1
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Wang X, Feng W, Zhou Z, Zhang H. Design of sulfonimide anions for rechargeable lithium batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11434-11449. [PMID: 39258509 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonimide salts are considered as promising electrolyte materials in the construction of high-performant rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and lithium metal batteries (LMBs), owing to their delocalized negative charges, superior structural flexibility, and decent thermal/chemical stability. In this work, a historical overview of the development of sulfonimide anions in the field of electrolyte materials is presented, and the unique features of sulfonimide anions are discussed, in comparison with some popular anions [e.g., hexafluorophosphate anion (PF6-)] being employed for batteries. The key advances in the design of sulfonimide salts as electrolyte materials are scrutinized, encompassing their use in nonaqueous liquid electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, and solid polymer electrolytes. Based on the existing reports and our experiences in this domain, possible research directions related to further improvement of sulfonimide-based electrolytes are highlighted. Besides demonstrating the status quo and research progress, this work also expands the structural design toolkit of sulfonimide-based electrolytes, which may accelerate the development and realization of sulfonimide anion-based electrolytes in practical LIBs/LMBs and simultaneously give new impetus to other kinds of rechargeable battery technologies (e.g., sodium and potassium batteries).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wenfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhibin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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2
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Yun S, Liang X, Xi J, Liao L, Cui S, Chen L, Li S, Hu Q. Electrolytes for High-Safety Lithium-Ion Batteries at Low Temperature: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2661. [PMID: 39339125 PMCID: PMC11435898 DOI: 10.3390/polym16182661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the core of modern energy technology, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely integrated into many key areas, especially in the automotive industry, particularly represented by electric vehicles (EVs). The spread of LIBs has contributed to the sustainable development of societies, especially in the promotion of green transportation. However, the high demand for battery performance and safety in these fields has made the high viscosity, volatility, and potential leakage inherent in traditional organic liquid electrolytes a constraint on their further expansion. Especially at low temperature, the increased viscosity of the electrolyte, reduced solubility of lithium salts, crystallization or solidification of the electrolyte, increased resistance to charge transfer due to interfacial by-products, and short-circuiting due to the growth of anode lithium dendrites all affect the performance and safety of LIBs. Therefore, improving the safety performance of LIBs under low-temperature environments has become a focus of current research. This paper primarily reviews the progress made in utilizing different types of electrolytes in LIBs to enhance safety and optimize low temperature performance and discusses the current research progress as well as the future development direction of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Yun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Xinghua Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Junjie Xi
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Leyu Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Shuwan Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Zhejiang Kaili New Materials Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Siying Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Qicheng Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Industry College of Intelligent Vehicle (Manufacturing) and New Energy Automobile, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
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3
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Inoue R, Sumitani R, Honda H, Kuwahara D, Goo ZL, Sugimoto K, Mochida T. Organometallic Ionic Plastic Crystals Incorporating Cationic Half-Sandwich Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:14770-14778. [PMID: 39056552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Ionic plastic crystals (IPCs), characterized by nearly spherical molecular ions, exhibit remarkable solid-state characteristics including high ionic conductivity. However, most IPCs are organic onium salts. Incorporating organometallic half-sandwich complexes into IPCs is challenging owing to their low-symmetry structures. This paper introduces a novel series of IPCs composed of salts derived from half-sandwich organometallic complexes. We synthesized five salts of [Ru(Cp)(tmeda)(CO)]X (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, X = anion) with different anions and examined their phase behavior, crystal structures, and molecular motion in the solid-state. Salts featuring the CPFSA (= 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane-1,3-disulfonimide), B(CN)4-, and FSA- (= (FSO2)2N-) anions underwent phase transitions to an IPC phase with a CsCl-type structure in the temperature range of 327-364 K. Employing smaller anions led to an increase in the transition temperature. In each salt, the coordination number, representing the number of anions surrounding one cation, remained eight in IPC and low-temperature phases. However, salts containing smaller anions (CF3BF3- and PF6-) displayed a rotator phase rather than the IPC phase. In these cases, the coordination numbers were six at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Honda
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuwahara
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Zi Lang Goo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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4
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Harada J, Takehisa M, Kawamura Y, Hasegawa H, Usui T. Solid Solutions of Plastic/Ferroelectric Crystals: Toward Tailor-Made Functional Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39026392 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Plastic crystals that show ferroelectricity are highly promising materials for a wide range of applications. Their inherent remarkable malleability and highly symmetric cubic structures in the plastic crystal phase ensure that their ferroelectricity and related properties are retained in their bulk polycrystals. To develop functional materials based on such plastic/ferroelectric crystals, methods to tune their properties for specific applications are required. Here, we report the preparation of solid solutions of plastic/ferroelectric ionic crystals by mixing crystals with a common anion but different cations, or crystals with a common cation but different anions, which allows a continuous modification of the Curie temperature of the ferroelectric system over a range of 100 K. This adjustment of the Curie temperature allows the flexible tuning of the pyroelectric properties of the solid solutions, including a significant enhancement of room-temperature performance. The solid solutions also exhibit morphotropic phase boundaries in the composition-temperature phase diagrams, which shows an abrupt change in crystal structures with a variation of composition. This study showcases a simple and versatile property-tuning method that can be expected to pave the way for major progress in the development of materials based on plastic/ferroelectric crystals, which will eventually advance to the stage of pursuing tailor-made functional materials with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Mika Takehisa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yuto Kawamura
