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Michlig N, Lehotay SJ, Lightfield AR. Comparison of filter membranes in the analysis of 183 veterinary and other drugs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300696. [PMID: 38356232 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Although filtration is one of the most common steps in sample preparation for chemical analysis, filter membrane materials can leach contaminants and/or retain some analytes in the filtered solutions. In multiclass, multiresidue analysis of veterinary drugs, it is challenging to find one type of filter membrane that does not retain at least some of the analytes before injection in ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). In this study, different filter membranes were tested for use in UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of 183 diverse drugs in bovine muscle, kidney, and liver tissues. Membranes evaluated consisted of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polyethersulfone, nylon, and regenerated cellulose. Drug classes represented among the analytes included β-agonists, β-lactams, anthelmintics, macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, tranquilizers, (fluoro)quinolones, anti-inflammatories, nitroimidazoles, coccidiostats, phenicols, and others. Although the presence of a matrix helped reduce the binding of analytes on surface active sites, all of the filter types partially retained at least some of the drugs in the final extracts. In testing by flow-injection analysis, all of the membrane filters were also observed to leach interfering components. Ultimately, filtration was avoided altogether in the final sample preparation approach known as the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe, efficient, and robust (QuEChERSER) mega-method, and ultracentrifugation was chosen as an alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Michlig
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
- Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos (PRINARC), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Steven J Lehotay
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan R Lightfield
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Jathan Y, Pagilla KR, Marchand EA. Understanding the influence of dissolved organic nitrogen characteristics on enhanced coagulation performance for water reuse. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139384. [PMID: 37414300 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
With the recent focus on using advanced water treatment processes for water reuse, interest is growing for utilizing enhanced coagulation to remove dissolved chemical species. Up to 85% of the nitrogen in wastewater effluent is made up of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), but there is a knowledge gap regarding its removal during coagulation, which can be influenced by DON characteristics. To address this issue, tertiary-treated wastewater samples were analyzed before and after coagulation with polyaluminum chloride and ferric chloride. Samples were size-fractionated into four molecular weight fractions (0.45 μm, 0.1 μm, 10 kDa, and 3 kDa) using vacuum filtration and ultrafiltration. Each fraction was further evaluated by coagulating it separately to assess DON removal during enhanced coagulation. The size fractionated samples were also separated into hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions using C18 solid phase extraction disks. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrices were used to investigate the characteristics of dissolved organic matter contributing to DON during the coagulation process. The results showed that DON compounds of size <3 kDa constituted a majority of the total DON. Coagulation removed more than 80% DON from size fractions 0.45 μm-0.1 μm and 0.1 μm-10 kDa, but less than 20% was removed from 10 kDa to 3 kDa and <3 kDa fractions. Coagulation on pre-filtered samples removed 19% and 25% of the <3 kDa DON fraction using polyaluminum chloride and ferric chloride, respectively. In all molecular weight fractions, hydrophilic DON compounds were found to be dominant (>90%), and enhanced coagulation was not effective in removing hydrophilic DON compounds. LMW fractions respond poorly to enhanced coagulation due to their hydrophilic nature. Enhanced coagulation effectively removes humic acid-like substances, but poorly removes proteinaceous compounds such as tyrosine and tryptophan. This study's findings provide insights into DON behavior during coagulation and factors affecting its removal, potentially improving wastewater treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasha Jathan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Krishna R Pagilla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Eric A Marchand
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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3
