1
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Mozafari M. Editorial Note: Biomaterials in Cancer - From Research Breakthroughs to Clinical Implementation. Transl Oncol 2024; 48:102061. [PMID: 39134454 PMCID: PMC11369828 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Mozafari
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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2
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Krishnan L, Chakrabarty P, Govarthanan K, Rao S, Santra TS. Bioglass and nano bioglass: A next-generation biomaterial for therapeutic and regenerative medicine applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133073. [PMID: 38880457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials are an indispensable component in tissue engineering that primarily functions to resemble the extracellular matrix of any tissue targeted for regeneration. In the last five decades, bioglass has been extensively used in the field of therapeutic and tissue engineering. The doping of metal components into bioglass and the synthesizing of nano bioglass particles have found remarkable implications, both in vivo and in vitro. These include various medical and biological applications such as rejuvenating tissues, facilitating regeneration, and delivering biomolecules into cells and therapy, etc. Therefore, the current review discusses the various techniques used in synthesizing bioglass particles, trends of various ion-doped nano bioglass, and their applications in therapy as well as in regenerative medicine, specifically in the fields of dentistry, cardiovascular, skin, nervous, and respiratory systems. Apart from these, this review also emphasizes the bioglass combined with diverse natural polymers (like collagen, chitosan, etc.) and their applications. Furthermore, we discuss the effectiveness of bioglass properties such as antibacterial effects, biomolecular delivery systems, tissue compatibility, and regenerative material. Finally, the prospects and limitations are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Govarthanan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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3
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Shearer A, Molinaro M, Montazerian M, Sly JJ, Miola M, Baino F, Mauro JC. The unexplored role of alkali and alkaline earth elements (ALAEs) on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glasses. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2521-2560. [PMID: 38530228 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive glass has been employed in several medical applications since its inception in 1969. The compositions of these materials have been investigated extensively with emphasis on glass network formers, therapeutic transition metals, and glass network modifiers. Through these experiments, several commercial and experimental compositions have been developed with varying chemical durability, induced physiological responses, and hydroxyapatite forming abilities. In many of these studies, the concentrations of each alkali and alkaline earth element have been altered to monitor changes in structure and biological response. This review aims to discuss the impact of each alkali and alkaline earth element on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glass. We explore critical questions regarding these elements from both a glass science and biological perspective. Should elements with little biological impact be included? Are alkali free bioactive glasses more promising for greater biological responses? Does this mixed alkali effect show increased degradation rates and should it be employed for optimized dissolution? Each of these questions along with others are evaluated comprehensively and discussed in the final section where guidance for compositional design is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shearer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Matthew Molinaro
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Jessica J Sly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Marta Miola
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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4
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Wang J, Zhang L, Wang K. Bioactive ceramic-based materials: beneficial properties and potential applications in dental repair and regeneration. Regen Med 2024; 19:257-278. [PMID: 39118532 PMCID: PMC11321270 DOI: 10.1080/17460751.2024.2343555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive ceramics, primarily consisting of bioactive glasses, glass-ceramics, calcium orthophosphate ceramics, calcium silicate ceramics and calcium carbonate ceramics, have received great attention in the past decades given their biocompatible nature and excellent bioactivity in stimulating cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue regeneration. Recent studies have tried to combine bioactive ceramics with bioactive ions, polymers, bioactive proteins and other chemicals to improve their mechanical and biological properties, thus rendering them more valid in tissue engineering scaffolds. This review presents the beneficial properties and potential applications of bioactive ceramic-based materials in dentistry, particularly in the repair and regeneration of dental hard tissue, pulp-dentin complex, periodontal tissue and bone tissue. Moreover, greater insights into the mechanisms of bioactive ceramics and the development of ceramic-based materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3rd of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3rd of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3rd of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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5