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hasegawa
- Faculty of Education, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Usui
- Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kyoto 617-8555, Japan
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5
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Ariga K, Akakabe S, Sekiguchi R, Thomas ML, Takeoka Y, Rikukawa M, Yoshizawa-Fujita M. Boosting the Ionic Conductivity of Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Plastic Crystals by LLZO Fillers. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22203-22212. [PMID: 38799302 PMCID: PMC11112583 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) have attracted attention as novel organic solid electrolyte materials, but their insufficient mechanical strength and ionic conductivity have prevented their application. In this study, a lithium salt, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (LiFSA), and an inorganic solid electrolyte, Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), were added to an OIPC, N,N-diethylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide ([C2epyr][FSA]). The fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid solid electrolytes were evaluated thermally, mechanically, and electrochemically to reveal which factors affect the properties of the electrolytes. All samples showed excellent thermal stability regardless of LiFSA or LLZO concentration, and they were found to be highly plastic and ion-conductive solids at a wide range of temperatures. It was also revealed that the addition of LLZO raised the nanoindentation stiffness (HIT) of the [C2epyr][FSA]/LiFSA composites. The ionic conductivity of the hybrid electrolytes was higher than that of the pristine OIPC, reaching a value of 2.1 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C upon addition of appropriate amounts of LiFSA and LLZO. Overall, samples with higher LiFSA concentration and moderate LLZO concentration exhibited higher ionic conductivity. Cyclic voltammetry results showed that the [C2epyr][FSA]/LiFSA/LLZO composites were lithium-ion conductors. These findings indicate that by optimizing the concentrations of lithium salt and LLZO, it would be possible to realize their applications as solid electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotoko Ariga
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Shuho Akakabe
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sekiguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Morgan L. Thomas
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yuko Takeoka
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Masahiro Rikukawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshizawa-Fujita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
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6
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Del Olmo R, Dominguez-Alfaro A, Olmedo-Martínez JL, Sanz O, Pozo-Gonzalo C, Forsyth M, Casado N. Innovative Strategy for Developing PEDOT Composite Scaffold for Reversible Oxygen Reduction Reaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4851-4857. [PMID: 38669215 PMCID: PMC11089567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Metal-air batteries are an emerging technology with great potential to satisfy the demand for energy in high-consumption applications. However, this technology is still in an early stage, facing significant challenges such as a low cycle life that currently limits its practical use. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting polymer has already demonstrated its efficiency as catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) discharge as an alternative to traditional expensive and nonsustainable metal catalysts. Apart from that, in most electrochemical processes, three phenomena are needed: redox activity and electronic and ionic conduction. Material morphology is important to maximize the contact area and optimize the 3 mechanisms to obtain high-performance devices. In this work, porous scaffolds of PEDOT-organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) are prepared through vapor phase polymerization to be used as porous self-standing cathodes. The scaffolds, based on abundant elements, showed good thermal stability (200 °C), with potential ORR reversible electrocatalytic activity: 60% of Coulombic efficiency in aqueous medium after 200 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Del Olmo
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jorge L. Olmedo-Martínez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Oihane Sanz
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, University of the
Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo
- Institute
for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Institute
for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Nerea Casado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
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7
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van den Bruinhorst A, Avila J, Rosenthal M, Pellegrino A, Burghammer M, Costa Gomes M. Defying decomposition: the curious case of choline chloride. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6684. [PMID: 37865651 PMCID: PMC10590384 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemists aim to meet modern sustainability, health, and safety requirements by replacing conventional solvents with deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Through large melting point depressions, DESs may incorporate renewable solids in task-specific liquids. Yet, DES design is complicated by complex molecular interactions and a lack of comprehensive property databases. Even measuring pure component melting properties can be challenging, due to decomposition before melting. Here we overcame the decomposition of the quintessential DES constituent, choline chloride (ChCl). We measured its enthalpy of fusion (13.8 ± 3.0 kJ ⋅ mol) and melting point (687 ± 9 K) by fast scanning calorimetry combined with micro-XRD and high-speed optical microscopy. Our thermodynamically coherent fusion properties identify ChCl as an ionic plastic crystal and demonstrate negative deviations from ideal mixing for ChCl-contradicting previous assumptions. We hypothesise that the plastic crystal nature of ammonium salts governs their resilience to melting; pure or mixed. We show that DESs based on ionic plastic crystals can profit from (1) a low enthalpy of fusion and (2) favourable mixing. Both depress the melting point and can be altered through ion selection. Ionic plastic crystal-based DESs thus offer a platform for task-specific liquids at a broad range of temperatures and compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan van den Bruinhorst
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France.
| | - Jocasta Avila
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ange Pellegrino
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Margarida Costa Gomes
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France.
