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Esmaeili A, Eteghadi A, Landi FS, Yavari SF, Taghipour N. Recent approaches in regenerative medicine in the fight against neurodegenerative disease. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148688. [PMID: 38042394 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases arise due to slow and gradual loss of structure and/or function of neurons and glial cells and cause different degrees of loss of cognition abilities and sensation. The little success in developing effective treatments imposes a high and regressive economic impact on society, patients and their families. In recent years, regenerative medicine has provided a great opportunity to research new innovative strategies with strong potential to treatleva these diseases. These effects are due to the ability of suitable cells and biomaterials to regenerate damaged nerves with differentiated cells, creating an appropriate environment for recovering or preserving existing healthy neurons and glial cells from destruction and damage. Ultimately, a better understanding and thus a further investigation of stem cell technology, tissue engineering, gene therapy, and exosomes allows progress towards practical and effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this review, advances currently being developed in regenerative medicine using animal models and human clinical trials in neurological disorders are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Esmaeili
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eteghadi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Saeedi Landi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadnaz Fakhteh Yavari
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Nguyen Thi YV, Ngo AD, Chu DT, Lin SC, Wu CC. RNA therapeutics for regenerative medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 204:163-176. [PMID: 38458737 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
It is estimated that millions of people around the world experience various types of tissue injuries every year. Regenerative medicine was born and developed for understanding and application with the aim of replacing affected organs or some cells. The research, manufacture, production, and distribution of RNA in cells have acted as a basic foundation for the development and testing of therapies and treatments that are widely applied in different fields of medicine. Vaccines against COVID-19 are considered one of the brilliant and outstanding successes of RNA therapeutics research. With the characteristics of bio-derived RNA therapeutics, the mechanism of rapid implementation, safe production, and flexibility to create proteins depending on actual requirements. Based on the advantages above in this review, we discuss RNA therapeutics for regenerative medicine, and the types of RNA therapies currently being used for regenerative medicine. The relationship between disease and regenerative medicine is currently being studied or tested in RNA therapeutics. We have also covered the mechanisms of action of RNA therapy for regenerative medicine and some of the limitations in our current understanding of the effects of RNA therapy in this area. Additionally, we have also covered developing RNA therapeutics for regenerative medicine, focusing on RNA therapeutics for regenerative medicine. As a final point, we discuss potential applications for therapeutics for regenerative medicine in the future, as well as their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Vy Nguyen Thi
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Dao Ngo
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Che Lin
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Castillo Ordoñez WO, Aristizabal-Pachon AF, Alves LB, Giuliatti S. Epigenetic regulation exerted by Caliphruria subedentata and galantamine: an in vitro and in silico approach for mimic Alzheimer's disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 42:11215-11230. [PMID: 37814967 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2261034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
At the interface between genes and environment, epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modification, regulate neurogenic processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of neural stem cells. However, these mechanisms are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition that mainly affects older adults. Since epigenetic mechanisms are known to be reversible, a number of molecules from natural sources are being studied as epigenetic regulators in AD. Recently, in vitro and in silico studies have shown that C. subedentata and its alkaloids modulated neurotoxicity. However, studies exploring the epigenetic activity of these alkaloids are limited. We conducted a set of bioassays to evaluate neuronal differentiation and the sensitivity of undifferentiated SH-SY5 cells against a neurotoxic stimulus. In addition, we analyzed the methylation profiles in genes such as APP, PSI, and BACE1 due to their role in amyloid processing. Docking and molecular dynamic analysis were used to explore the effect exerted by C. subedentata alkaloids on the regulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC7). The results demonstrated that C. subedentata and galantamine induce neuronal differentiation and protect the undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced neurotoxicity. The methylation profiles of the studied genes show no statistically significant differences between C. subedentata, galantamine. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, since small changes in methylation promoters in the brain could not be easily detected. Results from in silico approaches describe for the first time the potential promissing epigenetic effects of galantamine by regulating HDAC3 and HDAC7 modification.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Orlando Castillo Ordoñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Andrés F Aristizabal-Pachon
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Levy Bueno Alves
