1
|
Gong L, Xu H, Zhang X, Mahmood T, Mercier Y, Fu J, Liu Y, Gao M, Lv Z, Guo Y. Methionine Source and Level Modulate Gut pH, Amino Acid Transporters and Metabolism Related Genes in Broiler Chickens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15662-15671. [PMID: 38976570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of two methionine (Met) sources at three total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) to lysine ratios (TSAA/Lys) on gut pH, digestive enzyme activity, amino acid transporter expression, and Met metabolism of broilers. The birds were randomly assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with Met sources (dl-Met and dl-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (OH-Met)) and TSAA/Lys (0.58, 0.73, and 0.88) from 1 to 21 days. The results demonstrated that dl-Met and OH-Met supported the same growth performance, but high TSAA/Lys ratio reduced the feed intake and body weight (P < 0.05). OH-Met reduced the crop chyme pH and enhanced the jejunal lipase activity (P < 0.05). ATB0,+ expression decreased with increased dl-Met levels in the duodenum; the low TSAA/Lys ratio induced a stronger mRNA expression of basolateral Met transporters. OH-Met resulted in an increase of cystathionine β-synthase expression in the liver and a decrease in serum homocysteine levels at middle TSAA/Lys ratio compared with dl-Met treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, two Met sources support the same growth, but OH-Met acidified the crop chyme. The investigated transporter transcripts differed significantly along the small intestine. At the middle TSAA/Lys ratio, OH-Met showed a higher metabolic tendency of the trans-sulfuration pathway compared with dl-Met.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tahir Mahmood
- Adisseo France S.A.S., 20 rue Prosper Monnet, 69190 Saint Fons, France
| | - Yves Mercier
- Adisseo France S.A.S., 20 rue Prosper Monnet, 69190 Saint Fons, France
| | - Jianyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Becquet P, Vazquez-Anon M, Mercier Y, Wedekind K, Mahmood T, Batonon-Alavo D, Yan F. A systematic review of metabolism of methionine sources in animals: One parameter does not convey a comprehensive story. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2023; 13:31-49. [PMID: 37009071 PMCID: PMC10060178 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this review article, based on a systematic literature search, is to critically assess the state of knowledge and experimental methodologies used to delineate the conversion and metabolism of the 2 methionine (Met) sources DL-methionine (DL-Met) and DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBa). The difference in the chemical structures of HMTBa and DL-Met indicates that these molecules are absorbed and metabolized differently in animals. This review explores the methodologies used to describe the 2-step enzymatic conversion of the 3 enantiomers (D-HMTBa, L-HMTBa and D-Met) to L-Met, as well as the site of conversion at the organ and tissue levels. Extensive work was published documenting the conversion of HMTBa and D-Met into L-Met and, consequently, the incorporation into protein using a variety of in vitro techniques, such as tissue homogenates, cell lines, primary cell lines, and everted gut sacs of individual tissues. These studies illustrated the role of the liver, kidney, and intestine in the conversion of Met precursors into L-Met. A combination of in vivo studies using stable isotopes and infusions provided evidence of the wide conversion of HMTBa to L-Met by all tissues and how some tissues are net users of HMTBa, whereas others are net secreters of L-Met derived from HMTBa. Conversion of D-Met to L-Met in organs other than the liver and kidney is poorly documented. The methodology cited in the literature to determine conversion efficiency ranged from measurements of urinary, fecal, and respiratory excretion to plasma concentration and tissue incorporation of isotopes after intraperitoneal and oral infusions. Differences observed between these methodologies reflect differences in the metabolism of Met sources rather than differences in conversion efficiency. The factors affecting conversion efficiency are explored in this paper and are mostly associated with extreme dietary conditions, such as noncommercial crystalline diets that are very deficient in total sulfur amino acids with respect to requirements. Implications in the diversion of the 2 Met sources toward transsulfuration over transmethylation pathways are discussed. The strengths and weaknesses of some methodologies used are discussed in this review. From this review, it can be concluded that due to the inherent differences in conversion and metabolism of the 2 Met sources, the experimental methodologies (e.g., selecting different organs at different time points or using diets severely deficient in Met and cysteine) can impact the conclusions of the study and may explain the apparent divergences of conclusion found in the literature. It is recommended when conducting studies or reviewing the literature to properly select the experimental models that allow for differences in how the 2 Met precursors are converted to L-Met and metabolized by the animal to enable a proper comparison of their bioefficacy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Absorption of methionine sources in animals-is there more to know? ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:159-170. [PMID: 36712403 PMCID: PMC9860353 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This literature review evaluates the absorption of methionine (Met) sources such as 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid (HMTBa), its calcium salts (HMTBa-Ca), and DL-methionine (DL-Met) by focusing on the state of knowledge regarding the absorption mechanism, experimental methodology, and factors affecting their absorption. The 2 Met sources differ in mechanism and site of absorption due to differences in their chemical characteristics and enzymatic conversion. This review addresses diffusion- and transport-mediated absorption systems for amino acids and carboxylic compounds, best elucidated by in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models. Opportunities and limitations in the use of radioisotopes to depict absorption sites as well as host and microbial metabolism are described. Physiological and environmental conditions that lead to changes in gut absorptive capacity and the impact of Met source absorption are also evaluated. This review concludes that any comparison between HMTBa and DL-Met should consider their different behaviors during the absorption phase. Hence, the chemical characteristics of these 2 molecules entail different absorption sites and mechanisms, from passive absorption in the case of HMTBa and HMTBa-Ca to active transporters for DL-Met, HMTBa, and HMTBa-Ca. In addition, the different conversion modes of these 2 molecules further differentiate their absorption modes. Considering these important differences, it is easier to understand the apparent divergence between the conclusions of existing publications. When comparing these 2 molecules, it is recommended to properly adapt to the conditions under which the absorption of Met sources is evaluated.
Collapse
|
4
|
To VPTH, Masagounder K, Loewen ME. Critical transporters of methionine and methionine hydroxyl analogue supplements across the intestine: What we know so far and what can be learned to advance animal nutrition. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 255:110908. [PMID: 33482339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
DL-methionine (DL-Met) and its analogue DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (DL-methionine hydroxyl analogue or DL-MHA) have been used as nutritional supplements in the diets of farmed raised animals. Knowledge of the intestinal transport mechanisms involved in these products is important for developing dietary strategies. This review provides updated information of the expression, function, and transport kinetics in the intestine of known Met-linked transporters along with putative MHA-linked transporters. As a neutral amino acid (AA), the transport of DL-Met is facilitated by multiple apical sodium-dependent/-independent high-/low-affinity transporters such as ASCT2, B0AT1 and rBAT/b0,+AT. The basolateral transport largely relies on the rate-limiting uniporter LAT4, while the presence of the basolateral antiporter y+LAT1 is probably necessary for exchanging intracellular cationic AAs and Met in the blood. In contrast, the intestinal transport kinetics of DL-MHA have been scarcely studied. DL-MHA transport is generally accepted to be mediated simply by the proton-dependent monocarboxylate transporter MCT1. However, in-depth mechanistic studies have indicated that DL-MHA transport is also achieved through apical sodium monocarboxylate transporters (SMCTs). In any case, reliance on either a proton or sodium gradient would thus require energy input for both Met and MHA transport. This expanding knowledge of the specific transporters involved now allows us to assess the effect of dietary ingredients on the expression and function of these transporters. Potentially, the resulting information could be furthered with selective breeding to reduce overall feed costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Pham Thi Ha To
- Veterinary Biomedical Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Matthew E Loewen
- Veterinary Biomedical Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Characterization of the segmental transport mechanisms of DL-methionine hydroxy analogue along the intestinal tract of rainbow trout with an additional comparison to DL-methionine. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 249:110776. [PMID: 32712085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the unknown transport mechanism of the extensively used monocarboxylate methionine feed supplement DL-methionine hydroxy analogue (DL-MHA) in rainbow trout intestine. Transport across the pyloric caeca (PC), midgut (MG), and hindgut (HG) regions were kinetically studied in Na+- and H+-dependent manners. Gene expression of monocarboxylate (MCTs) and sodium monocarboxylate transporters (SMCTs) were assessed. Results demonstrated that DL-MHA transport from 0.2-20 mM was Na+-dependent and obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with low affinity in PC & MG in apical/basal pH of 7.7/7.7. Changes in apical/basal pH (6.0/6.0, 6.0/7.7, and 7.7/8.7) had insignificant effects on kinetics. In contrast, HG flux kinetics were only obtained in pH 7.7/8.7 or in the presence of lactate with medium affinity. Additionally, DL-MHA transport from 0-150 μM demonstrated the presence of a Na+-dependent high-affinity transporter in PC & MG. Conclusively, two distinct carrier-mediated DL-MHA transport mechanisms along the trout gut were found: 1) in PC & MG: apical transport was regulated by Na+-requiring systems that possibly contained low- and high-affinity transporters, and basolateral transport was primarily achieved through a H+-independent transporter; 2) in HG: uptake was apically mediated by a Na+-dependent transporter with medium affinity, and basolateral exit was largely controlled by an H+-dependent transporter. Finally, two major methionine feed supplements, DL-MHA and DL-methionine (DL-Met) were compared to understand the differences in their bioefficacy. Flux rates of DL-MHA were only about 42.2-66.0% in PC and MG compared to DL-Met, suggesting intestinal transport of DL-MHA was lower than DL-Met.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Wang G, Chen H, Sun Y, Sun M, Liu X, Jian W, He Z, Sun J. A facile di-acid mono-amidation strategy to prepare cyclization-activating mono-carboxylate transporter 1-targeting gemcitabine prodrugs for enhanced oral delivery. Int J Pharm 2020; 573:118718. [PMID: 31756441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal mono-carboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) plays an important role in the oral absorption of short-chain fatty acids that were used as oxidative metabolite. However, the prodrug strategy targeting intestinal MCT1 for oral delivery is rarely exploited. The oral bioavailability of Gemcitabine (Gem) is low mainly due to its poor intestinal permeability and rapid metabolism. Herein, a facile di-acid mono-amidation strategy was firstly developed to target MCT1 for oral chemotherapy. The N4-amino group of Gem is mono-amidated with di-acids containing different carbon chain lengths, which could recognize intestinal MCT1 and are bio-activated at physiological pH independent of the hydrolysis enzymes. The adipic acid-Gem shows higher MCT1 affinity, better gastrointestinal tract stability (3-fold), improved oral bioavailability (8.8-fold), and less gastrointestinal toxicity in comparison to Gem. Moreover the bio-activation rate of the prodrugs decreases with the increased fatty acid chain length of the linkage under physiological conditions. In summary, we present the first evidence that MCT1 could act as a new target for oral prodrug delivery, and that the linkage could modify the bio-activation rate for achieving optimal oral bioavailability. Our findings provide novel knowledge to rationally design intestinal transporter-targeting oral carrier prodrug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhe Rode, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhe Rode, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Center for Drug Evaluation, Jianguo Rode, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Yixin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wang Jian
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Campo-Sabariz J, Moral-Anter D, Brufau MT, Briens M, Pinloche E, Ferrer R, Martín-Venegas R. 2-Hydroxy-(4-methylseleno)butanoic Acid Is Used by Intestinal Caco-2 Cells as a Source of Selenium and Protects against Oxidative Stress. J Nutr 2019; 149:2191-2198. [PMID: 31504719 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) participates in different functions in humans and other animals through its incorporation into selenoproteins as selenocysteine. Inadequate dietary Se is considered a risk factor for several chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE The role of 2-hydroxy-(4-methylseleno)butanoic acid (HMSeBA), an organic form of Se used in animal nutrition, in supporting selenoprotein synthesis and protecting against oxidative stress was investigated in an in vitro model of intestinal Caco-2 cells. METHODS Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activities, selenoprotein P1 protein (SELENOP) and gene (SELENOP) expression, and GPX1 and GPX2 gene expression were studied in Se-deprived (FBS removal) and further HMSeBA-supplemented (0.1-625 μM, 72 h) cultures. The effect of HMSeBA supplementation (12.5 and 625 μM, 24 h) on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 (1 mM) was evaluated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) adducts, and protein carbonyl residues compared with a sodium selenite control (SS, 5 μM). RESULTS Se deprivation induced a reduction (P < 0.05) in GPX activity (62%), GPX1 expression, and both SELENOP (33%) and SELENOP expression. In contrast, an increase (P < 0.05) in GPX2 expression and no effect in TXNRD activity (P = 0.09) were observed. HMSeBA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) GPX activity (12.5-625 μM, 1.68-1.82-fold) and SELENOP protein expression (250 and 625 μM, 1.87- and 2.04-fold). Moreover, HMSeBA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) GPX1 (12.5 and 625 μM), GPX2 (625 μM), and SELENOP (12.5 and 625 μM) expression. HMSeBA (625 μM) was capable of decreasing (P < 0.05) ROS (32%), 4-HNE adduct (49%), and protein carbonyl residue (75%) production after H2O2 treatment. CONCLUSION Caco-2 cells can use HMSeBA as an Se source for selenoprotein synthesis, resulting in protection against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Campo-Sabariz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Moral-Anter
