1
|
Camele I, Mohamed AA, Ibrahim AA, Elshafie HS. Biochemical Characterization and Disease Control Efficacy of Pleurotus eryngii-Derived Chitosan-An In Vivo Study against Monilinia laxa, the Causal Agent of Plum Brown Rot. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2598. [PMID: 39339573 PMCID: PMC11435330 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Chitin (Ct) is a crucial biopolymer present in fungi, algae, arthropods, and is usually obtained from crustacean shells. Chitosan (Cs) is a derivative from Ct deacetylation, and possesses numerous uses in various agro-industrial fields. Research on fungal-derived Ct and Cs is mostly focused on pharmaceutical uses, however their uses for plant disease control remain less explored. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the possibility of using chitosan obtained from mushroom Pleurotus eryngii (Cs-Pe) for controlling some phytopathogens compared to commercial chitosan (C.Cs). This study is focused on the following key areas: (i) extracting Ct from P. eryngii mycelium and converting it to Cs through deacetylation, using both bleaching and non-bleaching methods; (ii) conducting a physico-chemical characterization and in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the obtained Cs; (iii) performing an in vivo assessment of the phytotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Cs; and (iv) investigating in vivo the impact of the studied chitosan on fruit quality and its biocontrol efficacy against Monilinia laxa infections in plum fruits. Results showed that Cs-Pe, especially the unbleached one, displayed promising in vitro antimicrobial activity against the majority of tested pathogens. Regarding the cytotoxicity, the highest significant increase in cell abnormality percentage was observed in the case of C.Cs compared to Cs-Pe. In the in vivo study, Cs-Pe acted as a protective barrier, lowering and/or preventing moisture loss and firmness of treated plums. The studied Cs-Pe demonstrated notable efficacy against M. laxa which decreased the fruits' percentage decline. These results strongly suggest that Cs derived from P. eryngii is a potential candidate for increasing plums' shelf-life. This research shed light on the promising applications of P. eryngii-derived Cs in the agri-food field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ippolito Camele
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (DAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Amira A Mohamed
- Department of Basic Science, Zagazig Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amira A Ibrahim
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Al-Arish 45511, Egypt
| | - Hazem S Elshafie
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (DAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Darwesh OM, Matter IA, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Al-Qahtani WH, El-Tayeb MA, Kodous AS, Aufy M. Development of nanocomposite-selenium filter for water disinfection and bioremediation of wastewater from Hg and AgNPs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21443. [PMID: 39271750 PMCID: PMC11399127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are used in several sectors as antitumor, antimicrobial, and environmental adsorbents. Thus, the present research objective was the production of bacterial-SeNPs as an active and environmentally-friendly antibacterial and adsorbent agents and application into novel nanocomposite filter. From a total of 25 samples (soil, wastewater, and water) obtained from different locations in Egypt, 60 selenium-resistant bacterial isolates were obtained (on a mineral salt medium supplemented with selenium ions). After screening (based on the conversion of selenium from ionic form to nanoform), a superior bacterial isolate for SeNPs formation was obtained and molecular identified as Bacillus pumilus isolate OR431753. The high yield of SeNPs was noted after optimization (glucose as carbon source, pH 9 at 30 °C). The produced SeNPs were characterized as approximately 15 nm-diameter spherical nanoparticles, in addition to the presence of organic substances around these particles like polysaccharides and aromatic amines (protein residues). Also, they have antibacterial activity increased after formation of nanocomposite with nano-chitosan (SeNPs/NCh) against several pathogens. The antibacterial activity (expressed as a diameter of the inhibitory zone) averaged between 2.1 and 4.3, 2.7 and 4.8 cm for SeNPs and SeNPs/NCh, respectively compared with 1.1 to 1.8 cm for Amoxicillin. The produced nanoselenium/chitosan was used as a biofilter to remove mercury (Hg) and AgNPs as model chemicals with serious toxicity and potential pollutant for water bodies in many industries. The new SeNPs/NCh biofilter has proven highly effective in individually removing mercury and AgNPs from their synthetic wastewaters, with an efficiency of up to 99%. Moreover, the removal efficiency of AgNPs stabilized at 99% after treating them with the syringe filter-Se nanocomposite for 4 cycles of treatment (5 min each).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim A Matter
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 270677, 11352, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El-Tayeb
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Kodous
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38, Sardar Patel Road, P.O. Box 600036, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohammed Aufy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ait Hamdan Y, Ait Baba A, Azraida H, Kabdy H, Oudadesse H, Chait A, Rhazi M. In vivo evaluation by oral administration of chitosan combined with bioactive glass against cadmium-induced toxicity in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133845. [PMID: 39004258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive glass and chitosan are biomaterials widely used for orthopedic applications, notably as bone grafts. Although these biomaterials show promising therapeutic properties, no research has yet examined their potential for oral administration in soft tissue protection, particularly against metal toxicity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential of chitosan from cuttlefish (CHS) bone combined with bioactive glass (BG) against Cadmium-induced toxicity in rats. Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal that accumulates in tissues, causes various disorders. Experiments were carried out on rats intoxicated acutely by oral administration of Cd (20 mg/kg body weight) and/or concomitantly with oral administration of CHS/BG (100 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Using pathophysiological and biochemical tests, we evaluated the detoxifying effect of orally administered CHS/BG against Cd toxicity. Our results showed, for the first time, a significant detoxifying effect of CHS/BG against Cd-induced toxicity in rats. Treatment with CHS/BG protected rats against the harmful effects of Cd by reducing lipid peroxidation levels and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities. In addition, it helped restore phosphocalcic balance and protect liver, kidney and brain function. Remarkably, it also reduced Cd levels in the liver, kidneys and brain, as well as in the bones of rats. These results show that oral administration of CHS/BG has a strong therapeutic potential on tissues through detoxification of cadmium-exposed rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ait Hamdan
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco; Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Abdelfatah Ait Baba