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8
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Zhou H, Sato S, Nishiyama Y, Hatakeyama G, Wang X, Murakami Y, Yamada T. Molecular Design of Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals Consisting of Tetracyanoborate with Ultralow Phase Transition Temperature. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9365-9371. [PMID: 37853708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are a ductile soft material where the composing ions are in isotropic free rotation, while their positions are aligned in order. The rotational motion in its plastic phase promotes ion conduction by decreasing the activation energy. Here, we report novel OIPCs comprised of tetracyanoborate ([TCB]-) and various organic cations. In particular, the OIPC composed of [TCB]- and spiro-(1,1')-bipyrrolidinium ([spiropyr]+) cations can transform into its plastic phase at ultralow temperature (Tp = -55 °C) while maintaining a high melting point (Tm = 242 °C). Replacement of the cation with either tetraalkylammonium or phosphonium and comparing their phase behavior, the high Tm was attributed to the relatively small interionic distance between [spiropyr]+ and [TCB]-. At the same time, the low Tp was realized by the restricted vibrational mode of the spirostructure, allowing the initiation of isotropic rotational motion with less thermal energy input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | - Genki Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yoichi Murakami
- Laboratory for Zero-Carbon Energy, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Teppei Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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9
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Duncan DT, Piper SL, Forsyth M, MacFarlane DR, Kar M. Fluoroborate ionic liquids as sodium battery electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:27718-27730. [PMID: 37814518 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03694d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage sodium batteries are an appealing solution for economical energy storage applications. Currently available electrolyte materials have seen limited success in such applications therefore the identification of high-performing and safer alternatives is urgently required. Herein we synthesise six novel ionic liquids derived from two fluoroborate anions which have shown great promise in recent battery literature. This study reports for the first time the electrochemically applicable room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) N-ethyl-N,N,N-tris(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)ammonium (tetrakis)hexafluoroisopropoxy borate ([N2(2O2O1)3][B(hfip)4]). The RTIL shows promising physical properties with a very low glass-transition at -73 °C and low viscosity. The RTIL exhibits an electrochemical window of 5.3 V on a glassy carbon substrate which enables high stability electrochemical cycling of sodium in a 3-electrode system. Of particular note is the strong passivation behaviour of [N2(2O2O1)3][B(hfip)4] on aluminium current-collector foil at potentials as high as 7 V (vs. Na+/Na) which is further improved with the addition of 50 mol% Na[FSI]. This study shows [B(hfip)4]- ionic liquids have the desired physical and electrochemical properties for high-voltage sodium electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale T Duncan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Samantha L Piper
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute of Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Douglas R MacFarlane
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mega Kar
- Institute of Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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10
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Park H, Park CB, Sung BJ. The effects of defects on the transport mechanisms of lithium ions in organic ionic plastic crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:23058-23068. [PMID: 37602406 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) consist of molecular ions of which interactions are strong enough to maintain crystalline order but are weak enough to allow the rotations of the molecular ions at sufficiently high temperatures. When defects such as Schottky vacancies and grain boundaries are introduced into OIPCs, the defects facilitate the transport of dopants such as Li+ ions, for which OIPCs are considered as strong candidates for solid electrolytes. The transport mechanism of dopant ions in OIPCs with defects, however, remains elusive at a molecular level partly because it is hard in experiments to track the dopant ions and control the types of defects systematically. In this work, we perform molecular dynamics simulations for 1,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([MMIM][PF6]) OIPCs with Li+ ions doped and show that the transport mechanism of Li+ ions depends on the types and concentrations of defects. A high concentration of Schottky vacancies enhance the overall ion conduction, but decrease the transference number. The transference numbers of Li+ ions in [MMIM][PF6] with grain boundaries are similar to that in [MMIM][PF6] with 0.78 mol% point vacancies. We also find that the transport of ions in OIPCs is strongly heterogeneous and the time scales of the dynamic heterogeneity of the ions are sensitive to the types of defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungshick Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chung Bin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Ai Y, Li P, Chen X, Lv H, Weng Y, Shi Y, Zhou F, Xiong R, Liao W. The First Ring Enlargement Induced Large Piezoelectric Response in a Polycrystalline Molecular Ferroelectric. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302426. [PMID: 37328441 PMCID: PMC10460893 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic ferroelectrics have long dominated research and applications, taking advantage of high piezoelectric performance in bulk polycrystalline ceramic forms. Molecular ferroelectrics have attracted growing interest because of their environmental friendliness, easy processing, lightweight, and good biocompatibility, while realizing the considerable piezoelectricity in their bulk polycrystalline forms remains a great challenge. Herein, for the first time, through ring enlargement, a molecular ferroelectric 1-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octonium perrhenate ([3.2.1-abco]ReO4 ) with a large piezoelectric coefficient d33 up to 118 pC/N in the polycrystalline pellet form is designed, which is higher than that of the parent 1-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanium perrhenate ([2.2.1-abch]ReO4 , 90 pC/N) and those of most molecular ferroelectrics in polycrystalline or even single crystal forms. The ring enlargement reduces the molecular strain for easier molecular deformation, which contributes to the higher piezoelectric response in [3.2.1-abco]ReO4 . This work opens up a new avenue for exploring high piezoelectric polycrystalline molecular ferroelectrics with great potential in piezoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ai
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Peng‐Fei Li
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Gang Chen
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Peng Lv
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Ran Weng
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Ren‐Gen Xiong
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research CenterNanchang UniversityNanchang330031P. R. China
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12