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Brazil
| | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Brazil
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Chen C, Tang X, Lan Z, Chen W, Su H, Li W, Li Y, Zhou X, Gao H, Feng X, Guo Y, Yao M, Deng W. GABAergic signaling abnormalities in a novel CLU mutation Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Transl Res 2023; 260:32-45. [PMID: 37211336 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The CLU rs11136000C mutation (CLUC) is the third most common risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism by which CLUC leads to abnormal GABAergic signaling in AD is unclear. To address this question, this study establishes the first chimeric mouse model of CLUC AD. Examination of grafted CLUC medial ganglionic eminence progenitors (CLUC hiMGEs) revealed increased GAD65/67 and a high frequency of spontaneous releasing events. CLUC hiMGEs also impaired cognition in chimeric mice and caused AD-related pathologies. The expression of GABA A receptor, subunit alpha 2 (Gabrα2) was higher in chimeric mice. Interestingly, cognitive impairment in chimeric mice was reversed by treatment with pentylenetetrazole, which is a GABA A receptor inhibitor. Taken together, these findings shed light on the pathogenesis of CLUC AD using a novel humanized animal model and suggest sphingolipid signaling over-activation as a potential mechanism of GABAergic signaling disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China; Department of pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Xihe Tang
- Department of neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China; Department of neurosurgery, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Lan
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Bio-X Institutes, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Bio-X Institutes, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Ying Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China.
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Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of the anti-Alzheimer's disease effect and mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yu C, Yao F, Li J. Rational design of injectable conducting polymer-based hydrogels for tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:4-21. [PMID: 33894350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, injectable conducting polymer-based hydrogels (CPHs) have received increasing attention in tissue engineering owing to their controlled conductivity and minimally invasive procedures. Conducting polymers (CPs) are introduced into hydrogels to improve the electrical integration between hydrogels and host tissues and promote the repair of damaged tissues. Furthermore, endowing CPHs with in situ gelation or shear-thinning properties can reduce the injury size and inflammation caused by implanted surgery materials, which approaches the clinical transformation target of conductive biomaterials. Notably, functional CPs, including hydrophilic CP complexes, side-chain modified CPs, and conducting graft polymers, improve the water-dispersible and biocompatible properties of CPs and exhibit significant advantages in fabricating injectable CPHs under physiological conditions. This review discusses the recent progress in designing injectable hydrogels based on functional CPs. Their potential applications in neurological treatment, myocardial repair, and skeletal muscle regeneration are further highlighted. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Conducting polymer-based hydrogels (CPHs) have broad application prospects in the biomedical field. However, the low water dispersibility and processability of conducting polymers (CPs) make them challenging to form injectable CPHs uniformly. For the first time, this review summarizes the functionalization strategies to improve the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of CPs, which provides unprecedented advantages for designing and fabricating the physical/chemical crosslinked injectable CPHs. Besides, future challenges and prospects for further clinical transformation of injectable CPHs for tissue engineering are presented. This review's content is of great significance for the treatment of electroactive tissues with limited self-regeneration, including neurological treatment, myocardial repair, and skeletal muscle regeneration. Therefore, it is inspiring for the tissue engineering research of biomaterials and medical practitioners.
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Rhinacanthus nasutus "Tea" Infusions and the Medicinal Benefits of the Constituent Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123776. [PMID: 33317106 PMCID: PMC7763345 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) (Rn) is an herbaceous shrub native to Thailand and much of South and Southeast Asia. It has several synonyms and local or common names. The root of Rn is used in Thai traditional medicine to treat snake bites, and the roots and/or leaves can be made into a balm and applied to the skin for the treatment of skin infections such as ringworm, or they may be brewed to form an infusion for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Rn leaves are available to the public for purchase in the form of “tea bags” as a natural herbal remedy for a long list of disorders, including diabetes, skin diseases (antifungal, ringworm, eczema, scurf, herpes), gastritis, raised blood pressure, improved blood circulation, early-stage tuberculosis antitumor activity, and as an antipyretic. There have been many studies investigating the roles of Rn or compounds isolated from the herb regarding diseases such as Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes and infection with bacteria, fungi or viruses. There have, however, been no clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of Rn in the treatment of any of these disorders, and the safety of these teas over long periods of consumption has never been tested. This review assesses the recent research into the role of Rn and its constituent compounds in a range of diseases.