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Hajar Azraida
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Hamid Kabdy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | | | - Abderrahman Chait
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Rhazi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El-Sabbagh SM, Mira HI, Desouky OA, Hussien SS, Elgohary DM, Ali AO, El Naggar AMA. Synthesis of fungal chitosan-polystyrene modified by nanoparticles of binary metals for the removal of heavy metals from waste aqueous media. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29735-29748. [PMID: 37822657 PMCID: PMC10563796 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of fungal chitosan-polystyrene-Co-nanocomposites (FCPNC) as a material for the adsorptive removal of cadmium (Cd) ions from aqueous solutions. The synthesis and characterization of FCPNC were accomplished using various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effectiveness of this adsorbent in removing Cd(ii) species from solution matrices was systematically investigated, resulting in the achievement of a maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 112.36 mg g-1. This high adsorption capacity was detected using the following operational parameters: solution pH equals 5.0, 60 min as a contact time between the adsorbent and Cd(ii) solution, Cd initial concentration of 50 ppm, adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L-1 and room temperature. The process of cadmium adsorption by FCPNC was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm model, suggesting that a chemical reaction occurs on the biosorbent surface. Kinetic studies have demonstrated that the cadmium removal process aligns well with the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic analysis revealed the following values: ΔH° = 25.89 kJ mol-1, ΔG° = -21.58 kJ mol-1, and ΔS° = 159.30 J mol-1 K-1. These values indicate that the sorption process is endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible. These findings suggest the potential of FCPNC as an exceptionally effective biosorbent for the removal of water contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabha M El-Sabbagh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt
| | - Hamed I Mira
- Nuclear Materials Authority P.O. Box 530, El Maddi Cairo Egypt
| | - Osman A Desouky
- Nuclear Materials Authority P.O. Box 530, El Maddi Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Dina M Elgohary
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt
| | - Anwaar O Ali
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) 1 Ahmed El-Zomor St., Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M A El Naggar
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) 1 Ahmed El-Zomor St., Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valdivia-Olivares RY, Martinez-González EA, Montenegro G, Bridi R, Alvarez-Figueroa MJ, González-Aramundiz JV. Innovative multiple nanoemulsion (W/O/W) based on Chilean honeybee pollen improves their permeability, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Food Res Int 2023; 168:112767. [PMID: 37120217 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Beehive derivatives, including honeybee pollen (HBP), have been extensively studied for their beneficial health properties and potential therapeutic use. Its high polyphenol content gives it excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Today its use is limited due to poor organoleptic properties, low solubility, stability, and permeability under physiological conditions. A novel edible multiple W/O/W nanoemulsion (BP-MNE) to encapsulate the HBP extract was designed and optimized to overcome these limitations. The new BP-MNE has a small size (∼100 nm), a zeta potential greater than +30 mV, and efficiently encapsulated phenolic compounds (∼82%). BP-MNE stability was measured under simulated physiological conditions and storage conditions (4 months); in both cases, stability was promoted. The formulation's antioxidant and antibacterial (Streptococcus pyogenes) activity was analyzed, obtaining a higher effect than the non-encapsulated compounds in both cases. In vitro permeability was tested, observing a high permeability of the phenolic compounds when they are nanoencapsulated. With these results, we propose our BP-MNE as an innovative solution to encapsulate complex matrices, such as HBP extract, as a platform to develop functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y Valdivia-Olivares
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - E A Martinez-González
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - G Montenegro
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, ́ Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - R Bridi
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - M J Alvarez-Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - J V González-Aramundiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados "CIEN-UC", Pontificia Universidad, Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panahi HKS, Dehhaghi M, Amiri H, Guillemin GJ, Gupta VK, Rajaei A, Yang Y, Peng W, Pan J, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M. Current and emerging applications of saccharide-modified chitosan: a critical review. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108172. [PMID: 37169103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, as the main component of the exoskeleton of Arthropoda, is a highly available natural polymer that can be processed into various value-added products. Its most important derivative, i.e., chitosan, comprising β-1,4-linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucose (deacetylated d-glucosamine) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine units, can be prepared via alkaline deacetylation process. Chitosan has been used as a biodegradable, biocompatible, non-antigenic, and nontoxic polymer in some in-vitro applications, but the recently found potentials of chitosan for in-vivo applications based on its biological activities, especially antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, have upgraded the chitosan roles in biomaterials. Chitosan approval, generally recognized as a safe compound by the United States Food and Drug Administration, has attracted much attention toward its possible applications in diverse fields, especially biomedicine and agriculture. Even with some favorable characteristics, the chitosan's structure should be customized for advanced applications, especially due to its drawbacks, such as low drug-load capacity, low solubility, high viscosity, lack of elastic properties, and pH sensitivity. In this context, derivatization with relatively inexpensive and highly available mono- and di-saccharides to soluble branched chitosan has been considered a "game changer". This review critically reviews the emerging technologies based on the synthesis and application of lactose- and galactose-modified chitosan as two important chitosan derivatives. Some characteristics of chitosan derivatives and biological activities have been detailed first to understand the value of these natural polymers. Second, the saccharide modification of chitosan has been discussed briefly. Finally, the applications of lactose- and galactose-modified chitosan have been scrutinized and compared to native chitosan to provide an insight into the current state-of-the research for stimulating new ideas with the potential of filling research gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Forest Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Mona Dehhaghi