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Zatrochová S, Lhotská I, Erben J, Chvojka J, Švec F, Chocholouš P, Šatínský D. Small nanofibrous disks for preconcentration of environmental contaminants followed by direct in-vial elution and chromatographic determination. Talanta 2023; 263:124688. [PMID: 37247455 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the extraction of river water contaminants as model analytes of ranging polarities, including bisphenols A, C, S, Z, fenoxycarb, kadethrin, and deltamethrin, using small compact fibrous disks has been developed and validated. Polymer nanofibers and microfibers prepared from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), polypropylene, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, poly(lactic acid), and polycaprolactone doped with graphene were evaluated in terms of extraction efficiency, selectivity, and stability in organic solutions. Our novel extraction procedure comprised preconcentration of analytes from 150 mL river water to 1 mL of eluent using a compact nanofibrous disk freely vortexed in the sample. Small nanofibrous disks with a diameter of 10 mm were cut from a compact and mechanically stable 1-2 mm thick micro/nanofibrous sheet. After 60 min extraction in a magnetically stirred sample located in a beaker, the disk was removed from the liquid and washed with water. Then, the disk was inserted into a 1.5 mL HPLC vial and extracted with 1.0 ml methanol upon short intensive shaking. Our approach avoided the undesired problems related to the manual handling typical of "classical" SPE procedure since the extraction was carried out directly in the HPLC vial. No sample evaporation, reconstitution, or pipetting was required. The nanofibrous disk is affordable, needs no support or holder, and its use avoids creation of plastic waste originating from disposable materials. Recovery of compounds from the disks was 47.2-141.4% depending on the type of polymer used and the relative standard deviations calculated from 5 extractions ranged from 6.1 to 11.8% for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), 6.3-14.8% for polyurethane, and 1.7-16.2% for polycaprolactone doped with graphene. A small enrichment factor was obtained for polar bisphenol S using all sorbents. A higher preconcentration reaching up to 40-fold was achieved for lipophilic compounds such as deltamethrin when using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and graphene-doped polycaprolactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavomíra Zatrochová
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ivona Lhotská
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Erben
- The Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Studentská 1402/2, 46001, Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Chvojka
- The Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Studentská 1402/2, 46001, Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - František Švec
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chocholouš
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Šatínský
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Jatkowska N, Paszkiewicz M, Caban M, Fares MY, Dogan A, Garrigues S, Manousi N, Kalogiouri N, Nowak PM, Samanidou VF, de la Guardia M. Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction techniques for different kind of pollutants analysis: State of the art and future perspectives – PART 1. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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5
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Colorimetric analysis based on solid-phase extraction with sedimentable dispersed particulates: demonstration of concept and application for on-site environmental water analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:8389-8400. [PMID: 36260127 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A novel simple and functional colorimetric methodology for on-site environmental water analysis was proposed. This method combines coloration of the analyte and extraction of the colored species on dispersed particulates during their sedimentation in the same container. The whole analysis can be performed within 15 min by comprising the addition of 1 mL of sample solution into a 1.5-mL microtube containing the powders of coloring reagents and the sedimentable fine particulates as an adsorbent. The analyte is determined by comparing the sediment color with the standard color by visual inspection or the color information of the photo image. The potential of this methodology was demonstrated through developing colorimetry for Fe2+ with o-phenanthroline, NO2- by azo-dye formation, HCHO by the MBTH method, and PO43- by the 4-aminoantipyrine method based on the enzyme reactions. The material, size, amount of the adsorbent particles, and other conditions were optimized for each analytes. The advantages of the methodology were as follows: high sensitivity, easy controllability of the sensitivity over the wide range by the amount, size, and material of the particulates, lower interference from the colored matrix components due to obtaining the color data from not the aqueous phase but the sedimented particulates, and acceleration of the color development rate by the particulates as seen in NO2- determination as consequence shorten the operation time. A simple device equipped with twin cells was proposed for on-site analysis which contains two successive different coloring operations. The developed methods were successfully applied to the environmental water samples with the good agreement of the results with those by the usual instrumental methods.