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Nitu, Fopase R, Pandey LM, Hazarika KP, Borah JP, Singh RK, Srinivasan A. Enhancement in the induction heating efficacy of sol-gel derived SiO 2-CaO-Na 2O-P 2O 5 bioglass-ceramics by incorporating magnetite nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3494-3508. [PMID: 38512116 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03014h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle (MNP)-substituted glass-ceramic (MSGC) powders with compositions of (45 - x)SiO2-24.5CaO-24.5Na2O-6P2O5-xFe3O4 (x = 5, 8, and 10 wt%) have been prepared by a sol-gel route by introducing Fe3O4 nanoparticles during the synthesis. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the as-prepared MSGC nanopowders revealed the presence of combeite (Na2Ca2Si3O9), magnetite, and sodium nitrate (NaNO3) crystalline phases. Heat-treatment up to 700 °C for 1 h resulted in the complete dissolution of NaNO3 along with partial conversion of magnetite into hematite (α-Fe2O3). Optimal heat-treatment of the MSGC powders at 550 °C for 1 h yielded the highest relative percentage of magnetite (without hematite) with some residual NaNO3. The saturation magnetization and heat generation capacity of the MSGC fluids increased with an increase in the MNP content. The in vitro bioactivity of the MSGC pellets was evaluated by monitoring the pH and the formation of a hydroxyapatite surface layer upon immersion in modified simulated body fluid. Proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast cells indicated that all of the MSGC compositions were non-toxic and MSGC with 10 wt% MNPs exhibited extraordinarily high cell viability. The MSGC with 10 wt% MNPs demonstrated optimal characteristics in terms of cell viability, magnetic properties, and induction heating capacity, which surpass those of the commercial magnetic fluid FluidMag-CT employed in hyperthermia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Rushikesh Fopase
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Krishna Priya Hazarika
- Department of Science and Humanities, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Borah
- Department of Science and Humanities, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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6
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Cui Y, Hong S, Jiang W, Li X, Zhou X, He X, Liu J, Lin K, Mao L. Engineering mesoporous bioactive glasses for emerging stimuli-responsive drug delivery and theranostic applications. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:436-462. [PMID: 38282967 PMCID: PMC10821497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), which belong to the category of modern porous nanomaterials, have garnered significant attention due to their impressive biological activities, appealing physicochemical properties, and desirable morphological features. They hold immense potential for utilization in diverse fields, including adsorption, separation, catalysis, bioengineering, and medicine. Despite possessing interior porous structures, excellent morphological characteristics, and superior biocompatibility, primitive MBGs face challenges related to weak encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and mechanical strength when applied in biomedical fields. It is important to note that the advantageous attributes of MBGs can be effectively preserved by incorporating supramolecular assemblies, miscellaneous metal species, and their conjugates into the material surfaces or intrinsic mesoporous networks. The innovative advancements in these modified colloidal inorganic nanocarriers inspire researchers to explore novel applications, such as stimuli-responsive drug delivery, with exceptional in-vivo performances. In view of the above, we outline the fabrication process of calcium-silicon-phosphorus based MBGs, followed by discussions on their significant progress in various engineered strategies involving surface functionalization, nanostructures, and network modification. Furthermore, we emphasize the recent advancements in the textural and physicochemical properties of MBGs, along with their theranostic potentials in multiple cancerous and non-cancerous diseases. Lastly, we recapitulate compelling viewpoints, with specific considerations given from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaoya He
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiaqiang Liu
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lixia Mao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
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7
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Wu Y, Cheng M, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Li J, Zhu Y, Yao Q. Calcium-based biomaterials: Unveiling features and expanding applications in osteosarcoma treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:385-399. [PMID: 37920827 PMCID: PMC10618625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium, an indispensable element in bone tissues, plays a crucial role in various cellular processes involved in cancer progression. Its ubiquitous yet spatially distinct distribution in the body presents an opportunity to target calcium homeostasis as a novel strategies for cancer treatment, with specific advantages in osteosarcoma therapy. In this comprehensive review, we retrospect the calcium biology intersected with cancer progression, highlight the unveiling features of calcium-based biomaterials in regulating both bone homeostasis and cancer development. We also provide an overview of recent breakthroughs in cancer therapy that leverage calcium biomaterials, showcasing their potential to serve as versatile, customizable platforms for osteosarcoma treatment and as reservoirs for supporting bone reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jiaxiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yishen Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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8
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Kargozar S, Moghanian A, Rashvand A, Miri AK, Hamzehlou S, Baino F, Mozafari M, Wang AZ. Nanostructured bioactive glasses: A bird's eye view on cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1905. [PMID: 37259946 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) arewell known for their successful applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent experimental studies have shown their potential usability in oncology, either alone or in combination with other biocompatible materials, such as biopolymers. Direct contact with BG particles has been found to cause toxicity and death in specific cancer cells (bone-derived neoplastic stromal cells) in vitro. Nanostructured BGs (NBGs) can be doped with anticancer elements, such as gallium, to enhance their toxic effects against tumor cells. However, the molecular mechanisms and intracellular targets for anticancer compositions of NBGs require further clarification. NBGs have been successfully evaluated for use in various well-established cancer treatment strategies, including cancer hyperthermia, phototherapy, and anticancer drug delivery. Existing results indicate that NBGs not only enhance cancer cell death, but can also participate in the regeneration of lost healthy tissues. However, the application of NBGs in oncology is still in its early stages, and numerous unanswered questions must be addressed. For example, the impact of the composition, biodegradation, size, and morphology of NBGs on their anticancer efficacy should be defined for each type of cancer and treatment strategy. Moreover, it should be more clearly assessed whether NBGs can shrink tumors, slow/stop cancer progression, or cure cancer completely. In this regard, the use of computational studies (in silico methods) is highly recommended to design the most effective glass formulations for cancer therapy approaches and to predict, to some extent, the relevant properties, efficacy, and outcomes. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Moghanian