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Abeysooriya S, Lee M, Hwan Kim S, O'Dell LA, Pringle JM. Development of New Plastic-Crystal Based Electrolytes using Pyrrolidinium- Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide Dicationic Salts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202249. [PMID: 36932047 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dicationic organic salts are an interesting class of solid-state electrolyte materials due to their unique structure. Here we present, for the first time, the synthesis and characterization of three dicationic-FSI salts, 1,2-bis(N-methylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2 -Pyrr1][FSI]2 ), 1,2-bis(N-ethylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2 -Pyrr2][FSI]2 ) and 1,2-bis(N-n-propylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2 -Pyrr3][FSI]2 ). The structure and dynamics of the organic salts were probed using variable temperature solid-state NMR and were compared with the thermal and transport properties. The investigation revealed that [C2 -Pyrr1][FSI]2 , with shorter alkyl-side chains on the dication, displayed increased transport properties compared to [C2 -Pyrr2][FSI]2 and [C2 -Pyrr3][FSI]2 . To determine the proficiency of these dicationic-FSI salts as electrolyte materials for battery applications, 10 mol% and 50 mol% lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) was mixed with [C2 -Pyrr1][FSI]2 and [C2 -Pyrr2][FSI]2 . Increased transport properties were observed for [C2 -Pyrr1][FSI]2 /10 mol % LiFSI in comparison to [C2 -Pyrr2][FSI]2 /10 % LiFSI, while pulse field gradient NMR analysis revealed the highest Li+ self-diffusion ratio for [C2 -Pyrr1][FSI]2 /50 % LiFSI out of the four Li-salt-containing mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanika Abeysooriya
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood Hwy, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, South Korea
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood Hwy, VIC 3125, Australia
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13
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Rogalsky S, Tarasyuk O, Babkina N, Makhno S, Pertko O, Povazhnyi V, Cherniavska T, Fatyeyeva K. Fabrication of new proton conducting membrane for fuel cell applications based on porous polyimide Matrimid® and hydrophobic protic ionic liquid. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy Rogalsky
- Laboratory of Modification of Polymers V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Oksana Tarasyuk
- Laboratory of Modification of Polymers V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Natalia Babkina
- Department of Physics and Chemistry of Polymers Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Stanislav Makhno
- Laboratory of Electrophysics of Nanomaterials Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Olexandra Pertko
- Laboratory of Modification of Polymers V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Povazhnyi
- Laboratory of Modification of Polymers V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Cherniavska
- Laboratory of Electrophysics of Nanomaterials Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Fatyeyeva
- Laboratory of Polymers, Biopolymers, Surfaces Université de Rouen Rouen France
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14
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Sumitani R, Kuwahara D, Mochida T. Structures, Thermal Properties, and Reactivities of Cationic Rh-cod Complexes in Solid State (cod = 1,5-Cyclooctadiene). Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2169-2180. [PMID: 36701547 PMCID: PMC9907349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cationic rhodium complexes with 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod) ligands are important organometallic compounds that are useful as precatalysts; however, their solid-state structures and thermal properties have not been adequately investigated. In this study, we synthesized [Rh(cod)L]X (L = cod, C6H6, PhMe; X = SbF6, (FSO2)2N (= FSA), CF3BF3, CB11H12) and investigated their phase behaviors, crystal structures, and reactivities. The phase transitions of these salts result in disordered solid-state structures. Moreover, the structural disorder increases with a decrease in the cation symmetry in the SbF6 salts; [Rh(cod)(PhMe)]SbF6 exhibits a rotator phase, and the cations in other salts exhibit a dynamic rotational disorder. In contrast, a lower crystal symmetry with less cation disorder is observed for FSA salts. The thermal stabilities and reactivities of these salts were further investigated. FSA salts with arene ligands produce anion-coordinated complexes upon melting, and SbF6 salts with arene ligands produce [Rh(cod)L'2]SbF6 (L' = MeCN and SMe2) via an in situ single-crystal-to-single-crystal ligand-exchange reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sumitani
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuwahara
- Graduate
School of Informatics and Engineering, The
University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
- Research
Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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15
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Harada J, Takahashi H, Notsuka R, Takehisa M, Takahashi Y, Usui T, Taniguchi H. Ferroelectric Ionic Molecular Crystals with Significant Plasticity and a Low Melting Point: High Performance in Hot-Pressed Polycrystalline Plates and Melt-Grown Crystalline Sheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215286. [PMID: 36408901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among ferroelectric crystals based on small molecules, plastic/ferroelectric crystals are currently receiving particular attention because they can be used as bulk polycrystals. Herein, we show that an ionic molecular ferroelectric crystal, guanidinium tetrafluoroborate, exhibits significant malleability and multiaxial ferroelectricity despite the absence of a plastic crystal phase. Powder samples of this crystal can be processed into transparent bulk crystalline plates either by press-forming or by melt-growing. The plates show high ferroelectric performance and related properties, demonstrating the largest hitherto reported spontaneous polarization for bulk polycrystals of small-molecule-based ferroelectrics. Owing to the ready availability of large-scale materials and processability into various bulk crystalline forms, this ferroelectric crystal represents a highly promising functional material that will boost research on diverse applications as bulk crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Haruka Takahashi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Rin Notsuka
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Mika Takehisa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Usui
- Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kyoto, 617-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Taniguchi
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
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16
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Shin JC, Kim TY, Kim HJ, Choi UH, Park HS, Lee M. New organic ionic plastic crystals based on pyrrolidinium dication for a solid‐phase electrolyte. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Chan Shin
- Department of Chemistry Kunsan National University Gunsan South Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea
| | - Hwi Jung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea
| | - Ho Seok Park
- School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kunsan National University Gunsan South Korea
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17
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Stabilization of the (C 2H 5) 4NHSO 4 High-Temperature Phase in New Silica-Based Nanocomposite Systems. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248805. [PMID: 36557938 PMCID: PMC9781804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the electrotransport, thermal and structural properties of composite solid electrolytes based on (C2H5)4NHSO4 plastic phase and silica (1 - x)Et4NHSO4-xSiO2, where x = 0.3-0.9) were investigated for the first time. The composites were prepared by mechanical mixing of silica (300 m2/g, Rpore = 70Å) and salt with subsequent heating at temperatures near the Et4NHSO4 melting point. Heterogeneous doping is shown to change markedly the thermodynamic and structural parameters of the salt. It is important that, with an increase in the proportion of silica in the composites, the high-temperature disordered I41/acd phase is stabilized at room temperature, as this determines the properties of the system. Et4NHSO4 amorphization was also observed in the nanocomposites, with an increase in the matrix contents. The enthalpies of the endoeffects of salt melting and phase transitions (160 °C) changed more significantly than the Et4NHSO4 contents in the composites and completely disappeared at x = 0.9. The dependence of proton conductivity on the mole fraction reached a maximum at x = 0.8, which was three or four orders of magnitude higher than the value for pure Et4NHSO4, depending on the composition and the temperature. The maximum conductivity values were close to those for complete pore filling. The conductivity of the 0.2Et4NHSO4-0.8SiO2 composite reached 7 ∗ 10-3 S/cm at 220 °C and 10-4 S/cm at 110 °C.
