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Hořejší K, Holčapek M. Unraveling the complexity of glycosphingolipidome: the key role of mass spectrometry in the structural analysis of glycosphingolipids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:5403-5421. [PMID: 39138658 PMCID: PMC11427620 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSL) are a highly heterogeneous class of lipids representing the majority of the sphingolipid category. GSL are fundamental constituents of cellular membranes that have key roles in various biological processes, such as cellular signaling, recognition, and adhesion. Understanding the structural complexity of GSL is pivotal for unraveling their functional significance in a biological context, specifically their crucial role in the pathophysiology of various diseases. Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a versatile and indispensable tool for the structural elucidation of GSL enabling a deeper understanding of their complex molecular structures and their key roles in cellular dynamics and patholophysiology. Here, we provide a thorough overview of MS techniques tailored for the analysis of GSL, emphasizing their utility in probing GSL intricate structures to advance our understanding of the functional relevance of GSL in health and disease. The application of tandem MS using diverse fragmentation techniques, including novel ion activation methodologies, in studying glycan sequences, linkage positions, and fatty acid composition is extensively discussed. Finally, we address current challenges, such as the detection of low-abundance species and the interpretation of complex spectra, and offer insights into potential solutions and future directions by improving MS instrumentation for enhanced sensitivity and resolution, developing novel ionization techniques, or integrating MS with other analytical approaches for comprehensive GSL characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Hořejší
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holčapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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2
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Sousa S, Paíga P, Pestana D, Faria G, Delerue-Matos C, Ramalhosa MJ, Calhau C, Domingues VF. Evaluating the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioaccumulation in adipose tissue of obese women. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141673. [PMID: 38462176 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread across the environment and humans are unavoidably and constantly exposed to them. As lipophilic contaminants, these substances tend to accumulate in fatty tissues as adipose tissue and exposure to these endocrine disruptors has been associated with severe health hazards including prevalence and incidence of obesity. Previous studies have shown significantly higher concentrations of PAHs in adipose tissue compared to other human samples, such as urine and plasma, which are typically used for PAHs assessment. Therefore, conducting biomonitoring studies in adipose tissue is essential, although such studies are currently limited. In this study, the concentrations of 18 PAHs were measured in subcutaneous (scAT) and visceral adipose tissue (vAT) of 188 Portuguese obese females by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained results were then associated with the patient's data namely: 13 clinical, 4 social, and 42 biochemical parameters. Seventeen PAHs were present, at least, in one sample of both scAT and vAT, most of them with detection frequencies higher than 80%. Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene (InP) was the only PAH never detected. Overall higher concentrations of PAHs were observed in scAT. Median concentrations of ∑PAHs were 32.2 ± 10.0 ng/g in scAT and 24.6 ± 10.0 ng/g in vAT. Thirty-six significant associations (7 with social, 18 with clinical, and 11 with biochemical parameters), including 21 Spearman's correlations were identified (12 positive and 9 negative correlations). Indicating the potential effects of PAHs on various parameters such as obesity evolution, body fat, number of adipocytes, total cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, macrominerals, uric acid, sedimentation velocity, and luteinizing hormone. This study underscores the significance of biomonitoring PAH levels in adipose tissue and their potential effects on metabolic health. Further research is essential to fully comprehend the metabolic implications of PAHs in the human body and to develop strategies for obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sousa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal; Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Paula Paíga
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Pestana
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Gil Faria
- Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Ramalhosa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
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3
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Isabella Cestaro B, Cavalcanti Machado K, Batista M, José Gonçalves da Silva B. Hollow-fiber liquid phase microextraction for determination of fluoxetine in human serum by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1234:124018. [PMID: 38286102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a personalized care tool based on the determination of a target drug concentration in human serum. An antidepressant drug of interest for such investigations is fluoxetine (FXT), due to a severe impact of genetic polymorphisms on its metabolism. A bioanalytical method employed for TDM purposes must exhibit satisfactory selectivity and detectability, which becomes more difficult due to highly complex biological matrices. In this study, a highly selective bioanalytical method for the determination of FXT in human serum is proposed, which provides excellent clean-up efficiency based on a low cost hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) sample