- Department of Materials Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Rashvand
- Department of Materials Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amir K Miri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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9
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Tiama TM, Elhaes H, Ibrahim MA, Refaat A, El-Mansy MAM, Sabry NM. Molecular and biological activities of metal oxide-modified bioactive glass. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10637. [PMID: 37391463 PMCID: PMC10313761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) was prepared by sol-gel method following the composition 60-([Formula: see text]) SiO2.34CaO.6P2O5, where x = 10 (FeO, CuO, ZnO or GeO). Samples were then studied with FTIR. Biological activities of the studied samples were processed with antibacterial test. Model molecules for different glass compositions were built and calculated with density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31 g(d) level. Some important parameters such as total dipole moment (TDM), HOMO/LUMO band gap energy (ΔE), and molecular electrostatic potential beside infrared spectra were calculated. Modeling data indicated that P4O10 vibrational characteristics are enhanced by the addition of SiO2.CaO due to electron rush resonating along whole crystal. FTIR results confirmed that the addition of ZnO to P4O10.SiO2.CaO significantly impacted the vibrational characteristics, unlike the other alternatives CuO, FeO and GeO that caused a smaller change in spectral indexing. The obtained values of TDM and ΔE indicated that P4O10.SiO2.CaO doped with ZnO is the most reactive composition. All the prepared BG composites showed antibacterial activity against three different pathogenic bacterial strains, with ZnO-doped BG demonstrating the highest antibacterial activity, confirming the molecular modeling calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha M Tiama
- Department of Basic Sciences, October High Institute of Engineering & Technology-OHI, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Elhaes
- Physics Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11757, Egypt
| | - Medhat A Ibrahim
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Modeling Unit, Spectroscopy Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Refaat
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Modeling Unit, Spectroscopy Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M El-Mansy
- Molecular Modeling Simulation Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M Sabry
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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10
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Winston DD, Li T, Lei B. Bioactive nanoglass regulating the myogenic differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad059. [PMID: 37492228 PMCID: PMC10365926 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) are widely used in the field of biomedicine, including drug delivery, gene therapy, tumor therapy, bioimaging, molecular markers and tissue engineering. Researchers are interested in using BGNs in bone, heart and skin regeneration. However, there is inadequate information on skeletal muscle tissue engineering, limited information on the biological effects of BGNs on myoblasts, and the role of bioactive glass composite materials on myogenic differentiation is unknown. Herein, we report the effects of BGNs with different compositions (60Si-BGN, 80Si-BGN, 100Si-BGN) on the myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells and in vivo skeletal tissue regeneration. The results showed that 80Si-BGN could efficiently promote the myogenic differentiation of C1C12 cells, including the myotube formation and myogenic gene expression. The in vivo experiment in a rat skeletal muscle defect model also confirmed that 80Si-BGN could significantly improve the complete regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue during 4 weeks implantation. This work firstly demonstrated evidence that BGN could be the bioactive material in enhancing skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bo Lei
- Correspondence address. E-mail:
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11
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Gorgani S, Hosseini SA, Wang AZ, Baino F, Kargozar S. Effects of Bioactive Glasses (BGs) on Exosome Production and Secretion: A Critical Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114194. [PMID: 37297327 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing trend toward the application of bioactive glasses in different areas of biomedicine, including tissue engineering and oncology. The reason for this increase is mostly attributed to the inherent properties of BGs, such as excellent biocompatibility, and the ease of tailoring their properties by changing, for example, the chemical composition. Previous experiments have demonstrated that the interactions between BGs and their ionic dissolution products, and mammalian cells, can affect and change cellular behaviors, and thereby govern the performance of living tissues. However, limited research exists on their critical role in the production and secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes. Exosomes are nanosized membrane vesicles that carry various therapeutic cargoes such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, and thereby can govern cell-cell communication and subsequent tissue responses. The use of exosomes is currently considered a cell-free approach in tissue engineering strategies, due to their positive