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18
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Ying T, Tan Y, Tang Y, Fan X, Wang F, Wan M, Liao J, Huang Y. High-Tc Quadratic Nonlinear Optical and Dielectric Switchings in Fe-Based Plastic Crystalline Ferroelectric. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20608-20615. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TingTing Ying
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - YuHui Tan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - YunZhi Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - XiaoWei Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - FangXin Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - MingYang Wan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - YanLe Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
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19
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García Y, O’Dell LA. Understanding the interfacial region in organic ionic plastic crystal composite electrolyte materials by solid-state NMR. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Nishikawa K, Fujii K, Yamada T, Yoshizawa-Fujita M, Matsumoto K. Free ionic rotators on crystal lattice points – Structures of ionic plastic crystals. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Casimiro A, Lugger J, Lub J, Nijmeijer K. Non-Globular Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal Containing a Crown-Ether Moiety - Tuning Its Behaviour Using Sodium Salts. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200258. [PMID: 35561265 PMCID: PMC9400962 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are a class of soft materials showing positional order while still allowing orientational freedom. Due to their motional freedom in the solid state, they possess plasticity, non-flammability and high ionic conductivity. OIPC behavior is typically exhibited by 'simple' globular molecules allowing molecular rotation, whereas the interactions that govern the formation of OIPC phases in complex non-globular molecules are less understood. To better understand these interactions, a new family of non-globular OIPCs containing a 15-crown-5 ether moiety was synthetized and characterized. The 15C5BA molecule prepared does not exhibit the sought-after behavior because of its non-globular nature and strong intermolecular H-bonds that restrict orientational motion. However, the OIPC behavior was successfully obtained through complexation of the crown-ether moiety with sodium salts containing chaotropic anions. Those anions weaken the interactions between the molecules, allowing rotational freedom and tuning of the thermal and morphological properties of the OIPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Casimiro
- Membrane Materials and ProcessesDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jody Lugger
- Membrane Materials and ProcessesDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Johan Lub
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and DevicesDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Kitty Nijmeijer
- Membrane Materials and ProcessesDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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22
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Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Electrolytes Based on Al-Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 and Ionic Liquids. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Organic–inorganic hybrid electrolytes based on Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and two different ionic liquids (ILs), namely N-ethoxyethyl-N-methylpiperidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI IL) and N-ethoxyethyl-N-methylpiperidinium difluoro(oxalato)borate (DFOB IL), were prepared with the aim of improvement of inherent flexibilities of inorganic solid electrolytes. The composites were evaluated in terms of thermal, spectroscopical, and electrochemical properties. In the impedance spectra of LLZO composites with 15 wt% ILs, a semi-circle due to grain boundary resistances was not observed. With the sample merely pressed with 1 ton, without any high-temperature sintering process, the ionic conductivity of 10−3 S cm−1 was achieved at room temperature. Employing a ternary composite of LLZO, FSI IL, and LiFSI as an electrolyte, all-solid-state lithium metal batteries having LiFePO4 as a cathode were assembled. The cell exhibited a capacity above 100 mAh g−1 throughout the course of charge–discharge cycle at C/20. This confirms that FSI IL is an effective additive for inorganic solid electrolytes, which can guarantee the ion conduction.
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23
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Abeysooriya S, Lee M, O'Dell LA, Pringle JM. Plastic crystal-based electrolytes using novel dicationic salts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:4899-4909. [PMID: 35137730 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04314e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unique structures of dications increase the number of possible combinations of cations and anions that can be used to obtain new materials with a wide range of physicochemical properties. However, structure-property relationships related to dicationic organic salts are seldom explored. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of two new dicationic salts, 1,2-bis(N-ethylpyrrolidinium)ethane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C2-Pyrr2][TFSI]2) and 1,2-bis(N-n-propylpyrrolidinium)ethane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C2-Pyrr3][TFSI]2). To investigate the physicochemical properties of the organic salts, local structure and dynamics were investigated by variable temperature solid-state NMR and correlated with the thermal analysis and ionic conductivity. These studies revealed that [C2-Pyrr3][TFSI]2, with the longer alkyl-side chain on the dication, showed improved transport properties compared to [C2-Pyrr2][TFSI]2. Further exploration of the organic salts as potential electrolyte materials was conducted by mixing with 10 mol% lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). This study demonstrates the effect that lithium salt addition has on thermal and ionic conductivity properties, where the largest increase in conductivity was found for [C2-Pyrr3][TFSI]2/LiTFSI (10 mol% LiTFSI). Solid-state NMR analysis revealed that Li+ and [TFSI]- ions acted as the major contributors to ionic conductivity while the dications in the bulk structure showed lower mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanika Abeysooriya
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood Hwy, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, South Korea
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Burwood Hwy, VIC 3125, Australia.
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24
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Shao DS, Sang L, Kong YR, Deng ZR, Luo HB, Tian ZF, Ren XM. Tunable thermotropic phase transition triggering large dielectric response and superionic conduction in lead halide perovskites. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01650h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites show tunable structural phase transition, accompanied by large dielectric response and superionic conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Lei Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ru Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Fang Tian
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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25
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Qian Y, Wang YM, Xu L, Yao W, Shao DS, Ren X. Formation of Organic Ion Cocrystals, Phase Transition and Ion Conduction. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00156j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are increasingly drawing attention recently owing to their many practical applications. In this study, seven organic salts [Cat1][Cat2][Ni(mnt)2] were prepared, herein mnt2− = maleonitriledithiolate, Cat1+...