preparation step and nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (nano-LC-HRMS). HF-LPME was performed using a two-phase "U" configuration, with 6 cm fiber, 20 µL of 1-octanol acting as supported liquid membrane, and ammonium hydroxide (pH 10) as the donor phase with NaCl (10 % m/v) and methanol (5 % v/v) as additives, requiring only 250 µL of the sample. The procedure was conducted for 30 min under a 750 rpm stirring rate. Gradient elution was carried out employing an acetonitrile-water as mobile phase, the composition of 30:70 to 100:00 (v/v) for 15 min, using formic acid 0.1 % (v/v) as an additive. MS1 was acquired in an Orbitrap mass analyzer, while MS2 was acquired in a linear trap quadrupole. Satisfactory linearity (Pearson's r = 0.99709) was obtained for a concentration range of 0.02 to 2.5 µg mL-1, which is compatible with the therapeutic and toxic range for FXT. The developed method presents adequate precision (1.61 to 7.45 %) and accuracy (95 to 114 %) and allows the dilution of high concentration samples in a 1:4 ratio (v/v), enabling its application for forensic serum samples. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a method based on HF-LPME and nano-LC-HRMS with any analytical purpose, especially with a TDM focus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michel Batista
- Mass Spectrometry Facility RPT02H, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
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4
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Gerhardtova I, Jankech T, Majerova P, Piestansky J, Olesova D, Kovac A, Jampilek J. Recent Analytical Methodologies in Lipid Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2249. [PMID: 38396926 PMCID: PMC10889185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids represent a large group of biomolecules that are responsible for various functions in organisms. Diseases such as diabetes, chronic inflammation, neurological disorders, or neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases can be caused by lipid imbalance. Due to the different stereochemical properties and composition of fatty acyl groups of molecules in most lipid classes, quantification of lipids and development of lipidomic analytical techniques are problematic. Identification of different lipid species from complex matrices is difficult, and therefore individual analytical steps, which include extraction, separation, and detection of lipids, must be chosen properly. This review critically documents recent strategies for lipid analysis from sample pretreatment to instrumental analysis and data interpretation published in the last five years (2019 to 2023). The advantages and disadvantages of various extraction methods are covered. The instrumental analysis step comprises methods for lipid identification and quantification. Mass spectrometry (MS) is the most used technique in lipid analysis, which can be performed by direct infusion MS approach or in combination with suitable separation techniques such as liquid chromatography or gas chromatography. Special attention is also given to the correct evaluation and interpretation of the data obtained from the lipid analyses. Only accurate, precise, robust and reliable analytical strategies are able to bring complex and useful lipidomic information, which may contribute to clarification of some diseases at the molecular level, and may be used as putative biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gerhardtova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Timotej Jankech
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Olesova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 68/73, SK-041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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5
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Mahrous E, Chen R, Zhao C, Farag MA. Lipidomics in food quality and authentication: A comprehensive review of novel trends and applications using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:9058-9081. [PMID: 37165484 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2207659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lipid analysis is an integral part of food authentication and quality control which provides consumers with the necessary information to make an informed decision about their lipid intake. Recent advancement in lipid analysis and lipidome scope represents great opportunities for food science. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of available tools for extraction, analysis and interpretation of data related to dietary fats analyses. Different analytical platforms are discussed including GC, MS, NMR, IR and UV with emphasis on their merits and limitations alongside complementary tools such as chemometric models and lipid-targeted online databases. Applications presented here include quality control, authentication of organic and delicacy food, tracing dietary fat source and investigating the effect of heat/storage on lipids. A multitude of analytical methods with different sensitivity, affordability, reproducibility and ease of operation are now available to comprehensively analyze dietary fats. Application of these methods range from studies which favor the use of large data generating platforms such as MS-based methods, to routine quality control which demands easy to use affordable equipment as TLC and IR. Hence, this review provides a navigation tool for food scientists to help develop an optimal protocol for their future lipid analysis quest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engy Mahrous