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6
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Li M, Li P, Han Y, Han D, Yan H. Rapid and inexpensive nylon-66-filter solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for analyzing perfluorinated carboxylic acids in milk. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Song N, Tian Y, Luo Z, Dai J, Liu Y, Duan Y. Advances in pretreatment and analysis methods of aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6099-6113. [PMID: 35424557 PMCID: PMC8981609 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08633b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene compounds that are prevalent in the soil as organic pollutants mainly include BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three xylene isomers) and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). These pose a severe threat to many aspects of human health. Therefore, the accurate measurement of BTEX and PAHs concentrations in the soil is of great importance. The samples for analysis of BTEX and PAHs need to be suitable for the various detection methods after pretreatment, which include Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, solid-phase microextraction, supercritical extraction, and needle trap. The detection techniques mainly consist of gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), and online sensors, and provide comprehensive information on contaminants in the soil. Their performance is evaluated in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and recovery. Recently, there has been rapid progress in the pretreatment and analysis methods for the quantitative and qualitative analyses of BTEX and PAHs. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a timely and in-depth review of the emerging pretreatment and analysis methods, which is unfortunately absent from the recent literature. In this work, state-of-art extraction techniques and analytical methods have been summarized for the determination of BTEX and PAHs in soil, with a particular focus on the potential and limitations of the respective methods for different aromatic hydrocarbons. Accordingly, the paper will describe the basic methodological knowledge, as well as the recent advancement of pretreatment and analysis methods for samples containing BTEX and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Song
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yonghui Tian
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Zewei Luo
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Jianxiong Dai
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yan Liu
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
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8
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Gao M, Zhang X, Ma S, Wang J, Mammah M, Du L, Wang X. Ionic-liquid-based effervescence-enhanced magnetic solid-phase extraction for organophosphorus pesticide detection in water samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:661-671. [PMID: 35084403 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01698a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an ionic-liquid-based effervescence-enhanced magnetic solid-phase extraction (ILE-MSPE) approach for the extraction/concentration of organophosphorus pesticides in waters is reported with high stability and portability for rapid sample pretreatment in the field. The ionic-liquid-based magnetic effervescent tablet, composed of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as an alkaline source, and an ionic liquid ([C6MIM][PF6]), played triple functions: extractant, dispersant, and retrieving agent. Based on the one-factor-at-a-time method, the important variables for the ILE-MSPE approach were optimized as follows: as an extractant, 70 μL of [C6MIM][PF6]; molar ratio of alkaline to acidic sources (Na2CO3 : H2C4H4O6) as 1 : 1; and mass of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of 30 mg. By integrating HPLC-DAD detection, the ILE-MSPE approach offered the limits of detection of 0.14-0.22 μg L-1 and fortified recoveries of 81.4-97.6% for three representative species (methamidophos, phoxim, and parathion) in water samples. The relative standard deviations were lower than 4.9% for both the intra-day and inter-day precision. Overall, the newly developed method is environmentally benign, time-saving, and feasible for outdoor application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
- College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
| | - Sai Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Marcus Mammah
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
| | - Liyang Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China.
- College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
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9
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Saez J, Catalan-Carrio R, Owens RM, Basabe-Desmonts L, Benito-Lopez F. Microfluidics and materials for smart water monitoring: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1186:338392. [PMID: 34756264 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Water quality monitoring of drinking, waste, fresh and seawaters is of great importance to ensure safety and wellbeing for humans, fauna and flora. Researchers are developing robust water monitoring microfluidic devices but, the delivery of a cost-effective, commercially available platform has not yet been achieved. Conventional water monitoring is mainly based on laboratory instruments or sophisticated and expensive handheld probes for on-site analysis, both requiring trained personnel and being time-consuming. As an alternative, microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool with the capacity to replace conventional analytical systems. Nevertheless, microfluidic devices largely use conventional pumps and valves for operation and electronics for sensing, that increment the dimensions and cost of the final platforms, reducing their commercialization perspectives. In this review, we critically analyze the characteristics of conventional microfluidic devices for water monitoring, focusing on different water sources (drinking, waste, fresh and seawaters), and their application in commercial products. Moreover, we introduce the revolutionary concept of using functional materials such as hydrogels, poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels and ionogels as alternatives to conventional fluidic handling and sensing tools, for water monitoring in microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janire Saez
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Bioelectronic Systems Technology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Raquel Catalan-Carrio
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Bioelectronic Systems Technology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
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10
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Hu H, Zhao M, Jin H. Determination of polyhalogenated carbazoles in waters at low nanogram-per-liter concentrations with solid-phase disk extraction. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3840-3848. [PMID: 34375032 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polyhalogenated carbazoles, a class of emerging contaminants with persistence and dioxin-like toxicity, have received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, a simple, rapid, sensitive, and high throughput method based on solid-phase disk extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was described for the determination of polyhalogenated carbazoles in low nanogram-per-liter range in water samples. The proposed solid-phase disk extraction method was initially optimized, and the optimum experimental conditions found were 1 L water sample (pH 6-9) extracted and enriched by Empore 3-stn octadecyl disk at flow rate of 5 to 50 mL/min and eluted by 5 mL of acetone and 3 × 10 mL methylene dichloride. The linearity of the method ranged from 0.2 to 50 ng/L for carbazole and 11 polyhalogenated carbazoles, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9951 to 0.9996. The limits of detection were in the low nanogram per liter level, ranging from 0.018 to 0.12 ng/L. Finally, the optimized method was applied for determining trace levels of carbazole and 11 polyhalogenated carbazoles in tap water and seawater samples with good recovery of 86.6-112.8%. Carbazole and 3-7 polyhalogenated carbazoles were detected, and 3,6-dichlorocarbazole was the predominant congener both in tap water and seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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11