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Safe and Improved Food, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Ahmad Rajaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Yadong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Forest Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Junting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Forest Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Forest Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang H, Zhang H, Liu L, Ma K, Huang J, Zhang J. Design and experimental study on closed-loop process of preparing chitosan from crab shells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023. [PMID: 36807387 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to design a green and comprehensive utilization process for preparing chitosan from crab shells. Glutamate acid was used as a decalcifying agent for crab shells, and the mixed solution of potassium hydroxide/isopropanol was used for deproteinization and deacetylation to prepare chitosan. Glutamic acid and isopropanol could be recovered for recycling. At the same time, calcium carbonate and protein in crab shells were converted into calcium hydrogen phosphate and compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, respectively. The prepared chitosan was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and its deacetylation degree and viscosity average molecular weight were 88.7% ± 0.68% and 792.1 ± 10.82 kDa, respectively. The recoveries of glutamic acid and isopropanol were 95.56% ± 1.39% and 88.14% ± 1.13%, respectively. The prepared chitosan has large molecular weight and deacetylation degree, controllable production cost, comprehensive utilization of crab shell components, and greatly reduced waste emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Wang
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huien Zhang
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Liu
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunqin Ma
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinqin Huang
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A Genome-Wide Phenotypic Analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s Adaptive Response and Tolerance to Chitosan in Conditions Relevant for Winemaking. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In the wine industry, the use of chitosan, a non-toxic biodegradable polysaccharide with antimicrobial properties, has been gaining interest with respect to envisaging the reduction in the use of sulfur dioxide (SO2). Although the mechanisms of toxicity of chitosan against fungal cells have been addressed before, most of the studies undertaken used other sources of chitosan and/or used conditions to solubilize the polymer that were not compatible with winemaking. Herein, the effect of a commercial formulation of chitosan approved for use in winemaking over the growth of the spoilage yeast species Dekkera anomala, Saccharomycodes ludwigii, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, and Pichia anomala was assessed. At the legally allowed concentration of 0.1 g/L, chitosan inhibited the growth of all spoilage yeasts, except for the tested Pichia anomala strains. Interestingly, the highly SO2-tolerant yeasts S. ludwigii and Z. bailii were highly susceptible to chitosan. The growth of commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also impacted by chitosan, in a strain-dependent manner, albeit at higher concentrations. To dissect this differential inhibitory potential and gain further insight into the interaction of chitosan over fungal cells, we explored a chemogenomic analysis to identify all of the S. cerevisiae genes conferring protection against or increasing susceptibility to the commercial formulation of chitosan. Among the genes found to confer protection against chitosan, a high proportion was found to encode proteins required for the assembly and structuring of the cell wall, enzymes involved in the synthesis of plasma membrane lipids, and components of signaling pathways that respond to damages in the plasma membrane (e.g., the Rim101 pathway). The data obtained also suggest that the fungal ribosome and the vacuolar V-ATPase could be directly targeted by chitosan, since the deletion of genes encoding proteins required for the structure and function of these organelles was found to increase tolerance to chitosan. We also demonstrated, for the first time, that the deletion of ITR1, AGP2 and FPS1, encoding plasma membrane transporters, prominently increased the tolerance of S. cerevisiae to chitosan, suggesting that they can serve as carriers for chitosan. Besides providing new insights into the mode of action of chitosan against wine yeasts, this study adds relevant information for its rational use as a substitute/complementary preservative to SO2.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mendes TPS, Santana RA, Cedro PÉP, Miranda ACA, Junior BBN, Júnior GLV. Extraction, characterization, antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities of (1 → 3)(1 → 6)-β-D-glucogalactan from Aspergillus niger ATCC 1004. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:56. [PMID: 36691433 PMCID: PMC9859964 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimization of extraction, chemical characterization, and the evaluation of antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition capacities of the cell wall polysaccharides extracted from Aspergillus niger ATCC 1004 were studied in this paper. The response surface methodology through a factorial design of three levels indicated the optimal conditions for extraction: pH 13 and 180 min. Characterization results showed that the polysaccharide is glucogalactan, consisting of β-D-galactose-linked units (1 → 6) and β-D-linked glucose (1 → 3). The antioxidant activity was evaluated through three in vitro assays. It could effectively scavenge DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals with inhibition rates of 82.12%, 75.87% and 79.24, respectively, at 6.4 mg/mL, which were higher than those of the other polysaccharides. For inhibitory activity against α-amylase, a blocking effect of 53.7% was observed at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. Therefore, the cell wall polysaccharides of Aspergillus niger, (1 → 3)(1 → 6)-β-D-glucogalactan, seem to be a promising source for use as an antioxidant, in addition to holding an in vitro hypoglycemic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tátilla P. S. Mendes
- Sciences and Technology Department, State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié, Bahia Brazil
| | - Romário A. Santana
- Sciences and Technology Department, State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié, Bahia Brazil
| | - Pâmala Évelin P. Cedro
- Sciences and Technology Department, State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié, Bahia Brazil
| | - Alana Caise A. Miranda
- Sciences and Technology Department, State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié, Bahia Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