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Teresa Brufau
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ruth Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Venegas
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
RETRACTED - Methionine: comparing methionine hydroxyl analogues for broilers, with focus on different thermal environments. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933919000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
9
|
Zhao L, Zhang NY, Pan YX, Zhu LY, Batonon-Alavo DI, Ma LB, Khalil MM, Qi DS, Sun LH. Efficacy of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid compared to DL-Methionine on growth performance, carcass traits, feather growth, and redox status of Cherry Valley ducks. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3166-3175. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
10
|
El-Nekeety AA, Salman AS, Hathout AS, Sabry BA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Evaluation of the bioactive extract of actinomyces isolated from the Egyptian environment against aflatoxin B 1-induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in the liver of rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:241-255. [PMID: 28442411 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds of actinomyces (ACT) isolated from the Egyptian environment (D-EGY) and to evaluate their protective activity against AFB1 in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Six groups of animals were treated orally for 3 weeks included: C, the control group, T1, AFB1-treated group (80 μg/kg b.w), T2 and T3, the groups received ACT extract at low (25 mg/kg b.w) or high (50 mg/kg b.w) doses, T4 and T5, the groups received AFB1 plus the low or high dose of ACT extract. Blood, bone marrow and tissue samples were collected for different analyses and histological examination. The results revealed the identification of 40 components, representing 99.98%. Treatment with AFB1 disturbs liver function parameters, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant gene expressions, DNA fragmentation and induced severe histological changes. ACT extract at the low or high doses did not induce significant changes in all the tested parameters or histological picture of the liver. Moreover, ACT extract succeeded to induce a significant protection against the toxicity of AFB1. It could be concluded that the bioactive compounds in ACT are promise candidate for the development of food additive or drugs for the protection and treatment of liver disorders in the endemic area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S Salman
- Genetic and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal S Hathout
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassem A Sabry
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang S, Saremi B, Gilbert ER, Wong EA. Physiological and biochemical aspects of methionine isomers and a methionine analogue in broilers. Poult Sci 2016; 96:425-439. [PMID: 27578876 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine is the first limiting amino acid in all poultry corn-soybean based diets. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of supplementation of L-methionine (L-Met), DL-methionine (DL-Met), and the methionine analogue, DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (DL-HMTBA), on biochemical and physiological parameters of broiler chickens. Male Cobb-500 broilers were fed from day of hatch (d 0) to d 35 posthatch using a basal diet deficient in methionine plus cysteine (Met + Cys) (control), or the basal diet supplemented with 0.22% DL-Met, 0.22% L-Met, or 0.31% DL-HMTBA to meet the Met + Cys requirements. Tissue (liver, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and blood samples were collected at various ages, from d 0 to d 35. Performance of the birds, blood parameters (e.g., acute phase proteins, white blood cell counts), mRNA expression of intestinal nutrient transporters and DNA methylation properties of liver tissues were examined. Both body weight and feed efficiency were improved in methionine supplemented groups compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed among DL-Met, L-Met, and DL-HMTBA for growth performance parameters. L-Met and DL-Met supplementation decreased the acute phase protein, serum amyloid A, while DL-HMTBA had no effect. Methionine supplementation had no effect on white blood cell differentiation count, hepatic total DNA methylation, or DNA methyltransferase activity. L-Met and DL-Met, but not DL-HMTBA, supplementation, resulted in enhanced expression of the ATB0,+ and B0AT