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Ahmad H, Liu C. Ultra-thin graphene oxide membrane deposited on highly porous anodized aluminum oxide surface for heavy metal ions preconcentration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125661. [PMID: 34088213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Analyte extraction using graphene oxide (GO) can be challenging owing to the stochastic behavior of the permeation of water molecules and heavy metal ions, imperfect pore structures, and irregular distribution of multi-layer sheets. We prepared a free standing, through-hole graphene oxide membrane deposited on porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate. The hydrophilicity of the GO membrane was improved via oxygen plasma treatment. The resulting AAO-GO membrane was used as novel adsorbent for the heavy metal ions preconcentration prior to their determination using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. This sub-micrometer-thick membrane allowed unimpeded permeation of water molecules via two-dimensional capillaries formed across the pores and in between the closely spaced GO sheets. The proposed method shows good detection limit of 1.2 ng L-1, and the co-existing ions did not affect the extraction efficiency of the adsorbent. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analyzing standard reference materials, where the Student's t-test values were less than the critical Student's t-value of 4.303 (95% confidence level). Good precision was achieved, as coefficients of variation ranged between 4% and 5%. The developed SPE adsorbent is a promising alternative for bulk adsorbents owing to the wide variety of available 2D materials and deposition methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, PR China
| | - Changkun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, Shenzhen University, 518060, PR China.
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12
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Kanu AB. Recent developments in sample preparation techniques combined with high-performance liquid chromatography: A critical review. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1654:462444. [PMID: 34380070 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review article compares and contrasts sample preparation techniques coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and describes applications developed in biomedical, forensics, and environmental/industrial hygiene in the last two decades. The proper sample preparation technique can offer valued data for a targeted application when coupled to HPLC and a suitable detector. Improvements in sample preparation techniques in the last two decades have resulted in efficient extraction, cleanup, and preconcentration in a single step, thus providing a pathway to tackle complex matrix applications. Applications such as biological therapeutics, proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, environmental/industrial hygiene, forensics, glycan cleanup, etc., have been significantly enhanced due to improved sample preparation techniques. This review looks at the early sample preparation techniques. Further, it describes eight sample preparation technique coupled to HPLC that has gained prominence in the last two decades. They are (1) solid-phase extraction (SPE), (2) liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), (3) gel permeation chromatography (GPC), (4) Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged, Safe (QuEChERS), (5) solid-phase microextraction (SPME), (6) ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction (UASE), and (7) microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MWASE). SPE, LLE, GPC, QuEChERS, and SPME can be used offline and online with HPLC. UASE and MWASE can be used offline with HPLC but have also been combined with the online automated techniques of SPE, LLE, GPC, or QuEChERS for targeted analysis. Three application areas of biomedical, forensics, and environmental/industrial hygiene are reviewed for the eight sample preparation techniques. Three hundred and twenty references on the eight sample preparation techniques published over the last two decades (2001-2021) are provided. Other older references were included to illustrate the historical development of sample preparation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakarr Kanu
- Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, United States.
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13
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Mirmont E, Bœuf A, Charmel M, Vaslin-Reimann S, Lalère B, Laprévote O, Lardy-Fontan S. Development and implementation of an analytical procedure for the quantification of natural and synthetic steroid hormones in whole surface waters. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1175:122732. [PMID: 33992977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic steroid hormones are chronically released into aquatic spheres. Whereas knowledge on their combined mode of action and the cocktail effect are needed, only few multi-class methods address the challenge of their trace quantification in surface waters. The current study describes a sensitive multi-residue analytical strategy aiming to quantify 23 steroid hormones belonging to androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids and progestogens in whole surface waters. The procedure relies on a two-step solid-phase extraction followed by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography separation coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection (UPLC-MS/MS). Isotope dilution was implemented when possible in order to ensure the reliability of the measurement. The procedure was optimized toward the reliable quantification of the 23 target compounds at the predicted no-effect concentrations when existing or below the ng L-1 level. Satisfactory absolute global recoveries ≥ 77% were obtained for almost all compounds (21 out of 23) in intermediate precision conditions. Measurement errors were comprised between -27% and +17% for the great majority of compounds (21 out of 23) with standard deviations < 20% in intermediate precision conditions. Despite signal suppression was observed in water samples, satisfactory limits of quantification were achieved, ranging from 0.035 ng L-1 for 17alpha-ethinylestradiol to 1 ng L-1 for 6beta-hydroxycortisol and 6beta-hydroxydexamethasone. Abiotic stability was demonstrated for the great majority of target compounds (22 out of 23) in reference water samples stored at 4 ± 3 °C during 48 h, driving our sampling strategy. To demonstrate its fitness for purpose, the procedure was implemented in a preliminary monitoring survey of Belgian surface waters. As a result, 6 out of 23 target compounds were detected or quantified, showing a contamination by some estrogens and glucocorticoids at levels ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 ng L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mirmont
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France; UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - A Bœuf
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - M Charmel
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - S Vaslin-Reimann
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - B Lalère
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - O Laprévote
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, 24 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - S Lardy-Fontan
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France.