W A AEG. Chitosan: a promising natural polysaccharide feed additive in poultry production systems. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2023; 24:301-312. [PMID: 38799294 PMCID: PMC11127735 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2023.46967.6751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the hazardous use of antibiotic growth promotors in the poultry industry has led to the development of drug resistance and violative tissue residues. Therefore, the European Union Regulation banned application of these growth promotors, and the international authorities have searched for other natural and safe feed additive sources as substitutes for antibiotics. Chitosan has been used as a feed-additive alternative in veterinary medicine practices worldwide. Chitosan and chitosan-based nanoparticles have been extensively investigated in the poultry production system and have proved several positive impacts. The overall performance parameters of broilers and layers have been improved following dietary treatments with chitosan. Besides, chitosan showed antimicrobial activity against many bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic diseases as well as boosting of the immune response. Modulation of the antioxidant activity and modification of some blood parameters have also been detected owing to dietary chitosan supplementations. Moreover, chitosan nanoparticles have been now applied as a vaccine delivery vehicle and a mucosal adjuvant for many important poultry bacterial and viral diseases. Therefore, this review article sheds light on the effects of chitosan and its nanoparticle forms on the production traits of broilers and layers, their antimicrobial, immuno-regulatory, and antioxidant properties, as well as their effects on the blood constituents and vaccine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Ghany W A
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khanjari A, Esmaeili H, Hamedi M. Shelf life extension of minced squab using poly-lactic acid films containing Cinnamomum verum essential oil. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 385:109982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
12
|
Gîjiu CL, Isopescu R, Dinculescu D, Memecică M, Apetroaei MR, Anton M, Schröder V, Rău I. Crabs Marine Waste-A Valuable Source of Chitosan: Tuning Chitosan Properties by Chitin Extraction Optimization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4492. [PMID: 36365487 PMCID: PMC9658922 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin extraction from crab shells was studied experimentally and optimized aiming to obtain chitosan with predefined deacetylation degree and molecular mass. To find out the optimum operating conditions that ensure the obtaining of a chitosan with highest deacetylation degree and specific molecular mass four parameters were varied: the concentration of NaOH and the temperature for deproteinization step, respectively HCl concentration and the number of acidic treatments for the demineralization stage. The experiment was carried on following Taguchi orthogonal array L9, and the best combination of factors was found using the desirability function approach. The optimization results showed that 5% NaOH concentration and low temperatures lead to a chitosan with high deacetylation degree. High molecular mass chitosan is obtained when a single step acidic treatment is used, while a chitosan with low molar mass is obtained for multiple acid contacts and higher HCl concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Luminița Gîjiu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Isopescu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Dinculescu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Memecică
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mirela Anton
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Verginica Schröder
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanța, Romania
| | - Ileana Rău
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sources, production and commercial applications of fungal chitosan: A review. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
14
|
Rocha GA, Ferreira RB. Antimicrobial polysaccharides obtained from natural sources. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:701-716. [PMID: 35392662 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in resistance to conventional antibiotics among bacterial pathogens, the search for new antimicrobials becomes more and more necessary. Although most studies focus on the discovery of antimicrobial peptides for the development of new antibiotics, several others in the literature have described polysaccharides with the same biological activity with the potential for use as therapeutic alternatives. Here we review the currently available literature on antimicrobial polysaccharides isolated from different sources to demonstrate that there are several possible unconventional carbohydrate polymers that could act as therapeutic alternatives in the battle against drug-resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia A Rocha
- Departamento de Microbiologia Médica Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes CCS, Bloco I2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
| | - Rosana Br Ferreira
- Departamento de Microbiologia Médica Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes CCS, Bloco I2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ali SM, Soliman NA, Abdal-Aziz SAA, Abdel-Fattah YR. Cloning of cellulase gene using metagenomic approach of soils collected from Wadi El Natrun, an extremophilic desert valley in Egypt. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 20:20. [PMID: 35137293 PMCID: PMC8825895 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Wadi El Natrun microorganisms have been considered as a new resource for natural products due to its extreme condition of salinity and alkalinity. Therefore, this study was devoted to generate metagemic library from soils collected from such an extreme environment in order to clone a novel cellulase for physique industrial applications. Results Total soil-DNA was successfully extracted, and then digested by different restriction enzymes. Purified fragments ranged ~ 200–6500 bp were ligated and were cloned into plasmid cloning vector (pUC19) by using Escherichia coli DH5α (E. coli) host cells. A constructed metagenomic library composed of 270 clones was screened on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar plate where the active clones had been characterized by the formation of the yellowish halo zone. Thereafter, clone 1 was selected as the most active as being based on cellulase activity quantification (19 μ/ml). Plasmid related to clone 1 encoded cellSNSY gene of approximately 1.5 kb was subjected to molecular characterization; the obtained partial sequence of 861 bps encoded 287 amino acids showing 76% similarity to the endoglucanase gene of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The recombinant cellSNSY was expressed under lacz promoter at 1 mM of isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), giving 21 μ/ml cellulase after ~ 27 h. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and an activity staining of the recombinant cellSNSY which revealed an active band with a molecular mass ~ 59 kDa appeared in the induced sample. The maximum enzyme activity of crude cellSNSY was observed at 45 °C and for a pH of 8.5. Interestingly, the enzyme activity was slightly inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and methanol. It showed high resistance to the tested heavy metals and the surfactant which ordered Zn> (SDS,Fe)>Mn>Cu. Conclusions This study established an easy and a skillful way to clone/express a new found cellulase gene(s) under lacZ promoter. The isolated recombinant cellSNSY showed 76% similarity to endoglucanase gene, and the enzyme showed tolerance to the mostly tested agents including heavy metals, surfactant, solvents, and EDTA. Additionally, the studied recombinant showed a high stability up to 55 °C and for alkaline pH 8.5. These features make it an ample and viable for many applications.