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26
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Zhu H, Huang G, O'Dell LA, Forsyth M. New Insights into Decoupled Cation and Anion Transport and Dynamic Heterogeneity in a Diethyl(methyl)(isobutyl)phosphonium Hexafluorophosphate Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9853-9858. [PMID: 34606277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are an emerging family of materials with demonstrated applications in electrochemical devices such as lithium/sodium ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, and hydrogen fuel cells. Herein, we present direct evidence of anion diffusion through a relatively static background of a cation lattice in an ionic plastic crystal compound, [P122i4][PF6], in an elevated temperature solid phase. We found all anions are diffusive, whereas only a small population of cations is diffusive. Two anion populations were identified with diffusion coefficients differing by 2 orders of magnitude. The slow-diffusing anion is attributed to the plastic crystal region where the cation forms a relative static background, allowing anions to diffuse possibly through a defect-assisted hopping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Gongyue Huang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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27
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Wang Y, Zanelotti CJ, Wang X, Kerr R, Jin L, Kan WH, Dingemans TJ, Forsyth M, Madsen LA. Solid-state rigid-rod polymer composite electrolytes with nanocrystalline lithium ion pathways. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1255-1263. [PMID: 33941912 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A critical challenge for next-generation lithium-based batteries lies in development of electrolytes that enable thermal safety along with the use of high-energy-density electrodes. We describe molecular ionic composite electrolytes based on an aligned liquid crystalline polymer combined with ionic liquids and concentrated Li salt. This high strength (200 MPa) and non-flammable solid electrolyte possesses outstanding Li+ conductivity (1 mS cm-1 at 25 °C) and electrochemical stability (5.6 V versus Li|Li+) while suppressing dendrite growth and exhibiting low interfacial resistance (32 Ω cm2) and overpotentials (≤120 mV at 1 mA cm-2) during Li symmetric cell cycling. A heterogeneous salt doping process modifies a locally ordered polymer-ion assembly to incorporate an inter-grain network filled with defective LiFSI and LiBF4 nanocrystals, strongly enhancing Li+ conduction. This modular material fabrication platform shows promise for safe and high-energy-density energy storage and conversion applications, incorporating the fast transport of ceramic-like conductors with the superior flexibility of polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Curt J Zanelotti
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Xiaoen Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellent for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellent for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liyu Jin
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellent for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wang Hay Kan
- China Spallation Neutron Source, Chinese Academy of Science, Dongguan, China
| | - Theo J Dingemans
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellent for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louis A Madsen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Zhu H, O'Dell LA. Nuclear magnetic resonance characterisation of ionic liquids and organic ionic plastic crystals: common approaches and recent advances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5609-5625. [PMID: 34048516 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids, and their solid-state equivalents organic ionic plastic crystals, show many useful and tailorable properties that make them interesting for a wide range of applications including as electrolytes for energy storage devices. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and related techniques offer a powerful and versatile toolkit for the characterisation of structure, interactions and dynamics in these materials. This article summarises both commonly used methods and some recent advances in this area, including solution- and solid-state methods, dynamic nuclear polarisation, imaging, diffusion and relaxation measurements, and example applications of some less commonly studied nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
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Park H, Park CB, Sung BJ. The effects of vacancies and their mobility on the dynamic heterogeneity in 1,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate organic ionic plastic crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11980-11989. [PMID: 34002734 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00952d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are the crystals of electrolytes with a long-range translational order. The rotational modes of ions in OIPCs are, however, activated even in solid phases such that the diffusion of dopants such as lithium ions may be facilitated. OIPCs have been, therefore, considered as good candidates for solid electrolytes. Recent experiments and theoretical studies have suggested that both the translational and the rotational diffusion of ions are quite heterogeneous: the diffusion of some ions are quite fast while other ions of the same kind hardly diffuse, either rotationally or translationally. Such dynamic heterogeneity would be a key to the transport mechanism of dopants in solid state electrolytes. In this work, we investigate the effects of defects on the dynamic heterogeneity of OIPCs. We perform atomistic molecular dynamics simulation of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([MMIM][PF6]) with a pair of cation and anion vacancies. At low temperature, vacancies undergo hopping motions toward each other and form a charge-neutral cluster. At high temperature, two vacancies act like a loosely bonded molecule and diffuse together via hopping motions. We find that the translational diffusion of ions is correlated strongly with the vacancy diffusion and becomes heterogeneous when the vacancies hop. The rotation of ions also becomes active when the ions are close to vacancies such that the rotational dynamic heterogeneity strengthens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungshick Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chung Bin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Asanbaeva NB, Rychkov DA, Tyapkin PY, Arkhipov SG, Uvarov NF. The unique structure of [(C4H9)4N]3[Pb(NO3)5]—one step forward in understanding transport properties in tetra-n-butylammonium-based solid electrolytes. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Das S, Mondal A, Reddy CM. Harnessing molecular rotations in plastic crystals: a holistic view for crystal engineering of adaptive soft materials. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8878-8896. [PMID: 33185234 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00475h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastic crystals (PCs), formed by certain types of molecules or ions with reorientational freedom, offer both exceptional mechanical plasticity and long range order, hence they are attractive for many mechano-adaptable technologies. While most classic PCs belong to simple globular molecular systems, a vast number of examples in the literature with diverse geometrical (cylindrical, bent, disk, etc.) and chemical (neutral, ionic, etc.) natures have proven their wide scope and opportunities. All the recent reviews on PCs aim to provide insights into a particular application, for instance, organic plastic crystal electrolytes or ferroelectrics. This tutorial review presents a holistic view of PCs by unifying the recent excellent progress in fundamental concepts from diverse areas as well as comparing them with liquid crystals, amphidynamic crystals, ordered crystals, etc. We cover the molecular and structural origins of the unique characteristics of PCs, such as exceptional plasticity, facile reversible switching of order-to-disorder states and associated colossal heat changes, and diffusion of ions/molecules, and their attractive applications in solid electrolytes, opto-electronics, ferroeletrics, piezoelectrics, pyroelectrics, barocalorics, magnetics, nonlinear optics, and so on. The recent progress not only demonstrates the diversity of scientific areas in which PCs are gaining attention but also the opportunities one can exploit using a crystal engineering approach, for example, the design of novel dynamic functional soft materials for future use in flexible devices or soft-robotic machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susobhan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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32
