1
|
Weldemichael DM, Zhou K, Su SJ, Zhao L, Marchisio MA, Bureik M. Futile cycling by human microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes within intact fission yeast cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108791. [PMID: 33592181 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs or P450s) are known to be reduced by their electron transfer partners in the absence of substrate and in turn to reduce other acceptor molecules such as molecular oxygen, thereby creating superoxide anions (O2-•). This process is known as futile cycling. Using our previously established fission yeast expression system we have monitored cells expressing each one of the 50 human microsomal CYPs in the absence of substrate for oxidation of dihydroethidium in living cells by flow cytometry. It was found that 38 of these display a statistically significant increase in O2-• production. More specifically, cells expressing some CYPs were found to be intermediate strength O2-• producers, which means that their effect was comparable to that of treatment with 3 mM H2O2. Cells expressing other CYPs had an even stronger effect, with those expressing CYP2B6, CYP5A1, CYP2A13, CYP51A1, or CYP1A2, respectively, being the strongest producers of O2-•.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawit M Weldemichael
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Shi-Jia Su
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Mario Andrea Marchisio
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Matthias Bureik
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sathiyanathan P, Samsonraj RM, Tan CLL, Ling L, Lezhava A, Nurcombe V, Stanton LW, Cool SM. A genomic biomarker that identifies human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high scalability. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1124-1136. [PMID: 32510174 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although the application of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to repair damaged or diseased tissues has proven relatively effective, both the donor-to-donor variability in ex vivo expansion rates and the maintenance of stemness remain a bottleneck to widespread translation. Previous work from this laboratory stratified donors into those yielding hMSCs with high- or low-growth capacity; global transcriptomic analysis revealed that high-growth-capacity hMSCs were characterized by a loss of the gene encoding glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1). These GSTT1-null hMSCs demonstrated increased proliferative rates, clonogenic potential, and longer telomeres compared with low-growth capacity hMSCs that were GSTT1-positive. Thus, this study identifies GSTT1 as a novel genomic DNA biomarker for hMSC scalability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padmapriya Sathiyanathan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Rebekah M Samsonraj
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Clarissa L L Tan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Ling Ling
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Alexander Lezhava
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Lawrence W Stanton
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Simon M Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Zhang S, Yan D, Pan H, Liu B, Li T, Wang X, Cai W, Wang B. Carrying the T Allele of the SNP rs574344, an eQTL of GSTM1, Contributes to Longevity in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 23:12-15. [PMID: 30589570 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been recent recognition that the GSTM1 gene is associated with successful aging and longevity. It has been hypothesized that individuals with a GSTM1 deletion are at a greater risk for developing a plethora of diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the association between the rs574344 single nucleotide polymorphism, an expression quantitative trait locus of GSTM1, and longevity in the Han Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a case-control study that comprised 526 long-lived subjects (>97 years of age) and 783 younger subjects (aged 19-80 years) from the general population who served as controls. Identification of the genotypes of rs574344 was accomplished by combining polymerase chain reaction with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS The long-lived study population, when compared with the controls, showed a significantly higher frequency of the T/T genotype and the T allele of rs574344. We determined that the T/T genotype is associated with a longer lifespan (OR = 5.972, 95% CI 1.798-19.833, p = 0.001, for all genders; p = 0.006 adjusted by gender). We also observed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the distribution of alleles and genotypes in both the male group (TT vs. TA, OR = 1.043, 95% CI 1.022-1.067, p = 0.043) and the female group (TT vs. TA, OR = 3.592, 95% CI 0.982-13.147, p = 0.039) Conclusion: We found significant associations between both the T allele and the T/T genotype of rs574344 with longevity in the Han Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Siyang Zhang
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Dongjing Yan
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Hong Pan
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Beihong Liu