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Ferdousi F, Kondo S, Sasaki K, Uchida Y, Ohkohchi N, Zheng YW, Isoda H. Microarray analysis of verbenalin-treated human amniotic epithelial cells reveals therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's Disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5516-5538. [PMID: 32224504 PMCID: PMC7138585 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a major world health problem as the population ages. There is still no available treatment that can stop or reverse the progression of AD. Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs), an alternative source for stem cells, have shown neuroprotective and neurorestorative potentials when transplanted in vivo. Besides, studies have suggested that stem cell priming with plant-derived bioactive compounds can enhance stem cell proliferation and differentiation and improve the disease-treating capability of stem cells. Verbenalin is an iridoid glucoside found in medicinal herbs of Verbenaceae family. In the present study, we have conducted microarray gene expression profiling of verbenalin-treated hAECs to explore its therapeutic potential for AD. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed verbenalin treatment significantly enriched AD-associated gene sets. Genes associated with lysosomal dysfunction, pathologic angiogenesis, pathologic protein aggregation, circadian rhythm, age-related neurometabolism, and neurogenesis were differentially expressed in the verbenalin-treated hAECs compared to control cells. Additionally, the neuroprotective effect of verbenalin was confirmed against amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Our present study is the first to report the therapeutic potential of verbenalin for AD; however, further in-depth research in the in vitro and in vivo models are required to confirm our preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Ferdousi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinji Kondo
- R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8550, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sasaki
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ohkohchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan.,R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8550, Ibaraki, Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan.,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
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Development and validation of Alzheimer’s Disease Animal Model for the Purpose of Regenerative Medicine. Cell Tissue Bank 2019; 20:141-151. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-019-09773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ashammakhi N, Ahadian S, Darabi MA, El Tahchi M, Lee J, Suthiwanich K, Sheikhi A, Dokmeci MR, Oklu R, Khademhosseini A. Minimally Invasive and Regenerative Therapeutics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804041. [PMID: 30565732 PMCID: PMC6709364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Advances in biomaterial synthesis and fabrication, stem cell biology, bioimaging, microsurgery procedures, and microscale technologies have made minimally invasive therapeutics a viable tool in regenerative medicine. Therapeutics, herein defined as cells, biomaterials, biomolecules, and their combinations, can be delivered in a minimally invasive way to regenerate different tissues in the body, such as bone, cartilage, pancreas, cardiac, skeletal muscle, liver, skin, and neural tissues. Sophisticated methods of tracking, sensing, and stimulation of therapeutics in vivo using nano-biomaterials and soft bioelectronic devices provide great opportunities to further develop minimally invasive and regenerative therapeutics (MIRET). In general, minimally invasive delivery methods offer high yield with low risk of complications and reduced costs compared to conventional delivery methods. Here, minimally invasive approaches for delivering regenerative therapeutics into the body are reviewed. The use of MIRET to treat different tissues and organs is described. Although some clinical trials have been performed using MIRET, it is hoped that such therapeutics find wider applications to treat patients. Finally, some future perspective and challenges for this emerging field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohammad Ali Darabi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mario El Tahchi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- LBMI, Department of Physics, Lebanese University - Faculty of Sciences 2, PO Box 90656, Jdeidet, Lebanon
| | - Junmin Lee
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kasinan Suthiwanich
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amir Sheikhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mehmet R. Dokmeci
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center of Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Deshpande P, Gogia N, Singh A. Exploring the efficacy of natural products in alleviating Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1321-1329. [PMID: 30964049 PMCID: PMC6524497 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.253509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (hereafter AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are multiple factors that cause AD, viz., accumulation of extracellular Amyloid-beta 42 plaques, intracellular hyper-phosphorylated Tau tangles, generation of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction and genetic mutations. The plaques and tau tangles trigger aberrant signaling, which eventually cause cell death of the neurons. As a result, there is shrinkage of brain, cognitive defects, behavioral and psychological problems. To date, there is no direct cure for AD. Thus, scientists have been testing various strategies like screening for the small inhibitor molecule library or natural products that may block or prevent onset of AD. Historically, natural products have been used in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. The research on natural products have gained importance as the active compounds extracted from them have medicinal values with reduced side effects, and they are bioavailable. The natural products may target the proteins or members of signaling pathways that get altered in specific diseases. Many natural products are being tested in various animal model systems for their role as a potential therapeutic target for AD, and to address questions about how these natural products can rescue AD or other neurodegenerative disorders. Some of these products are in clinical trials and results are promising because of their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase activities and easy availability. This review summarizes the use of animal model systems to identify natural products, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Gogia
