vitro. Food Funct 2017; 8:1611-1621. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peanut allergy is a worldwide health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie J. Plundrich
- Plants for Human Health Institute
- Department of Food
- Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences
- North Carolina State University
- Kannapolis
| | - Rishipal R. Bansode
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
- Kannapolis
- USA
| | - E. Allen Foegeding
- Department of Food
- Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Leonard L. Williams
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
- Kannapolis
- USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute
- Department of Food
- Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences
- North Carolina State University
- Kannapolis
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Tsujita T. Persimmon-Tannin, an α-Amylase Inhibitor, Retards Carbohydrate Absorption in Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2016; 62:192-7. [PMID: 27465726 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.62.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes play an important role in controlling postprandial blood glucose levels. Thus the effect of persimmon tannin on pancreatic α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase has been investigated. Persimmon tannin inhibits pancreatic α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase in a concentration-dependent manner with the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) for amylase, maltase and sucrase being 1.7 μg/mL, 632 μg/mL and 308 μg/mL, respectively. The effect of persimmon-tannin extract on carbohydrate absorption in rats has also been investigated. Oral administration of persimmon tannin to normal rats fed cornstarch (2 g/kg body weight) significantly suppressed the increase in blood glucose levels and the area under the curve (AUC) after starch loading in a dose-dependent manner. The effective dose of persimmon tannin required to achieve 50% suppression of the rise in blood glucose level was estimated to be 300 mg/kg body weight. Administration of persimmon tannin to rats fed maltose or sucrose delayed the increase of blood glucose level and slightly suppressed AUC, but not significantly. These results suggest that persimmon tannin retards absorption of carbohydrate and reduces post-prandial hyperglycemia mainly through inhibition of α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tsujita
- Division of Analytical Bio-medicine, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University
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Feliciano RP, Krueger CG, Reed JD. Methods to determine effects of cranberry proanthocyanidins on extraintestinal infections: Relevance for urinary tract health. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1292-306. [PMID: 25917127 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most frequent extraintestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli (ExPEC). Cranberry juice has been used for decades to alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrent UTI. The putative compounds in cranberries are proanthocyanidins (PAC), specifically PAC with "A-type" bonds. Since PAC are not absorbed, their health benefits in UTI may occur through interactions at the mucosal surface in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent research showed that higher agglutination of ExPEC and reduced bacterial invasion are correlated with higher number of "A-type" bonds and higher degree of polymerization of PAC. An understanding of PAC structure-activity relationship is becoming feasible due to advancements, not only in obtaining purified PAC fractions that allow accurate estimation, but also in high-resolution MS methodologies, specifically, MALDI-TOF MS. A recent MALDI-TOF MS deconvolution method allows quantification of the ratios of "A-type" to "B-type" bonds enabling characteristic fingerprints. Moreover, the generation of fluorescently labeled PAC allows visualization of the interaction between ExPEC and PAC with microscopy. These tools can be used to establish structure-activity relationships between PAC and UTI and give insight on the mechanism of action of these compounds in the gut without being absorbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo P Feliciano
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christian G Krueger
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
| | - Jess D Reed
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
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Yoshida EH, Ferraz MC, Tribuiani N, Silva Tavares RVD, Cogo JC, dos Santos MG, Franco LM, Dal-Belo CA, De Grandis RA, Resende FA, Varanda EA, Puebla P, San-Feliciano A, Groppo FC, Oshima-Franco Y. Evaluation of the Safety of Three Phenolic Compounds from <i>Dipteryx alata</i> Vogel with Antiophidian Potential. Chin Med 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2015.61001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Biophysical studies of interaction between hydrolysable tannins isolated from Oenothera gigas and Geranium sanguineum with human serum albumin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:623-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang Y, Zhong L, Zhou B, Chen JY, Li CM. Interaction of characteristic structural elements of persimmon tannin with Chinese cobra PLA2. Toxicon 2013; 74:34-43. [PMID: 23916601 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To more fully understand the mechanism by which persimmon tannin (PT) inhibited phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the structural requirements of PT for the inhibition, the interactions between PLA2 and seven characteristic structural elements of PT including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), myricetin, epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epicatechin-3-gallate-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epicatechin-3-gallate (A-type ECG dimer), epigallocatechin-3-gallate-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (A-type EGCG dimer), epicatechin-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epicatechin (A-type EC dimer) and epicatechin-(4β → 8)-epicatechin (B-type EC dimer) were studied by enzymatic and spectroscopic methods. Molecular docking was also used to explore the possible residues involved in the interactions. The results revealed that A-type EGCG dimer and A-type ECG dimer showed higher inhibitory effects on the catalytic activity of PLA2 than monomers and B-type dimer. They induced greater conformational changes in PLA2 than other structural elements. In addition, molecular docking studies revealed that expect for lysine residues, other residues such as Trp18, Try27, Gly29, His47 and Tyr63 were involved in the interactions. We propose that A-type EGCG and ECG dimer units may be structural requirements for the interaction between PT and PLA2. Our data provide an additional structural basis for anti-PLA2 activity of persimmon tannin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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