Collapse
|
16
|
A review on source-specific chemistry, functionality, and applications of chitin and chitosan. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
17
|
Hematizad I, Khanjari A, Basti AA, Karabagias IK, Noori N, Ghadami F, Gholami F, Teimourifard R. In vitro antibacterial activity of gelatin-nanochitosan films incorporated with Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil and its influence on microbial, chemical, and sensorial properties of chicken breast meat during refrigerated storage. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
18
|
Paiva WS, Queiroz MF, Araujo Sabry D, Santiago ALCMA, Sassaki GL, Batista ACL, Rocha HAO. Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Property Investigation of Gallic Acid-Grafted Fungal Chitosan Conjugate. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:812. [PMID: 34682234 PMCID: PMC8540519 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the cause of numerous diseases in humans; therefore, there has been a continuous search for novel antioxidant molecules. Fungal chitosan is an attractive molecule that has several applications (antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer and antiparasitic action) owing to its unique characteristics; however, it exhibits low antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to obtain fungal chitosan (Chit-F) from the fungus Rhizopus arrhizus and synthesize its derivative, fungal chitosan-gallic acid (Chit-FGal), as a novel antioxidant chitosan derivative for biomedical use. A low molecular weight Chi-F (~3.0 kDa) with a degree of deacetylation of 86% was obtained from this fungus. Chit-FGal (3.0 kDa) was synthesized by an efficient free radical-mediated method using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid. Both Chit-F and Chit-FGal showed similar copper chelating activities; however, Chit-FGal was more efficient as an antioxidant, exhibiting twice the total antioxidant capacity than Chi-F (p < 0.05). Furthermore, H2O2 (0.06 M) promoted a 50% decrease in the viabilities of the 3T3 fibroblast cells. However, this effect was abolished in the presence of Chit-FGal (0.05-0.25 mg/mL), indicating that Chit-FGal protected the cells from oxidative damage. These results suggest that Chit-FGal may be a promising agent to combat oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weslley Souza Paiva
- Postgraduate Programe in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Moacir Fernandes Queiroz
- Biomedicine Departament, Medical Sciences College, Potiguar University (UNP), Natal 59056-000, RN, Brazil;
| | - Diego Araujo Sabry
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais-BIOPOL, Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | | | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil;
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Postgraduate Programe in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais-BIOPOL, Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang X, Hou R, Zhang Q, Darwesh OM, Gao M, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Enhancing the Stability of Asphalt Emulsion Using Environmentally Friendly Cationically Modified Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (CMHEC) at Different Concentrations and pH Values. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2020-2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The cationically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) was synthesized successfully and applied for preparing the cationic asphalt emulsion. The apparent viscosity and phase separation of the emulsion were studied at different CMHEC concentrations and pH values. The results indicated that the apparent viscosity of the emulsion was increased with increasing CMHEC concentration, and the phase separation was significantly reduced correspondingly. In addition, the effect of pH value on the emulsion quality was involved. The apparent viscosity of the emulsion showed the tendency to decrease firstly and then increase to the minimum value at pH 2. All results indicated that CMHEC has excellent potential in the manufacture of asphalt emulsion and the research of the pH effect on the formulation of asphalt emulsion has essential significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Runhan Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Osama M. Darwesh
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, National Research Centre, Dokki , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mengyao Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Zixu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jin T, Liu T, Lam E, Moores A. Chitin and chitosan on the nanoscale. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:505-542. [PMID: 34017971 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00696c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In a matter of decades, nanomaterials from biomass, exemplified by nanocellulose, have rapidly transitioned from once being a subject of curiosity to an area of fervent research and development, now reaching the stages of commercialization and industrial relevance. Nanoscale chitin and chitosan, on the other hand, have only recently begun to raise interest. Attractive features such as excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, immunogenicity, as well as the tuneable handles of their acetylamide (chitin) or primary amino (chitosan) functionalities indeed display promise in areas such as biomedical devices, catalysis, therapeutics, and more. Herein, we review recent progress in the fabrication and development of these bio-nanomaterials, describe in detail their properties, and discuss the initial successes in their applications. Comparisons are made to the dominant nanocelluose to highlight some of the inherent advantages that nanochitin and nanochitosan may possess in similar application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Jin
- Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ali SS, Darwesh OM, Kornaros M, Al-Tohamy R, Manni A, El-Shanshoury AERR, Metwally MA, Elsamahy T, Sun J. Nano-biofertilizers: Synthesis, advantages, and applications. BIOFERTILIZERS 2021:359-370. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821667-5.00007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
22
|
Agricultural and Biomedical Applications of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101903. [PMID: 32987697 PMCID: PMC7598667 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan has emerged as a biodegradable, nontoxic polymer with multiple beneficial applications in the agricultural and biomedical sectors. As nanotechnology has evolved as a promising field, researchers have incorporated chitosan-based nanomaterials in a variety of products to enhance their efficacy and biocompatibility. Moreover, due to its inherent antimicrobial and chelating properties, and the availability of modifiable functional groups, chitosan nanoparticles were also directly used in a variety of applications. In this review, the use of chitosan-based nanomaterials in agricultural and biomedical fields related to the management of abiotic stress in plants, water availability for crops, controlling foodborne pathogens, and cancer photothermal therapy is discussed, with some insights into the possible mechanisms of action. Additionally, the toxicity arising from the accumulation of these nanomaterials in biological systems and future research avenues that had gained limited attention from the scientific community are discussed here. Overall, chitosan-based nanomaterials show promising characteristics for sustainable agricultural practices and effective healthcare in an eco-friendly manner.
