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Xie JQ, Zhou X, Jia ZC, Su CF, Zhang Y, Fernie AR, Zhang J, Du ZY, Chen MX. Alternative Splicing, An Overlooked Defense Frontier of Plants with Respect to Bacterial Infection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37916838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Disease represents a major problem in sustainable agricultural development. Plants interact closely with various microorganisms during their development and in response to the prevailing environment. In particular, pathogenic microorganisms can cause plant diseases, affecting the fertility, yield, and longevity of plants. During the long coevolution of plants and their pathogens, plants have evolved both molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) signaling networks in order to regulate host cells in response to pathogen infestation. Additionally, in the postgenomic era, alternative splicing (AS) has become uncovered as one of the major drivers of proteome diversity, and abnormal RNA splicing is closely associated with bacterial infections. Currently, the complexity of host-bacteria interactions is a much studied area of research that has shown steady progress over the past decade. Although the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and their application in transcriptomes have revolutionized our understanding of AS, many mechanisms related to host-bacteria interactions remain still unclear. To this end, this review summarizes the changes observed in AS during host-bacteria interactions and outlines potential therapeutics for bacterial diseases based on existing studies. In doing so, we hope to provide guidelines for plant disease management in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zi-Chang Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chang-Feng Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Epidemiological and Cytokine Profile of Patients with Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in a Population of the Brazilian Amazon. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102075. [PMID: 36296351 PMCID: PMC9609616 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several factors are associated with the development of different clinical forms of tuberculosis (TB). The present study evaluated epidemiological variables and cytokine levels in samples from 89 patients with TB (75 with pulmonary TB and 14 with extrapulmonary TB) and 45 controls. Cytokines were measured by flow cytometry (Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytometric Bead Array kit). The TB group had a higher frequency of individuals who were 39 years of age or older, married, with primary education or illiterate and had a lower family income (p < 0.05). All individuals with extrapulmonary TB reported that they were not working, and the main reasons were related to disease symptoms or treatment. The levels of IFN-γ (OR = 4.06) and IL-4 (OR = 2.62) were more likely to be elevated in the TB group (p = 0.05), and IFN-γ levels were lower in patients with extrapulmonary TB compared to those with pulmonary TB (OR = 0.11; p = 0.0050). The ROC curve was applied to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of IFN-γ levels between the different clinical forms of tuberculosis, resulting in high AUC (0.8661; p < 0.0001), sensitivity (93.85%) and specificity median (65.90%), suggesting that IFN-γ levels are useful to differentiate pulmonary TB from extrapulmonary TB. The dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels represent a risk for the development of TB and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, especially variation in IFN-γ levels, which may determine protection or risk for extrapulmonary TB.
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Mahmoud NM, Mahmoud MH, Alamery S, Fouad H. Structural modeling and phylogenetic analysis for infectious disease transmission pattern based on maximum likelihood tree approach. JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING 2021; 12:3479-3492. [PMID: 33425052 PMCID: PMC7778505 DOI: 10.1007/s12652-020-02702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contagious disease transmission pattern outbreak caused a massive human casualty and became a pandemic, as confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The present research aims to understand the infectious disease transmission pattern outbreak due to molecular epidemiology. Hence, infected patients over time can spread infectious disease. The virus may develop further mutations, and that there might be a more toxic virulent strain, which leads to several environmental risk factors. Therefore, it is essential to monitor and characterize patient profiles, variants, symptoms, geographic locations, and treatment responses to analyze and evaluate infectious disease patterns among humans. This research proposes the Evolutionary tree analysis (ETA) for the molecular evolutionary genetic analysis to reduce medical risk factors. Furthermore, The Maximum likelihood tree method (MLTM) has been used to analyze the selective pressure, which is examined to identify a mutation that may influence the infectious disease transmission pattern's clinical progress. This study also utilizes ETA with Markov Chain Bayesian Statistics (MCBS) approach to reconstruct transmission trees with sequence information. The experimental shows that the proposed ETA-MCBS method achieves a 97.55% accuracy, prediction of 99.56%, and 98.55% performance compared to other existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourelhoda M. Mahmoud
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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