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Tengyan Li
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Xianshou Wang
- 4 Laboratory of Biotechnology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Wangwei Cai
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- 3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valenzano DR, Benayoun BA, Singh PP, Zhang E, Etter PD, Hu CK, Clément-Ziza M, Willemsen D, Cui R, Harel I, Machado BE, Yee MC, Sharp SC, Bustamante CD, Beyer A, Johnson EA, Brunet A. The African Turquoise Killifish Genome Provides Insights into Evolution and Genetic Architecture of Lifespan. Cell 2016; 163:1539-54. [PMID: 26638078 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lifespan is a remarkably diverse trait ranging from a few days to several hundred years in nature, but the mechanisms underlying the evolution of lifespan differences remain elusive. Here we de novo assemble a reference genome for the naturally short-lived African turquoise killifish, providing a unique resource for comparative and experimental genomics. The identification of genes under positive selection in this fish reveals potential candidates to explain its compressed lifespan. Several aging genes are under positive selection in this short-lived fish and long-lived species, raising the intriguing possibility that the same gene could underlie evolution of both compressed and extended lifespans. Comparative genomics and linkage analysis identify candidate genes associated with lifespan differences between various turquoise killifish strains. Remarkably, these genes are clustered on the sex chromosome, suggesting that short lifespan might have co-evolved with sex determination. Our study provides insights into the evolutionary forces that shape lifespan in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elisa Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Paul D Etter
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Chi-Kuo Hu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | | | - David Willemsen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Rongfeng Cui
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Itamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Ben E Machado
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Muh-Ching Yee
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Sabrina C Sharp
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Andreas Beyer
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Eric A Johnson
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA; Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Topic A, Malic Z, Francuski D, Stankovic M, Markovic B, Soskic B, Tomic B, Ilic S, Dobrivojevic S, Drca S, Radojkovic D. Gender-related differences in susceptibility to oxidative stress in healthy middle-aged Serbian adults. Biomarkers 2016; 21:186-93. [PMID: 26754535 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1126647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Gender-related differences in the association between polymorphism of xenobiotic-metabolising enzymes or non-genetic biomarkers and susceptibility to oxidative stress was assessed in healthy middle-aged Serbian adults, by urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG/creatinine) and total antioxidant status in serum (TAOS). Females were more susceptible to oxidative stress. In both genders, positive predictor of the antioxidative protection was serum triglyceride, while BMI <25 kg/m(2) was associated with oxidative stress. Susceptibility to oxidative stress in males was associated with GSTT1*null allele and increased serum iron, but in females, it was decreased serum bilirubin. Early identification of the risk factors could be important in the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Topic
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Zivka Malic
- b Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Bijeljina , Bijeljina , Bosnia & Herzegovina
| | - Djordje Francuski
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Marija Stankovic
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Bojan Markovic
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Blagoje Soskic
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Branko Tomic
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Stefan Ilic
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Snezana Dobrivojevic
- e Clinical Chemical Laboratory, Health Centre , "Stari Grad", Belgrade , Serbia , and
| | - Sanja Drca
- f Clinical Chemical Laboratory, General Hospital , Pancevo , Serbia
| | - Dragica Radojkovic