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Chua ET, Shekh AY, Eltanahy E, Thomas-Hall SR, Schenk PM. Effective Harvesting of Nannochloropsis Microalgae Using Mushroom Chitosan: A Pilot-Scale Study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:771. [PMID: 32766222 PMCID: PMC7381157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For efficient downstream processing, harvesting remains as one of the challenges in producing Nannochloropsis biomass, a microalga with high-value omega-3 oils. Flocculation is an effective, low-energy, low-cost method to harvest microalgae. Chitosan has been shown to be an effective food-grade flocculant; however, commercial chitosan is sourced from crustaceans, which has disadvantages including concerns over heavy-metal contamination. Thus, this study tests the flocculation potential of mushroom chitosan. Our results indicate a 13% yield of chitosan from mushroom. The identity of the prepared chitosan was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, results show that mushroom chitosan can be an alternative flocculant with >95% flocculation efficiency when tested in 100-mL jar and 200-L vertical column photobioreactor. Applications in a 2000-L raceway pond demonstrated that thorough mixing of mushroom chitosan with the algal culture is required to achieve efficient flocculation. With proper mixing, mushroom chitosan can be used to produce food-grade Nannochloropsis biomass suitable for the production of vegan omega-3 oils as a fish oil alternative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvis T Chua
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ajam Y Shekh
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - Eladl Eltanahy
- Algae Laboratory, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Skye R Thomas-Hall
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hemostatic, biocompatible, and antibacterial non-animal fungal mushroom-based carboxymethyl chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite for wound-healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
26
|
Toushik SH, Mizan MFR, Hossain MI, Ha SD. Fighting with old foes: The pledge of microbe-derived biological agents to defeat mono- and mixed-bacterial biofilms concerning food industries. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Eddya M, Tbib B, El-Hami K. A comparison of chitosan properties after extraction from shrimp shells by diluted and concentrated acids. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03486. [PMID: 32140598 PMCID: PMC7049647 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan and chitin are mainly extracted from shells of fish such as lobsters, crabs or shrimps. Originally, the raw material and the two compounds are identical. This study aims to show the acid concentration effect on chitosan extraction from shrimp shells between concentrated and diluted acid; on surface morphology, thermal resistance, structural, elemental composition, optical and opto-electronic properties. It also aims to reduce the production time and increase the quantity. We focused mainly on comparing between Physico-chemical properties of chitosans extracted by diluted (1M) and concentrated (20%) Chloric acids, and sometimes we compare by other concentrated acids like nitric acid (70%) and sulphuric acid (98%). We performed the product's characterization by various tools such as: X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetry and Derivative Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The elemental analysis (XRF and EDX). The results showed that all chitosan samples we gained are good about 80% degree of deacetylation, and pure mostly composed by carbon between (15,02% - 45.55%), nitrogen (4,17% - 12.28%) and oxygen (42.16% and 81.25%), with appearance of essential peaks for chitosan in Raman analysis: 470 cm−1 → ν(C-C(=O)-C), 1000 cm−1 → ν(C-H), 1800 cm−1 → δ(C=CCOOR), δ(C=O), 2630 cm−1 → δ(CH) rings, 3250 cm−1 → ν(NH2). All our chitosan particles are ultrafine nanoscale between 8 and 34 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Eddya
- University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Laboratory of Nanosciences and Modeling, Morocco
| | - Bouazza Tbib
- University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Laboratory of Nanosciences and Modeling, Morocco
| | - Khalil El-Hami
- University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Laboratory of Nanosciences and Modeling, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Darwesh OM, El-Hawary AS, El Kelany US, El-Sherbiny GM. Nematicidal activity of thermostable alkaline protease produced by Saccharomonospora viridis strain Hw G550. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00386. [PMID: 31763199 PMCID: PMC6864322 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Isolation and identification of thermo alkaliphilic actinomycetes. Obtaining of thermostable alkaline protease enzyme. Evaluation of the nematicidal activity of obtained protease. Application of thermostable alkaline protease as nemticidal agent.