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shi C, Zi Y, Huang S, Chen J, Wang X, Zhong J. Development and application of lipidomics for food research. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 104:1-42. [PMID: 37236729 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lipidomics is an emerging and promising omics derived from metabolomics to comprehensively analyze all of lipid molecules in biological matrices. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the development and application of lipidomics for food research. First, three aspects of sample preparation are introduced: food sampling, lipid extraction, and transportation and storage. Second, five types of instruments for data acquisition are summarized: direct infusion-mass spectrometry (MS), chromatographic separation-MS, ion mobility-MS, MS imaging, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Third, data acquisition and analysis software are described for the lipidomics software development. Fourth, the application of lipidomics for food research is discussed such as food origin and adulteration analysis, food processing research, food preservation research, and food nutrition and health research. All the contents suggest that lipidomics is a powerful tool for food research based on its ability of lipid component profile analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Shi
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zi
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shudan Huang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xichang Wang
- National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Shi J, Sun X, Wang Y, Yin S, Liu Y, Xu YJ. Foodomics reveals altered lipid and protein profiles of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) under different processing. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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8
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Nutritional lipidomics for the characterization of lipids in food. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023. [PMID: 37516469 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipids represent one out of three major macronutrient classes in the human diet. It is estimated to account for about 15-20% of the total dietary intake. Triacylglycerides comprise the majority of them, estimated 90-95%. Other lipid classes include free fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and plant sterols as minor components. Various methods are used for the characterization of nutritional lipids, however, lipidomics approaches become increasingly attractive for this purpose due to their wide coverage, comprehensiveness and holistic view on composition. In this chapter, analytical methodologies and workflows utilized for lipidomics profiling of food samples are outlined with focus on mass spectrometry-based assays. The chapter describes common lipid extraction protocols, the distinct instrumental mass-spectrometry based analytical platforms for data acquisition, chromatographic and ion-mobility spectrometry methods for lipid separation, briefly mentions alternative methods such as gas chromatography for fatty acid profiling and mass spectrometry imaging. Critical issues of important steps of lipidomics workflows such as structural annotation and identification, quantification and quality assurance are discussed as well. Applications reported over the period of the last 5years are summarized covering the discovery of new lipids in foodstuff, differential profiling approaches for comparing samples from different origin, species, varieties, cultivars and breeds, and for food processing quality control. Lipidomics as a powerful tool for personalized nutrition and nutritional intervention studies is briefly discussed as well. It is expected that this field is significantly growing in the near future and this chapter gives a short insight into the power of nutritional lipidomics approaches.
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Li B, Stuart DD, Shanta PV, Pike CD, Cheng Q. Probing Herbicide Toxicity to Algae ( Selenastrum capricornutum) by Lipid Profiling with Machine Learning and Microchip/MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:606-615. [PMID: 35289601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS)-based lipid profiling is a powerful method to study the cytotoxicity of chemical exposure to microorganisms at the single cell level. We report here a combined approach of machine learning (ML) and microchip-based MALDI-time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry to investigate the cytotoxic effect of herbicides on algae through single cell lipid profiling. Algal species Selenastrum capricornutum was chosen as the target system, and its exposure to different doses of common chemical herbicides and the resulting cytotoxic behaviors under various stress conditions were characterized. A lipid library for S. capricornutum has been established with 63 identified lipids that include glycosyldiacylglycerols and triacylglycerols. We demonstrated that major alternations occurred for lipids with functional groups of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), triacylglycerol (TAG), and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). DGDG was shown to decrease upon exposure to herbicides of norflurazon and atrazine, while some MGDG and TAG lipids would increase for norflurazon. Compared to other algae, S. capricornutum was more strongly impacted by norflurazon than atrazine while the latter was observed to have a greater effect on C. reinhardtii. Machine learning algorithms have been applied to improve the classification of herbicide impact and help identify lipid species affected by the chemical exposure. A total of 69 machine learning models were trained and tested for the identification of ideal algorithms in the classification process, in which flexible discriminant analysis and support vector machine model were found to be the most accurate and consistent. The ML algorithms accurately differentiated herbicide impact and have identified cytotoxic differences that were previously hidden. The results suggest that herbicides express toxicity among different algae likely on the basis of metabolic differences. The ML-assisted method proves to be highly effective and can provide an advanced technological platform for probing cytotoxicity for bacterial species and in metabolic pathway analysis.