- c Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu X, Liang X, Hu G, Zhang J, Lei H. Renal function and klotho gene polymorphisms among Uygur and Kazak populations in Xinjiang, China. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:44-51. [PMID: 25556925 PMCID: PMC4292765 DOI: 10.12659/msm.891213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of genetic polymorphisms of klotho gene with aging has not been thoroughly examined. Previous studies showed that longevity in the Uygurs was considerably greater than in Kazaks in Xinjiang. This study aimed to investigate the difference of renal function and Klotho gene polymorphisms between Kazak and Uygur normal populations in Xinjiang, China. MATERIAL/METHODS A total of 249 Uygur and 386 Kazak clinically normal subjects were included in this study. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1207568, rs564481, rs9527025, and rs9536314) of the klotho gene were genotyped using the ABI SNaPshot method. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the Chinese simplified MDRD equation. RESULTS There were significant differences between Kazak and Uygur healthy populations in both allele frequencies and genotype distributions in rs9527025 and rs9536314 (P<0.05, respectively). When the subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the genotypes of the klotho gene polymorphism, in the GA+AA genotype distributions of the rs1207568, the differences I serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate between the Kazak and Uygur groups were statistically significant (P<0.05, respectively). In CC genotype of rs564481, serum creatinine was significantly higher in Kazaks compared with Uygurs (P<0.05). In GG genotype of rs9527025, serum creatinine was significantly higher in the Kazak group compared with the Uygur group (P<0.05), as well as in CG+CC genotype of rs9527025 (P<0.05). Serum creatinine was significantly higher in the Kazak group compared with the Uygur group in TT genotype of rs9536314 (P<0.05), as was GT+GG genotype of rs9536314. Haplotype analysis indicated that the frequencies of ACGT, GTGT, and GCCG haplotypes were significantly different between Kazak and Uygur healthy populations (P=0.04, P=0.018, P=0.000, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in klotho gene rs9527025 and rs9536314 polymorphisms were found between the Uygur and Kazak populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Xu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Guangmei Hu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kozovyi RV, Podolska SV, Gorovenko NG. The frequency of alleles in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes involved in phase II of xenobiotic transformation in long-lived people of subcarpathia. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s207905701402009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
8
|
Ruiz JR, Fiuza-Luces C, Buxens A, Cano-Nieto A, Gómez-Gallego F, Santiago C, Rodríguez-Romo G, Garatachea N, Lao JI, Morán M, Lucia A. Are centenarians genetically predisposed to lower disease risk? AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:1269-1283. [PMID: 21894447 PMCID: PMC3448993 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Our study purpose was to compare a disease-related polygenic profile that combined a total of 62 genetic variants among (i) people reaching exceptional longevity, i.e., centenarians (n = 54, 100-108 years, 48 women) and (ii) ethnically matched healthy controls (n = 87, 19-43 years, 47 women). We computed a 'global' genotype score (GS) for 62 genetic variants (mutations/polymorphisms) related to cardiometabolic diseases, cancer or exceptional longevity, and also specific GS for main disease categories (cardiometabolic risk and cancer risk, including 36 and 24 genetic variations, respectively) and for exceptional longevity (7 genetic variants). The 'global' GS was similar among groups (centenarians: 31.0 ± 0.6; controls 32.0 ± 0.5, P = 0.263). We observed that the GS for hypertension, cancer (global risk), and other types of cancer was lower in the centenarians group compared with the control group (all P < 0.05), yet the difference became non significant after adjusting for sex. We observed significant between-group differences in the frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 (presence/absence) genotypes after adjusting for multiple comparisons. The likelihood of having the GSTT1 low-risk (functional) allele was higher in centenarians (odds ratio [OR] 5.005; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.810-13.839), whereas the likelihood of having the GSTMI low-risk (functional) allele was similar in both groups (OR 1.295; 95% CI, 0.868 -1.931). In conclusion, we found preliminary evidence that Spanish centenarians have a lower genetic predisposition for cancer risk. The wild-type (i.e., functional) genotype of GSTT1, which is associated with lower cancer risk, might be associated with exceptional longevity, yet further studies with larger sample sizes must confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Bonafè M, Olivieri F. Genetic polymorphism in long-lived people: cues for the presence of an insulin/IGF-pathway-dependent network affecting human longevity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 299:118-23. [PMID: 19027825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Longevity in yeast, nematodes, fruit flies and mice is affected by mutations in the insulin/IGF-1 or homologous pathways. Studies on long-living people revealed some associations between genetic variants of the insulin/IGF-1 pathway and longevity. Here, we review such investigations, and we will report human longevity association studies regarding the variability of genes which modulate lifespan in model organisms by interacting with the insulin/IGF-1 pathway. These studies will be presented in three groups: (1) insulin/IGF-1 pathway transcriptional target, superoxide dismutase 2, heat shock protein, cytochrome p450 isoenzymes, glutathione transferases; (2) insulin/IGF-1 pathway accessory transduction proteins H-Ras, p66Shc; and (3) longevity pathways that converge on the insulin/IGF-1 pathway (Klotho, p53, Sirtuins, TGF-beta). The data reported support the notion that the insulin/IGF-1 pathway drives an evolutionarily conserved network that regulates lifespan and affects longevity across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Bonafè