transporters in various small intestinal segments. All methionine sources increased expression of MCT1 in the jejunum. In conclusion, methionine supplementation improved growth performance of male broilers. Methionine supplementation was also associated with changes in intestinal nutrient transporter gene expression in certain segments and ages, suggesting that intestinal amino acid absorptive function can be regulated by the source of amino acid and effects are complex and dynamic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | | | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Eric A Wong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brufau MT, Campo-Sabariz J, Bou R, Carné S, Brufau J, Vilà B, Marqués AM, Guardiola F, Ferrer R, Martín-Venegas R. Salmosan, a β-Galactomannan-Rich Product, Protects Epithelial Barrier Function in Caco-2 Cells Infected by Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis. J Nutr 2016; 146:1492-8. [PMID: 27358412 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.232546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One promising strategy for reducing human salmonellosis induced by Salmonella Enteritidis is to supplement animal diets with natural feed additives such as mannan oligosaccharides (MOSs). OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the potential role of Salmosan (S-βGM), an MOS product extremely rich in β-galactomannan, in preventing epithelial barrier function disruption induced by S. Enteritidis colonization in an in vitro model of intestinal Caco-2 cells in culture. METHODS Differentiated Caco-2 cells were incubated for 3 h with S. Enteritidis at a multiplicity of infection of 10 in the absence or presence of 500 μg S-βGM/mL. Paracellular permeability (PP) was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), d-mannitol, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD-4) flux. Tight junction proteins and cytoskeletal actin were also localized by confocal microscopy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products were evaluated. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to visualize S. Enteritidis adhesion to, and invasion of, the Caco-2 cell cultures. RESULTS Compared with controls, TER was significantly reduced by 30%, and d-mannitol and FD-4 flux were significantly increased by 374% and 54% in S. Enteritidis-infected cultures, respectively. The presence of S-βGM in infected cultures induced total recoveries of TER and FD-4 flux to values that did not differ from the control and a partial recovery of d-mannitol flux. These effects were confirmed by immunolocalization of actin, zonula occludens protein 1, and occludin. Similar results were obtained for Salmonella Dublin. The protection of S-βGM on PP in infected cultures may be associated with a total recovery of ROS production to values that did not differ from the control. Moreover, S-βGM has the capacity to agglutinate bacteria, leading to a significant reduction of 32% in intracellular S Enteritidis. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that S-βGM contributes to protecting epithelial barrier function in a Caco-2 cell model disrupted by S. Enteritidis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sergi Carné
- Industrial Técnica Pecuaria, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | | | - Borja Vilà
- IRTA, Nutrition Animal Welfare, Constantí, Spain
| | - Ana M Marqués
- Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Highlights Fermentation of the dietary fiber by intestinal microflora results in production of butyrate.Butyrate possesses anticarcinogenic effect at the colonic level.Three transporters (MCT1, SMCT1 and BCRP) regulate the intracellular concentration of BT in colonic epithelial cells.Changes in the expression of these transporters occur in colorectal cancer. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid tumors worldwide. Consumption of dietary fiber is associated with a low risk of developing CRC. The fermentation of the dietary fiber by intestinal microflora results in production of butyrate (BT). This short-chain fatty acid is an important metabolic substrate in normal colonic epithelial cells and has important homeostatic functions at the colonic level. Because the cellular effects of BT (e.g. inhibition of histone deacetylases) are dependent on its intracellular concentration, knowledge on the mechanisms involved in BT membrane transport and its regulation seems particularly relevant. In this review, we will present the carrier-mediated mechanisms involved in BT membrane transport at the colonic epithelial level and their regulation, with an emphasis on CRC. Several xenobiotics known to modulate the risk for developing CRC are able to interfere with BT transport at the intestinal level. Thus, interference with BT transport certainly contributes to the anticarcinogenic or procarcinogenic effect of these compounds and these compounds may interfere with the anticarcinogenic effect of BT. Finally, we suggest that differences in BT transport between normal colonocytes and tumoral cells contribute to the "BT paradox" (the apparent opposing effect of BT in CRC cells and normal colonocytes).