Application of thermostable alkaline protease to control the harmful nematodes was investigated in the current study. A total of 14 proteolytic actinomycetes were isolated from Egyptian harsh environments. Out of them, isolate G550 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity (528.9 U/ml). Protease from isolate G550 exhibited high nematicidal activity against M. incognita under laboratory conditions and caused hydrolysis of J2S cuticle. This isolate was identified using molecular techniques and deposited in GenBank under name of Saccharomonospora viridis strain Hw G550 with accession number: MF152631. The G550 protease was extracted, characterized and applied under greenhouse conditions as nematicidal agent. This enzyme exhibited maximum activity and stability at alkaline pH (8) and thermal conditions (50–60 °C). Also, the results showed that, all treatments using protease caused a significant decrease in nematode reproduction and increasing in the plant properties. Finally, the thermo alkaliphilic protease could be used as bio-control agent against RKN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S El-Hawary
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Usama S El Kelany
- Plant Pathology Department, Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El-Sherbiny
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hussein HAA, Mekki B, El-Sadek ME, El Lateef EE. Effect of L-Ornithine application on improving drought tolerance in sugar beet plants. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02631. [PMID: 31667428 PMCID: PMC6812460 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the foliar application of L-ornithine (0.0, 0.30 and 0.60 mM) as a precursor of polyamines, at vegetative stage was on antioxidant defense and growth of drought stressed sugar beet plants grown under clay and sandy soil conditions. Two water irrigation treatments (80% and 40% Field capacity) were carried out on sugar beet plants grown in pots under greenhouse conditions. Water stress resulted in significantly decrement in growth parameters including root diameter, root and shoot weights per plant compared with corresponding control plants. The results showed that drought stress significantly affected most biochemical characteristics of plants. Photosynthetic pigments contents, free amino acids and peroxidase enzyme activity were decreased, while catalase enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation was increased with drought stress. On the other hand, foliar application of L-ornithine effectively alleviated harmful effects caused by drought stress on root length, root and shoot weights of sugar beet plants, especially under sandy soil conditions. The results cleared that ameliorating the negative effects of drought stress through exogenously applied L-ornithine associated with improved photosynthetic pigments, protein profile, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes; catalase and peroxidase, total soluble sugars and total amino led to increasing drought tolerance of sugar beet plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hebat-Allah A. Hussein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology Department, University College of Nayriya, Hafr Al Batin University, Saudi Arabia
| | - B.B. Mekki
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E.Abd El-Sadek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ezzat Ebd El Lateef
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hussein HAA, Darwesh OM, Mekki BB, El-Hallouty SM. Evaluation of cytotoxicity, biochemical profile and yield components of groundnut plants treated with nano-selenium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00377. [PMID: 31641621 PMCID: PMC6796563 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preparation and Characterization of selenium nanoparticles. Foliar application of the prepared nano-selenium on 3 different groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. Evaluation of the effect of nanoselenium on Growth parameters, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants enzymes. Evaluation of prepared nano-selenium cytotoxicity.
Knowledge about the risks of the nanoparticles application on the plant development and human health is still limited. Different concentrations of nano-selenium (0, 20 and 40 ppm) were applied to three different Egyptian groundnut (Arachis hypogaea l.) cultivars; (NC, Gregory and Giza 6) under sandy soil conditions at vegetative growth stage to investigate their effects on yield components, protein profile, fatty acids composition, total antioxidant content and cytotoxicity of yielded seeds. The results indicate that the tested Nano-Selenium (Nano-Se) concentrations improved yield components and seeds oil. However, Nano-Se altered protein signatures as well as fatty acids composition by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and/or decreasing saturated fatty acids as compared with control, the cytotoxicity assessments proved safety of the yield for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hebat-Allah A Hussein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biology Department, University College of Nairyah, Hafr El Batin University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bahaa B Mekki
- Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Seif MM, Madboli AN, Marrez DA, Aboulthana WM. Hepato-Renal protective Effects of Egyptian Purslane Extract against Experimental Cadmium Toxicity in Rats with Special Emphasis on the Functional and Histopathological Changes. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:625-631. [PMID: 31367527 PMCID: PMC6650623 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to clarify the hapato-nephroprotective effects of purslane ethanolic extract (PEE) against cadmium toxicity. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal. Cd occurs as environmental and food/ feed contamination causing public and animals health hazards. Liver and kidney are the main target organs for acute and chronic cadmium toxicity. Portulaca oleracea is rich in several vitamins, minerals, antioxidant components, and omega-3 fatty acids mainly α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Results showed significant elevation of the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation. In contrast to the antioxidants enzymatic were greatly decreased. The hepatic and renal tissues showed severe degeneration and necrosis accompanied by severe congestion and multifocal hemorrhages in Cd intoxicated rats. All parameters and tissues showed no changes in rates-treated with both Cd and purslane extract as compared with the control rats. The administration of PEE provided a significantly protection against Cd-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Seif
- Department of Toxicology and Food Contaminants, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Naser Madboli
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Diaa A. Marrez
- Department of Toxicology and Food Contaminants, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wael M.K. Aboulthana
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Marrez DA, Abdelhamid AE, Darwesh OM. Eco-friendly cellulose acetate green synthesized silver nano-composite as antibacterial packaging system for food safety. Food Packag Shelf Life 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
33
|