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Calderón C, Lämmerhofer M. Enantioselective metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114430. [PMID: 34757254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics strives to capture the entirety of the metabolites in a biological system by comprehensive analysis, often by liquid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry. A particular challenge thereby is the differentiation of structural isomers. Common achiral targeted and untargeted assays do not distinguish between enantiomers. This may lead to information loss. An increasing number of publications demonstrate that the enantiomeric ratio of certain metabolites can be meaningful biomarkers of certain diseases emphasizing the importance of introducing enantioselective analytical procedures in metabolomics. In this work, the state-of-the-art in the field of LC-MS based metabolomics is summarized with focus on developments in the recent decade. Methodologies, tagging strategies, workflows and general concepts are outlined. Selected biological applications in which enantioselective metabolomics has documented its usefulness are briefly discussed. In general, targeted enantioselective metabolomics assays are often based on a direct approach using chiral stationary phases (CSP) with polysaccharide derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, chiral crown ethers, chiral ion exchangers, donor-acceptor phases as chiral selectors. Rarely, these targeted assays focus on more than 20 analytes and usually are restricted to a certain metabolite class. In a variety of cases, pre-column derivatization of metabolites has been performed, especially for amino acids, to improve separation and detection sensitivity. Triple quadrupole instruments are the detection methods of first choice in targeted assays. Here, issues like matrix effect, absence of blank matrix impair accuracy of results. In selected applications, multiple heart cutting 2D-LC (RP followed by chiral separation) has been pursued to overcome this problem and alleviate bias due to interferences. Non-targeted assays, on the other hand, are based on indirect approach involving tagging with a chiral derivatizing agent (CDA). Besides classical CDAs numerous innovative reagents and workflows have been proposed and are discussed. Thereby, a critical issue for the accuracy is often neglected, viz. the validation of the enantiomeric impurity in the CDA. The majority of applications focus on amino acids, hydroxy acids, oxidized fatty acids and oxylipins. Some potential clinical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calderón
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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11
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Huang Y, Ma R, Xu Y, Zhong K, Bu Q, Gao H. A Comparison of Lipid Contents in Different Types of Peanut Cultivars Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Lipidomic Study. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010004. [PMID: 35010129 PMCID: PMC8750182 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanuts are a rich dietary source of lipids, which are essential for human health. In this study, the lipid contents of 13 peanut cultivars were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC–MS. The OXITEST reactor was used to test their lipid oxidation stabilities. A total of 27 subclasses, 229 individual lipids were detected. The combined analysis of lipid and oxidation stability showed that lipid unsaturation was inversely correlated with oxidation stability. Moreover, lipid profiles differed significantly among the different peanut cultivars. A total of 11 lipid molecules (TG 18:2/18:2/18:2, TG 24:0/18:2/18:3, TG 20:5/14:1/18:2, TG 18:2/14:1/18:2, PE 17:0/18:2, BisMePA 18:2/18:2, PG 38:5, PMe 18:1/18:1, PC 18:1/18:1, MGDG 18:1/18:1, TG 10:0/10:1/18:1) might be employed as possible indicators to identify high oleic acid (OA) and non-high OA peanut cultivars, based on the PLS-DA result of lipid molecules with a VIP value greater than 2. This comprehensive analysis will help in the rational selection and application of peanut cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (R.M.); (K.Z.)
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (R.M.); (K.Z.)
| | - Yongju Xu
- Industrial Crops Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300, China;
| | - Kai Zhong
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (R.M.); (K.Z.)
| | - Qian Bu
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (R.M.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Lu Y, Eiriksson FF, Thorsteinsdóttir M, Simonsen HT. Effects of extraction parameters on lipid profiling of mosses using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and multivariate data analysis. Metabolomics 2021; 17:96. [PMID: 34669052 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-target lipid profiling by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) has been used extensively in the past decades in plant studies. However, the lipidomes of bryophytes have only been scarcely studied, although they are the second largest group in plant kingdom. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of different cell disruption methods (no disruption, shake, ultrasound, and bead beating), and storage conditions (air-dried, freeze-dried, and fresh frozen) of five moss species (including Racomitrium lanuginosum B and D, Philonotis fontana, Sphagnum teres, and Hylocomium splendens). METHODS The lipid profiling results of each extraction parameter were analyzed by using multivariate data analysis including unsupervised principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis. RESULTS The results showed that extraction with bead beating resulted in the highest lipid content and the most detected features, but these were caused by the contamination from plastic tubes. Minor lipid metabolite changes were found in shaking and ultrasonication methods when compared with no disruption method. Significant amounts of phosphatidylcholine, diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine and their lyso lipids were observed in air-dried moss tissues, whereas diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol and ceramide were mostly exclusively detected when fresh frozen tissues were used for extraction. CONCLUSION We concluded that lipid extraction using fresh frozen samples with ultrasound assistance provide the most original lipid composition and gave a relatively high lipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 223, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- ArcticMass, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Finnur Freyr Eiriksson
- ArcticMass, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Margrét Thorsteinsdóttir
- ArcticMass, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Henrik Toft Simonsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 223, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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13