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14
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Erarpat S, Bodur S, Bakırdere S. Nanoparticles Based Extraction Strategies for Accurate and Sensitive Determination of Different Pesticides. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1370-1385. [PMID: 33576246 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1876552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation methods have become indispensable steps in analytical measurements not only to lower the detection limit but also to eliminate the matrix effect although more sophisticated instruments are being commonly used in routine analyses. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is one of the main extraction/preconcentration methods used to extract and purify target analytes along with simple and rapid procedures but some limitations have led to seek for an easy, sensitive and fast extraction methods with analyte-selective sorbents. Nanoparticles with different modifications have been used as spotlight to enhance extraction efficiency of target pesticides from complicated matrices. Carbon-based, metal and metal oxides, silica and polymer-based nanoparticles have been explored as promising sorbents for pesticide extraction. In this review, different types of nanoparticles used in the preconcentration of pesticides in various samples are outlined and examined. Latest studies in the literature are discussed in terms of their instrumental detection, sample matrix and limit of detection values. Novel strategies and future directions of nanoparticles used in the extraction and preconcentration of pesticides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Hagarová I. Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction as a Promising Technique for Fast Separation of Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Ionic Species: A Review of Recent Advances. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8847565. [PMID: 32963882 PMCID: PMC7502132 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8847565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a wide variety of industrial as well as medical sectors is indisputable. This leads to a new concern about their presence in various environmental compartments. Since their negative effect and potential toxicity impact have been confirmed, analytical chemists focus on the development of different procedures for their reliable detection, identification, characterization, and quantification, not only in homogenous and simple matrices but also in complex environmental matrices. However, nanoparticles and their ionic species can coexist and their toxicity may differ; therefore, novel analytical approaches are necessary to monitor not only the nanoparticles but also their ionic species. The aim of this article is to bring a review of recent works where magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) procedures in connection with spectrometric methods were used for separation/preconcentration and quantification of (1) silver and gold ions in various environmental samples, (2) AgNPs and AuNPs in real water samples in the presence of various coexisting ions, and (3) both species (it means Ag ions and AgNPs; Au ions and AuNPs) in real water samples. The results presented herein show the great analytical potential of MSPE procedures in connection with spectrometric methods used in these fields and can be helpful in guiding analytical chemists who aim to work on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hagarová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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16
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Saini SS, Martini MF, Moglioni AG, Copello GJ. Integrated SPE-Self assembled MEPS platform for ultrasensitive determination of mononitrophenols in water: Experimental, computational and applicability studies. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Simultaneous determination of cartap and its metabolite in tea using hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the combination of dispersive solid phase extraction and solid phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1600:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Recent Advances and Trends in Applications of Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques in Food and Environmental Analysis. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Kapsi M, Tsoutsi C, Paschalidou A, Albanis T. Environmental monitoring and risk assessment of pesticide residues in surface waters of the Louros River (N.W. Greece). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:2188-2198. [PMID: 30292989 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine environments are being constantly stressed by new sources of pollution (e.g. pesticides) derived from activities of industry and intensive agriculture. The present study aims at quantify pesticides of three different categories (fungicides, herbicides and insecticides) in the Louros River (Epirus region, North-Western Greece). A monitoring study of 34 compounds was carried out in surface river waters from June 2011 until May 2012. Seven water sampling stations were established and 35 water samples were collected. A solid-phase extraction (SPE) method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), depending on the compound, was developed and validated. During the monitoring study 25 pesticides were detected (13 herbicides, 9 insecticides, 3 fungicides). The most commonly encountered pesticides were quizalofop-ethyl, trifluralin and pendimethaline. Tebufenpyrad was found in all sampling stations and seasons, with the highest concentrations of 0.330 μg/L at Tsopeli Lagoon exceeding the rather low concentrations reported nationwide. Regarding the environmental risk due to the presence of target compounds in surface waters, this was estimated by calculating risk quotients (RQs) for different aquatic organisms (algae, zooplankton and fish). The results denoted a possible threat for the aquatic environment, rendering in this way the RQ method as a useful screening tool. In any case, further extensive study is needed for acetochlor, pirimiphos-methyl, endosulfan-a and azinphos-ethyl in order to better correlate their occurrence and potential toxic effects in aquatic life and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Kapsi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Charoula Tsoutsi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Anastasia Paschalidou
- Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
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20
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Barion A, Balsaa P, Werres F, Neuhaus U, Schmidt TC. Stability of organochlorine pesticides during storage in water and loaded SPE disks containing sediment. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:57-64. [PMID: 29986224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With regard to the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the required investigation of the whole water sample including suspended particulate matter (SPM), a storage stability study was conducted to determine the suitable storage time and conditions of 21 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) spiked in water samples and pre-concentrated on solid-phase extraction disks (SPE disks). Furthermore, this work demonstrates the behaviour of three different certified sediment reference materials (CRMs) contaminated with OCPs in water samples as well as loaded on SPE disks under different temperature conditions and storage time periods. Extracts collected on SPE disks were stored for 3, 14 and 30 days at both 4 °C and -18 °C in darkness covered in (a) freezer bags and (b) aluminum foil. With few exceptions the results of these tests demonstrate stability of OCPs up to 30 days at -18 °C. The recoveries for most substances range between 84% and 133%. Furthermore, the stability of OCPs in water samples additionally spiked with CRM up to 500 mg and stored at a temperature of 4 °C in darkness up to 56 days was investigated. The addition of sodium azide enhanced the stability of some substances during storage, especially the endosulfans (I, II) but most substances were stable regardless of sodium azide addition over the entire storage period. An important conclusion of this study is that the storage of loaded SPE disks is an appropriate alternative to storing water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Barion
- IWW WaterCentre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Peter Balsaa
- IWW WaterCentre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Werres
- IWW WaterCentre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Ursula Neuhaus
- IWW WaterCentre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- IWW WaterCentre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
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21
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Zhang Y, Chen D, Hong Z, Zhou S, Zhao Y. Polymeric ion exchange material based dispersive micro solid-phase extraction of lipophilic marine toxins in seawater followed by the Q Exactive mass spectrometer analysis using a scheduled high resolution parallel reaction monitoring. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Ying LL, Wang DY, Yang HP, Deng XY, Peng C, Zheng C, Xu B, Dong LY, Wang X, Xu L, Zhang YW, Wang XH. Synthesis of boronate-decorated polyethyleneimine-grafted porous layer open tubular capillaries for enrichment of polyphenols in fruit juices. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1544:23-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Hemmati M, Rajabi M, Asghari A. Magnetic nanoparticle based solid-phase extraction of heavy metal ions: A review on recent advances. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:160. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Kafeenah HIS, Osman R, Bakar NKA. Disk solid-phase extraction of multi-class pharmaceutical residues in tap water and hospital wastewater, prior to ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analyses. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40358-40368. [PMID: 35558236 PMCID: PMC9091434 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06885b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a new clean-up and pre-concentration method based on disk solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed to determine multi-class pharmaceutical residues covering a wide range of polarities (log Kow values from −0.5 to 5.1) in water systems, prior to ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analyses. Electrospray ionisation in positive and negative modes was used for the simultaneous determination of both acidic and basic pharmaceuticals. The performances of disk SPE and cartridge SPE were compared. The targeted pharmaceutical compounds list included bronchodilators, antidiabetic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, a lipid-lowering agent, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Based on our results, the disk SPE demonstrated a higher sensitivity and recovery value and less analysis time as compared to the cartridge SPE method. The limits of detection (LOD) for the new method ranged from 0.02–3.2 ng L−1, 0.02–3.1 ng L−1 and 0.02–4.7 ng L−1 for tap, effluent and influent wastewater, respectively. The method's absolute recovery values ranged from 70% to 122% for tap water, 62% to 121% for effluent wastewater and 62% to 121% for influent wastewater, except for metformin in which the absolute recovery value was approximately 48% for all samples. Intra-day precision for tap water, effluent and influent wastewater ranged from 3–12%, 4–9% and 2–8%, respectively. The method developed was applied for the determination of targeted pharmaceuticals in tap, effluent, and influent wastewater from one hospital treatment plant in Malaysia. The results revealed that the highest concentrations of certain pharmaceuticals were up to 49 424 ng L−1 (acetaminophen) and 1763 ng L−1 (caffeine) in the influent and effluent wastewater, respectively. The results also showed a variation in the treatment efficiencies for the hospital treatment plant from one compound to another. Nevertheless, the removal efficiencies ranged from 0–99%. A new sensitive analytical method was developed for pharmaceuticals with a very wide range of polarities, and log Kow ranging from −0.5 to 5.12.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam I. S. Kafeenah
