1
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Aboelez MO, Ezelarab HAA, Alotaibi G, Abouzed DEE. Inflammatory setting, therapeutic strategies targeting some pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathways in mitigating ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic injury: a comprehensive review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:6299-6315. [PMID: 38643452 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a key determining agent in the pathophysiology of clinical organ dysfunction. It is characterized by an aseptic local inflammatory reaction due to a decrease in blood supply, hence deprivation of dependent oxygen and nutrients. In instances of liver transplantation, this injury may have irreversible implications, resulting in eventual organ rejection. The deterioration associated with IRI is affected by the hepatic health status and various factors such as alterations in metabolism, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The primary cause of inflammation is the initial immune response of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while Kupffer cells (KFCs) and neutrophil-produced chemokines also play a significant role. Upon reperfusion, the activation of inflammatory responses can elicit further cellular damage and organ dysfunction. This review discusses the interplay between chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators that contribute to the damage to hepatocytes and liver failure in rats following IR. Furthermore, it delves into the impact of anti-inflammatory therapies in safeguarding against liver failure and hepatocellular damage in rats following IR. This review investigates the correlation between cytokine factors and liver dysfunction via examining databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), and Research Gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, 11961, Al-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deiaa E Elsayed Abouzed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
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2
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Deng RM, Zhou J. Targeting NF-κB in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Alleviation: from Signaling Networks to Therapeutic Targeting. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3409-3426. [PMID: 37991700 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complication of liver trauma, resection, and transplantation that can lead to liver dysfunction and failure. Scholars have proposed a variety of liver protection methods aimed at reducing ischemia-reperfusion damage, but there is still a lack of effective treatment methods, which urgently needs to find new effective treatment methods for patients. Many studies have reported that signaling pathway plays a key role in HIRI pathological process and liver function recovery mechanism, among which nuclear transfer factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is one of the signal transduction closely related to disease. NF-κB pathway is closely related to HIRI pathologic process, and inhibition of this pathway can delay oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, NF-κB can also interact with PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Nrf2 signaling pathways to participate in HIRI regulation. Based on the role of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, it may be a potential target pathway for HIRI. This review emphasizes the role of inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction in HIRI, as well as the effects of related drugs or inhibitors targeting NF-κB on HIRI. The objective of this review is to elucidate the role and mechanism of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, emphasize the important role of NF-κB pathway in the prevention and treatment of HIRI, and provide a theoretical basis for the target NF-κB pathway as a therapy for HIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhou
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu J, Zhou T, Menggen M, Aimulajiang K, Wen H. Ghrelin regulating liver activity and its potential effects on liver fibrosis and Echinococcosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1324134. [PMID: 38259969 PMCID: PMC10800934 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1324134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin widely exists in the central nervous system and peripheral organs, and has biological activities such as maintaining energy homeostasis, regulating lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, immune response, gastrointestinal physiological activities, cognition, memory, circadian rhythm and reward effects. In many benign liver diseases, it may play a hepatoprotective role against steatosis, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, and improve liver cell autophagy and immune response to improve disease progression. However, the role of Ghrelin in liver Echinococcosis is currently unclear. This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which Ghrelin regulates liver growth metabolism, immune-inflammation, fibrogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis, as well as its protective effects in liver fibrosis diseases, and further proposes the role of Ghrelin in liver Echinococcosis infection. During the infectious process, it may promote the parasitism and survival of parasites on the host by improving the immune-inflammatory microenvironment and fibrosis state, thereby accelerating disease progression. However, there is currently a lack of targeted in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence for this viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tanfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Meng Menggen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kalibixiati Aimulajiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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4
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Wu K, Tao G, Xu T, An Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo W, Ma L. Downregulation of miR-497-5p prevents liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in association with MED1/TIMP-2 axis and the NF-κB pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21180. [PMID: 33715222 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001029r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical pathological phenomenon, which is accompanied by the occurrence in liver transplantation. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in liver I/R injury. Therefore, the study of miRNAs function will contribute a new biological marker diagnosis of liver I/R injury. This study aims to evaluate effects of miR-497-5p in liver I/R injury in mice. The related regulatory factors of miR-497-5p in liver I/R injury were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Vascular occlusion was performed to establish the liver I/R injury animal models. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was performed to establish the in vitro models. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was conducted to assess liver injury. The inflammatory factors were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry was adopted to assess the cell apoptosis. The expression of miR-497b-5p was increased in liver I/R injury. Knockdown of miR-497b-5p inhibited the production of inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis. Overexpression of mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) inhibited cell apoptosis to alleviate liver I/R injury. miR-497b-5p could activate the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway by inhibiting the MED1/TIMP-2 axis to promote liver I/R injury. This study may provide a new strategy for the treatment of liver I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, P. R. China
| | - Guoquan Tao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, P. R. China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan An
- Department of V.I.P Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyou Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
| | - Shaochuang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, P. R. China
| | - Wen Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P. R. China
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5
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How Machine Perfusion Ameliorates Hepatic Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147523. [PMID: 34299142 PMCID: PMC8307386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing disparity between the number of patients listed for transplantation and the number of suitable organs has led to the increasing use of extended criteria donors (ECDs). ECDs are at increased risk of developing ischaemia reperfusion injury and greater risk of post-transplant complications. Ischaemia reperfusion injury is a major complication of organ transplantation defined as the inflammatory changes seen following the disruption and restoration of blood flow to an organ—it is a multifactorial process with the potential to cause both local and systemic organ failure. The utilisation of machine perfusion under normothermic (37 degrees Celsius) and hypothermic (4–10 degrees Celsius) has proven to be a significant advancement in organ preservation and restoration. One of the key benefits is its ability to optimise suboptimal organs for successful transplantation. This review is focused on examining ischaemia reperfusion injury and how machine perfusion ameliorates the graft’s response to this.
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Abd El-Baset SA, Abd El-Haleem MR, Abdul-Maksoud RS, Kattaia AAA. Mesna ameliorates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13356. [PMID: 34172794 PMCID: PMC8233331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is severely affected by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Mesna, a thiol compound, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed in the present work to explore the potential beneficial effects of Mesna on the acute lung damage mediated by intestinal I-R in a rat model. Forty male adult albino rats were randomly separated into; control, intestinal I-R, Mesna I and Mesna II groups. Mesna was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 60 min before ischemia (Mesna I) and after reperfusion (Mesna II). Arterial blood gases and total proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were measured. Lung tissue homogenates were utilized for biochemical assays of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Lung specimens were managed for examination by light and electron microscopy. Our results revealed that Mesna attenuated the histopathological changes and apoptosis of the lung following intestinal I-R. Mesna also recovered systemic oxygenation. Mesna suppressed neutrophil infiltration (as endorsed by the reduction in MPO level), reduced ICAM-1 mRNA expression, inhibited NF-κB pathway and reduced the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in the lung tissues. Mesna maintained the antioxidant profile as evidenced by the elevation of the tissue GPx and SOD and down-regulation of HSP70 immune-expressions. Accordingly, Mesna treatment can be a promising way to counteract remote injury of the lung resulted from intestinal I-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Adel Abd El-Baset
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt.