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Vaswani A, Alcazar Magana A, Zimmermann E, Hasan W, Raman J, Maier CS. Comparative liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry lipidomics analysis of macaque heart tissue flash-frozen or embedded in optimal cutting temperature polymer (OCT): Practical considerations. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9155. [PMID: 34169582 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Biobanks of patient tissues have emerged as essential resources in biomedical research. Optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT) blends have shown to provide stability to the embedded tissue and are compatible with spectroscopic methods, such as infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Data derived from omics-methods are only useful if tissue damage caused by storage in OCT blends is minimal and well understood. In this context, we investigated the suitability of OCT storage for heart tissue destined for liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) lipidomic studies. METHODS To determine the compatibility of OCT storage with LC/MS/MS lipidomics studies. The lipid profiles of macaque heart tissue snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or stored in an OCT blend were evaluated. RESULTS We have evaluated a lipid extraction protocol suitable for OCT-embedded tissue that is compatible with LC/MS/MS. We annotated and evaluated the profiles of 306 lipid species from tissues stored in OCT or liquid nitrogen. For most of the lipid species (95.4%), the profiles were independent of the storage conditions. However, 4.6% of the lipid species; mainly plasmalogens, were affected by the storage method. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that OCT storage is compatible with LC-MS/MS lipidomics of heart tissue, facilitating the use of biobanked tissue samples for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Vaswani
- Department of Chemistry at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Shanta PV, Li B, Stuart DD, Cheng Q. Lipidomic Profiling of Algae with Microarray MALDI-MS toward Ecotoxicological Monitoring of Herbicide Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10558-10568. [PMID: 34286960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Misuse of agrochemicals has a long-lasting negative impact on aquatic systems. Mismanagement of herbicides in agri-food sectors is often linked to a simultaneous decline in the health of downstream waterways. However, monitoring the herbicide levels in these areas is a laborious task, and modern analytical approaches, such as solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, are low-throughput and require significant sample preparation. We report here the use of microchip technology in combination with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for the assessment of the ecotoxicological effect of agrochemicals on aquatic species at the single-cell level. This approach quantifies the fluctuations in lipid content in sentinel organisms and targets the microalga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii), as the model system. Specifically, we investigated the cytotoxicity of three herbicides (atrazine, clomazone, and norflurazon) on C. reinhardtii by analyzing the lipid component variation upon assorted herbicide exposure. Lipidomic profiling reveals a significantly altered lipid content at >EC50 in atrazine-exposed cells. The response for norflurazon showed similar trends but diminished in magnitude, while the result for clomazone was near muted. At lower herbicide concentrations, digalactosyldiacylglycerols showed a rapid decrease in abundance, while several other lipids displayed a moderate increase. The microchip-based MALDI technique demonstrates the ability to achieve lipidomic profiling of aquatic species exposed to different stressors, proving effective for high-throughput screening and single-cell analysis in ecotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Shanta
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Bochao Li
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Daniel D Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Quan Cheng
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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15
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Liakh I, Sledzinski T, Kaska L, Mozolewska P, Mika A. Sample Preparation Methods for Lipidomics Approaches Used in Studies of Obesity. Molecules 2020; 25:E5307. [PMID: 33203044 PMCID: PMC7696154 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with alterations in the composition and amounts of lipids. Lipids have over 1.7 million representatives. Most lipid groups differ in composition, properties and chemical structure. These small molecules control various metabolic pathways, determine the metabolism of other compounds and are substrates for the syntheses of different derivatives. Recently, lipidomics has become an important branch of medical/clinical sciences similar to proteomics and genomics. Due to the much higher lipid accumulation in obese patients and many alterations in the compositions of various groups of lipids, the methods used for sample preparations for lipidomic studies of samples from obese subjects sometimes have to be modified. Appropriate sample preparation methods allow for the identification of a wide range of analytes by advanced analytical methods, including mass spectrometry. This is especially the case in studies with obese subjects, as the amounts of some lipids are much higher, others are present in trace amounts, and obese subjects have some specific alterations of the lipid profile. As a result, it is best to use a method previously tested on samples from obese subjects. However, most of these methods can be also used in healthy, nonobese subjects or patients with other dyslipidemias. This review is an overview of sample preparation methods for analysis as one of the major critical steps in the overall analytical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Liakh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Lukasz Kaska
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Paulina Mozolewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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16
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Man KY, Chan CO, Tang HH, Dong NP, Capozzi F, Wong KH, Kwok KWH, Chan HM, Mok DKW. Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach for differentiation of beef of different geographic origins. Food Chem 2020; 338:127847. [PMID: 32947119 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Beef is a common staple food in many countries, and there is a growing concern over misinformation of beef products, such as false claims of origin, species and production methods. In this study, we used a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach to study the metabolite profiles of beef samples purchased from local retailers in Hong Kong. Using multivariate analysis, beef samples from different a) geographical origins, namely the United States (US), Japan and Australia, and b) feeding regimes could be differentiated. We identified twenty-four metabolites to distinguish beef samples from different countries, ten metabolites to identify Angus beef samples from others and seven metabolites to discriminate Australian beef produced by the organic farming from that produced using other farming modes. Based on results of this study, it is concluded that metabolomics provides an efficient strategy for tracing and authenticating beef products to ensure their quality and to protect consumer rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-On Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hok-Him Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Nai-Ping Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Francesco Capozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena FC, Italy.