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, (CRBA), St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Over the last two decades, aging research has expanded to include not only age-related disease models, and conversely, longevity and disease-free models, but also focuses on biological mechanisms related to the aging process. By viewing aging on multiple research frontiers, we are rapidly expanding knowledge as a whole and mapping connections between biological processes and particular age-related diseases that emerge. This is perhaps most true in the field of genetics, where variation across individuals has improved our understanding of aging mechanisms, etiology of age-related disease, and prediction of therapeutic responses. A close partnership between gerontologists, epidemiologists, and geneticists is needed to take full advantage of emerging genome information and technology and bring about a new age for biological aging research. Here we review current genetic findings for aging across both disease-specific and aging process domains. We then highlight the limitations of most work to date in terms of study design, genomic information, and trait modeling and focus on emerging technology and future directions that can partner genetic epidemiology and aging research fields to best take advantage of the rapid discoveries in each.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Daniele Fallin
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Imyanitov EN. Use of elderly tumor-free subjects as a “supercontrol” for cancer epidemiological studies: pros and cons. Mech Ageing Dev 2009; 130:122-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
13
|
Pérez-Cadahía B, Laffon B, Valdiglesias V, Pásaro E, Méndez J. Cytogenetic effects induced by Prestige oil on human populations: the role of polymorphisms in genes involved in metabolism and DNA repair. Mutat Res 2008; 653:117-23. [PMID: 18495522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The spill from the oil tanker Prestige (NW Spain, November 2002) was perhaps the biggest ecological disaster that happened worldwide in the last decades. As a consequence of this catastrophe a general concern led to a huge mobilization of human and technical resources. Given that no information was reported in the scientific literature regarding to the chronic repercussions to human health of exposure to oil spills, a pilot study was performed by our group revealing some increased genotoxic effects in the subjects exposed to the oil during cleaning activities. Due to the seriousness of the results, we extended our study comprising a larger population and including an extensive evaluation of the main polymorphic sites in metabolizing and DNA-repair genes. General increases in micronucleus (MN) frequency and decreases in the proliferation index were observed in individuals with longer time of exposure. Age was a significant predictor of MN frequency. CYP1A1 3'-UTR, EPHX1 codons 113 and 139, GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 metabolic polymorphisms, and XRCC3 codon 241 and XPD codon 751 repair polymorphisms influenced cytogenetic damage levels. In view of these results, it seems essential to pay more attention to the chronic human health effects of exposure to oil and to focus new studies on such a relevant but overlooked public health field that involves a large number of people all over the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pérez-Cadahía
- Psychobiology Department, University of A Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pérez-Cadahía B, Valdiglesias V, Pásaro E, Méndez J, Laffon B. Genetic Polymorphism in Cytochrome P450 1B1 in a Spanish Population. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 101:70-2. [PMID: 17577319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Pérez-Cadahía B, Lafuente A, Cabaleiro T, Pásaro E, Méndez J, Laffon B. Initial study on the effects of Prestige oil on human health. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2007; 33:176-85. [PMID: 17055056 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 04/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The big oil tanker Prestige wrecked at 130 miles from the coast of Galicia, on the Northwest of Spain, in November 19, 2002. During the accident over 40,000 tons of oil were spilled, and along the next weeks 22,000 more reached the shore in the way of three black tides. A great number of people participated in the cleaning tasks. The objective of this study was to initially evaluate the damage caused by Prestige oil in exposed individuals both from the cytogenetic and the endocrine points of view. Exposure level was determined by analysing volatile organic compounds in the environment and heavy metals in blood. Cytogenetic damage was determined by sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), and plasmatic prolactin and cortisol levels were used as biomarkers of endocrine toxicity. Finally we have determined the possible influence of GST genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms, GSTP1 Ala105Val) on