| | - Manal R Abd El-Haleem
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt.,Faculty of Dentistry, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa A A Kattaia
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt
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7
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Cao J, Xu T, Zhou C, Wang S, Jiang B, Wu K, Ma L. NR4A1 knockdown confers hepatoprotection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing TGFβ1 via inhibition of CYR61/NF-κB in mouse hepatocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5099-5112. [PMID: 33942481 PMCID: PMC8178266 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 (NR4A1) can aggravate ischaemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury in the heart, kidney and brain. Thus, the present study aimed to unravel the role of NR4A1 on hepatic I/R injury. For this purpose, the mouse hepatic I/R model and H/R‐exposed mouse hepatocytes model were established to stimulate the hepatic and hepatocellular damage. Then, the levels of ALT and AST as well as TNF‐α and IL‐1β expression were measured in the mouse serum and supernatant of hepatocyte s, respectively. Thereafter, we quantified the levels of NR4A1, CYR61, NF‐kB p65 and TGFβ1 under pathological conditions, and their interactions were analysed using ChIP and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assays. The in vivo and in vitro effects of NR4A1, CYR61, NF‐kB p65 and TGFβ1 on I/R‐induced hepatic and H/R‐induced hepatocellular damage were evaluated using gain‐ and loss‐of‐function approaches. NR4A1 was up‐regulated in the hepatic tissues of I/R‐operated mice and in H/R‐treated hepatocytes. Silencing NR4A1 relieved the I/R‐induced hepatic injury, as supported by suppression of ALT and AST as well as TNF‐α and IL‐1β. Meanwhile, NR4A1 knockdown attenuated the H/R‐induced hepatocellular damage by inhibiting the apoptosis of hepatocyte s. Moreover, we also found that NR4A1 up‐regulated the expression of CYR61 which resulted in the activation of the NF‐κB signalling pathway, thereby enhancing the transcription of TGFβ1, which was validated to be the mechanism underlying the contributory role of NR4A1 in hepatic I/R injury. Taken together, NR4A1 silencing reduced the expression of CYR61/NF‐κB/TGFβ1, thereby relieving the hepatic I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Department of hepatic and Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ting Xu
- The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chengming Zhou
- Department of hepatic and Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaochuang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Baofei Jiang
- Department of General surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of General surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Liao L, Huang L, Wei X, Yin L, Wei X, Li T. Bioinformatic and biochemical studies of formononetin against liver injure. Life Sci 2021; 272:119229. [PMID: 33607154 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Formononetin is a promising bioactive phytoestrogen with evident pharmacological properties. However, the potential hepatoprotective benefit is evidenced limitedly in experiments. This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective mechanism and benefit of formononetin against liver injury via network pharmacology combined with biochemical determination. The computational data from network pharmacology identified the crucial genes of formononetin against liver injury, listed as TNF-α, NFκB-p65, TLR3, RELA, TRAF6, IKBKG, IKBKB, TNFRSF1A. And the anti-liver injury of formononetin were mainly involved in suppression of inflammatory pathways, including TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. In animal investigation, formononetin-dosed mice showed reduced body weight loss and hepatomegaly, meliorated liver function, suppressed hepatotoxicity and inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, the down-regulated expressions of TNF-α, NFκB-p65, TLR3 mRNAs and proteins in the livers of formononetin-dosed mice were detected accordingly. Therefore, we concluded that computational findings based on network pharmacology reveal the pharmacological targets, biological processes, and molecular mechanisms of formononetin against liver injury before some of findings were partially certified in vivo. Overall, formononetin may be a potential active component to prevent or treat liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liejun Liao
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Lixiu Huang
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Lijun Yin
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Wei
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Taijie Li
- Medical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuming, Guangxi, PR China.
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9
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Baidya R, Crawford DHG, Gautheron J, Wang H, Bridle KR. Necroptosis in Hepatosteatotic Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165931. [PMID: 32824744 PMCID: PMC7460692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While liver transplantation remains the sole treatment option for patients with end-stage liver disease, there are numerous limitations to liver transplantation including the scarcity of donor livers and a rise in livers that are unsuitable to transplant such as those with excess steatosis. Fatty livers are susceptible to ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during transplantation and IR injury results in primary graft non-function, graft failure and mortality. Recent studies have described new cell death pathways which differ from the traditional apoptotic pathway. Necroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, has been associated with hepatic IR injury. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) are thought to be instrumental in the execution of necroptosis. The study of hepatic necroptosis and potential therapeutic approaches to attenuate IR injury will be a key factor in improving our knowledge regarding liver transplantation with fatty donor livers. In this review, we focus on the effect of hepatic steatosis during liver transplantation as well as molecular mechanisms of necroptosis and its involvement during liver IR injury. We also discuss the immune responses triggered during necroptosis and examine the utility of necroptosis inhibitors as potential therapeutic approaches to alleviate IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raji Baidya
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Darrell H. G. Crawford
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Jérémie Gautheron
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France;
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Haolu Wang
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
- Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kim R. Bridle
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4006, Australia; (R.B.); (D.H.G.C.)
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland QLD 4120, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3346-0698
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10
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Wang S, Yang X. Eleutheroside E decreases oxidative stress and NF-κB activation and reprograms the metabolic response against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106513. [PMID: 32330867 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes cardiac dysfunction through several mechanisms including oxidative stress and pro-inflammation. Eleutheroside E (EE) has protective effects in ischemia tissue and anti-inflammatory action. However, the effect of EE on I/R-injured cardiomyocytes is unknown. In this study, we used in vitro H9c2 cell model to investigate the favorable role of EE on myocardial I/R injury. We found that EE administration attenuated the cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury. Further, pre-treatment with EE dramatically inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress, IκBα phosphorylation and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) subunit p65 translocation into nuclei. EE might suppress the MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit the H/R-induced NF-κB activation. Moreover, we had analyzed the metabolomic profile of H/R-injured and H/R + 100 EE-treated H9c2 cells and found that the abundance of most metabolites changed by H/R could be re-modulated by EE treatment. Pathway analysis highlighted the inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis and alternation of arginine and proline metabolism as two potential links to the favorable effect of EE on H/R-injured cardiomyocytes. The further demonstration showed that nitric oxide (NO), a product that is solely catabolized by l-arginine and has profound anti-oxidative stress activity during H/R in cardiomyocytes, was augmented by EE. Altogether, our results provide evidence that EE may be a potential drug for myocardial I/R injury by reducing oxidative stress, NF-κB activation, and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyue Wang
- Department Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xuming Yang
- Department Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
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11
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Chen X, Cheng C, Zuo X, Huang W. Astragalin alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by improving anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and inhibiting apoptosis pathway in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:120. [PMID: 32316944 PMCID: PMC7171805 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalin (AG), a flavonoid from many traditional herbs and medicinal plants, has been described to exhibit in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The paper aimed to study the effects of astragalin on anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative ability and apoptosis signaling pathway in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS The rat model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by suture method. It was randomly divided into 5 groups, sham operation group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) treatment group, and astragalin treatment I / R group (12.5, 25, 50 mg / kg). After 24 h of reperfusion, the neurological deficits of the rats were analyzed and HE staining was performed. The volume of cerebral infarction was calculated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and the apoptosis of nerve cells was detected by TUNEL staining. In addition, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) assay and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured in rat brain tissue. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of related proteins. RESULTS Compared with I/R group, the neurological deficit score and infarct volume of I/R rats were reduced in the astragalin treatment group. In the astragalin treatment group, MDA and NO levels in I/R rats were reduced, antioxidant enzymes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased. In the astragalin treatment group, NF-κB (p65) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels were down-regulated, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nucleus and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression levels were up-regulated. In addition, the astragalin treatment can inhibit apoptosis, down-regulate Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression, up-regulate Bcl-Xl expression. CONCLUSION The antioxidant properties of astragalin may play an important role in improving cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, No.83 Xinqiao Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, No.83 Xinqiao Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xuzheng Zuo
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of southern Theatre Command, Liuhua Road, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, No.83 Xinqiao Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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12