| | - Ka-Hing Wong
- Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kevin Wing Hin Kwok
- Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Center for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Daniel Kam-Wah Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Sun T, Wang X, Cong P, Xu J, Xue C. Mass spectrometry-based lipidomics in food science and nutritional health: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2530-2558. [PMID: 33336980 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With the advance in science and technology as well as the improvement of living standards, the function of food is no longer just to meet the needs of survival. Food science and its associated nutritional health issues have been increasingly debated. Lipids, as complex metabolites, play a key role both in food and human health. Taking advantages of mass spectrometry (MS) by combining its high sensitivity and accuracy with extensive selective determination of all lipid classes, MS-based lipidomics has been employed to resolve the conundrum of addressing both qualitative and quantitative aspects of high-abundance and low-abundance lipids in complex food matrices. In this review, we systematically summarize current applications of MS-based lipidomics in food field. First, common MS-based lipidomics procedures are described. Second, the applications of MS-based lipidomics in food science, including lipid composition characterization, adulteration, traceability, and other issues, are discussed. Third, the application of MS-based lipidomics for nutritional health covering the influence of food on health and disease is introduced. Finally, future research trends and challenges are proposed. MS-based lipidomics plays an important role in the field of food science, promoting continuous development of food science and integration of food knowledge with other disciplines. New methods of MS-based lipidomics have been developed to improve accuracy and sensitivity of lipid analysis in food samples. These developments offer the possibility to fully characterize lipids in food samples, identify novel functional lipids, and better understand the role of food in promoting healt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xincen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Peixu Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Qingdao, China
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18
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Aldana J, Romero-Otero A, Cala MP. Exploring the Lipidome: Current Lipid Extraction Techniques for Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060231. [PMID: 32503331 PMCID: PMC7345237 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, high-throughput lipid profiling has contributed to understand the biological, physiological and pathological roles of lipids in living organisms. Across all kingdoms of life, important cell and systemic processes are mediated by lipids including compartmentalization, signaling and energy homeostasis. Despite important advances in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, sample extraction procedures remain a bottleneck in lipidomic studies, since the wide structural diversity of lipids imposes a constrain in the type and amount of lipids extracted. Differences in extraction yield across lipid classes can induce a bias on down-stream analysis and outcomes. This review aims to summarize current lipid extraction techniques used for untargeted and targeted studies based on mass spectrometry. Considerations, applications, and limitations of these techniques are discussed when used to extract lipids in complex biological matrices, such as tissues, biofluids, foods, and microorganisms.
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19
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Zhao X, Zhu S, Liu H. Recent progresses of derivatization approaches in the targeted lipidomics analysis by mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1838-1846. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian‐En Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Life‐organic Analysis of Shandong Province and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Natural Medicine Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu P.R. China
| | - Shuyun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Life‐organic Analysis of Shandong Province and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Natural Medicine Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu P.R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing P.R. China
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20
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Ostermann AI, Koch E, Rund KM, Kutzner L, Mainka M, Schebb NH. Targeting esterified oxylipins by LC-MS - Effect of sample preparation on oxylipin pattern. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 146:106384. [PMID: 31698140 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A major part of oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids - i.e. eicosanoids and other oxylipins - in biological samples is found in the esterified form. Yet, their biological role is only poorly understood. For quantification of esterified oxylipins in biological samples current protocols mostly apply alkaline hydrolysis with or without prior lipid extraction to release oxylipins into their free form which can be subsequently quantified via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Herein, a detailed protocol for precise and reproducible quantification of esterified oxylipins in plasma is presented comprising i) extraction of lipids and removal of proteins with iso-propanol, ii) base hydrolysis with potassium hydroxide to saponify lipids and iii) solid phase extraction of the liberated oxylipins on C8/anion exchange mixed mode material. Unequal extraction of internal standards and lipid classes during lipid extraction before hydrolysis led to distorted concentrations, emphasizing that the choice of solvent used in this step is important to minimize discrimination. Regarding the hydrolysis conditions, at least 30 min incubation at 60 °C is required with 0.1 M KOH in sample. Drying of the SPE cartridges is a critical parameter since autoxidation processes of PUFA, which are present in high concentrations after cleavage, lead to artificial formation of epoxy fatty acids. With the developed protocol, inter-day, intra-day and inter-operator variance was <21% for most oxylipins including hydroxy-, dihydroxy-, and epoxy-PUFA. The applicability of the developed methodology is demonstrated by investigating the changes in the oxylipin pattern following omega-3 fatty acid feeding to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Malwina Mainka
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal, Germany.