the evaluated effects. The exposed population was classified according to the performed cleaning tasks in three groups: volunteers that collaborated for 1 week (N=25), hired manual workers (N=20) and hired high-pressure cleaner workers (N=23). The control population consisted of 42 individuals. Exposure to Prestige oil caused cytogenetic damage in exposed individuals, being its effect influenced by age, sex, tobacco consumption and GSTM1 polymorphism. With regard to endocrine toxicity, our results showed that xenobiotics present in Prestige oil induced alterations in hormonal status, and thus it may be considered as an endocrine disruptor. Therefore, the selected parameters have shown to be good indicators of toxicity related to exposure to Prestige oil. In addition, data obtained point to the importance of using protective devices in preventing the effects related to the exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pérez-Cadahía
- Toxicology Unit, University of A Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071-A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Capoluongo E, Almadori G, Concolino P, Bussu F, Santonocito C, Vendittelli F, Galli J, Zuppi C, Ameglio F, Paludetti G, Giardina B. GSTT1 and GSTM1 allelic polymorphisms in head and neck cancer patients from Italian Lazio Region. Clin Chim Acta 2006; 376:174-8. [PMID: 17005168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 08/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and allelic variants of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and -T1 (GSTT1) is currently controversial. The present study investigates the prevalences of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphism in a cohort of 100 head and neck cancer patients, 100 healthy donors and 200 controls with non-neoplastic head and neck diseases from Italian Lazio Region. METHODS The patients with benign head and neck pathologies, as well as the healthy donors were matched for age, sex, cigarette smoke (yes/no) and alcohol consumption (yes/no). Molecular definition of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotype has been performed by means of allele-specific PCR technique. RESULTS A significant association between head and neck cancer and GSTM1 null genotype was observed both considering benign disease controls (p=0.001, OR=2.613; 95% C.I.=1.48-4.62), and healthy donors (p=0.0003, OR=3.35; 95% C.I. 1.69-6.67) while no significant association was found with GSTT1 null genotype (p>or=0.14). No interactive association was observed when combining the different genotypes of the two polymorphisms. These results were confirmed after correction for daily number of cigarettes and period of tobacco exposure. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms a role for genetic alterations of GSTM1 detoxifying enzyme as a risk factor for the development of HNSCC in patients from the Italian Lazio Region, independently of age, sex and other confounding variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry-Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Christiansen L, Brasch-Andersen C, Bathum L, Kruse TA, Christensen K. A longitudinal study of the effect of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene copy number on survival. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:597-9. [PMID: 16574194 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2005] [Revised: 02/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Deletions of the glutathione S-transferase superfamily genes GSTT1 and GSTM1 has been associated with oxidative stress related diseases and recently explored as factors implicated in longevity as well. Reported results have been conflicting, which may partially be caused by the traditional use of assays unable to discriminate between carriers of one or two functional genes. Using a quantitative realtime PCR method facilitating quantification of gene copy number, we evaluated the influence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene deletions on longevity in a longitudinal study of 681 elderly Danish twins. The mean follow-up time was 7.6 years and during this time a total of 294 deaths occurred. The results demonstrated a non-significant trend for carriage of two copies of the GSTM1 functional gene to be a protective factor, whereas both heterozygosity and homozygosity for the GSTT1 functional gene was associated with a moderate but significant increased mortality in women (hazard rate 2.46 (CI95: 1.43-4.23) and 2.22 (CI95: 1.25-3.94) for one and two alleles, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study exploring the influence of GST gene polymorphisms on longevity and these data implies that GST gene copy numbers do affect mortality risk in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Christiansen