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Zhang XZ, Han F, Ding CG, Dou M, Wang YX, Xue WJ, Ding XM, Zheng J, Xu CX, Tian PX. Different roles of bortezomib and ONX 0914 in acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106259. [PMID: 32143000 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib offers one more option for acute or chronic antibody-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation, but aggravated acute kidney injury (AKI) in some cases early after surgery using bortezomib bring new problem. Here, we evaluated the effects of bortezomib and ONX-0914 on renal tubule injury in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. After treated with bortezomib, serum creatinine, usea nitrogen and tubular necrosis significantly increased compared with vehicle-treated mice, but decreased in ONX-0914 group mildly. Infiltration of neutrophil and macrophage were less in bortezomib and ONX-0914-treated mice than vehicle-treated group, and the same was observed on oxidative stress in the kidneys. Furthermore, the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells increased in bortezomib-treated mice' kidneys compared with ONX-0914 and vehicle-treated controls. In vitro HK2 cell experiments also demonstrated the proapoptotic effect of bortezomib. The mRNA expression of several proapoptotic factors increased in kidneys of bortezomib-treated mice. In brief, bortezomib, as a proteasome inhibitor, shows a certain cytotoxicity to renal tubular epithelial cell during ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) through increased apoptosis. ONX-0914, as an immunoproteasome inhibitor, showed equal potency on anti-inflammation and oxidative stress relieving compared with bortezomib, while less cytotoxicity. The results render the immunoproteasome is a better target for anti-rejection and protecting kidney function in the field of organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Guang Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Dou
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu-Jun Xue
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Center of Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Pu-Xun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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13
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Buchwald JE, Xu J, Bozorgzadeh A, Martins PN. Therapeutics administered during ex vivo liver machine perfusion: An overview. World J Transplant 2020; 10:1-14. [PMID: 32110510 PMCID: PMC7031625 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the use of extended criteria donors has increased the pool of available livers for transplant, it has also introduced the need to develop improved methods of protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), as these "marginal" organs are particularly vulnerable to IRI during the process of procurement, preservation, surgery, and post-transplantation. In this review, we explore the current basic science research investigating therapeutics administered during ex vivo liver machine perfusion aimed at mitigating the effects of IRI in the liver transplantation process. These various categories of therapeutics are utilized during the perfusion process and include invoking the RNA interference pathway, utilizing defatting cocktails, and administering classes of agents such as vasodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, human liver stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, and δ-opioid agonists in order to reduce the damage of IRI. Ex vivo machine perfusion is an attractive alternative to static cold storage due to its ability to continuously perfuse the organ, effectively deliver substrates and oxygen required for cellular metabolism, therapeutically administer pharmacological or cytoprotective agents, and continuously monitor organ viability during perfusion. The use of administered therapeutics during machine liver perfusion has demonstrated promising results in basic science studies. While novel therapeutic approaches to combat IRI are being developed through basic science research, their use in clinical medicine and treatment in patients for liver transplantation has yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna E Buchwald
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Jing Xu
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Adel Bozorgzadeh
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Paulo N Martins
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
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Protective Role of mTOR in Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Involvement of Inflammation and Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7861290. [PMID: 31827701 PMCID: PMC6885218 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7861290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a common phenomenon after liver resection and transplantation, which often results in liver graft dysfunction such as delayed graft function and primary nonfunction. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which coordinates cell growth and metabolism through sensing environmental inputs under physiological or pathological conditions, involved in the pathophysiological process of IR injury. In this review, we mainly present current evidence of the beneficial role of mTOR in modulating inflammation and autophagy under liver IR to provide some evidence for the potential therapies for liver IR injury.
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15
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Topcu A, Balik G, Atak M, Mercantepe T, Uydu HA, Tumkaya L. An investigation of the effects of metformin on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172790. [PMID: 31730761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the ovaries or tissue torsion can significantly reduce the ovarian reserve and thus cause severe gynecological and hormonal deficiencies. The discovery of new agents is always needed in the treatment of this condition. Metformin (MET) has been shown to be beneficial in attenuating ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury. Fifty-six female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups. Group 1 represented the control group (C), Group 2, the ischemia group (I), and Group 3, the ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R). Group 4, the ischemia (I)+250 group, and Group 5, the ischemia (I)+500 group, received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg MET, respectively. Group 6, the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)+250 group, and Group 7, the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)+500 group, received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg MET, respectively. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in ovarian tissue increased following I/R, while estradiol (E2) levels decreased. Moreover, infiltration and diffuse edematous areas were observed in addition to diffuse vascular congestion and hemorrhage findings. Caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ) expression levels also increased. MDA and TNF-α concentrations decreased in the MET treatment groups, while GSH and E2 levels increased. The findings showed that I/R causes ovarian damage through the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, MET application was effective in preventing damage in ovarian tissue by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species, proinflammatory cytokines, caspase-3 and NF-κβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Topcu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 53100, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Gulsah Balik
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Atak
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Avni Uydu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 53100, Rize, Turkey
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Zhang N, Sheng M, Wu M, Zhang X, Ding Y, Lin Y, Yu W, Wang S, Du H. Berberine protects steatotic donor undergoing liver transplantation via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated reticulophagy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1695-1704. [PMID: 31554427 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219878651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Steatotic livers are more susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion injury, and increase the risk of primary graft non-function after liver transplantation. The protective effects of berberine have been described in various liver pathological models. However, it is unknown if berberine exerts its beneficial action in steatotic donors undergoing liver transplantation. In the present study, male Wistar rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce moderate steatotic liver. Then orthotropic liver transplantation was constructed. Berberine (200 mg/kg/d) was given intragastrically one week before liver transplantation. Thapsigargin (TG) (0.2 mg/kg) was administrated intravenously 24 h before liver transplantation. Liver function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokine were detected by biochemical or histopathological analysis. The morphology of autophagosomes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of CHOP, BIP, the phosphorylation of PERK, LC3-II/I, Beclin-1, and p62 were determined by Western blot assay. The co-localization of endoplasmic reticulum marker (KDEL) and autophagic protein (LC3B) was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy. The level of reticulophagy hallmark (FAM134B) was determined by immunohistochemistry. Compared with HFD + LT group, berberine ameliorated hepatocellular damage, decreased the oxidative stress level and inflammatory cytokine release. Simultaneously, berberine inhibited the expression of both endoplasmic reticulum stress parameters and autophagy-related proteins. Additionally, the co-localization of endoplasmic reticulum marker and LC3B was also reduced in HFD + BBR + LT group. berberine down-regulated the level of FAM134B. TG reversed the beneficial effects of berberine. Our study revealed that berberine exerts protective effects on steatotic livers undergoing transplantation by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated reticulophagy. Impact statement Berberine is isolated from traditional Chinese medicine plants and has dramatically therapeutic potential against inflammation, diarrhea, and diabetes. But the benefits of BBR on steatotic grafts after liver transplantation remain poorly understood. Our findings might help explain the mechanism of berberine in protecting steatotic livers undergoing transplantation and give advantageous insights that berberine has potential as a suitable candidate for preventing hepatic injury after steatotic liver transplantation by inhibiting ER stress-mediated reticulophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingwei Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Man Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yijie Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuanbang Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongyin Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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Minocycline protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by upregulating MCPIP1 to inhibit NF-κB activation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1019-1028. [PMID: 30792486 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic and has been shown to play a protective role in cerebral and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated whether monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1), a negative regulator of inflammation, was involved in the minocycline-induced cardioprotection in myocardial I/R in vivo and in vitro models. Myocardial ischemia was induced in rats by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 1 h and followed by 48 h reperfusion. Minocycline was administered prior to ischemia (45 mg/kg, ip, BID, for 1 d) and over the course of reperfusion (22.5 mg/kg, ip, BID, for 2 d). Cardiac function and infarct sizes were assessed. Administration of minocycline significantly decreased the infarct size, alleviated myocardial cell damage, elevated left ventricle ejection fraction, and left ventricle fractional shortening following I/R injury along with significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in heart tissue. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reoxygenation (OGD/R). Pretreatment with minocycline (1-50 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the cell viability and inhibited OGD/R-induced expression of MCP-1 and IL-6. Furthermore, minocycline dose-dependently inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in H9c2 cells subjected to OGD/R. In both the in vivo and in vitro models, minocycline significantly increased MCPIP1 protein expression; knockdown of MCPIP1 with siRNA in H9c2 cells abolished all the protective effects of minocycline against OGD/R-induced injury. Our results demonstrate that minocycline alleviates myocardial I/R injury via upregulating MCPIP1, then subsequently inhibiting NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