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Biology; Premedical Program; Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton (TREND); The Integrative Science and Engineering Center; Center for Genomic Advocacy (TCGA), Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA
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12
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Huang L, Wang S, Ma F, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Xing C, Feng Y, Wang X, Peng Y. From stroke to neurodegenerative diseases: The multi-target neuroprotective effects of 3-n-butylphthalide and its derivatives. Pharmacol Res 2018; 135:201-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Loera-Valencia R, Piras A, Ismail MAM, Manchanda S, Eyjolfsdottir H, Saido TC, Johansson J, Eriksdotter M, Winblad B, Nilsson P. Targeting Alzheimer's disease with gene and cell therapies. J Intern Med 2018; 284:2-36. [PMID: 29582495 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes dementia in both young and old people affecting more than 40 million people worldwide. The two neuropathological hallmarks of the disease, amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles consisting of protein tau are considered the major contributors to the disease. However, a more complete picture reveals significant neurodegeneration and decreased cell survival, neuroinflammation, changes in protein and energy homeostasis and alterations in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. In addition, gene and cell therapies for severe neurodegenerative disorders have recently improved technically in terms of safety and efficiency and have translated to the clinic showing encouraging results. Here, we review broadly current data within the field for potential targets that could modify AD through gene and cell therapy strategies. We envision that not only Aβ will be targeted in a disease-modifying treatment strategy but rather that a combination of treatments, possibly at different intervention times may prove beneficial in curing this devastating disease. These include decreased tau pathology, neuronal growth factors to support neurons and modulation of neuroinflammation for an appropriate immune response. Furthermore, cell based therapies may represent potential strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Loera-Valencia
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - A Piras
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - M A M Ismail
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Theme Neuro, Diseases of the Nervous System Patient Flow, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - S Manchanda
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - H Eyjolfsdottir
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - T C Saido
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - J Johansson
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - M Eriksdotter
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - B Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - P Nilsson
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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14
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Huang S, Mao J, Ding K, Zhou Y, Zeng X, Yang W, Wang P, Zhao C, Yao J, Xia P, Pei G. Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum Promote Cognitive Function and Neural Progenitor Proliferation in Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:84-94. [PMID: 28076758 PMCID: PMC5233449 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting neurogenesis is a promising strategy for the treatment of cognition impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ganoderma lucidum is a revered medicinal mushroom for health-promoting benefits in the Orient. Here, we found that oral administration of the polysaccharides and water extract from G. lucidum promoted neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation to enhance neurogenesis and alleviated cognitive deficits in transgenic AD mice. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) also promoted self-renewal of NPC in cell culture. Further mechanistic study revealed that GLP potentiated activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and AKT cascades. Consistently, inhibition of FGFR1 effectively blocked the GLP-promoted NPC proliferation and activation of the downstream cascades. Our findings suggest that GLP could serve as a regenerative therapeutic agent for the treatment of cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative diseases. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) improve cognition in transgenic AD mice GLP promote neural progenitor proliferation and self-renewal to enhance neurogenesis GLP potentiate FGFR signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-based Bio-medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianxin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xianglu Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-based Bio-medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Life Science and Technology, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jian Yao
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Shanghai Green Valley Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-based Bio-medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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15