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Ramos F, Forsyth M, Pringle JM. Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal-Based Composite Membranes for Light Gas Separation: The Impact of Varying Ion Type and Casting Method. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5740-5748. [PMID: 32902204 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The promise of organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) for development of a novel type of gas separation membrane with competitive gas selectivity for CO2 /N2 was recently demonstrated. This work aimed to design more selective membranes by investigating a different type of OIPC and a new membrane preparation method. Two different OIPCs were solvent-cast or co-cast with poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF), and their gas transport properties were compared. The first OIPC, methyl(diethyl)isobutylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P122i4 ][PF6 ]), was previously studied using the co-cast method, and this was used as a benchmark. The second, N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([C2 mpyr][FSI]), was investigated for the first time for gas separation applications, achieving high selectivities (α CO 2 / N 2 >40). The thermophysical properties of the composites indicated that the co-casting method is a good way to fabricate solid, mechanically stable and durable membranes. Additionally, the enhanced molecular interactions indicated in OIPC/PVDF co-cast composites point to a new approach for synthesis of other highly selective OIPC-based membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ramos
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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33
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Al‐Masri D, Yunis R, Hollenkamp AF, Pringle JM. Designing Solid‐State Electrolytes through the Structural Modification of a High‐Performing Ionic Liquid. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danah Al‐Masri
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3217 Australia
| | - Ruhamah Yunis
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3217 Australia
| | - Anthony F. Hollenkamp
- Energy Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia
| | - Jennifer M. Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3217 Australia
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34
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Al-Masri D, Yunis R, Hollenkamp AF, Doherty CM, Pringle JM. The influence of alkyl chain branching on the properties of pyrrolidinium-based ionic electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:18102-18113. [PMID: 32760990 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03046e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids and plastic crystals based on pyrrolidinium cations are recognised for their advantageous properties such as high conductivity, low viscosity, and good electrochemical and thermal stability. The pyrrolidinium ring can be substituted with symmetric or asymmetric alkyl chain substituents to form a range of ionic liquids or plastic crystals depending on the anion. However, reports into the use of branched alkyl chains and how this influences the material properties are limited. Here, we report the synthesis of six salts - ionic liquids and organic ionic plastic crystals - where the typically used linear propyl chain substituent is replaced by the branched alternative, isopropyl, to form the cation [C(i3)mpyr]+, in combination with six different anions: dicyanamide, (fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate. The thermal and transport properties of these salts are compared to those of the analogous N-propyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium and N,N-diethylpyrrolidinium-based salts. Finally, a high lithium salt content ionic liquid electrolyte based on the bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt was developed. This electrolyte showed high coulombic efficiencies of lithium plating/stripping and high lithium ion transference number, making it a strong candidate for use in lithium metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danah Al-Masri
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Ruhamah Yunis
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Anthony F Hollenkamp
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Energy, Clayton, 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Cara M Doherty
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3125, Australia.
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35
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Shalini S, Vaid TP, Matzger AJ. Salt nanoconfinement in zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks leads to pore-size and loading-dependent ionic conductivity enhancement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7245-7248. [PMID: 32478367 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03147j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nanoscale confinement of a salt on its ionic conductivity was studied for [NEt4][TFSI] melt-loaded in three isoreticular zirconium-based MOFs: UiO-66, UiO-67, and PCN-56. Conductivity of the MOF-salt composites was up to a factor of 50 higher than the pure salt, and maximized with slightly less than full loading of the MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorout Shalini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Thomas P Vaid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Adam J Matzger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA
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36
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Qian Y, Shao DS, Yao WW, Yao ZY, Wang L, Liu WL, Ren XM. A Promising Phase Change Material with Record High Ionic Conductivity over a Wide Temperature Range of a Plastic Crystal Phase and Magnetic Thermal Memory Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:28129-28138. [PMID: 32469195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The emerging organic ion plastic crystals (OIPCs) are the most promising candidates used as solid-state electrolytes in a range of ionic devices. To endow an OIPC with additional functionality may create a new type of material for multifunctional devices. Herein, we present an ion plastic crystal, [EMIm][Ni(mnt)2] (1; [EMIm]+ = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and mnt2- = maleonitriledithiolate), and its crystal consists of twin dimeric chains of [Ni(mnt)2]- anions, embraced by [EMIm]+ cations. A crystal-to-plastic crystal transformation with a large latent heat that occurred at ∼367/337 K on heating/cooling is confirmed by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The plastic crystal phase in 1, characterized by variable temperature powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and optical microscopy images, spans a broad temperature range with ΔT ∼123/153 K on heating/cooling (DSC measurement), and the wide ΔT is relevant to an extra stable anion chain owing to the strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions protecting the chain from collapse in the plastic crystal state. 1 is a single-component ion plastic crystal with a record high ion conductivity, 0.21 S·cm-1, at 453 K. The crystal-to-plastic crystal transformation in 1 is coupled to a bistable magnetic transition to give a multi-in-one multifunctional material. This study provides a creative thought for the design of OIPCs with striking thermal, electrical, and magnetic multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Wan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Wen-Long Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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37
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Wang X, Kerr R, Chen F, Goujon N, Pringle JM, Mecerreyes D, Forsyth M, Howlett PC. Toward High-Energy-Density Lithium Metal Batteries: Opportunities and Challenges for Solid Organic Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905219. [PMID: 31961989 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demands for safe, high capacity energy storage to support personal electronics, newer devices such as unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as the commercialization of electric vehicles, current energy storage technologies are facing increased challenges. Although alternative batteries have been intensively investigated, lithium (Li) batteries are still recognized as the preferred energy storage solution for the consumer electronics markets and next generation automobiles. However, the commercialized Li batteries still have disadvantages, such as low capacities, potential safety issues, and unfavorable cycling life. Therefore, the design and development of electromaterials toward high-energy-density, long-life-span Li batteries with improved safety is a focus for researchers in the field of energy materials. Herein, recent advances in the development of novel organic electrolytes are summarized toward solid-state Li batteries with higher energy density and improved safety. On the basis of new insights into ionic conduction and design principles of organic-based solid-state electrolytes, specific strategies toward developing these electrolytes for Li metal anodes, high-energy-density cathode materials (e.g., high voltage materials), as well as the optimization of cathode formulations are outlined. Finally, prospects for next generation solid-state electrolytes are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoen Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