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18
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Li S, Fujino M, Takahara T, Li XK. Protective role of heme oxygenase-1 in fatty liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Med Mol Morphol 2019; 52:61-72. [PMID: 30171344 PMCID: PMC6542780 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-018-0205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a kind of injury resulting from the restoration of the blood supply after blood vessel closure during liver transplantation and is the main cause of graft failure. The pathophysiological mechanisms of hepatic IR include a variety of oxidative stress responses. Hepatic IR is characterized by ischemia and hypoxia inducing oxidative stress, immune response and apoptosis. Fat-denatured livers are also used as donors due to the lack of liver donors. Fatty liver is less tolerant to IR than normal liver. Heme oxygenase (HO) is an enzyme that breaks down hemoglobin to bilirubin, ferrous iron and carbon monoxide (CO). Inducible HO subtype HO-1 is an important protective molecule in mammalian cells used to improve acute and chronic liver injury owing to its characteristic anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic qualities. HO-1 degrades heme, and its reaction product CO has been shown to reduce hepatic IR injury and increase the survival rate of grafts. As an induced form of HO, HO-1 also exerts a protective effect against liver IR injury and may be useful as a new strategy of ameliorating this kind of damage. This review summarizes the protective effects of HO-1 in liver IR injury, especially in fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Terumi Takahara
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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19
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Núñez K, Thevenot P, Alfadhli A, Cohen A. Complement Activation in Liver Transplantation: Role of Donor Macrosteatosis and Implications in Delayed Graft Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061750. [PMID: 29899265 PMCID: PMC6032339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system anchors the innate inflammatory response by triggering both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses against pathogens. The complement system also plays a critical role in sterile tissue injury by responding to damage-associated molecular patterns. The degree and duration of complement activation may be a critical variable controlling the balance between regenerative and destructive inflammation following sterile injury. Recent studies in kidney transplantation suggest that aberrant complement activation may play a significant role in delayed graft function following transplantation, confirming results obtained from rodent models of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Deactivating the complement cascade through targeting anaphylatoxins (C3a/C5a) might be an effective clinical strategy to dampen reperfusion injury and reduce delayed graft function in liver transplantation. Targeting the complement cascade may be critical in donor livers with mild to moderate steatosis, where elevated lipid burden amplifies stress responses and increases hepatocyte turnover. Steatosis-driven complement activation in the donor liver may also have implications in rejection and thrombolytic complications following transplantation. This review focuses on the roles of complement activation in liver I/R injury, strategies to target complement activation in liver I/R, and potential opportunities to translate these strategies to transplanting donor livers with mild to moderate steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Núñez
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
| | - Paul Thevenot
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
| | - Abeer Alfadhli
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
| | - Ari Cohen
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
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Chen X, Li X, Zhang W, He J, Xu B, Lei B, Wang Z, Cates C, Rousselle T, Li J. Activation of AMPK inhibits inflammatory response during hypoxia and reoxygenation through modulating JNK-mediated NF-κB pathway. Metabolism 2018; 83. [PMID: 29526538 PMCID: PMC5960613 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is a stress-activated kinase that protects against cardiomyocyte injury during ischemia and reperfusion. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a mitogen activated protein kinase, is activated by ischemia and reperfusion. NF-κB is an important transcription factor involved in ischemia and reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS The intrinsic activation of AMPK attenuates the inflammation which occurred during ischemia/reperfusion through the modulation of the JNK mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells were subjected to hypoxia and/or reoxygenation to investigate the signal transduction that occurred during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Mitochondrial function was measured by the Seahorse XF24 V7 PS system. Hypoxia treatment triggered AMPK activation in H9c2 cells in a time dependent manner. The inhibition of hypoxic AMPK activation through a pharmacological approach (Compound C) or siRNA knockdown of AMPK α catalytic subunits caused dramatic augmentation in JNK activation, inflammatory NF-κB phosphorylation, and apoptosis during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Inhibition of AMPK activation significantly impaired mitochondrial function and increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during hypoxia and reoxygenation. In contrast, pharmacological activation of AMPK by metformin significantly inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and ROS generation. Moreover, AMPK activation significantly attenuated the JNK-NF-κB signaling cascade and inhibited mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, during hyopoxia/reoxygenation in H9c2 cells. Intriguingly, both pharmacologic inhibition of JNK by JNK-IN-8 and siRNA knockdown of JNK signaling pathway attenuated NF-κB phosphorylation and apoptosis but did not affect AMPK activation in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation. CONCLUSIONS AMPK activation modulates JNK-NF-κB signaling cascade during hypoxia and reoxygenation stress conditions. Cardiac AMPK activation plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and inhibiting the inflammatory response caused by ischemic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Xuan Li
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Jie He
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Bin Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Courtney Cates
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Thomas Rousselle
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Ji Li
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
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21
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Jia C, Dai C, Wang H, Wan Y, Qiao Y, Xu F, Peng S, Zhao Y, Zhao C, Zhao L. Differential Effects of Three Techniques for Hepatic Vascular Exclusion during Resection for Liver Cirrhosis on Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:5309286. [PMID: 29507582 PMCID: PMC5817263 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5309286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious concern during hepatic vascular occlusion. The objectives of this study were to assess effects of three techniques for hepatic vascular occlusion on I/R injury and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Liver cirrhotic rats had undertaken Pringle maneuver (PR), hemihepatic vascular occlusion (HH), or hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control (WH). Levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), and hemeoxygenase 1 (HMOX1) were assayed. RESULTS The histopathologic analysis displayed that liver harm was more prominent in the PR group, but similar in the HH and WH groups. The HH and WH groups responded to hepatic I/R inflammation similarly but better than the PR group. Mechanical studies suggested that TNF-α/NF-κB signaling and TLR4/TRIF transduction pathways were associated with the differential effects. In addition, the HH and WH groups had significantly higher levels of hepatic HMOX1 (P < 0.05) than the PR group. CONCLUSIONS HH and WH confer better preservation of liver function and protection than the Pringle maneuver in combating I/R injury. Upregulation of HMOX1 may lead to better protection and clinical outcomes after liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, China
| | - Yunyu Qiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
- Department of Anal Disease, Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Chuang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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22
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Oliva J. Proteasome and Organs Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010106. [PMID: 29301204 PMCID: PMC5796056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of organ failure on patients requires the transplantation of functional organs, from donors. Over time, the methodology of transplantation was improved by the development of organ preservation solutions. The storage of organs in preservation solutions is followed by the ischemia of the organ, resulting in a shortage of oxygen and nutrients, which damage the tissues. When the organ is ready for the transplantation, the reperfusion of the organ induces an increase of the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation which causes tissue damage, resulting in a decrease of the transplantation success. However, the addition of proteasome inhibitor in the preservation solution alleviated the injuries due to the ischemia-reperfusion process. The proteasome is a protein structure involved in the regulation the inflammation and the clearance of damaged proteins. The goal of this review is to summarize the role of the proteasome and pharmacological compounds that regulate the proteasome in protecting the organs from the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Oliva
- Department of Medicine, LA BioMed at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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Biochemical targets of drugs mitigating oxidative stress via redox-independent mechanisms. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:1225-1252. [PMID: 29101309 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute or chronic oxidative stress plays an important role in many pathologies. Two opposite approaches are typically used to prevent the damage induced by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), namely treatment either with antioxidants or with weak oxidants that up-regulate endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. This review discusses options for the third pharmacological approach, namely amelioration of oxidative stress by 'redox-inert' compounds, which do not inactivate RONS but either inhibit the basic mechanisms leading to their formation (i.e. inflammation) or help cells to cope with their toxic action. The present study describes biochemical targets of many drugs mitigating acute oxidative stress in animal models of ischemia-reperfusion injury or N-acetyl-p-aminophenol overdose. In addition to the pro-inflammatory molecules, the targets of mitigating drugs include protein kinases and transcription factors involved in regulation of energy metabolism and cell life/death balance, proteins regulating mitochondrial permeability transition, proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response, nuclear receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and isoprenoid synthesis. The data may help in identification of oxidative stress mitigators that will be effective in human disease on top of the current standard of care.