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Rozita Osman
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
- Universiti Teknologi MARA
- 40450 Shah Alam
- Malaysia
| | - N. K. A. Bakar
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
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25
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Dispersive magnetic immunoaffinity extraction. Anatoxin-a determination. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1529:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Poole CF. Partition constant database for totally organic biphasic systems. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1527:18-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Determination of phthalates in bottled water by automated on-line solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography with uv detection. Talanta 2017; 168:291-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Inter-laboratory validation of a thin film microextraction technique for determination of pesticides in surface water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Zarejousheghani M, Schrader S, Möder M, Schmidt M, Borsdorf H. A new strategy for accelerated extraction of target compounds using molecularly imprinted polymer particles embedded in a paper-based disk. J Mol Recognit 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mashaalah Zarejousheghani
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department Monitoring and Exploration Technologies; Leipzig Germany
| | - Steffi Schrader
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Leipzig Germany
| | - Monika Möder
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Leipzig Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, ProVIS-Centre for Chemical Microscopy; Leipzig Germany
| | - Helko Borsdorf
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department Monitoring and Exploration Technologies; Leipzig Germany
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30
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Zdolšek N, Kumrić K, Kalijadis A, Trtić-Petrović T. Solid-phase extraction disk based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the enrichment of targeted pesticides from aqueous samples. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1564-1571. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Zdolšek
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ksenija Kumrić
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ana Kalijadis
- Laboratory of Materials Sciences, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Tatjana Trtić-Petrović
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
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31
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Alcudia-León M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M, Kabir A, Furton KG. Integrated sampling and analysis unit for the determination of sexual pheromones in environmental air using fabric phase sorptive extraction and headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1488:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Piri-Moghadam H, Ahmadi F, Pawliszyn J. A critical review of solid phase microextraction for analysis of water samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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33
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Dimpe KM, Nomngongo PN. Current sample preparation methodologies for analysis of emerging pollutants in different environmental matrices. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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34
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Andrade-Eiroa A, Canle M, Leroy-Cancellieri V, Cerdà V. Solid-phase extraction of organic compounds: A critical review (Part I). Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Günter A, Balsaa P, Werres F, Schmidt TC. Influence of the drying step within disk-based solid-phase extraction both on the recovery and the limit of quantification of organochlorine pesticides in surface waters including suspended particulate matter. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1450:1-8. [PMID: 27173769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 21 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined based on sample preparation using solid-phase extraction disks (SPE disks) coupled with programmable temperature vaporizer (PTV)-large-volume injection gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (LVI-GC-MS). The work includes a comprehensive testing scheme on the suitability of the method for routine analysis of surface and drinking water including suspended particulate matter (SPM) with regard to requirements derived from the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, Directive 2000/60/EC). SPM is an important reservoir for OCPs, which contributes to the transport of these compounds in the aquatic environment. To achieve the detection limits required by the WFD, a high pre-concentration factor during sample preparation is necessary, which was achieved by disk SPE in this study. The performance of disk SPE is strongly influenced by the drying step, which could be significantly improved by effective elimination of the residual water by combination of a high vacuum pump and a low humidity atmosphere. Detection limits of the WFD in the ng/L range were achieved by large volume injection of 100μL sample extract. The recoveries ranged from 82% to 117% with an RSD smaller than 13%. The applicability of this method to natural samples was tested for instrumental qualification and system suitability evaluation. Successful participation in an interlaboratory comparison proved the suitability of the method for routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Günter
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Peter Balsaa
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Werres
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
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36