| | - Robert Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Nicolas Goujon
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Patrick C Howlett
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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38
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Mondal A, Bhattacharya B, Das S, Bhunia S, Chowdhury R, Dey S, Reddy CM. Metal‐like Ductility in Organic Plastic Crystals: Role of Molecular Shape and Dihydrogen Bonding Interactions in Aminoboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mondal
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM)Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Institute of CrystallographyRWTH Aachen University Jägerstraße 17–19 52066 Aachen Germany
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM)Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
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39
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Mondal A, Bhattacharya B, Das S, Bhunia S, Chowdhury R, Dey S, Reddy CM. Metal‐like Ductility in Organic Plastic Crystals: Role of Molecular Shape and Dihydrogen Bonding Interactions in Aminoboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10971-10980. [PMID: 32087039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mondal
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM)Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Institute of CrystallographyRWTH Aachen University Jägerstraße 17–19 52066 Aachen Germany
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM)Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia West Bengal India
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40
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González-Izquierdo P, Fabelo O, Beobide G, Cano I, Ruiz de Larramendi I, Vallcorba O, Fernández JR, Fernández-Díaz MT, de Pedro I. Crystal structure, magneto-structural correlation, thermal and electrical studies of an imidazolium halometallate molten salt: (trimim)[FeCl 4]. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11200-11209. [PMID: 35495334 PMCID: PMC9050550 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00245c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel imidazolium halometallate molten salt with formula (trimim)[FeCl4] (trimim: 1,2,3-trimethylimidazolium) was synthetized and studied with structural and physico-chemical characterization. Variable-temperature synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (SXPD) from 100 to 400 K revealed two structural transitions at 200 and 300 K. Three different crystal structures were determined combining single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD), and SXPD. From 100 to 200 K, the compound exhibits a monoclinic crystal structure with space group P21/c. At 200 K, the former crystal system and space group are retained, but a disorder in the organic cations is introduced. Above 300 K, the structure transits to the orthorhombic space group Pbcn, retaining the crystallinity up to 400 K. The study of the thermal expansion process in this temperature range showed anisotropically evolving cell parameters with an axial negative thermal expansion. Such an induction occurs immediately after the crystal phase transition due to the translational and reorientational dynamic displacements of the imidazolium cation within the crystal building. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that this motion implies a high and stable solid-state ionic conduction (range from 4 × 10-6 S cm-1 at room temperature to 5.5 × 10-5 S cm-1 at 400 K). In addition, magnetization and heat capacity measurements proved the presence of a three-dimensional antiferromagnetic ordering below 3 K. The magnetic structure, determined by neutron powder diffraction, corresponds to ferromagnetic chains along the a-axis, which are antiferromagnetically coupled to the nearest neighboring chains through an intricate network of superexchange pathways, in agreement with the magnetometry measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmerina González-Izquierdo
- CITIMAC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cantabria 39005 Santander Spain
- Institut Laue-Langevin BP 156X, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex France
| | - Oscar Fabelo
- Institut Laue-Langevin BP 156X, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex France
| | - Garikoitz Beobide
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - Israel Cano
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Idoia Ruiz de Larramendi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - Oriol Vallcorba
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source Cerdanyola del Vallés Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | - Imanol de Pedro
- CITIMAC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cantabria 39005 Santander Spain
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41
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Zhu H, Forsyth M. Ion Vacancies and Transport in 1-Methylimidazolium Triflate Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:510-515. [PMID: 31896255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are an important family of materials that have shown exciting possibilities as solid electrolytes for lithium ion batteries and other electrochemical devices. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that, although the X-ray shows sharp diffraction peaks, both cation and anion clearly exhibit significant ion diffusion in solid phase I. Two phases with ion diffusivities differing by 2 orders of magnitude can be identified. The populations of the cation and anion in both phases are found to be unequal, hinting at the existence of (negatively charged) cation vacancies in the plastic crystal phase and a positively charged grain boundary phase. These interesting properties of ion vacancies and unequal populations of cation and anion are likely to be ubiquitous in other OIPCs, and it is of paramount importance to be aware of these features to correctly understand the structure-property relationships of this important material family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3216 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM) , Deakin University , Burwood , Victoria 3125 , Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3216 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM) , Deakin University , Burwood , Victoria 3125 , Australia
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Mochida T, Sumitani R, Yamazoe T. Thermal properties, crystal structures, and phase diagrams of ionic plastic crystals and ionic liquids containing a chiral cationic sandwich complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25803-25810. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04870d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salts of a chiral ruthenium sandwich complex with various anions were synthesized and their phase diagrams were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kobe University
- Hyogo 657-8501
- Japan
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Synthesis of an Adduct-Type Organic Ionic Crystal with Solid-State Ionic Conductivity from A Thiocyanate-Based Ionic Liquid and B(C6F5)3. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9110567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized the novel adduct-type organic ionic crystal [C3mim][SCN·B(C6F5)3] (1) by the reaction of 1–methyl–3–propylimidazolium thiocyanate ([C3mim][SCN]), which is a room temperature ionic liquid, and B(C6F5)3, a bulky Lewis acid. The formation of a coordinative B–N bond between the SCN anion and the B(C6F5)3 in 1 was revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. We showed that 1 displays ionic conductivity in the crystalline state and that doping 1 with sodium thiocyanate and B(C6F5)3 results in a dramatic increase in ionic conductivity compared to that of 1.
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Kimata H, Sumitani R, Mochida T. Phase Transitions and Crystal Structures of Ionic Plastic Crystals Comprising Quaternary Ammonium Cations and Carborane Anion. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Kimata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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