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Zeng C, Hu X, He W, Wang Y, Li L, Xiong Y, Ye Q. Hypothermic machine perfusion ameliorates inflammation during ischemia‑reperfusion injury via sirtuin‑1‑mediated deacetylation of nuclear factor‑κB p65 in rat livers donated after circulatory death. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8649-8656. [PMID: 29039506 PMCID: PMC5779933 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) effectively reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in livers donated after circulatory death (DCD) when compared with cold storage (CS). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the cellular mechanisms by which HMP ameliorates the inflammatory response during IRI. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rat livers were exposed to 30 min of warm ischemia following cardiac arrest and preserved by CS or HMP for 3 h (n=3 per group). The severity of IRI was assessed in vitro on normothermic reperfusion for 2 h, and intrahepatic resistance (IHR) and bile production were subsequently recorded. The perfusate was analyzed for transaminase leakage and oxygen consumption. Livers were subsequently subjected to histological examination, and measurement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ levels and the ratio of NAD+/NADH. In addition, the protein expression of sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), acetylated-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p65 was detected by western blotting, and the mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Compared with CS, HMP resulted in significantly lower IHR, transaminase leakage and MDA levels, and higher oxygen consumption, ATP levels and SOD activity. In addition, improved preservation of hepatic histology was observed in HMP compared with CS. The mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly decreased in the HMP group compared with CS samples. Under HMP preservation, SIRT-1 activity and protein expression were increased, while the protein expression of acetylated-NF-κB p65 was decreased, compared with CS. These results indicate that HMP may reduce the inflammatory response during IRI via SIRT-1-mediated deacetylation of NF-κB p65. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of HMP as an effective strategy to preserve DCD livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Weiyang He
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Febuxostat Modulates MAPK/NF- κBp65/TNF- α Signaling in Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8095825. [PMID: 29138678 PMCID: PMC5613710 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8095825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase have been implicated in producing myocardial damage following reperfusion of an occluded coronary artery. We investigated and compared the effect of febuxostat and allopurinol in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury with a focus on the signaling pathways involved. Male Wistar rats were orally administered vehicle (CMC) once daily (sham and IR + control), febuxostat (10 mg/kg/day; FEB10 + IR), or allopurinol (100 mg/kg/day; ALL100 + IR) for 14 days. On the 15th day, the IR-control and treatment groups were subjected to one-stage left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation for 45 minutes followed by a 60-minute reperfusion. Febuxostat and allopurinol pretreatment significantly improved cardiac function and maintained morphological alterations. They also attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of proapoptotic proteins (Bax and caspase-3), reducing TUNEL-positive cells, and increasing the level of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). The MAPK-based molecular mechanism revealed suppression of active JNK and p38 proteins concomitant with the rise in ERK1/ERK2, a prosurvival kinase. Additionally, a reduction in the level of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB) was also observed. The changes observed with febuxostat were remarkable in comparison with those observed with allopurinol. Febuxostat protects relatively better against IR injury than allopurinol by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis mediating the MAPK/NF-κBp65/TNF-α pathway.
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Yang K, Li WF, Yu JF, Yi C, Huang WF. Diosmetin protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in mice. J Surg Res 2017. [PMID: 28624062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury remains to be a troublesome condition in clinical practice. Although the exact molecular mechanisms underlying renal I/R injury are incompletely understood, the deleterious progress of renal I/R injury involves inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Diosmetin is a member of the flavonoid glycosides family, which suppresses the inflammatory response and cellular apoptosis and enhances antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of diosmetin on I/R-induced renal injury in mice. METHODS Thirty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups. Four groups of mice received diosmetin (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) or vehicle (I/R group) before ischemia. Another group received vehicle without ischemia to serve as a negative control (sham-operated group). Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, serum and renal tissues were harvested to evaluate renal function and histopathologic features. In addition, the expression of inflammation-related proteins, apoptotic molecules, and antioxidant enzymes was analyzed. RESULTS Compared with sham mice, the I/R group significantly exacerbated renal function and renal tube architecture and increased the inflammatory response and renal tubule apoptosis. Nevertheless, pretreatment with diosmetin reversed these changes. In addition, diosmetin treatment resulted in a marked increase in antioxidant protein expression compared with I/R mice. CONCLUSIONS The renoprotective effects of diosmetin involved suppression of the nuclear factor-κB and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, as well as activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Diosmetin has significant potential as a therapeutic intervention to ameliorate renal injury after renal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Fang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Feng Yu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Feng Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
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Suchal K, Malik S, Khan SI, Malhotra RK, Goyal SN, Bhatia J, Kumari S, Ojha S, Arya DS. Protective effect of mangiferin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: role of AGE-RAGE/MAPK pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42027. [PMID: 28181586 PMCID: PMC5299420 DOI: 10.1038/srep42027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induced advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE) activation is thought to involve in the development of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. Activation of AGE-RAGE axis results in the oxidative stress and inflammation. Mangiferin is found in the bark of mango tree and is known to treat diseases owing to its various biological activities. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of mangiferin in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats. A single injection of STZ (70 mg/kg; i.p.) was injected to male albino Wistar rats to induce diabetes. After confirmation of diabetes, rats were administered vehicle (2 ml/kg; i.p.) and mangiferin (40 mg/kg; i.p.) for 28 days. On 28th day, left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 45 min and then reperfused for 60 min. Mangiferin treatment significantly improved cardiac function, restored antioxidant status, reduced inflammation, apoptosis and maintained myocardial architecture. Furthermore, mangiferin significantly inhibited the activation of AGE-RAGE axis, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 and increased the expression of extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the myocardium. Thus, mangiferin attenuated IR injury in diabetic rats by modulation of AGE-RAGE/MAPK pathways which further prevented oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Salma Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Sana Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Malhotra
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra-425405, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Santosh Kumari
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