Influence of Nitrogen Source and Growth Phase on Extracellular Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cultural Filtrates of Scenedesmus obliquus. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were green-synthesized extracellularly by the action of bioactive compounds in cultural filtrates of green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (KY621475). The influences of six different nitrogen sources (i.e., NaNO3, CO(NH4)2, (NH4)2CO3, KNO3, NH4NO3, and (NH4)2SO4) on extracellular biosynthesis of AgNPs were observed by UV–Visible spectroscopy (380–425 nm) and confirmed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The highest biomass production was observed in the case of urea and ammonium carbonate treatments, which, surprisingly, showed negative activity for AgNPs biosynthesis. Considering their coupling and compatible presence in cultural filtrates, reductases (especially nitrate reductase) as reduction agents are assumed to play a key role in the extracellular biosynthesis of AgNPs. The cultural filtrates of the potassium and sodium nitrate treatments produce AgNPs of relatively small size (5–10 and 4–10 nm, respectively), smaller than those produced by filtrate of ammonium nitrate treatment. The antimicrobial activity of produced AgNPs was a function mainly of particle size, which was influenced by the nitrogen source of the microalgal culture. The AgNPs produced from the KNO3 and NaNO3 cultural filtrates performed the best as antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
|
34
|
Abdel-Rahman MA, Sadek ZI, Azab MS, Darwesh OM, Hassan MS. Incorporation of microencapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus into infant-foods inhibit proliferation of toxicogenic Bacillus cereus strains. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
35
|
Environmentally friendly nano-selenium to improve antioxidant system and growth of groundnut cultivars under sandy soil conditions. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
36
|
Youssef A, Hasanin M, Abd El-Aziz M, Darwesh O. Green, economic, and partially biodegradable wood plastic composites via enzymatic surface modification of lignocellulosic fibers. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01332. [PMID: 30923764 PMCID: PMC6423816 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic fibers, which obtained from Citrus trees trimmings, were modified with Aspergillus flavus (EGYPTA5) enzymes. The non-modified and the modified lignocellulosic fibers were used with low density polyethylene (LDPE) by melt blending brabender method at 170 °C with different ratio (5, 10 and 20 wt%) to obtain wood plastic composites (WPC). The prepared samples were characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), Scan Electron Microscope (SEM), and Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) as well as, the mechanical, thermal, biodegradability and swelling properties were examined. The fabricated WPC displayed good mechanical and thermal properties compare with pure LDPE. Also, the WVTR was enhanced by the addition of modified lignocellulosic fibers over the unmodified one. Moreover, the enzymes assay such as cellulase and lignin peroxidase enzymes were estimated and confirming the growing of fungi on the lignocellulosic fiber in solid state fermentation condition to improve lignin peroxidase production and eliminate cellulose enzymes. The fabricated WPC can be used in different environmental application such as packaging system, that it will be green, economic, and partially biodegradable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Youssef
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - M.S. Hasanin
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - M.E. Abd El-Aziz
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - O.M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abdelhameed RM, Darwesh OM, Rocha J, Silva AMS. IRMOF-3 Biological Activity Enhancement by Post-Synthetic Modification. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reda M. Abdelhameed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; 33 EL Bohouth st. Dokki, Giza Egypt
- Department of Chemistry; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Osama M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department; National Research Centre; 33 EL Bohouth st. Dokki, Giza Egypt
| | - João Rocha
- Department of Chemistry; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Johari SA, Rasmussen K, Gulumian M, Ghazi-Khansari M, Tetarazako N, Kashiwada S, Asghari S, Park JW, Yu IJ. Introducing a new standardized nanomaterial environmental toxicity screening testing procedure, ISO/TS 20787: aquatic toxicity assessment of manufactured nanomaterials in saltwater Lakes using Artemia sp. nauplii. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 29:95-109. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1512695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Johari
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kirsten Rasmussen
- Directorate F – Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Mary Gulumian
- National Institute for Occupational Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Saba Asghari
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - June-Woo Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Je Yu
- HCTm CO., LTD, Icheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sadek ZI, Abdel-Rahman MA, Azab MS, Darwesh OM, Hassan MS. Microbiological evaluation of infant foods quality and molecular detection of Bacillus cereus toxins relating genes. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:871-877. [PMID: 30167378 PMCID: PMC6111046 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 205 samples representing eight different infant foods with various based materials were collected and analyzed for their microbiological properties. The contamination rate by aerobic spore formers was achieved 100% in milk based infant food with fruit, vegetables, honey, rice and infant milk powder. While, it was detected in 95, 60 and 65% of the infant food with wheat milk based, ready to use (infant food with fruit) and ready to use (infant food with vegetables), respectively. Biochemical Identification and API 50 CHB used to identify the obtained isolates and revealed that B. subtilis was the most frequently occurring Bacillus spp. Followed by B. licheniformis and B. circulans. While B. cereus was detected in 10.20% of the total isolates. Moreover, B. cereus was confirmed in 21.2% of milk based fruit, vegetables (15.7%), honey (17.2%), rice (14.1%) and wheat (12%) and vanished in the infant milk powder samples. Although, B. cereus noted in lower percentage but this strain is considered as the more harmful one in lower numbers. For that, the following part is focused on B. cereus. Forty five isolates obtained from B. Cereus contaminating samples were screened for prevalence of 3 important virulent enterotoxigenic genes using PCR technique. The CYTK gene had the highest presence which detected in 43 isolates (95.5%), followed by NHEC gene detected in 32 isolates. However, the HBLA gene was detected in just 5 isolates. So, many processes should be applied for controlling of pathogens to preserve infant lives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab I. Sadek
- Dairy Science Dept., National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abdel-Rahman
- Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science (Boys branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Azab
- Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science (Boys branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Dept., National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science (Boys branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|