roles in accelerating wound healing. On the other hand, exosomes are known as key players in cancer biology (e.g., progression and metastasis), due to their capability to carry bioactive molecules between tumor cells and normal cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that the biological performance of BGs, including their proangiogenic activity, is accomplished with the help of exosomes. Indeed, therapeutic cargos (e.g., proteins) produced in BG-treated cells are transferred by a specific subset of exosomes toward target cells and tissues, and lead to a biological phenomenon. On the other hand, BGs are suitable delivery vehicles that can be utilized for the targeted delivery of exosomes to cells and tissues of interest. Therefore, it seems necessary to have a deeper understanding of the potential effects of BGs in the production of exosomes in cells that are involved in tissue repair and regeneration (mostly mesenchymal stem cells), as well as in those that play roles in cancer progression (e.g., cancer stem cells). This review aims to present an updated report on this critical issue, to provide a roadmap for future research in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gorgani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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12
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Namdar A, Salahinejad E. Advances in ion-doping of Ca-Mg silicate bioceramics for bone tissue engineering. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.215001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Thenrajan T, Alwarappan S, Wilson J. Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prognosis-A Concise Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:766. [PMID: 36832253 PMCID: PMC9955694 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complicated disease. Globally, it is one of the major causes for morbidity and mortality. A critical challenge associated with it is the difficulty to accurately diagnose it at an early stage. The malignancy due to multistage and heterogeneity that result from genetic and epigenetic modifications poses critical challenge to diagnose and monitor the progress at an early stage. Current diagnostic techniques normally suggest invasive biopsy procedure that can cause further infections and bleeding. Therefore, noninvasive diagnostic methods with high accuracy, safety and earliest detection are the needs of the hour. Herein, we provide a detailed review on the advanced methodologies and protocols developed for the detection of cancer biomarkers based on proteins, nucleic acids and extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, existing challenges and the improvements essential for the rapid, sensitive and noninvasive detection have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatchanamoorthy Thenrajan
- Polymer Electronics Lab., Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subbiah Alwarappan
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeyaraj Wilson
- Polymer Electronics Lab., Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nguyen T, Maniyar A, Sarkar M, Sarkar TR, Neelgund GM. The Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes and Hydroxyapatite, and Graphene and Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites against Breast Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:556. [PMID: 36770518 PMCID: PMC9919526 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a current dreadful disease and the leading cause of death. Next to cardiovascular diseases, cancer is the most severe threat to human life and health. Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer diagnosed in women. Each year about 2.3 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer. In consideration of the severity of breast cancer, herein we designed the biocompatible nanomaterials, CNTs-HAP and GR-HAP, through grafting of hydroxyapatite (HAP) to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GR) nanosheets. CNTs-HAP and GR-HAP have been tested for their cytotoxicity, growth and motility inhibitory effects, and their effects on the mesenchymal markers. All these demonstrated significant dose-dependent and time-dependent in vitro cytotoxicity against SUM-159 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The cell viability assay showed that the CNTs-HAP was more effective over SUM-159 cells than MCF-7 cells. It found that the increase in the concentration of GR-HAP has inhibited the clonogenic ability of breast cancer cells. The GR-HAP exhibited a substantial inhibitory effect on the cell motility of SUM-159 cell lines. It was investigated that the expression of vimentin (mesenchymal marker) was majorly reduced in SUM-159 cells by GR-HAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Anuj Maniyar
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mrinmoy Sarkar
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Gururaj M. Neelgund
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
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15
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Kermani F, Nazarnezhad S, Mollaei Z, Mollazadeh S, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Askari VR, Oskuee RK, Moradi A, Hosseini SA, Azari Z, Baino F, Kargozar S. Zinc- and Copper-Doped Mesoporous Borate Bioactive Glasses: Promising Additives for Potential Use in Skin Wound Healing Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021304. [PMID: 36674818 PMCID: PMC9861609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, zinc (Zn)- and copper (Cu)-doped 13-93B3 borate mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were successfully synthesized using nitrate precursors in the presence of Pluronic P123. We benefited from computational approaches for predicting and confirming the experimental findings. The changes in the dynamic surface tension (SFT) of simulated body fluid (SBF) were investigated using the Du Noüy ring method to shed light on the mineralization process of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the glass surface. The obtained MBGs were in a glassy state before incubation in SBF. The formation of an apatite-like layer on the SBF-incubated borate glasses was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of Zn and Cu into the basic composition of 13-93B3 glass led to changes in the glass transition temperature (Tg) (773 to 556 °C), particle size (373 to 64 nm), zeta potential (−12 to −26 mV), and specific surface area (SBET) (54 to 123 m2/g). Based on the K-means algorithm and chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) tree, we found that the SFT of SBF is an important factor for the prediction and confirmation of the HAp mineralization process on the glasses. Furthermore, we proposed a simple calculation, based on SFT variation, to quantify the bioactivity of MBGs. The doped and dopant-free borate MBGs could enhance the proliferation of mouse fibroblast L929 cells at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. These glasses also induced very low hemolysis (<5%), confirming good compatibility with red blood cells. The results of the antibacterial test revealed that all the samples could significantly decrease the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In summary, we showed that Cu-/Zn-doped borate MBGs can be fabricated using a cost-effective method and also show promise for wound healing/skin tissue engineering applications, as especially supported by the cell test with fibroblasts, good compatibility with blood, and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Kermani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Zahra Mollaei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Azadi Sq., Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Sahar Mollazadeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Azadi Sq., Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Zoleikha Azari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (S.K.)
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16
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Barreto MEV, Medeiros RP, Shearer A, Fook MVL, Montazerian M, Mauro JC. Gelatin and Bioactive Glass Composites for Tissue Engineering: A Review. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:23. [PMID: 36662070 PMCID: PMC9861949 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-/micron-sized bioactive glass (BG) particles are attractive candidates for both soft and hard tissue engineering. They can chemically bond to the host tissues, enhance new tissue formation, activate cell proliferation, stimulate the genetic expression of proteins, and trigger unique anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer functionalities. Recently, composites based on biopolymers and BG particles have been developed with various state-of-the-art techniques for tissue engineering. Gelatin, a semi-synthetic biopolymer, has attracted the attention of researchers because it is derived from the most abundant protein in the body, viz., collagen. It is a polymer that can be dissolved in water and processed to acquire different configurations, such as hydrogels, fibers, films, and scaffolds. Searching "bioactive glass gelatin" in the tile on Scopus renders 80 highly relevant articles published in the last ~10 years, which signifies the importance of such composites. First, this review addresses the basic concepts of soft and hard tissue engineering, including the healing mechanisms and limitations ahead. Then, current knowledge on gelatin/BG composites including composition, processing and properties is summarized and discussed both for soft and hard tissue applications. This review explores physical, chemical and mechanical features and ion-release effects of such composites concerning osteogenic and angiogenic responses in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, recent developments of BG/gelatin composites using 3D/4D printing for tissue engineering are presented. Finally, the perspectives and current challenges in developing desirable composites for the regeneration of different tissues are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. V. Barreto
- Northeastern Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials (CERTBIO), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Rebeca P. Medeiros
- Northeastern Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials (CERTBIO), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Adam Shearer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Marcus V. L. Fook
- Northeastern Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials (CERTBIO), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Northeastern Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials (CERTBIO), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - John C. Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
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Kargozar S, Hooshmand S, Hosseini SA, Gorgani S, Kermani F, Baino F. Antioxidant Effects of Bioactive Glasses (BGs) and Their Significance in Tissue Engineering Strategies. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196642. [PMID: 36235178 PMCID: PMC9573515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of oxidative stress are usually observed following injuries, leading to impaired tissue repair due to oxidation-related chronic inflammation. Several attempts have been made to manage this unfavorable situation, and the use of biomaterials with antioxidant activity is showing great promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. Bioactive glasses (BGs) are a versatile group of inorganic substances that exhibit an outstanding regenerative capacity for both hard and soft damaged tissues. The chemical composition of BGs provides a great opportunity for imparting specific biological activities to them. On this point, BGs may easily become antioxidant substances through simple physicochemical modifications. For example, particular antioxidant elements (mostly cerium (Ce)) can be added to the basic composition of the glasses. On the other hand, grafting natural antioxidant substances (e.g., polyphenols) on the BG surface is feasible for making antioxidant substitutes with promising results in vitro. Mesoporous BGs (MBGs) were demonstrated to have unique merits compared with melt-derived BGs since they make it possible to load antioxidants and deliver them to the desired locations. However, there are actually limited in vivo experimental studies on the capability of modified BGs for scavenging free radicals (e.g., reactive oxygen species (ROS)). Therefore, more research is required to determine the actual potential of BGs in decreasing oxidative stress and subsequently improving tissue repair and regeneration. The present work aims to highlight the potential of different types of BGs in modulating oxidative stress and subsequently improving tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Correspondence: S.K: (S.K.); (F.B.)