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Pang L, Zhang C, Qin J, Han L, Li R, Hong C, He H, Wang J. A novel strategy to achieve effective drug delivery: exploit cells as carrier combined with nanoparticles. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:83-91. [PMID: 28155538 PMCID: PMC8241159 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1230903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-mediated drug delivery systems employ specific cells as drug vehicles to deliver drugs to targeted sites. Therapeutics or imaging agents are loaded into these cells and then released in diseased sites. These specific cells mainly include red blood cells, leukocytes, stem cells and so on. The cell acts as a Trojan horse to transfer the drug from circulating blood to the diseased tissue. In such a system, these cells keep their original properties, which allow them to mimic the migration behavior of specific cells to carry drug to the targeted site after in vivo administration. This strategy elegantly combines the advantages of both carriers, i.e. the adjustability of nanoparticles (NPs) and the natural functions of active cells, which therefore provides a new perspective to challenge current obstacles in drug delivery. This review will describe a fundamental understanding of these cell-based drug delivery systems, and discuss the great potential of combinational application of cell carrier and NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Chun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Jing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Limei Han
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Chao Hong
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Huining He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and
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16
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Abstract
Good health while aging depends upon optimal cellular and organ functioning that contribute to the regenerative ability of the body during the lifespan, especially when injuries and diseases occur. Although diet may help in the maintenance of cellular fitness during periods of stability or modest decline in the regenerative function of an organ, this approach is inadequate in an aged system, in which the ability to maintain homeostasis is further challenged by aging and the ensuing suboptimal functioning of the regenerative unit, tissue-specific stem cells. Focused nutritional approaches can be used as an intervention to reduce decline in the body's regenerative capacity. This article brings together nutrition-associated therapeutic approaches with the fields of aging, immunology, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer to propose ways in which diet and nutrition can work with standard-of-care and integrated medicine to help improve the brain's function as it ages. The field of regenerative medicine has exploded during the past 2 decades as a result of the discovery of stem cells in nearly every organ system of the body, including the brain, where neural stem cells persist in discrete areas throughout life. This fact, and the uncovering of the genetic basis of plasticity in somatic cells and cancer stem cells, open a door to a world where maintenance and regeneration of organ systems maintain health and extend life expectancy beyond its present limits. An area that has received little attention in regenerative medicine is the influence on regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of nutrition. We propose that a strong relation exists between brain regenerative medicine and nutrition and that nutritional intervention at key times of life could be used to not only maintain optimal functioning of regenerative units as humans age but also play a primary role in therapeutic treatments to combat injury and diseases (in particular, those that occur in the latter one-third of the lifespan).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A Steindler
- Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA; and
| | - Brent A Reynolds
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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17
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Bhatt PC, Pandey P, Panda BP, Anwar F, Kumar V. Commentary: L-3-n-butylphthalide Rescues Hippocampal Synaptic Failure and Attenuates Neuropathology in Aged APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:4. [PMID: 28184195 PMCID: PMC5266703 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash C Bhatt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science Jamia Hamdard, India
| | - Preeti Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia; Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & SciencesAllahabad, India
| | - Bibhu P Panda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Science Jamia Hamdard, India
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences Allahabad, India
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18
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Recent Advances in Neurogenic Small Molecules as Innovative Treatments for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091165. [PMID: 27598108 PMCID: PMC6273783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system of adult mammals has long been considered as a complex static structure unable to undergo any regenerative process to refurbish its dead nodes. This dogma was challenged by Altman in the 1960s and neuron self-renewal has been demonstrated ever since in many species, including humans. Aging, neurodegenerative, and some mental diseases are associated with an exponential decrease in brain neurogenesis. Therefore, the controlled pharmacological stimulation of the endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) niches might counteract the neuronal loss in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other pathologies, opening an exciting new therapeutic avenue. In the last years, druggable molecular targets and signalling pathways involved in neurogenic processes have been identified, and as a consequence, different drug types have been developed and tested in neuronal plasticity. This review focuses on recent advances in neurogenic agents acting at serotonin and/or melatonin systems, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, sigma receptors, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2).