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Liu X, Yu Z, Huang X, Gao Y, Wang X, Gu J, Xue S. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) mediates the protective effect of quercetin against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:5169-5186. [PMID: 28077993 PMCID: PMC5209473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin plays an important role in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the underlying mechanism for the protective effect of quercetin is largely unclear. In this study, we explored the protected effects of quercetin against myocardial IRI and its molecular mechanisms. Quercetin, GW9962 (PPARγ antagonist) or PPARγ-siRNA was administered alone or in combination prior to myocardial IRI in mice or to hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) treatment in H9C2 cells. Infarct size was evaluated by TTC staining after reperfusion. Myocardial injury was assessed by the serum levels of AST, CK-MB, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and LDH. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. Oxidative stress injury was evaluated by analyses of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), MDA, SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels and by reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. Myocardium apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining, cleaved caspase-3 and Annexin V/PI detection. Moreover, activation of the NF-κB pathway was reflected by phosphorylation of IκB (p-IκB) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. We reported that pretreatment of quercetin significantly improved cardiac function, diminished myocardial injury and reduced the infarct size. Myocardium oxidative damage and apoptosis were remarkably improved by quercetin treatment in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin also suppressed the activation of the NF-κB pathway induced by myocardial IRI. GW9662 or PPARγ knockdown partially attenuated these cardioprotective effects of quercetin during myocardial IRI. In conclusion, our findings suggest that quercetin ameliorated IRI-induced heart damage via PPARγ activation and the underlying mechanism might involve the inhibition of NF-κB pathway by PPARγ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhangjie Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 280 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiuzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 280 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianmin Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Since the metabolic syndrome (MS) and pathologies associated with/resulting from metabolic dysregulations became a worldwide spreading and growing problem, the mechanisms mediating the according cellular changes got into a focus of interest. The ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS) is the main regulator of both the functional and dysfunctional protein pool of (not only) mammalian cells-thus, it is obvious that an impact on this system may also affect cellular functionality that directly depends on permanent regulation/adaption of the cell's proteostasis. However, the according research is still at the beginning. Recent Advances: It was also recently shown that maintaining a highly functional UPS positively correlates with increased health or even life span, thus modulation or restoration of UPS function may be an effective approach alleviating or even preventing MS detrimental consequences. CRITICAL ISSUES Even if many consequences of metabolic dysregulation such as a slight but chronic redox shift to a more oxidative state (i.e., a low-grade systemic inflammation that increases reactive oxygen species formation, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, formation of advanced glycation end products, glycosylation, S-glutathionylation, redox shifts, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response, expression of transcription factors, and release of cytokines) are already known to affect the highly redox-regulated UPS, experimental data about UPS changes that are directly mediated by glucotoxic and/or lipotoxic stress are still rarely published. FUTURE DIRECTIONS It may be taken into account that many MS-related pathologic changes result from UPS dysfunction or dysregulation. In this review, the main interface between MS effects and their impact on the UPS are highlighted since they may direct to new therapeutic approaches. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 902-917.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- 1 Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE) , Nuthetal, Germany .,2 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jeannette König
- 1 Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE) , Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- 1 Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE) , Nuthetal, Germany
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Yu H, Shi L, Qi G, Zhao S, Gao Y, Li Y. Gypenoside Protects Cardiomyocytes against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the Inhibition of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Mediated Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:148. [PMID: 27313532 PMCID: PMC4887463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gypenoside (GP) is the major effective component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and has been shown to encompass a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated whether GP is able to protect cardiomyocytes against injury myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cell model and in vivo myocardial I/R rat model. We found that GP pre-treatment alleviated the impairments on the cardiac structure and function in I/R injured rats. Moreover, pre-treatment with GP significantly inhibited IκB-α phosphorylation and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 subunit translocation into nuclei. GP and the MAPK pathway inhibitors also reduced the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 in vitro. Specific inhibition of ERK, JNK, and p38 increased the cell viability of OGD/R injured cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated that GP protects cardiomyocytes against I/R injury by inhibiting NF-κB p65 activation via the MAPK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that GP may be a promising agent for the prevention or treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Liye Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Yuzhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
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Folch-Puy E, Panisello A, Oliva J, Lopez A, Castro Benítez C, Adam R, Roselló-Catafau J. Relevance of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Cell Signaling in Liver Cold Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:807. [PMID: 27231901 PMCID: PMC4926341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in calcium homeostasis, protein folding and lipid biosynthesis. Perturbations in its normal functions lead to a condition called endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). This can be triggered by many physiopathological conditions such as alcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance or ischemia-reperfusion injury. The cell reacts to ERS by initiating a defensive process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), which comprises cellular mechanisms for adaptation and the safeguarding of cell survival or, in cases of excessively severe stress, for the initiation of the cell death program. Recent experimental data suggest the involvement of ERS in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of the liver graft, which has been considered as one of major problems influencing outcome after liver transplantation. The purpose of this review is to summarize updated data on the molecular mechanisms of ERS/UPR and the consequences of this pathology, focusing specifically on solid organ preservation and liver transplantation models. We will also discuss the potential role of ERS, beyond the simple adaptive response and the regulation of cell death, in the modification of cell functional properties and phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Folch-Puy
- Experimental Pathology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Spanish Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Rosselló 161, 08036-Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Arnau Panisello
- Experimental Pathology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Spanish Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Rosselló 161, 08036-Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Joan Oliva
- Department of Medicine, LaBioMed at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502 CA, USA.
| | - Alexandre Lopez
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Inserm U935, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, 75008 Paris, France.
| | - Carlos Castro Benítez
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Inserm U935, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, 75008 Paris, France.
| | - René Adam
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Inserm U935, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, 75008 Paris, France.
| | - Joan Roselló-Catafau
- Experimental Pathology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Spanish Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Rosselló 161, 08036-Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Kaempferol Attenuates Myocardial Ischemic Injury via Inhibition of MAPK Signaling Pathway in Experimental Model of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:7580731. [PMID: 27087891 PMCID: PMC4819110 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7580731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Kaempferol (KMP), a dietary flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Hence, we investigated the effect of KMP in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model of myocardial injury in rats. We studied male albino Wistar rats that were divided into sham, IR-control, KMP-20 + IR, and KMP 20 per se groups. KMP (20 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered daily to rats for the period of 15 days, and, on the 15th day, ischemia was produced by one-stage ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min. After completion of surgery, rats were sacrificed; heart was removed and processed for biochemical, morphological, and molecular studies. KMP pretreatment significantly ameliorated IR injury by maintaining cardiac function, normalizing oxidative stress, and preserving morphological alterations. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the level of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and NFκB), inhibition of active JNK and p38 proteins, and activation of ERK1/ERK2, a prosurvival kinase. Additionally, it also attenuated apoptosis by reducing the expression of proapoptotic proteins (Bax and Caspase-3), TUNEL positive cells, and increased level of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). In conclusion, KMP protected against IR injury by attenuating inflammation and apoptosis through the modulation of MAPK pathway.