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21
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Vvedenskaya O, Wang Y, Ackerman JM, Knittelfelder O, Shevchenko A. Analytical challenges in human plasma lipidomics: A winding path towards the truth. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Lita A, Kuzmin AN, Pliss A, Baev A, Rzhevskii A, Gilbert MR, Larion M, Prasad PN. Toward Single-Organelle Lipidomics in Live Cells. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11380-11387. [PMID: 31381322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Detailed studies of lipids in biological systems, including their role in cellular structure, metabolism, and disease development, comprise an increasingly prominent discipline called lipidomics. However, the conventional lipidomics tools, such as mass spectrometry, cannot investigate lipidomes until they are extracted, and thus they cannot be used for probing the lipid distribution nor for studying in live cells. Furthermore, conventional techniques rely on the lipid extraction from relatively large samples, which averages the data across the cellular populations and masks essential cell-to-cell variations. Further advancement of the discipline of lipidomics critically depends on the capability of high-resolution lipid profiling in live cells and, potentially, in single organelles. Here we report a micro-Raman assay designed for single-organelle lipidomics. We demonstrate how Raman microscopy can be used to measure the local intracellular biochemical composition and lipidome hallmarks-lipid concentration and unsaturation level, cis/trans isomer ratio, sphingolipids and cholesterol levels in live cells-with a sub-micrometer resolution, which is sufficient for profiling of subcellular structures. These lipidome data were generated by a newly developed biomolecular component analysis software, which provides a shared platform for data analysis among different research groups. We outline a robust, reliable, and user-friendly protocol for quantitative analysis of lipid profiles in subcellular structures. This method expands the capabilities of Raman-based lipidomics toward the analysis of single organelles within either live or fixed cells, thus allowing an unprecedented measure of organellar lipid heterogeneity and opening new quantitative ways to study the phenotypic variability in normal and diseased cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Lita
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Andrey N Kuzmin
- Advanced Cytometry Instrumentation Systems, LLC , 19 Elm Street , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States.,Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics , University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Artem Pliss
- Advanced Cytometry Instrumentation Systems, LLC , 19 Elm Street , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States.,Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics , University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Alexander Baev
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics , University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Alexander Rzhevskii
- Thermo Fisher Scientific , 2 Radcliff Road, Tewksbury , Massachusetts 01876 , United States
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics , University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
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Jouyban A, Farajzadeh MA, Afshar Mogaddam MR. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of deep eutectic solvent droplets for analysis of pesticides in farmer urine and plasma by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1124:114-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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24
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Bell M, Blais JM. "-Omics" workflow for paleolimnological and geological archives: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:438-455. [PMID: 30965259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
"-Omics" is a powerful screening method with applications in molecular biology, toxicology, wildlife biology, natural product discovery, and many other fields. Genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics are common examples included under the "-omics" umbrella. This screening method uses combinations of untargeted, semi-targeted, and targeted analyses paired with data mining to facilitate researchers' understanding of the genome, proteins, and small organic molecules in biological systems. Recently, however, the use of "-omics" has expanded into the fields of geology, specifically petrology, and paleolimnology. Specifically, untargeted analyses stand to transform these fields as petroleomics, and sediment-"omics" become more prevalent. "-Omics" facilitates the visualization of small molecule profiles from environmental matrices (i.e. oil and sediment). Small molecule profiles can provide improved understanding of small molecules distributions throughout the environment, and how those compositions can change depending on conditions (i.e. climate change, weathering, etc.). "-Omics" also facilities discovery of next-generation biomarkers that can be used for oil source identification and as proxies for reconstructing past environmental changes. Untargeted analyses paired with data mining and multivariate statistical analyses represents a powerful suite of tools for hypothesis generation, and new method development for environmental reconstructions. Here we present an introduction to "-omics" methodology, technical terms, and examples of applications to paleolimnology and petrology. The purpose of this review is to highlight the important considerations at each step in the "-omics" workflow to produce high quality and statistically powerful data for petrological and paleolimnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Bell
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxicants, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jules M Blais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxicants, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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25