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19
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Zhang Y, Huang LJ, Shi S, Xu SF, Wang XL, Peng Y. L-3-n-butylphthalide Rescues Hippocampal Synaptic Failure and Attenuates Neuropathology in Aged APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:979-987. [PMID: 27439966 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our previous studies showed that L-3-n-butylphthalide (L-NBP), an extract from seeds of Apium graveolens Linn (Chinese celery), improved cognitive ability in animal models of cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is well known that cognitive deficit of AD is caused by synaptic dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the effect of L-NBP on hippocampal synaptic function in APP/PS1 AD transgenic mice and related mechanisms. METHODS Eighteen-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice were administrated 15 mg/kg L-NBP by oral gavage for 3 months. Synaptic morphology and the thickness of postsynaptic density (PSD) in hippocampal neurons were investigated by electron microscope. The dendritic spines, Aβ plaques, and glial activation were detected by staining. The expressions of synapse-related proteins were observed by Western blotting. RESULTS L-NBP treatment significantly increased the number of synapses and apical dendritic thorns and the thickness of PSD, increased the expression levels of synapse-associated proteins including PSD95, synaptophysin (SYN), β-catenin, and GSK-3β, and attenuated Aβ plaques and neuroinflammatory responses in aged APP/PS1 Tg mice. CONCLUSION L-NBP may restore synaptic and spine function in aged APP Tg mice through inhibiting Aβ plaques deposition and neuroinflammatory response. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may be involved in L-NBP-related restoration of synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Pistollato F, Sumalla Cano S, Elio I, Masias Vergara M, Giampieri F, Battino M. Associations between Sleep, Cortisol Regulation, and Diet: Possible Implications for the Risk of Alzheimer Disease. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:679-89. [PMID: 27422503 PMCID: PMC4942871 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.011775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of proteinaceous amyloid β plaques and tau oligomers may occur several years before the onset of Alzheimer disease (AD). Under normal circumstances, misfolded proteins get cleared by proteasome degradation, autophagy, and the recently discovered brain glymphatic system, an astroglial-mediated interstitial fluid bulk flow. It has been shown that the activity of the glymphatic system is higher during sleep and disengaged or low during wakefulness. As a consequence, poor sleep quality, which is associated with dementia, might negatively affect glymphatic system activity, thus contributing to amyloid accumulation. The diet is another important factor to consider in the regulation of this complex network. Diets characterized by high intakes of refined sugars, salt, animal-derived proteins and fats and by low intakes of fruit and vegetables are associated with a higher risk of AD and can perturb the circadian modulation of cortisol secretion, which is associated with poor sleep quality. For this reason, diets and nutritional interventions aimed at restoring cortisol concentrations may ease sleep disorders and may facilitate brain clearance, consequentially reducing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we describe the associations that exist between sleep, cortisol regulation, and diet and their possible implications for the risk of cognitive impairment and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | - Sandra Sumalla Cano
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Campeche, Mexico;,Ibero-American University Foundation (FUNIBER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Elio
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Campeche, Mexico;,Ibero-American University Foundation (FUNIBER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Masias Vergara
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Puerto Rico; and
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain; Department of Specialized Clinical Sciences and Dentistry, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain; Department of Specialized Clinical Sciences and Dentistry, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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21
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Matsumura K, Ono M, Kitada A, Watanabe H, Yoshimura M, Iikuni S, Kimura H, Okamoto Y, Ihara M, Saji H. Structure–Activity Relationship Study of Heterocyclic Phenylethenyl and Pyridinylethenyl Derivatives as Tau-Imaging Agents That Selectively Detect Neurofibrillary Tangles in Alzheimer’s Disease Brains. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7241-57. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Matsumura
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ayane Kitada
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshimura
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iikuni
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Okamoto
- Department
of Pathology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department
of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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22
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The Link Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Dysfunction in Alzheimer Disease. Phys Ther 2015; 95:1046-60. [PMID: 25573757 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20140212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a primary cause of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly population worldwide. Despite the allocation of enormous amounts of funding and resources to studying this brain disorder, there are no effective pharmacological treatments for reducing the severity of pathology and restoring cognitive function in affected people. Recent reports on the failure of multiple clinical trials for AD have highlighted the need to diversify further the search for new therapeutic strategies for cognitive dysfunction. Thus, studies detailing the neuroprotective effects of physical activity (PA) on the brain in AD were reviewed, and mechanisms by which PA might mitigate AD-related cognitive decline were explored. A MEDLINE database search was used to generate a list of studies conducted between January 2007 and September 2014 (n=394). These studies, along with key references, were screened to identify those that assessed the effects of PA on AD-related biomarkers and cognitive function. The search was not limited on the basis of intensity, frequency, duration, or mode of activity. However, studies in which PA was combined with another intervention (eg, diet, pharmacotherapeutics, ovariectomy, cognitive training, behavioral therapy), and studies not written in English were excluded. Thirty-eight animal and human studies met entry criteria. Most of the studies suggested that PA attenuates neuropathology and positively affects cognitive function in AD. Although the literature lacked sufficient evidence to support precise PA guidelines, convergent evidence does suggest that the incorporation of regular PA into daily routines mitigates AD-related symptoms, especially when deployed earlier in the disease process. Here the protocols used to alter the progression of AD-related neuropathology and cognitive decline are highlighted, and the implications for physical therapist practice are discussed.