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Gu XQ, Zheng WP, Teng DH, Sun JS, Zheng H. Impact of non-oncological factors on tumor recurrence after liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2749-2759. [PMID: 26973413 PMCID: PMC4777997 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i9.2749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary neoplasm of the liver and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Liver transplantation (LT) has become one of the best curative therapeutic options for patients with HCC, although tumor recurrence after LT is a major and unaddressed cause of mortality. Furthermore, the factors that are associated with recurrence are not fully understood, and most previous studies have focused on the biological properties of HCC, such as the number and size of the HCC nodules, the degree of differentiation, the presence of hepatic vascular invasion, elevated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein, and the tumor stage outside of the Milan criteria. Thus, little attention has been given to factors that are not directly related to HCC (i.e., “non-oncological factors”), which have emerged as predictors of tumor recurrence. This review was performed to assess the effects of non-oncological factors on tumor recurrence after LT. The identification of these factors may provide new research directions and clinical strategies for the prophylaxis and surveillance of tumor recurrence after LT, which can help reduce recurrence and improve patient survival.
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Chaves J, Neto F, Ikejiri A, Bertoletto P, Teruya R, Santos Simões R, Tikazawa E, Liu J, Carrara F, Taha M, Fagundes D. Period of Hyperbaric Oxygen Delivery Leads to Different Degrees of Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:516-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tao YE, Wen Z, Song Y, Wang H. Paeoniflorin attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:263-268. [PMID: 26889252 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During liver surgery, hepatic blood flow needs to be blocked in order to reduce bleeding, which inevitably results in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HI/R). Paeoniflorin (PF) is the main active ingredient of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine peony, which has been shown to exert anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. In the present study, a mouse model of HI/R was generated by clamping the hepatoportal vein, hepatic artery, and hepatic duct of BALB/c mice with a vascular clamp for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 6 h under anesthesia. Six mice in the three PF treatment groups (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) were then injected with PF, via the tail vein. A sham group, consisting of six mice that did not undergo the procedure, and a vehicle group, consisting of 6 mice that underwent the procedure but subsequently received injections of physiological saline only, were used as controls. Liver injury was indicated by serum levels of the enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). The activities of oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were also measured. Furthermore, the activity of caspase-3 was analyzed in hepatic tissue using a commercial kit. Treatment with PF significantly attenuated HI/R injury histologically, as compared with the vehicle group. In addition, significant reductions in the serum levels of ALT and AST were observed in the PF-treated ischemic mice. Furthermore, treatment with PF enhanced the activities of hepatic tissue SOD, GSH and GSH-PX, but decreased the MDA content. Treatment of ischemic mice with PF markedly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β, and decreased the HI/R injury-induced expression of caspase-3. The results of the present study suggest that PF attenuates the HI/R injury of mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Tao
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Yingqian Song
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Bejaoui M, Pantazi E, De Luca V, Panisello A, Folch-Puy E, Serafin A, Capasso C, C. T. S, Rosselló-Catafau J. Acetazolamide Protects Steatotic Liver Grafts against Cold Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 355:191-198. [PMID: 26330538 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.225177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
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Pellom ST, Dudimah DF, Thounaojam MC, Sayers TJ, Shanker A. Modulatory effects of bortezomib on host immune cell functions. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:1011-22. [PMID: 26325610 PMCID: PMC4648628 DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bortezomib is an inhibitor of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway responsible for intracellular protein turnover. Cellular proteins controlled by this pathway represent a diverse group of potential therapeutic targets, particularly in cancer cells, which exploit this proteasomal pathway to promote their growth and diminish apoptosis. Along with inhibiting the proteasome and thus sensitizing tumor cells to apoptosis, bortezomib may also have multiple effects on the host immune responses. This review summarizes the effects that bortezomib may play on immune cell subsets in various disease states in modifying lymphocyte receptors, ligands, the expression of various cytokines and chemokines and their downstream signaling. We also propose steps that can be taken to refine combinatorial strategies that include bortezomib to improve current immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Troy Pellom
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- School of Graduate Studies & Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Duafalia Fred Dudimah
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Menaka Chanu Thounaojam
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Thomas Joseph Sayers
- Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Basic Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Anil Shanker
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- School of Graduate Studies & Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Host–Tumor Interactions Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Chen C, Du P, Wang J. Paeoniflorin ameliorates acute myocardial infarction of rats by inhibiting inflammation and inducible nitric oxide synthase signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3937-3943. [PMID: 26035555 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) is the main active component of the commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine peony, Paeonia Suffruticosa. PF has diverse biological functions and exhibits anti‑oxidative, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic activity. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a catalyzing enzyme that is involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). NO has an important regulatory role in the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems. PF has previously been demonstrated to inhibit the gene expression of iNOS. The present study aimed to identify a potentially novel cytoprotective function of PF, and to elucidate its effects against myocardial ischemic damage in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). PF was able to significantly decrease the myocardial infarct size as well as the activities of creatine kinase (CK), the MB isoenzyme of CK, lactate dehydrogenase and cardiac troponin T. In addition, in the PF‑treated groups, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and nuclear factor‑κB were markedly inhibited. Furthermore, treatment with PF inhibited the activities and protein expression levels of iNOS. Decreased caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 activities were also observed in the AMI rat model treated with various doses of PF. The results of the present study indicated that the cardioprotective effects of PF may be associated with the inhibition of inflammation and iNOS signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Ping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Caldeira DEDS, Silveira MRGD, Margarido MRRA, Vanni JC, Feres O, Silva OCE. Effect of hyperbaric hepatic hyperoxia on the liver of rats submitted to intermittent ischemia/reperfusion injury. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 29 Suppl 1:24-8. [PMID: 25185052 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014001300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of hyperbaric hyperoxia as hepatic preconditioning on hepatocellular integrity in rats submitted to intermittent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (SHAM, I/R, HBO-I/R and CONTROL). The surgical technique consisted of total clamping of the hepatic pedicle for 15 min, followed by reperfusion for 5 min, performed twice. The application of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) was carried out in a collective chamber (simultaneous exposure of 4 rats) pressurized directly with oxygen at 2 ATA for 60 min. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined and blood samples were collected for the determination of serum AST and ALT levels. Data were analyzed statistically by the Mann-Whitney test, with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in MDA (p< 0.05) was observed between control and HBO-I/R, but not between control and I/R. Regarding AST, there was a difference between control and I/R and HBO-I/R. Analysis of ALT revealed a significant difference between control and I/R (p<0.05) and between I/R and HBO-I/R, with no difference between control and HBO-IR. CONCLUSION Hyperoxic preconditioning proved to be favorable regarding alanine transaminase, but not aspartate aminotranserase or malondialdehyde levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Carlos Vanni
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
| | - Omar Feres
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
| | - Orlando Castro E Silva
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