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Křesinová Z, Linhartová L, Petrů K, Krejčová L, Šrédlová K, Lhotský O, Kameník Z, Cajthaml T. Method for analysis of psychopharmaceuticals in real industrial wastewater and groundwater with suspended organic particulate matter using solid phase extraction disks extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1440:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Szczepańska N, de la Guardia M, Namieśnik J. Modern trends in solid phase extraction: New sorbent media. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Yang M, Wu X, Jia Y, Xi X, Yang X, Lu R, Zhang S, Gao H, Zhou W. Use of magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to extract fungicides from environmental waters with the aid of experimental design methodology. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 906:118-127. [PMID: 26772131 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel effervescence-assisted microextraction technique was proposed for the detection of four fungicides. This method combines ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with the magnetic retrieval of the extractant. A magnetic effervescent tablet composed of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, sodium carbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) was used for extractant dispersion and retrieval. The main factors affecting the extraction efficiency were screened by a Plackett-Burman design and optimized by a central composite design. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained for all analytes in pure water model and real water samples. Just for the pure water, the recoveries were between 84.6% and 112.8%, the limits of detection were between 0.02 and 0.10 μg L(-1) and the intra-day precision and inter-day precision both are lower than 4.9%. This optimized method was successfully applied in the analysis of four fungicides (azoxystrobin, triazolone, cyprodinil, trifloxystrobin) in environmental water samples and the recoveries ranged between 70.7% and 105%. The procedure promising to be a time-saving, environmentally friendly, and efficient field sampling technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyi Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhan Jia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuefei Xi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Runhua Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sanbing Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Chen D, Zhang Y, Miao H, Zhao Y, Wu Y. Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Drinking Water by Dispersive Micro Solid Phase Extraction with Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9855-9862. [PMID: 26487365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel dispersive micro solid phase extraction (DMSPE) method based on a polymer cation exchange material (PCX) was applied to the simultaneous determination of the 30 triazine herbicides in drinking water with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometric detection. Drinking water samples were acidified with formic acid, and then triazines were adsorbed by the PCX sorbent. Subsequently, the analytes were eluted with ammonium hydroxide/acetonitrile. The chromatographic separation was performed on an HSS T3 column using water (4 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase. The method achieved LODs of 0.2-30.0 ng/L for the 30 triazines, with recoveries in the range of 70.5-112.1%, and the precision of the method was better than 12.7%. These results indicated that the proposed method had the advantages of convenience and high efficiency when applied to the analysis of the 30 triazines in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration , Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Beijing 100021, China
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Kyzas GZ, Nanaki SG, Koltsakidou A, Papageorgiou M, Kechagia M, Bikiaris DN, Lambropoulou DA. Effectively designed molecularly imprinted polymers for selective isolation of the antidiabetic drug metformin and its transformation product guanylurea from aqueous media. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 866:27-40. [PMID: 25732690 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with remarkable recognition properties for metformin and its transformation product, guanylurea, have been prepared for their selective, enrichment, isolation and removal from aqueous media. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and swelling experiments. The performance of the prepared MIPs was evaluated by various parameters including the influence of pH, contact time, temperature and initial compound concentration. The effects on the adsorption behavior of the removal process parameters were studied and the equilibrium data were fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Due to the imprinting effect, adsorption performance of MIPs was always superior to its corresponding NIP (non-imprinted polymer), with maximum adsorption capacity ∼80 mg g(-1) for both MIPs. Stability and reusability of the MIPs up to the 5th cycle meant that they could be applied repeatedly without losing substantial removal ability. In the next step, the prepared MIP nanoparticles were evaluated as sorbents in a dispersive solid phase extraction (D-SPE) configuration for selective enrichment and determination of metformin and guanylurea in different aqueous matrices. Under the working extraction conditions, the D-SPE method showed good linearity in the range of 50-1000 ng L(-1), repeatability of the extractions (RSD 2.1-5.1%, n=3), and low limits of detection (1.5-3.4 ng L(-1)). The expanded uncertainty of the data obtained was estimated following a bottom-up approach. The proposed method combined the advantages of MIPs and D-SPE, and it could become an alternative tool for analyzing the residues of METF and its transformation product GUA in complex water matrices, such as wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Z Kyzas
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula G Nanaki
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Koltsakidou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Myrsini Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Kechagia
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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