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Zhao R, Li J, Wu C, Cai J, Li S, Li A, Zhong L. Reaction mechanism and detecting properties of a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for microcystin based on three-dimensional AuNPs@MWCNTs/GQDs. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:572-585. [PMID: 37578875 PMCID: wst_2023_238 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins with leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a virulent hepatotoxin, which is commonly present in polluted water with its demethylated derivatives [Dha7] MC-LR. This study reported a low-cost molecularly imprinted polymer network-based electrochemical sensor for detecting MC-LR. The sensor was based on a three-dimensional conductive network composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The molecularly imprinted polymer was engineered by quantum chemical computation utilizing p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as dual functional monomers and L-arginine as a segment template. The electrochemical reaction mechanism of MC-LR on the sensor was studied for the first time, which is an irreversible electrochemical oxidation reaction involving an electron and two protons, and is controlled by a mixed adsorption-diffusion mechanism. The sensor exhibited a great detection response to MC-LR in the linear range of 0.08-2 μg/L, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.0027 μg/L (S/N = 3). In addition, the recoveries of the total amount of MC-LR and [Dha7] MC-LR in the actual sample by the obtained sensor were in the range from 91.4 to 116.7%, which indicated its great potential for environmental detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Modern Facility Agriculture Engineering Research Center of Fujian Universities, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China; These two authors contributed equally to this paper. E-mail:
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; These two authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Chengsi Wu
- Qingdao Rely Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Qindao, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shiqian Li
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Modern Facility Agriculture Engineering Research Center of Fujian Universities, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Aifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Gurusamy L, Karuppasamy L, Anandan S, Barton SC, Chuang YH, Liu CH, Wu JJ. Review of oxygen-vacancies nanomaterials for non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors application. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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3
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A bifunctional electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of electroactive and non-electroactive analytes: A universal yet very effective platform serving therapeutic drug monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 208:114233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Recent Progress in Non-Enzymatic Electroanalytical Detection of Pesticides Based on the Use of Functional Nanomaterials as Electrode Modifiers. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050263. [PMID: 35624564 PMCID: PMC9139166 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review presents recent advances in the non-enzymatic electrochemical detection and quantification of pesticides, focusing on the use of nanomaterial-based electrode modifiers and their corresponding analytical response. The use of bare glassy carbon electrodes, carbon paste electrodes, screen-printed electrodes, and other electrodes in this research area is presented. The sensors were modified with single nanomaterials, a binary composite, or triple and multiple nanocomposites applied to the electrodes’ surfaces using various application techniques. Regardless of the type of electrode used and the class of pesticides analysed, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal, and metal oxide nanoparticles are investigated mainly for electrochemical analysis because they have a high surface-to-volume ratio and, thus, a large effective area, high conductivity, and (electro)-chemical stability. This work demonstrates the progress made in recent years in the non-enzymatic electrochemical analysis of pesticides. The need for simultaneous detection of multiple pesticides with high sensitivity, low limit of detection, high precision, and high accuracy remains a challenge in analytical chemistry.
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Beaver K, Dantanarayana A, Minteer SD. Materials Approaches for Improving Electrochemical Sensor Performance. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11820-11834. [PMID: 34677956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have emerged as important diagnostic tools in recent years, due to their simplicity and ease of use. Compared to instrumental analysis methods that use complicated experimental and data analysis techniques─such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), spectrophotometric methods, and chromatography─electrochemical sensors show promise for use in a wide range of real-time and in situ applications such as pharmaceutical testing, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. In order to identify analytes in complex and/or biological samples, materials used for both the electrode materials and the chemically selective layer have been evolving throughout the years for optimizing the analytical performance of electrochemical sensors to increase sensitivity, selectivity and linear range. In this Perspective, attention will be focused on different types of materials that have been used for electrochemical sensing, including new combinations of well-studied materials as well as novel strategies to enhance the performance of sensing devices. The Perspective will also discuss existing challenges in the field and future strategies for addressing those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Beaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ashwini Dantanarayana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Koczorowski T, Cerbin-Koczorowska M, Rębiś T. Azaporphyrins Embedded on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Potential Use in Electrochemical Sensing-A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2861. [PMID: 34835626 PMCID: PMC8620011 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines and porphyrazines as macrocyclic aza-analogues of well-known porphyrins were deposited on diverse carbon-based nanomaterials and investigated as sensing devices. The extended π-conjugated electron system of these macrocycles influences their ability to create stable hybrid systems with graphene or carbon nanotubes commonly based on π-π stacking interactions. During a 15-year period, the electrodes modified by deposition of these systems have been applied for the determination of diverse analytes, such as food pollutants, heavy metals, catecholamines, thiols, glucose, peroxides, some active pharmaceutical ingredients, and poisonous gases. These procedures have also taken place, on occasion, in the presence of various polymers, ionic liquids, and other moieties. In the review, studies are presented that were performed for sensing purposes, involving azaporphyrins embedded on graphene, graphene oxide or carbon nanotubes (both single and multi-walled ones). Moreover, possible methods of electrode fabrication, limits of detection of each analyte, as well as examples of macrocyclic compounds applied as sensing materials, are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Koczorowski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cerbin-Koczorowska
- Department of Medical Education, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 7 Rokietnicka Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Rębiś
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
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Moro G, Bottari F, Liberi S, Covaceuszach S, Cassetta A, Angelini A, De Wael K, Moretto LM. Covalent immobilization of delipidated human serum albumin on poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic) acid film for the impedimetric detection of perfluorooctanoic acid. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107540. [PMID: 32361666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of biomolecules at screen printed electrodes for biosensing applications is still an open challenge. To enrich the toolbox of bioelectrochemists, graphite screen printed electrodes (G-SPE) were modified with an electropolymerized film of pyrrole-2-carboxilic acid (Py-2-COOH), a pyrrole derivative rich in carboxylic acid functional groups. These functionalities are suitable for the covalent immobilization of biomolecular recognition layers. The electropolymerization was first optimized to obtain stable and conductive polymeric films, comparing two different electrolytes: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium perchlorate. The G-SPE modified with Py-2-COOH in 0.1 M SDS solution showed the required properties and were further tested. A proof-of-concept study for the development of an impedimetric sensor for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was carried out using the delipidated human serum albumin (hSA) as bioreceptor. The data interpretation was supported by size exclusion chromatography and small-angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS) analysis of the bioreceptor-target complex and the preliminary results suggest the possibility to further develop this biosensing strategy for toxicological and analytical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Moro
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy; AXES Research Group, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Fabio Bottari
- AXES Research Group, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefano Liberi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy
| | - Sonia Covaceuszach
- Istituto di Cristallografia - CNR, Trieste Outstation, Italy SS 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Cassetta
- Istituto di Cristallografia - CNR, Trieste Outstation, Italy SS 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Angelini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy; European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT), Ca' Bottacin, Dorsoduro 3911, Calle Crosera, 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Research Group, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ligia Maria Moretto
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy
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