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Ma L, Liu H, Xie Z, Yang S, Xu W, Hou J, Yu B. Ginsenoside Rb3 protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia-reperfusion injury via the inhibition of JNK-mediated NF-κB pathway: a mouse cardiomyocyte model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103628. [PMID: 25084093 PMCID: PMC4118887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb3 is extracted from the plant Panax ginseng and plays important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. NF-κB is an important transcription factor involved in I/R injury. However, the underlying mechanism of ginsenoside Rb3 in myocardial I/R injury remains poorly understood. In the current study, a model of myocardial I/R injury was induced via oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reperfusion (OGD-Rep) in mouse cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells. Our data demonstrate that ginsenoside Rb3 suppresses OGD-Rep-induced cell apoptosis by the suppression of ROS generation. By detecting the NF-κB signaling pathway, we discover that the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on the OGD-Rep injury is closely related to the inhibition of NF-κB activity. Ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits the upregulation of phospho-IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunit p65 which are induced by ORD-Rep injury. In addition, the extract also inhibits the OGD-Rep-induced increase in the expression of inflammation-related factors, such as IL-6, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), MMP-2 and MMP-9. However, LPS treatment alleviates the protective roles of ginsenoside Rb3 and activates the NF-κB pathway. Finally, the upstream factors of NF-κB were analyzed, including the Akt/Foxo3a and MAPK signaling pathways. We find that ginsenoside Rb3 pretreatment only decreases the phosphorylation of JNK induced by OGD-Rep injury, an indicator of the MAPK pathway. Importantly, an inhibitor of phospho-JNK, SP600125, protects against OGD-Rep induced apoptosis and inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway, similar to the roles of ginsenoside Rb3. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on the OGD-Rep injury is attributed to the inhibition of JNK-mediated NF-κB activation, suggesting that ginsenoside Rb3 has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic agent for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zulong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingbo Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Tiriveedhi V, Upadhya GA, Busch RA, Gunter KL, Dines JN, Knolhoff BL, Jia J, Sarma NJ, Ramachandran S, Anderson CD, Mohanakumar T, Chapman WC. Protective role of bortezomib in steatotic liver ischemia/reperfusion injury through abrogation of MMP activation and YKL-40 expression. Transpl Immunol 2014; 30:93-8. [PMID: 24380732 PMCID: PMC9814016 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Steatotic liver grafts tolerate ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury poorly, contributing to poor survival following transplantation. However the molecular mechanisms leading to I/R injury still remain to be defined. We have previously reported that the protective effect of bortezomib towards inhibiting cold induced I/R injury in obese rat liver transplant model is through NF-κB down modulation. In this report using an orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) model in Zucker rats (from obese, leptin deficient donor, to lean recipient) we defined the mechanisms of steatotic liver injury, and characterized the role of bortezomib in inhibiting MMP activation and YKL-40, both of which are involved in extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis, the key pathological features of liver allograft failure. Obese donor rats were treated with bortezomib (i.v., 0.1mg/kg immediately prior to liver procurement) to assess the role of MMP and YKL-40 in steatotic liver I/R injury. I/R injury in steatotic livers resulted in significant increases in expression of YKL-40 (9 fold), and activation of MMP-2 (15 fold)/MMP-9 (12 fold). Bortezomib treatment reduced the expression of YKL-40 and MMP to basal levels. Bortezomib also inhibited the pro-fibrotic (VEGF, HGF, bFGF, TGF-β) and pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) cytokines significantly in comparison to untreated animals with I/R injury. These results demonstrate that I/R injury in steatotic livers following transplantation are associated with MMP activation and YKL-40 upregulation resulting in pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Administration of the proteosomal inhibitor, bortezomib, effectively attenuated the I/R injury by inhibiting MMP and YKL-40 expression and therefore support the clinical utility of this drug in donor management for preventing I/R injury and its sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States,Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States,Correspondence to: V. Tiriveedhi, Tennessee State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209. (V. Tiriveedhi)
| | - Gundumi A. Upadhya
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Busch
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kristen L. Gunter
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jeff N. Dines
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bret L. Knolhoff
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jianluo Jia
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Nayan J. Sarma
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sabarinathan Ramachandran
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - Thallachallour Mohanakumar
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States
| | - William C. Chapman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, ST Louis, MO, United States,Correspondence to: W. C. Chapman, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Queeny Tower-6107, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St Louis MO 63110. Tel.: + 1 314 362 7792; fax: +1 314 361 4197. (W.C. Chapman)
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Losada D, Jordani M, Jordani M, Piccinato M, Fina C, Feres O, Chies A, Evora P, de Castro e Silva O. Should Preconditioning Hyperbaric Oxygenation Protect the Liver Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury? An Experimental Study in a Rat Model. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:56-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Losada DM, Chies AB, Feres O, Chaib E, D'Albuquerque LAC, Castro-e-Silva O. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as hepatic preconditioning in rats submitted to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29 Suppl 2:61-6. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8650201400140012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bejaoui M, Zaouali MA, Folch-Puy E, Pantazi E, Bardag-Gorce F, Carbonell T, Oliva J, Rimola A, Abdennebi HB, Roselló-Catafau J. Bortezomib enhances fatty liver preservation in Institut George Lopez-1 solution through adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase and Akt/mTOR pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 66:62-72. [PMID: 24127984 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the protective mechanisms induced by bortezomib added to Institut George Lopez (IGL)-1 preservation solution to protect steatotic livers against cold ischaemia reperfusion injury and to examine whether these mechanisms occur through the activation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt/mTOR pathways. METHODS Steatotic livers from obese rats were preserved for 24 h (at 4 °C) in IGL-1 solution with or without bortezomib (100 nM) or pretreated with AMPK inhibitor adenine 9-α-D-arabinofuranoside and preserved in IGL-1 + bortezomib. Livers were then perfused for 2 h at 37 °C. Liver injury (alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase) and function (bile production and vascular resistance) were measured. Also, Akt/mTOR, phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK) and apoptosis were determined by Western blot analyses. KEY FINDINGS Bortezomib addition to IGL-1 solution significantly reduced steatotic liver injury, improved graft function and decreased liver apoptosis. These benefits were diminished by the pretreatment of obese rats with AMPK inhibitor Ara. Western blot analyses showed a significant increase in pAMPK after ischaemia and reperfusion. We also observed a significant phosphorylation of Akt in IGL-1 +bortezomib group that, in turn, induced the phosphorylation of mTOR and glycogen synthase kinase 3β. CONCLUSIONS Bortezomib, at low and non toxic concentration, is a promising additive to IGL-1 solution for steatotic liver preservation. Its protective effect is due to the activation of AMPK and Akt/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bejaoui
- Experimental Pathology Department, IIBB-CSIC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Liu Q, Izamis ML, Xu H, Berendsen T, Yarmush M, Uygun K. Strategies to rescue steatotic livers before transplantation in clinical and experimental studies. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:4638-4650. [PMID: 23922462 PMCID: PMC3732837 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i29.4638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of donor livers has led to an increased use of organs from expanded criteria donors. Included are livers with steatosis, a metabolic abnormality that increases the likelihood of graft complications post-transplantation. After a brief introduction on the etiology, pathophysiology, categories and experimental models of hepatic steatosis, we herein review the methods to rescue steatotic donor livers before transplantation applied in clinical and experimental studies. The methods span the spectrum of encouraging donor weight loss, employing drug therapy, heat shock preconditioning, ischemia preconditioning and selective anesthesia on donors, and the treatment on isolated grafts during preservation. These methods work at different stages of transplantation process, although share similar molecular mechanisms including lipid metabolism stimulation through enzymes or nuclear receptor e.g., peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor, or anti-inflammation through suppressing cytokines e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, or antioxidant therapies to alleviate oxidative stress. This similarity of molecular mechanisms implies possible future attempts to reinforce each approach by repeating the same treatment approach at several stages of procurement and preservation, as well as utilizing these alternative approaches in tandem.
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46
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Losada DM, Souza MEJD, Jordani MC, Picinato MANC, Fina CF, Feres O, Michelone PRT, Silva ODCE. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and ischemia and reperfusion: a valuable association to attenuate ischemic lesion and hepatic reperfusion. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 28:126-30. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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