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wilding CS, Rees GS, Relton CL, Tawn EJ. Genotype profiles of loci encoding DNA repair enzymes in newborn and elderly populations: no evidence of association with longevity. Biogerontology 2006; 7:35-41. [PMID: 16518718 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-005-6042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The comparison of genotype frequencies between neonates and elderly populations can aid in the identification of loci, and polymorphisms within those loci, that affect longevity. Here we have compared genotype frequencies of seven polymorphisms at four loci involved in DNA repair between a cohort of newborns (n = 290) and a retired population (average age at sampling 70.02 years; n = 430) who have suffered a lifetime of DNA damage from normal, metabolic processes, and on whom selection on DNA repair gene variants may be expected to have acted. No differences in genotype frequencies at the four SNP loci were seen, indicating that there is no evidence of association with longevity in this population. Significant differences in frequency of certain repeat sizes at three microsatellite loci were detected. However, since there is no known functional consequence of these repeat lengths, the action of selection cannot yet be ascribed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Wilding
- Genetics Department, Westlakes Research Institute, Westlakes Science and Technology Park, CA24 3JY, Moor Row, Cumbria, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Neri M, Filiberti R, Taioli E, Garte S, Paracchini V, Bolognesi C, Canessa PA, Fontana V, Ivaldi GP, Verna A, Bonassi S, Puntoni R. Pleural malignant mesothelioma, genetic susceptibility and asbestos exposure. Mutat Res 2005; 592:36-44. [PMID: 15993904 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pleural malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare but extremely aggressive cancer. The limited impact of standard therapeutic treatments on survival rates makes the identification of factors that increase the individual risk a leading priority. The high proportion of cases explained by exposure to asbestos has guided intervention policies to an effective ban of this compound from our environment. However, MM cannot be solely attributed to this agent, and the role of predisposing factors and their interaction with asbestos exposure is increasingly studied. The role of mEH, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2, and CYP1A1 genotypes in modulating susceptibility to MM was examined in a case-control study of 80 subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of MM and 255 controls. Subjects with low mEH activity showed a significantly increased risk of MM (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.11-5.68). The association was stronger in the group with low asbestos exposure (OR, 7.83; 95% CI, 0.98-62.60). A significant increased risk of MM was also found in NAT2 fast acetylators (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.02-2.96). The presence of synergisms between genotypes, i.e., mEH and NAT2 (LRT for heterogeneity p<0.023), mEH and GSTM1 (LRT p<0.061), and NAT2 and GSTM1 (LRT p<0.049), combined with the interaction observed with exposure to asbestos, suggests the presence of gene-environment and gene-gene interactions in the development of MM, although the size of the study group does not allow to draw clearcut conclusions. Since genetic polymorphisms can also modify the extent of genetic damage occurring in subjects exposed to carcinogens, we measured the frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of a subgroup of MM cases. The limited number of cases (28) did not allow to observe significant effects. In conclusion, these results strengthen the hypothesis that individual susceptibility to MM can be modulated by the interaction between polymorphic genes involved in the metabolism and the intensity of asbestos exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neri
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Research Institute, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pesch B, Brüning T, Frentzel-Beyme R, Johnen G, Harth V, Hoffmann W, Ko Y, Ranft U, Traugott UG, Thier R, Taeger D, Bolt HM. Challenges to environmental toxicology and epidemiology: where do we stand and which way do we go? Toxicol Lett 2004; 151:255-66. [PMID: 15177661 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Modern toxicology investigates a wide array of both old and new health hazards. Priority setting is needed to select agents for research from the plethora of exposure circumstances. The changing societies and a growing fraction of the aged have to be taken into consideration. A precise exposure assessment is of importance for risk estimation and regulation. Toxicology contributes to the exploration of pathomechanisms to specify the exposure metrics for risk estimation. Combined effects of co-existing agents are not yet sufficiently understood. Animal experiments allow a separate administration of agents which can not be disentangled by epidemiological means, but their value is limited for low exposure levels in many of today's settings. As an experimental science, toxicology has to keep pace with the rapidly growing knowledge about the language of the genome and the changing paradigms in cancer development. During the pioneer era of assembling a working draft of the human genome, toxicogenomics has been developed. Gene and pathway complexity have to be considered when investigating gene-environment interactions. For a best conduct of studies, modern toxicology needs a close liaison with many other disciplines like epidemiology and bioinformatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Pesch
- Berufsgenossenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut für Arbeitsmedizin, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|