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23
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Barkalina N, Jones C, Coward K. Nanomedicine and mammalian sperm: Lessons from the porcine model. Theriogenology 2015; 85:74-82. [PMID: 26116055 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical nanotechnology allows us to engineer versatile nanosized platforms that are comparable in size to biological molecules and intracellular organelles. These platforms can be loaded with large amounts of biological cargo, administered systemically and act at a distance, target specific cell populations, undergo intracellular internalization via endogenous uptake mechanisms, and act as contrast agents or release cargo for therapeutic purposes. Over recent years, nanomaterials have been increasingly viewed as favorable candidates for intragamete delivery. Particularly in the case of sperm, nanomaterial-based approaches have been shown to improve the efficacy of existing techniques such as sperm-mediated gene transfer, loading sperm with exogenous proteins, and tagging sperm for subsequent sex- or function-based sorting. In this short review, we provide an outline of the current state of nanotechnology for biomedical applications in reproductive biology and present highlights from a series of our studies evaluating the use of specialized silica nanoparticles in boar sperm as a potential delivery vehicle into mammalian gametes. The encouraging data obtained already from the porcine model in our laboratory have formed the basis for ethical approval of similar experiments in human sperm, thereby bringing us a step closer toward the potential use of this novel technology in the clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Barkalina
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Coward
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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24
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Zheng H, Fridkin M, Youdim M. New approaches to treating Alzheimer's disease. PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2015; 7:1-8. [PMID: 25733799 PMCID: PMC4327405 DOI: 10.4137/pmc.s13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To date, no truly efficacious drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been developed; moreover, all new anti-AD drugs developed since 2003 have failed. To succeed where previous ones have failed in drug development, new approaches for AD therapy are needed. Here we discuss the potential application of network medicine as a new approach to AD treatment. Unlike traditional approaches focused on a single target/pathway, network medicine targets and restores disease-disrupted networks through simultaneous modulation of numerous proteins (targets)/pathways involved in AD pathogenesis. We consider several drug candidates under development for AD therapy, including Keap1–Nrf2 regulators, endogenous neurogenic agents, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activators. These drug candidates are multi-target ligands with the potential to further develop as network medicines, since they act as master regulators to initiate a broad range of cellular defense mechanisms/cytoprotective genes that exert their efficacy in a holistic way. We also explore their diverse mechanisms of action and potential disease-modifying effects, which may have profound implications for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Intra-cellular Therapies Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Mati Fridkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Li XY, Bao XJ, Wang RZ. Potential of neural stem cell-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1313-24. [PMID: 25601591 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), known to be a leading cause of dementia that causes heavy social and financial burdens worldwide, is characterized by progressive loss of neurons and synaptic connectivity after depositions of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein. Current therapies for AD patients can only alleviate symptoms but cannot deter the neural degeneration, thus providing no long-term recovery. Neural stem cells (NSCs), capable of self-renewal and of differentiation into functional neurons and glia, have been shown to repair damaged networks and reverse memory and learning deficits in animal studies, providing new hope for curing AD patients by cell transplantation. Under AD pathology, the microenvironment also undergoes great alterations that affect the propagation of NSCs and subsequent therapeutic efficiency, calling for measures to improve the hostile environment for cell transplantation. This article reviews the therapeutic potential of both endogenous and exogenous NSCs in the treatment of AD and the challenges to application of stem cells in AD treatment, particularly those from the microenvironmental alterations, in the hope of providing more information for future research in exploiting stem cell-based therapies for AD. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Jie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Zhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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