Collapse
|
14
|
Sasaki S, Futagi Y, Ideno M, Kobayashi M, Narumi K, Furugen A, Iseki K. Effect of diclofenac on SLC16A3/MCT4 by the Caco-2 cell line. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 31:218-23. [PMID: 27236641 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we demonstrated that monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is functionally expressed in Caco-2 cells. We studied the effects of 4 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the uptake of l-lactate as a good substrate of MCT4 by the cells. The monocarboxylate drugs inhibited the uptake of l-lactate into the cells. Diclofenac, as a member of the aryl-acetic acid group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, was the most potent inhibitor, with an inhibition constant of 20 μM. In the next study, we determined the type of inhibition for diclofenac. An l-lactate carrier is non-competitively inhibitable by the drug. We also demonstrated, in Xenopus oocyte expression system, potential of diclofenac for MCT4 inhibitor. The present results could provide a useful tool to discover MCT4-specific inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Sasaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuya Futagi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masaya Ideno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Katsuya Narumi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ayako Furugen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ken Iseki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Agostini PS, Dalibard P, Mercier Y, Van der Aar P, Van der Klis JD. Comparison of methionine sources around requirement levels using a methionine efficacy method in 0 to 28 day old broilers. Poult Sci 2015; 95:560-9. [PMID: 26628343 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of methionine in the poultry feed industry is still facing the relative efficacy dilemma between DL-methionine (DLM) and hydroxy-methionine (HMTBA). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dietary DLM and HMTBA on broiler performance at different levels of total sulfur amino acids (TSAA). The treatments consisted of a basal diet without methionine addition, and 4 increasing methionine doses for both sources resulting in TSAA/Lysine ratios from 0.62 to 0.73 in the starter phase and 0.59 to 0.82 in the grower phase. The comparison of product performance was performed by three-way ANOVA analysis and by methionine efficacy calculation as an alternative method of comparison. Growth results obtained during the starter phase with the different methionine supplementations did not show significant growth responses to TSAA levels, indicating a lower methionine requirement in the starter phase than currently assumed. However, a significant methionine dose effect was obtained for the period 10 to 28 day of age and for the entire growth period of 0 to 28 day of age. Excepting a significant gender effect, the statistical analysis did not allow for the discrimination of methionine sources, and no interaction between source and dose level was observed up to 28 days of age. A significant interaction between source and dose level was observed for methionine efficacy for the grower phase, and the total growth period showed better HMTBA efficacy at higher TSAA value. The exponential model fitted to each methionine source for body weight response depending on methionine intake or for feed conversion ratio (FCR) depending on methionine doses did not allow the methionine sources to be distinguished. Altogether, these results conclude that methionine sources lead to similar performances response when compared at TSAA values around the broiler requirement level. These results also showed that at TSAA values above requirement, HMTBA had a better methionine efficacy value than DLM, caused by the different properties of that molecule, whereas below the TSAA requirement levels, the opposite was observed in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Agostini
- Schothorst Feed Research, PO Box 533, 8200 AM, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - P Dalibard
- Adisseo France S.A.S, 03600, Commentry, France
| | - Y Mercier
- Adisseo France S.A.S, 03600, Commentry, France
| | - P Van der Aar
- Schothorst Feed Research, PO Box 533, 8200 AM, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - J D Van der Klis
- Schothorst Feed Research, PO Box 533, 8200 AM, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Balasubramaniam S, Lewis B, Greed L, Meili D, Flier A, Yamamoto R, Bilić K, Till C, Sass JO. Heterozygous Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (MCT1, SLC16A1) Deficiency as a Cause of Recurrent Ketoacidosis. JIMD Rep 2015; 29:33-38. [PMID: 26608392 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2015_519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe two half-siblings with monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1, SLC16A1) deficiency, a defect on ketone body utilization, that has only recently been identified (van Hasselt et al., N Engl J Med, 371:1900-1907, 2014) as a cause for recurrent ketoacidoses. Our index patient is a boy with non-consanguineous parents who had presented acutely with impaired consciousness and severe metabolic ketoacidosis following a 3-day history of gastroenteritis at age 5 years. A 12.5-year-old half-brother who shared the proband's mother also had a previous history of recurrent ketoacidoses. Results of mutation and enzyme activity analyses in proband samples advocated against methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase ("beta-ketothiolase") and succinyl-coenzyme A: 3-oxoacyl coenzyme A transferase (SCOT) deficiencies. A single heterozygous c.982C>T transition in the SLC16A1 gene resulting in a stop mutation (p.Arg328Ter) was detected in both boys. It was shared by their healthy mother and by the proband's half-sister, but was absent in the proband's father. MCT1 deficiency may be more prevalent than is apparent, as clinical manifestations can occur both in individuals with bi- and monoallelic mutations. It may be an important differential diagnosis in recurrent ketoacidosis with or without hypoglycemia, particularly in the absence of any specific metabolic profiles in blood and urine. Early diagnosis may enable improved disease management. Careful identification of potential triggers of metabolic decompensations in individuals even with single heterozygous mutations in the SLC16A1 gene is indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Balasubramaniam
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Metabolic Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Barry Lewis
- PathWest Laboratories WA, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence Greed
- PathWest Laboratories WA, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Meili
- Clinical Chemistry & Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Annegret Flier
- Clinical Chemistry & Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raina Yamamoto
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum, Dr Eberhard & Partner, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karmen Bilić
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Claudia Till
- Bioanalytics & Biochemistry, Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Bioanalytics & Biochemistry, Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|