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Sara Gorgani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Farzad Kermani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: S.K: (S.K.); (F.B.)
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18
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Kermani F, Sadidi H, Ahmadabadi A, Hoseini SJ, Tavousi SH, Rezapanah A, Nazarnezhad S, Hosseini SA, Mollazadeh S, Kargozar S. Modified Sol–Gel Synthesis of Mesoporous Borate Bioactive Glasses for Potential Use in Wound Healing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090442. [PMID: 36134988 PMCID: PMC9495454 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we successfully utilized nitrate precursors for the synthesis of silver (Ag)-doped borate-based mesoporous bioactive glass (MBGs) based on the 1393B3 glass formulation in the presence of a polymeric substrate (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) as a stabilizer of boric acid. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the glassy state of all the MBGs. The incorporation of 7.5 mol% Ag into the glass composition led to a decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg). Improvements in the particle size, zeta potential, surface roughness, and surface area values were observed in the Ag-doped MBGs. The MBGs (1 mg/mL) had no adverse effect on the viability of fibroblasts. In addition, Ag-doped MBGs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative species. In summary, a modified sol–gel method was confirmed for producing the Ag-doped 1393B3 glasses, and the primary in vitro outcomes hold promise for conducting in vivo studies for managing burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Kermani
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadidi
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917699311, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadabadi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9176999311, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (S.M.); (S.K.); Tel.: +98-513-800-2482 (S.K.)
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Seyed Hasan Tavousi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezapanah
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Sahar Mollazadeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (S.M.); (S.K.); Tel.: +98-513-800-2482 (S.K.)
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (S.M.); (S.K.); Tel.: +98-513-800-2482 (S.K.)
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19
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Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Improved Cancer Theranostics. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030100. [PMID: 35893468 PMCID: PMC9326646 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond their well-known applications in bone tissue engineering, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAp NPs) have also been showing great promise for improved cancer therapy. The chemical structure of HAp NPs offers excellent possibilities for loading and delivering a broad range of anticancer drugs in a sustained, prolonged, and targeted manner and thus eliciting lower complications than conventional chemotherapeutic strategies. The incorporation of specific therapeutic elements into the basic composition of HAp NPs is another approach, alone or synergistically with drug release, to provide advanced anticancer effects such as the capability to inhibit the growth and metastasis of cancer cells through activating specific cell signaling pathways. HAp NPs can be easily converted to smart anticancer agents by applying different surface modification treatments to facilitate the targeting and killing of cancer cells without significant adverse effects on normal healthy cells. The applications in cancer diagnosis for magnetic and nuclear in vivo imaging are also promising as the detection of solid tumor cells is now achievable by utilizing superparamagnetic HAp NPs. The ongoing research emphasizes the use of HAp NPs in fabricating three-dimensional scaffolds for the treatment of cancerous tissues or organs, promoting the regeneration of healthy tissue after cancer detection and removal. This review provides a summary of HAp NP applications in cancer theranostics, highlighting the current limitations and the challenges ahead for this field to open new avenues for research.
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