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Calderón C, Sanwald C, Schlotterbeck J, Drotleff B, Lämmerhofer M. Comparison of simple monophasic versus classical biphasic extraction protocols for comprehensive UHPLC-MS/MS lipidomic analysis of Hela cells. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1048:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Pezzatti J, González-Ruiz V, Codesido S, Gagnebin Y, Joshi A, Guillarme D, Schappler J, Picard D, Boccard J, Rudaz S. A scoring approach for multi-platform acquisition in metabolomics. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:47-54. [PMID: 30685186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since the ultimate goal of untargeted metabolomics is the analysis of the broadest possible range of metabolites, some new metrics have to be used by researchers to evaluate and select different analytical strategies when multi-platform analyses are considered. In this context, we aimed at developing a scoring approach allowing to compare the performance of different LC-MS conditions for metabolomics studies. By taking into account both chromatographic and MS attributes of the analytes' peaks (i.e. retention, signal-to-noise ratio, peak intensity and shape), the newly proposed score reflects the potential of a set of LC-MS operating conditions to provide useful analytical information for a given compound. A chemical library containing 597 metabolites was used as a benchmark to apply this approach on two RPLC and three HILIC methods hyphenated to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in positive and negative ionization modes. The scores not only allowed to evaluate each analytical platform, but also to optimize the number of analytical methods needed for the analysis of metabolomics samples. As a result, the most informative combination of three LC methods and ionization modes was found, leading to a coverage of nearly 95% of the detected compounds. It was therefore demonstrated that the overall performance reached with three selected methods was almost equivalent to the performance reached when five LC-MS conditions were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Pezzatti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Santiago Codesido
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoric Gagnebin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abhinav Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julie Schappler
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland.
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Azab S, Ly R, Britz-McKibbin P. Robust Method for High-Throughput Screening of Fatty Acids by Multisegment Injection-Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry with Stringent Quality Control. Anal Chem 2018; 91:2329-2336. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Azab
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Ritchie Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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Peti APF, Locachevic GA, Prado MKB, de Moraes LAB, Faccioli LH. High-resolution multiple reaction monitoring method for quantification of steroidal hormones in plasma. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:423-431. [PMID: 29495128 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) is one of the most powerful modes of analysis in liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of low-concentration metabolites in biological samples. The advances in mass spectrometry enabled the development of high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRMHR ) and became suitable for the more specific analysis of target analytes. This is important for lipidomic studies and contributes in the medical and pharmaceutical fields, primarily in investigating alterations in cells or fluids relevant to various diseases. Therefore, this work proposes the development of the MRMHR method for quantification of circulating steroids. We focused on the determination of corticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC), cortisol, cortisone, aldosterone, and progesterone concentration in serum, by using 129sv male mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress to validate the quantification. The method was conducted according to the ANVISA normative, adopting a coefficient of variation, as well as relative standard deviation and relative error lower than 15% in linearity, intraday and interday precision, and accuracy. For cortisol, corticosterone, and their inert metabolites (cortisone and 11-DHC), the lower limit of quantification was 3.9 ng· mL-1 , while that for progesterone and aldosterone was 7.8 and 15.6 ng· mL-1 , respectively. MRMHR analysis showed that animals submitted to stressors have 4.5 times more corticosterone in their serum than nonstressed mice. However, 11-DHC concentration does not vary significantly in response to stress for these animals. The results indicate that the method can be applied for quantification of steroids in several biological samples, such as human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Ferranti Peti
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Gisele Aparecida Locachevic
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Morgana Kelly Borges Prado
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
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Hofstetter R, Fassauer GM, Link A. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of ketamine metabolites from dried urine and on-line quantification by supercritical fluid chromatography and single mass detection (on-line SFE–SFC–MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1076:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rustam YH, Reid GE. Analytical Challenges and Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry Based Lipidomics. Anal Chem 2017; 90:374-397. [PMID: 29166560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yepy H Rustam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gavin E Reid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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